1 Kings 8:33

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

When Your people Israel are defeated by an enemy because they have sinned against You, and if they turn back to You, confess Your name, pray, and plead with You in this house,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

בְּֽהִנָּגֵ֞ף עַמְּךָ֧ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל לִפְנֵ֥י אוֹיֵ֖ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֶחֶטְאוּ־לָ֑ךְ וְשָׁ֤בוּ אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ וְהוֹד֣וּ אֶת־שְׁמֶ֔ךָ וְהִֽתְפַּֽלְל֧וּ וְהִֽתְחַנְּנ֛וּ אֵלֶ֖יךָ בַּבַּ֥יִת הַזֶּֽה׃

Transliteration

When bəhinnāgēp̄ ʿamməkā yiśrāʾēl before ʾôyēb because yeḥeṭʾû-to you, and wəšābû to you and wəhôdû ʾet-šəmekā and wəhitpalǝlû and wəhitḥannənû to you in habbayit hazzeh.

Grammar Details

• *bəhinnāgēp̄*: preposition + Niphal infinitive construct - when being struck/defeated
• *ʿamməkā*: noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people
• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *ʾôyēb*: Qal participle masculine singular - enemy
• *yeḥeṭʾû*: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they sin
• *wəšābû*: conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they return
• *wəhôdû*: conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they confess/praise
• *šəmekā*: noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name
• *wəhitpalǝlû*: conjunction + Hitpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they pray
• *wəhitḥannənû*: conjunction + Hitpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they seek favor/plead
• *habbayit*: definite article + noun masculine singular - the house
• *hazzeh*: demonstrative adjective - this

Word Meanings

• *nāgap̄*: strike/defeat/smite
• *ʾôyēb*: enemy/adversary/foe
• *šûb*: return/turn back/repent
• *yādâ*: confess/praise/give thanks
• *hitpallēl*: pray/intercede
• *hitḥannēn*: seek favor/plead for mercy/supplicate

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  When thy people Israel be smitten down before the enemy, because they have sinned against thee, and shall turn again to thee, and confess thy name, and pray, and make supplication unto thee in this house:

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  When your people Israel are defeated before the enemy, because they have sinned against you, and shall turn again to you, and confess your name, and pray, and make supplication to you in this house:

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  When thy people Israel be smitten down before the enemy, because they have sinned against thee, and shall turn again to thee, and confess thy name, and pray, and make supplication unto thee in this house:

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  When thy people{H5971} Israel{H3478} are smitten down{H5062} before{H6440} the enemy,{H341} because they have sinned{H2398} against thee; if they turn again{H7725} to thee, and confess{H3034} thy name,{H8034} and pray{H6419} and make supplication{H2603} unto thee in this house:{H1004}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  When thy people{H5971} Israel{H3478} be smitten down{H5062}{(H8736)} before{H6440} the enemy{H341}{(H8802)}, because they have sinned{H2398}{(H8799)} against thee, and shall turn again{H7725}{(H8804)} to thee, and confess{H3034}{(H8689)} thy name{H8034}, and pray{H6419}{(H8694)}, and make supplication{H2603}{(H8694)} unto thee in this house{H1004}:

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Whan thy people of Israel is smytten before their enemies (whyle they haue synned agaynst the) and yf they turne vnto the and knowlege thy name, & make their prayer and intercession vnto the in this house,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  When thy people Israel shall be ouerthrowen before the enemie, because they haue sinned against thee, and turne againe to thee, and confesse thy Name, and pray and make supplication vnto thee in this house,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  When thy people Israel be put to the worse before the enemie, because they haue sinned against thee, & afterwarde turne againe to thee, and knowledge vnto thy name, and pray and make supplication vnto thee in this house:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  When thy people Israel be smitten down before the enemy, because they have sinned against thee, and shall turn again to thee, and confess thy name, and pray, and make supplication unto thee in this house:

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  When your people Israel are struck down before the enemy, because they have sinned against you; if they turn again to you, and confess your name, and pray and make supplication to you in this house:

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `In Thy people Israel being smitten before an enemy, because they sin against Thee, and they have turned back unto Thee, and have confessed Thy name, and prayed, and made supplication unto Thee in this house,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  When thy people Israel are smitten down before the enemy, because they have sinned against thee; if they turn again to thee, and confess thy name, and pray and make supplication unto thee in this house:

• American Standard Version (1901)

  When thy people Israel are smitten down before the enemy, because they have sinned against thee; if they turn again to thee, and confess thy name, and pray and make supplication unto thee in this house:

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  When your people Israel are overcome in war, because of their sin against you; if they are turned to you again, honouring your name, making prayers to you and requesting your grace in this house:

• World English Bible (2000)

  "When your people Israel are struck down before the enemy, because they have sinned against you; if they turn again to you, and confess your name, and pray and make supplication to you in this house:

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “The time will come when your people Israel are defeated by an enemy because they sinned against you. If they come back to you, renew their allegiance to you, and pray for your help in this temple,

Referenced Verses

• Lev 26:17 : 17 I will set my face against you so that you will be defeated by your enemies; those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee even when no one is chasing you.
• Deut 28:25 : 25 The LORD will cause you to be defeated before your enemies. You will march out against them in one direction but flee from them in seven directions. You will become a horror to all the kingdoms of the earth.
• Deut 28:48 : 48 You will serve your enemies whom the LORD will send against you, in hunger, thirst, nakedness, and total destitution. He will put an iron yoke on your neck until He has destroyed you.
• Lev 26:25 : 25 I will bring the sword upon you to avenge the breaking of the covenant, and when you retreat into your cities, I will send a plague among you, and you will be delivered into the hands of the enemy.
• Lev 26:39-42 : 39 Those of you who remain will waste away in their iniquity in the lands of your enemies; and also because of the iniquities of their ancestors, they will waste away with them. 40 But if they confess their iniquity and the iniquity of their ancestors—their unfaithfulness with which they were unfaithful to me, and also how they walked contrary to me— 41 so that I also walked contrary to them and brought them into the land of their enemies; if then their uncircumcised hearts are humbled, and they accept their punishment for their iniquity, 42 then I will remember my covenant with Jacob, and also my covenant with Isaac, and also my covenant with Abraham, and I will remember the land.
• Josh 7:8 : 8 Pardon me, O Lord, what can I say now that Israel has turned its back and fled from its enemies?
• Josh 7:11-12 : 11 Israel has sinned; they have violated my covenant, which I commanded them to keep. They have taken some of the devoted things; they have stolen, they have lied, and they have put them with their own possessions. 12 That is why the Israelites cannot stand against their enemies; they turn their backs and run because they have been made liable to destruction. I will not be with you anymore unless you destroy whatever among you is devoted to destruction.
• Judg 6:1-2 : 1 The Israelites did what was evil in the sight of the Lord, so the Lord handed them over to Midian for seven years. 2 Midian's power overwhelmed Israel, and because of Midian, the Israelites made hiding places for themselves in the mountains, caves, and strongholds.
• 2 Kgs 17:7-9 : 7 This happened because the Israelites sinned against the Lord their God, who had brought them out of the land of Egypt from under the hand of Pharaoh, king of Egypt. They worshiped other gods. 8 They followed the practices of the nations whom the Lord had driven out before the Israelites, as well as the practices of the kings of Israel that they themselves had introduced. 9 The Israelites secretly did things against the Lord their God that were not right. They built high places in all their towns, from watchtower to fortified city. 10 They set up for themselves sacred pillars and Asherah poles on every high hill and under every leafy tree. 11 There, on all the high places, they burned incense as the nations whom the Lord had driven out before them had done. They did wicked things that provoked the Lord to anger. 12 They served idols, about which the Lord had said to them, 'You shall not do this thing.' 13 Yet the Lord warned Israel and Judah through all His prophets and seers, saying, 'Turn back from your evil ways and keep My commandments and statutes according to the entire law I commanded your fathers to follow, and which I sent to you through My servants the prophets.' 14 But they would not listen. Instead, they hardened their necks like their fathers who did not believe in the Lord their God. 15 They despised His statutes, His covenant that He made with their fathers, and His warnings He gave them. They followed worthless idols and became worthless themselves. They imitated the nations around them, though the Lord had commanded them not to do so. 16 They abandoned all the commandments of the Lord their God. They made for themselves two cast idols in the form of calves, made an Asherah pole, worshiped all the host of heaven, and served Baal. 17 They sacrificed their sons and daughters in the fire, practiced divination and sorcery, and sold themselves to do what was evil in the sight of the Lord, provoking Him to anger. 18 So the Lord became very angry with Israel and removed them from His presence. Only the tribe of Judah was left.
• 2 Kgs 18:11-12 : 11 The king of Assyria carried Israel into exile to Assyria, and he settled them in Halah and in Habor by the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. 12 This happened because they did not obey the voice of the LORD their God but violated His covenant—all that Moses, the servant of the LORD, had commanded. They neither listened nor carried it out.
• 2 Chr 6:24-25 : 24 If Your people Israel are defeated before an enemy because they have sinned against You, and they turn back to You and confess Your name, pray, and make supplication before You in this house, 25 then hear from heaven and forgive the sin of Your people Israel, and bring them back to the land You gave to them and to their ancestors.
• 2 Chr 36:14-17 : 14 Furthermore, all the leaders of the priests and the people multiplied their unfaithful deeds, following all the abominations of the nations. They defiled the house of the LORD, which He had sanctified in Jerusalem. 15 The LORD, the God of their ancestors, sent word to them repeatedly through His messengers, because He had compassion on His people and His dwelling place. 16 But they mocked the messengers of God, despised His words, and scoffed at His prophets, until the wrath of the LORD rose against His people beyond remedy. 17 So He brought up against them the king of the Chaldeans, who killed their young men with the sword in their sanctuary and showed no mercy to young men, young women, the elderly, or the infirm; God delivered them all into his hand.
• Ezra 9:5-9 : 5 At the time of the evening sacrifice, I arose from my self-abasement, with my garment and robe torn, and I knelt with my hands spread out to the Lord my God. 6 I said, 'My God, I am ashamed and humiliated to lift my face to you, my God, because our sins are higher than our heads, and our guilt has reached the heavens.' 7 'From the days of our ancestors until now, we have been steeped in great guilt. Because of our sins, we, our kings and priests, have been handed over to the kings of the lands, to the sword, captivity, plunder, and humiliation, as it is today.' 8 'But now, for a brief moment, the Lord our God has shown us grace by leaving us a remnant and giving us a secure footing in His holy place, so our God may enlighten our eyes and give us a little relief in our bondage.' 9 'Though we are slaves, our God has not abandoned us in our slavery. He has shown us kindness in the sight of the kings of Persia. He has granted us new life to rebuild the house of our God and repair its ruins, and He has given us a wall of protection in Judah and Jerusalem.' 10 'But now, our God, what can we say after this? For we have forsaken the commandments' 11 'that you commanded through your servants the prophets, saying: "The land you are entering to possess is a land defiled by the practices of its peoples and their detestable acts that have filled it with impurity from one end to the other."' 12 So now, do not give your daughters in marriage to their sons or take their daughters for your sons. Do not seek their peace or prosperity forever, so that you may be strong, eat the good things of the land, and leave it to your children as an inheritance forever. 13 After everything that has happened to us because of our evil deeds and great guilt—though you, our God, have punished us less than our sins deserved and have given us a remnant like this— 14 shall we again break your commandments and intermarry with the peoples who commit these abominations? Would you not become so angry with us that you would destroy us completely, leaving no remnant or survivor? 15 O Lord, the God of Israel, you are righteous! We are left with this remnant today. Here we are before you in our guilt, though no one can stand in your presence because of this.
• Neh 1:8-9 : 8 Remember the instruction you gave your servant Moses, saying, 'If you are unfaithful, I will scatter you among the nations, 9 but if you return to me and obey my commands, then even if your exiled people are at the farthest horizon, I will gather them from there and bring them to the place I have chosen as a dwelling for my Name.'
• Neh 9:1-5 : 1 On the twenty-fourth day of this month, the Israelites gathered together, fasting, wearing sackcloth, and putting dust on their heads. 2 The descendants of Israel separated themselves from all foreigners, stood, and confessed their sins and the iniquities of their ancestors. 3 They stood in their places and read from the Book of the Law of the LORD their God for a quarter of the day, and for another quarter, they confessed and worshiped the LORD their God. 4 Standing on the platform of the Levites were Jeshua, Bani, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Bunni, Sherebiah, Bani, and Chenani, and they cried out with a loud voice to the LORD their God. 5 Then the Levites—Jeshua, Kadmiel, Bani, Hashabneiah, Sherebiah, Hodiah, Shebaniah, and Pethahiah—said: Stand up and bless the LORD your God who is from everlasting to everlasting. Blessed be Your glorious name, which is exalted above all blessing and praise.
• Ps 44:10 : 10 Yet You have rejected and humiliated us, and You no longer go out with our armies.
• Isa 63:15- : 15 Look down from heaven and see, from your holy and glorious dwelling. Where are your zeal and your might? Your tenderness and compassion are withheld from us. 16 But you are our Father, though Abraham does not know us, and Israel does not acknowledge us. You, LORD, are our Father, our Redeemer from of old is your name. 17 Why, LORD, do you make us wander from your ways and harden our hearts so we do not revere you? Return for the sake of your servants, the tribes that are your inheritance. 18 For a little while your holy people possessed your sanctuary; our adversaries have trampled it underfoot. 19 We are yours from of old, but you have not ruled over them; they have not been called by your name. Oh, that you would rend the heavens and come down, that the mountains would tremble before you! 1 Oh, that you would tear open the heavens and come down, so that the mountains would quake at your presence— 2 As fire kindles brushwood and causes water to boil, make your name known to your adversaries, so that the nations may tremble at your presence. 3 From ancient times, no ear has heard, no eye has seen any God besides you, who acts on behalf of those who wait for him. 4 You meet those who delight in doing righteousness and remember your ways. But when you were angry, we sinned; in our sins we have been for a long time. Can we still be saved? 5 We have all become like one who is unclean, and all our righteous deeds are like filthy rags. We wither like a leaf, and our sins carry us away like the wind. 6 No one calls on your name or rouses themselves to take hold of you, for you have hidden your face from us and have melted us away in the grip of our sins. 7 But now, LORD, you are our Father. We are the clay, and you are our potter; we are all the work of your hands. 8 Do not be exceedingly angry, LORD, and do not remember our sins forever. Behold us, we are all your people. 9 Your holy cities have become a wilderness; Zion has become a wasteland, Jerusalem a desolation. 10 Our holy and glorious house, where our ancestors praised you, has been burned with fire, and all that we treasured lies in ruins. 11 For these things, will you restrain yourself, LORD? Will you remain silent and afflict us so severely?
• Dan 9:3-9 : 3 So I turned my attention to the Lord God, seeking Him in prayer and petitions, with fasting, sackcloth, and ashes. 4 I prayed to the LORD my God and confessed: 'O Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps His covenant of steadfast love with those who love Him and keep His commandments, 5 we have sinned and done wrong; we have acted wickedly, rebelled, and turned away from Your commandments and judgments. 6 We have not listened to Your servants the prophets, who spoke in Your name to our kings, our rulers, our ancestors, and to all the people of the land. 7 Lord, righteousness belongs to You, but shame covers our faces today—to the people of Judah, the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and all Israel, both near and far, in all the countries where You have driven them because of their unfaithfulness to You. 8 O LORD, shame covers us—our kings, our rulers, and our ancestors—because we have sinned against You. 9 The Lord our God is merciful and forgiving, even though we have rebelled against Him. 10 We have not obeyed the voice of the LORD our God by following His instructions, which He gave us through His servants the prophets. 11 All Israel has transgressed Your law and turned away, refusing to obey Your voice. So the curse and oath written in the Law of Moses, the servant of God, have been poured out on us because we have sinned against Him. 12 He has carried out His words that He spoke against us and our rulers who governed us, bringing on us a great disaster. Nothing like it has ever been done under the entire heaven as what has been done in Jerusalem. 13 As it is written in the Law of Moses, all this disaster has come upon us, yet we have not sought the favor of the LORD our God by turning from our sins and gaining insight into Your truth. 14 Therefore, the LORD has kept the disaster in store and brought it upon us, for the LORD our God is righteous in everything He does, yet we have not obeyed His voice. 15 Now, O Lord our God, who brought Your people out of the land of Egypt with a mighty hand and made a name for Yourself that endures to this day, we have sinned and acted wickedly. 16 O Lord, in keeping with all Your righteous acts, let Your anger and wrath turn away from Your city Jerusalem, Your holy mountain. For because of our sins and the iniquities of our ancestors, Jerusalem and Your people have become an object of scorn to all those around us. 17 Now, our God, hear the prayer and petitions of Your servant. For Your sake, Lord, let Your face shine on Your desolate sanctuary. 18 Incline Your ear, my God, and hear. Open Your eyes and see our desolations and the city that bears Your name. For we are not presenting our pleas before You on account of our righteousness, but because of Your great mercy. 19 Lord, hear! Lord, forgive! Lord, pay attention and act! Do not delay, for Your own sake, my God, because Your city and Your people bear Your name.
• Jonah 3:10 : 10 When God saw what they did and how they turned from their evil ways, He relented and did not bring upon them the disaster He had threatened.