Nehemiah 13:17

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.17", "source": "וָאָרִ֕יבָה אֵ֖ת חֹרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה וָאֹמְרָ֣ה לָהֶ֗ם מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֨ר הָרָ֤ע הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים וּֽמְחַלְּלִ֖ים אֶת־י֥וֹם הַשַׁבָּֽת׃", "text": "And *ʾārîbâ* *ʾēt* *ḥōrê* *yəhûdâ* and *ʾōmərâ* to them, 'What-the *dābār* the *rāʿ* the *zeh* which *ʾattem* *ʿōśîm*, and *məḥalləlîm* *ʾet*-*yôm* the *šabbāt*?'", "grammar": { "*ʾārîbâ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I contended/disputed", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ḥōrê*": "masculine plural construct - nobles/free-born/white ones of", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʾōmərâ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I said", "*dābār*": "masculine singular with definite article - word/thing/matter", "*rāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular with definite article - evil/bad", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun masculine singular with definite article - this", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*ʿōśîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - doing/making", "*məḥalləlîm*": "Piel participle masculine plural - profaning/desecrating", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of", "*šabbāt*": "feminine singular with definite article - the Sabbath" }, "variants": { "*ʾārîbâ*": "contended/disputed/strove with", "*ḥōrê*": "nobles/free-born men/white ones", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter/affair", "*rāʿ*": "evil/bad/wicked/harmful", "*məḥalləlîm*": "profaning/desecrating/defiling" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וָאָרִ֕יבָה אֵ֖ת חֹרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה וָאֹמְרָ֣ה לָהֶ֗ם מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֨ר הָרָ֤ע הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים וּֽמְחַלְּלִ֖ים אֶת־י֥וֹם הַשַׁבָּֽת׃

Transliteration

And ʾārîbâ ʾēt ḥōrê yəhûdâ and ʾōmərâ to them, 'What-the dābār the rāʿ the zeh which ʾattem ʿōśîm, and məḥalləlîm ʾet-yôm the šabbāt?'

Grammar Details

• *ʾārîbâ*: Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I contended/disputed
• *ʾēt*: direct object marker
• *ḥōrê*: masculine plural construct - nobles/free-born/white ones of
• *yəhûdâ*: proper noun - Judah
• *ʾōmərâ*: Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I said
• *dābār*: masculine singular with definite article - word/thing/matter
• *rāʿ*: adjective masculine singular with definite article - evil/bad
• *zeh*: demonstrative pronoun masculine singular with definite article - this
• *ʾattem*: 2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you
• *ʿōśîm*: Qal participle masculine plural - doing/making
• *məḥalləlîm*: Piel participle masculine plural - profaning/desecrating
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *yôm*: masculine singular construct - day of
• *šabbāt*: feminine singular with definite article - the Sabbath

Word Meanings

• *ʾārîbâ*: contended/disputed/strove with
• *ḥōrê*: nobles/free-born men/white ones
• *dābār*: word/thing/matter/affair
• *rāʿ*: evil/bad/wicked/harmful
• *məḥalləlîm*: profaning/desecrating/defiling

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  I reprimanded the nobles of Judah and said to them, "What is this wicked thing you are doing—profaning the Sabbath day?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profa the sabbath day?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said to them, What evil thing is this that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then reproued I the rulers in Iuda, and saide vnto them: What euell thinge is this that ye do, and breake the Sabbath daye?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then reprooued I the rulers of Iudah, and sayd vnto them, What euil thing is this that yee doe, and breake the Sabbath day?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then reproued I the rulers in Iuda, & sayd vnto them: What euyl thing is this that ye do, & breake the Sabbath day?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing [is] this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said to them, What evil thing is this that you do, and profane the Sabbath day?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And I strive with the freemen of Judah, and say to them, `What `is' this evil thing that ye are doing, and polluting the sabbath-day?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them, What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then I made protests to the chiefs of Judah, and said to them, What is this evil which you are doing, not keeping the Sabbath day holy?

• World English Bible (2000)

  Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said to them, "What evil thing is this that you do, and profane the Sabbath day?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So I registered a complaint with the nobles of Judah, saying to them,“What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day?

Referenced Verses

• Neh 13:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.11", "source": "וָאָרִ֙יבָה֙ אֶת־הַסְּגָנִ֔ים וָאֹ֣מְרָ֔ה מַדּ֖וּעַ נֶעֱזַ֣ב בֵּית־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וָֽאֶ֨קְבְּצֵ֔ם וָֽאַעֲמִדֵ֖ם עַל־עָמְדָֽם׃", "text": "And *wā'ārîḇāh* *'eṯ*-the *səḡānîm*, and *wā'ōmərāh*, \"*Maddûa'* *ne'ĕzaḇ* *bêṯ*-the *'ĕlōhîm*?\" And *wā'eqbəṣēm* and *wā'a'ămîḏēm* at-*'āməḏām*.", "grammar": { "*wā'ārîḇāh*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I contended/strove", "*'eṯ*": "direct object marker", "*səḡānîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - rulers/officials", "*wā'ōmərāh*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I said", "*Maddûa'*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*ne'ĕzaḇ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - is forsaken", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - God", "*wā'eqbəṣēm*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I gathered them", "*wā'a'ămîḏēm*": "Hiphil imperfect consecutive 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I set them", "*'āməḏām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their station/post" }, "variants": { "*wā'ārîḇāh*": "I contended/I strove/I disputed/I rebuked", "*səḡānîm*": "rulers/officials/prefects/deputies", "*ne'ĕzaḇ*": "is forsaken/is neglected/is abandoned", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods (plural form used for singular deity)", "*'āməḏām*": "their station/their post/their place/their duty" } }
• Neh 13:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.25", "source": "וָאָרִ֤יב עִמָּם֙ וָאֲקַֽלְלֵ֔ם וָאַכֶּ֥ה מֵהֶ֛ם אֲנָשִׁ֖ים וָֽאֶמְרְטֵ֑ם וָאַשְׁבִּיעֵ֣ם בֵּֽאלֹהִ֗ים אִם־תִּתְּנ֤וּ בְנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ לִבְנֵיהֶ֔ם וְאִם־תִּשְׂאוּ֙ מִבְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם לִבְנֵיכֶ֖ם וְלָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *ʾārîb* with them and *ʾăqalləlēm* and *ʾakkeh* from them *ʾănāšîm* and *ʾemrəṭēm* and *ʾašbîʿēm* by *ʾĕlōhîm*, 'If-*tittənû* *bənōtêkem* to *bənêhem* and if-*tiśʾû* from *bənōtêhem* to *bənêkem* and to yourselves.'", "grammar": { "*ʾārîb*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I contended", "*ʾăqalləlēm*": "Piel imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I cursed them", "*ʾakkeh*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I struck", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural - men", "*ʾemrəṭēm*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I plucked out their hair", "*ʾašbîʿēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I made them swear", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with preposition - by God", "*tittənû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will give", "*bənōtêkem*": "feminine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your daughters", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*tiśʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will take", "*bənōtêhem*": "feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their daughters", "*bənêkem*": "masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons" }, "variants": { "*ʾārîb*": "contended/strove/quarreled", "*ʾăqalləlēm*": "cursed them/reviled them", "*ʾakkeh*": "struck/beat/hit", "*ʾemrəṭēm*": "plucked out their hair/pulled out their hair", "*ʾašbîʿēm*": "made them swear/put them under oath", "*tiśʾû*": "take/carry/lift" } }
• Ps 82:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.82.1", "source": "מִזְמ֗וֹר לְאָ֫סָ֥ף אֱ‍ֽלֹהִ֗ים נִצָּ֥ב בַּעֲדַת־אֵ֑ל בְּקֶ֖רֶב אֱלֹהִ֣ים יִשְׁפֹּֽט׃", "text": "*mizmôr* to-*ʾĀsāp̄* *ʾĕlōhîm* *niṣṣāb* in-*ʿădat*-*ʾēl* in-*qereb* *ʾĕlōhîm* *yišpōṭ*", "grammar": { "*mizmôr*": "masculine singular noun - psalm/song", "to-*ʾĀsāp̄*": "preposition + proper name - belonging to/of Asaph", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - God", "*niṣṣāb*": "niphal participle masculine singular - stands/is standing", "in-*ʿădat*": "preposition + construct feminine singular noun - in assembly/congregation of", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/divine being", "in-*qereb*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - in midst of", "*yišpōṭ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he judges/will judge" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/judges", "*ʿădat-ʾēl*": "divine assembly/congregation of God/divine council", "*qereb*": "midst/among/within" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.82.2", "source": "עַד־מָתַ֥י תִּשְׁפְּטוּ־עָ֑וֶל וּפְנֵ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים תִּשְׂאוּ־סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "until-*mātay* *tišpəṭû*-*ʿāwel* and-*pənê* *rəšāʿîm* *tiśʾû*-*selāh*", "grammar": { "until-*mātay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when/how long", "*tišpəṭû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you judge/will judge", "*ʿāwel*": "masculine singular noun - injustice/unrighteousness", "and-*pənê*": "conjunction + construct masculine plural noun - and faces of", "*rəšāʿîm*": "masculine plural noun - wicked ones/evil doers", "*tiśʾû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you lift up/show favor", "*selāh*": "musical or liturgical term - pause/interlude" }, "variants": { "*tišpəṭû-ʿāwel*": "judge unjustly/judge with injustice", "*pənê*": "faces/persons/presence", "*tiśʾû*": "lift up/show partiality/be partial to/accept" } }
• Prov 28:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Proverbs.28.4", "source": "עֹזְבֵ֣י ת֭וֹרָה יְהַֽלְל֣וּ רָשָׁ֑ע וְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י ת֝וֹרָ֗ה יִתְגָּ֥רוּ בָֽם׃", "text": "*ʿōzḇê* *tôrāh* *yəhaləlû* *rāšāʿ* *wə-šōmərê* *tôrāh* *yiṯgārû* *ḇām*", "grammar": { "*ʿōzḇê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - those forsaking/abandoning", "*tôrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - law/teaching/instruction", "*yəhaləlû*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they praise", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular - wicked/evil person", "*wə-šōmərê*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine plural construct - and those keeping/observing", "*tôrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - law/teaching/instruction", "*yiṯgārû*": "Hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they contend/struggle", "*ḇām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them" }, "variants": { "*ʿōzḇê*": "those forsaking/those abandoning/those leaving", "*tôrāh*": "law/teaching/instruction", "*yəhaləlû*": "they praise/they commend", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evil one/guilty one", "*šōmərê*": "those keeping/those observing/those guarding", "*yiṯgārû*": "they contend with/they struggle against/they engage in conflict" } }
• Isa 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.10", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה קְצִינֵ֣י סְדֹ֑ם הַאֲזִ֛ינוּ תּוֹרַ֥ת אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ עַ֥ם עֲמֹרָֽה׃", "text": "*šim'û* *dᵉbar*-*YHWH* *qᵉṣînê* *sᵉdōm* *haʾăzînû* *tôrat* *ʾĕlōhênû* *'am* *'ămōrâ*", "grammar": { "*šim'û*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - hear", "*dᵉbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*qᵉṣînê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rulers of", "*sᵉdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*haʾăzînû*": "verb, hifil imperative, masculine plural - give ear to", "*tôrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - law/instruction of", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*'am*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*'ămōrâ*": "proper noun - Gomorrah" }, "variants": { "*šim'û*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dᵉbar*": "word/message/command", "*qᵉṣînê*": "rulers/chiefs/commanders", "*haʾăzînû*": "give ear to/listen attentively/pay attention to", "*tôrat*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction" } }
• Jer 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.5", "source": "אֵֽלֲכָה־לִּ֤י אֶל־הַגְּדֹלִים֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אוֹתָ֔ם כִּ֣י הֵ֗מָּה יָדְעוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם אַ֣ךְ הֵ֤מָּה יַחְדָּו֙ שָׁ֣בְרוּ עֹ֔ל נִתְּק֖וּ מוֹסֵרֽוֹת׃", "text": "*'ēlăkâ*-to me to-*haggədōlîm* and *'ădabbərâ* them, for *hēmmâ* *yādə'û* *derek* *YHWH*, *mišpaṭ* their *'ĕlōhîm*; surely *hēmmâ* *yaḥdāw* *šābərû* *'ōl*, *nittəqû* *môsērôt*.", "grammar": { "*'ēlăkâ*": "cohortative, 1st singular - I will go", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me/for myself", "*'el*": "preposition - to/toward", "*haggədōlîm*": "article + adjective, masculine plural - the great ones", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*'ădabbərâ*": "cohortative, 1st singular, piel - I will speak", "*'ôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hēmmâ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - they", "*yādə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they knew", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/road", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/justice", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*'ak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/altogether", "*šābərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they broke", "*'ōl*": "noun, masculine singular - yoke", "*nittəqû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they tore off/burst", "*môsērôt*": "noun, feminine plural - bonds/fetters" }, "variants": { "*'ēlăkâ*-*lî*": "I will go (for myself)", "*haggədōlîm*": "the great ones/leaders/nobles", "*yaḥdāw*": "together/all at once/alike", "*šābərû*": "they broke/shattered/destroyed", "*'ōl*": "yoke/burden", "*nittəqû*": "they tore off/burst/broke away", "*môsērôt*": "bonds/fetters/restraints" } }
• Jer 13:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.13.18", "source": "אֱמֹ֥ר לַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְלַגְּבִירָ֖ה הַשְׁפִּ֣ילוּ שֵׁ֑בוּ כִּ֤י יָרַד֙ מַרְאֲשׁ֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם עֲטֶ֖רֶת תִּֽפְאַרְתְּכֶֽם׃", "text": "*ʾĕmōr* to the *melek* and to the *gebîrâ*, *hashpîlû shēbû*, for *yārad marʾăshôtêkem ʿăṭeret tipʾartekhem*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĕmōr*": "imperative, masculine singular - say", "*lammelek*": "preposition with definite article with noun, masculine singular - to the king", "*welagebîrâ*": "conjunction with preposition with definite article with noun, feminine singular - and to the queen mother", "*hashpîlû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - humble yourselves", "*shēbû*": "imperative, masculine plural - sit down", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yārad*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has come down", "*marʾăshôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your head-place/your headtier", "*ʿăṭeret*": "noun, feminine singular construct - crown of", "*tipʾartekhem*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your beauty/glory" }, "variants": { "*gebîrâ*": "queen mother/mistress", "*marʾăshôtêkem*": "your head coverings/your headpieces", "*ʿăṭeret*": "crown/diadem", "*tipʾartekhem*": "your glory/your splendor/your beauty" } }
• Jer 22:2-9 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.2", "source": "׃22 2 וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֔ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֣א דָוִ֑ד אַתָּ֤ה וַעֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ וְעַמְּךָ֔ הַבָּאִ֖ים בַּשְּׁעָרִ֥ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃ ס", "text": "And *wᵉʾāmartā* *šᵉmaʿ* *dᵉbar-YHWH* *melek* *Yᵉhûdāh* the *hayyōšēb* upon *kissēʾ* *Dāwid*, you and *ʿăbādeykā* and *ʿammᵉkā* the *bāʾîm* in *šᵉʿārîm* the these.", "grammar": { "*wᵉʾāmartā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall say", "*šᵉmaʿ*": "imperative, masculine singular - hear/listen", "*dᵉbar-YHWH*": "construct state - word of YHWH", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*hayyōšēb*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular - the one sitting/dwelling", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*kissēʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - throne of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʿăbādeykā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servants", "*ʿammᵉkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*habbāʾîm*": "definite article + participle, masculine plural - the ones entering/coming", "*ba-šᵉʿārîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - in the gates", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative, plural - these" }, "variants": { "*šᵉmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dᵉbar*": "word/command/matter", "*yōšēb*": "sitting/dwelling/enthroned", "*bāʾîm*": "coming/entering" } } 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.3", "source": "׃22 3 כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה עֲשׂ֤וּ מִשְׁפָּט֙ וּצְדָקָ֔ה וְהַצִּ֥ילוּ גָז֖וּל מִיַּ֣ד עָשׁ֑וֹק וְגֵר֩ יָת֨וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֤ה אַל־תֹּנוּ֙ אַל־תַּחְמֹ֔סוּ וְדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י אַֽל־תִּשְׁפְּכ֖וּ בַּמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, *ʿăśû* *mišpāṭ* and *ṣᵉdāqāh* and *haṣṣîlû* *gāzûl* from *yad* *ʿāšôq*, and *gēr* *yātôm* and *ʾalmānāh* not *tōnû*, not *taḥmōsû*, and *dām* *nāqî* not *tišpᵉkû* in *hammāqôm* the this.", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus, so", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿăśû*": "imperative, masculine plural - do/practice", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment", "*û-ṣᵉdāqāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and righteousness", "*wᵉ-haṣṣîlû*": "conjunction + imperative, masculine plural, hiphil - and rescue/deliver", "*gāzûl*": "passive participle, masculine singular - one who is robbed/plundered", "*mi-yad*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from hand of", "*ʿāšôq*": "noun, masculine singular - oppressor", "*wᵉ-gēr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and foreigner/sojourner", "*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan", "*wᵉ-ʾalmānāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and widow", "*ʾal-tōnû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, hiphil jussive - do not oppress/wrong", "*ʾal-taḥmōsû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, qal jussive - do not treat violently", "*wᵉ-dām*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and blood of", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - innocent/clean", "*ʾal-tišpᵉkû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, qal jussive - do not shed", "*ba-mmāqôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the place", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/legal decision", "*ṣᵉdāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/right behavior", "*gāzûl*": "one robbed/plundered/stolen", "*ʿāšôq*": "oppressor/extortioner", "*tōnû*": "oppress/wrong/mistreat", "*taḥmōsû*": "treat violently/deal ruthlessly/wrong", "*nāqî*": "innocent/blameless/clean" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.4", "source": "׃22 4 כִּ֤י אִם־עָשׂוֹ֙ תַּֽעֲשׂ֔וּ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה וּבָ֣אוּ בְשַׁעֲרֵ֣י הַבַּ֣יִת הַזֶּ֡ה מְלָכִים֩ יֹשְׁבִ֨ים לְדָוִ֜ד עַל־כִּסְא֗וֹ רֹֽכְבִים֙ בָּרֶ֣כֶב וּבַסּוּסִ֔ים ה֥וּא *ועבדו **וַעֲבָדָ֖יו וְעַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "For if *ʿāśô* *taʿăśû* *ʾet-haddābār* the this, then *ûbāʾû* in *šaʿărê* *habbayit* the this *mᵉlākîm* *yōšᵉbîm* to *Dāwid* on *kisʾô* *rōkᵉbîm* in *rêkeb* and in *sûsîm*, he and *ʿăbādāyw* and *ʿammô*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*ʿāśô*": "infinitive absolute, qal - doing", "*taʿăśû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, qal - you will do", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-dābār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the word/matter", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative, masculine singular - this", "*û-bāʾû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive - then will enter", "*bᵉ-šaʿărê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in gates of", "*ha-bayit*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the house", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative, masculine singular - this", "*mᵉlākîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*yōšᵉbîm*": "participle, masculine plural, qal - sitting/dwelling", "*lᵉ-Dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for David", "*ʿal-kisʾô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - on his throne", "*rōkᵉbîm*": "participle, masculine plural, qal - riding", "*bā-rêkeb*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the chariot", "*û-ba-ssûsîm*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and on the horses", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*wᵉ-ʿammô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his people" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśô taʿăśû*": "emphatic construction: surely do/indeed do", "*dābār*": "word/matter/thing", "*yōšᵉbîm*": "sitting/dwelling/reigning", "*rōkᵉbîm*": "riding/mounted" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.5", "source": "׃22 5 וְאִם֙ לֹ֣א תִשְׁמְע֔וּ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה בִּ֤י נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּי־לְחָרְבָּ֥ה יִֽהְיֶ֖ה הַבַּ֥יִת הַזֶּֽה׃ ס", "text": "But if not *tišmᵉʿû* *ʾet-haddᵉbārîm* the these, in me *nišbaʿtî* *nᵉʾum-YHWH* that to *ḥorbāh* *yihyeh* *habbayit* the this.", "grammar": { "*wᵉ-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - but if", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tišmᵉʿû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, qal - you will hear/listen", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-dᵉbārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the words/matters", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative, plural - these", "*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - by/in me", "*nišbaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st singular, niphal - I have sworn", "*nᵉʾum-YHWH*": "construct - declaration of YHWH", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/for", "*lᵉ-ḥorbāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to ruin/waste", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - it will be", "*ha-bayit*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the house", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*tišmᵉʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*nišbaʿtî*": "I have sworn/taken an oath", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*ḥorbāh*": "ruin/waste/desolation" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.6", "source": "׃22 6 כִּֽי־כֹ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה עַל־בֵּית֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה גִּלְעָ֥ד אַתָּ֛ה לִ֖י רֹ֣אשׁ הַלְּבָנ֑וֹן אִם־לֹ֤א אֲשִֽׁיתְךָ֙ מִדְבָּ֔ר עָרִ֖ים לֹ֥א *נושבה **נוֹשָֽׁבוּ׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* concerning *bêt* *melek* *Yᵉhûdāh*, *Gilʿād* you to me *rōʾš* *hallᵉbānôn*, if not *ʾăšîtᵉkā* *midbār*, *ʿārîm* not *nôšābû*.", "grammar": { "*kî-kōh*": "conjunction + adverb - for thus", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿal-bêt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - concerning house of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*Gilʿād*": "proper noun - Gilead", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*ha-llᵉbānôn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Lebanon", "*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conditional particle + negative particle - if not (formula for oath)", "*ʾăšîtᵉkā*": "imperfect, 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix, qal - I will make you", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nôšābû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural, niphal - they are inhabited" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš*": "head/top/summit", "*ʾăšîtᵉkā*": "I will make you/set you/place you", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*nôšābû*": "they are inhabited/settled/occupied" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.7", "source": "׃22 7 וְקִדַּשְׁתִּ֥י עָלֶ֛יךָ מַשְׁחִתִ֖ים אִ֣ישׁ וְכֵלָ֑יו וְכָֽרְתוּ֙ מִבְחַ֣ר אֲרָזֶ֔יךָ וְהִפִּ֖ילוּ עַל־הָאֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "And *qiddaštî* against you *mašḥitîm*, *ʾîš* and *kēlāyw*, and *kārᵉtû* *mibḥar* *ʾărāzeykā* and *hippîlû* upon *hāʾēš*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉ-qiddaštî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive, piel - and I will consecrate", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - against you", "*mašḥitîm*": "participle, masculine plural, hiphil - destroyers", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*wᵉ-kēlāyw*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his tools/weapons", "*wᵉ-kārᵉtû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, qal - and they will cut down", "*mibḥar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - choice of", "*ʾărāzeykā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your cedars", "*wᵉ-hippîlû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, hiphil - and they will cast", "*ʿal-hā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - upon the fire" }, "variants": { "*qiddaštî*": "I will consecrate/sanctify/set apart", "*mašḥitîm*": "destroyers/ravagers", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one", "*kēlāyw*": "his tools/implements/weapons", "*kārᵉtû*": "they will cut down/cut off", "*mibḥar*": "choice/best/select", "*hippîlû*": "they will cast/throw/fell" } } 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.8", "source": "׃22 8 וְעָֽבְרוּ֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים עַ֖ל הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֑את וְאָֽמְרוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֔הוּ עַל־מֶ֨ה עָשָׂ֤ה יְהוָה֙ כָּ֔כָה לָעִ֥יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֖ה הַזֹּֽאת׃", "text": "And *ʿābᵉrû* *gôyim* *rabbîm* by *hāʿîr* the this, and *ʾāmᵉrû* *ʾîš* to *rēʿēhû*, for what *ʿāśāh* *YHWH* thus to *ʿîr* the great the this?", "grammar": { "*wᵉ-ʿābᵉrû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, qal - and they will pass", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many", "*ʿal*": "preposition - by/near/over", "*hā-ʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city", "*ha-zzōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative, feminine singular - this", "*wᵉ-ʾāmᵉrû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, qal - and they will say", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*ʾel-rēʿēhû*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his neighbor", "*ʿal-meh*": "preposition + interrogative - for what", "*ʿāśāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he did", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*kākāh*": "adverb - thus/like this", "*lā-ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the city", "*ha-ggᵉdôlāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the great", "*ha-zzōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative, feminine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*ʿābᵉrû*": "they will pass by/cross over", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/companion/fellow" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.9", "source": "׃22 9 וְאָ֣מְר֔וּ עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָֽזְב֔וּ אֶת־בְּרִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֛וּ לֵאלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים וַיַּעַבְדֽוּם׃ ס", "text": "And *ʾāmᵉrû*, because *ʾašer* *ʿāzᵉbû* *ʾet-bᵉrît* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem* and *yištaḥăwû* to *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *yaʿabdûm*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉ-ʾāmᵉrû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, qal - and they will say", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because", "*ʾašer*": "relative pronoun - that/which/because", "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural, qal - they forsook", "*ʾet-bᵉrît*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*way-yištaḥăwû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, hishtaphel - and they bowed down", "*lē-ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - to gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*way-yaʿabdûm*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd common plural with waw consecutive, qal + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they served them" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "they forsook/abandoned/left", "*bᵉrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*yištaḥăwû*": "they bowed down/prostrated themselves/worshiped", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities/divine beings", "*yaʿabdûm*": "they served them/worked for them/worshiped them" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.10", "source": "׃22 10 אַל־תִּבְכּ֣וּ לְמֵ֔ת וְאַל־תָּנֻ֖דוּ ל֑וֹ בְּכ֤וּ בָכוֹ֙ לַֽהֹלֵ֔ךְ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָשׁוּב֙ ע֔וֹד וְרָאָ֖ה אֶת־אֶ֥רֶץ מוֹלַדְתּֽוֹ׃ ס", "text": "Not *tibkû* for *mēt* and not *tānudû* for him; *bᵉkû bākô* for *hōlēk* for not *yāšûb* again and *rāʾāh* *ʾet-ʾereṣ* *môladtô*.", "grammar": { "*ʾal-tibkû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, qal, jussive - do not weep", "*lᵉ-mēt*": "preposition + participle, masculine singular, qal - for the dead", "*wᵉ-ʾal-tānudû*": "conjunction + negative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, qal, jussive - and do not mourn", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for him", "*bᵉkû bākô*": "imperative, masculine plural, qal + infinitive absolute, qal - weep intensely", "*la-hōlēk*": "preposition + participle, masculine singular, qal - for the one going", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yāšûb*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he will return", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/yet", "*wᵉ-rāʾāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and see", "*ʾet-ʾereṣ*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the land of", "*môladtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his birth/native land" }, "variants": { "*tibkû*": "weep/cry", "*mēt*": "dead one/deceased", "*tānudû*": "mourn/lament/show sympathy", "*bᵉkû bākô*": "weep intensely/weep bitterly", "*hōlēk*": "one going/departing/exiled", "*yāšûb*": "he will return/come back", "*môladtô*": "his birth/native land/homeland" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.11", "source": "׃22 11 כִּ֣י כֹ֣ה אָֽמַר־יְ֠הוָה אֶל־שַׁלֻּ֨ם בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֜הוּ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֗ה הַמֹּלֵךְ֙ תַּ֚חַת יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ אָבִ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָצָ֖א מִן־הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה לֹֽא־יָשׁ֥וּב שָׁ֖ם עֽוֹד׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar-YHWH* concerning *Šallum* son of *Yōʾšiyyāhû* *melek* *Yᵉhûdāh* the *mōlēk* instead of *Yōʾšiyyāhû* *ʾābîw*, who *yāṣāʾ* from *hammāqôm* the this: not *yāšûb* there again.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus, so", "*ʾāmar-YHWH*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal + divine name - YHWH said", "*ʾel-Šallum*": "preposition + proper noun - concerning Shallum", "*ben-Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Josiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ha-mmōlēk*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular, qal - the one reigning", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of/in place of", "*Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Josiah", "*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*yāṣāʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he went out", "*min-ha-mmāqôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - from the place", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative, masculine singular - this", "*lōʾ-yāšûb*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he will not return", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/yet/still" }, "variants": { "*mōlēk*": "one reigning/ruling/being king", "*yāṣāʾ*": "he went out/departed/left", "*māqôm*": "place/location/site", "*yāšûb*": "he will return/come back" } } 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.12", "source": "׃22 12 כִּ֗י בִּמְק֛וֹם אֲשֶׁר־הִגְל֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ שָׁ֣ם יָמ֑וּת וְאֶת־הָאָ֥רֶץ הַזֹּ֖את לֹֽא־יִרְאֶ֥ה עֽוֹד׃ ס", "text": "For in *mᵉqôm* that *higlû* him there *yāmût*, and *ʾet-hāʾāreṣ* the this not *yirʾeh* again.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bi-mᵉqôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*higlû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural, hiphil - they exiled", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*yāmût*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he will die", "*wᵉ-ʾet-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the land", "*ha-zzōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative, feminine singular - this", "*lōʾ-yirʾeh*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he will not see", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/yet/still" }, "variants": { "*mᵉqôm*": "place/location/site", "*higlû*": "they exiled/deported/carried away captive", "*yāmût*": "he will die/expire", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*yirʾeh*": "he will see/behold/view" } } 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.13", "source": "׃22 13 ה֣וֹי בֹּנֶ֤ה בֵיתוֹ֙ בְּֽלֹא־צֶ֔דֶק וַעֲלִיּוֹתָ֖יו בְּלֹ֣א מִשְׁפָּ֑ט בְּרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יַעֲבֹ֣ד חִנָּ֔ם וּפֹעֲל֖וֹ לֹ֥א יִתֶּן־לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Hôy* *bōneh* *bêtô* with no *ṣedeq* and *ʿăliyyôtāyw* with no *mišpāṭ*, with *rēʿēhû* *yaʿăbōd* *ḥinnām* and *pōʿŏlô* not *yitten-lô*.", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe", "*bōneh*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - building", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*bᵉ-lōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no/without", "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness", "*wa-ʿăliyyôtāyw*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his upper chambers", "*bᵉ-lōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no/without", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice", "*bᵉ-rēʿēhû*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with his neighbor", "*yaʿăbōd*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he makes work", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - without pay/for nothing", "*û-pōʿŏlô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his wages", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yitten-lô*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he gives to him" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas", "*bōneh*": "building/constructing", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/right", "*ʿăliyyôtāyw*": "his upper chambers/upper rooms", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right", "*yaʿăbōd*": "he makes work/employs/uses service of", "*ḥinnām*": "without pay/for nothing/freely", "*pōʿŏlô*": "his wages/payment/work" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.14", "source": "׃22 14 הָאֹמֵ֗ר אֶבְנֶה־לִּי֙ בֵּ֣ית מִדּ֔וֹת וַעֲלִיּ֖וֹת מְרֻוָּחִ֑ים וְקָ֤רַֽע לוֹ֙ חַלּוֹנָ֔י וְסָפ֣וּן בָּאָ֔רֶז וּמָשׁ֖וֹחַ בַּשָּׁשַֽׁר׃", "text": "The *ʾōmēr*, '*ʾebneh-lî* *bêt* *middôt* and *ʿăliyyôt* *mᵉruwwāḥîm*,' and *qāraʿ* for himself *ḥallônāy* and *sāpûn* with *ʾārez* and *māšôaḥ* with *šāšar*.", "grammar": { "*hā-ʾōmēr*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular, qal - the one saying", "*ʾebneh-lî*": "imperfect, 1st singular, qal + preposition with 1st singular suffix - I will build for myself", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*middôt*": "noun, feminine plural - measurements/dimensions", "*wa-ʿăliyyôt*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural - and upper chambers", "*mᵉruwwāḥîm*": "participle, masculine plural, pual - spacious/roomy", "*wᵉ-qāraʿ*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and he cuts", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for himself", "*ḥallônāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my windows", "*wᵉ-sāpûn*": "conjunction + passive participle, masculine singular, qal - and paneled", "*bā-ʾārez*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the cedar", "*û-māšôaḥ*": "conjunction + passive participle, masculine singular, qal - and painted", "*ba-ššāšar*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with vermilion" }, "variants": { "*ʾōmēr*": "one saying/speaking", "*ʾebneh*": "I will build/construct", "*bêt middôt*": "spacious house/large house/house of dimensions", "*ʿăliyyôt*": "upper chambers/upper rooms", "*mᵉruwwāḥîm*": "spacious/roomy/airy", "*qāraʿ*": "he cuts/tears/makes", "*ḥallônāy*": "my windows/openings", "*sāpûn*": "paneled/covered/ceiling", "*ʾārez*": "cedar/cedar wood", "*māšôaḥ*": "painted/anointed/smeared", "*šāšar*": "vermilion/red ochre/bright red paint" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.15", "source": "׃22 15 הֲתִֽמְלֹ֔ךְ כִּ֥י אַתָּ֖ה מְתַחֲרֶ֣ה בָאָ֑רֶז אָבִ֜יךָ הֲל֧וֹא אָכַ֣ל וְשָׁתָ֗ה וְעָשָׂ֤ה מִשְׁפָּט֙ וּצְדָקָ֔ה אָ֖ז ט֥וֹב לֽוֹ׃", "text": "Will you *timlōk* because you *mᵉtaḥăreh* in *ʾārez*? *ʾābîkā* did not he *ʾākal* and *šātāh* and *ʿāśāh* *mišpāṭ* and *ṣᵉdāqāh*? Then *ṭôb* for him.", "grammar": { "*hă-timlōk*": "interrogative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine singular, qal - will you reign", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*mᵉtaḥăreh*": "participle, masculine singular, hithpael - competing", "*bā-ʾārez*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in cedar", "*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father", "*hă-lôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - did not", "*ʾākal*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he ate", "*wᵉ-šātāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and drank", "*wᵉ-ʿāśāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and did", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice", "*û-ṣᵉdāqāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and righteousness", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for him" }, "variants": { "*timlōk*": "you will reign/rule/be king", "*mᵉtaḥăreh*": "competing/contending/rivaling", "*ʾārez*": "cedar/cedar wood", "*ʾākal*": "he ate/consumed/dined", "*šātāh*": "he drank/imbibed", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/what is right", "*ṣᵉdāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/what is right", "*ṭôb*": "good/well/favorable" } } 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.16", "source": "׃22 16 דָּ֛ן דִּין־עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְי֖וֹן אָ֣ז ט֑וֹב הֲלוֹא־הִ֛יא הַדַּ֥עַת אֹתִ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Dān* *dîn-ʿānî* and *ʾebyôn* then *ṭôb*. Is not this the *daʿat* me? *nᵉʾum-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*dān*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he judged", "*dîn-ʿānî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + adjective, masculine singular - cause of poor", "*wᵉ-ʾebyôn*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and needy", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*hă-lôʾ-hîʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle + 3rd feminine singular pronoun - is not this", "*ha-ddaʿat*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular construct - the knowledge of", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st singular suffix - me", "*nᵉʾum-YHWH*": "noun, masculine singular construct + divine name - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*dān dîn*": "judged the cause/rendered justice", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute", "*daʿat*": "knowledge/understanding/cognizance", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.17", "source": "׃22 17 כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין עֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ וְלִבְּךָ֔ כִּ֖י אִם־עַל־בִּצְעֶ֑ךָ וְעַ֤ל דַּֽם־הַנָּקִי֙ לִשְׁפּ֔וֹךְ וְעַל־הָעֹ֥שֶׁק וְעַל־הַמְּרוּצָ֖ה לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃ ס", "text": "For not *ʿêneykā* and *libbᵉkā* except upon *biṣʿekā* and upon *dam-hannāqî* to *lišpôk* and upon *hāʿōšeq* and upon *hammᵉrûṣāh* to *laʿăśôt*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʿêneykā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*wᵉ-libbᵉkā*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your heart", "*kî ʾim-ʿal*": "conjunction + conditional particle + preposition - except upon", "*biṣʿekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your unjust gain", "*wᵉ-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon", "*dam-ha-nnāqî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - blood of the innocent", "*li-špôk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal - to shed", "*wᵉ-ʿal-hā-ʿōšeq*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and upon the oppression", "*wᵉ-ʿal-ha-mmᵉrûṣāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and upon the crushing", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal - to do" }, "variants": { "*biṣʿekā*": "your unjust gain/dishonest profit/covetousness", "*dam-hannāqî*": "blood of the innocent/innocent blood", "*lišpôk*": "to shed/pour out", "*hāʿōšeq*": "the oppression/extortion", "*hammᵉrûṣāh*": "the crushing/oppression/violence", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do/perform/commit" } } 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.18", "source": "׃22 18 לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־יְהוֹיָקִ֤ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה לֹא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי אָחִ֖י וְה֣וֹי אָח֑וֹת לֹא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי אָד֖וֹן וְה֥וֹי הֹדֹֽה׃", "text": "Therefore thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* concerning *Yᵉhôyāqîm* son of *Yōʾšiyyāhû* *melek* *Yᵉhûdāh*: Not *yispᵉdû* for him, '*Hôy* *ʾāḥî*' and '*Hôy* *ʾāḥôt*'; not *yispᵉdû* for him, '*Hôy* *ʾādôn*' and '*Hôy* *hōdōh*'.", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*kōh-ʾāmar*": "adverb + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - thus said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾel-Yᵉhôyāqîm*": "preposition + proper noun - concerning Jehoiakim", "*ben-Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Josiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*lōʾ-yispᵉdû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd common plural, qal - they will not lament", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for him", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*ʾāḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my brother", "*wᵉ-hôy*": "conjunction + interjection - and woe/alas", "*ʾāḥôt*": "noun, feminine singular - sister", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*ʾādôn*": "noun, masculine singular - lord/master", "*wᵉ-hôy*": "conjunction + interjection - and woe/alas", "*hōdōh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his majesty" }, "variants": { "*yispᵉdû*": "they will lament/mourn/wail", "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*ʾāḥî*": "my brother", "*ʾāḥôt*": "sister", "*ʾādôn*": "lord/master/sir", "*hōdōh*": "his majesty/splendor/glory" } } 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.19", "source": "׃22 19 קְבוּרַ֥ת חֲמ֖וֹר יִקָּבֵ֑ר סָח֣וֹב וְהַשְׁלֵ֔ךְ מֵהָ֖לְאָה לְשַׁעֲרֵ֥י יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃ ס", "text": "*Qᵉbûrat* *ḥămôr* *yiqqābēr*, *sāḥôb* and *hašlēk* beyond to *šaʿărê* *Yᵉrûšālāim*.", "grammar": { "*qᵉbûrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - burial of", "*ḥămôr*": "noun, masculine singular - donkey", "*yiqqābēr*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - he will be buried", "*sāḥôb*": "infinitive absolute, qal - dragging", "*wᵉ-hašlēk*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute, hiphil - and throwing", "*mē-hālʾāh*": "preposition + adverb - beyond/outside", "*lᵉ-šaʿărê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - to gates of", "*Yᵉrûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*qᵉbûrat ḥămôr*": "burial of a donkey/donkey's burial", "*yiqqābēr*": "he will be buried/entombed", "*sāḥôb*": "dragging/pulling", "*hašlēk*": "throwing/casting/flinging", "*hālʾāh*": "beyond/farther/outside" } } 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.20", "source": "׃22 20 עֲלִ֤י הַלְּבָנוֹן֙ וּֽצְעָ֔קִי וּבַבָּשָׁ֖ן תְּנִ֣י קוֹלֵ֑ךְ וְצַֽעֲקִי֙ מֵֽעֲבָרִ֔ים כִּ֥י נִשְׁבְּר֖וּ כָּל־מְאַהֲבָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*ʿălî* *hallᵉbānôn* and *ṣᵉʿāqî* and in *bāšān* *tᵉnî* *qôlēk* and *ṣaʿăqî* from *ʿăbārîm*, for *nišbᵉrû* all *mᵉʾahăbāyik*.", "grammar": { "*ʿălî*": "imperative, feminine singular, qal - go up", "*ha-llᵉbānôn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Lebanon", "*û-ṣᵉʿāqî*": "conjunction + imperative, feminine singular, qal - and cry out", "*û-ba-bbāšān*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + proper noun - and in Bashan", "*tᵉnî*": "imperative, feminine singular, qal - give", "*qôlēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your voice", "*wᵉ-ṣaʿăqî*": "conjunction + imperative, feminine singular, qal - and cry out", "*mē-ʿăbārîm*": "preposition + proper noun, plural - from Abarim", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*nišbᵉrû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural, niphal - they are broken", "*kol-mᵉʾahăbāyik*": "noun, masculine singular construct + participle, piel masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - all your lovers" }, "variants": { "*ʿălî*": "go up/ascend/climb", "*ṣᵉʿāqî*": "cry out/shout/call for help", "*tᵉnî*": "give/deliver/provide", "*ṣaʿăqî*": "cry out/shout/call for help", "*nišbᵉrû*": "they are broken/shattered/crushed", "*mᵉʾahăbāyik*": "your lovers/allies/friends" } } 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.21", "source": "׃22 21 דִּבַּ֤רְתִּי אֵלַ֙יִךְ֙ בְּשַׁלְוֺתַ֔יִךְ אָמַ֖רְתְּ לֹ֣א אֶשְׁמָ֑ע זֶ֤ה דַרְכֵּךְ֙ מִנְּעוּרַ֔יִךְ כִּ֥י לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֖עַתְּ בְּקוֹלִֽי׃", "text": "*Dibbartî* to you in *šalwōtayik*, *ʾāmart* not *ʾešmāʿ*. This *darkēk* from *nᵉʿûrayik* that not *šāmaʿat* in *qôlî*.", "grammar": { "*dibbartî*": "perfect, 1st singular, piel - I spoke", "*ʾēlayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*bᵉ-šalwōtayik*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your prosperity", "*ʾāmart*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular, qal - you said", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾešmāʿ*": "imperfect, 1st singular, qal - I will hear/listen", "*zeh*": "demonstrative, masculine singular - this", "*darkēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your way", "*mi-nnᵉʿûrayik*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your youth", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/for", "*lōʾ-šāmaʿat*": "negative particle + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, qal - you did not listen", "*bᵉ-qôlî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - to my voice" }, "variants": { "*dibbartî*": "I spoke/declared/talked", "*šalwōtayik*": "your prosperity/ease/security", "*ʾešmāʿ*": "I will hear/listen/obey", "*darkēk*": "your way/path/manner", "*nᵉʿûrayik*": "your youth/young age", "*šāmaʿat*": "you heard/listened/obeyed", "*qôlî*": "my voice/sound/utterance" } } 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.22", "source": "׃22 22 כָּל־רֹעַ֙יִךְ֙ תִּרְעֶה־ר֔וּחַ וּֽמְאַהֲבַ֖יִךְ בַּשְּׁבִ֣י יֵלֵ֑כוּ כִּ֣י אָ֤ז תֵּבֹ֙שִׁי֙ וְנִכְלַ֔מְתְּ מִכֹּ֖ל רָעָתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "All *rōʿayik* *tirʿeh-rûaḥ* and *mᵉʾahăbayik* in *šᵉbî* *yēlēkû*, for then *tēbōšî* and *niklamt* from all *rāʿātēk*.", "grammar": { "*kol-rōʿayik*": "noun, masculine singular construct + participle, masculine plural, qal with 2nd feminine singular suffix - all your shepherds", "*tirʿeh-rûaḥ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal + noun, feminine singular - will shepherd wind", "*û-mᵉʾahăbayik*": "conjunction + participle, piel masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your lovers", "*ba-ššᵉbî*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into captivity", "*yēlēkû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they will go", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*tēbōšî*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine singular, qal - you will be ashamed", "*wᵉ-niklamt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, niphal - and be humiliated", "*mi-kkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from all", "*rāʿātēk*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wickedness" }, "variants": { "*rōʿayik*": "your shepherds/rulers/leaders", "*tirʿeh-rûaḥ*": "will shepherd wind/feed on wind/be futile", "*mᵉʾahăbayik*": "your lovers/allies", "*šᵉbî*": "captivity/exile", "*yēlēkû*": "they will go/depart/walk", "*tēbōšî*": "you will be ashamed/disgraced", "*niklamt*": "be humiliated/dishonored", "*rāʿātēk*": "your wickedness/evil/trouble" } } 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.23", "source": "׃22 23 *ישבתי **יֹשַׁבְתְּ֙ בַּלְּבָנ֔וֹן *מקננתי **מְקֻנַּ֖נְתְּ בָּֽאֲרָזִ֑ים מַה־נֵּחַנְתְּ֙ בְּבֹא־לָ֣ךְ חֲבָלִ֔ים חִ֖יל כַּיֹלֵדָֽה׃", "text": "*Yōšabt* in *ballᵉbānôn*, *mᵉqunnant* in *ʾărāzîm*. How *nēḥant* when come to you *ḥăbālîm*, *ḥîl* like *yōlēdāh*.", "grammar": { "*yōšabt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular, qal - you dwelt", "*ba-llᵉbānôn*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - in Lebanon", "*mᵉqunnant*": "participle, feminine singular, pual - nested", "*bā-ʾărāzîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - in cedars", "*mah*": "interrogative - how", "*nēḥant*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular, niphal - you will be pitied", "*bᵉ-bōʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal - when come", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*ḥăbālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - pains", "*ḥîl*": "noun, masculine singular - anguish", "*ka-yyōlēdāh*": "preposition + definite article + participle, feminine singular, qal - like the one giving birth" }, "variants": { "*yōšabt*": "you dwelt/lived/resided", "*mᵉqunnant*": "nested/made your nest", "*ʾărāzîm*": "cedars/cedar trees", "*nēḥant*": "you will be pitied/shown favor/gracious", "*ḥăbālîm*": "pains/pangs/travail", "*ḥîl*": "anguish/pain/writhing", "*yōlēdāh*": "one giving birth/woman in labor" } }
• Mic 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Micah.3.1", "source": "וָאֹמַ֗ר שִׁמְעוּ־נָא֙ רָאשֵׁ֣י יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּקְצִינֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הֲל֣וֹא לָכֶ֔ם לָדַ֖עַת אֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "And *wāʾōmar* *šimʿû-nāʾ* *rāʾšê* *yaʿăqōb* and-*qĕṣînê* *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl* *hălôʾ* to-you to-*lādaʿat* *ʾet*-the-*mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "1st person singular, waw-consecutive imperfect - and I said", "*šimʿû-nāʾ*": "2nd person masculine plural imperative with particle of entreaty - hear/listen please", "*rāʾšê*": "masculine plural construct - heads of/leaders of", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper name - Jacob", "*qĕṣînê*": "masculine plural construct - rulers/officers of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is it not?", "*lādaʿat*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to know", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment/justice" }, "variants": { "*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/and I will say", "*šimʿû-nāʾ*": "listen please/hear now", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right/lawful claim" } }
• Mic 3:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Micah.3.9", "source": "שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֣א זֹ֗את רָאשֵׁי֙ בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּקְצִינֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הַֽמֲתַעֲבִ֣ים מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וְאֵ֥ת כָּל־הַיְשָׁרָ֖ה יְעַקֵּֽשׁוּ׃", "text": "*šimʿû-nāʾ* this *rāʾšê* *bêt* *yaʿăqōb* and-*qĕṣînê* *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl* the-*mĕtaʿăbîm* *mišpāṭ* and-*ʾēt* all-the-*yĕšārâ* *yĕʿaqqēšû*", "grammar": { "*šimʿû-nāʾ*": "2nd person masculine plural imperative with particle of entreaty - hear please", "*rāʾšê*": "masculine plural construct - heads of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper name - Jacob", "*qĕṣînê*": "masculine plural construct - rulers/officers of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*mĕtaʿăbîm*": "masculine plural piel participle - abhorring", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yĕšārâ*": "feminine singular adjective - straight/upright", "*yĕʿaqqēšû*": "3rd person plural piel imperfect - they pervert" }, "variants": { "*šimʿû-nāʾ*": "hear please/listen now", "*mĕtaʿăbîm*": "abhorring/detesting/rejecting", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/right", "*yĕšārâ*": "straight/upright/right", "*yĕʿaqqēšû*": "they pervert/twist/distort" } }
• Neh 5:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.5.7", "source": "וַיִּמָּלֵ֨ךְ לִבִּ֜י עָלַ֗י וָאָרִ֙יבָה֙ אֶת־הַחֹרִ֣ים וְאֶת־הַסְּגָנִ֔ים וָאֹמְרָ֣ה לָהֶ֔ם מַשָּׁ֥א אִישׁ־בְּאָחִ֖יו אַתֶּ֣ם *נשאים **נֹשִׁ֑ים וָאֶתֵּ֥ן עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם קְהִלָּ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyimmālēḵ* *libbî* within *ʿālay* and *wāʾārîḇâ* *ʾet*-the *haḥōrîm* and *wĕʾet*-the *hassĕḡānîm*, and *wāʾōmĕrâ* to *lāhem* a *maššāʾ* *ʾîš*-against *bĕʾāḥîw* *ʾattem* *nōšîm*; and *wāʾettēn* against *ʿălêhem* a *qĕhillâ* *ḡĕdôlâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyimmālēḵ*": "waw-consecutive with niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it took counsel/considered", "*libbî*": "noun with 1st singular suffix - my heart", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - within me/upon me", "*wāʾārîḇâ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I contended/disputed", "*haḥōrîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the nobles", "*hassĕḡānîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the rulers/officials", "*wāʾōmĕrâ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*maššāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - usury/exaction", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*bĕʾāḥîw*": "preposition + noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - against his brother", "*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural pronoun - you", "*nōšîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - lending on interest/exacting", "*wāʾettēn*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I set", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - against them", "*qĕhillâ*": "noun, feminine singular - assembly", "*ḡĕdôlâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great" }, "variants": { "*wayyimmālēḵ*": "took counsel/considered/consulted", "*maššāʾ*": "usury/exaction/interest", "*nōšîm*": "lending on interest/exacting/charging usury", "*qĕhillâ*": "assembly/congregation" } }