Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.31.2", "source": "כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה מָצָ֥א חֵן֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר עַ֖ם שְׂרִ֣ידֵי חָ֑רֶב הָל֥וֹךְ לְהַרְגִּיע֖וֹ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, *māṣāʾ* *ḥēn* in the *midbār* *ʿam* *śərîdê* *ḥāreb*, *hālôk* to cause *hargîʿô* *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*māṣāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he found", "*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - grace/favor", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people", "*śərîdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - survivors/remnant", "*ḥāreb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*hālôk*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - going/walking", "*hargîʿô*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to give rest to him", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*ḥēn*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland", "*śərîdê*": "survivors/remnant/those who escaped", "*ḥāreb*": "sword/warfare/destruction", "*hālôk*": "going/walking/proceeding", "*hargîʿô*": "to give rest to/to cause to rest/to find repose" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Ps 95:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.95.11", "source": "אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֥עְתִּי בְאַפִּ֑י אִם־יְ֝בֹא֗וּן אֶל־מְנוּחָתִֽי", "text": "*ʾăšer*-*nišbaʿtî* in-my-*ʾap* if-*yĕbōʾûn* to-my-*mĕnûḥâ*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*nišbaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st person singular, niphal - I swore", "*ʾap*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition bet - in my anger", "*yĕbōʾûn*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal with paragogic nun (oath formula) - they shall enter", "*mĕnûḥâ*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition el - to my rest" }, "variants": { "*ʾăšer*": "which/that/when", "*nišbaʿtî*": "I swore/I took an oath", "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/face", "*yĕbōʾûn*": "they shall enter/they shall come (in negative oath: they shall not enter)", "*mĕnûḥâ*": "rest/resting place/comfort" } }
  • Num 10:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Numbers.10.33", "source": "וַיִּסְעוּ֙ מֵהַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה דֶּ֖רֶךְ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים וַאֲר֨וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֜ה נֹסֵ֣עַ לִפְנֵיהֶ֗ם דֶּ֚רֶךְ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֔ים לָת֥וּר לָהֶ֖ם מְנוּחָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyisʿû* from-*har* *YHWH* *derek* *šәlōšet* *yāmîm* and-*ʾărôn* *bәrît*-*YHWH* *nōsēaʿ* before-them *derek* *šәlōšet* *yāmîm* *lātûr* for-them *mәnûḥâh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyisʿû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they set out", "*har*": "masculine singular noun construct - mountain of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun construct - journey of", "*šәlōšet*": "feminine singular noun construct - three of", "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - days", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular noun construct - ark of", "*bәrît*": "feminine singular noun construct - covenant of", "*nōsēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - journeying", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun construct - journey of", "*šәlōšet*": "feminine singular noun construct - three of", "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - days", "*lātûr*": "Qal infinitive construct - to search out", "*mәnûḥâh*": "feminine singular noun - resting place" }, "variants": { "*wayyisʿû*": "and they set out/journeyed/traveled", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*derek*": "journey/way/road", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest", "*bәrît*": "covenant/agreement", "*nōsēaʿ*": "journeying/traveling", "*lātûr*": "to search out/explore/find", "*mәnûḥâh*": "resting place/rest/place to settle" } }
  • Deut 1:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.33", "source": "הַהֹלֵ֨ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֜ם בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ לָת֥וּר לָכֶ֛ם מָק֖וֹם לֽ͏ַחֲנֹֽתְכֶ֑ם בָּאֵ֣שׁ ׀ לַ֗יְלָה לַרְאֹֽתְכֶם֙ בַּדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָ֔הּ וּבֶעָנָ֖ן יוֹמָֽם׃", "text": "The *hōlēk* before you in the *derek*, to *tūr* for you *māqōm* for your *ḥănōt*; in the *ʾēš* by *laylāh* to *rāʾōt* for you in the *derek* which you shall *tēlkū*-in it, and in the *ʿānān* by *yōmām*.", "grammar": { "*hōlēk*": "participle, masculine singular - walking/going", "*derek*": "noun, feminine singular construct - way/road/path", "*tūr*": "infinitive construct - to seek out/explore/search", "*māqōm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place/location", "*ḥănōt*": "infinitive construct with 2nd person plural suffix - to camp/encamp", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*laylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*rāʾōt*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd person plural suffix - to show/cause to see", "*tēlkū*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will walk/go", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*yōmām*": "adverb - by day/daytime" }, "variants": { "*hōlēk*": "the one walking/going/traveling", "*tūr*": "to search out/explore/seek", "*māqōm*": "place/location/site", "*ḥănōt*": "to camp/pitch tents/encamp", "*rāʾōt*": "to show you/cause you to see/make visible to you" } }
  • Deut 2:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.7", "source": "כִּי֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ בֵּֽרַכְךָ֗ בְּכֹל֙ מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יָדֶ֔ךָ יָדַ֣ע לֶכְתְּךָ֔ אֶת־הַמִּדְבָּ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל הַזֶּ֑ה זֶ֣ה ׀ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֗ה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹ֥א חָסַ֖רְתָּ דָּבָֽר׃", "text": "*Kî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *bērakekā* in *kōl* *maʿăśēh* *yādekā* *yādaʿ* *lektekā* *ʾet*-the *midbār* the *gādōl* the *zeh* *zeh* *ʾarbāʿîm* *šānāh* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* with you not *ḥāsartā* *dābār*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bērakekā*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - has blessed you", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - work of", "*yādekā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*yādaʿ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he has known", "*lektekā*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your going", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*midbār*": "noun masculine singular - wilderness", "*gādōl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this", "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "cardinal number - forty", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ḥāsartā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have lacked", "*dābār*": "noun masculine singular - thing/word" }, "variants": { "*bērakekā*": "blessed/favored/prospered you", "*maʿăśēh*": "work/deed/labor", "*yādaʿ*": "known/recognized/been attentive to", "*lektekā*": "your going/walking/journey", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*gādōl*": "great/large/mighty", "*ḥāsartā*": "lacked/been wanting/been in need of", "*dābār*": "thing/word/matter" } }
  • Deut 8:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.8.2", "source": "וְזָכַרְתָּ֣ אֶת־כָּל־הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֹלִֽיכֲךָ֜ יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ זֶ֛ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לְמַ֨עַן עַנֹּֽתְךָ֜ לְנַסֹּֽתְךָ֗ לָדַ֜עַת אֶת־אֲשֶׁ֧ר בִּֽלְבָבְךָ֛ הֲתִשְׁמֹ֥ר מִצְוֺתָ֖יו אִם־לֹֽא׃", "text": "And-*zākartā* *ʾet*-all-the-*derek* which *hôlîkəkā* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* this *ʾarbāʿîm* *šānāh* in-the-*midbār* to-the-purpose-that *ʿannōtəkā* to-*nassōtəkā* to-*lādaʿat* *ʾet*-which in-*lībābəkā* ?-*tišmōr* *mitsvōtāw* if-not.", "grammar": { "*zākartā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall remember", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*derek*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - way/road/journey", "*hôlîkəkā*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he led you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "cardinal number - forty", "*šānāh*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition - in the wilderness/desert", "*ʿannōtəkā*": "Piel infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to humble/afflict you", "*nassōtəkā*": "Piel infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to test/try you", "*lādaʿat*": "Qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to know", "*lībābəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition - in your heart", "*tišmōr*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will keep", "*mitsvōtāw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his commandments" }, "variants": { "*zākartā*": "remember/recall/call to mind", "*derek*": "way/road/journey/path/manner", "*hôlîkəkā*": "led/caused to walk/guided", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*ʿannōtəkā*": "humble/afflict/oppress", "*nassōtəkā*": "test/try/prove", "*lādaʿat*": "to know/learn/perceive", "*lībābəkā*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*tišmōr*": "keep/observe/guard/preserve" } } 3 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.8.3", "source": "וַֽיְעַנְּךָ֮ וַיַּרְעִבֶךָ֒ וַיַּֽאֲכִֽלְךָ֤ אֶת הַמָּן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־יָדַ֔עְתָּ וְלֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּן אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ לְמַ֣עַן הוֹדִֽעֲךָ֗ כִּ֠י לֹ֣א עַל־הַלֶּ֤חֶם לְבַדּוֹ֙ יִחְיֶ֣ה הָֽאָדָ֔ם כִּ֛י עַל־כָּל־מוֹצָ֥א פִֽי־יְהוָ֖ה יִחְיֶ֥ה הָאָדָֽם׃", "text": "And-*yəʿannəkā* and-*yarʿibekā* and-*yaʾăkīləkā* *ʾet* the-*mān* which not-*yādaʿtā* and-not *yādʿûn* *ʾăbōtêkā* to-the-purpose-that *hôdīʿăkā* that not upon-the-*leḥem* to-*baddô* *yiḥyeh* the-*ʾādām* but upon-all-*môtsāʾ* *pî*-*YHWH* *yiḥyeh* the-*ʾādām*.", "grammar": { "*yəʿannəkā*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive - and he humbled you", "*yarʿibekā*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive - and he caused you to hunger", "*yaʾăkīləkā*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive - and he fed you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mān*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - manna", "*yādaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you knew", "*yādʿûn*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they knew", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*hôdīʿăkā*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to make you know", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - bread", "*baddô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition - by itself", "*yiḥyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will live", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - man/human", "*môtsāʾ*": "masculine singular construct noun - what comes out/utterance", "*pî*": "masculine singular construct noun - mouth of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name" }, "variants": { "*yəʿannəkā*": "humbled/afflicted/oppressed you", "*yarʿibekā*": "made you hungry/caused you to hunger", "*yaʾăkīləkā*": "fed you/caused you to eat", "*mān*": "manna/what is it?", "*yādaʿtā*": "knew/recognized/were acquainted with", "*hôdīʿăkā*": "to make you know/inform you/teach you", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*baddô*": "alone/by itself/separated", "*yiḥyeh*": "will live/survive/be sustained", "*ʾādām*": "man/humankind/person", "*môtsāʾ*": "what comes out/utterance/pronouncement" } }
  • Deut 8:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.8.16", "source": "הַמּֽ͏ַאֲכִ֨לְךָ֥ מָן֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָדְע֖וּן אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ לְמַ֣עַן עַנֹּֽתְךָ֗ וּלְמַ֙עַן֙ נַסֹּתֶ֔ךָ לְהֵיטִֽבְךָ֖ בְּאַחֲרִיתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "The-*maʾăkiləkā* *mān* in-the-*midbār* which not-*yādʿûn* *ʾăbōtêkā* to-the-purpose-that *ʿannōtəkā* and-to-the-purpose-that *nassōtekā* to-*hêṭîbəkā* in-*ʾaḥărîtekā*.", "grammar": { "*maʾăkiləkā*": "Hiphil participle with 2nd person masculine singular suffix with definite article - the one feeding you", "*mān*": "masculine singular noun - manna", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article with prefixed preposition - in the wilderness", "*yādʿûn*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they knew", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*ʿannōtəkā*": "Piel infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to humble you", "*nassōtekā*": "Piel infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to test you", "*hêṭîbəkā*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to do good to you", "*ʾaḥărîtekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition - in your end/future" }, "variants": { "*maʾăkiləkā*": "feeding you/causing you to eat", "*mān*": "manna/what is it?", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*yādʿûn*": "they knew/were acquainted with", "*ʿannōtəkā*": "to humble you/afflict you", "*nassōtekā*": "to test you/try you/prove you", "*hêṭîbəkā*": "to do good to you/benefit you/treat you well", "*ʾaḥărîtekā*": "your end/future/latter days/outcome" } }
  • Deut 12:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.12.9", "source": "כִּ֥י לֹא־בָ‪אתֶ֖ם עַד־עָ֑תָּה אֶל־הַמְּנוּחָה֙ וְאֶל־הֽ͏ַנַּחֲלָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*kî* not-*bāʾtem* to-*ʿāttāh* to-the *mənûḥāh* and to-the *naḥălāh* which-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhɛḵā* *nōtēn* to you", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bāʾtem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you have come", "*ʿāttāh*": "adverb - now/at this time", "*mənûḥāh*": "feminine singular noun - rest/resting place", "*naḥălāh*": "feminine singular noun - inheritance/possession", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhɛḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*nōtēn*": "qal participle masculine singular - giving" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because/since", "*bāʾtem*": "come/arrive/enter", "*mənûḥāh*": "rest/resting place/place of repose", "*naḥălāh*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*nōtēn*": "giving/granting/bestowing" } }
  • Neh 9:12-15 : 12 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.12", "source": "וּבְעַמּ֣וּד עָנָ֔ן הִנְחִיתָ֖ם יוֹמָ֑ם וּבְעַמּ֥וּד אֵשׁ֙ לַ֔יְלָה לְהָאִ֣יר לָהֶ֔ם אֶת־הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֵֽלְכוּ־בָֽהּ׃", "text": "And in *ʿammûd* *ʿānān* *hinḥîtām* *yômām*, and in *ʿammûd* *ʾēš* *laylâ* to *ləhāʾîr* to them *ʾet*-the *dereḵ* which *yēləḵû*-in it.", "grammar": { "*ʿammûd*": "masculine singular construct - pillar of", "*ʿānān*": "masculine singular - cloud", "*hinḥîtām*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you led them", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day", "*ʿammûd*": "masculine singular construct - pillar of", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular - fire", "*laylâ*": "masculine singular - night", "*ləhāʾîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give light", "*dereḵ*": "masculine singular - way/road", "*yēləḵû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will go/walk" }, "variants": { "*ʿammûd*": "pillar/column", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/mass of clouds", "*hinḥîtām*": "you led them/guided them/directed them", "*yômām*": "by day/daytime", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*laylâ*": "night/nighttime", "*ləhāʾîr*": "to give light/illuminate/shine", "*dereḵ*": "way/road/path/journey", "*yēləḵû*": "they will go/walk/travel" } } 13 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.13", "source": "וְעַ֤ל הַר־סִינַי֙ יָרַ֔דְתָּ וְדַבֵּ֥ר עִמָּהֶ֖ם מִשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַתִּתֵּ֨ן לָהֶ֜ם מִשְׁפָּטִ֤ים יְשָׁרִים֙ וְתוֹר֣וֹת אֱמֶ֔ת חֻקִּ֥ים וּמִצְוֺ֖ת טוֹבִֽים׃", "text": "And upon *har*-*Sînay* *yāradtā* and *dabbēr* with them from *šāmāyim*, and *wattittēn* to them *mišpāṭîm* *yəšārîm* and *tôrôt* *ʾĕmet*, *ḥuqqîm* and *miṣwōt* *ṭôḇîm*.", "grammar": { "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*Sînay*": "proper noun - Sinai", "*yāradtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you came down", "*dabbēr*": "piel infinitive construct - to speak", "*šāmāyim*": "masculine plural - heavens", "*wattittēn*": "qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine singular - and you gave", "*mišpāṭîm*": "masculine plural - judgments/ordinances", "*yəšārîm*": "adjective masculine plural - upright/straight", "*tôrôt*": "feminine plural construct - laws/instructions of", "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular - truth", "*ḥuqqîm*": "masculine plural - statutes", "*miṣwōt*": "feminine plural - commandments", "*ṭôḇîm*": "adjective masculine plural - good" }, "variants": { "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*yāradtā*": "you came down/descended", "*dabbēr*": "to speak/talk/declare", "*šāmāyim*": "heavens/sky", "*wattittēn*": "you gave/provided/granted", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/regulations/laws", "*yəšārîm*": "upright/straight/just/right", "*tôrôt*": "laws/instructions/teachings", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*miṣwōt*": "commandments/precepts/orders", "*ṭôḇîm*": "good/pleasant/beneficial" } } 14 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.14", "source": "וְאֶת־שַׁבַּ֥ת קָדְשְׁךָ֖ הוֹדַ֣עַ‪[t]‬תָ לָהֶ֑ם וּמִצְו֤וֹת וְחֻקִּים֙ וְתוֹרָ֔ה צִוִּ֣יתָ לָהֶ֔ם בְּיַ֖ד מֹשֶׁ֥ה עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾet-šabbat qodšəḵā hodaʿtā lahem wə-miṣwot wə-ḥuqqim wə-tôrāh ṣiwwîtā lahem bəyad mōšeh ʿabdəḵā", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šabbat*": "construct state, feminine singular - sabbath of", "*qodšəḵā*": "noun + 2ms possessive suffix - your holiness/sanctity", "*hodaʿtā*": "hiphil perfect, 2ms - you made known", "*lahem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them", "*wə-miṣwot*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural construct - and commandments of", "*wə-ḥuqqim*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and statutes", "*wə-tôrāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and law/instruction", "*ṣiwwîtā*": "piel perfect, 2ms - you commanded", "*bəyad*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - by the hand of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿabdəḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2ms possessive suffix - your servant" }, "variants": { "*šabbat qodšəḵā*": "your holy sabbath/your sabbath of holiness", "*hodaʿtā*": "made known/revealed/informed", "*miṣwot*": "commandments/precepts", "*ḥuqqim*": "statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*bəyad*": "by the hand of/through/by means of" } } 15 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.15", "source": "וְ֠לֶחֶם מִשָּׁמַ֜יִם נָתַ֤תָּה לָהֶם֙ לִרְעָבָ֔ם וּמַ֗יִם מִסֶּ֛לַע הוֹצֵ֥אתָ לָהֶ֖ם לִצְמָאָ֑ם וַתֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֗ם לָבוֹא֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָשָׂ֥אתָ אֶת־יָדְךָ֖ לָתֵ֥ת לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-leḥem miššāmayim nātattā lahem lirʿābām wə-mayim misselaʿ hôṣēʾtā lahem liṣmāʾām wattōʾmer lahem lābôʾ lārešet ʾet-hāʾāreṣ ʾăšer-nāśāʾtā ʾet-yādəḵā lātēt lahem", "grammar": { "*wə-leḥem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and bread", "*miššāmayim*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - from heaven", "*nātattā*": "qal perfect, 2ms - you gave", "*lahem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them", "*lirʿābām*": "preposition + noun + 3mp suffix - for their hunger", "*wə-mayim*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and water", "*misselaʿ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from rock", "*hôṣēʾtā*": "hiphil perfect, 2ms - you brought out", "*liṣmāʾām*": "preposition + noun + 3mp suffix - for their thirst", "*wattōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2ms - and you said", "*lābôʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to come", "*lārešet*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to possess/inherit", "*ʾet-hāʾāreṣ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*nāśāʾtā*": "qal perfect, 2ms - you lifted up", "*ʾet-yādəḵā*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 2ms suffix - your hand", "*lātēt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to give", "*lahem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them" }, "variants": { "*leḥem miššāmayim*": "bread from heaven/heavenly bread/manna", "*nātattā*": "gave/provided/supplied", "*selaʿ*": "rock/stone/cliff", "*hôṣēʾtā*": "brought out/produced/caused to come forth", "*lābôʾ lārešet*": "to come to possess/to enter to inherit", "*nāśāʾtā ʾet-yādəḵā*": "you lifted your hand/you swore (an oath gesture)" } }
  • Ps 78:14-16 : 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.14", "source": "וַיַּנְחֵ֣ם בֶּעָנָ֣ן יוֹמָ֑ם וְכָל־הַ֝לַּ֗יְלָה בְּא֣וֹר אֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "And he *wayyanḥēm* in *beʿānān* by *yômām* and all-*wᵉḵāl*-the *hallaylâ* in light of *bᵉʾôr* *ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*wayyanḥēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he led them", "*beʿānān*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - with/by a cloud", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day/daily", "*wᵉḵāl*": "waw conjunctive + noun, masculine singular construct - and all of", "*hallaylâ*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the night", "*bᵉʾôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in/with light of", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire" }, "variants": { "*wayyanḥēm*": "and he led them/guided them", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/cloud mass", "*yômām*": "by day/daily/daytime", "*ʾôr*": "light/illumination/brightness", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.15", "source": "יְבַקַּ֣ע צֻ֭רִים בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַ֝יַּ֗שְׁקְ כִּתְהֹמ֥וֹת רַבָּֽה׃", "text": "He *yᵉḇaqqaʿ* *ṣûrîm* in the *bammiḏbār* and he *wayyašq* like *kitᵉhōmôt* *rabbâ*", "grammar": { "*yᵉḇaqqaʿ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he split/broke open", "*ṣûrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - rocks", "*bammiḏbār*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness/desert", "*wayyašq*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he gave drink", "*kitᵉhōmôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - like depths/deep places", "*rabbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great/many/abundant" }, "variants": { "*yᵉḇaqqaʿ*": "split/broke open/cleaved/divided", "*ṣûrîm*": "rocks/cliffs/rocky places", "*miḏbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*wayyašq*": "and he gave drink/caused to drink/watered", "*tᵉhōmôt*": "depths/deep places/abysses/oceans", "*rabbâ*": "great/many/abundant/plentiful" } } 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.16", "source": "וַיּוֹצִ֣א נוֹזְלִ֣ים מִסָּ֑לַע וַיּ֖וֹרֶד כַּנְּהָר֣וֹת מָֽיִם׃", "text": "And he *wayyôṣiʾ* *nôzᵉlîm* from *missālaʿ* and he caused to run down *wayyôreḏ* like the *kannᵉhārôt* *māyim*", "grammar": { "*wayyôṣiʾ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought out", "*nôzᵉlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - flowing streams", "*missālaʿ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from rock/cliff", "*wayyôreḏ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he caused to run down", "*kannᵉhārôt*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine plural - like the rivers", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters" }, "variants": { "*wayyôṣiʾ*": "and he brought out/caused to come forth/produced", "*nôzᵉlîm*": "flowing streams/flowing things/floods", "*sālaʿ*": "rock/cliff/crag", "*wayyôreḏ*": "and he caused to run down/sent down/made flow", "*nᵉhārôt*": "rivers/streams/flowing waters" } }
  • Ps 78:23-29 : 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.23", "source": "וַיְצַ֣ו שְׁחָקִ֣ים מִמָּ֑עַל וְדַלְתֵ֖י שָׁמַ֣יִם פָּתָֽח׃", "text": "Yet he *wayᵉṣaw* *šᵉḥāqîm* from above *mimmāʿal* and doors of *wᵉḏaltê* *šāmayim* he *pātāḥ*", "grammar": { "*wayᵉṣaw*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he commanded", "*šᵉḥāqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - clouds/skies", "*mimmāʿal*": "preposition + adverb - from above", "*wᵉḏaltê*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine dual construct - and doors/gates of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural - heaven/sky", "*pātāḥ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he opened" }, "variants": { "*wayᵉṣaw*": "and he commanded/ordered/directed", "*šᵉḥāqîm*": "clouds/skies/heavens", "*mimmāʿal*": "from above/overhead/in the heights", "*ḏaltê*": "doors/gates/entrances", "*šāmayim*": "heaven/sky/heavens", "*pātāḥ*": "opened/unlocked/set free" } } 24 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.24", "source": "וַיַּמְטֵ֬ר עֲלֵיהֶ֣ם מָ֣ן לֶאֱכֹ֑ל וּדְגַן־שָׁ֝מַ֗יִם נָ֣תַן לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "And he *wayyamṭēr* upon them *ʿălêhem* *mān* to *leʾěḵōl* and grain of-*ûḏᵉḡan*-*šāmayim* *nātan* to them *lāmô*", "grammar": { "*wayyamṭēr*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he caused to rain down", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*mān*": "noun, masculine singular - manna", "*leʾěḵōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*ûḏᵉḡan*": "waw conjunctive + noun, masculine singular construct - and grain of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural - heaven/sky", "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them" }, "variants": { "*wayyamṭēr*": "and he caused to rain down/showered", "*mān*": "manna/what is it?/heavenly food", "*ḏāḡān*": "grain/corn/cereal", "*šāmayim*": "heaven/sky/heavens", "*nātan*": "gave/granted/placed", "*lāmô*": "to them/for them" } } 25 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.25", "source": "לֶ֣חֶם אַ֭בִּירִים אָ֣כַל אִ֑ישׁ צֵידָ֬ה שָׁלַ֖ח לָהֶ֣ם לָשֹֽׂבַע׃", "text": "Bread of *leḥem* *ʾabbîrîm* *ʾāḵal* *ʾîš* *ṣêḏâ* he *šālaḥ* to them *lāhem* to *lāśōḇaʿ*", "grammar": { "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular construct - bread of", "*ʾabbîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty ones/angels", "*ʾāḵal*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he ate", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*ṣêḏâ*": "noun, feminine singular - provision/food", "*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he sent", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*lāśōḇaʿ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to satisfaction/fullness" }, "variants": { "*leḥem*": "bread/food/grain", "*ʾabbîrîm*": "mighty ones/angels/nobles/powerful ones", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/person", "*ṣêḏâ*": "provision/food/sustenance", "*šālaḥ*": "sent/dispatched/let go", "*śōḇaʿ*": "satisfaction/fullness/abundance" } } 26 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.26", "source": "יַסַּ֣ע קָ֭דִים בַּשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַיְנַהֵ֖ג בְּעֻזּ֣וֹ תֵימָֽן׃", "text": "He caused to blow *yassaʿ* *qāḏîm* in the *baššāmāyim* and he *wayᵉnahēḡ* in his *bᵉʿuzzô* *têmān*", "grammar": { "*yassaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he caused to blow/move", "*qāḏîm*": "noun, masculine singular - east wind", "*baššāmāyim*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine plural - in the heaven/sky", "*wayᵉnahēḡ*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he drove/guided", "*bᵉʿuzzô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in/by his strength", "*têmān*": "noun, masculine singular - south wind" }, "variants": { "*yassaʿ*": "he caused to blow/move/depart", "*qāḏîm*": "east wind/eastern direction", "*šāmayim*": "heaven/sky/heavens", "*wayᵉnahēḡ*": "and he drove/guided/led", "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power", "*têmān*": "south wind/southern direction" } } 27 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.27", "source": "וַיַּמְטֵ֬ר עֲלֵיהֶ֣ם כֶּעָפָ֣ר שְׁאֵ֑ר וּֽכְח֥וֹל יַ֝מִּ֗ים ע֣וֹף כָּנָֽף׃", "text": "*wə-yamṭēr* upon-them like-*ʿāphār* *šəʾēr* and-like-*ḥōl* *yammîm* *ʿōph* *kānāph*", "grammar": { "*wə-yamṭēr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he caused to rain", "*ʿāphār*": "masculine singular noun in construct state - dust of", "*šəʾēr*": "masculine singular noun - flesh/meat/food", "*ḥōl*": "masculine singular construct - sand of", "*yammîm*": "masculine plural noun - seas", "*ʿōph*": "masculine singular noun - flying creatures/birds", "*kānāph*": "masculine singular noun - wing" }, "variants": { "*šəʾēr*": "flesh/meat/kinsman/food", "*ʿōph*": "birds/flying creatures", "*kānāph*": "wing/extremity/edge" } } 28 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.28", "source": "וַ֭יַּפֵּל בְּקֶ֣רֶב מַחֲנֵ֑הוּ סָ֝בִ֗יב לְמִשְׁכְּנֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*wə-yappēl* in-*qereb* *maḥănēhū* *sābîb* *lə-miškənōtāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yappēl*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he caused to fall", "*qereb*": "masculine singular noun in construct state - midst of", "*maḥănēhū*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his camp", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*lə-miškənōtāyw*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to/for his dwelling places" }, "variants": { "*qereb*": "midst/among/within", "*sābîb*": "round about/surrounding/on all sides" } } 29 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.29", "source": "וַיֹּאכְל֣וּ וַיִּשְׂבְּע֣וּ מְאֹ֑ד וְ֝תַֽאֲוָתָ֗ם יָבִ֥א לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾklû* *wə-yiśbəʿû* *məʾōd* *wə-taʾăwātām* *yābīʾ* to-them", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾklû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they ate", "*wə-yiśbəʿû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they were satisfied/filled", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*wə-taʾăwātām*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their desire/craving", "*yābīʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he brought/would bring" }, "variants": { "*məʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*taʾăwātām*": "desire/craving/longing" } }
  • Ps 78:52 : 52 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.52", "source": "וַיַּסַּ֣ע כַּצֹּ֣אן עַמּ֑וֹ וַֽיְנַהֲגֵ֥ם כַּ֝עֵ֗דֶר בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yassaʿ* like-the-*ṣōʾn* *ʿammō* *wə-ynahăgēm* like-the-*ʿēder* in-the-*midbār*", "grammar": { "*wə-yassaʿ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he set out/made to journey", "*ṣōʾn*": "feminine singular noun with article - the flock/sheep", "*ʿammō*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*wə-ynahăgēm*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix with waw consecutive - and he led them", "*ʿēder*": "masculine singular noun with article - the flock/herd", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with article - the wilderness/desert" }, "variants": { "*wə-yassaʿ*": "set out/made to journey/removed", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/small cattle", "*wə-ynahăgēm*": "led them/guided them/drove them", "*ʿēder*": "flock/herd/drove" } }
  • Exod 1:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.1.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בְּיַלֶּדְכֶן֙ אֶת־הָֽעִבְרִיּ֔וֹת וּרְאִיתֶ֖ן עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַהֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔וֹ וְאִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָחָֽיָה׃", "text": "And *way-yōʾmer* in your *yalledḵen* *ʾet* the *ʿiḇrîyôt* and *rəʾîten* upon the *ʾoḇnāyim* if *bēn* he is then *wăhămitten* *ʾōtô* and if *bat* she is then *wāḥāyâ*", "grammar": { "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he said'", "בְּיַלֶּדְכֶן֙": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + 2nd feminine plural suffix - 'when you help give birth'", "אֶת־הָֽעִבְרִיּ֔וֹת": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective, feminine plural - 'the Hebrew women'", "וּרְאִיתֶ֖ן": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'and you shall see'", "עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine dual - 'upon the birthstool'", "אִם־בֵּ֥ן": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - 'if a son'", "הוּא֙": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - 'he/it'", "וַהֲמִתֶּ֣ן": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Hiphil perfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'then you shall kill'", "אֹת֔וֹ": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "וְאִם־בַּ֥ת": "conjunction *wə-* + conjunction + noun, feminine singular - 'and if a daughter'", "הִ֖יא": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - 'she/it'", "וָחָֽיָה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'then she shall live'" }, "variants": { "*yalledḵen*": "your helping to give birth, your midwifery", "*ʿiḇrîyôt*": "Hebrew women", "*rəʾîten*": "you shall see, look, observe", "*ʾoḇnāyim*": "birthstool, birthing stones, delivery stool", "*bēn*": "son, male child", "*wăhămitten*": "then you shall kill, put to death", "*bat*": "daughter, female child", "*wāḥāyâ*": "then she shall live, be allowed to live" } }
  • Exod 1:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Exodus.1.22", "source": "וַיְצַ֣ו פַּרְעֹ֔ה לְכָל־עַמּ֖וֹ לֵאמֹ֑ר כָּל־הַבֵּ֣ן הַיִּלּ֗וֹד הַיְאֹ֙רָה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔הוּ וְכָל־הַבַּ֖ת תְּחַיּֽוּן׃", "text": "And *way-ṣaw* *parʿōh* to all *ʿammô* *lēʾmōr* all the *bēn* the *yillôd* into the *yəʾōrâ* *tašlîḵuhû* and all the *bat* *təḥayyûn*", "grammar": { "וַיְצַ֣ו": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he commanded'", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - 'Pharaoh'", "לְכָל־עַמּ֖וֹ": "preposition + construct + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to all his people'", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Qal - 'saying'", "כָּל־הַבֵּ֣ן": "construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'every son'", "הַיִּלּ֗וֹד": "definite article + passive participle, masculine singular, Niphal - 'who is born'", "הַיְאֹ֙רָה֙": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional *hē* - 'into the Nile'", "תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔הוּ": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'you shall cast him'", "וְכָל־הַבַּ֖ת": "conjunction *wə-* + construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'and every daughter'", "תְּחַיּֽוּן": "verb, Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you shall let live'" }, "variants": { "*way-ṣaw*": "he commanded, ordered, charged", "*ʿammô*": "his people, his nation", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying", "*bēn*": "son, male child", "*yillôd*": "born, being born", "*yəʾōrâ*": "into the Nile river", "*tašlîḵuhû*": "you shall cast/throw him", "*bat*": "daughter, female child", "*təḥayyûn*": "you shall let live, preserve alive" } }
  • Exod 2:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Exodus.2.23", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הֽ͏ָרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם וַיָּ֙מָת֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִן־הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ וַתַּ֧עַל שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הָעֲבֹדָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî bayyāmîm hārabbîm hāhēm wa-yyāmāt meleḵ miṣrayim wa-yyēʾānəḥû bənê-yiśrāʾēl min-hāʿăbōdâ wa-yyizʿāqû wa-ttaʿal šawʿātām ʾel-hāʾĕlōhîm min-hāʿăbōdâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*bayyāmîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the days", "*hārabbîm*": "definite article + masculine plural adjective - the many", "*hāhēm*": "definite article + masculine plural demonstrative pronoun - those", "*wa-yyāmāt*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and died", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wa-yyēʾānəḥû*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and groaned", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - children of Israel", "*min-hāʿăbōdâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - from the bondage/labor", "*wa-yyizʿāqû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and cried out", "*wa-ttaʿal*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and went up", "*šawʿātām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cry", "*ʾel-hāʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - to God", "*min-hāʿăbōdâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - from the bondage/labor" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "it came to pass/it happened", "*yāmîm*": "days/time", "*rabbîm*": "many/great/long", "*yāmāt*": "died", "*meleḵ*": "king", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt", "*yēʾānəḥû*": "groaned/sighed", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel/Israelites", "*ʿăbōdâ*": "bondage/labor/servitude", "*yizʿāqû*": "cried out/shouted", "*taʿal*": "went up/ascended", "*šawʿâ*": "cry/outcry", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings" } }
  • Exod 5:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.5.21", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם יֵ֧רֶא יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם וְיִשְׁפֹּ֑ט אֲשֶׁ֧ר הִבְאַשְׁתֶּ֣ם אֶת־רֵיחֵ֗נוּ בְּעֵינֵ֤י פַרְעֹה֙ וּבְעֵינֵ֣י עֲבָדָ֔יו לָֽתֶת־חֶ֥רֶב בְּיָדָ֖ם לְהָרְגֵֽנוּ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmĕrû* (they said) to them, *yēreʾ* (may see) *YHWH* (the LORD) upon you and *wĕyišpōṭ* (judge), *ʾăšer* (who) *hibʾaštem* (you have made odious) *ʾet*-*rêḥēnû* (our scent) in *bĕʿênê* (eyes of) *parʿōh* (Pharaoh) and in *bĕʿênê* (eyes of) *ʿăbādāyw* (his servants), to *lātet* (put) *ḥereb* (sword) in their *bĕyādām* (hand) to *lĕhārgēnû* (kill us).", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "qal imperfect waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they said", "*yēreʾ*": "qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - may he see/look", "*YHWH*": "proper divine name - the LORD", "*ʿălêkem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*wĕyišpōṭ*": "qal imperfect jussive with waw conjunction, 3rd person masculine singular - and may he judge", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*hibʾaštem*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have made stink/made odious", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rêḥēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - our scent/odor", "*bĕʿênê*": "preposition + dual construct noun - in the eyes of", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*lātet*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to give/put", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*bĕyādām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their hand", "*lĕhārgēnû*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition and 1st person plural suffix - to kill us" }, "variants": { "*yēreʾ YHWH ʿălêkem wĕyišpōṭ*": "may YHWH see/look upon you and judge/may YHWH take notice of you and render judgment", "*hibʾaštem*": "made stink/made odious/caused to be abhorred", "*rêḥēnû*": "our scent/our reputation/our standing", "*bĕʿênê*": "in the eyes of/in the sight of/in the opinion of", "*lātet-ḥereb bĕyādām*": "to put a sword in their hand/to give them a weapon" } }
  • Exod 12:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Exodus.12.37", "source": "וַיִּסְע֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מֵרַעְמְסֵ֖ס סֻכֹּ֑תָה כְּשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֨וֹת אֶ֧לֶף רַגְלִ֛י הַגְּבָרִ֖ים לְבַ֥ד מִטָּֽף׃", "text": "And-*wayyisʿû* *ḇənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* from-*mēraʿməsēs* *sukkōṯāh* about-*kəšēš*-*mēʾôṯ* *ʾeleḕ* *raḡlî* *haggəḇārîm* *ləḇaḏ* from-*miṭṭāḕ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyisʿû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they journeyed/set out", "*ḇənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*mēraʿməsēs*": "preposition + proper noun - from Rameses", "*sukkōṯāh*": "proper noun + directional he - to Succoth", "*kəšēš*": "preposition + numeral - about six", "*mēʾôṯ*": "numeral feminine plural - hundred", "*ʾeleḕ*": "noun masculine singular - thousand", "*raḡlî*": "noun masculine singular - on foot/footmen", "*haggəḇārîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the men", "*ləḇaḏ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - apart from/besides", "*miṭṭāḕ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - from children" }, "variants": { "*wayyisʿû*": "journeyed/traveled/set out", "*mēraʿməsēs*": "from Rameses (Egyptian city)", "*sukkōṯāh*": "to Succoth (place name meaning 'booths')", "*raḡlî*": "on foot/footmen/infantry", "*haggəḇārîm*": "the men/the males/the warriors", "*ləḇaḏ*": "apart from/besides/exclusive of", "*miṭṭāḕ*": "from children/from little ones/from dependents" } }
  • Exod 14:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.8", "source": "וַיְחַזֵּ֣ק יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶת־לֵ֤ב פַּרְעֹה֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיִּרְדֹּ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יֹצְאִ֖ים בְּיָ֥ד רָמָֽה", "text": "*wa-yəḥazzēq* *YHWH* *ʾeṯ*-*lēḇ* *Parʿōh* *meleḵ* *Miṣrayim* *wa-yirdōph* *ʾaḥărê* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *û-ḇnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *yōṣəʾîm* *bə-yād* *rāmāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəḥazzēq*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he strengthened/hardened", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wa-yirdōph*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he pursued", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*û-ḇnê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yōṣəʾîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - going out", "*bə-yād*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - with hand", "*rāmāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - high/upraised" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəḥazzēq*": "and he hardened/and he strengthened", "*wa-yirdōph*": "and he pursued/and he chased", "*yōṣəʾîm*": "going out/departing/leaving", "*bə-yād rāmāh*": "with a high hand/with an upraised hand/boldly/defiantly" } } 9 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.9", "source": "וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ מִצְרַ֜יִם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשִׂ֤יגוּ אוֹתָם֙ חֹנִ֣ים עַל־הַיָּ֔ם כָּל־סוּס֙ רֶ֣כֶב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו וְחֵיל֑וֹ עַל־פִּי֙ הַֽחִירֹ֔ת לִפְנֵ֖י בַּ֥עַל צְפֹֽן", "text": "*wa-yirdəphû* *Miṣrayim* *ʾaḥărêhem* *wa-yaśśîḡû* *ʾôṯām* *ḥōnîm* *ʿal*-*ha-yām* *kol*-*sûs* *reḵeḇ* *Parʿōh* *û-phārāšâw* *wə-ḥêlô* *ʿal*-*pî* *ha-Ḥîrōṯ* *liphnê* *Baʿal* *Ṣəphōn*", "grammar": { "*wa-yirdəphû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them", "*wa-yaśśîḡû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they overtook", "*ʾôṯām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*ḥōnîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - camping/encamped", "*ʿal*": "preposition - by", "*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all", "*sûs*": "noun, masculine singular construct - horses of", "*reḵeḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chariots of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*û-phārāšâw*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his horsemen", "*wə-ḥêlô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his army", "*ʿal*": "preposition - by", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*ha-Ḥîrōṯ*": "article + proper noun - Pi-hahiroth", "*liphnê*": "preposition + noun, construct - before", "*Baʿal*": "proper noun - Baal", "*Ṣəphōn*": "proper noun - Zephon" }, "variants": { "*wa-yirdəphû*": "and they pursued/and they chased", "*wa-yaśśîḡû*": "and they overtook/and they caught up with", "*ḥōnîm*": "camping/encamped/dwelling", "*pî ha-Ḥîrōṯ*": "Pi-hahiroth/mouth of Hiroth", "*Baʿal Ṣəphōn*": "Baal Zephon (deity or place name)" } } 10 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.10", "source": "וּפַרְעֹ֖ה הִקְרִ֑יב וַיִּשְׂאוּ֩ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל אֶת־עֵינֵיהֶ֜ם וְהִנֵּ֥ה מִצְרַ֣יִם ׀ נֹסֵ֣עַ אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם וַיִּֽירְאוּ֙ מְאֹ֔ד וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָֽה", "text": "*û-Pharʿōh* *hiqrîḇ* *wa-yiśśəʾû* *ḇnê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾeṯ*-*ʿênêhem* *wə-hinnēh* *Miṣrayim* *nōsēaʿ* *ʾaḥărêhem* *wa-yyîrəʾû* *məʾōd* *wa-yyiṣʿăqû* *ḇnê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾel*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*û-Pharʿōh*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Pharaoh", "*hiqrîḇ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - drew near", "*wa-yiśśəʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they lifted up", "*ḇnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their eyes", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + interjection - and behold", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians", "*nōsēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - journeying/traveling", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them", "*wa-yyîrəʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were afraid", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very much", "*wa-yyiṣʿăqû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they cried out", "*ḇnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*hiqrîḇ*": "drew near/approached", "*wa-yiśśəʾû*": "and they lifted up/and they raised", "*nōsēaʿ*": "journeying/marching/advancing (singular form with collective meaning)", "*wa-yyîrəʾû*": "and they were afraid/and they feared", "*wa-yyiṣʿăqû*": "and they cried out/and they called out" } } 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.11", "source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ֮ אֶל־מֹשֶׁה֒ הַֽמִבְּלִ֤י אֵין־קְבָרִים֙ בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם לְקַחְתָּ֖נוּ לָמ֣וּת בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר מַה־זֹּאת֙ עָשִׂ֣יתָ לָּ֔נוּ לְהוֹצִיאָ֖נוּ מִמִּצְרָֽיִם", "text": "*wa-yyōmrû* *ʾel*-*Mōšeh* *ha-mibblî* *ʾên*-*qəḇārîm* *bə-Miṣrayim* *ləqaḥtānû* *lāmûṯ* *ba-midbar* *mah*-*zōṯ* *ʿāśîṯā* *lānû* *lə-hôṣîʾānû* *mi-Miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyōmrû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ha-mibblî*": "interrogative + preposition - is it because of no", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there are no", "*qəḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - graves", "*bə-Miṣrayim*": "preposition + proper noun - in Egypt", "*ləqaḥtānû*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - you have taken us", "*lāmûṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to die", "*ba-midbar*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*zōṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have done", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1st common plural suffix - to us", "*lə-hôṣîʾānû*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 1st common plural suffix - to bring us out", "*mi-Miṣrāyim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ha-mibblî ʾên-qəḇārîm*": "is it because there were no graves?/were there no graves?", "*ləqaḥtānû*": "you have taken us/you have brought us", "*lāmûṯ*": "to die/to perish", "*ba-midbar*": "in the wilderness/in the desert", "*mah-zōṯ ʿāśîṯā lānû*": "what is this you have done to us?", "*lə-hôṣîʾānû*": "to bring us out/to lead us out" } } 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.14.12", "source": "הֲלֹא־זֶ֣ה הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁר֩ דִּבַּ֨רְנוּ אֵלֶ֤יךָ בְמִצְרַ֙יִם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר חֲדַ֥ל מִמֶּ֖נּוּ וְנַֽעַבְדָ֣ה אֶת־מִצְרָ֑יִם כִּ֣י ט֥וֹב לָ֙נוּ֙ עֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־מִצְרַ֔יִם מִמֻּתֵ֖נוּ בַּמִּדְבָּֽר", "text": "*hă-lōʾ*-*zeh* *ha-dāḇār* *ʾăšer* *dibbarnû* *ʾêleḵā* *ḇə-Miṣrayim* *lēʾmōr* *ḥădal* *mimmennû* *wə-naʿaḇdāh* *ʾeṯ*-*Miṣrayim* *kî* *ṭôḇ* *lānû* *ʿăḇōd* *ʾeṯ*-*Miṣrayim* *mi-muṯēnû* *ba-midbār*", "grammar": { "*hă-lōʾ*": "interrogative + negative particle - is not", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ha-dāḇār*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the word/thing", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*dibbarnû*": "Piel perfect, 1st common plural - we spoke", "*ʾêleḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ḇə-Miṣrayim*": "preposition + proper noun - in Egypt", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ḥădal*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - cease/leave", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 1st common plural suffix - from us", "*wə-naʿaḇdāh*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect cohortative, 1st common plural - and let us serve", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1st common plural suffix - for us", "*ʿăḇōd*": "Qal infinitive construct - to serve", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians", "*mi-muṯēnû*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 1st common plural suffix - than our dying", "*ba-midbār*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*hă-lōʾ-zeh ha-dāḇār*": "is this not the word/is this not the thing", "*dibbarnû*": "we spoke/we told", "*ḥădal mimmennû*": "leave us alone/cease from us", "*wə-naʿaḇdāh*": "and let us serve/and we will serve", "*ṭôḇ lānû*": "better for us/good for us", "*ʿăḇōd ʾeṯ-Miṣrayim*": "to serve Egypt/to serve the Egyptians", "*mi-muṯēnû*": "than our dying/than for us to die" } }
  • Exod 15:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.9", "source": "אָמַ֥ר אוֹיֵ֛ב אֶרְדֹּ֥ף אַשִּׂ֖יג אֲחַלֵּ֣ק שָׁלָ֑ל תִּמְלָאֵ֣מוֹ נַפְשִׁ֔י אָרִ֣יק חַרְבִּ֔י תּוֹרִישֵׁ֖מוֹ יָדִֽי׃", "text": "*ʾāmar* *ʾôyēḇ* *ʾerdōp̄* *ʾaśśîḡ* *ʾăḥallēq* *šālāl* *timləʾēmô* *nap̄šî* *ʾārîq* *ḥarbî* *tôrîšēmô* *yāḏî*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy", "*ʾerdōp̄*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will pursue", "*ʾaśśîḡ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I will overtake", "*ʾăḥallēq*": "piel imperfect 1st singular - I will divide", "*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder", "*timləʾēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will be full of them", "*nap̄šî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my soul/desire", "*ʾārîq*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I will draw out", "*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my sword", "*tôrîšēmô*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will dispossess them", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my hand" }, "variants": { "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*nap̄šî*": "my soul/my desire/my appetite", "*tôrîšēmô*": "will dispossess them/will destroy them/will drive them out" } } 10 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.10", "source": "נָשַׁ֥פְתָּ בְרוּחֲךָ֖ כִּסָּ֣מוֹ יָ֑ם צָֽלֲלוּ֙ כַּֽעוֹפֶ֔רֶת בְּמַ֖יִם אַדִּירִֽים׃", "text": "*nāšap̄tā* *ḇərūḥăḵā* *kissāmô* *yām* *ṣāˀlălū* *kaˁôp̄eret* *bəmayim* *ʾaddîrîm*", "grammar": { "*nāšap̄tā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you blew", "*ḇərūḥăḵā*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with your wind", "*kissāmô*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it covered them", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*ṣāˀlălū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they sank", "*kaˁôp̄eret*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like lead", "*bəmayim*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - in waters", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty" }, "variants": { "*nāšap̄tā*": "you blew/you breathed", "*rūḥăḵā*": "your wind/your breath/your spirit", "*ṣāˀlălū*": "they sank/they plunged/they went down" } }
  • Exod 17:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.8", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֖א עֲמָלֵ֑ק וַיִּלָּ֥חֶם עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בִּרְפִידִֽם׃", "text": "And *wa-yābōʾ* *ʿămālēq* and-*wa-yillāḥem* with-*yiśrāʾēl* in-*rəpîdîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he/it came", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*wa-yillāḥem*": "waw-consecutive + niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he fought", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*rəpîdîm*": "proper noun - Rephidim" }, "variants": { "*wa-yābōʾ*": "came/arrived/entered", "*wa-yillāḥem*": "fought/battled/waged war" } } 9 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֤ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ בְּחַר־לָ֣נוּ אֲנָשִׁ֔ים וְצֵ֖א הִלָּחֵ֣ם בַּעֲמָלֵ֑ק מָחָ֗ר אָנֹכִ֤י נִצָּב֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ הַגִּבְעָ֔ה וּמַטֵּ֥ה הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּיָדִֽי׃", "text": "And *wa-yōʾmer* *mōsheh* unto-*yəhôshûaʿ* *bəḥar*-for-us *ʾănāshîm* and-*wətsēʾ* *hillāḥēm* against-*ʿămālēq* *māḥār* *ʾānōkî* *nitstsāb* on-*rōʾsh* the-*gibʿāh* and-*maṭṭēh* the-*ʾělōhîm* in-*yādî*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*yəhôshûaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*bəḥar*": "qal imperative masculine singular - choose", "*ʾănāshîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*wətsēʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperative masculine singular - and go out", "*hillāḥēm*": "niphal imperative masculine singular - fight", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular personal pronoun - I", "*nitstsāb*": "niphal participle masculine singular - standing/positioned", "*rōʾsh*": "masculine singular construct - head/top of", "*gibʿāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the hill", "*maṭṭēh*": "masculine singular construct - staff of", "*ʾělōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God/gods", "*yādî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my hand" }, "variants": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*bəḥar*": "choose/select/pick", "*ʾănāshîm*": "men/males/people", "*wətsēʾ*": "go out/come out/depart", "*hillāḥēm*": "fight/do battle/wage war", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/in the future", "*nitstsāb*": "standing/positioned/stationed", "*rōʾsh*": "head/top/summit", "*gibʿāh*": "hill/height", "*maṭṭēh*": "staff/rod/stick", "*ʾělōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being" } } 10 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.10", "source": "וַיַּ֣עַשׂ יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר אָֽמַר־לוֹ֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם בַּעֲמָלֵ֑ק וּמֹשֶׁה֙ אַהֲרֹ֣ן וְח֔וּר עָל֖וּ רֹ֥אשׁ הַגִּבְעָֽה׃", "text": "And *wa-yaʿaś* *yəhôshûaʿ* as *ʾāmar*-to-him *mōsheh* to-*ləhillāḥēm* against-*ʿămālēq* and-*mōsheh* *ʾahărōn* and-*ḥûr* *ʿālû* *rōʾsh* the-*gibʿāh*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yaʿaś*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he did", "*yəhôshûaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ləhillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*ḥûr*": "proper noun - Hur", "*ʿālû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they went up", "*rōʾsh*": "masculine singular construct - head/top of", "*gibʿāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the hill" }, "variants": { "*wa-yaʿaś*": "did/made/performed", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*ləhillāḥēm*": "to fight/to do battle/to wage war", "*ʿālû*": "went up/ascended/climbed", "*rōʾsh*": "head/top/summit", "*gibʿāh*": "hill/height" } } 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.11", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֥ים מֹשֶׁ֛ה יָד֖וֹ וְגָבַ֣ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥ר יָנִ֛יחַ יָד֖וֹ וְגָבַ֥ר עֲמָלֵֽק׃", "text": "And *wəhāyāh* when *yārîm* *mōsheh* *yādô* and-*wəgābar* *yiśrāʾēl* and-when *yānîaḥ* *yādô* and-*wəgābar* *ʿămālēq*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāyāh*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*yārîm*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he raised/lifted up", "*mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*wəgābar*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he/it prevailed", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yānîaḥ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he let down/lowered", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek" }, "variants": { "*wəhāyāh*": "it happened/came to pass/became", "*yārîm*": "raised/lifted up/elevated", "*wəgābar*": "prevailed/was stronger/overcame", "*yānîaḥ*": "let down/lowered/rested" } } 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.12", "source": "וִידֵ֤י מֹשֶׁה֙ כְּבֵדִ֔ים וַיִּקְחוּ־אֶ֛בֶן וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ תַחְתָּ֖יו וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב עָלֶ֑יהָ וְאַהֲרֹ֨ן וְח֜וּר תָּֽמְכ֣וּ בְיָדָ֗יו מִזֶּ֤ה אֶחָד֙ וּמִזֶּ֣ה אֶחָ֔ד וַיְהִ֥י יָדָ֛יו אֱמוּנָ֖ה עַד־בֹּ֥א הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃", "text": "And-*wîdê* *mōsheh* *kəbēdîm* and-*wa-yiqḥû*-*ʾeben* and-*wa-yāśîmû* *taḥtāyw* and-*wa-yēsheb* upon-it and-*ʾahărōn* and-*ḥûr* *tāməkû* in-*yādāyw* from-this *ʾeḥād* and-from-this *ʾeḥād* and-*wa-yəhî* *yādāyw* *ʾĕmûnāh* until-*bōʾ* the-*shāmesh*.", "grammar": { "*wîdê*": "waw-conjunctive + dual construct - and hands of", "*mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*kəbēdîm*": "masculine plural adjective - heavy", "*wa-yiqḥû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they took", "*ʾeben*": "feminine singular noun - stone", "*wa-yāśîmû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they put", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - under him", "*wa-yēsheb*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he sat", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*ḥûr*": "proper noun - Hur", "*tāməkû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they supported", "*yādāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*ʾeḥād*": "masculine singular number - one", "*wa-yəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and they were", "*yādāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "feminine singular noun - firmness/steadiness", "*bōʾ*": "qal infinitive construct - coming/going in", "*shāmesh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sun" }, "variants": { "*wîdê*": "hands/arms", "*kəbēdîm*": "heavy/weighty/difficult", "*wa-yiqḥû*": "took/selected/received", "*ʾeben*": "stone/rock", "*wa-yāśîmû*": "put/placed/set", "*taḥtāyw*": "under him/beneath him", "*wa-yēsheb*": "sat/seated himself/dwelled", "*tāməkû*": "supported/held up/sustained", "*ʾeḥād*": "one/single/each", "*wa-yəhî*": "were/became/happened", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "firmness/steadiness/faithfulness", "*bōʾ*": "coming in/setting/entering", "*shāmesh*": "sun/sunshine" } } 13 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.13", "source": "וַיַּחֲלֹ֧שׁ יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֥ק וְאֶת־עַמּ֖וֹ לְפִי־חָֽרֶב׃", "text": "And *wa-yaḥălōsh* *yəhôshûaʿ* *ʾet*-*ʿămālēq* and-*ʾet*-*ʿammô* by-*pî*-*ḥāreb*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yaḥălōsh*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he weakened/defeated", "*yəhôshûaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿammô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*pî*": "masculine singular construct - mouth/edge of", "*ḥāreb*": "feminine singular noun - sword" }, "variants": { "*wa-yaḥălōsh*": "weakened/defeated/disabled", "*ʿammô*": "his people/nation/tribe", "*pî*": "mouth/edge", "*ḥāreb*": "sword/weapon" } }
  • Exod 33:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.33.14", "source": "וַיֹּאמַ֑ר פָּנַ֥י יֵלֵ֖כוּ וַהֲנִחֹ֥תִי לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmar*, *pānay yēlēkû* and-*hănīḥōtî* to-you.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmar*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st singular suffix - my face/presence", "*yēlēkû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will go", "*hănīḥōtî*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will give rest" }, "variants": { "*pānay*": "my presence/my face/myself", "*yēlēkû*": "will go/shall go/shall proceed", "*hănīḥōtî*": "I will give rest/I will cause rest/I will provide rest" } }
  • Num 14:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה סָלַ֖חְתִּי כִּדְבָרֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer YHWH sālaḥtî kidbārekā*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal form of *ʾmr* - and he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*sālaḥtî*": "perfect, 1st singular, Qal form of *slḥ* - I have forgiven", "*kidbārekā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - according to your word" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/answered", "*sālaḥtî*": "I have forgiven/pardoned", "*kidbārekā*": "according to your word/as you have spoken/according to your request" } }
  • Deut 1:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.30", "source": "יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֙ הַהֹלֵ֣ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם ה֖וּא יִלָּחֵ֣ם לָכֶ֑ם כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֧ה אִתְּכֶ֛ם בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם לְעֵינֵיכֶֽם", "text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* the-*hōlēk* to-*pənêkem*, he *yillāḥēm* for-you; like-all which *'āśāh* with-you in-*Miṣrayim* to-*'ênêkem*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your God'", "*hōlēk*": "masculine singular participle, qal form of *hlk* with definite article - 'the one who walks'", "*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'before you'", "*yillāḥēm*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect, niphal form of *lḥm* - 'fight'", "*'āśāh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *'śh* - 'do/make'", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'", "*'ênêkem*": "dual noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your eyes'" }, "variants": { "*hōlēk*": "who walks/goes/travels", "*pənêkem*": "before you/in front of you", "*yillāḥēm*": "will fight/do battle", "*'āśāh*": "did/performed/accomplished", "*'ênêkem*": "your eyes/in your sight" } }
  • Ps 105:37-43 : 37 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.37", "source": "וַֽ֭יּוֹצִיאֵם בְּכֶ֣סֶף וְזָהָ֑ב וְאֵ֖ין בִּשְׁבָטָ֣יו כּוֹשֵֽׁל׃", "text": "*wa-yyōṣīʾēm* in-*kesep* *wə-zāhāb* *wə-ʾēyn* in-*šəbāṭāyw* *kōšēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyōṣīʾēm*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms with 3mp suffix - and he brought them out", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*wə-zāhāb*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and gold", "*wə-ʾēyn*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and no", "*šəbāṭāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his tribes", "*kōšēl*": "qal participle, masculine singular - stumbling" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyōṣīʾēm*": "and he brought them out/led them forth", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*zāhāb*": "gold/golden objects", "*šəbāṭāyw*": "his tribes/clans", "*kōšēl*": "stumbling/faltering/weak" } } 38 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.38", "source": "שָׂמַ֣ח מִצְרַ֣יִם בְּצֵאתָ֑ם כִּֽי־נָפַ֖ל פַּחְדָּ֣ם עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*śāmaḥ* *Miṣrayim* in-*ṣēʾtām* for-*nāpal* *paḥdām* upon-them", "grammar": { "*śāmaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he rejoiced", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*ṣēʾtām*": "qal infinitive construct with 3mp suffix - their going out", "*nāpal*": "qal perfect, 3ms - it fell", "*paḥdām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3mp suffix - dread of them", "*ʿălēyhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - upon them" }, "variants": { "*śāmaḥ*": "rejoiced/was glad", "*ṣēʾtām*": "their going out/departure/exodus", "*nāpal*": "fell/descended/came down", "*paḥdām*": "dread of them/fear of them/terror of them" } } 39 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.39", "source": "פָּרַ֣שׂ עָנָ֣ן לְמָסָ֑ךְ וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ לְהָאִ֥יר לָֽיְלָה׃", "text": "*pāraś* *ʿānān* for-*māsāk* *wə-ʾēš* to-*hāʾīr* *lāylāh*", "grammar": { "*pāraś*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he spread", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*māsāk*": "noun, masculine singular - covering", "*wə-ʾēš*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and fire", "*hāʾīr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give light", "*lāylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night" }, "variants": { "*pāraś*": "spread/stretched out/extended", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/cloud mass", "*māsāk*": "covering/screen/curtain", "*hāʾīr*": "to give light/illuminate/shine", "*lāylāh*": "night/nighttime" } } 40 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.40", "source": "שָׁאַ֣ל וַיָּבֵ֣א שְׂלָ֑ו וְלֶ֥חֶם שָׁ֝מַ֗יִם יַשְׂבִּיעֵֽם׃", "text": "*šāʾal* *wa-yyābēʾ* *śəlāw* *wə-leḥem* *šāmayim* *yaśbīʿēm*", "grammar": { "*šāʾal*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he asked", "*wa-yyābēʾ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he brought", "*śəlāw*": "noun, masculine singular - quail", "*wə-leḥem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and bread of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine dual - heaven", "*yaśbīʿēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3ms with 3mp suffix - he satisfied them" }, "variants": { "*šāʾal*": "asked/requested/inquired", "*wa-yyābēʾ*": "and he brought/caused to come", "*śəlāw*": "quail/game bird", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*šāmayim*": "heaven/sky", "*yaśbīʿēm*": "satisfied them/filled them/satiated them" } } 41 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.41", "source": "פָּ֣תַח צ֭וּר וַיָּז֣וּבוּ מָ֑יִם הָ֝לְכ֗וּ בַּצִּיּ֥וֹת נָהָֽר׃", "text": "*pātaḥ* *ṣūr* *wa-yyāzūbū* *māyim* *hālkū* in-the-*ṣiyyōt* *nāhār*", "grammar": { "*pātaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he opened", "*ṣūr*": "noun, masculine singular - rock", "*wa-yyāzūbū*": "conjunction + qal imperfect (consecutive), 3mp - and they flowed", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*hālkū*": "qal perfect, 3cp - they went", "*ṣiyyōt*": "noun, feminine plural - dry places", "*nāhār*": "noun, masculine singular - river" }, "variants": { "*pātaḥ*": "opened/unlocked/released", "*ṣūr*": "rock/cliff/crag", "*wa-yyāzūbū*": "and they flowed/gushed/streamed", "*māyim*": "waters/liquid", "*hālkū*": "went/flowed/ran", "*ṣiyyōt*": "dry places/deserts/parched regions", "*nāhār*": "river/stream/flow" } } 42 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.42", "source": "כִּֽי־זָ֭כַר אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר קָדְשׁ֑וֹ אֶֽת־אַבְרָהָ֥ם עַבְדּֽוֹ׃", "text": "For-*zākar* *ʾet*-*dəbar* *qodšō* *ʾet*-*ʾAbrāhām* *ʿabdō*", "grammar": { "*zākar*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he remembered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*qodšō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his holiness", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper name - Abraham", "*ʿabdō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his servant" }, "variants": { "*zākar*": "remembered/recalled/was mindful of", "*dəbar*": "word/promise/matter", "*qodšō*": "his holiness/his sacred promise", "*ʿabdō*": "his servant/slave" } } 43 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.43", "source": "וַיּוֹצִ֣א עַמּ֣וֹ בְשָׂשׂ֑וֹן בְּ֝רִנָּ֗ה אֶת־בְּחִירָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yyōṣiʾ* *ʿammō* in-*śāśōn* in-*rinnāh* *ʾet*-*bəḥīrāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyōṣiʾ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he brought out", "*ʿammō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his people", "*śāśōn*": "noun, masculine singular - gladness", "*rinnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - joy/singing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bəḥīrāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his chosen ones" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyōṣiʾ*": "and he brought out/led forth", "*ʿammō*": "his people/nation", "*śāśōn*": "gladness/joy/delight", "*rinnāh*": "joy/singing/jubilant shouting", "*bəḥīrāyw*": "his chosen ones/his elect" } }
  • Ps 136:16-24 : 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.16", "source": "לְמוֹלִ֣יךְ עַ֭מּוֹ בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "to-*môlîk* *ʿammô* in-the-*midbār* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*môlîk*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for the one leading", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and prefixed preposition bet - in the wilderness/desert", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*môlîk*": "leading/guiding/causing to walk", "*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.17", "source": "לְ֭מַכֵּה מְלָכִ֣ים גְּדֹלִ֑ים כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "to-*makkēh* *mələkîm* *gədōlîm* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*makkēh*": "participle, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for the one striking", "*mələkîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*gədōlîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - great/large", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*makkēh*": "striking/smiting/defeating", "*mələkîm*": "kings/rulers", "*gədōlîm*": "great/large/mighty", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.18", "source": "וֽ͏ַ֭יַּהֲרֹג מְלָכִ֣ים אַדִּירִ֑ים כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*wayyahărōg* *mələkîm* *ʾaddîrîm* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*wayyahărōg*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he killed", "*mələkîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - majestic/mighty", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*wayyahărōg*": "and he killed/slew/destroyed", "*mələkîm*": "kings/rulers", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "majestic/mighty/magnificent/glorious", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 19 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.19", "source": "לְ֭סִיחוֹן מֶ֣לֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִ֑י כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "to-*sîḥôn* *melek* the-*ʾĕmōrî* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*sîḥôn*": "proper noun with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for Sihon", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Amorite", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*sîḥôn*": "Sihon (proper name)", "*melek*": "king/ruler", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite/Amorites", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.20", "source": "וּ֭לְעוֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֑ן כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*û*-to-*ʿôg* *melek* the-*bāšān* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿôg*": "proper noun with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for Og", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bāšān*": "proper noun with definite article - the Bashan", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*ʿôg*": "Og (proper name)", "*melek*": "king/ruler", "*bāšān*": "Bashan (region name)", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 21 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.21", "source": "וְנָתַ֣ן אַרְצָ֣ם לְנַחֲלָ֑ה כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*wənātan* *ʾarṣām* to-*naḥălāh* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*wənātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw conjunction - and he gave", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their land", "*naḥălāh*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - for inheritance/possession", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*wənātan*": "and he gave/granted/bestowed", "*ʾarṣām*": "their land/their territory", "*naḥălāh*": "inheritance/heritage/possession", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 22 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.22", "source": "נַ֭חֲלָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל עַבְדּ֑וֹ כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*naḥălāh* to-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʿabdô* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*naḥălāh*": "noun, feminine singular - inheritance/possession", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for Israel", "*ʿabdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servant", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*naḥălāh*": "inheritance/heritage/possession", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel (proper name)", "*ʿabdô*": "his servant/his slave", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.23", "source": "שֶׁ֭בְּשִׁפְלֵנוּ זָ֣כַר לָ֑נוּ כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "that-in-*šiplēnû* *zākar* to-us because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "שֶׁ֭בְּשִׁפְלֵנוּ": "relative particle + preposition bet + noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - that in our low estate", "*zākar*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he remembered", "לָ֑נוּ": "preposition lamed with 1st person plural suffix - to/for us", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*šiplēnû*": "our low estate/our humiliation/our lowliness", "*zākar*": "remembered/thought of/was mindful of", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 24 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.24", "source": "וַיִּפְרְקֵ֥נוּ מִצָּרֵ֑ינוּ כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*wayyiprəqēnû* from-*ṣārênû* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*wayyiprəqēnû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive and 1st person plural suffix - and he rescued us", "*ṣārênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix and prefixed preposition min - from our adversaries", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*wayyiprəqēnû*": "and he rescued us/delivered us/tore us away", "*ṣārênû*": "our adversaries/our enemies/our foes", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } }
  • Isa 63:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.7", "source": "חַֽסְדֵ֨י יְהוָ֤ה ׀ אַזְכִּיר֙ תְּהִלֹּ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה כְּעַ֕ל כֹּ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־גְּמָלָ֖נוּ יְהוָ֑ה וְרַב־טוּב֙ לְבֵ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־גְּמָלָ֥ם כְּֽרַחֲמָ֖יו וּכְרֹ֥ב חֲסָדָֽיו׃", "text": "*ḥasdê* *YHWH* I will *ʾazkîr*, *tĕhillōt* *YHWH*, according to all which *gĕmālānû* *YHWH*, and *rab-ṭûb* to *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl*, which *gĕmālām* according to his *raḥămāyw* and according to *rōb* his *ḥăsādāyw*.", "grammar": { "*ḥasdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lovingkindnesses of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾazkîr*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will mention/remember/proclaim", "*tĕhillōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - praises of", "*kĕʿal*": "preposition kaf + preposition al - according to", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʾăšer-gĕmālānû*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - which he has bestowed on us", "*wĕrab-ṭûb*": "conjunction waw + adjective, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - and abundance of goodness", "*lĕbêt*": "preposition lamed + noun, masculine singular construct - to the house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾăšer-gĕmālām*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - which he has bestowed on them", "*kĕraḥămāyw*": "preposition kaf + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - according to his compassions", "*ûḵĕrōb*": "conjunction waw + preposition kaf + noun, masculine singular construct - and according to abundance of", "*ḥăsādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindnesses" }, "variants": { "*ḥasdê*": "lovingkindnesses/mercies/steadfast love", "*ʾazkîr*": "I will mention/I will remember/I will proclaim/I will recount", "*tĕhillōt*": "praises/acts worthy of praise", "*gĕmālānû*": "he has bestowed on us/he has done for us/he has dealt with us", "*rab-ṭûb*": "abundance of goodness/great goodness/much good", "*gĕmālām*": "he has bestowed on them/he has done for them/he has dealt with them", "*raḥămāyw*": "his compassions/his mercies/his sympathy", "*ḥăsādāyw*": "his lovingkindnesses/his mercies/his steadfast love" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אַךְ־עַמִּ֣י הֵ֔מָּה בָּנִ֖ים לֹ֣א יְשַׁקֵּ֑רוּ וַיְהִ֥י לָהֶ֖ם לְמוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "And he *yōʾmer*, surely *ʿammî* *hēmmāh*, *bānîm* not *yĕšaqqērû*, and he *wayĕhî* for them as *môšîaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾaḵ*": "adverb - surely/only/indeed", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yĕšaqqērû*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will deal falsely", "*wayĕhî*": "conjunction waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he became", "*lāhem*": "preposition lamed with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for them", "*lĕmôšîaʿ*": "preposition lamed + Hiphil participle, masculine singular - as a savior" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "he said/he thought/he commanded", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*yĕšaqqērû*": "they will deal falsely/they will deceive/they will be faithless", "*môšîaʿ*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer" } } 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.9", "source": "בְּֽכָל־צָרָתָ֣ם ׀ *לא **ל֣וֹ צָ֗ר וּמַלְאַ֤ךְ פָּנָיו֙ הֽוֹשִׁיעָ֔ם בְּאַהֲבָת֥וֹ וּבְחֶמְלָת֖וֹ ה֣וּא גְאָלָ֑ם וַֽיְנַטְּלֵ֥ם וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֖ם כָּל־יְמֵ֥י עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "In all their *ṣārātām* [*lōʾ*/*lô*] *ṣār* and *malʾaḵ* of his *pānāyw* *hôšîʿām*, in his *ʾahăbātô* and in his *ḥemlātô* *hûʾ* *gĕʾālām*; and he *wayĕnaṭṭĕlēm* and he *wayĕnaśśĕʾēm* all *yĕmê* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*bĕḵāl*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*ṣārātām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their distresses", "*lōʾ/lô*": "negative particle/preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - not/to him", "*ṣār*": "adjective, masculine singular - distress/adversary", "*ûmalʾaḵ*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine singular construct - and messenger/angel of", "*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*hôšîʿām*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - saved them", "*bĕʾahăbātô*": "preposition bet + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his love", "*ûbĕḥemlātô*": "conjunction waw + preposition bet + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and in his compassion", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*gĕʾālām*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - redeemed them", "*wayĕnaṭṭĕlēm*": "conjunction waw + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he lifted them", "*wayĕnaśśĕʾēm*": "conjunction waw + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he carried them", "*kāl-yĕmê*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural construct - all days of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/forever" }, "variants": { "*ṣārātām*": "their distresses/their troubles/their afflictions", "*lōʾ/lô*": "Text shows both readings: *lōʾ* (written) = 'not' / *lô* (read) = 'to him'", "*ṣār*": "distress/adversary/enemy/narrow", "*malʾaḵ*": "messenger/angel/representative", "*pānāyw*": "his face/his presence/his person", "*hôšîʿām*": "saved them/delivered them/rescued them", "*ʾahăbātô*": "his love/his affection", "*ḥemlātô*": "his compassion/his pity/his mercy", "*gĕʾālām*": "redeemed them/rescued them/acted as kinsman for them", "*yĕnaṭṭĕlēm*": "lifted them/raised them/carried them", "*yĕnaśśĕʾēm*": "carried them/bore them/supported them", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/forever/ancient time" } } 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.10", "source": "וְהֵ֛מָּה מָר֥וּ וְעִצְּב֖וּ אֶת־ר֣וּחַ קָדְשׁ֑וֹ וַיֵּהָפֵ֥ךְ לָהֶ֛ם לְאוֹיֵ֖ב ה֥וּא נִלְחַם־בָּֽם׃", "text": "And *hēmmāh* *mārû* and *ʿiṣṣĕbû* *ʾet-rûaḥ* his *qodeš*; and he *wayyēhāpēḵ* for them to *ʾôyēb*, *hûʾ* *nilḥam* against them.", "grammar": { "*wĕhēmmāh*": "conjunction waw + 3rd person masculine plural pronoun - and they", "*mārû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - rebelled", "*wĕʿiṣṣĕbû*": "conjunction waw + Piel perfect, 3rd person common plural - and grieved", "*ʾet-rûaḥ*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the spirit of", "*qodšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his holiness", "*wayyēhāpēḵ*": "conjunction waw + Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he was turned", "*lāhem*": "preposition lamed with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for them", "*lĕʾôyēb*": "preposition lamed + Qal participle, masculine singular - to an enemy", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*nilḥam-bām*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition bet with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - fought against them" }, "variants": { "*mārû*": "rebelled/were disobedient/were defiant", "*ʿiṣṣĕbû*": "grieved/pained/hurt/made sad", "*rûaḥ qodšô*": "his holy spirit/his spirit of holiness", "*yēhāpēḵ*": "was turned/was changed/was transformed", "*ʾôyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*nilḥam*": "fought/waged war" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.11", "source": "וַיִּזְכֹּ֥ר יְמֵֽי־עוֹלָ֖ם מֹשֶׁ֣ה עַמּ֑וֹ אַיֵּ֣ה ׀ הַֽמַּעֲלֵ֣ם מִיָּ֗ם אֵ֚ת רֹעֵ֣י צֹאנ֔וֹ אַיֵּ֛ה הַשָּׂ֥ם בְּקִרְבּ֖וֹ אֶת־ר֥וּחַ קָדְשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "And he *wayyizkōr* *yĕmê*-*ʿôlām*, *mōšeh* his *ʿammô*. Where is *hammaʿălēm* from *yām* *ʾēt* *rōʿê* his *ṣōʾnô*? Where is *haśśām* within *qirbô* *ʾet-rûaḥ* his *qodšô*?", "grammar": { "*wayyizkōr*": "conjunction waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he remembered", "*yĕmê-ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - days of old", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*hammaʿălēm*": "article + Hiphil participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - the one bringing them up", "*miyyām*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from the sea", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*rōʿê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - shepherds of", "*ṣōʾnô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his flock", "*haśśām*": "article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the one who put", "*bĕqirbô*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - within him/in his midst", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*qodšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his holiness" }, "variants": { "*yizkōr*": "remembered/recalled/brought to mind", "*yĕmê-ʿôlām*": "days of old/ancient days/days of eternity", "*hammaʿălēm*": "the one bringing them up/the one causing them to ascend", "*rōʿê*": "shepherds/pastors/keepers", "*śām*": "put/placed/established", "*qirbô*": "his midst/within him/among them", "*rûaḥ qodšô*": "his holy spirit/his spirit of holiness" } } 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.12", "source": "מוֹלִיךְ֙ לִימִ֣ין מֹשֶׁ֔ה זְר֖וֹעַ תִּפְאַרְתּ֑וֹ בּ֤וֹקֵֽעַ מַ֙יִם֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת ל֖וֹ שֵׁ֥ם עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*môlîḵ* at the right of *mōšeh* *zĕrôaʿ* his *tipʾartô*, *bôqēaʿ* *mayim* from *pĕnêhem*, to *laʿăśôt* for him *šēm* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*môlîḵ*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - causing to go/leading", "*lîmîn*": "preposition lamed + noun, feminine singular construct - at the right of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*zĕrôaʿ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - arm of", "*tipʾartô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his glory", "*bôqēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - cleaving/dividing", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*mippĕnêhem*": "preposition min + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from before them", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition lamed + Qal infinitive construct - to make", "*lô*": "preposition lamed with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for himself", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - everlasting/eternity" }, "variants": { "*môlîḵ*": "leading/causing to go/guiding", "*zĕrôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*tipʾartô*": "his glory/his beauty/his splendor", "*bôqēaʿ*": "cleaving/dividing/splitting", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/renown", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual" } } 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.13", "source": "מוֹלִיכָ֖ם בַּתְּהֹמ֑וֹת כַּסּ֥וּס בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר לֹ֥א יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃", "text": "*môlîḵām* in the *tĕhōmôt*, like the *sûs* in the *midbār* they did not *yikkāšēlû*.", "grammar": { "*môlîḵām*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - leading them", "*battĕhōmôt*": "preposition bet + article + noun, feminine plural - in the deeps", "*kassûs*": "preposition kaf + article + noun, masculine singular - like the horse", "*bammidbār*": "preposition bet + article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yikkāšēlû*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they stumbled" }, "variants": { "*môlîḵām*": "leading them/guiding them/causing them to go", "*tĕhōmôt*": "deeps/depths/abysses", "*sûs*": "horse/steed", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*yikkāšēlû*": "stumbled/fell/tottered" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.14", "source": "כַּבְּהֵמָה֙ בַּבִּקְעָ֣ה תֵרֵ֔ד ר֥וּחַ יְהוָ֖ה תְּנִיחֶ֑נּוּ כֵּ֚ן נִהַ֣גְתָּ עַמְּךָ֔ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת לְךָ֖ שֵׁ֥ם תִּפְאָֽרֶת׃", "text": "Like the *bĕhēmāh* in the *biqʿāh* *tērēd*, *rûaḥ* *YHWH* *tĕnîḥennû*; thus *nihagtā* your *ʿammĕḵā*, to *laʿăśôt* for yourself *šēm* *tipʾāret*.", "grammar": { "*kabbĕhēmāh*": "preposition kaf + article + noun, feminine singular - like the cattle", "*babbiqʿāh*": "preposition bet + article + noun, feminine singular - in the valley", "*tērēd*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - goes down", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*tĕnîḥennû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - causes it to rest", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*nihagtā*": "Piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you led", "*ʿammĕḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition lamed + Qal infinitive construct - to make", "*lĕḵā*": "preposition lamed with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for yourself", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*tipʾāret*": "noun, feminine singular - beauty/glory" }, "variants": { "*bĕhēmāh*": "cattle/beast/animal", "*biqʿāh*": "valley/plain", "*tērēd*": "goes down/descends", "*tĕnîḥennû*": "causes it to rest/gives it rest/makes it settle", "*nihagtā*": "you led/you guided/you drove", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/renown", "*tipʾāret*": "beauty/glory/splendor" } }
  • Jer 2:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.2", "source": "הָלֹ֡ךְ וְקָֽרָאתָ֩ בְאָזְנֵ֨י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה זָכַ֤רְתִּי לָךְ֙ חֶ֣סֶד נְעוּרַ֔יִךְ אַהֲבַ֖ת כְּלוּלֹתָ֑יִךְ לֶכְתֵּ֤ךְ אַחֲרַי֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר בְּאֶ֖רֶץ לֹ֥א זְרוּעָֽה׃", "text": "*Hālōk* *wə-qārāʾtā* *bə-ʾāznê* *Yərûšālaim* *lēʾmōr* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *zākartî* *lāk* *ḥesed* *nəʿûrayik* *ʾahăbat* *kəlûlōtāyik* *lektēk* *ʾaḥăray* *ba-midbār* *bə-ʾereṣ* *lōʾ* *zərûʿāh*", "grammar": { "*Hālōk*": "qal infinitive absolute - go", "*wə-qārāʾtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall proclaim", "*bə-ʾāznê*": "preposition + construct dual of ear - in the ears of", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*zākartî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I remember/have remembered", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for you", "*ḥesed*": "noun, masculine singular - lovingkindness/loyalty", "*nəʿûrayik*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - of your youth", "*ʾahăbat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - love of", "*kəlûlōtāyik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your betrothals/weddings", "*lektēk*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your going", "*ʾaḥăray*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - after me", "*ba-midbār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in a land", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*zərûʿāh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - sown" }, "variants": { "*Hālōk*": "go/going (emphatic)", "*qārāʾtā*": "proclaim/call out/cry", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/loyalty/faithfulness/devotion", "*kəlûlōtāyik*": "your betrothals/your bridal state/your wedding days", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land" } }
  • Ezek 20:14-17 : 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.14", "source": "וָאֶעֱשֶׂ֖ה לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמִ֑י לְבִלְתִּ֤י הֵחֵל֙ לְעֵינֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר הוֹצֵאתִ֖ים לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*wāʾeʿĕśeh* for-sake-of *šĕmî*, *lĕbiltî* *hēḥēl* before-eyes-of the-*gôyim* which *hôṣēʾtîm* before-*ʿênêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾeʿĕśeh*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I acted", "*šĕmî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*lĕbiltî*": "preposition with negative particle - so as not to", "*hēḥēl*": "verb, niphal infinitive construct - to be profaned/defiled", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - nations", "*hôṣēʾtîm*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I brought them out", "*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their eyes" }, "variants": { "*wāʾeʿĕśeh* *lĕmaʿan* *šĕmî*": "and I acted for the sake of my name (idiom for protecting reputation)", "*lĕbiltî* *hēḥēl*": "so as not to be profaned/so it would not be defiled", "*hôṣēʾtîm* *lĕʿênêhem*": "I brought them out before their eyes/in their sight" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.15", "source": "וְגַם־אֲנִ֗י נָשָׂ֧אתִי יָדִ֛י לָהֶ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לְבִלְתִּי֩ הָבִ֨יא אוֹתָ֜ם אֶל־הָאָ֣רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֗תִּי זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּדְבַ֔שׁ צְבִ֥י הִ֖יא לְכָל־הָאֲרָצֽוֹת", "text": "And also *ʾănî* *nāśāʾtî* *yādî* to them in the *midbar*, to not *hābîʾ* them to the *ʾāreṣ* which *nātattî*, *zābat ḥālāb* and *dəbaš*, *ṣəbî* *hîʾ* to all the *ʾărāṣôt*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction, connective - and", "*gam*": "adverb - also, moreover", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*nāśāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I lifted/raised", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*ləbiltî*": "preposition + negative particle - to not, so as not to", "*hābîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to bring", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*ʾel-hāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I gave", "*zābat*": "Qal participle feminine singular construct - flowing with", "*ḥālāb*": "noun, masculine singular - milk", "*û-dəbaš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and honey", "*ṣəbî*": "noun, masculine singular - glory, beauty", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - it (is)", "*lə-kāl-hāʾărāṣôt*": "preposition + construct noun + definite article + noun, feminine plural - to all the lands" }, "variants": { "*nāśāʾtî yādî*": "lifted my hand (idiom for swearing an oath)", "*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land", "*zābat ḥālāb û-dəbaš*": "flowing with milk and honey (idiom for fertile land)", "*ṣəbî*": "glory, beauty, ornament, gazelle" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.16", "source": "יַ֜עַן בְּמִשְׁפָּטַ֣י מָאָ֗סוּ וְאֶת־חֻקּוֹתַי֙ לֹא־הָלְכ֣וּ בָהֶ֔ם וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּ֑לוּ כִּ֛י אַחֲרֵ֥י גִלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם לִבָּ֥ם הֹלֵֽךְ", "text": "*yaʿan* in my *mišpāṭay* they *māʾāsû* and my *ḥuqqôtay* they not *hālĕkû* in them, and my *šabbĕtôtay* they *ḥillēlû*, because after their *gillûlêhem* their *libbām* *hōlēk*", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because, since", "*bə-mišpāṭay*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my judgments/ordinances", "*māʾāsû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they rejected/despised", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hālĕkû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they walked", "*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*šabbĕtôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths", "*ḥillēlû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person plural - they profaned/desecrated", "*kî*": "conjunction - because, for", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*gillûlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their idols", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*hōlēk*": "Qal participle masculine singular - walking/going" }, "variants": { "*mišpāṭay*": "judgments, ordinances, legal decisions", "*māʾāsû*": "rejected, despised, refused", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws", "*hālĕkû*": "walked, followed, lived according to", "*šabbĕtôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days", "*ḥillēlû*": "profaned, desecrated, violated", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols, their dung-gods (derogatory term)" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.17", "source": "וַתָּ֧חָס עֵינִ֛י עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מִֽשַּׁחֲתָ֑ם וְלֹֽא־עָשִׂ֧יתִי אוֹתָ֛ם כָּלָ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּֽר", "text": "And *tāḥās* my *ʿênî* upon them from *šaḥătām* and not *ʿāśîtî* them *kālāh* in the *midbar*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "conjunction, consecutive - and, so", "*tāḥās*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it showed mercy/spared", "*ʿênî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my eye", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*mi-šaḥătām*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from destroying them", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿāśîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I made/did", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*kālāh*": "noun, feminine singular - complete destruction", "*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*tāḥās ʿênî*": "my eye spared (idiom for showing mercy)", "*mi-šaḥătām*": "from destroying them, from their destruction", "*kālāh*": "complete destruction, annihilation, end", "*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land" } }
  • Matt 11:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Matthew.11.28", "source": "¶Δεῦτε πρός με, πάντες οἱ κοπιῶντες καὶ πεφορτισμένοι, κἀγὼ ἀναπαύσω ὑμᾶς.", "text": "*Deute* to me, all the ones *kopiōntes* and *pephortismenoi*, and I *anapausō* you.", "grammar": { "*Deute*": "adverb/imperative - come", "*kopiōntes*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - laboring/toiling", "*pephortismenoi*": "perfect participle, passive, nominative, masculine, plural - having been burdened", "*anapausō*": "future, active, 1st singular - I will give rest" }, "variants": { "*Deute*": "come/come here", "*kopiōntes*": "laboring/toiling/growing weary", "*pephortismenoi*": "having been burdened/loaded down/heavy laden", "*anapausō*": "I will give rest/refresh/relieve" } }
  • Heb 4:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Hebrews.4.8", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ αὐτοὺς Ἰησοῦς κατέπαυσεν, οὐκ ἂν περὶ ἄλλης ἐλάλει μετὰ ταῦτα ἡμέρας.", "text": "For if them *Iēsous* had *katepausen*, not would he concerning another *elalei* after these things *hēmeras*.", "grammar": { "*Iēsous*": "nominative masculine singular - Joshua/Jesus", "*katepausen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave rest/caused to cease", "*elalei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he was speaking", "*hēmeras*": "genitive feminine singular - day" }, "variants": { "*Iēsous*": "Joshua (in this context)/Jesus", "*katepausen*": "gave rest/caused to cease/brought to rest", "*elalei*": "was speaking/was talking/would have spoken about", "*hēmeras*": "day/time/period" } } 9 { "verseID": "Hebrews.4.9", "source": "Ἄρα ἀπολείπεται σαββατισμὸς τῷ λαῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "Therefore *apoleipetai* a *sabbatismos* to the *laō* of *Theou*.", "grammar": { "*apoleipetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - remains/is left", "*sabbatismos*": "nominative masculine singular - sabbath rest/sabbath-keeping", "*laō*": "dative masculine singular - people", "*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*apoleipetai*": "remains/is left/is reserved", "*sabbatismos*": "sabbath rest/sabbath keeping/sabbath observance", "*laō*": "people/nation/crowd", "*Theou*": "God/deity" } }