Mark 7:4

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

And when they return from the marketplace, they do not eat unless they wash. They also observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers, copper vessels, and dining couches.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ ἀπό ἀγορᾶς, ἐὰν μὴ βαπτίσωνται, οὐκ ἐσθίουσιν. Καὶ ἄλλα πολλά ἐστιν, ἃ παρέλαβον κρατεῖν, βαπτισμοὺς ποτηρίων, καὶ ξεστῶν, καὶ χαλκίων, καὶ κλινῶν.

Transliteration

And from agoras, if not they baptisōntai, not they esthiousin. And alla polla is, which they parelabon to kratein, baptismous of potēriōn, and xestōn, and chalkiōn, and klinōn.

Grammar Details

• *agoras*: genitive, feminine, singular - marketplace
• *baptisōntai*: aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd plural - they may wash/dip/immerse themselves
• *esthiousin*: present active, 3rd plural - they eat
• *alla polla*: nominative, neuter, plural - many other things
• *parelabon*: aorist active, 3rd plural - they received/took over
• *kratein*: present active infinitive - to hold/keep/observe
• *baptismous*: accusative, masculine, plural - washings/cleansings
• *potēriōn*: genitive, neuter, plural - cups
• *xestōn*: genitive, masculine, plural - pitchers/vessels/jugs
• *chalkiōn*: genitive, neuter, plural - copper vessels/bronze kettles
• *klinōn*: genitive, feminine, plural - couches/dining beds

Word Meanings

• *agoras*: marketplace/public square/market
• *baptisōntai*: wash/immerse/cleanse themselves ritually
• *parelabon*: received/took over by tradition
• *xestōn*: wooden vessels/pitchers/measuring containers
• *chalkiōn*: bronze vessels/copper pots/kettles

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And when they come from the market, unless they wash, they do not eat. And there are many other things which they have received to hold, like the washing of cups, pots, bronze vessels, and tables.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and [when they come] from the marketplace, except {G3361} they bathe themselves, they eat not; and many other things there are, which they have received to hold, washings of cups, and pots, and brasen vessels.)

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And whe they come from the market except they washe they eate not. And many other thinges ther be which they have taken apon them to observe as the wasshinge of cuppes and cruses and of brasen vessels and of tables.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And whan they come from the market, they eate not, excepte they wasshe. And many other thynges there be, which they haue taken vpon them to obserue, as the washinge of cuppes and cruses, and brasen vessels and tables.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eate not: and many other things there be, which they haue taken vpon them to obserue, as the washing of cups, and pots, and of brasen vessels, and of beds.)

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And when they come from the market, except they wasshe, they eate not. And many other things there be, which they haue taken vpon them to obserue as the wasshyng of cuppes and pottes, and brasen vessels, and of tables.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And [when they come] from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, [as] the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  They don't eat when they come from the marketplace, unless they bathe themselves, and there are many other things, which they have received to hold to: washings of cups, pitchers, bronze vessels, and couches.)

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and, `coming' from the market-place, if they do not baptize themselves, they do not eat; and many other things there are that they received to hold, baptisms of cups, and pots, and brazen vessels, and couches.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and `when they come' from the market-place, except they bathe themselves, they eat not; and many other things there are, which they have received to hold, washings of cups, and pots, and brasen vessels.)

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and [when they come] from the marketplace, except they bathe themselves, they eat not; and many other things there are, which they have received to hold, washings of cups, and pots, and brasen vessels .)

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And when they come from the market-place, they take no food till their hands are washed; and a number of other orders there are, which have been handed down to them to keep--washings of cups and pots and brass vessels.

• World English Bible (2000)

  They don't eat when they come from the marketplace, unless they bathe themselves, and there are many other things, which they have received to hold to: washings of cups, pitchers, bronze vessels, and couches.)

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  And when they come from the marketplace, they do not eat unless they wash. They hold fast to many other traditions: the washing of cups, pots, kettles, and dining couches.)

Referenced Verses

• Matt 23:25 : 25 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and the dish, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence.
• Heb 9:10 : 10 They are only regulations concerning food and drink and various ceremonial washings, external ordinances imposed until the time of reformation.
• Jas 4:8 : 8 Come near to God and he will come near to you. Wash your hands, you sinners, and purify your hearts, you double-minded.
• Luke 11:38-39 : 38 But the Pharisee was astonished to see that Jesus did not wash before the meal. 39 Then the Lord said to him, 'Now you Pharisees clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside you are full of greed and wickedness.
• John 2:6 : 6 Nearby were six stone water jars, used for the Jewish ceremonial washing, each holding twenty to thirty gallons.
• Isa 1:16 : 16 Wash yourselves and make yourselves clean. Remove your evil deeds from My sight; stop doing evil.
• Jer 4:14 : 14 Wash the evil from your heart, O Jerusalem, so that you may be saved. How long will your wicked thoughts lodge within you?
• Job 9:30-31 : 30 Even if I washed myself with snow and cleansed my hands with soap, 31 You would plunge me into a pit, and even my clothes would abhor me.
• Ps 26:6 : 6 I will wash my hands in innocence, and I will go around Your altar, Lord,
• John 3:25 : 25 Then a dispute arose between John’s disciples and a Jew about purification.
• Matt 27:24 : 24 When Pilate saw that he was gaining nothing, but rather that a riot was beginning, he took water and washed his hands in front of the crowd, saying, 'I am innocent of this man's blood; see to it yourselves.'
• 1 John 1:7 : 7 But if we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus, His Son, cleanses us from all sin.