Galatians 4:16

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Galatians.4.16", "source": "Ὥστε ἐχθρὸς ὑμῶν γέγονα, ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν;", "text": "So *echthros* of you I have *gegona*, *alētheuōn* to you?", "grammar": { "*echthros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - enemy/hostile person", "*gegona*": "perfect active indicative, 1st person singular - I have become", "*alētheuōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - speaking truth" }, "variants": { "*echthros*": "enemy/hostile person/opponent", "*gegona*": "I have become/turned into", "*alētheuōn*": "speaking truth/telling the truth/being truthful" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ὥστε ἐχθρὸς ὑμῶν γέγονα, ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν;

Transliteration

So echthros of you I have gegona, alētheuōn to you?

Grammar Details

• *echthros*: nominative, masculine, singular - enemy/hostile person
• *gegona*: perfect active indicative, 1st person singular - I have become
• *alētheuōn*: present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - speaking truth

Word Meanings

• *echthros*: enemy/hostile person/opponent
• *gegona*: I have become/turned into
• *alētheuōn*: speaking truth/telling the truth/being truthful

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  So now, have I become your enemy because I am telling you the truth?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Have I therefore become your enemy because I tell you the truth?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  So then am I become your enemy, by telling you the truth?

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Am I therfore become youre enemie because I tell you the truth?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Am I therfore become yor enemy, because I tell you ye trueth?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Am I therefore become your enemie, because I tell you the trueth?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Am I therfore become your enemie, because I tell you the trueth?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  So then, have I become your enemy by telling you the truth?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  so that your enemy have I become, being true to you?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  So then am I become your enemy, by telling you the truth?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  So then am I become your enemy, by telling you the truth?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  So then am I no longer your friend, because I give you true words?

• World English Bible (2000)

  So then, have I become your enemy by telling you the truth?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So then, have I become your enemy by telling you the truth?

Referenced Verses

• Amos 5:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Amos.5.10", "source": "שָׂנְא֥וּ בַשַּׁ֖עַר מוֹכִ֑יחַ וְדֹבֵ֥ר תָּמִ֖ים יְתָעֵֽבוּ׃", "text": "*Śānəʾû* *ba-shaʿar* *môkhîaḥ* and-*dōbēr* *tāmîm* *yətāʿēbû*", "grammar": { "*Śānəʾû*": "perfect, qal, 3rd common plural - they hate", "*ba-shaʿar*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the gate", "*môkhîaḥ*": "participle, hiphil, masculine singular - one rebuking/reproving", "*dōbēr*": "participle, qal, masculine singular - one speaking", "*tāmîm*": "adjective, masculine singular - complete/whole/perfect/blameless", "*yətāʿēbû*": "imperfect, piel, 3rd masculine plural - they abhor/detest" }, "variants": { "*Śānəʾû*": "hate/detest", "*shaʿar*": "gate/city entrance (place of judgment)", "*môkhîaḥ*": "one who rebukes/reprover/arguer/judge", "*dōbēr*": "speaker/one who speaks", "*tāmîm*": "complete/perfect/blameless/honest", "*yətāʿēbû*": "abhor/detest/treat as abomination" } }
• John 7:7 : 7 { "verseID": "John.7.7", "source": "Οὐ δύναται ὁ κόσμος μισεῖν ὑμᾶς· ἐμὲ δὲ μισεῖ, ὅτι ἐγὼ μαρτυρῶ περὶ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ πονηρά ἐστιν.", "text": "Not *dynatai* the *kosmos misein* you; *eme de misei*, because *egō martyrō peri* it, that the *erga* its *ponēra estin*.", "grammar": { "*dynatai*": "present middle/passive, 3rd singular - is able/can", "*kosmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - world", "*misein*": "present infinitive - to hate", "*eme*": "accusative, 1st singular - me", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*misei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - hates", "*egō*": "nominative, 1st singular - I", "*martyrō*": "present indicative, 1st singular - testify/witness", "*peri*": "preposition + genitive - concerning/about", "*erga*": "nominative, neuter, plural - works/deeds", "*ponēra*": "nominative, neuter, plural - evil/wicked", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is/are" }, "variants": { "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*kosmos*": "world/universe/ordered system", "*misein*": "to hate/detest", "*misei*": "hates/detests", "*martyrō*": "testify/bear witness/give evidence", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions", "*ponēra*": "evil/wicked/worthless/harmful" } }
• Ps 141:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.141.5", "source": "יֶֽהֶלְמֵֽנִי־צַדִּ֨יק ׀ חֶ֡סֶד וְֽיוֹכִיחֵ֗נִי שֶׁ֣מֶן רֹ֭אשׁ אַל־יָנִ֣י רֹאשִׁ֑י כִּי־ע֥וֹד ו֝תְפִלָּתִ֗י בְּרָעוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*Yehelmēnî*-*ṣaddîq* *ḥesed* *wəyôkîḥēnî* [and let him rebuke me]; *šemen* *rō'š* not-*yānî* *rō'šî* [my head]; for-still *ûtəpillātî* [and my prayer] in-*rā'ôtêhem* [their evils].", "grammar": { "*Yehelmēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he will strike me", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous/just", "*ḥesed*": "noun, masculine singular - kindness/lovingkindness", "*wəyôkîḥēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix with waw consecutive - and let him rebuke me", "*šemen*": "noun, masculine singular construct - oil", "*rō'š*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief/top", "*yānî*": "verb, hiphil jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let it refuse/deny", "*rō'šî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my head", "*ûtəpillātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix with waw conjunction - and my prayer", "*rā'ôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their evils/calamities" }, "variants": { "*Yehelmēnî*": "let him strike me/let him wound me", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous one/just person", "*ḥesed*": "kindness/lovingkindness/mercy/favor", "*wəyôkîḥēnî*": "and let him rebuke me/and let him correct me", "*šemen*": "oil/fat/richness", "*rō'š*": "head/chief/top/choice oil", "*yānî*": "let it refuse/let it deny/let it break", "*rā'ôtêhem*": "their evils/their calamities/their wickedness" } }
• Prov 9:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Proverbs.9.8", "source": "אַל־תּ֣וֹכַח לֵ֭ץ פֶּן־יִשְׂנָאֶ֑ךָּ הוֹכַ֥ח לְ֝חָכָ֗ם וְיֶאֱהָבֶֽךָּ׃", "text": "*ʾal-tôkaḥ* *lēṣ* *pen-yiśnāʾekā* *hôkaḥ* *lḥākām* *wyeʾĕhābekā*", "grammar": { "*ʾal-tôkaḥ*": "negative particle with Hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - do not reprove", "*lēṣ*": "masculine noun - scoffer/mocker", "*pen-yiśnāʾekā*": "conjunction with Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - lest he hate you", "*hôkaḥ*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - reprove", "*lḥākām*": "preposition with masculine adjective - to a wise person", "*wyeʾĕhābekā*": "conjunction with Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and he will love you" }, "variants": { "*tôkaḥ*": "reprove/rebuke/correct", "*lēṣ*": "scoffer/mocker/scorner", "*yiśnāʾekā*": "he will hate/despise you", "*hôkaḥ*": "reprove/rebuke/correct", "*ḥākām*": "wise person/sage/one skilled in wisdom", "*yeʾĕhābekā*": "he will love/appreciate you" } }
• Gal 2:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.5", "source": "Οἷς οὐδὲ, πρὸς ὥραν, εἴξαμεν τῇ ὑποταγῇ· ἵνα ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ εὐαγγελίου διαμείνῃ πρὸς ὑμᾶς.", "text": "To whom *oude*, *pros hōran*, we *eixamen* in *hypotagē*; *hina* the *alētheia* of the *euangeliou* might *diameinē pros* you.", "grammar": { "*hois*": "relative pronoun, dative, masculine, plural - to whom", "*oude*": "negative particle - not even/not at all", "*pros hōran*": "preposition + accusative, feminine, singular - for an hour/for a moment", "*eixamen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person plural - we yielded/gave way", "*tē hypotagē*": "dative, feminine, singular - in submission/subjection", "*hina*": "conjunction - in order that/so that", "*hē alētheia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the truth", "*tou euangeliou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of the gospel", "*diameinē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might remain/continue", "*pros hymas*": "preposition + accusative, 2nd person plural - with you/toward you" }, "variants": { "*eixamen*": "yielded/gave way/submitted", "*hypotagē*": "subjection/submission/obedience", "*diameinē*": "might continue/might remain/might abide permanently", "*pros hymas*": "with you/among you/toward you" } }
• Gal 5:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Galatians.5.7", "source": "Ἐτρέχετε καλῶς· τίς ὑμᾶς ἀνέκοψεν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ μὴ πείθεσθαι;", "text": "You were *etrechete kalōs*; who you *anekopsen tē alētheia mē peithesthai*?", "grammar": { "*etrechete*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - were running/progressing", "*kalōs*": "adverb - well/nobly/excellently", "*anekopsen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - hindered/prevented/cut in on", "*tē alētheia*": "dative, feminine, singular - by/with the truth", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*peithesthai*": "present, middle, infinitive - to obey/be persuaded by/trust" }, "variants": { "*etrechete*": "were running/progressing/advancing", "*kalōs*": "well/nobly/excellently", "*anekopsen*": "hindered/prevented/cut in on/impeded", "*alētheia*": "truth/reality/genuineness", "*peithesthai*": "to obey/be persuaded by/trust/follow" } }
• John 8:45 : 45 { "verseID": "John.8.45", "source": "Ἐγὼ δὲ ὅτι τὴν ἀλήθειαν λέγω, οὐ πιστεύετέ μοι.", "text": "*Egō de* because the *alētheian legō*, not *pisteuete moi*.", "grammar": { "*Egō*": "nominative, singular - I", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*alētheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - truth", "*legō*": "present indicative, 1st singular - I speak/say", "*pisteuete*": "present indicative, 2nd plural - you believe", "*moi*": "dative, singular - to me" }, "variants": { "*de*": "but/and/now [contrastive particle]", "*legō*": "speak/say/tell" } }
• 1 Kgs 21:20 : 20 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַחְאָב֙ אֶל־אֵ֣לִיָּ֔הוּ הַֽמְצָאתַ֖נִי אֹיְבִ֑י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מָצָ֔אתִי יַ֚עַן הִתְמַכֶּרְךָ֔ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾaḥʾāb* to-*ʾēlîyāhû*, have-you-found-me, my-*ʾōyəbî*? *wa-yōʾmer*, I-have-found-you, because *hitmakerəkā* to-do the-*raʿ* in-*ʿênê* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he said", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper name, masculine - Ahab", "*ʾēlîyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Elijah", "*hamṣāʾtanî*": "perfect, 2nd singular masculine, Qal + interrogative prefix + 1st person singular suffix - have you found me", "*ʾōyəbî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my enemy", "*māṣāʾtî*": "perfect, 1st singular, Qal - I have found", "*hitmakerəkā*": "infinitive construct, Hithpael + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your selling yourself", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*ʾōyəbî*": "my enemy/my adversary", "*hitmakerəkā*": "your selling yourself/your devoting yourself", "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/bad", "*bəʿênê YHWH*": "in the eyes of YHWH/in the sight of the LORD" } }
• 1 Kgs 22:8 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל ׀ אֶֽל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֡ט ע֣וֹד אִישׁ־אֶחָ֡ד לִדְרֹשׁ֩ אֶת־יְהוָ֨ה מֵאֹת֜וֹ וַאֲנִ֣י שְׂנֵאתִ֗יו כִּ֠י לֹֽא־יִתְנַבֵּ֨א עָלַ֥י טוֹב֙ כִּ֣י אִם־רָ֔ע מִיכָ֖יְהוּ בֶּן־יִמְלָ֑ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔ט אַל־יֹאמַ֥ר הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ כֵּֽן׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *meleḵ*-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʾel*-*yəhôšāp̄āṭ* *ʿôḏ* *ʾîš*-*ʾeḥāḏ* *li-ḏrōš* *ʾeṯ*-*YHWH* *mē-ʾōṯô* *wa-ʾănî* *śənēʾṯîw* *kî* *lōʾ*-*yiṯnabbēʾ* *ʿālay* *ṭôḇ* *kî* *ʾim*-*rāʿ* *mîḵāyəhû* *ben*-*yimlâ* *wa-yōʾmer* *yəhôšāp̄āṭ* *ʾal*-*yōʾmar* *ha-meleḵ* *kēn*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - still/yet", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "cardinal number - one", "*li-ḏrōš*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to inquire of", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*mē-ʾōṯô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from him", "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular personal pronoun - and I", "*śənēʾṯîw*": "qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I hate him", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiṯnabbēʾ*": "hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he prophesies", "*ʿālay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - concerning me", "*ṭôḇ*": "masculine singular adjective - good", "*kî*": "conjunction - but", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/but", "*rāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - evil/bad", "*mîḵāyəhû*": "proper noun - Micaiah", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct noun - son of", "*yimlâ*": "proper noun - Imlah", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*yōʾmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let him say", "*ha-meleḵ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus" }, "variants": { "*śənēʾṯîw*": "I hate him/I have hated him" } }
• 1 Kgs 22:27 : 27 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.27", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ שִׂ֥ימוּ אֶת־זֶ֖ה בֵּ֣ית הַכֶּ֑לֶא וְהַאֲכִילֻ֨הוּ לֶ֤חֶם לַ֙חַץ֙ וּמַ֣יִם לַ֔חַץ עַ֖ד בֹּאִ֥י בְשָׁלֽוֹם׃", "text": "*wə-ʾāmartā*, thus *ʾāmar* the-*melek*: *śîmû ʾet*-this in-*bêt* the-*keleʾ* and-*haʾăk̄îluhû leḥem laḥaṣ* and-*mayim laḥaṣ* until *bōʾî b̄ə-šālôm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "waw conjunctive + qal perfect 2ms - and you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he said", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*śîmû*": "qal imperative mp - put", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*keleʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the prison", "*haʾăk̄îluhû*": "hiphil imperative mp + 3ms suffix - feed him", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread", "*laḥaṣ*": "masculine singular noun - affliction/distress", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - water", "*bōʾî*": "qal infinitive construct + 1cs suffix - my coming", "*b̄ə-šālôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in peace" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartā*": "you shall say/tell/speak", "*śîmû*": "put/place/set", "*keleʾ*": "prison/confinement/restraint", "*haʾăk̄îluhû*": "feed him/make him eat", "*leḥem*": "bread/food", "*laḥaṣ*": "affliction/distress/oppression", "*mayim*": "water/liquid", "*bōʾî*": "my coming/arrival/return", "*šālôm*": "peace/safety/welfare/prosperity" } }
• 2 Chr 24:20-22 : 20 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.24.20", "source": "וְר֣וּחַ אֱלֹהִ֗ים לָֽבְשָׁה֙ אֶת־זְכַרְיָה֙ בֶּן־יְהוֹיָדָ֣ע הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖ד מֵעַ֣ל לָעָ֑ם וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָהֶ֜ם כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים לָמָה֩ אַתֶּ֨ם עֹבְרִ֜ים אֶת־מִצְוֺ֤ת יְהוָה֙ וְלֹ֣א תַצְלִ֔יחוּ כִּֽי־עֲזַבְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה וַיַּֽעֲזֹ֥ב אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*ruah* *ʾElohim* *laveshah* *ʾet*-*Zekharyah* *ben*-*Yehoyada* the-*kohen* and-*yaʿamod* from-above to-the-*ʿam* and-*yomer* to-them thus *ʾamar* the-*ʾElohim* why you *ʿoverim* *ʾet*-*mitsvot* *YHWH* and-not *tatslihu* for-*ʿazavtem* *ʾet*-*YHWH* and-*yaʿazov* you", "grammar": { "*ruah*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*ʾElohim*": "divine name - God", "*laveshah*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - clothed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Zekharyah*": "proper name - Zechariah", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Yehoyada*": "proper name - Jehoiada", "*kohen*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the priest", "*yaʿamod*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he stood", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*yomer*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾamar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*ʾElohim*": "divine name with definite article - the God", "*ʿoverim*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - transgressing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mitsvot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - commandments of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*tatslihu*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will succeed/prosper", "*ʿazavtem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have forsaken", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*yaʿazov*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he has forsaken" }, "variants": { "*ruah* *ʾElohim* *laveshah*": "Spirit of God clothed/came upon/filled", "*yaʿamod* from-above to-the-*ʿam*": "stood above the people/stood in an elevated place", "*ʿoverim*": "transgressing/violating/crossing over", "*tatslihu*": "succeed/prosper/thrive", "*ʿazavtem*": "forsaken/abandoned/left" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.24.21", "source": "וַיִּקְשְׁר֣וּ עָלָ֔יו וַיִּרְגְּמֻ֥הוּ אֶ֖בֶן בְּמִצְוַ֣ת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ בַּחֲצַ֖ר בֵּ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*yiqsheru* upon-him and-*yirgemuhu* *ʾeven* in-*mitsvat* the-*melekh* in-*hatsar* *beyt* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*yiqsheru*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they conspired", "*yirgemuhu*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they stoned him", "*ʾeven*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*mitsvat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - command of", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*hatsar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - court of", "*beyt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*yiqsheru*": "conspired/plotted/made a conspiracy", "*yirgemuhu* *ʾeven*": "stoned him with stones", "*hatsar*": "court/courtyard" } } 22 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.24.22", "source": "וְלֹא־זָכַ֞ר יוֹאָ֣שׁ הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ הַחֶ֙סֶד֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה יְהוֹיָדָ֤ע אָבִיו֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וַֽיַּהֲרֹ֖ג אֶת־בְּנ֑וֹ וּכְמוֹת֣וֹ אָמַ֔ר יֵ֥רֶא יְהוָ֖ה וְיִדְרֹֽשׁ׃", "text": "And-not-*zakhar* *Yoʾash* the-*melekh* the-*hesed* which *ʿasah* *Yehoyada* *ʾaviv* with-him and-*yaharog* *ʾet*-*beno* and-at-*moto* *ʾamar* *yereʾ* *YHWH* and-*yidrosh*", "grammar": { "*zakhar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he remembered", "*Yoʾash*": "proper name - Joash", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*hesed*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the kindness/loyalty", "*ʿasah*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he did/showed", "*Yehoyada*": "proper name - Jehoiada", "*ʾaviv*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his father", "*yaharog*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he killed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*beno*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son", "*moto*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his dying", "*ʾamar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*yereʾ*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - may he see", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*yidrosh*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - may he require/seek" }, "variants": { "*hesed*": "kindness/loyalty/faithfulness", "*ʾaviv*": "his father (metaphorical)/mentor/benefactor", "*yereʾ* *YHWH* and-*yidrosh*": "may the LORD see and require/avenge/seek justice" } }
• 2 Chr 25:16 : 16 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.25.16", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בְּדַבְּר֣וֹ אֵלָ֗יו וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ הַלְיוֹעֵ֤ץ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ נְתַנּ֔וּךָ חֲדַל־לְךָ֖ לָ֣מָּה יַכּ֑וּךָ וַיֶּחְדַּ֣ל הַנָּבִ֗יא וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּֽי־יָעַ֤ץ אֱלֹהִים֙ לְהַשְׁחִיתֶ֔ךָ כִּֽי־עָשִׂ֣יתָ זֹּ֔את וְלֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖עְתָּ לַעֲצָתִֽי׃ פ", "text": "And *wa-yəhî* in-*bədabbərô* to-him, and *wa-yōʾmer* to-him, *ha-ləyôʿēṣ* to-the-*lammelek* *nətannûḵā*? *ḥădal*-to-you, *lāmmâ* *yakkûḵā*? And *wa-yeḥdal* the-*hannābîʾ*, and *wa-yōʾmer*, *yādaʿtî* that-*kî-yāʿaṣ* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*ləhašḥîteḵā*, because-*kî-ʿāśîtā* *zōʾt*, and-*wəlōʾ* *šāmaʿtā* to-*laʿăṣātî*. *p*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*bədabbərô*": "preposition bet with piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his speaking", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ha-ləyôʿēṣ*": "interrogative he with preposition lamed and qal participle, masculine singular - have (you been made) as a counselor", "*lammelek*": "preposition lamed with definite article and noun, masculine singular - to the king", "*nətannûḵā*": "qal perfect, 1st common plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - we gave/appointed you", "*ḥădal*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - stop/cease/desist", "*lāmmâ*": "interrogative - why", "*yakkûḵā*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - they will strike you", "*wa-yeḥdal*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stopped", "*hannābîʾ*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the prophet", "*yādaʿtî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I know", "*kî-yāʿaṣ*": "conjunction with qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - that he has counseled/decided", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*ləhašḥîteḵā*": "preposition lamed with hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to destroy you", "*kî-ʿāśîtā*": "conjunction with qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - because you have done", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*šāmaʿtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have listened", "*laʿăṣātî*": "preposition lamed with noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - to my counsel", "*p*": "paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*ḥădal*": "cease/stop/refrain", "*yakkûḵā*": "strike/smite/kill you", "*yāʿaṣ*": "counseled/decided/determined", "*ləhašḥîteḵā*": "to destroy/ruin/corrupt you" } }
• 1 Kgs 18:17-18 : 17 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.17", "source": "וַיְהִ֛י כִּרְא֥וֹת אַחְאָ֖ב אֶת־אֵלִיָּ֑הוּ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַחְאָב֙ אֵלָ֔יו הַאַתָּ֥ה זֶ֖ה עֹכֵ֥ר יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* as *kirʾôt* *ʾaḥʾāb* *ʾet*-*ʾēliyyāhû* *wə-yōʾmer* *ʾaḥʾāb* to-him *haʾattâ* *zeh* *ʿōkēr* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "conjunction + narrative imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*kirʾôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct of *rāʾâ* - when seeing/as seeing", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine - Ahab", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēliyyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine - Elijah", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + narrative imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said", "*haʾattâ*": "interrogative particle + personal pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - [is] you", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ʿōkēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular of *ʿākar* - troubler/disturber", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass/and it was", "*ʿōkēr*": "troubler/disturber/one who brings calamity", "*kirʾôt*": "when seeing/as soon as saw/upon seeing" } } 18 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.18", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לֹ֤א עָכַ֙רְתִּי֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֥י אִם־אַתָּ֖ה וּבֵ֣ית אָבִ֑יךָ בַּֽעַזָבְכֶם֙ אֶת־מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרֵ֥י הַבְּעָלִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *lōʾ* *ʿākarti* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl* *kî* *ʾim*-*ʾattâ* *û-bêt* *ʾābîkā* *bə-ʿăzābkem* *ʾet*-*miṣwōt* *YHWH* *wə-tēlek* *ʾaḥărê* the-*bəʿālîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + narrative imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿākarti*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular of *ʿākar* - I have troubled", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Israel", "*kî* *ʾim*": "conjunction construct - but rather/except", "*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*û-bêt*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and house of", "*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father", "*bə-ʿăzābkem*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct of *ʿāzab* + 2nd masculine plural suffix - in your forsaking", "*miṣwōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - commandments of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*wə-tēlek*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular of *hālak* - and you went", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ha-bəʿālîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the Baals" }, "variants": { "*ʿākarti*": "troubled/disturbed/brought calamity upon", "*ʿăzābkem*": "forsaking/abandoning/leaving", "*bəʿālîm*": "Baals/lords/masters (pagan deities)" } }
• Gal 2:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.14", "source": "Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, εἶπον τῷ Πέτρῳ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων, Εἰ σὺ, Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων, Ἐθνικῶς ζῇς, καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς, τί τὰ Ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν;", "text": "But when I *eidon* that they *ouk orthopodousin pros* the *alētheian* of the *euangeliou*, I *eipon* to *Petrō emprosthen pantōn*, If you, *Ioudaios hyparchōn*, *Ethnikōs zēs*, and not *Ioudaikōs*, why the *Ethnē* do you *anankazeis Ioudaizein*?", "grammar": { "*all' hote*": "conjunction + conjunction - but when", "*eidon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I saw", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*ouk orthopodousin*": "negative + present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are not walking straight", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - according to/toward", "*tēn alētheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the truth", "*tou euangeliou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of the gospel", "*eipon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I said", "*tō Petrō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Peter", "*emprosthen pantōn*": "preposition + genitive, neuter, plural - before all/in the presence of all", "*ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*sy*": "nominative, 2nd person singular - you", "*Ioudaios hyparchōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular + present, active, participle - being a Jew", "*Ethnikōs*": "adverb - like a Gentile/in Gentile manner", "*zēs*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you live", "*kai ouk*": "conjunction + negative - and not", "*Ioudaikōs*": "adverb - Jewishly/in Jewish manner", "*ti*": "interrogative pronoun - why", "*ta Ethnē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the Gentiles", "*anankazeis*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you compel", "*Ioudaizein*": "present, active, infinitive - to live as Jews/to Judaize" }, "variants": { "*orthopodousin*": "walk straight/walk uprightly/conduct properly", "*Ioudaios hyparchōn*": "being a Jew/existing as a Jew/though you are a Jew", "*Ethnikōs zēs*": "live like a Gentile/follow Gentile customs/live in Gentile way", "*anankazeis*": "compel/force/require", "*Ioudaizein*": "to Judaize/to live as Jews/to follow Jewish customs" } }
• Gal 3:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.1", "source": "¶Ὦ ἀνόητοι Γαλάται, τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν, τῇ ἀληθείᾳ μὴ πείθεσθαι, οἷς κατʼ ὀφθαλμοὺς Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς προεγράφη, ἐν ὑμῖν ἐσταυρωμένος;", "text": "O *anoētoi* *Galatai*, who you *ebaskanen*, the *alētheia* not to *peithesthai*, before whose *ophthalmous* *Iēsous* *Christos* was *proegraphē*, among you having been *estaurōmenos*?", "grammar": { "*anoētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - foolish/unthinking", "*Galatai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Galatians", "*ebaskanen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - bewitched/fascinated/cast evil eye upon", "*alētheia*": "dative, feminine, singular - truth", "*peithesthai*": "present, middle/passive, infinitive - to obey/be persuaded", "*ophthalmous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - eyes", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Christos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*proegraphē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - was portrayed/publicly displayed/written beforehand", "*estaurōmenos*": "perfect, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been crucified" }, "variants": { "*anoētoi*": "foolish/senseless/unthinking", "*ebaskanen*": "bewitched/cast an evil eye upon/charmed/fascinated", "*peithesthai*": "to obey/be persuaded/trust/comply with", "*proegraphē*": "was portrayed publicly/was placarded/was written beforehand", "*estaurōmenos*": "crucified/executed on a cross" } } 2 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.2", "source": "Τοῦτο μόνον θέλω μαθεῖν ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, ἐξ ἔργων νόμου τὸ Πνεῦμα ἐλάβετε, ἢ ἐξ ἀκοῆς πίστεως;", "text": "This *monon* I *thelō* *mathein* from you, out of *ergōn* of *nomou* the *Pneuma* you *elabete*, or out of *akoēs* of *pisteōs*?", "grammar": { "*monon*": "adverb - only/alone", "*thelō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person, singular - I wish/desire/want", "*mathein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to learn", "*ergōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - works/deeds", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - law", "*Pneuma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*elabete*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person, plural - you received", "*akoēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - hearing/message heard", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - faith/belief/trust" }, "variants": { "*mathein*": "to learn/understand/come to know", "*ergōn*": "works/deeds/actions", "*nomou*": "law/legal system/Torah", "*Pneuma*": "Spirit/spirit/breath", "*akoēs*": "hearing/message heard/report", "*pisteōs*": "faith/belief/trust/faithfulness" } } 3 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.3", "source": "Οὕτως ἀνόητοί ἐστε; ἐναρξάμενοι Πνεύματι, νῦν σαρκὶ ἐπιτελεῖσθε;", "text": "So *anoētoi* are you? Having *enarxamenoi* in *Pneumati*, now in *sarki* are you *epiteleisthe*?", "grammar": { "*anoētoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - foolish/unthinking", "*enarxamenoi*": "aorist, middle, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having begun", "*Pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - Spirit/by the Spirit", "*sarki*": "dative, feminine, singular - flesh/by the flesh", "*epiteleisthe*": "present, passive, indicative, 2nd person, plural - you are being completed/perfected/brought to completion" }, "variants": { "*anoētoi*": "foolish/senseless/unthinking", "*enarxamenoi*": "having begun/commenced/started", "*Pneumati*": "Spirit/spirit/spiritual means", "*sarki*": "flesh/human effort/physical means", "*epiteleisthe*": "being completed/perfected/finished/brought to maturity" } } 4 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.4", "source": "Τοσαῦτα ἐπάθετε εἰκῇ; εἴ γε καὶ εἰκῇ.", "text": "So many things you *epathete* *eikē*? If indeed also *eikē*.", "grammar": { "*epathete*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person, plural - you suffered/experienced", "*eikē*": "adverb - in vain/without purpose/to no effect" }, "variants": { "*epathete*": "suffered/experienced/endured/underwent", "*eikē*": "in vain/without purpose/to no effect/for nothing" } }