1 Kings 1:8

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s mighty men did not side with Adonijah.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְצָד֣וֹק הַ֠כֹּהֵן וּבְנָיָ֨הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָ֜ע וְנָתָ֤ן הַנָּבִיא֙ וְשִׁמְעִ֣י וְרֵעִ֔י וְהַגִּבּוֹרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְדָוִ֑ד לֹ֥א הָי֖וּ עִם־אֲדֹנִיָּֽהוּ׃

Transliteration

But Tsadoq the kohen and Benayahu son of-Yehoyada and Natan the navi and Shimi and Rei and the gibbor who belonged to David not hayah with-Adoniyahu.

Grammar Details

• *Tsadoq*: proper noun - Zadok
• *kohen*: noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the priest
• *Benayahu*: proper noun - Benaiah
• *Yehoyada*: proper noun - Jehoiada
• *Natan*: proper noun - Nathan
• *navi*: noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the prophet
• *Shimi*: proper noun - Shimei
• *Rei*: proper noun - Rei
• *gibbor*: noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the mighty men/warriors
• *hayah*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they were

Word Meanings

• *gibborim asher l'David*: mighty men who belonged to David/David's warriors
• *lo hayu im*: were not with/did not side with/did not support

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men which belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men who belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men which belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men that belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men which belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But Sadoc the prest, and Benaia the sonne of Ioiada, and Nathan the prest and Semei and Rei, and Dauids Worthies were not with Adonias.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But Zadok the Priest, & Benaiah the sonne of Iehoiada, and Nathan the Prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the men of might, which were with Dauid, were not with Adoniiah.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But Sadoc the priest, Banaiah the sonne of Iehoiada, Nathan the prophete, Semei, and Rei, and the men of might which were with Dauid, they were not with Adonia.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men which [belonged] to David, were not with Adonijah.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men who belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and Zadok the priest, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty ones whom David hath, have not been with Adonijah.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men that belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men that belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah, the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet and Shimei and Rei, and David's men of war did not take the side of Adonijah.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men who belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s elite warriors did not ally themselves with Adonijah.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 4:18 : 18 Shimei, son of Ela, was in Benjamin.
• 2 Sam 20:25 : 25 Sheva served as the scribe, and Zadok and Abiathar were priests.
• 2 Sam 23:8-9 : 8 These are the names of David’s mighty warriors: Josheb-Basshebeth, a Tahkemonite, was chief of the captains. He wielded his spear against eight hundred men, whom he killed in one encounter. 9 Next to him was Eleazar son of Dodai the Ahohite. As one of the three mighty warriors, he was with David when they taunted the Philistines who had gathered there for battle. Then the men of Israel retreated, 10 but Eleazar stood his ground and struck down the Philistines until his hand grew tired and froze to the sword. The LORD gave a great victory that day. The troops returned to him only to strip the dead. 11 Next to him was Shammah son of Agee the Hararite. When the Philistines banded together at a place where there was a field full of lentils, Israel's troops fled from them. 12 But Shammah took his stand in the middle of the field. He defended it and struck down the Philistines, and the LORD brought about a great victory. 13 During harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam while a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. 14 At that time, David was in the stronghold, and the Philistine garrison was at Bethlehem. 15 David longed for water and said, 'Oh, that someone would give me water to drink from the well near the gate of Bethlehem!' 16 So the three mighty men broke through the Philistine camp, drew water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem, and brought it back to David. But he refused to drink it; instead, he poured it out to the LORD. 17 He said, 'Far be it from me, LORD, to do this! Is this not the blood of the men who risked their lives?' So he refused to drink it. These were the exploits of the three mighty warriors. 18 Abishai, the brother of Joab, son of Zeruiah, was chief of the Three. He raised his spear against three hundred men, whom he killed, and he became as famous as the Three. 19 Was he not held in greater honor than the Three? He became their commander, even though he was not included among them. 20 Benaiah son of Jehoiada, a valiant fighter from Kabzeel, performed great exploits. He struck down Moab’s two mightiest warriors. He also went down into a pit on a snowy day and killed a lion. 21 And he struck down a huge Egyptian, although the Egyptian had a spear in his hand. Benaiah went against him with a club, snatched the spear from the Egyptian’s hand, and killed him with his own spear. 22 These were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoiada, who gained a name among the three mighty warriors. 23 He was more honored than the Thirty, but he did not attain to the rank of the Three. And David put him in charge of his guard. 24 Asahel, the brother of Joab, was among the Thirty; Elhanan son of Dodo from Bethlehem, 25 Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite, 26 Helez the Paltite, Ira son of Ikkesh from Tekoa, 27 Abiezer from Anathoth, Mebunnai the Hushathite, 28 Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite, 29 Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ithai son of Ribai from Gibeah in Benjamin, 30 Benaiah the Pirathonite, Hiddai from the valleys of Gaash, 31 Abi-Albon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite, 32 Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan, 33 Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam son of Sharar the Hararite, 34 Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maacathite, Eliam son of Ahithophel the Gilonite, 35 Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite, 36 Igal son of Nathan from Zobah, Bani the Gadite, 37 Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah, 38 Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite, 39 and Uriah the Hittite. There were thirty-seven in all.
• 1 Kgs 2:35 : 35 The king appointed Benaiah son of Jehoiada over the army in Joab’s place, and Zadok the priest in place of Abiathar.
• 2 Sam 7:2-4 : 2 the king said to Nathan the prophet, "See now, I am living in a house of cedar, but the ark of God remains in a tent." 3 Nathan said to the king, "Go, do all that is in your heart, for the LORD is with you." 4 But that same night the word of the LORD came to Nathan,
• 2 Sam 8:17-18 : 17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests, and Seraiah was the scribe. 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites, and David's sons were priests.
• 2 Sam 12:1-9 : 1 The Lord sent Nathan to David. When Nathan arrived, he said to him, "There were two men in a city. One was rich, and the other was poor." 2 The rich man had a great many flocks and herds. 3 But the poor man had nothing except one small ewe lamb that he had bought. He raised it, and it grew up with him and his children. It ate from his food, drank from his cup, and slept in his arms. It was like a daughter to him. 4 Now, a traveler came to the rich man, but he was unwilling to take from his own flock or herd to prepare a meal for the traveler who had come to him. Instead, he took the poor man’s ewe lamb and prepared it for his guest. 5 David burned with anger against the man and said to Nathan, "As surely as the Lord lives, the man who did this deserves to die! 6 He must pay back four times the price of the lamb because he did such a thing and had no pity! 7 Then Nathan said to David, "You are the man! This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: 'I anointed you king over Israel, and I delivered you from the hand of Saul. 8 'I gave you your master’s house and your master’s wives into your arms. I also gave you the house of Israel and Judah. And if all this had been too little, I would have given you even more. 9 Why did you despise the word of the Lord by doing what is evil in His eyes? You struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword and took his wife to be your own. You killed him with the sword of the Ammonites! 10 Now, therefore, the sword will never depart from your house because you despised me and took the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your own.' 11 This is what the Lord says: 'Look, I am going to bring disaster upon you from within your own household. I will take your wives before your very eyes and give them to someone close to you, who will sleep with them in broad daylight. 12 You did it in secret, but I will make this happen in front of all Israel and in broad daylight.' 13 Then David said to Nathan, 'I have sinned against the Lord.' Nathan replied, 'The Lord has taken away your sin; you will not die. 14 However, because by doing this you have shown utter contempt for the Lord, the son born to you will surely die.' 15 After Nathan had gone home, the Lord struck the child that Uriah’s wife had borne to David, and the child became ill.
• 1 Chr 11:10-47 : 10 These were the chiefs of David's mighty warriors, who gave him strong support in his kingdom, together with all Israel, to make him king, according to the word of the LORD concerning Israel. 11 This is the list of David's mighty warriors: Jashobeam the Hachmonite was chief of the officers; he raised his spear against three hundred men, whom he killed in one encounter. 12 Next to him was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite, one of the three mighty warriors. 13 He was with David at Pas Dammim, where the Philistines had gathered for battle. At a field full of barley, the troops fled from the Philistines. 14 But they took their stand in the middle of the field and defended it. They struck down the Philistines, and the LORD brought about a great victory. 15 Three of the thirty chiefs went down to David at the rock by the cave of Adullam while a band of Philistines was camped in the Valley of Rephaim. 16 At that time, David was in the stronghold, and the Philistine garrison was at Bethlehem. 17 David longed for water and said, "If only someone would get me water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem!" 18 So the three warriors broke through the Philistine camp, drew water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem, and brought it back to David. But he refused to drink it; instead, he poured it out to the LORD. 19 He said, "Far be it from me, O my God, to do this! Should I drink the blood of these men who risked their lives? Because they risked their lives to bring it, I would not drink it." Such were the exploits of the three mighty warriors. 20 Abishai, the brother of Joab, was chief of the three. He raised his spear against three hundred men and killed them, and so he became as famous as the three. 21 He was doubly honored above the three and became their commander, even though he was not included among them. 22 Benaiah son of Jehoiada, a valiant fighter from Kabzeel, performed great exploits. He struck down Moab's two lion-like warriors. He also went down into a pit on a snowy day and killed a lion. 23 And he struck down an Egyptian who was five cubits tall. Although the Egyptian had a spear like a weaver's rod in his hand, Benaiah went against him with a club. He snatched the spear from the Egyptian's hand and killed him with his own spear. 24 Such were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoiada; he too was as famous as the three mighty warriors. 25 He was held in greater honor than any of the Thirty, but he was not included among the three. And David put him in charge of his bodyguard. 26 The mighty warriors were: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan son of Dodo from Bethlehem, 27 Shammoth the Harorite, Helez the Pelonite, 28 Ira son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Anathothite, 29 Sibbecai the Hushathite, Ilai the Ahohite, 30 Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, 31 Ithai son of Ribai from Gibeah of the Benjaminites, Benaiah the Pirathonite, 32 Hurai from the valleys of Gaash, Abiel the Arbathite, 33 Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, 34 The sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan son of Shageh the Hararite, 35 Ahiam son of Sacar the Hararite, Eliphal son of Ur, 36 Hepher the Mecherathite, Ahijah the Pelonite, 37 Hezro the Carmelite, Naarai son of Ezbai, 38 Joel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar son of Hagri, 39 Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah, 40 Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite, 41 Uriah the Hittite, Zabad son of Ahlai, 42 Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite, a chief of the Reubenites, and the leader over thirty men. 43 Hanan son of Maacah, Joshaphat the Mithnite, 44 Uzzia the Ashterathite, Shama and Jeiel the sons of Hotham the Aroerite, 45 Jediael son of Shimri, and Joha his brother the Tizite, 46 Eliel the Mahavite, Jeribai and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam, and Ithmah the Moabite, 47 Eliel, Obed, and Jaasiel the Mezobaite.
• 1 Chr 27:5-6 : 5 The commander for the third month was Benaiah son of Jehoiada the priest, who was chief. In his division were twenty-four thousand. 6 This Benaiah was a mighty warrior among the thirty and was over the thirty. His division was led by his son Ammizabad.
• Ezek 44:15 : 15 But the Levitical priests, the descendants of Zadok who faithfully preserved the charge of My sanctuary when the Israelites went astray from Me, shall come near Me to serve Me. They shall stand in My presence to offer fat and blood, declares the Lord GOD.
• Zech 12:13 : 13 The family of the house of Levi by itself, and their wives by themselves; the family of the Shimeites by itself, and their wives by themselves.