1 Kings 13:1

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "1 Kings.13.1", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֱלֹהִ֗ים בָּ֧א מִיהוּדָ֛ה בִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־בֵּֽית־אֵ֑ל וְיָרָבְעָ֛ם עֹמֵ֥ד עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ לְהַקְטִֽיר׃", "text": "And *hinnēh* *ʾîš* *ʾĕlōhîm* *bāʾ* from *yəhûdāh* by *dəbar* *YHWH* to *bêt-ʾēl* and *yārābəʿām* *ʿōmēd* by *hammizbēaḥ* to *ləhaqṭîr*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*bāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came/had come", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word/command of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*bêt-ʾēl*": "proper noun - Bethel (lit. 'house of God')", "*yārābəʿām*": "proper noun - Jeroboam", "*ʿōmēd*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - standing", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to burn incense/make offerings" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš ʾĕlōhîm*": "man of God/divine messenger/prophet", "*bāʾ*": "came/was coming/had come", "*dəbar YHWH*": "word of YHWH/command of YHWH/by YHWH's authority", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "to burn incense/to make offerings/to perform ritual burning" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֱלֹהִ֗ים בָּ֧א מִיהוּדָ֛ה בִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־בֵּֽית־אֵ֑ל וְיָרָבְעָ֛ם עֹמֵ֥ד עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ לְהַקְטִֽיר׃

Transliteration

And hinnēh ʾîš ʾĕlōhîm bāʾ from yəhûdāh by dəbar YHWH to bêt-ʾēl and yārābəʿām ʿōmēd by hammizbēaḥ to ləhaqṭîr.

Grammar Details

• *wə-*: conjunction - and
• *hinnēh*: demonstrative particle - behold/look
• *ʾîš*: noun, masculine singular construct - man of
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: noun, masculine plural - God/gods
• *bāʾ*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came/had come
• *yəhûdāh*: proper noun - Judah
• *dəbar*: noun, masculine singular construct - word/command of
• *YHWH*: proper noun - LORD/Yahweh
• *bêt-ʾēl*: proper noun - Bethel (lit. 'house of God')
• *yārābəʿām*: proper noun - Jeroboam
• *ʿōmēd*: verb, qal participle, masculine singular - standing
• *hammizbēaḥ*: noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar
• *ləhaqṭîr*: preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to burn incense/make offerings

Word Meanings

• *ʾîš ʾĕlōhîm*: man of God/divine messenger/prophet
• *bāʾ*: came/was coming/had come
• *dəbar YHWH*: word of YHWH/command of YHWH/by YHWH's authority
• *ləhaqṭîr*: to burn incense/to make offerings/to perform ritual burning

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Behold, a man of God came from Judah by the word of the LORD to Bethel, and Jeroboam was standing by the altar to offer incense.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of the LORD unto Beth-el: and Jeroboam stood by the altar to burn incense.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And, behold, a man of God came out of Judah by the word of the LORD to Bethel: and Jeroboam stood by the altar to burn incense.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of the LORD unto Bethel: and Jeroboam stood by the altar to burn incense.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And, behold, there came{H935} a man{H376} of God{H430} out of Judah{H3063} by the word{H1697} of Jehovah{H3068} unto Beth-el:{H1008} and Jeroboam{H3379} was standing{H5975} by the altar{H4196} to burn incense.{H6999}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And, behold, there came{H935}{(H8804)} a man{H376} of God{H430} out of Judah{H3063} by the word{H1697} of the LORD{H3068} unto Bethel{H1008}: and Jeroboam{H3379} stood{H5975}{(H8802)} by the altar{H4196} to burn incense{H6999}{(H8687)}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And beholde, there came a ma of God from Iuda (thorow the worde of the LORDE) vnto Bethel, and Ieroboam stode by the altar to burne incense.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And beholde, there came a man of God out of Iudah (by the commaundement of the Lorde) vnto Beth-el, and Ieroboam stoode by the altar to offer incense.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And behold, ther came a man of God out of Iuda by the worde of the lord, vnto Bethel: and Ieroboam stoode by the aulter to put incense.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of the LORD unto Bethel: and Jeroboam stood by the altar to burn incense.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of Yahweh to Beth El: and Jeroboam was standing by the altar to burn incense.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And lo, a man of God hath come from Judah, by the word of Jehovah, unto Beth-El, and Jeroboam is standing by the altar -- to make perfume;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of Jehovah unto Beth-el: and Jeroboam was standing by the altar to burn incense.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of Jehovah unto Beth-el: and Jeroboam was standing by the altar to burn incense.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then a man of God came from Judah by the order of the Lord to Beth-el, where Jeroboam was by the altar, burning offerings.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of Yahweh to Beth El: and Jeroboam was standing by the altar to burn incense.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Just then a prophet arrived from Judah with the LORD’s message for Bethel, as Jeroboam was standing near the altar ready to offer a sacrifice.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Kgs 23:17 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.17", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מָ֚ה הַצִיּ֣וּן הַלָּ֔ז אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲנִ֣י רֹאֶ֑ה וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֵלָ֜יו אַנְשֵׁ֣י הָעִ֗יר הַקֶּ֤בֶר אִישׁ־הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣א מִֽיהוּדָ֔ה וַיִּקְרָ֗א אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔יתָ עַ֖ל הַמִּזְבַּ֥ח בֵּֽית־אֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* what [is] the-*ṣiyyûn* the-*lāz* which I *rōʾeh*? And-*wayyōʾmrû* to-him *ʾanšê* the-*ʿîr*: The-*qeḇer* *ʾîš*-the-*ʾĕlōhîm* who-*bāʾ* from-*yəhûḏāh* and-*wayyiqrāʾ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*dəḇārîm* the-these which *ʿāśîṯā* against the-*mizbaḥ* *bêṯ*-*ʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ṣiyyûn*": "masculine singular noun - monument/marker", "*lāz*": "demonstrative pronoun - this", "*rōʾeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - seeing", "*wayyōʾmrû*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct noun - men of", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun - city", "*qeḇer*": "masculine singular noun - grave/tomb", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct noun - man of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he came", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he proclaimed", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*dəḇārîm*": "masculine plural noun - words/things", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you did/made", "*mizbaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - altar", "*bêṯ*-*ʾēl*": "proper noun - Bethel" }, "variants": { "*ṣiyyûn*": "monument/marker/pillar/gravestone", "*lāz*": "this/that", "*rōʾeh*": "see/observe/looking at", "*ʾanšê*": "men/people/inhabitants", "*qeḇer*": "grave/tomb/burial place", "*bāʾ*": "came/arrived/went", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "proclaimed/called out/announced", "*dəḇārîm*": "words/things/matters", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "you did/you have done/you performed" } }
• 1 Kgs 12:32-33 : 32 { "verseID": "1 Kings.12.32", "source": "וַיַּ֣עַשׂ יָרָבְעָ֣ם ׀ חָ֡ג בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁמִינִ֣י בַּחֲמִשָּֽׁה־עָשָׂר֩ י֨וֹם ׀ לַחֹ֜דֶשׁ כֶּחָ֣ג ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּיהוּדָ֗ה וַיַּ֙עַל֙ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ כֵּ֤ן עָשָׂה֙ בְּבֵֽית־אֵ֔ל לְזַבֵּ֖חַ לָעֲגָלִ֣ים אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֑ה וְהֶעֱמִיד֙ בְּבֵ֣ית אֵ֔ל אֶת־כֹּהֲנֵ֥י הַבָּמ֖וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָֽׂה׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿaś yārābəʿām ḥāg baḥōdeš haš-šəmînî baḥămiššâ-ʿāśār yôm laḥōdeš keḥāg ʾăšer bîhûdāh wə-yaʿal ʿal-ham-mizbēaḥ kēn ʿāśâ bə-bêt-ʾēl ləzabbēaḥ lā-ʿăgālîm ʾăšer-ʿāśâ wə-heʿĕmîd bə-bêt ʾēl ʾet-kōhănê hab-bāmôt ʾăšer ʿāśâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿaś*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he made/instituted", "*yārābəʿām*": "proper noun - Jeroboam", "*ḥāg*": "noun, masculine singular - feast/festival", "*baḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the month", "*haš-šəmînî*": "definite article + ordinal number - the eighth", "*baḥămiššâ-ʿāśār*": "preposition + cardinal number - on the fifteenth", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*laḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - of the month", "*keḥāg*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like the feast", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*bîhûdāh*": "preposition + proper noun - in Judah", "*wə-yaʿal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went up/offered", "*ʿal-ham-mizbēaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - on the altar", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made", "*bə-bêt-ʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Bethel", "*ləzabbēaḥ*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to sacrifice", "*lā-ʿăgālîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - to the calves", "*ʾăšer-ʿāśâ*": "relative particle + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - which he made", "*wə-heʿĕmîd*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he appointed/stationed", "*bə-bêt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in house of", "*ʾēl*": "proper noun - El/God (as part of Bethel)", "*ʾet-kōhănê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the priests of", "*hab-bāmôt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the high places", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/whom", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he made/appointed" }, "variants": { "*ḥāg*": "feast/festival/pilgrimage", "*wə-yaʿal*": "went up/offered/ascended", "*ləzabbēaḥ*": "to sacrifice/to offer sacrifice", "*wə-heʿĕmîd*": "appointed/stationed/established" } } 33 { "verseID": "1 Kings.12.33", "source": "וַיַּ֜עַל עַֽל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֣חַ ׀ אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה בְּבֵֽית־אֵ֗ל בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁמִינִ֔י בַּחֹ֖דֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּדָ֣א מִלִּבּ֑וֹ וַיַּ֤עַשׂ חָג֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּ֥עַל עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ לְהַקְטִֽיר׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿal ʿal-ham-mizbēaḥ ʾăšer-ʿāśâ bə-bêt-ʾēl baḥămiššâ ʿāśār yôm baḥōdeš haš-šəmînî baḥōdeš ʾăšer-bādāʾ mil-libbô wə-yaʿaś ḥāg libnê yiśrāʾēl wə-yaʿal ʿal-ham-mizbēaḥ ləhaqṭîr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went up/offered", "*ʿal-ham-mizbēaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - on the altar", "*ʾăšer-ʿāśâ*": "relative particle + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - which he made", "*bə-bêt-ʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Bethel", "*baḥămiššâ*": "preposition + cardinal number - on the fifteenth", "*ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - ten (part of fifteen)", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*baḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the month", "*haš-šəmînî*": "definite article + ordinal number - the eighth", "*baḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the month", "*ʾăšer-bādāʾ*": "relative particle + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - which he devised", "*mil-libbô*": "preposition + preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his heart", "*wə-yaʿaś*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he made/instituted", "*ḥāg*": "noun, masculine singular - feast/festival", "*libnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - for sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-yaʿal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went up/offered", "*ʿal-ham-mizbēaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - on the altar", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to burn incense/to offer" }, "variants": { "*wə-yaʿal*": "went up/offered/ascended", "*bādāʾ*": "devised/invented/concocted/made up", "*mil-libbô*": "from his heart/on his own/of his own devising", "*ḥāg*": "feast/festival/pilgrimage", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "to burn incense/to offer/to make smoke" } }
• 1 Thess 4:15 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.4.15", "source": "Τοῦτο γὰρ ὑμῖν λέγομεν ἐν λόγῳ Κυρίου, ὅτι ἡμεῖς οἱ ζῶντες οἱ περιλειπόμενοι εἰς τὴν παρουσίαν τοῦ Κυρίου οὐ μὴ φθάσωμεν τοὺς κοιμηθέντας.", "text": "This for to you we *legomen* in *logō* of *Kyriou*, that we the ones *zōntes* the ones *perileipomenoi* unto the *parousian* of the *Kyriou* not not we may *phthasōmen* the ones having *koimēthentas*.", "grammar": { "*legomen*": "present, indicative, active, 1st person, plural - we say/tell", "*logō*": "dative, masculine, singular - word/statement (locative)", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord's (possessive)", "*zōntes*": "present, participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - living", "*perileipomenoi*": "present, participle, passive, nominative, masculine, plural - remaining/left behind", "*parousian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - coming/presence/arrival", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord's (possessive)", "*phthasōmen*": "aorist, subjunctive, active, 1st person, plural - we may precede/come before", "*koimēthentas*": "aorist, participle, passive, accusative, masculine, plural - having fallen asleep/died" }, "variants": { "*legomen*": "say/tell/speak", "*logō*": "word/statement/message/declaration", "*zōntes*": "living/alive", "*perileipomenoi*": "remaining/left behind/surviving", "*parousian*": "coming/presence/arrival/advent", "*phthasōmen*": "precede/come before/anticipate", "*koimēthentas*": "having fallen asleep/died/passed away" } }
• 1 Kgs 12:22 : 22 { "verseID": "1 Kings.12.22", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ דְּבַ֣ר הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֶל־שְׁמַעְיָ֥ה אִישׁ־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wayĕhî* *dĕbar* the *ʾĕlōhîm* to *šĕmaʿyâ* *ʾîš*-the *ʾĕlōhîm* saying:", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "qal imperfect waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*dĕbar*": "construct state, masculine singular - word of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*šĕmaʿyâ*": "proper name - Shemaiah", "*ʾîš*": "construct state, masculine singular - man of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite masculine plural noun - the God/gods" }, "variants": { "*wayĕhî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*dĕbar*": "word/speech/message of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*ʾîš*": "man/person of" } }
• Rev 8:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Revelation.8.3", "source": "Καὶ ἄλλος ἄγγελος ἦλθεν καὶ ἐστάθη ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον, ἔχων λιβανωτὸν χρυσοῦν· καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ θυμιάματα πολλὰ, ἵνα δώσῃ ταῖς προσευχαῖς τῶν ἁγίων πάντων ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τὸ χρυσοῦν τὸ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου.", "text": "And another *angelos* *ēlthen* and *estathē* upon the *thysiastērion*, *echōn* *libanōton* *chrysoun*; and *edothē* to him *thymiamata* many, that *dōsē* to the *proseuchais* of the *hagiōn* all upon the *thysiastērion* the *chrysoun* the *enōpion* of the *thronou*.", "grammar": { "*angelos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - angel/messenger", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - came [completed action]", "*estathē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - stood/was positioned", "*thysiastērion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - altar", "*echōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having/holding", "*libanōton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - censer", "*chrysoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - golden", "*edothē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - was given", "*thymiamata*": "nominative, neuter, plural - incense", "*dōsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might give", "*proseuchais*": "dative, feminine, plural - prayers", "*hagiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of saints/holy ones", "*thronou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of throne" }, "variants": { "*angelos*": "angel/messenger", "*thysiastērion*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*libanōton*": "censer/incense vessel", "*thymiamata*": "incense/fragrant materials for burning", "*proseuchais*": "prayers/petitions", "*hagiōn*": "saints/holy ones/consecrated ones", "*thronou*": "throne/seat of authority" } }
• 1 Kgs 13:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Kings.13.5", "source": "וְהַמִּזְבֵּ֣חַ נִקְרָ֔ע וַיִּשָּׁפֵ֥ךְ הַדֶּ֖שֶׁן מִן־הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ כַּמּוֹפֵ֗ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֛ן אִ֥ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *hammizbēaḥ* *niqrāʿ* and *wayyiššāpēk* *hadešen* from *hammizbēaḥ* according to *hammôpēt* which *nātan* *ʾîš* *hāʾĕlōhîm* by *dəbar* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar", "*niqrāʿ*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was torn/split", "*wayyiššāpēk*": "conjunction + verb, niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it was poured out", "*hadešen*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the ashes", "*min-*": "preposition - from", "*kammôpēt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with definite article - according to the sign", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*nātan*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - gave/provided", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God/gods", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word/command of" }, "variants": { "*niqrāʿ*": "was torn/was split/was broken apart", "*wayyiššāpēk*": "was poured out/was spilled/was scattered", "*dešen*": "ashes/fat ashes/burnt offering remains" } }
• 1 Kgs 13:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Kings.13.9", "source": "כִּֽי־כֵ֣ן ׀ צִוָּ֣ה אֹתִ֗י בִּדְבַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹא־תֹ֥אכַל לֶ֖חֶם וְלֹ֣א תִשְׁתֶּה־מָּ֑יִם וְלֹ֣א תָשׁ֔וּב בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽכְתָּ׃", "text": "For thus *ṣiwwāh* me by *dəbar* *YHWH* *lēʾmōr* not *tōʾkal* *leḥem* and not *tišteh-māyim* and not *tāšûb* by *hadderek* which *hālāktā*.", "grammar": { "*kî-kēn*": "conjunction + adverb - for thus/because so", "*ṣiwwāh*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker + 1st common singular suffix - me", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tōʾkal*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall eat", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food", "*tišteh-māyim*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular + noun, masculine plural - you shall drink water", "*tāšûb*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall return", "*badderek*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with definite article - by the way", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*hālāktā*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you went/came" }, "variants": { "*ṣiwwāh ʾōtî*": "commanded me/instructed me/ordered me", "*bidbar YHWH*": "by word of YHWH/through command of YHWH/by YHWH's authority", "*lōʾ tāšûb badderek*": "not return by the way/not go back on the road/not travel back by the path" } }
• 1 Kgs 13:26 : 26 { "verseID": "1 Kings.13.26", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע הַנָּבִיא֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֱשִׁיב֣וֹ מִן־הַדֶּרֶךְ֒ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֣ים ה֔וּא אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָרָ֖ה אֶת־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּתְּנֵ֨הוּ יְהוָ֜ה לָאַרְיֵ֗ה וַֽיִּשְׁבְּרֵ֙הוּ֙ וַיְמִתֵ֔הוּ כִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּר־לֽוֹ", "text": "And *wayyišmaʿ* the *nābîʾ* who *hēšîbô* from the *derek* and *wayyōʾmer*, '*ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm* he is, who *mārâ* *pî YHWH*, and *wayyittĕnēhû YHWH* to the *ʾaryēh* and *wayyišbĕrēhû* and *wayĕmîtēhû* according to *dĕbar YHWH* which *dibbēr-lô*'", "grammar": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he heard", "*nābîʾ*": "noun ms with definite article - the prophet", "*hēšîbô*": "hiphil perfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - he brought him back", "*derek*": "noun fs with definite article - the way/road", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm*": "construct state + definite article - man of the God", "*mārâ*": "qal perfect 3ms - he rebelled against", "*pî YHWH*": "construct state + proper noun - mouth of YHWH", "*wayyittĕnēhû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he gave him", "*ʾaryēh*": "noun ms with definite article - the lion", "*wayyišbĕrēhû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he tore/broke him", "*wayĕmîtēhû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he killed him", "*dĕbar YHWH*": "construct state - word of YHWH", "*dibbēr-lô*": "piel perfect 3ms + preposition + 3ms suffix - he spoke to him" }, "variants": { "*mārâ*": "rebelled against/disobeyed/defied", "*wayyišbĕrēhû*": "tore/broke/mauled him" } }
• 1 Kgs 13:32 : 32 { "verseID": "1 Kings.13.32", "source": "כִּי֩ הָיֹ֨ה יִהְיֶ֜ה הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר קָרָא֙ בִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּבֵֽית־אֵ֑ל וְעַל֙ כָּל־בָּתֵּ֣י הַבָּמ֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּעָרֵ֥י שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃ פ", "text": "For *kî* *hāyōh* *yihyeh* the-*dāḇār* which *ʾăšer* *qārāʾ* in-word-of *bi-ḏəḇar* *YHWH* against-the-*ʿal-ha-mizḇēaḥ* which *ʾăšer* in-*bə-ḇêṯ*-*ʾēl* and-against *wə-ʿal* all-*kol*-houses-of the-*bātê-ha-bāmôṯ* which *ʾăšer* in-cities-of *bə-ʿārê* *šōmrôn*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hāyōh yihyeh*": "Qal infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - surely will come to pass", "*dāḇār*": "noun masculine singular - word/thing/matter", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*qārāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he called/proclaimed", "*bi-ḏəḇar*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - by the word of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʿal-ha-mizḇēaḥ*": "preposition + article + noun masculine singular - against the altar", "*bə-ḇêṯ-ʾēl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + proper name - in Bethel", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and against", "*kol-bātê*": "noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine plural construct - all houses of", "*ha-bāmôṯ*": "article + noun feminine plural - the high places", "*bə-ʿārê*": "preposition + noun feminine plural construct - in cities of", "*šōmrôn*": "proper name - Samaria" }, "variants": { "*hāyōh yihyeh*": "surely will happen/certainly will come to pass/definitely will occur", "*qārāʾ*": "proclaimed/called out/cried", "*bi-ḏəḇar YHWH*": "by the word of YHWH/according to the word of the LORD", "*bātê ha-bāmôṯ*": "houses of the high places/shrines/sanctuary buildings", "*šōmrôn*": "Samaria/Shomron" } }
• 1 Kgs 20:35 : 35 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.35", "source": "‫וְאִ֨ישׁ אֶחָ֜ד מִבְּנֵ֣י הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים אָמַ֧ר אֶל־רֵעֵ֛הוּ בִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה הַכֵּ֣ינִי נָ֑א וַיְמָאֵ֥ן הָאִ֖ישׁ לְהַכֹּתֽוֹ׃‬", "text": "And-*ʾîš ʾeḥāḏ* from-*bənê ha-nəḇîʾîm ʾāmar* to-*rēʿēhû* in-*ḏəḇar yəhwâ hakkênî nāʾ* and-*waymāʾēn ha-ʾîš* to-*hakkōṯô*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš ʾeḥāḏ*": "masculine singular noun + cardinal number - one man", "*bənê ha-nəḇîʾîm*": "construct state - sons of the prophets", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his companion", "*ḏəḇar yəhwâ*": "construct state - word of YHWH", "*hakkênî*": "imperative, 2nd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - strike me", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*waymāʾēn*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he refused", "*ha-ʾîš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man", "*hakkōṯô*": "infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to strike him" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš ʾeḥāḏ*": "one man, a certain man", "*bənê ha-nəḇîʾîm*": "sons of the prophets, prophetic guild/company", "*rēʿēhû*": "his companion, his friend, his neighbor", "*ḏəḇar yəhwâ*": "word of YHWH, command of YHWH", "*hakkênî*": "strike me, hit me, wound me", "*waymāʾēn*": "he refused, he was unwilling", "*hakkōṯô*": "to strike him, to hit him" } }
• 2 Chr 9:29 : 29 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.9.29", "source": "וּשְׁאָר֙ דִּבְרֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖ים וְהָאֲחֲרוֹנִ֑ים הֲלֹא־הֵ֣ם כְּתוּבִ֗ים עַל־דִּבְרֵי֙ נָתָ֣ן הַנָּבִ֔יא וְעַל־נְבוּאַ֞ת אֲחִיָּ֣ה הַשִּֽׁילוֹנִ֗י וּבַחֲזוֹת֙ יעדי יֶעְדּ֣וֹ הַחֹזֶ֔ה עַל־יָרָבְעָ֖ם בֶּן־נְבָֽט׃", "text": "And *šəʾār* *dibrê* *šəlōmōh* *hāriʾšōnîm* *wəhāʾaḥarônîm* *hălōʾ-hēm* *kətûbîm* upon-*dibrê* *nātān* *hannābîʾ* and-upon-*nəbûʾat* *ʾăḥîyāh* *haššîlônî* and-in-*ḥăzôt* *yeʿdô* *haḥōzeh* upon-*yārābəʿām* *ben*-*nəbāṭ*", "grammar": { "*û*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*šəʾār*": "construct state, masculine singular - remainder of", "*dibrê*": "construct state, masculine plural - words/acts/matters of", "*šəlōmōh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Solomon", "*hāriʾšōnîm*": "definite article + adjective, masculine plural - the first", "*wəhāʾaḥarônîm*": "conjunction + definite article + adjective, masculine plural - and the last", "*hălōʾ-hēm*": "interrogative particle + negative + pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - are they not", "*kətûbîm*": "passive participle, masculine plural - written", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/concerning", "*dibrê*": "construct state, masculine plural - words/acts/matters of", "*nātān*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nathan", "*hannābîʾ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the prophet", "*wəʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon/concerning", "*nəbûʾat*": "construct state, feminine singular - prophecy of", "*ʾăḥîyāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahijah", "*haššîlônî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective, masculine singular - the Shilonite", "*ûbaḥăzôt*": "conjunction + preposition + construct state, feminine plural - and in the visions of", "*yeʿdô*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Iddo (alternative spelling)", "*haḥōzeh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the seer", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/against", "*yārābəʿām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jeroboam", "*ben*": "construct state, masculine singular - son of", "*nəbāṭ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nebat" }, "variants": { "*šəʾār*": "rest/remainder/residue", "*dibrê*": "words/acts/affairs/matters/chronicles", "*hălōʾ-hēm*": "are they not/behold they are", "*kətûbîm*": "written/recorded/inscribed", "*nəbûʾat*": "prophecy/vision/oracle", "*ḥăzôt*": "visions/revelations/prophecies", "*haḥōzeh*": "seer/prophet/visionary", "*yeʿdô*": "Iddo/Jedai (textual variant shown in source)" } }
• 2 Chr 26:18 : 18 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.26.18", "source": "וַיַּעַמְד֞וּ עַל־עֻזִּיָּ֣הוּ הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וַיֹּ֤אמְרוּ לוֹ֙ לֹא־לְךָ֣ עֻזִּיָּ֗הוּ לְהַקְטִיר֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה כִּ֣י לַכֹּהֲנִ֧ים בְּנֵי־אַהֲרֹ֛ן הַמְקֻדָּשִׁ֖ים לְהַקְטִ֑יר צֵ֤א מִן־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ֙ כִּ֣י מָעַ֔לְתָּ וְלֹֽא־לְךָ֥ לְכָב֖וֹד מֵיְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-ya'amdû* against-*'uzziyyāhû* the-*melek* *wə-yō'mərû* to-him not-to-you *'uzziyyāhû* *ləhaqṭîr* to-*YHWH* for to-the-*kōhănîm* *bənê*-*'ahărōn* the-*məquddāšîm* *ləhaqṭîr* go-out from-the-*miqdāš* for *mā'altā* and-not-to-you to-*kābôd* from-*YHWH* *'ĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ya'amdû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they stood", "*'uzziyyāhû*": "proper name - Uzziah", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun - king", "*wə-yō'mərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to burn incense", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*kōhănîm*": "masculine plural noun - priests", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'ahărōn*": "proper name - Aaron", "*məquddāšîm*": "Pual participle, masculine plural - being consecrated/sanctified", "*miqdāš*": "masculine singular noun - sanctuary/holy place", "*mā'altā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have acted unfaithfully", "*kābôd*": "masculine singular noun - honor/glory", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God" }, "variants": { "*wə-ya'amdû*": "and they stood/withstood/opposed", "*wə-yō'mərû*": "and they said/spoke/told", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "to burn incense/offer incense", "*kōhănîm*": "priests/ministers", "*bənê*": "sons of/descendants of", "*məquddāšîm*": "being consecrated/sanctified/set apart", "*miqdāš*": "sanctuary/holy place/temple", "*mā'altā*": "you have acted unfaithfully/trespassed/transgressed", "*kābôd*": "honor/glory/respect", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being" } }
• Jer 11:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.11.12", "source": "וְהָֽלְכ֞וּ עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה וְיֹשְׁבֵי֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְזָֽעֲקוּ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥ם מְקַטְּרִ֖ים לָהֶ֑ם וְהוֹשֵׁ֛עַ לֹֽא־יוֹשִׁ֥יעוּ לָהֶ֖ם בְּעֵ֥ת רָעָתָֽם׃", "text": "*wĕhālĕkû* *ʿārê* *yĕhûdāh* and-*yōšbê* *yĕrûšālaim* *wĕzāʿăqû* to-*hāʾĕlōhîm* which they *mĕqaṭṭĕrîm* to-them, and-*hôšēaʿ* not-*yôšîʿû* to-them in-*ʿēt* *rāʿātām*.", "grammar": { "*wĕhālĕkû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they will go", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yōšbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*yĕrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*wĕzāʿăqû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they will cry out", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the gods", "*mĕqaṭṭĕrîm*": "Piel participle, masculine plural - burning incense/offering sacrifices", "*hôšēaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - saving", "*yôšîʿû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will save", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of", "*rāʿātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their disaster" }, "variants": { "*mĕqaṭṭĕrîm*": "burning incense to/offering sacrifices to/making offerings to", "*hôšēaʿ lōʾ-yôšîʿû*": "they certainly will not save/they absolutely cannot deliver", "*ʿēt rāʿātām*": "time of their disaster/trouble/calamity" } }
• Jer 25:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.3", "source": "מִן־שְׁלֹ֣שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֡ה לְיֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ בֶן־אָמוֹן֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֜ה וְעַ֣ד ׀ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֗ה זֶ֚ה שָׁלֹ֤שׁ וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ שָׁנָ֔ה הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלָ֑י וָאֲדַבֵּ֧ר אֲלֵיכֶ֛ם אַשְׁכֵּ֥ים וְדַבֵּ֖ר וְלֹ֥א שְׁמַעְתֶּֽם׃", "text": "From thirteen *šānāh* to *Yōʾšiyyāhû* son of *ʾĀmôn* *melek* *Yĕhûdāh* and unto the day the this, this three and twenty *šānāh*, *hāyāh* *dĕbar*-*YHWH* unto me, and *wāʾădabbēr* unto you *ʾaškêm* and *dabbēr* and not *šĕmaʿtem*.", "grammar": { "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - year", "*Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Josiah", "*ʾĀmôn*": "proper noun - Amon", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king", "*Yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - came/happened", "*dĕbar*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wāʾădabbēr*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect, 1st singular - and I spoke", "*ʾaškêm*": "verb, hiphil infinitive absolute - rising early", "*dabbēr*": "verb, piel infinitive absolute - speaking", "*šĕmaʿtem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd plural - you heard/listened" }, "variants": { "*hāyāh*": "came/happened/existed", "*dĕbar*": "word/matter/thing of", "*ʾaškêm*": "rising early/persistently", "*šĕmaʿtem*": "heard/listened/obeyed" } }
• Jer 32:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.29", "source": "וּבָ֣אוּ הַכַּשְׂדִּ֗ים הַנִּלְחָמִים֙ עַל־הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את וְהִצִּ֜יתוּ אֶת־הָעִ֥יר הַזֹּ֛את בָּאֵ֖שׁ וּשְׂרָפ֑וּהָ וְאֵ֣ת הַבָּתִּ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ קִטְּר֨וּ עַל־גַּגּֽוֹתֵיהֶ֜ם לַבַּ֗עַל וְהִסִּ֤כוּ נְסָכִים֙ לֵאלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים לְמַ֖עַן הַכְעִסֵֽנִי׃", "text": "And *bāʾû* the *kaśdîm* *nilḥāmîm* against *hāʿîr* this, and *hiṣṣîtû* *ʾet-hāʿîr* this with *ʾēš* and *śərāpūhā*; and *ʾēt* the *bātîm* which *qiṭṭərû* upon *gaggôtêhem* to *baʿal* and *hissikû* *nəsākîm* to *ʾĕlōhîm* other, for *həmaʿan* *hakəʿisēnî*", "grammar": { "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they will come'", "*kaśdîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'Chaldeans'", "*nilḥāmîm*": "Niphal participle, masculine plural - 'those fighting/warring'", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the city'", "*hiṣṣîtû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they will set/kindle'", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - 'fire'", "*śərāpūhā*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'they will burn it'", "*bātîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'houses'", "*qiṭṭərû*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they offered incense/burned offerings'", "*gaggôtêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their roofs'", "*baʿal*": "proper noun - 'Baal'", "*hissikû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they poured out'", "*nəsākîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'drink offerings'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'gods'", "*həmaʿan*": "preposition + substantive - 'for the purpose of'", "*hakəʿisēnî*": "Hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - 'to provoke me'" }, "variants": { "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians", "*qiṭṭērû*": "burned offerings/offered sacrifices/burned incense", "*baʿal*": "Baal (deity)/master/lord", "*nəsākîm*": "drink offerings/libations", "*hakəʿisēnî*": "to provoke me to anger/to offend me/to vex me" } }
• Mal 1:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Malachi.1.11", "source": "כִּ֣י מִמִּזְרַח־שֶׁ֜מֶשׁ וְעַד־מְבוֹא֗וֹ גָּד֤וֹל שְׁמִי֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם וּבְכָל־מָק֗וֹם מֻקְטָ֥ר מֻגָּ֛שׁ לִשְׁמִ֖י וּמִנְחָ֣ה טְהוֹרָ֑ה כִּֽי־גָד֤וֹל שְׁמִי֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "*kî* *mimmizraḥ*-*šemeš* *wəʿaḏ*-*məḇôʾô* *gāḏôl* *šəmî* *baggôyim* *ûḇəḵāl*-*māqôm* *muqṭār* *muggāš* *lišmî* *ûminḥāh* *ṭəhôrāh* *kî*-*ḡāḏôl* *šəmî* *baggôyim* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*mimmizraḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from rising of", "*šemeš*": "noun, common singular - sun", "*wəʿaḏ*": "conjunction + preposition - and to/until", "*məḇôʾô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its setting", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*baggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - among the nations", "*ûḇəḵāl*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and in every", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*muqṭār*": "participle, Hophal masculine singular - incense is offered", "*muggāš*": "participle, Hophal masculine singular - is presented/brought", "*lišmî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - to my name", "*ûminḥāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and offering", "*ṭəhôrāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - pure/clean", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḡāḏôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*baggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - among the nations", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*mimmizraḥ*-*šemeš* *wəʿaḏ*-*məḇôʾô*": "from the rising of the sun to its setting/from east to west", "*muqṭār*": "incense is offered/incense is burned/incense is presented", "*muggāš*": "is brought/is presented/is offered", "*ṭəhôrāh*": "pure/clean/undefiled", "*gāḏôl* *šəmî* *baggôyim*": "great is my name among the nations/my name is great among the Gentiles" } }