Exodus 31:15

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

For six days, work shall be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall surely be put to death.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י שַׁבַּ֧ת שַׁבָּת֛וֹן קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַיהוָ֑ה כָּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֧ה מְלָאכָ֛ה בְּי֥וֹם הַשַׁבָּ֖ת מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃

Transliteration

Six yāmîm ʿāśâ məlāʾkâ and in-the-yôm the-seventh šabbat šabbātôn qōdeš to-YHWH all-the-ʿāśâ məlāʾkâ in-yôm the-šabbāt môt mût

Grammar Details

• *yāmîm*: noun, masculine plural construct - days of
• *ʿāśâ*: qal participle, masculine singular with definite article and quantifier *kol* - all the one doing
• *məlāʾkâ*: noun, feminine singular - work
• *yôm*: noun, masculine singular construct with preposition *bə* - in day of
• *šabbat*: noun, feminine singular construct - sabbath of
• *šabbātôn*: noun, masculine singular - solemn rest
• *qōdeš*: noun, masculine singular - holiness
• *šabbāt*: noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sabbath
• *môt*: infinitive absolute - surely
• *mût*: hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death

Word Meanings

• *yāmîm*: days
• *ʿāśâ*: shall be done/shall be performed
• *məlāʾkâ*: work/labor/occupation
• *šabbat* *šabbātôn*: sabbath of complete rest/absolute sabbath
• *qōdeš*: holy/sacred/set apart
• *môt* *mût*: surely be put to death/certainly die

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Six days may work be done; but the seventh is a Sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whoever does any work on the Sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Six days shall work be done; but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Jehovah; whosoever doeth any work on the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Sixe dayes shall men worke, but the seuenth daye is the Sabbath of the holye reste of the Lorde: so that whosoeuer doeth any worke in the Sabbath daye, shal dye for it.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Sixe dayes shall men worke, but vpon the seuenth daye is the Sabbath the holy rest of the LORDE. Who so doth eny worke vpon the Sabbath daye, shall dye the death.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Sixe dayes shall men worke, but in the seuenth day is the Sabbath of the holy rest to the Lord: whosoeuer doeth any worke in the Sabbath day, shall dye the death.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Six dayes shall men worke, and in the seuenth day is the Sabboth of the holy rest of the Lorde: whosoeuer doth any worke in the Sabboth day shall dye the death.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Six days may work be done; but in the seventh [is] the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth [any] work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Yahweh. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall surely be put to death.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Six days is work done, and in the seventh day `is' a sabbath of holy rest to Jehovah; any who doeth work in the sabbath-day is certainly put to death,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Jehovah: whosoever doeth any work on the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Six days shall work be done; but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Jehovah; whosoever doeth any work on the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Six days may work be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the Lord; whoever does any work on the Sabbath day is to be put to death.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Yahweh. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall surely be put to death.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Six days work may be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD; anyone who does work on the Sabbath day must surely be put to death.

Referenced Verses

• Lev 23:3 : 3 For six days work is to be done, but the seventh day is a sabbath of complete rest, a holy assembly. You are not to do any work; it is a sabbath to the Lord in all your dwellings.
• Exod 16:23 : 23 He said to them, "This is what the LORD has said: 'Tomorrow is to be a day of complete rest, a holy sabbath to the LORD. Bake what you want to bake and boil what you want to boil today, and save whatever is left over to keep until morning.'"
• Gen 2:2 : 2 On the seventh day, God finished the work He had been doing. On that day, He rested from all the work He had accomplished.
• Exod 34:21 : 21 You are to work for six days, but on the seventh day you must rest—even during the plowing season and the harvest you must rest.
• Exod 35:2 : 2 Work is to be done for six days, but the seventh day will be holy to you, a Sabbath of complete rest to the LORD. Whoever does any work on it must be put to death.
• Exod 16:26 : 26 For six days you are to gather it, but on the seventh day, the sabbath, there will not be any."
• Exod 20:8-9 : 8 Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your livestock, nor any foreigner residing within your gates. 11 For in six days, the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but He rested on the seventh day. Therefore, the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.
• Exod 31:14 : 14 You shall keep the Sabbath, for it is holy to you. Anyone who profanes it shall surely be put to death; whoever does any work on it, that person shall be cut off from among their people.
• Exod 31:17 : 17 It is a sign between me and the Israelites forever, for in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, but on the seventh day he rested and was refreshed.
• Lev 23:32 : 32 It shall be a Sabbath of complete rest for you, and you shall humble yourselves. It begins on the ninth day of the month at evening, from evening to evening you shall observe your Sabbath.
• Num 15:32-36 : 32 While the Israelites were in the wilderness, they found a man gathering wood on the Sabbath day. 33 Those who found him gathering wood brought him to Moses, Aaron, and the whole assembly. 34 They kept him in custody because it had not yet been made clear what should be done to him. 35 The Lord said to Moses, 'The man must be put to death. The whole assembly is to stone him outside the camp.' 36 So the assembly took him outside the camp and stoned him to death, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
• Jer 17:24-27 : 24 But if you diligently obey Me, declares the LORD, and do not bring any load through the gates of this city on the Sabbath, but keep the Sabbath day holy and do no work on it, 25 then kings and princes who sit on David’s throne will come through the gates of this city, riding in chariots and on horses, accompanied by their officials and the people of Judah and Jerusalem. And this city will be inhabited forever. 26 People will come from the cities of Judah and the areas surrounding Jerusalem, from the land of Benjamin, the western foothills, the hill country, and the Negev, bringing burnt offerings, sacrifices, grain offerings, incense, and thank offerings to the house of the LORD. 27 But if you do not obey Me to keep the Sabbath day holy by not carrying any loads as you come through the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath, then I will kindle a fire in its gates, and it will consume the fortresses of Jerusalem and will not be extinguished.
• Ezek 46:1 : 1 This is what the Lord God says: The gate of the inner courtyard that faces east will remain closed during the six working days. But on the Sabbath day and the day of the new moon, it will be opened.
• Luke 13:14 : 14 But the leader of the synagogue, indignant because Jesus had healed on the Sabbath, said to the crowd, 'There are six days for work. So come to be healed on those days, not on the Sabbath.'
• Luke 23:56 : 56 Then they went home and prepared spices and perfumes. But they rested on the Sabbath according to the commandment.
• Heb 4:9 : 9 Therefore, a Sabbath rest remains for the people of God.