Verse 1

{ "verseID": "1 Kings.20.1", "source": "וּבֶן־הֲדַ֣ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָ֗ם קָבַץ֙ אֶת־כָּל־חֵיל֔וֹ וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים וּשְׁנַ֥יִם מֶ֛לֶךְ אִתּ֖וֹ וְס֣וּס וָרָ֑כֶב וַיַּ֗עַל וַיָּ֙צַר֙ עַל־שֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן וַיִלָּ֖חֶם בָּֽהּ", "text": "And *Ben-Hadad* *melek*-*Aram* *qābaṣ* *ʾet*-all-*ḥayil*-his and thirty and two *melek* with-him and *sûs* and *rākeb*; and *yaʿal* and *yāṣar* against-*Šōmerôn* and *yillāḥem* against-her", "grammar": { "*Ben-Hadad*": "proper noun, masculine - 'son of Hadad', name of Syrian king", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, construct state - 'king of'", "*Aram*": "proper noun - Syria/Aram", "*qābaṣ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'gathered'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥayil*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with suffix - 'army/force'", "*sûs*": "noun, masculine, singular - 'horse'", "*rākeb*": "noun, masculine, singular - 'chariot/chariotry'", "*yaʿal*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'went up'", "*yāṣar*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'besieged'", "*Šōmerôn*": "proper noun - 'Samaria'", "*yillāḥem*": "verb, niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'fought'" }, "variants": { "*qābaṣ*": "gathered/assembled/mustered", "*ḥayil*": "army/force/strength/wealth", "*sûs*": "horse/cavalry", "*rākeb*": "chariot/chariotry/riders", "*yaʿal*": "went up/ascended/advanced", "*yāṣar*": "besieged/pressed/laid siege to" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Aram, samlet hele sin hær. Han hadde med seg tretti-to konger, hester og vogner. Han dro opp, inntok posisjon utenfor Samaria og angrep byen.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Benhadad, kongen av Syria, samlet hele sin hær, og med ham var trettito konger, hester og vogner, og han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og kjempet mot det.

• Norsk King James

  Og Benhadad, kongen av Syria, samlet hele sin hær: og det var tretti og to konger med ham, og hester, og vogner: og han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og kriget mot den.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Kongen av Syria, Benhadad, samlet hele hæren sin. Han hadde med seg tretti-to konger, med hester og vogner. Så dro han opp, beleiret Samaria og angrep byen.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Aram, samlet hele hæren sin, trettito konger var med ham, samt hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria, og kjempet mot byen.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Syria, samlet hele sin hær: med ham var det trettito konger, og de hadde hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og kjempet mot det.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Og Benhadad, kongen av Syria, samlet hele sin hær: og med seg var toogtretti konger, hester og stridsvogner; og han gikk opp, beleiret Samaria og førte krig mot den.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Syria, samlet hele sin hær: med ham var det trettito konger, og de hadde hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og kjempet mot det.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Aram, samlet hele hæren sin, trettito konger med ham, samt hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og gikk til angrep på byen.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Ben-Hadad, the king of Aram, gathered his entire army along with thirty-two kings, horses, and chariots. He marched up, laid siege to Samaria, and attacked it.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Og Ben-Hadad, kongen av Aram, samlet hele hæren sin, og med ham var tretti-to konger, og han hadde mye hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og kjempet mot den.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og Benhadad, Kongen i Syrien, samlede al sin Hær, og der vare to og tredive Konger med ham, og Heste og Vogne; og han drog op og beleirede Samaria og stred imod den.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And Ben-hadad the king of Syria gathered all his host together: and there were thirty and two kings with him, and horses, and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and warred against it.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Syria, samlet hele sin hær. Det var trettito konger med ham, med hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og førte krig mot byen.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And Benhadad the king of Syria gathered all his army together: there were thirty-two kings with him, and horses, and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and fought against it.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And Benhadad the king of Syria gathered all his host together: and there were thirty and two kings with him, and horses, and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and warred against it.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Syria, samlet hele sin hær; og med ham var det trettito konger, med hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og angrep det.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Aram, samlet hele sin hær, trettito konger var med ham, og han hadde hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria og kjempet mot det.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Ben-Hadad, kongen av Syria, samlet hele sin hær; det var trettito konger med ham, med hester og vogner. Han dro opp og beleiret Samaria, og kjempet mot det.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Nå samlet Ben-Hadad, kongen av Aram, hele hæren sin, og trettito konger var med ham, samt hester og krigsvogner; han drog opp og kriget mot Samaria og beleiret byen.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And Benadab ye kynge of Siria gathered all his power, & there were two & thirtie kynges wt him, & horses & charettes, and he wente vp, and layed sege vnto Samaria, & foughte agaynst it.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then Ben-hadad the King of Aram assembled all his armie, and two & thirtie Kings with him, with horses, and charets, & went vp and besieged Samaria, and fought against it.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And Benhadad the king of Syria gathered all his hoast together, hauing thirtie & two kinges with him, and horses and charets: and went vp and besieged Samaria, & warred against it.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And Benhadad the king of Syria gathered all his host together: and [there were] thirty and two kings with him, and horses, and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and warred against it.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Ben Hadad the king of Syria gathered all his host together; and there were thirty-two kings with him, and horses and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and fought against it.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Ben-Hadad king of Aram hath gathered all his force, and thirty and two kings `are' with him, and horse and chariot, and he goeth up and layeth siege against Samaria, and fighteth with it,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Ben-hadad the king of Syria gathered all his host together; and there were thirty and two kings with him, and horses and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and fought against it.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now Ben-hadad, king of Aram, got all his army together, and thirty-two kings with him, and horses and carriages of war; he went up and made war on Samaria, shutting it in.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Ben Hadad the king of Syria gathered all his army together; and there were thirty-two kings with him, and horses and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and fought against it.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Ben Hadad Invades Israel Now King Ben Hadad of Syria assembled all his army, along with thirty-two other kings with their horses and chariots. He marched against Samaria and besieged and attacked it.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 15:18 : 18 { "verseID": "1 Kings.15.18", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח אָ֠סָא אֶת־כָּל־הַכֶּ֨סֶף וְהַזָּהָ֜ב הַֽנּוֹתָרִ֣ים ׀ בְּאוֹצְר֣וֹת בֵּית־יְהוָ֗ה וְאֶת־אֽוֹצְרוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיַד־עֲבָדָ֑יו וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֞ם הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אָסָ֗א אֶל־בֶּן־הֲ֠דַד בֶּן־טַבְרִמֹּ֤ן בֶּן־חֶזְיוֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֔ם הַיֹּשֵׁ֥ב בְּדַמֶּ֖שֶׂק לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wayyiqqaḥ* *ʾĀsāʾ* *ʾet*-all-the-*kesef* and-the-*zāhāb* the-*nôtārîm* in-*ʾôṣĕrôt* *bêt*-*YHWH* and-*ʾet*-*ʾôṣĕrôt* *bêt* the-*melek* *wayyittĕnēm* in-*yad*-*ʿăbādāyw* *wayyišlāḥēm* the-*melek* *ʾĀsāʾ* to-*ben*-*Hădad* *ben*-*Ṭabrimōn* *ben*-*Ḥezyôn* *melek* *ʾĂrām* the-*yōšēb* in-*Dammeśeq* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*ʾĀsāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Asa", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kesef*": "noun, masculine singular construct - silver", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*nôtārîm*": "Niphal participle, masculine plural - the ones remaining/left", "*ʾôṣĕrôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - treasuries/storehouses of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*wayyittĕnēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he gave them", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*wayyišlāḥēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he sent them", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Hădad*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadad", "*Ṭabrimōn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Tabrimmon", "*Ḥezyôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hezion", "*ʾĂrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Aram/Syria", "*yōšēb*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling/sitting", "*Dammeśeq*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Damascus", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/seized/grasped", "*nôtārîm*": "remaining/left over/surviving", "*ʾôṣĕrôt*": "treasuries/storehouses/treasures", "*bêt*": "house/temple/palace of", "*wayyittĕnēm*": "gave them/placed them/delivered them", "*yad*": "hand/power/control", "*wayyišlāḥēm*": "sent them/dispatched them", "*yōšēb*": "dwelling/sitting/residing", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/with this message" } }
• 1 Kgs 15:20 : 20 { "verseID": "1 Kings.15.20", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֨ע בֶּן־הֲדַ֜ד אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אָסָ֗א וַ֠יִּשְׁלַח אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הַחֲיָלִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ עַל־עָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־עִיּ֣וֹן וְאֶת־דָּ֔ן וְאֵ֖ת אָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה וְאֵת֙ כָּל־כִּנְר֔וֹת עַ֖ל כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ נַפְתָּלִֽי׃", "text": "*wayyišmaʿ* *Ben*-*Hădad* to-the-*melek* *ʾĀsāʾ* *wayyišlaḥ* *ʾet*-*śārê* the-*ḥăyālîm* which-to-him against-*ʿārê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wayyak* *ʾet*-*ʿIyyôn* and-*ʾet*-*Dān* and-*ʾēt* *ʾĀbēl* *Bêt*-*Maʿăkāh* and-*ʾēt* all-*Kinnĕrôt* upon all-*ʾereṣ* *Naftālî*", "grammar": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he listened/heard", "*Ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Hădad*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadad", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ʾĀsāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Asa", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - commanders of", "*ḥăyālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - forces/armies", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyak*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he smote/struck", "*ʿIyyôn*": "proper noun - Ijon", "*Dān*": "proper noun - Dan", "*ʾĀbēl*": "proper noun - Abel", "*Bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Maʿăkāh*": "proper noun - Maacah", "*Kinnĕrôt*": "proper noun - Kinneroth/Chinnereth", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Naftālî*": "proper noun - Naphtali" }, "variants": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "heard/listened to/heeded", "*śārê*": "commanders/captains/officials", "*ḥăyālîm*": "forces/armies/troops", "*wayyak*": "struck/attacked/defeated", "*Kinnĕrôt*": "Kinneroth/Chinnereth/Sea of Galilee region" } }
• 1 Kgs 22:31 : 31 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.31", "source": "וּמֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֡ם צִוָּ֣ה אֶת־שָׂרֵי֩ הָרֶ֨כֶב אֲשֶׁר־ל֜וֹ שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וּשְׁנַ֙יִם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֚א תִּלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ אֶת־קָטֹ֖ן וְאֶת־גָּד֑וֹל כִּ֛י אִֽם־אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְבַדּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *melek* of *ʾărām* *ṣiwwāh* *ʾet*-*śārê* *hārekeb* which-to-him thirty and-two *lēʾmōr*, not *tillāḥămû* *ʾet*-*qāṭōn* and-*ʾet*-*gādôl* but *ʾet*-*melek* *yiśrāʾēl* alone.", "grammar": { "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾărām*": "proper noun, Syria/Aram", "*ṣiwwāh*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - commanded/ordered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*śārê*": "construct state, masculine plural - commanders/captains of", "*hārekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*tillāḥămû*": "Niphal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall fight", "*qāṭōn*": "adjective, masculine singular - small/young", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large/old", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*śārê*": "commanders/captains/princes/officials", "*hārekeb*": "chariot/chariotry/chariot force", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/with these words", "*tillāḥămû*": "fight/wage war/engage in battle" } }
• 2 Kgs 6:24-29 : 24 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.24", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַיִּקְבֹּ֛ץ בֶּן־הֲדַ֥ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָ֖ם אֶת־כָּל־מַחֲנֵ֑הוּ וַיַּ֕עַל וַיָּ֖צַר עַל־שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *ʾaḥărê-kēn* *wə-yiqbōṣ* *ben-hădad* *melek-ʾărām* *ʾet-kol-maḥănēhû* *wə-yaʿal* *wə-yāṣar* *ʿal-šōmərôn*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms apocopated - and it came to pass", "*ʾaḥărê-kēn*": "preposition + adverb - after this", "*wə-yiqbōṣ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and gathered", "*ben-hădad*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - Ben-hadad", "*melek-ʾărām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - king of Aram/Syria", "*ʾet-kol-maḥănēhû*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular + 3ms suffix - all his camp/army", "*wə-yaʿal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he went up", "*wə-yāṣar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and besieged", "*ʿal-šōmərôn*": "preposition + proper noun, feminine singular - against Samaria" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "happened/occurred/came to pass", "*ʾaḥărê-kēn*": "after this/afterward/later", "*yiqbōṣ*": "gathered/assembled/collected", "*maḥănēhû*": "his camp/army/host", "*yaʿal*": "went up/ascended/advanced", "*yāṣar*": "besieged/laid siege/encircled" } } 25 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.25", "source": "וַיְהִ֨י רָעָ֤ב גָּדוֹל֙ בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן וְהִנֵּ֖ה צָרִ֣ים עָלֶ֑יהָ עַ֣ד הֱי֤וֹת רֹאשׁ־חֲמוֹר֙ בִּשְׁמֹנִ֣ים כֶּ֔סֶף וְרֹ֛בַע הַקַּ֥ב *חרייונים **דִּבְיוֹנִ֖ים בַּחֲמִשָּׁה־כָֽסֶף׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *rāʿāb* *gādôl* *bə-šōmərôn* *wə-hinnēh* *ṣārîm* *ʿālêhā* *ʿad* *hĕyôt* *rōʾš-ḥămôr* *bi-šəmōnîm* *kesep* *wə-rōbaʿ* *ha-qab* *dibyônîm* *ba-ḥămiššāh-kāsep*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms apocopated - and there was", "*rāʿāb*": "noun, masculine singular - famine/hunger", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/severe", "*bə-šōmərôn*": "preposition + proper noun, feminine singular - in Samaria", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*ṣārîm*": "Qal participle mp - besieging", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition + 3fs suffix - against it", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hĕyôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - being", "*rōʾš-ḥămôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - head of a donkey", "*bi-šəmōnîm*": "preposition + cardinal number - for eighty", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver/money", "*wə-rōbaʿ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and a fourth of", "*ha-qab*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the kab (measure)", "*dibyônîm*": "noun, masculine plural - dove's dung", "*ba-ḥămiššāh-kāsep*": "preposition + cardinal number + noun, masculine singular - for five (pieces of) silver" }, "variants": { "*rāʿāb*": "famine/hunger/scarcity of food", "*ṣārîm*": "besieging/encircling/laying siege", "*rōʾš-ḥămôr*": "donkey's head/head of an ass", "*kesep*": "silver/money/shekels", "*qab*": "kab (measure of volume, approximately 1.2 liters)", "*dibyônîm*": "dove's dung/pigeon's dung/possibly a type of plant seed" } } 26 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.26", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עֹבֵ֖ר עַל־הַחֹמָ֑ה וְאִשָּׁ֗ה צָעֲקָ֤ה אֵלָיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הוֹשִׁ֖יעָה אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʿōbēr* *ʿal-ha-ḥōmāh* *wə-ʾiššāh* *ṣāʿăqāh* *ʾēlāyw* *lēʾmōr* *hôšîʿâ* *ʾădōnî* *ha-melek*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms apocopated - and it happened", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿōbēr*": "Qal participle ms - passing/walking", "*ʿal-ha-ḥōmāh*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - on the wall", "*wə-ʾiššāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and a woman", "*ṣāʿăqāh*": "Qal perfect 3fs - cried out", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hôšîʿâ*": "Hiphil imperative ms + paragogic heh - save/help", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 1cs suffix - my lord", "*ha-melek*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the king" }, "variants": { "*ʿōbēr*": "passing/walking/going", "*ḥōmāh*": "wall/rampart/fortress wall", "*ṣāʿăqāh*": "cried out/screamed/called for help", "*hôšîʿâ*": "save/help/deliver" } } 27 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.27", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אַל־יוֹשִׁעֵ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה מֵאַ֖יִן אֽוֹשִׁיעֵ֑ךְ הֲמִן־הַגֹּ֖רֶן א֥וֹ מִן־הַיָּֽקֶב׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *ʾal-yôšiʿēk* *YHWH* *mē-ʾayin* *ʾôšîʿēk* *hă-min-ha-gōren* *ʾô* *min-ha-yāqeb*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾal-yôšiʿēk*": "negative particle + Hiphil imperfect 3ms jussive + 2fs suffix - let not save you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*mē-ʾayin*": "preposition + interrogative - from where", "*ʾôšîʿēk*": "Hiphil imperfect 1cs + 2fs suffix - shall I save you", "*hă-min-ha-gōren*": "interrogative + preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - from the threshing floor", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*min-ha-yāqeb*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - from the wine press" }, "variants": { "*ʾal-yôšiʿēk*": "let not save you/may he not save you (negative wish)", "*mē-ʾayin*": "from where/from what source", "*gōren*": "threshing floor/granary", "*yāqeb*": "wine press/wine vat" } } 28 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.28", "source": "וַיֹּֽאמֶר־לָ֥הּ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מַה־לָּ֑ךְ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר הָאִשָּׁ֨ה הַזֹּ֜את אָמְרָ֣ה אֵלַ֗י תְּנִ֤י אֶת־בְּנֵךְ֙ וְנֹאכְלֶ֣נּוּ הַיּ֔וֹם וְאֶת־בְּנִ֖י נֹאכַ֥ל מָחָֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer-lāh* *ha-melek* *mah-lāk* *wə-tōʾmer* *hā-ʾiššāh* *ha-zōʾt* *ʾāmərāh* *ʾēlay* *tənî* *ʾet-bənēk* *wə-nōʾkəlennû* *ha-yôm* *wə-ʾet-bənî* *nōʾkal* *māḥār*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer-lāh*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms + preposition + 3fs suffix - and he said to her", "*ha-melek*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*mah-lāk*": "interrogative + preposition + 2fs suffix - what (is) to you/what is your trouble", "*wə-tōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3fs - and she said", "*hā-ʾiššāh*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*ha-zōʾt*": "article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʾāmərāh*": "Qal perfect 3fs - said", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1cs suffix - to me", "*tənî*": "Qal imperative fs - give", "*ʾet-bənēk*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 2fs suffix - your son", "*wə-nōʾkəlennû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1cp + 3ms suffix - and we will eat him", "*ha-yôm*": "article + noun, masculine singular - today", "*wə-ʾet-bənî*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 1cs suffix - and my son", "*nōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 1cp - we will eat", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow" }, "variants": { "*mah-lāk*": "what ails you/what is your trouble/what do you want", "*tənî*": "give/hand over/provide", "*nōʾkəlennû*": "we will eat him/we will consume him", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/the next day" } } 29 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.29", "source": "וַנְּבַשֵּׁ֥ל אֶת־בְּנִ֖י וַנֹּֽאכְלֵ֑הוּ וָאֹמַ֨ר אֵלֶ֜יהָ בַּיּ֣וֹם הָאַחֵ֗ר תְּנִ֤י אֶת־בְּנֵךְ֙ וְנֹ֣אכְלֶ֔נּוּ וַתַּחְבִּ֖א אֶת־בְּנָֽהּ׃", "text": "*wə-nəbaššēl* *ʾet-bənî* *wə-nōʾkəlēhû* *wā-ʾōmar* *ʾēlêhā* *ba-yôm* *hā-ʾaḥēr* *tənî* *ʾet-bənēk* *wə-nōʾkəlennû* *wə-taḥbiʾ* *ʾet-bənāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-nəbaššēl*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1cp - and we boiled", "*ʾet-bənî*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 1cs suffix - my son", "*wə-nōʾkəlēhû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1cp + 3ms suffix - and we ate him", "*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1cs - and I said", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3fs suffix - to her", "*ba-yôm*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - on the day", "*hā-ʾaḥēr*": "article + adjective, masculine singular - the next/following", "*tənî*": "Qal imperative fs - give", "*ʾet-bənēk*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 2fs suffix - your son", "*wə-nōʾkəlennû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1cp + 3ms suffix - and we will eat him", "*wə-taḥbiʾ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3fs - and she hid", "*ʾet-bənāh*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3fs suffix - her son" }, "variants": { "*nəbaššēl*": "boiled/cooked/prepared", "*ʾaḥēr*": "next/other/following", "*taḥbiʾ*": "hid/concealed/kept hidden" } }
• 2 Kgs 8:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Kings.8.7", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֤א אֱלִישָׁע֙ דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק וּבֶן־הֲדַ֥ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָ֖ם חֹלֶ֑ה וַיֻּגַּד־ל֣וֹ לֵאמֹ֔ר בָּ֛א אִ֥ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים עַד־הֵֽנָּה׃", "text": "And *yābōʾ* *ʾĕlîšāʿ* *dammeśeq*, and *ben-hădad* *melek-ʾărām* *ḥōleh*. And *yuggad* to him saying, *bāʾ* *ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm* to here.", "grammar": { "*yābōʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he came", "*ʾĕlîšāʿ*": "proper noun - Elisha", "*dammeśeq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*ben-hădad*": "proper noun - Ben-hadad", "*melek-ʾărām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - king of Aram/Syria", "*ḥōleh*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - was sick", "*yuggad*": "verb, hophal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - it was told", "*bāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has come", "*ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural with definite article - man of God" }, "variants": { "*ḥōleh*": "sick/ill/diseased", "*yuggad*": "it was told/reported/informed", "*ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm*": "man of God/prophet/divine messenger" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Kings.8.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶל־חֲזָהאֵ֗ל קַ֤ח בְּיָֽדְךָ֙ מִנְחָ֔ה וְלֵ֕ךְ לִקְרַ֖את אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְדָרַשְׁתָּ֨ אֶת־יְהוָ֤ה מֵֽאוֹתוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֶחְיֶ֖ה מֵחֳלִ֥י זֶֽה׃", "text": "And *yōʾmer* the *melek* to *ḥăzāhʾēl*, *qaḥ* in *yādəkā* *minḥâ* and *lēk* to meet *ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm*, and *dārašəttā* *ʾet-YHWH* through him saying, *haʾeḥyeh* from *ḥŏlî* this?", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*ḥăzāhʾēl*": "proper noun - Hazael", "*qaḥ*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - take", "*yādəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*minḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - gift/present/offering", "*lēk*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural with definite article - man of God", "*dārašəttā*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine singular - inquire/seek", "*ʾet-YHWH*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*haʾeḥyeh*": "interrogative particle + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - will I recover/live", "*ḥŏlî*": "noun, masculine singular - sickness/disease" }, "variants": { "*minḥâ*": "gift/present/offering/tribute", "*dārašəttā*": "inquire/seek/consult", "*haʾeḥyeh*": "will I recover/will I survive/will I live", "*ḥŏlî*": "sickness/illness/disease" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Kings.8.9", "source": "וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ חֲזָאֵל֮ לִקְרָאתוֹ֒ וַיִּקַּ֨ח מִנְחָ֤ה בְיָדוֹ֙ וְכָל־ט֣וּב דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק מַשָּׂ֖א אַרְבָּעִ֣ים גָּמָ֑ל וַיָּבֹא֙ וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד לְפָנָ֔יו וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בִּנְךָ֨ בֶן־הֲדַ֤ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָם֙ שְׁלָחַ֤נִי אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֶחְיֶ֖ה מֵחֳלִ֥י זֶֽה׃", "text": "And *yēlek* *ḥăzāʾēl* to meet him, and *yiqqaḥ* *minḥâ* in *yādô* and all *ṭûb* of *dammeśeq*, *maśśāʾ* forty *gāmāl*. And *yābōʾ* and *yaʿămōd* before him and *yōʾmer*, your son *ben-hădad* *melek-ʾărām* *šəlāḥanî* to you saying, *haʾeḥyeh* from *ḥŏlî* this?", "grammar": { "*yēlek*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he went", "*ḥăzāʾēl*": "proper noun - Hazael", "*yiqqaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he took", "*minḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - gift/present/offering", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*ṭûb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - good things of/finest of", "*dammeśeq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*maśśāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - load of/burden of", "*gāmāl*": "noun, masculine singular - camel", "*yābōʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he came", "*yaʿămōd*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he stood", "*yōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*ben-hădad*": "proper noun - Ben-hadad", "*melek-ʾărām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - king of Aram/Syria", "*šəlāḥanî*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he has sent me", "*haʾeḥyeh*": "interrogative particle + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - will I recover/live", "*ḥŏlî*": "noun, masculine singular - sickness/disease" }, "variants": { "*ṭûb*": "good things/finest products/best items", "*maśśāʾ*": "load/burden/cargo", "*yaʿămōd*": "stood/positioned himself/presented himself", "*šəlāḥanî*": "has sent me/dispatched me/commissioned me", "*haʾeḥyeh*": "will I recover/will I survive/will I live" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Kings.8.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ אֱלִישָׁ֔ע לֵ֥ךְ אֱמָר־לא ל֖וֹ חָיֹ֣ה תִחְיֶ֑ה וְהִרְאַ֥נִי יְהוָ֖ה כִּֽי־מ֥וֹת יָמֽוּת׃", "text": "And *yōʾmer* to him *ʾĕlîšāʿ*, *lēk* *ʾĕmār* to him *ḥāyōh* *tiḥyeh*, but *hirʾanî* *YHWH* that *môt* *yāmût*.", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*ʾĕlîšāʿ*": "proper noun - Elisha", "*lēk*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*ʾĕmār*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - say", "*ḥāyōh*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - surely live", "*tiḥyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will live", "*hirʾanî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he has shown me", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*môt*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - surely die", "*yāmût*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will die" }, "variants": { "*ḥāyōh tiḥyeh*": "you will surely live/you will certainly recover", "*hirʾanî*": "has shown me/has revealed to me", "*môt yāmût*": "he will surely die/he will certainly die" } }
• 2 Kgs 17:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.5", "source": "וַיַּ֥עַל מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֖וּר בְּכָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיַּ֙עַל֙ שֹׁמְר֔וֹן וַיָּ֥צַר עָלֶ֖יהָ שָׁלֹ֥שׁ שָׁנִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*yaʿal* *melek*-*ʾashshūr* in-all-the-*ʾereṣ* *wə*-*yaʿal* *shōmerōn* *wə*-*yāṣar* against-her *shālōsh* *shānîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yaʿal*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he went up", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾashshūr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*bə-kol-hā-ʾereṣ*": "preposition with particle and definite noun - in all the land", "*yaʿal*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he went up to", "*shōmerōn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*yāṣar*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he besieged", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - against her", "*shālōsh*": "numeral feminine - three", "*shānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years" }, "variants": { "*yaʿal*": "went up/invaded/attacked", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/earth", "*yāṣar*": "besieged/encircled/laid siege" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.6", "source": "בִּשְׁנַ֨ת הַתְּשִׁיעִ֜ית לְהוֹשֵׁ֗עַ לָכַ֤ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ אֶת־שֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן וַיֶּ֥גֶל אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אַשּׁ֑וּרָה וַיֹּ֨שֶׁב אֹתָ֜ם בַּחְלַ֧ח וּבְחָב֛וֹר נְהַ֥ר גּוֹזָ֖ן וְעָרֵ֥י מָדָֽי׃", "text": "In-*shānāh* the-*təshîʿît* to-*hōshēaʿ* *lākad* *melek*-*ʾashshūr* *ʾet*-*shōmerōn* *wə*-*yegel* *ʾet*-*yisrāʾēl* *ʾashshūrāh* *wə*-*yōsheb* *ʾōtām* in-*ḥalaḥ* and-in-*ḥābōr* *nəhar* *gōzān* and-*ʿārê* *māday*.", "grammar": { "*bi-shnat*": "preposition with construct state - in year of", "*ha-təshîʿît*": "definite adjective, feminine singular - the ninth", "*lə-hōshēaʿ*": "preposition with proper noun - to/of Hoshea", "*lākad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he captured", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾashshūr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʾet-shōmerōn*": "direct object marker with proper noun - Samaria", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yegel*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he exiled", "*ʾet-yisrāʾēl*": "direct object marker with proper noun - Israel", "*ʾashshūrāh*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Assyria", "*yōsheb*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he settled", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*ba-ḥalaḥ*": "preposition with proper noun - in Halah", "*u-bə-ḥābōr*": "conjunction and preposition with proper noun - and in Habor", "*nəhar*": "construct state, masculine singular - river of", "*gōzān*": "proper noun - Gozan", "*wə-ʿārê*": "conjunction with construct plural - and cities of", "*māday*": "proper noun - Media" }, "variants": { "*lākad*": "captured/seized/took", "*yegel*": "exiled/deported/carried away", "*yōsheb*": "settled/placed/resettled", "*nəhar gōzān*": "river of Gozan/Gozan River", "*ʿārê māday*": "cities of Media/Median cities" } }
• 2 Chr 16:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.16.2", "source": "וַיֹּצֵ֨א אָסָ֜א כֶּ֣סֶף וְזָהָ֗ב מֵאֹֽצְר֛וֹת בֵּ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה וּבֵ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֶל־בֶּן־הֲדַד֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֔ם הַיּוֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּדַרְמֶ֖שֶׂק לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wayyōṣēʾ* *ʾāsāʾ* *kesef* and *zāhāb* from *ʾōṣĕrôt* *bêt* *YHWH* and *bêt* *hammelek*, and *wayyišlaḥ* to *ben*-*hădad* *melek* *ʾărām* *hayyôšēb* in *darmeśeq* *lēʾmōr*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōṣēʾ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought out", "*ʾāsāʾ*": "proper noun - Asa", "*kesef*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*ʾōṣĕrôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - treasuries of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he sent", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*hădad*": "proper noun - Hadad", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾărām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria", "*hayyôšēb*": "definite article + verb, qal participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling", "*darmeśeq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*wayyōṣēʾ*": "brought out, removed, extracted", "*kesef*": "silver, money, currency", "*zāhāb*": "gold, golden things", "*ʾōṣĕrôt*": "treasuries, storehouses, repositories", "*bêt*": "house, temple, palace", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "sent, dispatched, commissioned", "*hayyôšēb*": "the one dwelling, residing, sitting", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying, to say, declaring" } } 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.16.3", "source": "בְּרִית֙ בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֔ךָ וּבֵ֥ין אָבִ֖י וּבֵ֣ין אָבִ֑יךָ הִנֵּ֨ה שָׁלַ֤חְתִּֽי לְךָ֙ כֶּ֣סֶף וְזָהָ֔ב לֵ֞ךְ הָפֵ֣ר בְּרִֽיתְךָ֗ אֶת־בַּעְשָׁא֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְיַעֲלֶ֖ה מֵעָלָֽי׃", "text": "*bĕrît* between me and between you, and between *ʾābî* and between *ʾābîkā*. *hinnēh* *šālaḥtî* to you *kesef* and *zāhāb*. *lēk* *hāpēr* *bĕrîtĕkā* *ʾet*-*baʿšāʾ* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl*, and *yaʿăleh* from me.", "grammar": { "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʾābî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix - my father", "*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your father", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*šālaḥtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have sent", "*kesef*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*lēk*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*hāpēr*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine singular - break", "*bĕrîtĕkā*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your covenant", "*ʾet*": "preposition - with", "*baʿšāʾ*": "proper noun - Baasha", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yaʿăleh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will go up" }, "variants": { "*bĕrît*": "covenant, alliance, treaty", "*ʾābî*": "my father", "*ʾābîkā*": "your father", "*hinnēh*": "behold, look, see", "*šālaḥtî*": "I have sent, I have dispatched", "*kesef*": "silver, money, currency", "*zāhāb*": "gold", "*lēk*": "go, proceed, depart", "*hāpēr*": "break, annul, invalidate", "*bĕrîtĕkā*": "your covenant, your treaty", "*yaʿăleh*": "he will go up, he will withdraw, he will depart" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.16.4", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֨ע בֶּן‬ הֲדַ֜ד אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אָסָ֗א וַ֠יִּשְׁלַח אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הַחֲיָלִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ אֶל־עָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּכּוּ֙ אֶת־עִיּ֣וֹן וְאֶת־דָּ֔ן וְאֵ֖ת אָבֵ֣ל מָ֑יִם וְאֵ֥ת כָּֽל־מִסְכְּנ֖וֹת עָרֵ֥י נַפְתָּלִֽי׃", "text": "And *wayyišmaʿ* *ben*-*hădad* to *hammelek* *ʾāsāʾ*, and *wayyišlaḥ* *ʾet*-*śārê* *haḥăyālîm* who-to him to *ʿārê* *yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyakkû* *ʾet*-*ʿiyyôn* and *ʾet*-*dān* and *ʾēt* *ʾābēl* *māyim*, and *ʾēt* all-*miskĕnôt* *ʿārê* *nap̄tālî*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he listened", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*hădad*": "proper noun - Hadad", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*ʾāsāʾ*": "proper noun - Asa", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he sent", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - commanders of", "*haḥăyālîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the armies", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyakkû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they struck", "*ʿiyyôn*": "proper noun - Ijon", "*dān*": "proper noun - Dan", "*ʾābēl*": "proper noun - Abel", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*miskĕnôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - storage cities of", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*nap̄tālî*": "proper noun - Naphtali" }, "variants": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "listened, heard, obeyed", "*śārê*": "commanders, chiefs, captains", "*haḥăyālîm*": "the armies, the forces, the troops", "*wayyakkû*": "they struck, they attacked, they defeated", "*māyim*": "waters, water supply", "*miskĕnôt*": "storage cities, storehouses, supply depots" } }
• Ezra 7:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.12", "source": "אַ֨רְתַּחְשַׁ֔סְתְּא מֶ֖לֶךְ מַלְכַיָּ֑א לְעֶזְרָ֣א כָ֠הֲנָא סָפַ֨ר דָּתָ֜א דִּֽי־אֱלָ֧הּ שְׁמַיָּ֛א גְּמִ֖יר וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃", "text": "*ʾArtaḥšastəʾ* *meleḵ* *malḵayyāʾ* to *ʿEzrāʾ* *kāhănāʾ* *sāp̄ar* *dāṯāʾ* *dî*-*ʾĕlāh* *šəmayyāʾ* *gəmîr* and *kəʿeneṯ*", "grammar": { "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*malḵayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the kings", "*lə-ʿEzrāʾ*": "preposition with proper noun - to Ezra", "*kāhănāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the priest", "*sāp̄ar*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - scribe of", "*dāṯāʾ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the law", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - of/that", "*ʾĕlāh*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - God", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the heavens", "*gəmîr*": "masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - perfect/complete", "*û-ḵəʿeneṯ*": "conjunction with adverb (Aramaic) - and now/at this time" }, "variants": { "*malḵayyāʾ*": "kings/sovereigns", "*sāp̄ar*": "scribe/writer/secretary", "*dāṯāʾ*": "law/decree/edict", "*gəmîr*": "perfect/complete/finished", "*kəʿeneṯ*": "now/at this time" } }
• Isa 10:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.8", "source": "כִּי יֹאמַר הֲלֹא שָׂרַי יַחְדָּו מְלָכִים", "text": "*kî* *yōʾmar* *hălōʾ* *śāray* *yaḥdāw* *melāḵîm*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yōʾmar*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he says/will say", "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - are not?", "*śāray*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my princes/officials", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/altogether", "*melāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings" }, "variants": { "*śāray*": "my princes/officials/commanders/chiefs", "*yaḥdāw*": "together/altogether/all of them" } }
• Isa 37:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Isaiah.37.24", "source": "בְּיַ֣ד עֲבָדֶיךָ֮ חֵרַ֣פְתָּ ׀ אֲדֹנָי֒ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר בְּרֹ֥ב רִכְבִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י עָלִ֛יתִי מְר֥וֹם הָרִ֖ים יַרְכְּתֵ֣י לְבָנ֑וֹן וְאֶכְרֹ֞ת קוֹמַ֤ת אֲרָזָיו֙ מִבְחַ֣ר בְּרֹשָׁ֔יו וְאָבוֹא֙ מְר֣וֹם קִצּ֔וֹ יַ֖עַר כַּרְמִלּֽוֹ׃", "text": "By-*yad ʿăbādekā ḥēraptā ʾădōnāy*, *wattōmer*: \"With-*rōb rikbî ʾănî ʿālîtî* *mərôm hārîm yarkətê* *ləbānôn*, *wə-ʾekrōt qômat ʾărāzāyw mibḥar bərōšāyw*, *wə-ʾābôʾ* *mərôm qiṣṣô yaʿar karmillô*.\"", "grammar": { "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʿăbādekā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2ms suffix - your servants", "*ḥēraptā*": "verb, piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you reproached", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1cs suffix - my Lord", "*wattōmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you said", "*rōb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - multitude of", "*rikbî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1cs suffix - my chariots", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person common singular - I", "*ʿālîtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person common singular - I ascended", "*mərôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - height of", "*hārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mountains", "*yarkətê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - remotest parts of", "*ləbānôn*": "proper name - Lebanon", "*wə-ʾekrōt*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 1st person common singular - and I will cut down", "*qômat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - height of", "*ʾărāzāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - its cedars", "*mibḥar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - choicest of", "*bərōšāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - its cypresses", "*wə-ʾābôʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 1st person common singular - and I will enter", "*mərôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - height of", "*qiṣṣô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - its extremity", "*yaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - forest of", "*karmillô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - its garden land" }, "variants": { "*yad*": "hand/agency/control", "*ʿăbādekā*": "your servants/officials/messengers", "*ḥēraptā*": "reproached/reviled/taunted", "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord/master", "*rōb*": "multitude/abundance/great number", "*rikbî*": "my chariots/vehicles", "*ʿālîtî*": "I ascended/went up/climbed", "*mərôm*": "height/summit/highest part", "*yarkətê*": "remotest parts/furthest reaches/innermost", "*ʾekrōt*": "I will cut down/cut off/sever", "*qômat*": "height/stature/tall", "*ʾărāzāyw*": "its cedars/cedar trees", "*mibḥar*": "choicest/best/select", "*bərōšāyw*": "its cypresses/fir trees", "*ʾābôʾ*": "I will enter/come to/arrive at", "*qiṣṣô*": "its extremity/end/limit", "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded area", "*karmillô*": "its garden land/fertile field/fruitful land" } }
• Jer 49:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.49.27", "source": "וְהִצַּ֥תִּי אֵ֖שׁ בְּחוֹמַ֣ת דַּמָּ֑שֶׂק וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנ֥וֹת בֶּן־הֲדָֽד", "text": "And *hitsatti* *esh* in *khomat* *Dammasheq*, and it *akhla* *armenot* *Ben-Hadad*", "grammar": { "*hitsatti*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I will kindle", "*esh*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*khomat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wall of", "*Dammasheq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*akhla*": "qal perfect consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will devour", "*armenot*": "noun, masculine plural construct - palaces of", "*Ben-Hadad*": "proper noun - Ben-Hadad" }, "variants": { "*hitsatti*": "I will kindle/light/set on fire", "*esh*": "fire/flame", "*khomat*": "wall/rampart of", "*akhla*": "will devour/consume/destroy", "*armenot*": "palaces/citadels/fortresses" } }
• Ezek 26:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.7", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִ֧י מֵבִ֣יא אֶל־צֹ֗ר נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֧ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל מִצָּפ֖וֹן מֶ֣לֶךְ מְלָכִ֑ים בְּס֛וּס וּבְרֶ֥כֶב וּבְפָרָשִׁ֖ים וְקָהָ֥ל וְעַם־רָֽב׃", "text": "For thus *'āmar* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH*: *hinenî* *mēbî'* unto *Tsōr* *Nebûkadre'tstsar* *melek-Bābel* from the *tsāphôn*, *melek* *melākîm*, with *sûs* and with *rekeb* and with *pārāshîm* and *qāhāl* and *'am-rāb*.", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/says", "*'ădōnāy*": "title - Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hinenî*": "particle with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/here I am", "*mēbî'*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - bringing", "*Tsōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*Nebûkadre'tstsar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek-Bābel*": "construct chain - king of Babylon", "*tsāphôn*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the north", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*melākîm*": "masculine plural noun - kings", "*sûs*": "masculine singular noun - horse", "*rekeb*": "masculine singular noun - chariot/chariotry", "*pārāshîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen", "*qāhāl*": "masculine singular noun - assembly/company", "*'am-rāb*": "masculine singular noun + adjective - many people" }, "variants": { "*mēbî'*": "bringing/am bringing", "*melek melākîm*": "king of kings/supreme king" } }
• Dan 2:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Daniel.2.37", "source": "אַ֣נְתְּה מַלְכָּ֔א מֶ֖לֶךְ מַלְכַיָּ֑א דִּ֚י אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔א מַלְכוּתָ֥א חִסְנָ֛א וְתָקְפָּ֥א וִֽיקָרָ֖א יְהַב־לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾantəh malkāʾ*, *melek malkāyāʾ*, that *ʾĕlāh šĕmayyāʾ malĕkûtāʾ ḥisnāʾ* and-*tāqĕpāʾ* and-*wîqārāʾ yĕhab-lāk*.", "grammar": { "*ʾantəh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*malkāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*malkāyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the kings", "*ʾĕlāh*": "masculine singular noun construct - God of", "*šĕmayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the heavens", "*malĕkûtāʾ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the kingdom", "*ḥisnāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the power/strength", "*tāqĕpāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the might", "*wîqārāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the glory/honor", "*yĕhab-lāk*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect verb with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - has given to you" }, "variants": { "*melek malkāyāʾ*": "king of kings/supreme king", "*ʾĕlāh šĕmayyāʾ*": "God of heaven/God of the heavens", "*malĕkûtāʾ*": "kingdom/royal power/reign", "*ḥisnāʾ*": "power/strength/might", "*tāqĕpāʾ*": "might/strength/power", "*wîqārāʾ*": "glory/honor/dignity", "*yĕhab-lāk*": "has given to you/has granted to you/has bestowed upon you" } }
• Amos 1:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Amos.1.4", "source": "וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּי אֵ֖שׁ בְּבֵ֣ית חֲזָאֵ֑ל וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנ֥וֹת בֶּן־הֲדָֽד׃", "text": "And-*šillaḥtî* *ʾēš* in-*bêt* *ḥăzāʾēl* and-*ʾāklāh* *ʾarmənôt* *ben*-*hădād*", "grammar": { "*šillaḥtî*": "perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I will send", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*ḥăzāʾēl*": "proper name - Hazael", "*ʾāklāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - and it will consume", "*ʾarmənôt*": "masculine plural construct - palaces of", "*ben*": "construct state, masculine singular - son of", "*hădād*": "proper name - Hadad" }, "variants": { "*ʾēš*": "fire/judgment", "*bêt*": "house/dynasty/palace", "*ʾāklāh*": "it will consume/devour", "*ʾarmənôt*": "palaces/fortresses/citadels" } }
• Gen 14:1-5 : 1 { "verseID": "Genesis.14.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י בִּימֵי֙ אַמְרָפֶ֣ל מֶֽלֶךְ־שִׁנְעָ֔ר אַרְי֖וֹךְ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֶלָּסָ֑ר כְּדָרְלָעֹ֙מֶר֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ עֵילָ֔ם וְתִדְעָ֖ל מֶ֥לֶךְ גּוֹיִֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* in *yəmê* *ʾamrāp̄el* *melek*-*šinʿār* *ʾaryôk* *melek* *ʾellāsār* *kədārlāʿōmer* *melek* *ʿêlām* *wə-ṯiḏʿāl* *melek* *gôyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass/and it happened", "*yəmê*": "construct plural of *yôm* - days of", "*ʾamrāp̄el*": "proper noun, king's name", "*melek*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - king of", "*šinʿār*": "proper noun, place name (Shinar/Babylon)", "*ʾaryôk*": "proper noun, king's name", "*ʾellāsār*": "proper noun, place name", "*kədārlāʿōmer*": "proper noun, king's name", "*ʿêlām*": "proper noun, place name (Elam)", "*wə-ṯiḏʿāl*": "conjunction + proper noun, king's name", "*gôyim*": "common noun, masculine plural - nations/gentiles" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass/and it was", "*šinʿār*": "Shinar/Babylon/Sumer", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples" } } 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.14.2", "source": "עָשׂ֣וּ מִלְחָמָ֗ה אֶת־בֶּ֙רַע֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ סְדֹ֔ם וְאֶת־בִּרְשַׁ֖ע מֶ֣לֶךְ עֲמֹרָ֑ה שִׁנְאָ֣ב ׀ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַדְמָ֗ה וְשֶׁמְאֵ֙בֶר֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ צְבוֹיִ֔ים וּמֶ֥לֶךְ בֶּ֖לַע הִיא־צֹֽעַר׃", "text": "*ʿāśû milḥāmāh* *ʾeṯ*-*beraʿ* *melek* *səḏōm* *wə-ʾeṯ*-*biršaʿ* *melek* *ʿămōrāh* *šinʾāḇ* *melek* *ʾaḏmāh* *wə-šemʾēḇer* *melek* *ṣəḇôyîm* *û-melek* *belaʿ* *hîʾ*-*ṣōʿar*", "grammar": { "*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they made/did", "*milḥāmāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*beraʿ*": "proper noun, king's name", "*melek*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - king of", "*səḏōm*": "proper noun, place name (Sodom)", "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*biršaʿ*": "proper noun, king's name", "*ʿămōrāh*": "proper noun, place name (Gomorrah)", "*šinʾāḇ*": "proper noun, king's name", "*ʾaḏmāh*": "proper noun, place name (Admah)", "*wə-šemʾēḇer*": "conjunction + proper noun, king's name", "*ṣəḇôyîm*": "proper noun, place name (Zeboiim)", "*û-melek*": "conjunction + construct state noun - and king of", "*belaʿ*": "proper noun, place name (Bela)", "*hîʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it/she", "*ṣōʿar*": "proper noun, place name (Zoar)" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśû milḥāmāh*": "made war/waged battle/fought" } } 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.14.3", "source": "כָּל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ חָֽבְר֔וּ אֶל־עֵ֖מֶק הַשִּׂדִּ֑ים ה֖וּא יָ֥ם הַמֶּֽלַח׃", "text": "*kol*-*ʾēlleh* *ḥāḇərû* *ʾel*-*ʿēmeq* *haś-śiddîm* *hûʾ* *yām* *ham-melaḥ*", "grammar": { "*kol*": "construct state, totality - all of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ḥāḇərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - joined/allied together", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*ʿēmeq*": "common noun, masculine singular, construct - valley of", "*haś-śiddîm*": "definite article + common noun - the Siddim", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it/he", "*yām*": "common noun, masculine singular, construct - sea of", "*ham-melaḥ*": "definite article + common noun - the salt" }, "variants": { "*ḥāḇərû*": "joined/allied together/united/assembled", "*ʿēmeq haś-śiddîm*": "Valley of Siddim/Vale of fields", "*yām ham-melaḥ*": "Salt Sea/Dead Sea" } } 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.14.4", "source": "שְׁתֵּ֤ים עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה עָבְד֖וּ אֶת־כְּדָרְלָעֹ֑מֶר וּשְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה שָׁנָ֖ה מָרָֽדוּ׃", "text": "*šətêm ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *ʿāḇəḏû* *ʾeṯ*-*kəḏārlāʿōmer* *û-šəlōš*-*ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *mārāḏû*", "grammar": { "*šətêm ʿeśrēh*": "numeral, feminine - twelve", "*šānāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - year", "*ʿāḇəḏû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they served", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*kəḏārlāʿōmer*": "proper noun, king's name", "*û-šəlōš*-*ʿeśrēh*": "conjunction + numeral, feminine - and thirteen", "*mārāḏû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they rebelled" }, "variants": { "*ʿāḇəḏû*": "served/were subject to", "*mārāḏû*": "rebelled/revolted against" } } 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.14.5", "source": "וּבְאַרְבַּע֩ עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה שָׁנָ֜ה בָּ֣א כְדָרְלָעֹ֗מֶר וְהַמְּלָכִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּכּ֤וּ אֶת־רְפָאִים֙ בְּעַשְׁתְּרֹ֣ת קַרְנַ֔יִם וְאֶת־הַזּוּזִ֖ים בְּהָ֑ם וְאֵת֙ הֽ͏ָאֵימִ֔ים בְּשָׁוֵ֖ה קִרְיָתָֽיִם׃", "text": "*û-ḇə-ʾarbaʿ* *ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *bāʾ* *ḵəḏārlāʿōmer* *wə-ham-məlāḵîm* *ʾăšer* *ʾittô* *way-yakkû* *ʾeṯ*-*rəp̄āʾîm* *bə-ʿaštərōṯ* *qarnayim* *wə-ʾeṯ*-*haz-zûzîm* *bə-hām* *wə-ʾēṯ* *hā-ʾêmîm* *bə-šāwēh* *qiryāṯāyim*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇə-ʾarbaʿ*": "conjunction + preposition + numeral - and in fourteen", "*ʿeśrēh*": "numeral, feminine - ten", "*šānāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - year", "*bāʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came", "*ḵəḏārlāʿōmer*": "proper noun, king's name", "*wə-ham-məlāḵîm*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, masculine plural - and the kings", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*way-yakkû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they struck/defeated", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*rəp̄āʾîm*": "proper noun, people group (Rephaim)", "*bə-ʿaštərōṯ*": "preposition + proper noun, place name - in Ashteroth", "*qarnayim*": "proper noun, place name (Karnaim)", "*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*haz-zûzîm*": "definite article + proper noun, people group (Zuzim)", "*bə-hām*": "preposition + proper noun, place name (Ham)", "*hā-ʾêmîm*": "definite article + proper noun, people group (Emim)", "*bə-šāwēh*": "preposition + proper noun, place name - in Shaveh", "*qiryāṯāyim*": "proper noun, place name (Kiriathaim)" }, "variants": { "*way-yakkû*": "struck/defeated/smote" } }
• Exod 14:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.7", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֗ח שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת רֶ֙כֶב֙ בָּח֔וּר וְכֹ֖ל רֶ֣כֶב מִצְרָ֑יִם וְשָׁלִשִׁ֖ם עַל־כֻּלּֽוֹ", "text": "*wa-yiqqaḥ* *šēš*-*mēʾôṯ* *reḵeḇ* *bāḥûr* *wə-ḵōl* *reḵeḇ* *Miṣrāyim* *wə-šālišim* *ʿal*-*kullô*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*šēš*-*mēʾôṯ*": "numeral - six hundred", "*reḵeḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - chariot", "*bāḥûr*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - chosen", "*wə-ḵōl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and all", "*reḵeḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chariots of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wə-šālišim*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and officers/captains", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*kullô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - all of it/them" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiqqaḥ*": "and he took/and he selected", "*reḵeḇ bāḥûr*": "chosen chariots/select chariots", "*šālišim*": "officers/captains/third men (possibly chariot warriors)", "*ʿal-kullô*": "over all of them/over every one" } }
• Lev 26:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.25", "source": "וְהֵבֵאתִ֨י עֲלֵיכֶ֜ם חֶ֗רֶב נֹקֶ֙מֶת֙ נְקַם־בְּרִ֔ית וְנֶאֱסַפְתֶּ֖ם אֶל־עָרֵיכֶ֑ם וְשִׁלַּ֤חְתִּי דֶ֙בֶר֙ בְּת֣וֹכְכֶ֔ם וְנִתַּתֶּ֖ם בְּיַד־אוֹיֵֽב׃", "text": "And *wə-hēḇēʾṯî* upon you *ʿălêḵem* *ḥereḇ* *nōqemeṯ* *nəqam*-*bərîṯ* and *wə-neʾĕsap̄tem* to *ʾel*-*ʿārêḵem* and *wə-šillaḥtî* *ḏeḇer* in *bə-ṯôḵəḵem* and *wə-nittaṯtem* in *bə-yaḏ*-*ʾôyēḇ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hēḇēʾṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*nōqemeṯ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - avenging", "*nəqam*": "masculine singular construct - vengeance of", "*bərîṯ*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*wə-neʾĕsap̄tem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will be gathered", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʿārêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities", "*wə-šillaḥtî*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will send", "*ḏeḇer*": "masculine singular noun - pestilence", "*bə-ṯôḵəḵem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your midst", "*wə-nittaṯtem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will be given", "*bə-yaḏ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - into hand of", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - enemy" }, "variants": { "*hēḇēʾṯî*": "bring/lead/carry", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting instrument", "*nōqemeṯ*": "avenging/taking vengeance", "*nəqam*": "vengeance/revenge", "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*neʾĕsap̄tem*": "be gathered/assembled/brought in", "*ʿārêḵem*": "cities/towns", "*šillaḥtî*": "send/dispatch/release", "*ḏeḇer*": "pestilence/plague/disease", "*ṯôḵəḵem*": "midst/middle/among", "*nittaṯtem*": "be given/delivered/handed over", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary" } }
• Deut 20:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.1", "source": "כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א לַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה עַל־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ וְֽרָאִ֜יתָ ס֤וּס וָרֶ֙כֶב֙ עַ֚ם רַ֣ב מִמְּךָ֔ לֹ֥א תִירָ֖א מֵהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ הַמַּֽעַלְךָ֖ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "When *tēṣē* to-the-*milḥāmāh* against-*ʾōyḇêḵā* *wə-rāʾîtā* *sûs* and-*reḵeḇ* *ʿam* *raḇ* than-you, not *tîrā* from-them, for *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵā* with-you, the-one-who-*maʿalḵā* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - when/if", "*tēṣē*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you go out", "*lamilḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine noun - to the battle/war", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against", "*ʾōyḇêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*wə-rāʾîtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you see/saw", "*sûs*": "masculine singular noun - horse", "*wā-reḵeḇ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and chariot", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*raḇ*": "adjective - many/greater", "*mimməḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - than you", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tîrā*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will fear", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʿimmāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - with you", "*hammaʿalḵā*": "definite article + hiphil participle + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - the one bringing you up", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*tēṣē*": "go out/depart/proceed", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting", "*ʾōyḇêḵā*": "enemies/adversaries/foes", "*sûs*": "horse/cavalry", "*reḵeḇ*": "chariot/chariotry/vehicles", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/troops", "*raḇ*": "many/numerous/greater", "*tîrā*": "fear/be afraid/dread", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "your God/gods/deity", "*maʿalḵā*": "bringing you up/causing you to ascend" } }
• Deut 28:52 : 52 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.52", "source": "וְהֵצַ֨ר לְךָ֜ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֗יךָ עַ֣ד רֶ֤דֶת חֹמֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ הַגְּבֹה֣וֹת וְהַבְּצֻר֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֛ה בֹּטֵ֥חַ בָּהֵ֖ן בְּכָל־אַרְצֶ֑ךָ וְהֵצַ֤ר לְךָ֙ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֛ן יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*hēṣar* to-you in-all-*šĕʿārêkā* until *redet* *ḥōmōtêkā* the-*gĕbōhôt* and-the-*bĕṣurôt* which you *bōṭēaḥ* in-them in-all-*ʾarṣekā*; and-*hēṣar* to-you in-all-*šĕʿārêkā* in-all-*ʾarṣĕkā* which *nātan* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to-you.", "grammar": { "*hēṣar*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd singular - make narrow/besiege/distress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities", "*redet*": "Qal infinitive construct - coming down/falling", "*ḥōmōtêkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your walls", "*gĕbōhôt*": "adjective feminine plural - high/tall", "*bĕṣurôt*": "adjective feminine plural - fortified/inaccessible", "*bōṭēaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - trusting", "*ʾarṣekā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - give/place/set", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*hēṣar*": "besiege/distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns", "*redet*": "coming down/falling/descending", "*ḥōmōtêkā*": "your walls/your fortifications", "*bōṭēaḥ*": "trusting/relying/having confidence" } }
• Judg 1:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Judges.1.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲדֹֽנִי־בֶ֗זֶק שִׁבְעִ֣ים ׀ מְלָכִ֡ים בְּֽהֹנוֹת֩ יְדֵיהֶ֨ם וְרַגְלֵיהֶ֜ם מְקֻצָּצִ֗ים הָי֤וּ מְלַקְּטִים֙ תַּ֣חַת שֻׁלְחָנִ֔י כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔יתִי כֵּ֥ן שִׁלַּם־לִ֖י אֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיְבִיאֻ֥הוּ יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם וַיָּ֥מָת שָֽׁם׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾĂdōnî-bezeq*: *šibʿîm* *məlāḵîm* with *bəhōnôt* their hands and their feet *məquṣṣāṣîm* *hāyû* *məlaqqəṭîm* under *šulḥānî*, as *kaʾăšer* *ʿāśîtî*, so *šillam-lî* *ʾĕlōhîm*. And *wayəbîʾuhû* *Yərûšālaim* and *wayyāmāt* there.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾĂdōnî-bezeq*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Adoni-bezek (lord of Bezek)", "*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number, common - seventy", "*məlāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*bəhōnôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - thumbs/big toes of", "*məquṣṣāṣîm*": "pual participle, masculine plural - being cut off", "*hāyû*": "perfect, qal, 3rd common plural - they were", "*məlaqqəṭîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - gathering", "*šulḥānî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - my table", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative pronoun - as/just as", "*ʿāśîtî*": "perfect, qal, 1st common singular - I did/have done", "*šillam-lî*": "perfect, piel, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 1st common singular suffix - he has repaid to me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (used as singular) - God", "*wayəbîʾuhû*": "consecutive imperfect, hiphil, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they brought him", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun, place name - Jerusalem", "*wayyāmāt*": "consecutive imperfect, qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he died" }, "variants": { "*məquṣṣāṣîm*": "cut off/amputated/severed", "*hāyû*": "were/had been/used to be", "*məlaqqəṭîm*": "gathering/picking up/gleaning", "*šillam-lî*": "repaid me/requited me/recompensed me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being" } }
• Judg 4:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Judges.4.3", "source": "וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֠י תְּשַׁ֨ע מֵא֤וֹת רֶֽכֶב־בַּרְזֶל֙ ל֔וֹ וְ֠הוּא לָחַ֞ץ אֶת־בְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּחָזְקָ֖ה עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*wa-yiṣʿăqû bənê-yiśrāʾēl ʾel-Yahweh kî təšaʿ mēʾôt rekeb-barzel* to him and he *lāḥaṣ* *ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl* with *ḥozqâ* twenty *šānâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiṣʿăqû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they cried out", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state + proper noun - sons of Israel/Israelites", "*ʾel-Yahweh*": "preposition + divine name - to/unto Yahweh", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*təšaʿ mēʾôt*": "numeral + plural noun - nine hundred", "*rekeb-barzel*": "construct noun + noun - chariots of iron", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him/for him/he had", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*lāḥaṣ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - oppressed/crushed", "*ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + construct noun + proper noun - sons of Israel/Israelites", "*bəḥozqâ*": "preposition + noun - with strength/mightily/severely", "*ʿeśrîm šānâ*": "numeral + noun - twenty years" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiṣʿăqû*": "they cried out/they called for help", "*kî*": "because/for/that", "*lāḥaṣ*": "oppressed/crushed/pressed hard", "*bəḥozqâ*": "mightily/severely/with strength" } }
• 1 Sam 13:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.13.5", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים נֶאֶסְפ֣וּ ׀ לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים אֶ֤לֶף רֶ֙כֶב֙ וְשֵׁ֤שֶׁת אֲלָפִים֙ פָּרָשִׁ֔ים וְעָ֕ם כַּח֛וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־שְׂפַֽת־הַיָּ֖ם לָרֹ֑ב וַֽיַּעֲלוּ֙ וַיַּחֲנ֣וּ בְמִכְמָ֔שׂ קִדְמַ֖ת בֵּ֥ית אָֽוֶן׃", "text": "And-*pĕlištîm* *neʾesp̄û* to-*hillāḥēm* with-*yiśrāʾēl* *šĕlōšîm* *ʾelep̄* *rekeḇ* and-*šēšet* *ʾălāp̄îm* *pārāšîm* and-*ʿām* like-*ḥôl* which on-*śĕp̄at*-*hayyām* for-*rōḇ* *wayyaʿălû* *wayyaḥănû* in-*mikmās* *qidmat* *bêt* *ʾāwen*", "grammar": { "*neʾesp̄û*": "niphal perfect, 3cp - they gathered themselves/were assembled", "*hillāḥēm*": "niphal infinitive construct - to fight/to wage war", "*šĕlōšîm*": "cardinal number - thirty", "*ʾelep̄*": "masculine singular - thousand", "*rekeḇ*": "collective noun - chariots", "*šēšet*": "construct state - six", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "masculine plural - thousands", "*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural - horsemen/cavalry", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular - people/troops", "*ḥôl*": "masculine singular - sand", "*śĕp̄at*": "construct state - shore/lip", "*hayyām*": "definite article + masculine singular - the sea", "*rōḇ*": "masculine singular - abundance/multitude", "*wayyaʿălû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3mp - and they went up", "*wayyaḥănû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3mp - and they encamped" }, "variants": { "*pārāšîm*": "horsemen/cavalry/charioteers", "*qidmat*": "east of/in front of/before" } }
• 1 Kgs 16:24 : 24 { "verseID": "1 Kings.16.24", "source": "וַיִּ֜קֶן אֶת־הָהָ֥ר שֹׁמְר֛וֹן מֵ֥אֶת שֶׁ֖מֶר בְּכִכְּרַ֣יִם כָּ֑סֶף וַיִּ֙בֶן֙ אֶת־הָהָ֔ר וַיִּקְרָ֗א אֶת־שֵׁ֤ם הָעִיר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּנָ֔ה עַ֣ל שֶׁם־שֶׁ֔מֶר אֲדֹנֵ֖י הָהָ֥ר שֹׁמְרֽוֹן", "text": "And *wə-yiqen* *ʾeṯ*-the-*hār šōmərôn* from *mēʾeṯ šemer* for-two-*kikkərayim kāsep̄*; and *wə-yiḇen* *ʾeṯ*-the-*hār*, and *wə-yiqrāʾ* *ʾeṯ*-*šēm* the-*ʿîr* which *bānâ*, after *šem*-*šemer ʾăḏōnê* the-*hār*, *šōmərôn*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqen*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he bought", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - hill/mountain", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*mēʾeṯ*": "preposition - from", "*šemer*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Shemer", "*kikkərayim*": "dual noun - two talents/kikkar", "*kāsep̄*": "masculine singular noun - silver/money", "*wə-yiḇen*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he built", "*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct noun - name of", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - city", "*bānâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he built", "*šem*": "masculine singular construct noun - name of", "*ʾăḏōnê*": "masculine plural construct noun - owner of/lord of", "*hār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - hill/mountain" }, "variants": { "*yiqen*": "bought/purchased/acquired", "*kikkərayim kāsep̄*": "two talents of silver/two kikkar of silver (a weight measure)", "*yiḇen*": "built/constructed/developed", "*yiqrāʾ*": "called/named", "*ʾăḏōnê*": "owner of/master of/lord of" } }
• 1 Kgs 20:16 : 16 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.16", "source": "וַיֵּצְא֖וּ בַּֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִם וּבֶן־הֲדַד֩ שֹׁתֶ֨ה שִׁכּ֜וֹר בַּסֻּכּ֗וֹת ה֧וּא וְהַמְּלָכִ֛ים שְׁלֹשִֽׁים־וּשְׁנַ֥יִם מֶ֖לֶךְ עֹזֵ֥ר אֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyēṣᵊʾû* [they went out] at *baṣṣohŏrāyim* [the noon], and *ben-hăḏaḏ* [Ben-Hadad] *šōṯeh* [drinking] *šikkôr* [drunk] in *bassukkoṯ* [the booths/tents], *hûʾ* [he] and the *hammᵊlāḵîm* [kings], thirty and two *meleḵ* [king] *ʿōzēr* [helping] *ʾōṯô* [him].", "grammar": { "*wayyēṣᵊʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they went out", "*baṣṣohŏrāyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine dual noun - at the noon/midday", "*ben-hăḏaḏ*": "proper name - Ben-Hadad (son of Hadad)", "*šōṯeh*": "qal participle masculine singular - drinking", "*šikkôr*": "adjective masculine singular - drunk", "*bassukkoṯ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - in the booths/tents/tabernacles", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - he", "*hammᵊlāḵîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the kings", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun - king", "*ʿōzēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - helping/assisting", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him" }, "variants": { "*šikkôr*": "drunk/intoxicated", "*bassukkoṯ*": "in the booths/tents/tabernacles/temporary shelters", "*ʿōzēr*": "helping/assisting/supporting" } }
• 1 Kgs 20:24 : 24 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.24", "source": "וְאֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה עֲשֵׂ֑ה הָסֵ֤ר הַמְּלָכִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ מִמְּקֹמ֔וֹ וְשִׂ֥ים פַּח֖וֹת תַּחְתֵּיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wᵊʾeṯ-haddāḇār hazzeh* [this thing] *ʿăśēh* [do]: *hāsēr* [remove] *hammᵊlāḵîm* [the kings], *ʾîš* [each man] from *mimmᵊqōmô* [his place], and *wᵊśîm* [put] *paḥôṯ* [governors] *taḥtêhem* [in their place].", "grammar": { "*wᵊʾeṯ-haddāḇār hazzeh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun + demonstrative adjective - and this thing/matter", "*ʿăśēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - do", "*hāsēr*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular - remove/take away", "*hammᵊlāḵîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the kings", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man/each one", "*mimmᵊqōmô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his place", "*wᵊśîm*": "conjunction + qal imperative masculine singular - and put/place", "*paḥôṯ*": "masculine plural noun - governors/officials", "*taḥtêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their place/instead of them" }, "variants": { "*hāsēr*": "remove/take away/depose", "*paḥôṯ*": "governors/officials/captains/deputies" } }