Jeremiah 3:23

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.23", "source": "אָכֵ֥ן לַשֶּׁ֛קֶר מִגְּבָע֖וֹת הָמ֣וֹן הָרִ֑ים אָכֵן֙ בַּיהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ תְּשׁוּעַ֖ת יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "Truly *laššeqer* from-*gᵉḇāʿôt*, *hămôn* *hārîm*. Truly in-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *tᵉšûʿat* *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*laššeqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'to the falsehood/lie'", "*gᵉḇāʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural - 'hills'", "*hămôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'multitude/tumult of'", "*hārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'mountains'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*tᵉšûʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - 'salvation of'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'" }, "variants": { "*laššeqer*": "to the falsehood/lie/deception/in vain", "*gᵉḇāʿôt*": "hills/heights", "*hămôn*": "multitude/tumult/noise/crowd", "*hārîm*": "mountains/hills", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God", "*tᵉšûʿat*": "salvation/deliverance/help", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אָכֵ֥ן לַשֶּׁ֛קֶר מִגְּבָע֖וֹת הָמ֣וֹן הָרִ֑ים אָכֵן֙ בַּיהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ תְּשׁוּעַ֖ת יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

Transliteration

Truly laššeqer from-gᵉḇāʿôt, hămôn hārîm. Truly in-YHWH ʾĕlōhênû tᵉšûʿat yiśrāʾēl.

Grammar Details

• *laššeqer*: preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'to the falsehood/lie'
• *gᵉḇāʿôt*: noun, feminine plural - 'hills'
• *hămôn*: noun, masculine singular construct - 'multitude/tumult of'
• *hārîm*: noun, masculine plural - 'mountains'
• *YHWH*: proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'
• *ʾĕlōhênû*: noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'
• *tᵉšûʿat*: noun, feminine singular construct - 'salvation of'
• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper name - 'Israel'

Word Meanings

• *laššeqer*: to the falsehood/lie/deception/in vain
• *gᵉḇāʿôt*: hills/heights
• *hămôn*: multitude/tumult/noise/crowd
• *hārîm*: mountains/hills
• *ʾĕlōhênû*: our God
• *tᵉšûʿat*: salvation/deliverance/help
• *yiśrāʾēl*: Israel

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Surely the false worship on the hills and the commotion on the mountains is a deception. Truly, the salvation of Israel is in the LORD our God.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Truly in vain is salvation hoped for from the hills, and from the multitude of mountains: truly in the LORD our God is the salvation of Israel.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Truly, in vain is salvation hoped for from the hills and from the multitude of mountains: truly, in the LORD our God is the salvation of Israel.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Truly in vain is salvation hoped for from the hills, and from the multitude of mountains: truly in the LORD our God is the salvation of Israel.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Truly{H403} in vain{H8267} is [the help that is looked for] from the hills,{H1389} the tumult{H1995} on the mountains:{H2022} truly{H403} in Jehovah{H3068} our God{H430} is the salvation{H8668} of Israel.{H3478}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Truly{H403} in vain{H8267} is salvation hoped for from the hills{H1389}, and from the multitude{H1995} of mountains{H2022}: truly{H403} in the LORD{H3068} our God{H430} is the salvation{H8668} of Israel{H3478}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The hilles fall, and all the hie pryde of the mountaynes, but the health of Israel stondeth only vpon God oure LORDE.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Truly the hope of the hilles is but vaine, nor the multitude of mountaines: but in the Lorde our God is the health of Israel.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Truely, in vayne is health hoped for from the hylles, be they neuer so many: but the health of Israel standeth only vpon God our Lorde.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Truly in vain [is salvation hoped for] from the hills, [and from] the multitude of mountains: truly in the LORD our God [is] the salvation of Israel.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Truly in vain is [the help that is looked for] from the hills, the tumult on the mountains: truly in Yahweh our God is the salvation of Israel.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Surely in vain from the heights, The multitude of mountains -- Surely in Jehovah our God `is' the salvation of Israel.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Truly in vain is `the help that is looked for' from the hills, the tumult on the mountains: truly in Jehovah our God is the salvation of Israel.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Truly in vain is [the help that is looked for] from the hills, the tumult on the mountains: truly in Jehovah our God is the salvation of Israel.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Truly, the hills, and the noise of an army on the mountains, are a false hope: truly, in the Lord our God is the salvation of Israel.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Truly in vain is [the help that is looked for] from the hills, the tumult on the mountains. Truly the salvation of Israel is in Yahweh our God.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  We know our noisy worship of false gods on the hills and mountains did not help us. We know that the LORD our God is the only one who can deliver Israel.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 121:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.121.1", "source": "שִׁ֗יר לַֽמַּ֫עֲל֥וֹת אֶשָּׂ֣א עֵ֭ינַי אֶל־הֶהָרִ֑ים מֵ֝אַ֗יִן יָבֹ֥א עֶזְרִֽי", "text": "*Šîr* for the *maʿălôt* I will *ʾeśśāʾ* my *ʿênay* to the *hehārîm*; from where will *yābōʾ* my *ʿezrî*?", "grammar": { "*Šîr*": "construct noun, masculine singular - song/psalm of", "*maʿălôt*": "noun, feminine plural with prefixed preposition lamed - ascents/steps/going up", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "imperfect Qal, 1st person singular - I lift up/raise", "*ʿênay*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 1st person singular suffix - my eyes", "*hehārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the mountains", "*mēʾayin*": "interrogative adverb with prefixed preposition - from where", "*yābōʾ*": "imperfect Qal, 3rd person masculine singular - will come", "*ʿezrî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my help" }, "variants": { "*Šîr lamaʿălôt*": "Song of Ascents/A Song for the Steps/Pilgrim Song", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "I lift up/I raise/I direct", "*hehārîm*": "the mountains/the hills/the high places", "*mēʾayin*": "from where/whence/from what source" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.121.2", "source": "עֶ֭זְרִי מֵעִ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה עֹ֝שֵׂ֗ה שָׁמַ֥יִם וָאָֽרֶץ", "text": "My *ʿezrî* from with *YHWH*, *ʿōśēh* *šāmayim* and *ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿezrî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my help", "*mēʿim*": "compound preposition - from with/from the presence of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʿōśēh*": "participle Qal, masculine singular construct - maker of/doer of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine dual - heaven/skies", "*wāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed conjunction waw - and earth/land" }, "variants": { "*mēʿim*": "from with/from the presence of/from", "*ʿōśēh*": "maker/creator/one who makes", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky/celestial realm", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } }
• Ps 3:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.3.8", "source": "ק֘וּמָ֤ה יְהוָ֨ה ׀ הוֹשִׁ֘יעֵ֤נִי אֱלֹהַ֗י כִּֽי־הִכִּ֣יתָ אֶת־כָּל־אֹיְבַ֣י לֶ֑חִי שִׁנֵּ֖י רְשָׁעִ֣ים שִׁבַּֽרְתָּ׃", "text": "*qûmāh* *YHWH* *hôšîʿēnî* *ʾĕlōhay* *kî-hikkîtā* *ʾet-kol-ʾōyəbay* *leḥî* *šinnê* *rəšāʿîm* *šibbartā*", "grammar": { "*qûmāh*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular with cohortative *-āh* - arise!", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*hôšîʿēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - save me!", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st person singular suffix - my God", "*kî-hikkîtā*": "conjunction with verb, hiphil perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - for you have struck", "*ʾet-kol-ʾōyəbay*": "direct object marker with noun, masculine, construct with noun, masculine, plural with 1st person singular suffix - all my enemies", "*leḥî*": "noun, masculine, singular - cheek/jaw", "*šinnê*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - teeth of", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - wicked ones", "*šibbartā*": "verb, piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have broken" }, "variants": { "*qûmāh*": "arise/stand up/get up", "*hôšîʿēnî*": "save me/deliver me/rescue me", "*hikkîtā*": "you have struck/you have smitten/you have hit", "*leḥî*": "cheek/jaw/face", "*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/evil ones/unrighteous ones", "*šibbartā*": "you have broken/you have shattered" } }
• Jer 17:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.17.14", "source": "רְפָאֵ֤נִי יְהוָה֙ וְאֵ֣רָפֵ֔א הוֹשִׁיעֵ֖נִי וְאִוָּשֵׁ֑עָה כִּ֥י תְהִלָּתִ֖י אָֽתָּה׃", "text": "*rĕpāʾēnî* *Yhwh* and-*ʾērāpēʾ* *hôšîʿēnî* and-*ʾiwwāšēʿâ* for *tĕhillātî* *ʾāttâ*", "grammar": { "*rĕpāʾēnî*": "qal imperative masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - heal me", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾērāpēʾ*": "niphal imperfect 1st person singular - I will be healed", "*hôšîʿēnî*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - save me", "*ʾiwwāšēʿâ*": "niphal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - let me be saved", "*tĕhillātî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my praise", "*ʾāttâ*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you" }, "variants": { "*rĕpāʾēnî*": "heal me/cure me/make me whole", "*ʾērāpēʾ*": "I will be healed/made whole/restored", "*hôšîʿēnî*": "save me/deliver me/rescue me", "*tĕhillātî*": "my praise/glory/boast" } }
• Isa 12:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.12.2", "source": "הִנֵּ֨ה אֵ֧ל יְשׁוּעָתִ֛י אֶבְטַ֖ח וְלֹ֣א אֶפְחָ֑ד כִּֽי־עָזִּ֤י וְזִמְרָת֙ יָ֣הּ יְהוָ֔ה וַֽיְהִי־לִ֖י לִֽישׁוּעָֽה׃", "text": "*hinnēh* *ʾēl* *yəšûʿātî* *ʾebṭaḥ* *wə-lōʾ* *ʾepḥād* *kî*-*ʿāzzî* *wə-zimrāt* *YĀH* *YHWH* *wa-yəhî*-*lî* *lîšûʿāh*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*yəšûʿātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my salvation", "*ʾebṭaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will trust", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʾepḥād*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will fear", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿāzzî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my strength", "*wə-zimrāt*": "conjunction + feminine singular construct noun - and song/praise of", "*YĀH*": "shortened divine name - Yah", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he has become", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to/for me", "*lîšûʿāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for salvation" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/god", "*yəšûʿātî*": "my salvation/my deliverance/my victory", "*ʾebṭaḥ*": "I will trust/I will rely/I will be confident", "*ʾepḥād*": "I will fear/I will be afraid", "*ʿāzzî*": "my strength/my power/my refuge", "*zimrāt*": "song/melody/praise", "*wa-yəhî*": "and he has become/and he is/and he was" } }
• Isa 43:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.43.11", "source": "אָנֹכִ֥י אָנֹכִ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וְאֵ֥ין מִבַּלְעָדַ֖י מוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "I, I am *YHWH*, and there is no *môšîaʿ* besides me.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*môšîaʿ*": "participle, Hiphil, masculine singular - savior/deliverer" }, "variants": { "*môšîaʿ*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer" } }
• Isa 44:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.9", "source": "יֹֽצְרֵי־פֶ֤סֶל כֻּלָּם֙ תֹּ֔הוּ וַחֲמוּדֵיהֶ֖ם בַּל־יוֹעִ֑ילוּ וְעֵדֵיהֶ֣ם הֵׄ֗מָּׄהׄ בַּל־יִרְא֛וּ וּבַל־יֵדְע֖וּ לְמַ֥עַן יֵבֹֽשׁוּ׃", "text": "*yōṣrê-p̄esel* *kullām* *tōhû* *wa-ḥămûdêhem* *bal-yôʿîlû* *wə-ʿēdêhem* *hēmmāh* *bal-yirʾû* *û-ḇal-yēdʿû* *ləmaʿan* *yēḇōšû*", "grammar": { "*yōṣrê-p̄esel*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - formers of idol", "*kullām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*tōhû*": "noun, masculine singular - emptiness/vanity", "*wa-ḥămûdêhem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their desired things", "*bal-yôʿîlû*": "negative particle + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they do not profit", "*wə-ʿēdêhem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their witnesses", "*hēmmāh*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they", "*bal-yirʾû*": "negative particle + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they do not see", "*û-ḇal-yēdʿû*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they do not know", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - so that", "*yēḇōšû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be ashamed" }, "variants": { "*yōṣrê*": "formers of/shapers of/makers of", "*p̄esel*": "idol/carved image/graven image", "*tōhû*": "emptiness/vanity/nothingness/chaos", "*ḥămûdêhem*": "their desired things/their delights/their precious objects", "*yôʿîlû*": "they profit/they benefit/they help", "*ʿēdêhem*": "their witnesses/their testifiers", "*yēḇōšû*": "they will be ashamed/they will be put to shame/they will be disgraced" } }
• Isa 45:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.45.15", "source": "אָכֵ֕ן אַתָּ֖ה אֵ֣ל מִסְתַּתֵּ֑ר אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מוֹשִֽׁיעַ", "text": "*ʾākēn* *ʾattâ* *ʾēl* *mistatēr* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *môšîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*ʾākēn*": "adverb - truly/indeed/surely", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*mistatēr*": "hithpael participle, masculine singular - hiding himself", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*môšîaʿ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - savior/deliverer" }, "variants": { "*ʾākēn*": "truly/indeed/surely/verily", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*mistatēr*": "hiding himself/who hides himself/conceals himself", "*môšîaʿ*": "savior/deliverer/one who saves" } }
• Isa 45:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.45.17", "source": "יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נוֹשַׁ֣ע בַּיהוָ֔ה תְּשׁוּעַ֖ת עוֹלָמִ֑ים לֹא־תֵבֹ֥שׁוּ וְלֹא־תִכָּלְמ֖וּ עַד־ע֥וֹלְמֵי עַֽד", "text": "*yiśrāʾēl* *nôšaʿ* in-*YHWH* *tĕšûʿat* *ʿôlāmîm* not-*tēbōšû* and-not-*tikkālĕmû* until-*ʿôlĕmê* *ʿad*", "grammar": { "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*nôšaʿ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is saved/delivered", "*tĕšûʿat*": "feminine singular construct - salvation of", "*ʿôlāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - everlasting/eternal", "*tēbōšû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will be ashamed", "*tikkālĕmû*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will be humiliated", "*ʿôlĕmê*": "masculine plural construct - eternities of", "*ʿad*": "masculine singular noun - perpetuity/forever" }, "variants": { "*nôšaʿ*": "is saved/is delivered/is rescued", "*tĕšûʿat*": "salvation of/deliverance of/help of", "*ʿôlāmîm*": "everlasting/eternal/forever", "*tēbōšû*": "you will be ashamed/you will be put to shame/you will be disappointed", "*tikkālĕmû*": "you will be humiliated/disgraced/dishonored", "*ʿôlĕmê* *ʿad*": "everlasting eternity/forever and ever/perpetual duration" } }
• Isa 45:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Isaiah.45.20", "source": "הִקָּבְצ֥וּ וָבֹ֛אוּ הִֽתְנַגְּשׁ֥וּ יַחְדָּ֖ו פְּלִיטֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֑ם לֹ֣א יָדְע֗וּ הַנֹּֽשְׂאִים֙ אֶת־עֵ֣ץ פִּסְלָ֔ם וּמִתְפַּלְלִ֔ים אֶל־אֵ֖ל לֹ֥א יוֹשִֽׁיעַ", "text": "*hiqqābṣû* and-*bōʾû* *hitnagĕšû* *yaḥdāw* *pĕlîṭê* the-*gôyim* not *yādĕʿû* the-*nōśĕʾîm* [direct object marker]-*ʿēṣ* *pislām* and-*mitpalĕlîm* to-*ʾēl* not *yôšîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*hiqqābṣû*": "niphal imperative, masculine plural - assemble/gather yourselves", "*bōʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - come", "*hitnagĕšû*": "hithpael imperative, masculine plural - draw near together", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/all of them", "*pĕlîṭê*": "masculine plural construct - escapees/survivors of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations/gentiles", "*yādĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know", "*nōśĕʾîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones carrying", "*ʿēṣ*": "masculine singular noun - wood/tree", "*pislām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their carved image", "*mitpalĕlîm*": "hithpael participle, masculine plural - praying/who pray", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god/deity", "*yôšîaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he saves/delivers" }, "variants": { "*hiqqābṣû*": "assemble/gather yourselves/come together", "*hitnagĕšû*": "draw near together/approach/come together", "*yaḥdāw*": "together/all of them/at once", "*pĕlîṭê*": "escapees/survivors/fugitives", "*nōśĕʾîm*": "the ones carrying/bearers/those who lift up", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/tree/timber", "*pislām*": "their carved image/their idol/their sculpture", "*mitpalĕlîm*": "praying/who pray/supplicating", "*yôšîaʿ*": "he saves/delivers/rescues" } }
• Isa 46:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.7", "source": "יִ֠שָּׂאֻהוּ עַל־כָּתֵ֨ף יִסְבְּלֻ֜הוּ וְיַנִּיחֻ֤הוּ תַחְתָּיו֙ וְיַֽעֲמֹ֔ד מִמְּקוֹמ֖וֹ לֹ֣א יָמִ֑ישׁ אַף־יִצְעַ֤ק אֵלָיו֙ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲנֶ֔ה מִצָּרָת֖וֹ לֹ֥א יוֹשִׁיעֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*yiśśāʾuhû* upon-*kātēp*, *yisbəluhû* wə-*yannîḥuhû* under-him wə-*yaʿămōd*; from-*məqômô lōʾ yāmîš*; indeed-*yiṣʿaq* to-him wə-*lōʾ yaʿăneh*, from-*ṣārātô lōʾ yôšîʿennû*.", "grammar": { "*yiśśāʾuhû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they will carry him", "*kātēp*": "noun, feminine, singular - shoulder", "*yisbəluhû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they will bear him", "*yannîḥuhû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix, hiphil - they will set him down", "*yaʿămōd*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will stand", "*məqômô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place", "*yāmîš*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he will move", "*yiṣʿaq*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will cry out", "*yaʿăneh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will answer", "*ṣārātô*": "noun, feminine, plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his troubles", "*yôšîʿennû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix, hiphil - he will save him" }, "variants": { "*yiśśāʾuhû*": "they lift him/they carry him/they bear him", "*yisbəluhû*": "they bear him/they carry him/they support him", "*yannîḥuhû*": "they set him down/they place him/they leave him", "*yaʿămōd*": "he stands/he remains/he endures", "*yāmîš*": "he moves/he departs/he removes", "*yiṣʿaq*": "he cries out/he calls/he shouts", "*yaʿăneh*": "he answers/he responds/he replies", "*ṣārātô*": "his troubles/his distress/his adversities", "*yôšîʿennû*": "he saves him/he delivers him/he rescues him" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.8", "source": "זִכְרוּ־זֹ֖את וְהִתְאֹשָׁ֑שׁוּ הָשִׁ֥יבוּ פוֹשְׁעִ֖ים עַל־לֵֽב׃", "text": "*zikrû-zōʾt* wə-*hitʾōšāšû*; *hāšîbû pôšəʿîm* upon-*lēb*.", "grammar": { "*zikrû*": "imperative, 2nd masculine plural - remember", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine, singular - this", "*hitʾōšāšû*": "imperative, 2nd masculine plural, hitpael - be men/show yourselves strong", "*hāšîbû*": "imperative, 2nd masculine plural, hiphil - bring back/return", "*pôšəʿîm*": "participle, masculine, plural - transgressors/rebels", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine, singular - heart/mind" }, "variants": { "*zikrû*": "remember/recall/call to mind", "*hitʾōšāšû*": "be men/show yourselves strong/stand firm/consider carefully", "*hāšîbû*": "bring back/return/restore/consider", "*pôšəʿîm*": "transgressors/rebels/those who rebel", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner self/understanding" } }
• Isa 63:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.1", "source": "מִי־זֶ֣ה ׀ בָּ֣א מֵאֱד֗וֹם חֲמ֤וּץ בְּגָדִים֙ מִבָּצְרָ֔ה זֶ֚ה הָד֣וּר בִּלְבוּשׁ֔וֹ צֹעֶ֖ה בְּרֹ֣ב כֹּח֑וֹ אֲנִ֛י מְדַבֵּ֥ר בִּצְדָקָ֖ה רַ֥ב לְהוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "Who *zeh* *bāʾ* from *ʾĕdôm*, *ḥămûṣ* *bĕgādîm* from *boṣrāh*, *zeh* *hādûr* in *lĕbûšô*, *ṣōʿeh* in *rōb* *kōḥô*? I *mĕdabbēr* in *ṣĕdāqāh*, *rab* *lĕhôšîaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this one", "*bāʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - coming/one who comes", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*ḥămûṣ*": "adjective, masculine singular - dyed red/crimsoned/stained", "*bĕgādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - garments/clothes", "*boṣrāh*": "proper noun - Bozrah", "*hādûr*": "adjective, masculine singular - adorned/majestic/splendid", "*lĕbûšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his garment", "*ṣōʿeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - marching/striding/stepping", "*rōb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - greatness/abundance of", "*kōḥô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his strength", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*mĕdabbēr*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - speaking/one who speaks", "*ṣĕdāqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - righteousness/justice", "*rab*": "adjective, masculine singular - mighty/great", "*lĕhôšîaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to save/deliver" }, "variants": { "*bāʾ*": "coming/arriving/approaching", "*ḥămûṣ*": "dyed red/crimsoned/stained/bright red", "*hādûr*": "majestic/glorious/splendid/adorned", "*ṣōʿeh*": "marching/striding/stepping/bending forward", "*ṣĕdāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness/vindication", "*rab*": "great/mighty/abundant/powerful" } }
• Isa 63:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.16", "source": "כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה אָבִ֔ינוּ כִּ֤י אַבְרָהָם֙ לֹ֣א יְדָעָ֔נוּ וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֹ֣א יַכִּירָ֑נוּ אַתָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אָבִ֔ינוּ גֹּאֲלֵ֥נוּ מֵֽעוֹלָ֖ם שְׁמֶֽךָ׃", "text": "For *ʾattāh* our *ʾābînû*, for *ʾabrāhām* *lōʾ* *yĕdāʿānû*, and *yiśrāʾēl* *lōʾ* *yakkîrānû*; *ʾattāh* *YHWH* our *ʾābînû*, our *gōʾălēnû* from *ʿôlām* your *šĕmeḵā*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʾābînû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - our father", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yĕdāʿānû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - he knew us", "*wĕyiśrāʾēl*": "conjunction waw + proper noun - and Israel", "*yakkîrānû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - he acknowledges us", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*gōʾălēnû*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - our redeemer", "*mēʿôlām*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from everlasting", "*šĕmeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name" }, "variants": { "*ʾābînû*": "our father/our ancestor", "*yĕdāʿānû*": "he knew us/he recognized us", "*yakkîrānû*": "he acknowledges us/he recognizes us", "*gōʾălēnû*": "our redeemer/our rescuer/our kinsman-redeemer", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternity/ancient time", "*šĕmeḵā*": "your name/your reputation" } }
• Jer 3:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י בִּימֵי֙ יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הֲ‍ֽרָאִ֔יתָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשְׂתָ֖ה מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הֹלְכָ֨ה הִ֜יא עַל־כָּל־הַ֣ר גָּבֹ֗הַּ וְאֶל־תַּ֛חַת כָּל־עֵ֥ץ רַעֲנָ֖ן וַתִּזְנִי־שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me in-days *yōʾšiyyāhû* the-*meleḵ*: \"*hᵃrāʾîtā* which *ʿāśᵉtâ* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*? *hōlᵉḵâ* she upon-every-*har* *gāḇōha* and-to-under every-*ʿēṣ* *raʿănān* *wattizᵉnî*-there.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - 'and he said'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper name - 'Josiah'", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'", "*hᵃrāʾîtā*": "interrogative particle + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'have you seen?'", "*ʿāśᵉtâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she did/has done'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*hōlᵉḵâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'going/walking'", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular - 'mountain/hill'", "*gāḇōha*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'high/lofty'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'tree'", "*raʿănān*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'leafy/luxuriant/green'", "*wattizᵉnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "Josiah", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*hᵃrāʾîtā*": "have you seen/observed/noticed", "*ʿāśᵉtâ*": "she did/has done/committed", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*hōlᵉḵâ*": "going/walking/proceeding", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*gāḇōha*": "high/lofty/tall", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*raʿănān*": "leafy/luxuriant/green/verdant", "*wattizᵉnî*": "and you played the harlot/prostituted yourself" } }
• Jer 10:14-16 : 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.14", "source": "נִבְעַ֤ר כָּל־אָדָם֙ מִדַּ֔עַת הֹבִ֥ישׁ כָּל־צוֹרֵ֖ף מִפָּ֑סֶל כִּ֛י שֶׁ֥קֶר נִסְכּ֖וֹ וְלֹא־ר֥וּחַ בָּֽם׃", "text": "*Nibʿar* every-*ʾādām* from-*daʿat* *hōbîš* every-*ṣôrēf* from-*pāsel* *kî* *šeqer* *niskô* and-no-*rûaḥ* in-them", "grammar": { "*Nibʿar*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he is stupid/brutish", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*daʿat*": "noun, feminine singular - knowledge", "*hōbîš*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he is put to shame", "*ṣôrēf*": "qal participle, masculine singular - goldsmith/silversmith", "*pāsel*": "noun, masculine singular - carved image/idol", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - lie/falsehood", "*niskô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his molten image", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - breath/spirit" }, "variants": { "*Nibʿar*": "is stupid/brutish/senseless/uncomprehending", "*daʿat*": "knowledge/perception/understanding/skill", "*hōbîš*": "is put to shame/disgraced/disappointed", "*ṣôrēf*": "goldsmith/silversmith/refiner/metalworker", "*pāsel*": "carved image/idol/graven image", "*šeqer*": "lie/falsehood/deception", "*niskô*": "his molten image/cast idol/metal statue" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.15", "source": "הֶ֣בֶל הֵ֔מָּה מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה תַּעְתֻּעִ֑ים בְּעֵ֥ת פְּקֻדָּתָ֖ם יֹאבֵֽדוּ׃", "text": "*Hebel* they *maʿăśēh* *taʿtuʿîm* in-time-of *pəquddātām* *yōʾbēdû*", "grammar": { "*Hebel*": "noun, masculine singular - vanity/emptiness", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - work of", "*taʿtuʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mockery/delusion", "*pəquddātām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their visitation/punishment", "*yōʾbēdû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will perish" }, "variants": { "*Hebel*": "vanity/emptiness/breath/worthlessness", "*taʿtuʿîm*": "mockery/delusion/derision", "*pəquddātām*": "their visitation/punishment/reckoning", "*yōʾbēdû*": "they will perish/be destroyed/disappear" } } 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.16", "source": "לֹֽא־כְאֵ֜לֶּה חֵ֣לֶק יַעֲקֹ֗ב כִּֽי־יוֹצֵ֤ר הַכֹּל֙ ה֔וּא וְיִ֨שְׂרָאֵ֔ל שֵׁ֖בֶט נַֽחֲלָת֑וֹ יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃", "text": "Not-like-these *ḥēleq* *Yaʿăqōb* *kî*-*yôṣēr* *ha-kōl* *hûʾ* and-*Yiśrāʾēl* *šēbeṭ* *naḥălātô* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *šəmô*", "grammar": { "*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion of", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*yôṣēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular construct - former of", "*ha-kōl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the all/everything", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šēbeṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - rod/tribe of", "*naḥălātô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his inheritance", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - hosts/armies of", "*šəmô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name" }, "variants": { "*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/territory/allotment", "*yôṣēr*": "former/fashioner/maker/creator", "*šēbeṭ*": "rod/staff/tribe/scepter", "*naḥălātô*": "his inheritance/possession/property", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes" } }
• Jer 14:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.8", "source": "מִקְוֵה֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מֽוֹשִׁיע֖וֹ בְּעֵ֣ת צָרָ֑ה לָ֤מָּה תִֽהְיֶה֙ כְּגֵ֣ר בָּאָ֔רֶץ וּכְאֹרֵ֖חַ נָטָ֥ה לָלֽוּן׃", "text": "*miqwēh* *Yiśrāʾēl* *môšîʿô* in-*ʿēṯ* *ṣārāh* *lāmmāh* *ṯihyeh* like-*gēr* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* and-like-*ʾōrēaḥ* *nāṭāh* *lālûn*", "grammar": { "*miqwēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - hope of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*môšîʿô*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his savior", "*ʿēṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with preposition - in time of", "*ṣārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - distress/trouble", "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative - why", "*ṯihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd singular masculine - you will be", "*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition - like a stranger/sojourner", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition + definite article - in the land", "*ʾōrēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition - like a traveler", "*nāṭāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he turned aside/stretched out", "*lālûn*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to lodge/spend the night" }, "variants": { "*miqwēh*": "hope/expectation/gathering", "*môšîʿô*": "his savior/deliverer", "*ṣārāh*": "distress/trouble/adversity", "*gēr*": "stranger/sojourner/foreigner/alien", "*ʾōrēaḥ*": "traveler/wayfarer/passer-by", "*nāṭāh*": "turned aside/stretched out/extended", "*lālûn*": "to lodge/spend the night/stay overnight" } }
• Ezek 20:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.28", "source": "וָאֲבִיאֵם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָשָׂ֙אתִי֙ אֶת־יָדִ֔י לָתֵ֥ת אוֹתָ֖הּ לָהֶ֑ם וַיִּרְאוּ֩ כָל־גִּבְעָ֨ה רָמָ֜ה וְכָל־עֵ֣ץ עָבֹ֗ת וַיִּזְבְּחוּ־שָׁ֤ם אֶת־זִבְחֵיהֶם֙ וַיִּתְּנוּ־שָׁם֙ כַּ֣עַס קָרְבָּנָ֔ם וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ שָׁ֗ם רֵ֚יחַ נִיח֣וֹחֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּסִּ֥יכוּ שָׁ֖ם אֶת־נִסְכֵּיהֶֽם", "text": "And *ʾăbîʾēm* to the *ʾāreṣ* which *nāśāʾtî* my *yādî* to give it to them, and they *yirʾû* every *gibʿāh rāmāh* and every *ʿēṣ ʿābōt* and they *yizbəḥû* there their *zibḥêhem* and they *yittənû* there the *kaʿas* of their *qorbānām* and they *yāśîmû* there the *rêaḥ* of their *nîḥôḥêhem* and they *yassîkû* there their *niskêhem*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾăbîʾēm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I brought them", "*ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*nāśāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I lifted/raised", "*ʾet-yādî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*lātēt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to give", "*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - it", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*wa-yirʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw", "*kol-gibʿāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine singular - every hill", "*rāmāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - high", "*wə-kol-ʿēṣ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - and every tree", "*ʿābōt*": "adjective, masculine singular - leafy, thick", "*wa-yizbəḥû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they sacrificed", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʾet-zibḥêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sacrifices", "*wa-yittənû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they gave", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*kaʿas*": "noun, masculine singular construct - provocation of", "*qorbānām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their offering", "*wa-yāśîmû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they placed", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*rêaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fragrance of", "*nîḥôḥêhem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soothing aroma", "*wa-yassîkû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they poured out", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʾet-niskêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their drink offerings" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbîʾēm*": "I brought them, I led them", "*nāśāʾtî yādî*": "lifted my hand (idiom for swearing an oath)", "*gibʿāh rāmāh*": "high hill (often a place of pagan worship)", "*ʿēṣ ʿābōt*": "leafy/thick tree (often associated with pagan worship)", "*yizbəḥû*": "sacrificed, slaughtered ritually", "*zibḥêhem*": "their sacrifices, their offerings", "*kaʿas qorbānām*": "provocation of their offering (offerings that provoke anger)", "*rêaḥ nîḥôḥêhem*": "fragrance of their soothing aroma (ritual term for acceptable sacrifice)", "*yassîkû*": "poured out, offered libations", "*niskêhem*": "their drink offerings, their libations" } }
• Hos 1:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Hosea.1.7", "source": "וְאֶת־בֵּ֤ית יְהוּדָה֙ אֲרַחֵ֔ם וְהֽוֹשַׁעְתִּ֖ים בַּיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֑ם וְלֹ֣א אֽוֹשִׁיעֵ֗ם בְּקֶ֤שֶׁת וּבְחֶ֙רֶב֙ וּבְמִלְחָמָ֔ה בְּסוּסִ֖ים וּבְפָרָשִֽׁים׃", "text": "And-*ʾet*-*bêt* *Yəhûdāh* *ʾăraḥēm* and-*hôšaʿtîm* by-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem* and-not *ʾôšîʿēm* by-*qešet* and-by-*ḥerev* and-by-*milḥāmāh* by-*sûsîm* and-by-*pārāšîm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʾăraḥēm*": "piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will have mercy/compassion", "*hôšaʿtîm*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 3mp suffix - I will save them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their God", "*ʾôšîʿēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3mp suffix - I will save them", "*qešet*": "feminine singular noun - bow", "*ḥerev*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - war/battle", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses", "*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen/cavalry" }, "variants": { "*hôšaʿtîm*": "save/deliver/give victory to them", "*qešet*": "bow/archery/military power", "*pārāšîm*": "horsemen/cavalry/charioteers" } }
• Jonah 2:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Jonah.2.8", "source": "בְּהִתְעַטֵּ֤ף עָלַי֙ נַפְשִׁ֔י אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה זָכָ֑רְתִּי וַתָּב֤וֹא אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ תְּפִלָּתִ֔י אֶל־הֵיכַ֖ל קָדְשֶֽׁךָ׃", "text": "*bĕhitʿaṭṭēp* *ʿālay* *napšî* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *zākārtî* *wə-* *tābôʾ* *ʾēlêkā* *tĕpillātî* *ʾel*-*hêkal* *qodšekā*", "grammar": { "*bĕhitʿaṭṭēp*": "preposition + hitpael infinitive construct - in fainting/growing faint", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me/within me", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*zākārtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I remembered", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*tābôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it came", "*ʾēlêkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*tĕpillātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my prayer", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*hêkal*": "masculine singular construct noun - temple/palace of", "*qodšekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your holiness/holy" }, "variants": { "*bĕhitʿaṭṭēp*": "in fainting/growing faint/being overwhelmed", "*napšî*": "my soul/life/self", "*tĕpillātî*": "my prayer/supplication/entreaty", "*hêkal*": "temple/palace/sanctuary", "*qodšekā*": "your holiness/holy (place)" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jonah.2.9", "source": "מְשַׁמְּרִ֖ים הַבְלֵי־שָׁ֑וְא חַסְדָּ֖ם יַעֲזֹֽבוּ׃", "text": "*mĕšammĕrîm* *hablê*-*šāwĕʾ* *ḥasdām* *yaʿăzōbû*", "grammar": { "*mĕšammĕrîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - ones keeping/observing", "*hablê*": "masculine plural construct noun - vanities/empty things of", "*šāwĕʾ*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/emptiness", "*ḥasdām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their loyalty/faithfulness", "*yaʿăzōbû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they forsake" }, "variants": { "*mĕšammĕrîm*": "ones keeping/observing/regarding/paying attention to", "*hablê*": "vanities/empty things/worthless things", "*šāwĕʾ*": "falsehood/emptiness/worthlessness/nothingness", "*ḥasdām*": "their loyalty/faithfulness/steadfast love/mercy", "*yaʿăzōbû*": "they forsake/abandon/leave" } }
• John 4:22 : 22 { "verseID": "John.4.22", "source": "Ὑμεῖς προσκυνεῖτε ὃ οὐκ οἴδατε: ἡμεῖς προσκυνοῦμεν ὃ οἴδαμεν: ὅτι ἡ σωτηρία ἐκ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐστίν.", "text": "You [plural] *proskyneit*e what *ouk oidate*: we *proskynoumen* what *oidamen*: because the *sōtēria ek* the *Ioudaiōn estin*.", "grammar": { "*proskyneite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - you worship", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*oidate*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd plural - you know/have known [completed action with ongoing results]", "*proskynoumen*": "present active indicative, 1st plural - we worship", "*oidamen*": "perfect active indicative, 1st plural - we know/have known [completed action with ongoing results]", "*sōtēria*": "nominative feminine singular - salvation", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from/out of", "*Ioudaiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - Jews", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is" }, "variants": { "*oidate*": "know/understand/perceive", "*sōtēria*": "salvation/deliverance/preservation" } }
• Ps 37:39-40 : 39 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.39", "source": "וּתְשׁוּעַ֣ת צַ֭דִּיקִים מֵיְהוָ֑ה מָֽ֝עוּזָּ֗ם בְּעֵ֣ת צָרָֽה׃", "text": "And [the] *təšûʿat ṣaddîqîm* [is] from *YHWH*, [their] *māʿûzzām* in *ʿēt ṣārâ*.", "grammar": { "*təšûʿat*": "feminine singular construct - salvation/deliverance of", "*ṣaddîqîm*": "masculine plural adjective/noun - righteous ones", "*mēYHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - from the LORD/Yahweh", "*māʿûzzām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their stronghold", "*bəʿēt*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in time of", "*ṣārâ*": "feminine singular noun - trouble/distress" }, "variants": { "*təšûʿat ṣaddîqîm*": "salvation of the righteous/deliverance of the just", "*māʿûzzām*": "their stronghold/their refuge/their strength", "*ʿēt ṣārâ*": "time of trouble/time of distress/period of adversity" } } 40 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.40", "source": "וַֽיַּעְזְרֵ֥ם יְהוָ֗ה וַֽיְפַלְּ֫טֵ֥ם יְפַלְּטֵ֣ם מֵ֭רְשָׁעִים וְיוֹשִׁיעֵ֑ם כִּי־חָ֥סוּ בֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *YHWH* *wayaʿzərēm* and *wayəpalləṭēm*; he *yəpalləṭēm* from *rəšāʿîm* and *yôšîʿēm*, for they *ḥāsû* in him.", "grammar": { "*wayaʿzərēm*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect (consecutive), 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he helps them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*wayəpalləṭēm*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect (consecutive), 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he delivers them", "*yəpalləṭēm*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he delivers them", "*mērəšāʿîm*": "preposition + masculine plural adjective/noun - from wicked ones", "*yôšîʿēm*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he saves them", "*ḥāsû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have taken refuge", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in him" }, "variants": { "*wayaʿzərēm*": "helps them/assists them/supports them", "*wayəpalləṭēm*": "delivers them/rescues them/sets them free", "*yôšîʿēm*": "saves them/rescues them", "*ḥāsû bô*": "have taken refuge in him/have trusted in him/have sought shelter in him" } }