Jer 50:21-29 : 21 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.21",
"source": "עַל־הָאָ֤רֶץ מְרָתַ֙יִם֙ עֲלֵ֣ה עָלֶ֔יהָ וְאֶל־יוֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּק֑וֹד חֲרֹ֨ב וְהַחֲרֵ֤ם אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וַעֲשֵׂ֕ה כְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּיתִֽיךָ׃ ס",
"text": "Against the *ʾarets* *məratayim* *ʿaleh* against her and against *yoshvey* *pəqod* *ḥarov* and *haḥarem* after them *nəʾum*-*YHWH* and *ʿaseh* according to all which *tsivviticha*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾarets*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the land",
"*məratayim*": "proper noun/place name - Merathaim",
"*ʿaleh*": "imperative, masculine singular - go up",
"*yoshvey*": "participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*pəqod*": "proper noun/place name - Pekod",
"*ḥarov*": "imperative, masculine singular - destroy/slay",
"*haḥarem*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular - utterly destroy/devote to destruction",
"*nəʾum*": "construct noun - declaration of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʿaseh*": "imperative, masculine singular - do",
"*tsivviticha*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have commanded you"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾarets*": "land/earth/territory",
"*məratayim*": "Double Rebellion/Double Bitterness (symbolic name for Babylon)",
"*ʿaleh*": "go up/ascend/attack",
"*pəqod*": "Visitation/Punishment (symbolic name for Babylonian region)",
"*ḥarov*": "destroy/slay/waste",
"*haḥarem*": "utterly destroy/ban/devote to destruction",
"*ʿaseh*": "do/perform/accomplish"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.22",
"source": "ק֥וֹל מִלְחָמָ֖ה בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְשֶׁ֖בֶר גָּדֽוֹל׃",
"text": "*qol* *milḥamah* in the *ʾarets* and *shever* *gadol*.",
"grammar": {
"*qol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of",
"*milḥamah*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle",
"*ʾarets*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the land",
"*shever*": "noun, masculine singular - breaking/destruction",
"*gadol*": "adjective, masculine singular - great"
},
"variants": {
"*qol*": "sound/noise/voice",
"*milḥamah*": "war/battle/fighting",
"*shever*": "breaking/destruction/fracture/ruin",
"*gadol*": "great/large/mighty"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.23",
"source": "אֵ֤יךְ נִגְדַּע֙ וַיִּשָּׁבֵ֔ר פַּטִּ֖ישׁ כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ אֵ֣יךְ הָיְתָ֧ה לְשַׁמָּ֛ה בָּבֶ֖ל בַּגּוֹיִֽם׃",
"text": "How *nigdaʿ* and *yishshaver* *pattish* all the *ʾarets*! How *haytah* *lə-shammah* *bavel* among the *goyim*!",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeykh*": "interrogative adverb - how",
"*nigdaʿ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it has been cut down/hewn down",
"*yishshaver*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it has been broken",
"*pattish*": "noun, masculine singular - hammer",
"*ʾarets*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the land/earth",
"*haytah*": "perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she has become",
"*lə-shammah*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to desolation/horror",
"*bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*goyim*": "noun, masculine plural + definite article - the nations"
},
"variants": {
"*nigdaʿ*": "cut down/hewn down/chopped off",
"*yishshaver*": "broken/shattered/destroyed",
"*pattish*": "hammer/mallet (metaphor for Babylon as conqueror)",
"*shammah*": "desolation/horror/waste/object of horror",
"*goyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.24",
"source": "יָקֹ֨שְׁתִּי לָ֤ךְ וְגַם־נִלְכַּדְתְּ֙ בָּבֶ֔ל וְאַ֖תְּ לֹ֣א יָדָ֑עַתְּ נִמְצֵאת֙ וְגַם־נִתְפַּ֔שְׂתְּ כִּ֥י בַֽיהוָ֖ה הִתְגָּרִֽית׃",
"text": "*yaqoshti* for you and also *nilkadt* *bavel* and you not *yadaʿat* *nimtset* and also *nitpast* for against *YHWH* *hitgarit*.",
"grammar": {
"*yaqoshti*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have set a snare",
"*nilkadt*": "Niphal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you have been caught/trapped",
"*bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*yadaʿat*": "perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you knew",
"*nimtset*": "Niphal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you have been found",
"*nitpast*": "Niphal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you have been seized",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*hitgarit*": "Hithpael perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you have engaged in strife"
},
"variants": {
"*yaqoshti*": "I have set a snare/trap/laid a snare",
"*nilkadt*": "you have been caught/trapped/captured",
"*yadaʿat*": "you knew/perceived/realized",
"*nimtset*": "you have been found/discovered",
"*nitpast*": "you have been seized/captured/taken",
"*hitgarit*": "you have provoked/contended with/engaged in strife with"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.25",
"source": "פָּתַ֤ח יְהוָה֙ אֶת־א֣וֹצָר֔וֹ וַיּוֹצֵ֖א אֶת־כְּלֵ֣י זַעְמ֑וֹ כִּי־מְלָאכָ֣ה הִ֗יא לַֽאדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה צְבָא֖וֹת בְּאֶ֥רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּֽים׃",
"text": "*pataḥ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*ʾotsaro* and *yotseʾ* *ʾet*-*kəley* *zaʿmo* for *məlaʾkhah* she for *ʾadonay* *YHWH* *tsevaʾot* in *ʾerets* *kasdim*.",
"grammar": {
"*pataḥ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has opened",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾotsaro*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his storehouse/treasury",
"*yotseʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he brought out",
"*kəley*": "noun, masculine plural construct - instruments/weapons of",
"*zaʿmo*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his indignation",
"*məlaʾkhah*": "noun, feminine singular - work/task",
"*ʾadonay*": "divine title - Lord/Master",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*tsevaʾot*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies",
"*ʾerets*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*kasdim*": "proper noun - Chaldeans"
},
"variants": {
"*pataḥ*": "opened/unlocked/released",
"*ʾotsaro*": "his storehouse/treasury/armory",
"*yotseʾ*": "brought out/produced/brought forth",
"*kəley*": "instruments/weapons/implements",
"*zaʿmo*": "his indignation/wrath/anger",
"*məlaʾkhah*": "work/task/business/deed",
"*kasdim*": "Chaldeans (people of Babylonia)"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.26",
"source": "בֹּֽאוּ־לָ֤הּ מִקֵּץ֙ פִּתְח֣וּ מַאֲבֻסֶ֔יהָ סָלּ֥וּהָ כְמוֹ־עֲרֵמִ֖ים וְהַחֲרִימ֑וּהָ אַל־תְּהִי־לָ֖הּ שְׁאֵרִֽית׃",
"text": "*boʾu*-to her from *qets* *pitḥu* *maʾavuseha* *salluha* like-*ʿaremim* and *haḥarimuha* not *təhi*-to her *shəʾerit*.",
"grammar": {
"*boʾu*": "imperative, masculine plural - come",
"*qets*": "noun, masculine singular - end/extremity",
"*pitḥu*": "imperative, masculine plural - open",
"*maʾavuseha*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her granaries/storehouses",
"*salluha*": "imperative, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - pile her up",
"*ʿaremim*": "noun, masculine plural - heaps",
"*haḥarimuha*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - utterly destroy her",
"*təhi*": "jussive, 3rd person feminine singular - let there be",
"*shəʾerit*": "noun, feminine singular - remnant/remainder"
},
"variants": {
"*boʾu*": "come/enter/arrive",
"*qets*": "end/extremity/furthest border",
"*pitḥu*": "open/unlock/release",
"*maʾavuseha*": "her granaries/storehouses/barns",
"*salluha*": "pile her up/heap her up",
"*ʿaremim*": "heaps/piles/stacks",
"*haḥarimuha*": "utterly destroy her/devote her to destruction",
"*shəʾerit*": "remnant/remainder/survivor"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.27",
"source": "חִרְבוּ֙ כָּל־פָּרֶ֔יהָ יֵרְד֖וּ לַטָּ֑בַח ה֣וֹי עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־בָ֥א יוֹמָ֖ם עֵ֥ת פְּקֻדָּתָֽם׃ ס",
"text": "*ḥirvu* all-*pareha* *yerdu* to the *tabbaḥ* *hoy* upon them for *baʾ* *yomam* *ʿet* *pəquddatam*.",
"grammar": {
"*ḥirvu*": "imperative, masculine plural - slay/destroy",
"*pareha*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her bulls/leaders",
"*yerdu*": "imperative, masculine plural - let them go down",
"*tabbaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the slaughter",
"*hoy*": "interjection - woe/alas",
"*baʾ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has come",
"*yomam*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their day",
"*ʿet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of",
"*pəquddatam*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their visitation/punishment"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥirvu*": "slay/destroy/kill",
"*pareha*": "her bulls/young bulls/leaders (metaphorical for warriors or leaders)",
"*yerdu*": "go down/descend/be brought down",
"*tabbaḥ*": "slaughter/butchering",
"*hoy*": "woe/alas/ah (exclamation of distress)",
"*pəquddatam*": "their visitation/punishment/reckoning"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.28",
"source": "ק֥וֹל נָסִ֛ים וּפְלֵטִ֖ים מֵאֶ֣רֶץ בָּבֶ֑ל לְהַגִּ֣יד בְּצִיּ֗וֹן אֶת־נִקְמַת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ נִקְמַ֖ת הֵיכָלֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*qol* *nasim* and *pəletim* from *ʾerets* *bavel* to *haggid* in *tsiyyon* *ʾet*-*niqmat* *YHWH* *ʾeloheynu* *niqmat* *hekhalo*.",
"grammar": {
"*qol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of",
"*nasim*": "participle, masculine plural - fleeing ones",
"*pəletim*": "participle, masculine plural - escaping ones",
"*ʾerets*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*haggid*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to declare/tell",
"*tsiyyon*": "proper noun - Zion",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*niqmat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - vengeance of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾeloheynu*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person plural suffix - our God",
"*niqmat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - vengeance of",
"*hekhalo*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his temple"
},
"variants": {
"*qol*": "sound/voice/noise",
"*nasim*": "fleeing ones/fugitives",
"*pəletim*": "escaped ones/fugitives/survivors",
"*haggid*": "to declare/announce/proclaim",
"*niqmat*": "vengeance/retribution/revenge",
"*hekhalo*": "his temple/palace/sanctuary"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.50.29",
"source": "הַשְׁמִ֣יעוּ אֶל־בָּבֶ֣ל ׀ רַ֠בִּים כָּל־דֹּ֨רְכֵי קֶ֜שֶׁת חֲנ֧וּ עָלֶ֣יהָ סָבִ֗יב אַל־יְהִי־לָהּ֙ פְּלֵטָ֔ה שַׁלְּמוּ־לָ֣הּ כְּפָעֳלָ֔הּ כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשְׂתָ֖ה עֲשׂוּ־לָ֑הּ כִּ֧י אֶל־יְהוָ֛ה זָ֖דָה אֶל־קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "*hashmiʿu* to *bavel* *rabbim* all-*dorkhey* *qeshet* *ḥanu* against her *saviv* not *yəhi*-to her *pəletah* *shallemu*-to her according to *pŏʿolah* according to all which *ʿastah* *ʿasu*-to her for against *YHWH* *zadah* against *qədosh* *yisraʾel*.",
"grammar": {
"*hashmiʿu*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - summon/call/announce",
"*bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*rabbim*": "adjective, masculine plural - many",
"*dorkhey*": "participle, masculine plural construct - drawers/benders of",
"*qeshet*": "noun, feminine singular - bow",
"*ḥanu*": "imperative, masculine plural - encamp",
"*saviv*": "adverb - around/surrounding",
"*yəhi*": "jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let there be",
"*pəletah*": "noun, feminine singular - escape/deliverance",
"*shallemu*": "Piel imperative, masculine plural - repay",
"*pŏʿolah*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her deed",
"*ʿastah*": "perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she has done",
"*ʿasu*": "imperative, masculine plural - do",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*zadah*": "perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she has acted proudly",
"*qədosh*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - Holy One of",
"*yisraʾel*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*hashmiʿu*": "summon/call/announce to",
"*rabbim*": "many/numerous/great",
"*dorkhey*": "drawers/benders of/archers",
"*qeshet*": "bow/weapon",
"*ḥanu*": "encamp/set up camp/besiege",
"*saviv*": "around/surrounding/on every side",
"*pəletah*": "escape/deliverance/fugitive",
"*shallemu*": "repay/requite/recompense",
"*pŏʿolah*": "her deed/work/action",
"*zadah*": "acted proudly/presumptuously/arrogantly"
}
}