Joshua 4:9

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Joshua.4.9", "source": "וּשְׁתֵּ֧ים עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֗ים הֵקִ֣ים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֮ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּן֒ תַּ֗חַת מַצַּב֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּהֲנִ֔ים נֹשְׂאֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֑ית וַיִּ֣הְיוּ שָׁ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And twelve *û-štêm ʿeśrēh* stones *ʾăbānîm* set up *hēqîm* *yᵊhôšūaʿ* in midst of *bə-tôk* the *ha-yardên* under *taḥat* standing place of *maṣṣab* feet of *raglê* the *ha-kōhănîm* bearing *nōśᵊʾê* ark of *ʾărôn* the *ha-bərît* and they are *wa-yyihyû* there *šām* until *ʿad* the *ha-yôm* the *ha-zzeh*", "grammar": { "*û-štêm ʿeśrēh*": "conjunction + cardinal number feminine - and twelve", "*ʾăbānîm*": "feminine plural noun - stones", "*hēqîm*": "perfect 3rd masculine singular - set up/established", "*yᵊhôšūaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*bə-tôk*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in midst of", "*ha-yardên*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*maṣṣab*": "masculine singular construct - standing place of", "*raglê*": "feminine plural construct - feet of", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the priests", "*nōśᵊʾê*": "masculine plural construct participle - bearers of/carrying", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*ha-bərît*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the covenant", "*wa-yyihyû*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they are/were", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - the this/this" }, "variants": { "*qûm*": "set up/establish/raise", "*tôk*": "midst/middle/among", "*taḥat*": "under/beneath/instead of", "*maṣṣab*": "standing place/station/position", "*nāśāʾ*": "bear/carry/lift", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*yôm*": "day/time/period" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּשְׁתֵּ֧ים עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֗ים הֵקִ֣ים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֮ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּן֒ תַּ֗חַת מַצַּב֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּהֲנִ֔ים נֹשְׂאֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֑ית וַיִּ֣הְיוּ שָׁ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

Transliteration

And twelve û-štêm ʿeśrēh stones ʾăbānîm set up hēqîm yᵊhôšūaʿ in midst of bə-tôk the ha-yardên under taḥat standing place of maṣṣab feet of raglê the ha-kōhănîm bearing nōśᵊʾê ark of ʾărôn the ha-bərît and they are wa-yyihyû there šām until ʿad the ha-yôm the ha-zzeh

Grammar Details

• *û-štêm ʿeśrēh*: conjunction + cardinal number feminine - and twelve
• *ʾăbānîm*: feminine plural noun - stones
• *hēqîm*: perfect 3rd masculine singular - set up/established
• *yᵊhôšūaʿ*: proper noun - Joshua
• *bə-tôk*: preposition + masculine singular construct - in midst of
• *ha-yardên*: definite article + proper noun - the Jordan
• *taḥat*: preposition - under/beneath
• *maṣṣab*: masculine singular construct - standing place of
• *raglê*: feminine plural construct - feet of
• *ha-kōhănîm*: definite article + masculine plural noun - the priests
• *nōśᵊʾê*: masculine plural construct participle - bearers of/carrying
• *ʾărôn*: masculine singular construct - ark of
• *ha-bərît*: definite article + feminine singular noun - the covenant
• *wa-yyihyû*: conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they are/were
• *šām*: adverb - there
• *ʿad*: preposition - until
• *ha-yôm*: definite article + masculine singular noun - the day
• *ha-zzeh*: definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - the this/this

Word Meanings

• *qûm*: set up/establish/raise
• *tôk*: midst/middle/among
• *taḥat*: under/beneath/instead of
• *maṣṣab*: standing place/station/position
• *nāśāʾ*: bear/carry/lift
• *bərît*: covenant/agreement/treaty
• *yôm*: day/time/period

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Joshua also set up twelve stones in the middle of the Jordan, under the place where the priests carrying the ark of the covenant stood, and they are there to this day.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And hua set up twelve stones in the midst of Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests which bare the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there unto this day.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests who bore the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there to this day.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests which bare the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there unto this day.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests that bare the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there unto this day.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests which bare the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there unto this day.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And Iosua set vp twolue stones in ye myddes of Iordane, where ye fete of the prestes stode, that bare ye Arke of the couenaunt: and there they be yet vnto this daye.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And Ioshua set vp twelue stones in the middes of Iorden, in the place where the feete of the Priests, which bare the Arke of the couenant stood, & there haue they cotinued vnto this day.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And Iosuah set vp twelue stones in the middes of Iordane, in the place where the feete of the priestes whiche bare the arke of the testament stoode: and there haue they continued vnto this day.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests which bare the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there unto this day.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests who bore the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there to this day.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  even the twelve stones hath Joshua raised up out of the midst of the Jordan, the place of the standing of the feet of the priests bearing the ark of the covenant, and they are there unto this day.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests that bare the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there unto this day.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests that bare the ark of the covenant stood: and they are there unto this day.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And Joshua put up twelve stones in the middle of Jordan, where the feet of the priests who took up the ark of the agreement had been placed: and there they are to this day.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Joshua set up twelve stones in the middle of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests who bore the ark of the covenant stood; and they are there to this day.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Joshua also set up twelve stones in the middle of the Jordan in the very place where the priests carrying the ark of the covenant stood. They remain there to this very day.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 7:12 : 12 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.7.12", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֨ח שְׁמוּאֵ֜ל אֶ֣בֶן אַחַ֗ת וַיָּ֤שֶׂם בֵּֽין־הַמִּצְפָּה֙ וּבֵ֣ין הַשֵּׁ֔ן וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמָ֖הּ אֶ֣בֶן הָעָ֑זֶר וַיֹּאמַ֕ר עַד־הֵ֖נָּה עֲזָרָ֥נוּ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* *šĕmûʾēl* *ʾeben* one and *wayyāśem* between-the-*miṣpâ* and-between the-*šēn* and *wayyiqrāʾ* *ʾet*-her-name *ʾeben hāʿāzer* and *wayyōʾmar* until-here *ʿăzārānû* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular - stone", "*wayyāśem*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he set/placed", "*šēn*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the tooth/the crag", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*ʾeben hāʿāzer*": "noun feminine singular construct + proper noun - stone of the help", "*wayyōʾmar*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿăzārānû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - he has helped us" }, "variants": { "*wayyāśem*": "set/placed/put", "*šēn*": "tooth/sharp rock/crag (possibly a place name)", "*ʾeben hāʿāzer*": "Ebenezer (stone of help)", "*ʿăzārānû*": "helped us/assisted us/supported us" } }
• 1 Sam 30:25 : 25 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.25", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י מֵֽהַיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא וָמָ֑עְלָה וַיְשִׂמֶ֜הָ לְחֹ֤ק וּלְמִשְׁפָּט֙ לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "And *wayəhî* from the *mēhayyôm* the *hahûʾ* and *wāmāʿəlāh*; and he *wayəśimehā* for *ləḥōq* and for *ûləmišpāṭ* for *ləyiśrāʾēl* until *ʿaḏ* the *hayyôm* the *hazzeh*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and it was/happened", "*mēhayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - from the day", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - that", "*wāmāʿəlāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and upward/onward", "*wayəśimehā*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he set it", "*ləḥōq*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - for a statute/decree", "*ûləmišpāṭ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular - and for an ordinance/judgment", "*ləyiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - for Israel", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "it was/it happened/it came to pass", "*mēhayyôm hahûʾ wāmāʿəlāh*": "from that day and onward/from that day forward", "*wayəśimehā*": "he set it/he established it/he made it", "*ləḥōq ûləmišpāṭ*": "for a statute and for an ordinance/law and regulation", "*ʿaḏ hayyôm hazzeh*": "until this day/to this very day" } }
• 2 Sam 4:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.4.3", "source": "וַיִּבְרְח֥וּ הַבְּאֵרֹתִ֖ים גִּתָּ֑יְמָה וַֽיִּהְיוּ־שָׁ֣ם גָּרִ֔ים עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ ס", "text": "*wə-yibrəḥû* *ha-bəʾērōtîm* *gittāyəmāh* *wə-yihyû-šām* *gārîm* *ʿad* *ha-yôm* *ha-zeh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yibrəḥû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and fled", "*ha-bəʾērōtîm*": "article + gentilic adjective, masculine plural - the Beerothites", "*gittāyəmāh*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Gittaim", "*wə-yihyû-šām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd plural + adverb - and they were there", "*gārîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - sojourners/aliens/strangers", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ha-yôm*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*gārîm*": "sojourners/foreigners/resident aliens", "*ʿad ha-yôm ha-zeh*": "until this day/until the present time" } }
• 1 Kgs 18:31 : 31 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.31", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֵלִיָּ֗הוּ שְׁתֵּ֤ים עֶשְׂרֵה֙ אֲבָנִ֔ים כְּמִסְפַּ֖ר שִׁבְטֵ֣י בְנֵֽי־יַעֲקֹ֑ב אֲשֶׁר֩ הָיָ֨ה דְבַר־יְהוָ֤ה אֵלָיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִהְיֶ֥ה שְׁמֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*wă-yiqqaḥ* *'ēlîyāhû* *šĕttêm* *'eśrēh* *'ăḇānîm* according-to-*mispar* *šiḇṭê* *bĕnê*-*ya'ăqōḇ* *'ăšer* *hāyāh* *dĕḇar*-*YHWH* to-him *lē'mōr* *yiśrā'ēl* *yihyeh* *šĕmeḵā*", "grammar": { "*wă-yiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*'ēlîyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Elijah", "*šĕttêm* *'eśrēh*": "cardinal number, feminine - twelve", "*'ăḇānîm*": "common noun, feminine plural - stones", "*mispar*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - number of", "*šiḇṭê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*bĕnê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ya'ăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - which/whom/that", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was/happened", "*dĕḇar*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he/it will be", "*šĕmeḵā*": "common noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name" }, "variants": { "*'ăḇānîm*": "stones/rocks", "*šiḇṭê*": "tribes/rods/staffs", "*dĕḇar*": "word/speech/matter" } }
• 2 Chr 5:9 : 9 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.5.9", "source": "וַֽיַּאֲרִיכוּ֮ הַבַּדִּים֒ וַיֵּרָאוּ֩ רָאשֵׁ֨י הַבַּדִּ֤ים מִן־הָאָרוֹן֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַדְּבִ֔יר וְלֹ֥א יֵרָא֖וּ הַח֑וּצָה וַֽיְהִי־שָׁ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyaʾărîḵû* the-*baddîm* and-*wayyērāʾû* *rāʾšê* the-*baddîm* from-the-*ʾārôn* on-*pənê* the-*dəḇîr* and-not *yērāʾû* the-*ḥûṣāh* and-*wayəhî*-there until the-*yôm* the-*zeh*׃", "grammar": { "*wayyaʾărîḵû*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - they extended", "*baddîm*": "noun, masculine plural - poles/staves", "*wayyērāʾû*": "niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - they were seen", "*rāʾšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - heads/ends of", "*baddîm*": "noun, masculine plural - poles/staves", "*ʾārôn*": "noun, masculine singular - ark", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/front of", "*dəḇîr*": "noun, masculine singular - inner sanctuary", "*yērāʾû*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they were seen", "*ḥûṣāh*": "adverb, directional - outside", "*wayəhî*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - it was", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʾărîḵû*": "they extended/they lengthened/they drew out", "*baddîm*": "poles/staves/bars", "*wayyērāʾû*": "they were seen/they appeared/they became visible", "*rāʾšê*": "heads/ends/tops", "*pənê*": "face/front/surface", "*dəḇîr*": "inner sanctuary/oracle/most holy place", "*yērāʾû*": "were seen/appeared/were visible", "*ḥûṣāh*": "outside/outward/externally", "*wayəhî*": "it was/it happened/it came to be", "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*zeh*": "this/that" } }
• Ps 111:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.111.2", "source": "גְּ֭דֹלִים מַעֲשֵׂ֣י יְהוָ֑ה דְּ֝רוּשִׁ֗ים לְכָל־חֶפְצֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*Gədōlîm* *ma'ăśê* *YHWH* *dərûšîm* to-all-*ḥepṣêhem*", "grammar": { "*Gədōlîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - great/large", "*ma'ăśê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - works/deeds of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*dərûšîm*": "passive participle, masculine plural - sought out/investigated", "*ḥepṣêhem*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd person plural suffix - their desires/delights" }, "variants": { "*Gədōlîm*": "great/large/magnificent/powerful", "*ma'ăśê*": "works/deeds/actions/accomplishments", "*dərûšîm*": "sought out/investigated/studied/examined", "*ḥepṣêhem*": "their desires/delights/pleasures/wishes" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.111.3", "source": "הוֹד־וְהָדָ֥ר פָּֽעֳל֑וֹ וְ֝צִדְקָת֗וֹ עֹמֶ֥דֶת לָעַֽד׃", "text": "*Hôd*-*wə*-*hādār* *pā'ŏlô* *wə*-*ṣidqātô* *'ōmedet* *lā'ad*", "grammar": { "*Hôd*": "noun, masculine, singular - splendor/majesty", "*wə*-": "conjunction - and", "*hādār*": "noun, masculine, singular - glory/honor", "*pā'ŏlô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his work", "*ṣidqātô*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his righteousness", "*'ōmedet*": "participle, feminine, singular - standing/enduring", "*lā'ad*": "preposition with noun - forever/eternally" }, "variants": { "*Hôd*": "splendor/majesty/glory/honor", "*hādār*": "glory/honor/splendor/beauty", "*pā'ŏlô*": "his work/his deed/his action", "*ṣidqātô*": "his righteousness/his justice/his righteous acts", "*'ōmedet*": "standing/enduring/remaining/continuing", "*lā'ad*": "forever/eternally/perpetually" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.111.4", "source": "זֵ֣כֶר עָ֭שָׂה לְנִפְלְאֹתָ֑יו חַנּ֖וּן וְרַח֣וּם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Zēker* *'āśāh* *lə*-*niplə'ôtāyw* *ḥannûn* *və*-*raḥûm* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Zēker*": "noun, masculine, singular - memorial/remembrance", "*'āśāh*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made/did", "*lə*-": "preposition - for/to", "*niplə'ôtāyw*": "noun, feminine, plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wonders/miracles", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective, masculine, singular - gracious", "*və*-": "conjunction - and", "*raḥûm*": "adjective, masculine, singular - compassionate/merciful", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*Zēker*": "memorial/remembrance/commemoration/record", "*'āśāh*": "made/did/performed/established", "*niplə'ôtāyw*": "his wonders/his miracles/his marvelous works", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/favorable/showing favor", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful/showing mercy" } }
• Gen 26:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Genesis.26.33", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֹתָ֖הּ שִׁבְעָ֑ה עַל־כֵּ֤ן שֵׁם־הָעִיר֙ בְּאֵ֣ר שֶׁ֔בַע עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ ס", "text": "and-*wayyiqrāʾ* *ʾōtāh* *šibʿâ* therefore name-of-*hā-ʿîr* *bəʾēr* *šebaʿ* until *hay-yôm* *hazzeh*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect waw-consecutive of קרא - and he called", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it/her", "*šibʿâ*": "feminine singular noun - oath/seven", "*hā-ʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the city", "*bəʾēr*": "construct noun - well of", "*šebaʿ*": "cardinal number/noun - seven/oath", "*hay-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day", "*hazzeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*šibʿâ*": "oath/seven (wordplay on number seven and oath)", "*bəʾēr* *šebaʿ*": "well of oath/well of seven (wordplay)", "*hay-yôm* *hazzeh*": "this day/the present day/today" } }
• Gen 28:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.28.18", "source": "וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם יַעֲקֹ֜ב בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הָאֶ֙בֶן֙ אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣ם מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֔יו וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֹתָ֖הּ מַצֵּבָ֑ה וַיִּצֹ֥ק שֶׁ֖מֶן עַל־רֹאשָֽׁהּ", "text": "*wə-yaškēm* *yaʿăqōb* in-the-*bōqer* *wə-yiqqaḥ* *ʾet-hāʾeben* which-*śām* *mərʾašōtāyw* *wə-yāśem* *ʾōtāh* *maṣṣēbâ* *wə-yiṣōq* *šemen* on-*rōʾšāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaškēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he rose early", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the morning", "*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*ʾet-hāʾeben*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + definite article - the stone", "*śām*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he had put", "*mərʾašōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head-place", "*wə-yāśem*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he set up", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it", "*maṣṣēbâ*": "noun, feminine singular - pillar", "*wə-yiṣōq*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he poured", "*šemen*": "noun, masculine singular - oil", "*rōʾšāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its top" }, "variants": { "*yaškēm*": "rose early/got up early in the morning", "*bōqer*": "morning/daybreak/dawn", "*yiqqaḥ*": "took/gathered/picked up", "*ʾeben*": "stone/rock", "*śām*": "put/placed/positioned", "*mərʾašōtāyw*": "his head-place/his pillow/place for his head", "*yāśem*": "set up/erected/placed", "*maṣṣēbâ*": "pillar/standing stone/monument", "*yiṣōq*": "poured/poured out", "*šemen*": "oil/olive oil", "*rōʾšāh*": "its top/its head" } }
• Exod 24:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה עֲלֵ֥ה אֵלַ֛י הָהָ֖רָה וֶהְיֵה־שָׁ֑ם וְאֶתְּנָ֨ה לְךָ֜ אֶת־לֻחֹ֣ת הָאֶ֗בֶן וְהַתּוֹרָה֙ וְהַמִּצְוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּתַ֖בְתִּי לְהוֹרֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*Mōšeh* *ʿălēh* *ʾēlay* *hāhārāh* *wehyēh*-*šām* *wə-ʾettənāh* *ləkā* *ʾet*-*luḥōt* *hāʾeben* *wə-hattôrāh* *wə-hammiṣwāh* *ʾăšer* *kātabtî* *ləhôrōtām*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿălēh*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - go up", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + suffix, 1st common singular - to me", "*hāhārāh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - to the mountain", "*wehyēh*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperative masculine singular - and be", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*wə-ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal cohortative 1st common singular - and let me give", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix, 2nd masculine singular - to you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*luḥōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - tablets of", "*hāʾeben*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the stone", "*wə-hattôrāh*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the law", "*wə-hammiṣwāh*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the commandment", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*kātabtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st common singular - I have written", "*ləhôrōtām*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct + suffix, 3rd masculine plural - to teach them/for their instruction" }, "variants": { "*ʿălēh*": "go up/ascend/climb", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/panels/boards", "*hāʾeben*": "the stone/the rock", "*hattôrāh*": "the law/the instruction/the teaching", "*hammiṣwāh*": "the commandment/the precept/the ordinance", "*ləhôrōtām*": "to teach them/for their instruction/to guide them" } }
• Exod 28:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.28.21", "source": "וְ֠הָאֲבָנִים תִּֽהְיֶ֜יןָ עַל־שְׁמֹ֧ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל שְׁתֵּ֥ים עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה עַל־שְׁמֹתָ֑ם פִּתּוּחֵ֤י חוֹתָם֙ אִ֣ישׁ עַל־שְׁמ֔וֹ תִּֽהְיֶ֕יןָ לִשְׁנֵ֥י עָשָׂ֖ר שָֽׁבֶט׃", "text": "And the *ʾăḇānîm* *tihyeynā* upon the *šəmōṯ* of *bənê-yiśrāʾēl*, *šətêm ʿeśrēh* upon their *šəmōṯām*; *pittûḥê ḥôṯām*, *ʾîš* upon his *šəmô*, *tihyeynā* for *šənê ʿāśār šāḇeṭ*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but", "*hā-ʾăḇānîm*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the stones", "*tihyeynā*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they shall be", "*ʿal-šəmōṯ*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - upon names of", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine plural construct + proper name - sons of Israel", "*šətêm ʿeśrēh*": "feminine numeral - twelve", "*ʿal-šəmōṯām*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon their names", "*pittûḥê*": "masculine plural construct - engravings of", "*ḥôṯām*": "masculine singular noun - seal/signet", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one", "*ʿal-šəmô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon his name", "*lišnê*": "preposition + numeral construct - for two of/twelve", "*ʿāśār*": "numeral - ten", "*šāḇeṭ*": "masculine singular noun - tribe" }, "variants": { "*pittûḥê ḥôṯām*": "engravings of a seal/signet ring engravings", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/individually", "*šəmô*": "his name/its name", "*šənê ʿāśār šāḇeṭ*": "twelve tribes/twelve rods" } }
• Deut 34:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.34.6", "source": "וַיִּקְבֹּ֨ר אֹת֤וֹ בַגַּיְ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב מ֖וּל בֵּ֣ית פְּע֑וֹר וְלֹֽא־יָדַ֥ע אִישׁ֙ אֶת־קְבֻ֣רָת֔וֹ עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiqbōr* *'ōtô* in the *gay* in *'ereṣ* *Mô'āb* opposite *Bêt* *Pə'ôr*; and not *yāda'* *'îš* *'et*-*qəburātô* unto the *yôm* the *zeh*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqbōr*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he buried'", "*'ōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "*gay*": "masculine singular with definite article - 'the valley'", "*'ereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - 'land of'", "*Mô'āb*": "proper noun - 'Moab'", "*Bêt*": "construct state - 'house of'", "*Pə'ôr*": "proper noun - 'Peor'", "*yāda'*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'knew'", "*'îš*": "masculine singular - 'man/anyone'", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*qəburātô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his burial place/grave'", "*yôm*": "masculine singular with definite article - 'the day'", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective with definite article - 'this'" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqbōr*": "and he buried/and one buried", "*gay*": "valley/ravine/depression", "*'ereṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*yāda'*": "knew/was aware of/perceived", "*'îš*": "man/person/anyone", "*qəburātô*": "his burial place/his grave/his sepulcher", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*zeh*": "this/present" } }
• Josh 24:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Joshua.24.26", "source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֤ב יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה בְּסֵ֖פֶר תּוֹרַ֣ת אֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיִּקַּח֙ אֶ֣בֶן גְּדוֹלָ֔ה וַיְקִימֶ֣הָ שָּׁ֔ם תַּ֚חַת הָֽאַלָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּמִקְדַּ֥שׁ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yiktōb* *yəhôšuaʿ* *ʾet*-*ha-dəbārîm* *hā-ʾēlleh* *bə-sēper* *tôrat* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-yiqqaḥ* *ʾeben* *gədôlāh* *wa-yəqîmehā* *šām* *taḥat* *hā-ʾallāh* *ʾăšer* *bə-miqdaš* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiktōb*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he wrote", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-dəbārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the words", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective, plural - these", "*bə-sēper*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in book of", "*tôrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - law/instruction of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wa-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he took", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*gədôlāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - large/great", "*wa-yəqîmehā*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular apocopated + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and he set it up", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under", "*hā-ʾallāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the oak/terebinth", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*bə-miqdaš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in sanctuary of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton" }, "variants": { "*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things", "*sēper tôrat ʾĕlōhîm*": "book of the law of God/book of God's instruction", "*ʾeben*": "stone/rock", "*yəqîmehā*": "set it up/erect it/establish it", "*ʾallāh*": "oak/terebinth/large tree", "*miqdaš*": "sanctuary/holy place" } }
• Judg 1:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Judges.1.26", "source": "וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ הָאִ֔ישׁ אֶ֖רֶץ הַחִתִּ֑ים וַיִּ֣בֶן עִ֗יר וַיִּקְרָ֤א שְׁמָהּ֙ ל֔וּז ה֣וּא שְׁמָ֔הּ עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *yēlek* the *ʾîš* to *ʾereṣ* the *ḥittîm* and *yiben* *ʿîr* and *yiqrāʾ* *šəmāh* *lûz* *hûʾ* *šəmāh* until the *yôm* the *zeh*.", "grammar": { "*yēlek*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ḥittîm*": "proper noun with definite article, Hittites", "*yiben*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he built", "*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - a city", "*yiqrāʾ*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*šəmāh*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its name", "*lûz*": "proper noun, Luz", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it/that is", "*šəmāh*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its name", "*yôm*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*ʾereṣ* *ḥittîm*": "land of the Hittites", "*yiqrāʾ* *šəmāh*": "called its name/named it", "*yôm* *zeh*": "this day/to this day/until now" } }