Jeremiah 34:11

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

But afterward they turned back and took back the men and women they had freed, and forced them to become slaves again.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙ אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַיָּשִׁ֗בוּ אֶת־הָֽעֲבָדִים֙ וְאֶת־הַשְּׁפָח֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר שִׁלְּח֖וּ חָפְשִׁ֑ים *ויכבישום **וַֽיִּכְבְּשׁ֔וּם לַעֲבָדִ֖ים וְלִשְׁפָחֽוֹת׃

Transliteration

And they yāšûbû after-thus, and they yāšibû ʾet-the ʿăbādîm and ʾet-the šəpāḥôt whom they šillḥû ḥopšîm, and they yikbəšûm for ʿăbādîm and for šəpāḥôt

Grammar Details

• *yāšûbû*: verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - and they returned/repented
• *yāšibû*: verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - and they brought back
• *ʿăbādîm*: noun, masculine, plural - servants/slaves
• *šəpāḥôt*: noun, feminine, plural - maidservants/female slaves
• *šillḥû*: verb, piel perfect, 3rd common plural - they had set free
• *ḥopšîm*: adjective, masculine, plural - free
• *yikbəšûm*: verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they subjected them

Word Meanings

• *yāšûbû*: they returned/they turned back/they repented
• *yāšibû*: they brought back/they returned/they restored
• *šillḥû*: they had set free/they had released/they had sent away
• *yikbəšûm*: they subjected them/they forced them/they compelled them

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But afterward they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But afterward they turned and forced the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But afterward they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  but afterwards{H310} they turned,{H7725} and caused the servants{H5650} and the handmaids,{H8198} whom they had let go{H7971} free,{H2670} to return,{H7725} and brought them into subjection{H3533} for servants{H5650} and for handmaids.{H8198}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But afterward{H310} they turned{H7725}{(H8799)}, and caused the servants{H5650} and the handmaids{H8198}, whom they had let go{H7971}{(H8765)} free{H2670}, to return{H7725}{(H8686)}, and brought them into subjection{H3533}{(H8799)}{(H8675)}{H3533}{(H8686)} for servants{H5650} and for handmaids{H8198}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But afterwarde they repented, & toke agayne the seruauntes and handemaydens, whom they had letten go fre, and so made them bonde agayne.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But afterwarde they repented and caused the seruants and the handmayds, whom they had let go free, to returne, and helde them in subiection as seruants and handmayds.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But afterwarde they repented, and toke agayne the seruauntes and handmaydens whom they had let go free, and so made them bonde agayne.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But afterward they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and they turn afterwards, and cause the men-servants and the maid-servants to return, whom they had sent forth free, and they subdue them for men-servants and for maid-servants.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But later, they took back again the servants and the servant-girls whom they had let go free, and put them again under the yoke as servants and servant-girls.

• World English Bible (2000)

  but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But later they had changed their minds. They had taken back their male and female slaves that they had freed and forced them to be slaves again.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 8:8 : 8 After Moses and Aaron left Pharaoh, Moses cried out to the LORD about the frogs that he had inflicted on Pharaoh.
• Exod 8:15 : 15 The magicians said to Pharaoh, "This is the finger of God." But Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.
• Exod 9:28 : 28 Pray to the Lord, for we have had enough of God's thunder and hail. I will let you go; you don’t have to stay any longer.
• Exod 9:34-35 : 34 When Pharaoh saw that the rain and hail and thunder had stopped, he sinned again. He and his officials hardened their hearts. 35 So Pharaoh's heart was hard and he would not let the Israelites go, just as the Lord had said through Moses.
• Exod 10:17-20 : 17 Now, please forgive my sin just this once and plead with the LORD your God to take this deadly plague away from me." 18 Moses then left Pharaoh and pleaded with the LORD. 19 And the LORD changed the wind to a very strong west wind, which carried the locusts into the Red Sea. Not a single locust was left in all the land of Egypt. 20 But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let the Israelites go.
• Exod 14:3-9 : 3 Pharaoh will think of the Israelites, 'They are wandering aimlessly in the land; the wilderness has trapped them.' 4 I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and he will chase after them. But I will use Pharaoh and his whole army to demonstrate my glory, so that the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD.” The Israelites did as they were instructed. 5 When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, Pharaoh and his officials changed their minds about the Israelites. They said, “What have we done? We have let the Israelites go and lost their services!” 6 So Pharaoh prepared his chariot and took his army with him. 7 He took six hundred of the best chariots, as well as all the other chariots of Egypt, with officers in charge of all of them. 8 The LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out boldly. 9 The Egyptians pursued them—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, his horsemen, and his army—and they overtook them as they camped by the sea, near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal Zephon.
• 1 Sam 19:6-9 : 6 Saul listened to Jonathan and swore, "As surely as the LORD lives, David will not be put to death." 7 Then Jonathan called David and told him everything. He brought David to Saul, and David was once again in Saul’s presence as before. 8 War broke out again. David went out to fight the Philistines and struck them with a great slaughter, causing them to flee before him. 9 But an evil spirit from the LORD came upon Saul while he was sitting in his house with his spear in hand, and David was playing music with his lyre. 10 Saul attempted to pin David to the wall with his spear, but David dodged, and the spear struck the wall. David fled and escaped that night. 11 Saul sent messengers to David's house to watch him and to kill him in the morning. But Michal, David’s wife, warned him, saying, 'If you don’t escape tonight, you will be killed in the morning.'
• 1 Sam 24:19 : 19 Today you have shown that you dealt well with me, for when the LORD gave me into your hand, you did not kill me.
• 1 Sam 26:21 : 21 Then Saul said, "I have sinned. Return, my son David, for I will not harm you again, because my life was precious in your sight today. Look, I have acted foolishly and have made a great mistake."
• Ps 36:3 : 3 For he flatters himself in his own eyes, thinking his iniquity will not be discovered or hated.
• Ps 78:34-36 : 34 When He killed them, they sought Him; they repented and earnestly sought God. 35 They remembered that God was their rock, the Most High God their Redeemer. 36 But they deceived Him with their mouths and lied to Him with their tongues.
• Ps 125:5 : 5 But those who turn aside to their crooked ways, the LORD will lead away with the workers of iniquity. Peace be upon Israel.
• Prov 26:11 : 11 Like a dog returning to its vomit is a fool who repeats his folly.
• Eccl 8:11 : 11 When the sentence for a crime is not quickly carried out, people’s hearts are filled with schemes to do evil.
• Jer 34:21 : 21 And I will hand over Zedekiah king of Judah and his officials into the hand of their enemies, into the hand of those who seek their lives, and into the hand of the army of the king of Babylon that has withdrawn from you.
• Jer 37:5 : 5 Pharaoh's army had marched out of Egypt, and when the Chaldeans who were besieging Jerusalem heard the report about them, they withdrew from the city.
• Hos 6:4 : 4 What shall I do with you, Ephraim? What shall I do with you, Judah? Your love is like the morning cloud, like the dew that disappears early.
• Hos 7:16 : 16 They turn, but not to the Most High; they are like a faulty bow. Their princes will fall by the sword because of their insolent words. This will be their derision in the land of Egypt.
• Zeph 1:6 : 6 And I will remove those who turn back from following the Lord, who do not seek the Lord or inquire of Him.
• Matt 12:43-45 : 43 When an unclean spirit comes out of a person, it passes through arid places seeking rest but does not find it. 44 Then it says, 'I will return to my house from which I came.' And when it returns, it finds the house empty, swept clean, and in order. 45 Then it goes and brings with it seven other spirits more evil than itself, and they go in and live there. And the final condition of that person is worse than the first. That is how it will be with this wicked generation.
• Rom 2:4-5 : 4 Or do you disrespect the riches of His kindness, forbearance, and patience, not realizing that God’s kindness is meant to lead you to repentance? 5 But because of your stubbornness and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.
• 2 Pet 2:20-22 : 20 For if, after escaping the defilements of the world through the knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, they are again entangled in them and are overcome, the last state has become worse for them than the first. 21 For it would have been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness than, having known it, to turn back from the holy commandment delivered to them. 22 Of them the true proverb has come true: "A dog returns to its own vomit," and, "A sow that is washed returns to wallowing in the mud."