Psalms 78:66

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

He struck His enemies backward and covered them with everlasting disgrace.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיַּךְ־צָרָ֥יו אָח֑וֹר חֶרְפַּ֥ת ע֝וֹלָ֗ם נָ֣תַן לָֽמוֹ׃

Transliteration

wə-yak-ṣārāyw ʾāḥôr ḥerpaṯ ʿôlām nāṯan lāmô

Grammar Details

• *wə-yak*: Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he struck
• *ṣārāyw*: his adversaries - masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix
• *ʾāḥôr*: backward/on their back - adverb
• *ḥerpaṯ*: reproach of/disgrace of - construct form of feminine singular noun
• *ʿôlām*: everlasting/perpetual - masculine singular noun
• *nāṯan*: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he gave/put
• *lāmô*: to them - preposition with archaic 3rd masculine plural suffix

Word Meanings

• *wə-yak*: struck/smote/defeated
• *ṣārāyw*: his adversaries/his enemies/his foes
• *ʾāḥôr*: backward/on their backs/retreating
• *ḥerpaṯ ʿôlām*: perpetual reproach/everlasting disgrace/eternal shame
• *lāmô*: to them/upon them/against them

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he put them to a perpetual reproach.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he struck his enemies in the rear: he put them to a perpetual reproach.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he put them to a perpetual reproach.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he smote his adversaries backward: He put them to a perpetual reproach.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he smote{H8686)} his enemies in the hinder parts: he put{H8804)} them to a perpetual reproach.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  So the LORDE awaked as one out of slepe, and like a giaunte refreshed with wyne.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And smote his enemies in the hinder parts, and put them to a perpetuall shame.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  He smote his enemies in the hynder parts: & put them to a perpetual shame.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he put them to a perpetual reproach.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He struck his adversaries backward. He put them to a perpetual reproach.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And He smiteth His adversaries backward, A reproach age-during He hath put on them,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he smote his adversaries backward: He put them to a perpetual reproach.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he smote his adversaries backward: He put them to a perpetual reproach.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  His haters were turned back by his blows and shamed for ever.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He struck his adversaries backward. He put them to a perpetual reproach.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He drove his enemies back; he made them a permanent target for insults.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 5:6 : 6 The LORD’s hand was heavy upon the people of Ashdod. He devastated them and afflicted them with tumors, both in Ashdod and its surrounding territory.
• 1 Sam 6:4 : 4 The Philistines asked, "What guilt offering should we send to him?" They replied, "Five gold tumors and five gold mice, corresponding to the number of Philistine rulers, because the same plague struck all of you and your rulers.
• Job 40:12 : 12 Look at every proud person and humble him, and crush the wicked where they stand.
• Jer 23:40 : 40 I will bring upon you everlasting reproach and perpetual shame that will never be forgotten.