2 Kings 23:21

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The king commanded all the people, 'Celebrate the Passover to the LORD your God as it is written in the Book of the Covenant.'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְצַ֤ו הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָעָ֣ם לֵאמֹ֔ר עֲשׂ֣וּ פֶ֔סַח לַֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם כַּכָּת֕וּב עַ֛ל סֵ֥פֶר הַבְּרִ֖ית הַזֶּֽה׃

Transliteration

And-wayəṣaw the-meleḵ ʾeṯ-all-the-ʿām lēmōr: ʿăśû pesaḥ to-YHWH ʾĕlōhêḵem as-kakkāṯûḇ on sēp̄er the-bərîṯ the-this.

Grammar Details

• *wayəṣaw*: Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded
• *meleḵ*: masculine singular noun - king
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *ʿām*: masculine singular noun - people
• *lēmōr*: Qal infinitive construct - saying
• *ʿăśû*: Qal imperative, masculine plural - do/make/perform
• *pesaḥ*: masculine singular noun - Passover
• *YHWH*: divine name - LORD/Yahweh
• *ʾĕlōhêḵem*: masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God
• *kakkāṯûḇ*: Qal passive participle with prefix - as written
• *sēp̄er*: masculine singular construct noun - book/scroll of
• *bərîṯ*: feminine singular noun - covenant

Word Meanings

• *wayəṣaw*: commanded/ordered/instructed
• *meleḵ*: king/ruler
• *ʿām*: people/nation/population
• *ʿăśû*: observe/celebrate/perform
• *pesaḥ*: Passover/Passover sacrifice
• *ʾĕlōhêḵem*: your God/your deity
• *kakkāṯûḇ*: as is written/as prescribed/according to what is written
• *sēp̄er*: book/scroll/document
• *bərîṯ*: covenant/agreement/treaty

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto the LORD your God, as it is written in the book of this covenant.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the Passover to the LORD your God, as it is written in the book of this covenant.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto the LORD your God, as it is written in the book of this covenant.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the king{H4428} commanded{H6680} all the people,{H5971} saying,{H559} Keep{H6213} the passover{H6453} unto Jehovah{H3068} your God,{H430} as it is written{H3789} in this book{H5612} of the covenant.{H1285}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the king{H4428} commanded{H6680}{(H8762)} all the people{H5971}, saying{H559}{(H8800)}, Keep{H6213}{(H8798)} the passover{H6453} unto the LORD{H3068} your God{H430}, as it is written{H3789}{(H8803)} in the book{H5612} of this covenant{H1285}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And the kynge commauded the people, and sayde: Kepe Easter vnto the LORDE youre God, as it is wrytten in the boke of this couenaunt.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then the king commanded all the people, saying, Keepe the passeouer vnto the Lorde your God, as it is written in the booke of this couenant.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the king commaunded all the people, saying: Kepe the feast of Passouer vnto the Lorde your God, as it is written in the booke of this couenaunt.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto the LORD your God, as [it is] written in the book of this covenant.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the Passover to Yahweh your God, as it is written in this book of the covenant.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And the king commandeth the whole of the people, saying, `Make ye a passover to Jehovah your God, as it is written on this book of the covenant.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto Jehovah your God, as it is written in this book of the covenant.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto Jehovah your God, as it is written in this book of the covenant.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the king gave orders to all the people, saying, Keep the Passover to the Lord your God, as it says in this book of the law.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The king commanded all the people, saying, "Keep the Passover to Yahweh your God, as it is written in this book of the covenant."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The king ordered all the people,“Observe the Passover of the LORD your God, as prescribed in this scroll of the covenant.”

Referenced Verses

• Deut 16:1-8 : 1 Observe the month of Abib and celebrate the Passover to the Lord your God, for it was in the month of Abib that the Lord your God brought you out of Egypt by night. 2 You shall sacrifice the Passover offering to the Lord your God, from your flock and herd, in the place where the Lord chooses to place His name. 3 Do not eat leavened bread with it. For seven days, eat unleavened bread, the bread of affliction, because you left Egypt in haste. This is so that you may remember the day you came out of Egypt all the days of your life. 4 No leaven is to be seen in your territory for seven days, nor is any of the meat from the sacrifice eaten in the evening of the first day to remain overnight until morning. 5 You must not sacrifice the Passover offering in any of the towns that the Lord your God is giving you. 6 Only at the place the Lord your God chooses as His dwelling for His name shall you sacrifice the Passover offering, in the evening, at sunset, at the time you left Egypt. 7 Roast it and eat it in the place the Lord your God chooses. Then in the morning, return to your tents. 8 For six days you shall eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day there shall be a solemn assembly to the Lord your God. You must not do any work.
• 2 Chr 35:1-9 : 1 Josiah celebrated the Passover to the LORD in Jerusalem, and they slaughtered the Passover lamb on the fourteenth day of the first month. 2 He appointed the priests to their responsibilities and encouraged them in their service to the house of the LORD. 3 He said to the Levites, who instructed all Israel and were consecrated to the LORD: 'Put the holy ark in the house that Solomon son of David, king of Israel, built. You will no longer need to carry it on your shoulders. Now serve the LORD your God and His people Israel.' 4 Prepare yourselves by your ancestral houses and divisions, according to the instructions written by David, king of Israel, and by his son Solomon. 5 Stand in the holy place by the divisions of your ancestral houses for your kinsmen, the people, and by the divisions of the Levites according to their families. 6 Slaughter the Passover lamb, consecrate yourselves, and prepare it for your brothers to carry out the word of the LORD given through Moses. 7 Josiah gave to the people, as offerings for Passover sacrifices, flocks of lambs and young goats numbering thirty thousand, as well as three thousand cattle; these came from the king's possessions. 8 His officers also contributed willingly to the people, the priests, and the Levites. Hilkiah, Zechariah, and Jehiel, the officials in charge of the house of God, provided the priests with 2,600 Passover offerings and 300 cattle. 9 Conaniah, along with Shemaiah, Nethanel, his brothers, Hashabiah, Jeiel, and Jozabad, the leaders of the Levites, gave the Levites 5,000 Passover sacrifices and 500 cattle. 10 When everything was ready, the priests stood in their places, and the Levites in their divisions, according to the king's command. 11 They slaughtered the Passover lambs, and the priests sprinkled the blood handed to them, while the Levites skinned the animals. 12 They set aside the burnt offerings to be distributed to the divisions of the ancestral families of the people, to offer them to the LORD as it is written in the Book of Moses; and they did the same with the cattle. 13 They roasted the Passover lambs over the fire according to the ordinance. They boiled the sacred offerings in pots, kettles, and pans, and served them quickly to all the people. 14 Afterward, they prepared portions for themselves and the priests, because the priests, descendants of Aaron, were busy offering the burnt offerings and fat portions until nightfall. So the Levites prepared portions for themselves and the priests, the descendants of Aaron. 15 The singers, the sons of Asaph, were at their stations as commanded by David, Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun the king’s seer. The gatekeepers were stationed at each gate and did not leave their posts, since their fellow Levites prepared their portions for them. 16 So all the service of the LORD was arranged that day to observe the Passover and to offer burnt offerings on the altar of the LORD, as commanded by King Josiah. 17 The Israelites who were present celebrated the Passover at that time, and the Feast of Unleavened Bread for seven days. 18 There had not been a Passover celebrated like this in Israel since the days of Samuel the prophet. None of the kings of Israel had celebrated a Passover such as Josiah did with the priests, the Levites, all Judah and Israel who were present, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem. 19 This Passover was observed in the eighteenth year of Josiah's reign.
• Exod 12:3-9 : 3 Tell the whole community of Israel: On the tenth day of this month, each man must take a lamb for his family, one lamb per household. 4 If a household is too small for a lamb, they must join with their nearest neighbor, taking into account the number of people; divide the lamb according to what each person will eat. 5 Your lamb must be an unblemished male, a year old; you may take it from either the sheep or the goats. 6 Keep it until the fourteenth day of this month. Then the whole assembly of the community of Israel shall slaughter it at twilight. 7 They shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses where they eat it. 8 They shall eat the meat that night, roasted over the fire, along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 9 Do not eat it raw or boiled in water, but only roasted over the fire—its head, legs, and inner parts. 10 Do not leave any of it until morning; if any is left over until morning, burn it in the fire. 11 This is how you are to eat it: with your cloak tucked into your belt, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. Eat it in haste; it is the LORD's Passover. 12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt that night and strike down every firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast, and I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD. 13 The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are. When I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will come upon you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt. 14 This day shall be a memorial for you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to the LORD; throughout your generations, as a perpetual ordinance, you shall celebrate it. 15 For seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. On the first day, remove leaven from your houses, for whoever eats anything leavened from the first day until the seventh day must be cut off from Israel. 16 On the first day you shall hold a sacred assembly, and on the seventh day also a sacred assembly. No work shall be done on those days, except what each person must eat—that alone may be prepared by you. 17 You shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this very day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt. Therefore, you shall observe this day throughout your generations as a perpetual ordinance. 18 From the evening of the fourteenth day of the first month until the evening of the twenty-first day, you shall eat unleavened bread. 19 For seven days no leaven shall be found in your houses, for whoever eats anything leavened, that person shall be cut off from the community of Israel, whether they are a foreigner or a native of the land. 20 You shall eat nothing leavened; in all your dwellings, you shall eat unleavened bread.
• Lev 23:5-8 : 5 The Lord's Passover begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month. 6 On the fifteenth day of the same month is the Festival of Unleavened Bread to the Lord. For seven days you must eat unleavened bread. 7 On the first day, hold a holy assembly; you must not do any regular work. 8 For seven days you are to present a fire offering to the Lord. On the seventh day, hold a holy assembly; you must not do any regular work.
• Num 9:2-5 : 2 Let the people of Israel observe the Passover at its appointed time. 3 On the fourteenth day of this month, at twilight, you shall observe it at its appointed time, following all its statutes and all its regulations. 4 So Moses told the people of Israel to keep the Passover. 5 And they kept the Passover in the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, at twilight, in the wilderness of Sinai, just as the LORD had commanded Moses, so the people of Israel did.
• Num 28:16-25 : 16 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is the Passover to the LORD. 17 On the fifteenth day of this month there is to be a festival. For seven days, unleavened bread is to be eaten. 18 The first day shall be a sacred assembly. You are not to do any regular work. 19 Present a fire offering as a burnt offering to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, and seven unblemished year-old lambs. 20 With each bull, prepare a grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil; with each ram, prepare two-tenths. 21 Prepare one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil for each of the seven lambs. 22 Also, present one male goat as a sin offering to make atonement for you. 23 These offerings are in addition to the regular morning burnt offering. 24 Prepare these offerings each day for seven days as food offerings presented by fire, a pleasing aroma to the LORD. They are to be offered in addition to the regular burnt offering and its drink offering. 25 On the seventh day, you shall have a sacred assembly. You must not do any regular work.