Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.36.2", "source": "קַח־לְךָ֮ מְגִלַּת־סֵפֶר֒ וְכָתַבְתָּ֣ אֵלֶ֗יהָ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֞ים אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֧רְתִּי אֵלֶ֛יךָ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל וְעַל־יְהוּדָ֖ה וְעַל־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֑ם מִיּ֞וֹם דִּבַּ֤רְתִּי אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ מִימֵ֣י יֹאשִׁיָּ֔הוּ וְעַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "*qaḥ*-to-you *məgillat*-*sēper*, and-*kātabtā* unto-it *ʾēt* all-the-*dəbārîm* which-*dibbartî* unto-you against-*Yiśrāʾēl* and-against-*Yəhûdāh* and-against-all-the-*gôyim* from-day *dibbartî* unto-you from-days-of *Yōʾšiyyāhû* and-until the-day the-this", "grammar": { "*qaḥ*": "imperative, masculine singular - take", "*məgillat*": "construct state, feminine singular - scroll of", "*sēper*": "common noun, masculine singular - book/document/scroll", "*kātabtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall write", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural with definite article - the words/matters", "*dibbartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I spoke/I have spoken", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*gôyim*": "common noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations/peoples", "*Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper name, masculine singular - Josiah" }, "variants": { "*məgillat-sēper*": "scroll of a book/writing scroll/document roll", "*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things/commands", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Ta en bokrull og skriv på den alle de ordene jeg har talt til deg om Israel, Juda og alle folkeslagene, fra den dagen jeg talte til deg, fra Josjias dager, og frem til i dag.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Ta deg en bokrull og skriv ned alle de ordene jeg har talt til deg mot Israel, mot Juda, og mot alle folkeslagene, siden den dagen jeg talte til deg, fra dagene til Josjia, til denne dag.

• Norsk King James

  Ta en rull av en bok, og skriv ned alle ordene som jeg har talt til deg mot Israel, mot Juda, og mot alle folkene, fra den dagen jeg talte til deg, fra Josiah's dager og fram til i dag.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Ta en bokrull og skriv ned alle de ordene jeg har talt til deg om Israel, Juda og alle nasjonene, fra den dagen jeg begynte å tale til deg under Josias dager, og fram til denne dag.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Ta en bokrull og skriv ned alle de ordene jeg har talt til deg om Israel, Juda og alle folkene, fra de dagene jeg talte til deg under Josjias dager og helt til i dag.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Ta deg en bokrull og skriv ned alle ordene jeg har talt til deg mot Israel, mot Juda og mot alle nasjonene, fra den dagen jeg begynte å tale til deg, fra Josias dager til denne dag.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  «Ta rullen til en bok, og skriv ned alle ordene jeg har talt til deg mot Israel, mot Juda og mot alle nasjoner, fra den dagen jeg talte til deg, fra Josias dager og til i dag.»

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Ta deg en bokrull og skriv ned alle ordene jeg har talt til deg mot Israel, mot Juda og mot alle nasjonene, fra den dagen jeg begynte å tale til deg, fra Josias dager til denne dag.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Ta deg en bokrull og skriv ned alle de ordene jeg har talt til deg om Israel, Juda og alle folkeslagene, fra den dagen jeg begynte å tale til deg under kong Josjia, til denne dag.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Take a scroll and write on it all the words I have spoken to you concerning Israel, Judah, and all the nations, from the days of Josiah until today.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Ta deg en bokrull og skriv ned på den alle ordene som jeg har talt til deg om Israel, Juda og alle nasjonene, fra den dagen jeg talte til deg, fra Josias dager og frem til i dag.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Tag dig en Bogs Rolle, og du skal skrive derpaa alle de Ord, som jeg haver talet til dig over Israel og over Juda og over alle Hedningerne, fra den Dag, jeg talede til dig, fra Josias Dage, og indtil denne Dag.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Take thee a roll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken unto thee against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spake unto thee, from the days of Josiah, even unto this day.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Ta en bokrull og skriv ned alle ordene jeg har talt til deg mot Israel, mot Juda og mot alle folkene, fra den dagen jeg begynte å tale til deg, fra Josias dager til denne dag.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Take yourself a scroll and write on it all the words that I have spoken to you against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spoke to you, from the days of Josiah, even to this day.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Take thee a roll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken unto thee against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spake unto thee, from the days of Josiah, even unto this day.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Ta en bokrull, og skriv der alle ordene jeg har talt til deg mot Israel, mot Juda og mot alle nasjonene, fra den dagen jeg talte til deg, fra Josjias dager, og til denne dag.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  'Ta en bokrull, og skriv på den alle de ordene jeg har talt til deg om Israel, om Juda og om alle folkene, fra den dagen jeg talte til deg, fra Josjias dager til denne dag.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Ta deg en bokrull og skriv ned alle ordene jeg har talt til deg mot Israel, Juda og alle nasjonene, fra den dagen jeg talte til deg, fra Josjias dager til denne dag.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Ta en bok og skriv ned alle ordene jeg har sagt til deg om Israel, Juda og alle nasjonene, fra dagen da mitt ord kom til deg i Josias dager til denne dag.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Take a boke, & write therin all ye wordes, yt I haue spoke to the, to Israel, to Iuda & to all the people, fro the tyme yt I begane for to speake vnto the (in ye reigne of Iosias) vnto this daye.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Take thee a roule or booke, and write therein all the wordes that I haue spoken to thee against Israel, and against Iudah, and against all the nations, from the day that I spake vnto thee, euen from the dayes of Iosiah vnto this day.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Take a booke, and write therein all the wordes that I haue spoken to thee against Israel, against Iuda, and against all the people, from the tyme that I began to speake vnto thee in the raigne of Iosias, vnto this day:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Take thee a roll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken unto thee against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spake unto thee, from the days of Josiah, even unto this day.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Take a scroll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken to you against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spoke to you, from the days of Josiah, even to this day.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Take to thee a roll of a book, and thou hast written on it all the words that I have spoken unto thee concerning Israel, and concerning Judah, and concerning all the nations, from the day I spake unto thee, from the days of Josiah, even unto this day;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Take thee a roll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken unto thee against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spake unto thee, from the days of Josiah, even unto this day.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Take a book and put down in it all the words I have said to you against Israel and against Judah and against all the nations, from the day when my word came to you in the days of Josiah till this day.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Take a scroll of a book, and write therein all the words that I have spoken to you against Israel, and against Judah, and against all the nations, from the day I spoke to you, from the days of Josiah, even to this day.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “Get a scroll. Write on it everything I have told you to say about Israel, Judah, and all the other nations since I began to speak to you in the reign of Josiah until now.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 30:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.30.2", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר כְּתָב־לְךָ֗ אֵ֧ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי אֵלֶ֖יךָ אֶל־סֵֽפֶר", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *Yhwh* *ʾᵉlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *lēʾmōr* *kᵉtāḇ-lᵉḵā* *ʾēt* all-the-*dᵉḇārîm* which-*dibbarti* to-you to-*sēp̄er*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - said/spoke", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾᵉlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to say/saying", "*kᵉtāḇ-lᵉḵā*": "qal imperative masculine singular + preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - write for yourself", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dᵉḇārîm*": "masculine plural noun - words/things/matters", "*dibbarti*": "piel perfect 1st person singular - I have spoken/said", "*sēp̄er*": "masculine singular noun - book/scroll/document" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*ʾᵉlōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*kᵉtāḇ-lᵉḵā*": "write for yourself/record for yourself", "*dᵉḇārîm*": "words/matters/things/commands", "*sēp̄er*": "book/scroll/document/letter" } }
• Jer 25:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.3", "source": "מִן־שְׁלֹ֣שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֡ה לְיֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ בֶן־אָמוֹן֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֜ה וְעַ֣ד ׀ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֗ה זֶ֚ה שָׁלֹ֤שׁ וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ שָׁנָ֔ה הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלָ֑י וָאֲדַבֵּ֧ר אֲלֵיכֶ֛ם אַשְׁכֵּ֥ים וְדַבֵּ֖ר וְלֹ֥א שְׁמַעְתֶּֽם׃", "text": "From thirteen *šānāh* to *Yōʾšiyyāhû* son of *ʾĀmôn* *melek* *Yĕhûdāh* and unto the day the this, this three and twenty *šānāh*, *hāyāh* *dĕbar*-*YHWH* unto me, and *wāʾădabbēr* unto you *ʾaškêm* and *dabbēr* and not *šĕmaʿtem*.", "grammar": { "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - year", "*Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Josiah", "*ʾĀmôn*": "proper noun - Amon", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king", "*Yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - came/happened", "*dĕbar*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wāʾădabbēr*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect, 1st singular - and I spoke", "*ʾaškêm*": "verb, hiphil infinitive absolute - rising early", "*dabbēr*": "verb, piel infinitive absolute - speaking", "*šĕmaʿtem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd plural - you heard/listened" }, "variants": { "*hāyāh*": "came/happened/existed", "*dĕbar*": "word/matter/thing of", "*ʾaškêm*": "rising early/persistently", "*šĕmaʿtem*": "heard/listened/obeyed" } }
• Jer 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.1.10", "source": "רְאֵ֞ה הִפְקַדְתִּ֣יךָ ׀ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֗ה עַל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ וְעַל־הַמַּמְלָכ֔וֹת לִנְת֥וֹשׁ וְלִנְת֖וֹץ וּלְהַאֲבִ֣יד וְלַהֲר֑וֹס לִבְנ֖וֹת וְלִנְטֽוֹעַ׃", "text": "*rĕʾēh* *hipqadtîkā* *ha-yôm* *ha-zeh* upon-*ha-gôyim* and-upon-*ha-mamlākôt* to-*nĕtôš* and-to-*nĕtôṣ* and-to-*haʾăbîd* and-to-*harôs* to-*binôt* and-to-*ninṭôaʿ*", "grammar": { "*rĕʾēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - see", "*hipqadtîkā*": "Hiphil perfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I have appointed you", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + singular noun - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ha-gôyim*": "definite article + plural noun - the nations", "*ha-mamlākôt*": "definite article + plural noun - the kingdoms", "*nĕtôš*": "Qal infinitive construct - to uproot/pluck up", "*nĕtôṣ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to pull down/tear down", "*haʾăbîd*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy", "*harôs*": "Qal infinitive construct - to overthrow/demolish", "*binôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to build", "*ninṭôaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to plant" }, "variants": { "*hipqadtîkā*": "I have appointed you/I have commissioned you/I have set you over", "*nĕtôš*": "to uproot/to pluck up/to uproot", "*nĕtôṣ*": "to tear down/to break down/to demolish", "*haʾăbîd*": "to destroy/to annihilate/to exterminate", "*harôs*": "to overthrow/to break down/to tear down", "*binôt*": "to build/to construct/to establish", "*ninṭôaʿ*": "to plant/to establish" } }
• Exod 17:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה כְּתֹ֨ב זֹ֤את זִכָּרוֹן֙ בַּסֵּ֔פֶר וְשִׂ֖ים בְּאָזְנֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ כִּֽי־מָחֹ֤ה אֶמְחֶה֙ אֶת־זֵ֣כֶר עֲמָלֵ֔ק מִתַּ֖חַת הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃", "text": "And *wa-yōʾmer* *YHWH* unto-*mōsheh* *kətōb* this *zikkārôn* in-the-*sēper* and-*wəśîm* in-*ʾoznê* *yəhôshûaʿ* that-*māḥōh* *ʾemḥeh* *ʾet*-*zēker* *ʿămālēq* from-under the-*shāmāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*kətōb*": "qal imperative masculine singular - write", "*zikkārôn*": "masculine singular noun - memorial/remembrance", "*sēper*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the book/scroll", "*wəśîm*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperative masculine singular - and put/place", "*ʾoznê*": "feminine dual construct - ears of", "*yəhôshûaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*māḥōh*": "qal infinitive absolute - utterly", "*ʾemḥeh*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will blot out/erase", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zēker*": "masculine singular construct - memory/remembrance of", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*shāmāyim*": "masculine dual noun with definite article - the heavens/sky" }, "variants": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*kətōb*": "write/record/inscribe", "*zikkārôn*": "memorial/remembrance/record", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document", "*wəśîm*": "put/place/set", "*ʾoznê*": "ears/hearing", "*māḥōh* *ʾemḥeh*": "utterly blot out/completely erase/totally destroy", "*zēker*": "memory/remembrance/mention", "*shāmāyim*": "heavens/sky" } }
• Ezra 6:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezra.6.2", "source": "וְהִשְׁתְּכַ֣ח בְּאַחְמְתָ֗א בְּבִֽירְתָ֛א דִּ֛י בְּמָדַ֥י מְדִינְתָּ֖ה מְגִלָּ֣ה חֲדָ֑ה וְּכֵן־כְּתִ֥יב בְּגַוַּ֖הּ דִּכְרוֹנָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And was *hištekḥaḥ* in *ʾAḥmeṯāʾ* in the *bîreṯāʾ* which in *Māday* the *medîntāh* a *meḡillāh ḥădāh* and thus *keṯîḇ* within it a *diḵrônāh*.", "grammar": { "*hištekḥaḥ*": "verb, Hitpeel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was found", "*ʾAḥmeṯāʾ*": "proper noun - Ecbatana (city name)", "*bîreṯāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular, definite - the citadel/palace/fortress", "*dî*": "relative particle - that/which", "*Māday*": "proper noun - Media (name of region/country)", "*medîntāh*": "noun, feminine singular, definite - the province", "*meḡillāh*": "noun, feminine singular - scroll/roll", "*ḥădāh*": "numeral, feminine singular - one", "*keṯîḇ*": "passive participle, masculine singular - written", "*bᵉḡawwah*": "preposition + suffix - in it/within it", "*diḵrônāh*": "noun, masculine singular - record/memorandum" }, "variants": { "*hištekḥaḥ*": "was found/was discovered", "*bîreṯāʾ*": "fortress/castle/palace/citadel", "*medîntāh*": "province/district/region", "*meḡillāh ḥădāh*": "a scroll/a roll/one document", "*diḵrônāh*": "memorandum/record/register" } }
• Ps 40:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.40.7", "source": "זֶ֤בַח וּמִנְחָ֨ה ׀ לֹֽא־חָפַ֗צְתָּ אָ֭זְנַיִם כָּרִ֣יתָ לִּ֑י עוֹלָ֥ה וַ֝חֲטָאָ֗ה לֹ֣א שָׁאָֽלְתָּ", "text": "*Zebaḥ ûminḥâ lōʾ-ḥāpaṣtā*, *ʾoznayim kārîtā* for me; *ʿôlâ waḥăṭāʾâ lōʾ šāʾāltā*", "grammar": { "*Zebaḥ ûminḥâ*": "masculine singular noun + conjunction + feminine singular noun - 'sacrifice and offering'", "*lōʾ-ḥāpaṣtā*": "negation + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - 'you have not desired'", "*ʾoznayim kārîtā*": "dual noun + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - 'ears you have dug/pierced'", "*ʿôlâ waḥăṭāʾâ*": "feminine singular noun + conjunction + feminine singular noun - 'burnt offering and sin offering'", "*lōʾ šāʾāltā*": "negation + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - 'you have not requested/required'" }, "variants": { "*Zebaḥ*": "sacrifice/slaughtered offering", "*minḥâ*": "grain offering/gift/tribute offering", "*ḥāpaṣtā*": "you desired/you delighted in/you were pleased with", "*kārîtā*": "you dug/you excavated/you pierced/you opened", "*ʿôlâ*": "burnt offering/whole burnt offering/ascending offering", "*ḥăṭāʾâ*": "sin offering/purification offering", "*šāʾāltā*": "you asked for/you required/you demanded" } }
• Isa 8:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.8.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י קַח־לְךָ֖ גִּלָּי֣וֹן גָּד֑וֹל וּכְתֹ֤ב עָלָיו֙ בְּחֶ֣רֶט אֱנ֔וֹשׁ לְמַהֵ֥ר שָׁלָ֖ל חָ֥שׁ בַּֽז׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me *qaḥ-ləkā* *gillāyôn* *gādôl* and-*kətōb* on-it with-*ḥereṭ* *ʾĕnôš* to-*mahēr šālāl ḥāš baz*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*qaḥ-ləkā*": "qal imperative masculine singular + preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - take for yourself", "*gillāyôn*": "noun masculine singular - tablet/scroll/writing surface", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - large/great", "*kətōb*": "qal imperative masculine singular - write", "*ḥereṭ*": "noun masculine singular construct - stylus/engraving tool", "*ʾĕnôš*": "noun masculine singular - man/common person", "*mahēr šālāl ḥāš baz*": "phrase meaning 'quick to plunder, swift to spoil' - symbolic name" }, "variants": { "*gillāyôn*": "tablet/large scroll/writing surface", "*ḥereṭ ʾĕnôš*": "stylus of man/common writing tool/ordinary pen", "*mahēr šālāl ḥāš baz*": "quick to the spoil, swift to the prey/hasten to plunder, hurry to loot/speed to the spoil, haste to the prey" } }
• Jer 1:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.1.2", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָיָ֤ה דְבַר־יְהוָה֙ אֵלָ֔יו בִּימֵ֛י יֹאשִׁיָּ֥הוּ בֶן־אָמ֖וֹן מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה בִּשְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה שָׁנָ֖ה לְמָלְכֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *hāyāh* *dĕbar*-*YHWH* *ʾēlāyw* in-*yĕmê* *Yōʾšiyyāhû* *ben*-*ʾĀmôn* *melek* *Yĕhûdāh* in-*šĕlōš*-*ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* to-*mālkô*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which/that", "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was/came", "*dĕbar*": "construct singular - word of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*yĕmê*": "construct plural of *yôm* - days of", "*Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper name - Josiah", "*ben*": "construct singular - son of", "*ʾĀmôn*": "proper name - Amon", "*melek*": "construct singular - king of", "*Yĕhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*šĕlōš*-*ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number - thirteen", "*šānāh*": "singular - year", "*mālkô*": "infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his reigning" }, "variants": { "*hāyāh*": "was/came/happened/occurred", "*dĕbar*-*YHWH*": "word of YHWH/message from YHWH/oracle of YHWH", "*lĕmālkô*": "of his reign/of his ruling/of his kingship" } } 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.1.3", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י בִּימֵ֨י יְהוֹיָקִ֤ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה עַד־תֹּם֙ עַשְׁתֵּ֣י עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה לְצִדְקִיָּ֥הוּ בֶן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֖הוּ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה עַד־גְּל֥וֹת יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַחֲמִישִֽׁי׃", "text": "*wa-yĕhî* in-*yĕmê* *Yĕhôyāqîm* *ben*-*Yōʾšiyyāhû* *melek* *Yĕhûdāh* until-*tōm* *ʿaštê* *ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* to-*Ṣidqiyyāhû* *ben*-*Yōʾšiyyāhû* *melek* *Yĕhûdāh* until-*gĕlôt* *Yĕrûšālaim* in-*ḥōdeš* *ha-ḥămîšî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yĕhî*": "waw-consecutive with Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was/came to pass", "*yĕmê*": "construct plural of *yôm* - days of", "*Yĕhôyāqîm*": "proper name - Jehoiakim", "*ben*": "construct singular - son of", "*Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper name - Josiah", "*melek*": "construct singular - king of", "*Yĕhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*tōm*": "construct singular - completion of", "*ʿaštê* *ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number - eleven", "*šānāh*": "singular - year", "*Ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper name - Zedekiah", "*gĕlôt*": "infinitive construct - exile of", "*Yĕrûšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*ḥōdeš*": "construct singular - month of", "*ha-ḥămîšî*": "definite article + ordinal number - the fifth" }, "variants": { "*wa-yĕhî*": "and it was/and it came to pass/and it happened/and it continued", "*tōm*": "completion/end/fulfillment", "*gĕlôt*": "exile/deportation/captivity" } }
• Jer 1:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.1.5", "source": "בְּטֶ֨רֶם *אצורך **אֶצָּרְךָ֤ בַבֶּ֙טֶן֙ יְדַעְתִּ֔יךָ וּבְטֶ֛רֶם תֵּצֵ֥א מֵרֶ֖חֶם הִקְדַּשְׁתִּ֑יךָ נָבִ֥יא לַגּוֹיִ֖ם נְתַתִּֽיךָ׃", "text": "In-*ṭerem* *ʾeṣṣārkā* in-*ha-beṭen* *yĕdaʿtîkā* and-in-*ṭerem* *tēṣēʾ* from-*reḥem* *hiqdaštîkā* *nābîʾ* to-*ha-gôyim* *nĕtattîkā*", "grammar": { "*ṭerem*": "adverb - before/not yet", "*ʾeṣṣārkā*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I formed you", "*ha-beṭen*": "definite article + singular noun - the womb", "*yĕdaʿtîkā*": "Qal perfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I knew you", "*tēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you came forth", "*reḥem*": "singular noun - womb", "*hiqdaštîkā*": "Hiphil perfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I sanctified you", "*nābîʾ*": "singular noun - prophet", "*ha-gôyim*": "definite article + plural noun - the nations", "*nĕtattîkā*": "Qal perfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I gave/appointed you" }, "variants": { "*ʾeṣṣārkā*": "I formed you/I fashioned you/I created you", "*yĕdaʿtîkā*": "I knew you/I chose you/I recognized you", "*hiqdaštîkā*": "I sanctified you/I set you apart/I consecrated you", "*ha-gôyim*": "the nations/the gentiles/the peoples" } }
• Jer 3:3-9 : 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.3", "source": "וַיִּמָּנְע֣וּ רְבִבִ֔ים וּמַלְק֖וֹשׁ ל֣וֹא הָיָ֑ה וּמֵ֨צַח אִשָּׁ֤ה זוֹנָה֙ הָ֣יָה לָ֔ךְ מֵאַ֖נְתְּ הִכָּלֵֽם׃", "text": "*wayyimmānᵉʿû* *rᵉḇîḇîm* and-*malqôš* not *hāyâ*. And-*mēṣaḥ* *ʾiššâ* *zônâ* *hāyâ* to-you; *mēʾanᵉt* *hikkālēm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyimmānᵉʿû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - 'and they were withheld'", "*rᵉḇîḇîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'showers/rain'", "*malqôš*": "noun, masculine singular - 'latter rain/spring rain'", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'was/has been'", "*mēṣaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'forehead/brow'", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'woman'", "*zônâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'prostitute/harlot'", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'was/has been'", "*mēʾanᵉt*": "Piel perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you refused'", "*hikkālēm*": "Niphal infinitive construct - 'to be ashamed/to feel shame'" }, "variants": { "*wayyimmānᵉʿû*": "and they were withheld/kept back/restrained", "*rᵉḇîḇîm*": "showers/rains", "*malqôš*": "latter rain/spring rain/late rains", "*mēṣaḥ*": "forehead/brow", "*ʾiššâ*": "woman/wife", "*zônâ*": "prostitute/harlot/immoral woman", "*mēʾanᵉt*": "you refused/declined/rejected", "*hikkālēm*": "to be ashamed/to feel shame/to be humiliated" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.4", "source": "הֲל֣וֹא מֵעַ֔תָּה *קראתי **קָרָ֥את לִ֖י אָבִ֑י אַלּ֥וּף נְעֻרַ֖י אָֽתָּה׃", "text": "*hᵃlôʾ* from-*ʿattâ* *qārāʾt* to-me \"*ʾāḇî*, *ʾallûp̄* *nᵉʿuray* you\"?", "grammar": { "*hᵃlôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - 'have not?'", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - 'now/from now'", "*qārāʾt*": "Kethib/Qere: Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you called'", "*ʾāḇî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my father'", "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'friend/companion/chief'", "*nᵉʿuray*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'my youth'", "you": "pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - 'you'" }, "variants": { "*hᵃlôʾ*": "have not/did not/will not", "*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time/from now", "*qārāʾt*": "you called/cried out/named", "*ʾāḇî*": "my father", "*ʾallûp̄*": "friend/companion/guide/chief", "*nᵉʿuray*": "my youth/young age" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.5", "source": "הֲיִנְטֹ֣ר לְעוֹלָ֔ם אִם־יִשְׁמֹ֖ר לָנֶ֑צַח הִנֵּ֥ה *דברתי **דִבַּ֛רְתְּ וַתַּעֲשִׂ֥י הָרָע֖וֹת וַתּוּכָֽל׃ פ", "text": "*hᵃyinṭōr* *lᵉʿôlām*? If-*yišmōr* *lāneṣaḥ*? *hinnēh* *dibbartᵉ* *wattaʿăśî* the-*hārāʿôt* *wattûḵāl*.", "grammar": { "*hᵃyinṭōr*": "interrogative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'will he keep anger?'", "*lᵉʿôlām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - 'forever/eternally'", "*yišmōr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he will keep/guard'", "*lāneṣaḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - 'to perpetuity/forever'", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - 'behold/look'", "*dibbartᵉ*": "Kethib/Qere: Piel perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you have spoken'", "*wattaʿăśî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you did/have done'", "*hārāʿôt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - 'the evil things/wickedness'", "*wattûḵāl*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you prevailed/were able'" }, "variants": { "*hᵃyinṭōr*": "will he keep anger/bear grudge/remain angry", "*lᵉʿôlām*": "forever/eternally/perpetually", "*yišmōr*": "he will keep/guard/maintain", "*lāneṣaḥ*": "to perpetuity/forever/eternally", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*dibbartᵉ*": "you have spoken/said/declared", "*wattaʿăśî*": "and you did/have done/performed", "*hārāʿôt*": "the evil things/wickedness/evils", "*wattûḵāl*": "and you prevailed/were able/succeeded" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י בִּימֵי֙ יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הֲ‍ֽרָאִ֔יתָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשְׂתָ֖ה מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הֹלְכָ֨ה הִ֜יא עַל־כָּל־הַ֣ר גָּבֹ֗הַּ וְאֶל־תַּ֛חַת כָּל־עֵ֥ץ רַעֲנָ֖ן וַתִּזְנִי־שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me in-days *yōʾšiyyāhû* the-*meleḵ*: \"*hᵃrāʾîtā* which *ʿāśᵉtâ* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*? *hōlᵉḵâ* she upon-every-*har* *gāḇōha* and-to-under every-*ʿēṣ* *raʿănān* *wattizᵉnî*-there.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - 'and he said'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper name - 'Josiah'", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'", "*hᵃrāʾîtā*": "interrogative particle + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'have you seen?'", "*ʿāśᵉtâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she did/has done'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*hōlᵉḵâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'going/walking'", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular - 'mountain/hill'", "*gāḇōha*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'high/lofty'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'tree'", "*raʿănān*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'leafy/luxuriant/green'", "*wattizᵉnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "Josiah", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*hᵃrāʾîtā*": "have you seen/observed/noticed", "*ʿāśᵉtâ*": "she did/has done/committed", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*hōlᵉḵâ*": "going/walking/proceeding", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*gāḇōha*": "high/lofty/tall", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*raʿănān*": "leafy/luxuriant/green/verdant", "*wattizᵉnî*": "and you played the harlot/prostituted yourself" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.7", "source": "וָאֹמַ֗ר אַחֲרֵ֨י עֲשׂוֹתָ֧הּ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֛לֶּה אֵלַ֥י תָּשׁ֖וּב וְלֹא־שָׁ֑בָה *ותראה **וַתֵּ֛רֶא בָּגוֹדָ֥ה אֲחוֹתָ֖הּ יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "*wāʾōmar* after *ʿăśôtâh* *ʾet*-all-these, to-me *tāšûḇ*, but-not-*šāḇâ*. *wattēreʾ* *bāgôdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh* *yᵉhûdâ*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I said'", "*ʿăśôtâh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her doing'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tāšûḇ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she will return'", "*šāḇâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she returned'", "*wattēreʾ*": "Kethib/Qere: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she saw'", "*bāgôdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/spoke/thought", "*ʿăśôtâh*": "her doing/committing/performing", "*tāšûḇ*": "she will return/come back/repent", "*šāḇâ*": "she returned/came back/repented", "*wattēreʾ*": "and she saw/observed/noticed", "*bāgôdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah" } } 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.8", "source": "וָאֵ֗רֶא כִּ֤י עַל־כָּל־אֹדוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִֽאֲפָה֙ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁלַּחְתִּ֕יהָ וָאֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־סֵ֥פֶר כְּרִיתֻתֶ֖יהָ אֵלֶ֑יהָ וְלֹ֨א יָֽרְאָ֜ה בֹּֽגֵדָ֤ה יְהוּדָה֙ אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ וַתִּ֥זֶן גַּם־הִֽיא׃", "text": "*wāʾēreʾ* that for-all-*ʾōdôt* which *niʾăp̄â* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*, *šillaḥtîhā* *wāʾettēn* *ʾet*-*sēp̄er* *kᵉrîtutehā* to-her; and-not *yārᵉʾâ* *bōgēdâ* *yᵉhûdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh*, *wattēleḵ* *wattizen* also-she.", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I saw'", "*ʾōdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'causes/reasons'", "*niʾăp̄â*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she committed adultery'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'I sent her away'", "*wāʾettēn*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I gave'", "*sēp̄er*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'document/scroll'", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her divorce'", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she feared/was afraid'", "*bōgēdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*wattēleḵ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she went'", "*wattizen*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "and I saw/observed/noticed", "*ʾōdôt*": "causes/reasons/occasions", "*niʾăp̄â*": "she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "I sent her away/dismissed her/divorced her", "*wāʾettēn*": "and I gave/provided/handed over", "*sēp̄er*": "document/scroll/certificate", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "her divorce/separation/cutting off", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "she feared/was afraid/was in awe", "*bōgēdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*wattēleḵ*": "and she went/proceeded", "*wattizen*": "and she played the harlot/prostituted herself" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.9", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ מִקֹּ֣ל זְנוּתָ֔הּ וַתֶּחֱנַ֖ף אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַתִּנְאַ֥ף אֶת־הָאֶ֖בֶן וְאֶת־הָעֵֽץ׃", "text": "*wᵉhāyâ* from-*qōl* *zᵉnûtâh* *wattĕḥĕnap̄* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*, *wattinʾap̄* *ʾet*-the-*ʾeḇen* and-*ʾet*-the-*ʿēṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉhāyâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and it came to pass/happened'", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'sound/lightness'", "*zᵉnûtâh*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her harlotry/prostitution'", "*wattĕḥĕnap̄*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she polluted'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the land/earth'", "*wattinʾap̄*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she committed adultery'", "*ʾeḇen*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the stone'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the tree/wood'" }, "variants": { "*wᵉhāyâ*": "and it came to pass/happened/occurred", "*qōl*": "sound/voice/lightness/frivolity", "*zᵉnûtâh*": "her harlotry/prostitution/promiscuity", "*wattĕḥĕnap̄*": "and she polluted/defiled/profaned", "*ʾāreṣ*": "the land/earth/ground", "*wattinʾap̄*": "and she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*ʾeḇen*": "the stone/rock", "*ʿēṣ*": "the tree/wood" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.10", "source": "וְגַם־בְּכָל־זֹ֗את לֹא־שָׁ֨בָה אֵלַ֜י בָּגוֹדָ֧ה אֲחוֹתָ֛הּ יְהוּדָ֖ה בְּכָל־לִבָּ֑הּ כִּ֥י אִם־בְּשֶׁ֖קֶר נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And-also-in-all-this not-*šāḇâ* to-me *bāgôdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh* *yᵉhûdâ* with-all-*libbâh*, but-rather-in-*šeqer* *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*šāḇâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she returned'", "*bāgôdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*libbâh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her heart'", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - 'falsehood/lie'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state - 'utterance/declaration'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*šāḇâ*": "she returned/came back/repented", "*bāgôdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*libbâh*": "her heart/mind/inner being", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*nᵉʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle" } }
• Jer 23:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.13", "source": "וּבִנְבִיאֵי שֹׁמְרוֹן רָאִיתִי תִפְלָה הִנַּבְּאוּ בַבַּעַל וַיַּתְעוּ אֶת־עַמִּי אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל", "text": "*Ûbinbîʾê* *šōmərôn* *rāʾîtî* *tip̄lâ* *hinnabbəʾû* *babbaʿal* *wayyatʿû* *ʾet*-*ʿammî* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*Ûbinbîʾê*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural construct - and in the prophets of", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have seen", "*tip̄lâ*": "feminine singular noun - unsavoriness/folly", "*hinnabbəʾû*": "hithpael perfect 3rd person common plural - they prophesied", "*babbaʿal*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - by Baal", "*wayyatʿû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they led astray", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*tip̄lâ*": "unsavoriness/folly/offensive thing", "*hinnabbəʾû*": "they prophesied/they acted as prophets", "*wayyatʿû*": "they led astray/they caused to err/they misled" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.14", "source": "וּבִנְבִאֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם רָאִיתִי שַׁעֲרוּרָה נָאוֹף וְהָלֹךְ בַּשֶּׁקֶר וְחִזְּקוּ יְדֵי מְרֵעִים לְבִלְתִּי־שָׁבוּ אִישׁ מֵרָעָתוֹ הָיוּ־לִי כֻלָּם כִּסְדֹם וְיֹשְׁבֶיהָ כַּעֲמֹרָה", "text": "*Ûbinbîʾê* *yərûšālaim* *rāʾîtî* *šaʿărûrâ* *nāʾôp̄* *wəhālōk* *baššeqer* *wəḥizzəqû* *yədê* *mərēʿîm* *ləbiltî*-*šābû* *ʾîš* *mērāʿātô* *hāyû*-*lî* *kullām* *kisdōm* *wəyōšəbêhā* *kaʿămōrâ*", "grammar": { "*Ûbinbîʾê*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural construct - and in the prophets of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have seen", "*šaʿărûrâ*": "feminine singular noun - horrible thing", "*nāʾôp̄*": "qal infinitive absolute - committing adultery", "*wəhālōk*": "conjunction + qal infinitive absolute - and walking", "*baššeqer*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the falsehood/lie", "*wəḥizzəqû*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd person common plural - and they strengthen", "*yədê*": "feminine dual construct - hands of", "*mərēʿîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - evildoers", "*ləbiltî*": "preposition + conjunction - so that not", "*šābû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they return/repent", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man", "*mērāʿātô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his evil", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they have become", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*kullām*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*kisdōm*": "preposition + proper noun - like Sodom", "*wəyōšəbêhā*": "conjunction + qal participle masculine plural construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her inhabitants", "*kaʿămōrâ*": "preposition + proper noun - like Gomorrah" }, "variants": { "*šaʿărûrâ*": "horrible thing/shocking thing/disgusting thing", "*nāʾôp̄*": "committing adultery/being unfaithful", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*ḥizzəqû*": "strengthen/encourage/support", "*mərēʿîm*": "evildoers/those doing evil", "*šābû*": "return/repent/turn back" } }
• Jer 25:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.9", "source": "הִנְנִ֣י שֹׁלֵ֡חַ וְלָקַחְתִּי֩ אֶת־כָּל־מִשְׁפְּח֨וֹת צָפ֜וֹן נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה וְאֶל־נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֮ עַבְדִּי֒ וַהֲבִ֨אֹתִ֜ים עַל־הָאָ֤רֶץ הַזֹּאת֙ וְעַל־יֹ֣שְׁבֶ֔יהָ וְעַ֛ל כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה סָבִ֑יב וְהַ֣חֲרַמְתִּ֔ים וְשַׂמְתִּים֙ לְשַׁמָּ֣ה וְלִשְׁרֵקָ֔ה וּלְחָרְב֖וֹת עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "Behold me *šōlēaḥ* and *lāqaḥtî* *ʾet* all *mišpĕḥôt* of *ṣāpôn* *nĕʾum*-*YHWH*, and unto *Nĕbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*Bābel* my *ʿabdî*, and *wahăbîʾōtîm* upon the *ʾāreṣ* the this and upon *yōšĕbêhā* and upon all the *gôyîm* the these around, and *haḥăramtîm* and *śamtîm* for *šammāh* and for *šĕrēqāh* and for *ḥārbôt* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*šōlēaḥ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - sending", "*lāqaḥtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st singular - I will take", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mišpĕḥôt*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - families/clans", "*ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - north", "*nĕʾum*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*Nĕbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʿabdî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + 1st singular suffix - my servant", "*wahăbîʾōtîm*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular + 3rd plural suffix - and I will bring them", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land/earth", "*yōšĕbêhā*": "verb participle, qal active, masculine plural construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her inhabitants", "*gôyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*haḥăramtîm*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular + 3rd plural suffix - I will utterly destroy them", "*śamtîm*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st singular + 3rd plural suffix - I will make them", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - horror/appalment", "*šĕrēqāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - hissing/derision", "*ḥārbôt*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - ruins/wastes", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine, singular - forever/eternity" }, "variants": { "*šōlēaḥ*": "sending/dispatching", "*lāqaḥtî*": "I will take/fetch/receive", "*mišpĕḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*ṣāpôn*": "north/northern region", "*nĕʾum*": "declaration/oracle/utterance", "*ʿabdî*": "my servant/slave", "*wahăbîʾōtîm*": "and I will bring them/lead them", "*haḥăramtîm*": "I will utterly destroy them/devote them to destruction", "*śamtîm*": "I will make them/set them/place them", "*šammāh*": "horror/appalment/astonishment", "*šĕrēqāh*": "hissing/derision/mockery", "*ḥārbôt*": "ruins/wastes/desolation", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/perpetuity/ancient time" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.10", "source": "וְהַאֲבַדְתִּ֣י מֵהֶ֗ם ק֤וֹל שָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְק֣וֹל שִׂמְחָ֔ה ק֥וֹל חָתָ֖ן וְק֣וֹל כַּלָּ֑ה ק֥וֹל רֵחַ֖יִם וְא֥וֹר נֵֽר׃", "text": "And *haʾăbadtî* from them *qôl* *śāśôn* and *qôl* *śimḥāh*, *qôl* *ḥātān* and *qôl* *kallāh*, *qôl* *rēḥayim* and *ʾôr* *nēr*.", "grammar": { "*haʾăbadtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will destroy/eliminate", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - voice/sound", "*śāśôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - joy/gladness", "*śimḥāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - joy/gladness", "*ḥātān*": "noun, masculine, singular - bridegroom", "*kallāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - bride", "*rēḥayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - millstones", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - light", "*nēr*": "noun, masculine, singular - lamp" }, "variants": { "*haʾăbadtî*": "I will destroy/eliminate/cause to perish", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth", "*rēḥayim*": "millstones/grinding stones", "*ʾôr*": "light/illumination", "*nēr*": "lamp/light" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.11", "source": "וְהָֽיְתָה֙ כָּל־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את לְחָרְבָּ֖ה לְשַׁמָּ֑ה וְעָ֨בְד֜וּ הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֛לֶּה אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃", "text": "And *hāyĕtāh* all the *ʾāreṣ* the this for *ḥārbāh* for *šammāh*, and *ʿābĕdû* the *gôyîm* the these *ʾet* *melek* *Bābel* seventy *šānāh*.", "grammar": { "*hāyĕtāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - will become", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land/earth", "*ḥārbāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - waste/desolation", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - horror/appalment", "*ʿābĕdû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will serve", "*gôyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - year" }, "variants": { "*hāyĕtāh*": "will become/will be", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*ḥārbāh*": "waste/desolation/ruins", "*šammāh*": "horror/appalment/astonishment", "*ʿābĕdû*": "they will serve/work for/be enslaved to" } } 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.12", "source": "וְהָיָ֣ה כִמְלֹ֣אות שִׁבְעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֡ה אֶפְקֹ֣ד עַל־מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֩ וְעַל־הַגּ֨וֹי הַה֧וּא נְאֻם־יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־עֲוֺנָ֖ם וְעַל־אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֑ים וְשַׂמְתִּ֥י אֹת֖וֹ לְשִֽׁמְמ֥וֹת עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And *hāyāh* as *kimlōʾôt* seventy *šānāh* *ʾepqōd* upon *melek*-*Bābel* and upon the *gôy* the that *nĕʾum*-*YHWH* *ʾet* their *ʿăwōnām* and upon *ʾereṣ* *Kaśdîm*, and *śamtî* *ʾōtô* for *šimĕmôt* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will happen", "*kimlōʾôt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - at fulfilling/completing", "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - year", "*ʾepqōd*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will visit/punish", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine, singular - nation", "*nĕʾum*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿăwōnām*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd plural suffix - their iniquity", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*Kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans", "*śamtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st singular - I will make", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - it", "*šimĕmôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - desolations", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine, singular - forever/eternity" }, "variants": { "*hāyāh*": "it will happen/come to pass", "*kimlōʾôt*": "as fulfilling/when completing", "*ʾepqōd*": "I will visit/punish/attend to", "*gôy*": "nation/people", "*nĕʾum*": "declaration/oracle/utterance", "*ʿăwōnām*": "their iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*Kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians", "*śamtî*": "I will make/set/place", "*šimĕmôt*": "desolations/wasteland", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/perpetuity/ancient time" } } 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.13", "source": "*והבאיתי **וְהֵֽבֵאתִי֙ עַל־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַהִ֔יא אֶת־כָּל־דְּבָרַ֖י אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֣רְתִּי עָלֶ֑יהָ אֵ֤ת כָּל־הַכָּתוּב֙ בַּסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נִבָּ֥א יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ עַל־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִֽם׃", "text": "And *hēbēʾtî* upon the *ʾāreṣ* the that *ʾet* all my *dĕbāray* which *dibbartî* upon it, *ʾēt* all the *kātûb* in the *sēper* the this, which *nibbāʾ* *Yirmĕyāhû* upon all the *gôyîm*.", "grammar": { "*hēbēʾtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will bring", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land/earth", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dĕbāray*": "noun, masculine, plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my words", "*dibbartî*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st singular - I spoke", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kātûb*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine singular - written", "*sēper*": "noun, masculine, singular - book/scroll", "*nibbāʾ*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - prophesied", "*Yirmĕyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*gôyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations" }, "variants": { "*hēbēʾtî*": "I will bring/cause to come", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*dĕbāray*": "my words/matters/things", "*dibbartî*": "I spoke/declared", "*kātûb*": "written/recorded", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document", "*nibbāʾ*": "prophesied/foretold", "*gôyîm*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.14", "source": "כִּ֣י עָֽבְדוּ־בָ֤ם גַּם־הֵ֙מָּה֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים וּמְלָכִ֖ים גְּדוֹלִ֑ים וְשִׁלַּמְתִּ֥י לָהֶ֛ם כְּפָעֳלָ֖ם וּכְמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְדֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "For *ʿābədû* in them *gam*-they *gôyīm* many and *mə̄lāḵîm* great, and *wəšillamtî* to them according to their *pāʿŏlām* and according to *maʿăśēh* their hands.", "grammar": { "*ʿābədû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they served/enslaved", "*gam*": "emphatic particle - also/even", "*gôyīm*": "masculine plural noun - nations/peoples", "*mə̄lāḵîm*": "masculine plural noun - kings", "*wəšillamtî*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will repay/recompense", "*pāʿŏlām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their deed/work", "*maʿăśēh*": "masculine singular construct - work/deed of" }, "variants": { "*ʿābədû*": "served/enslaved/made to work", "*gôyīm*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*wəšillamtî*": "I will repay/recompense/requite", "*pāʿŏlām*": "their deed/action/work" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.15", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֵלַ֔י קַ֠ח אֶת־כּ֨וֹס הַיַּ֧יִן הַחֵמָ֛ה הַזֹּ֖את מִיָּדִ֑י וְהִשְׁקִיתָ֤ה אֹתוֹ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י שֹׁלֵ֥חַ אוֹתְךָ֖ אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl* to me, *qaḥ* *ʾet*-cup of the *yayin* the *ḥēmâ* the this from my hand, and *hišqîtâ* it *ʾet*-all-the-*gôyīm* whom *ʾānōḵî* *šōlēaḥ* you to them.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qaḥ*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - take", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - wine", "*ḥēmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - wrath/fury", "*hišqîtâ*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall cause to drink", "*gôyīm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - nations/peoples", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šōlēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - sending" }, "variants": { "*ḥēmâ*": "wrath/fury/anger/rage", "*hišqîtâ*": "cause to drink/make drink/give drink", "*gôyīm*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*šōlēaḥ*": "sending/dispatching" } } 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.16", "source": "וְשָׁת֕וּ וְהִֽתְגֹּֽעֲשׁ֖וּ וְהִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ מִפְּנֵ֣י הַחֶ֔רֶב אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י שֹׁלֵ֖חַ בֵּינֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And *šātû* and *hitgōʿăšû* and *hithōlālû* from before the *ḥereb* which *ʾānōḵî* *šōlēaḥ* among them.", "grammar": { "*šātû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - and they will drink", "*hitgōʿăšû*": "Hithpael perfect, 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - and they will reel/stagger", "*hithōlālû*": "Hithpael perfect, 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - and they will act madly/be mad", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - sword", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šōlēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - sending" }, "variants": { "*hitgōʿăšû*": "reel/stagger/be tossed to and fro", "*hithōlālû*": "act madly/be insane/act like fools", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/destruction", "*šōlēaḥ*": "sending/dispatching/letting loose" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.17", "source": "וָאֶקַּ֥ח אֶת־הַכּ֖וֹס מִיַּ֣ד יְהוָ֑ה וָֽאַשְׁקֶה֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־שְׁלָחַ֥נִי יְהוָ֖ה אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *ʾeqqaḥ* *ʾet*-the-cup from hand of *YHWH*, and *ʾašqeh* *ʾet*-all-the-*gôyīm* whom-*šəlāḥanî* *YHWH* to them.", "grammar": { "*ʾeqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I took", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾašqeh*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I caused to drink", "*gôyīm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - nations/peoples", "*šəlāḥanî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - sent me" }, "variants": { "*ʾeqqaḥ*": "took/received/got", "*ʾašqeh*": "caused to drink/made drink/gave drink", "*gôyīm*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*šəlāḥanî*": "sent me/dispatched me" } } 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.18", "source": "אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וְאֶת־עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וְאֶת־מְלָכֶ֖יהָ אֶת־שָׂרֶ֑יהָ לָתֵ֨ת אֹתָ֜ם לְחָרְבָּ֧ה לְשַׁמָּ֛ה לִשְׁרֵקָ֥ה וְלִקְלָלָ֖ה כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*ʾet*-*Yərûšālaim* and *ʾet*-cities of *Yəhûdâ* and *ʾet*-their *məlāḵehā* *ʾet*-their *śārehā* to *lātēt* them for *ḥārbâ* for *šammâ* for *širēqâ* and for *qəlālâ* as the day the this.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*Yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*məlāḵehā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her kings", "*śārehā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her princes/officials", "*lātēt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to give/make", "*ḥārbâ*": "feminine singular noun with preposition - for desolation", "*šammâ*": "feminine singular noun with preposition - for astonishment", "*širēqâ*": "feminine singular noun with preposition - for hissing", "*qəlālâ*": "feminine singular noun with preposition - for curse" }, "variants": { "*məlāḵehā*": "her kings/rulers", "*śārehā*": "her princes/officials/nobles", "*lātēt*": "to give/place/put/make", "*ḥārbâ*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*šammâ*": "astonishment/horror/waste", "*širēqâ*": "hissing/derision/mockery", "*qəlālâ*": "curse/cursing" } } 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.19", "source": "אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֧ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֛יִם וְאֶת־עֲבָדָ֥יו וְאֶת־שָׂרָ֖יו וְאֶת־כָּל־עַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ʾet*-*Parʿōh* king-of-*Miṣrayim* and *ʾet*-his *ʿăbādāyw* and *ʾet*-his *śārāyw* and *ʾet*-all-his *ʿammô*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*śārāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his princes/officials", "*ʿammô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people" }, "variants": { "*Parʿōh*": "Pharaoh (title of Egyptian king)", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "his servants/slaves/officials", "*śārāyw*": "his princes/officials/nobles", "*ʿammô*": "his people/nation/folk" } } 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.20", "source": "וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הָעֶ֔רֶב וְאֵ֕ת כָּל־מַלְכֵ֖י אֶ֣רֶץ הָע֑וּץ וְאֵ֗ת כָּל־מַלְכֵי֙ אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְאֶת־אַשְׁקְל֤וֹן וְאֶת־עַזָּה֙ וְאֶת־עֶקְר֔וֹן וְאֵ֖ת שְׁאֵרִ֥ית אַשְׁדּֽוֹד׃", "text": "And *ʾēt* all-the-*ʿereb* and *ʾēt* all-kings of land of the *ʿûṣ* and *ʾēt* all-kings of land of *Pəlištîm* and *ʾet*-*ʾAšqəlôn* and *ʾet*-*ʿAzzâ* and *ʾet*-*ʿEqrôn* and *ʾēt* *šəʾērît* of *ʾAšdôd*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿereb*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - mixed multitude/foreigners", "*ʿûṣ*": "proper noun with definite article - Uz", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*ʾAšqəlôn*": "proper noun - Ashkelon", "*ʿAzzâ*": "proper noun - Gaza", "*ʿEqrôn*": "proper noun - Ekron", "*šəʾērît*": "feminine singular construct - remnant of", "*ʾAšdôd*": "proper noun - Ashdod" }, "variants": { "*ʿereb*": "mixed multitude/foreigners/mixture of people", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/rest" } } 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.21", "source": "אֶת־אֱד֥וֹם וְאֶת־מוֹאָ֖ב וְאֶת־בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃", "text": "*ʾet*-*ʾĔdôm* and *ʾet*-*Môʾāb* and *ʾet*-sons of *ʿAmmôn*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*ʿAmmôn*": "proper noun - Ammon" }, "variants": {} } 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.22", "source": "וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵי־צֹ֔ר וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י צִיד֑וֹן וְאֵת֙ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּעֵ֥בֶר הַיָּֽם׃", "text": "And *ʾēt* all-kings-of-*Ṣōr* and *ʾēt* all-kings of *Ṣîdôn* and *ʾēt* kings of the *ʾî* which in *ʿēber* the *yām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*Ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*Ṣîdôn*": "proper noun - Sidon", "*ʾî*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - coastland/island", "*ʿēber*": "masculine singular construct - region across/beyond", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - sea" }, "variants": { "*ʾî*": "coastland/island/shore", "*ʿēber*": "region across/beyond/side" } } 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.23", "source": "וְאֶת־דְּדָ֤ן וְאֶת־תֵּימָא֙ וְאֶת־בּ֔וּז וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־קְצוּצֵ֥י פֵאָֽה׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-*Dədān* and *ʾet*-*Têmāʾ* and *ʾet*-*Bûz* and *ʾēt* all-*qəṣûṣê* *pēʾâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Dədān*": "proper noun - Dedan", "*Têmāʾ*": "proper noun - Tema", "*Bûz*": "proper noun - Buz", "*qəṣûṣê*": "Qal passive participle, masculine plural construct - ones cut off of", "*pēʾâ*": "feminine singular noun - corner/side/edge" }, "variants": { "*qəṣûṣê pēʾâ*": "ones with corners [of hair] cut/those who clip the corners [of their hair]/edge dwellers" } } 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.24", "source": "וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י עֲרָ֑ב וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הָעֶ֔רֶב הַשֹּׁכְנִ֖ים בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "And *ʾēt* all-kings of *ʿĂrāb* and *ʾēt* all-kings of the *ʿereb* the *šōḵənîm* in the *midbār*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿĂrāb*": "proper noun - Arabia", "*ʿereb*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - mixed multitude/foreigners", "*šōḵənîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - dwelling/inhabiting", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - desert/wilderness" }, "variants": { "*ʿĂrāb*": "Arabia/Arabs", "*ʿereb*": "mixed multitude/foreigners/mixture of people", "*šōḵənîm*": "dwelling/inhabiting/residing", "*midbār*": "desert/wilderness/uninhabited land" } } 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.25", "source": "וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י זִמְרִ֗י וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י עֵילָ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־מַלְכֵ֥י מָדָֽי׃", "text": "And *ʾēt* all-kings of *Zimrî* and *ʾēt* all-kings of *ʿÊlām* and *ʾēt* all-kings of *Māday*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*Zimrî*": "proper noun - Zimri", "*ʿÊlām*": "proper noun - Elam", "*Māday*": "proper noun - Media" }, "variants": {} } 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.26", "source": "וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הַצָּפ֗וֹן הַקְּרֹבִ֤ים וְהָֽרְחֹקִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֔יו וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַמַּמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה וּמֶ֥לֶךְ שֵׁשַׁ֖ךְ יִשְׁתֶּ֥ה אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *ʾēt* all-kings of the *ṣāpôn* the *qərōbîm* and the *rəḥōqîm* *ʾîš* to-his brother, and *ʾēt* all-the-*mamlə̄ḵôt* the *ʾāreṣ* which upon-*pənê* the *ʾădāmâ*. And king *Šēšaḵ* *yišteh* after them.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ṣāpôn*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - north", "*qərōbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - near ones", "*rəḥōqîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - far ones", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each", "*mamlə̄ḵôt*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - kingdoms", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - earth/land", "*pənê*": "masculine plural construct - face of", "*ʾădāmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - ground/land", "*Šēšaḵ*": "proper noun - Sheshach (code name for Babylon)", "*yišteh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will drink" }, "variants": { "*ṣāpôn*": "north/northern [region]", "*qərōbîm*": "near ones/those who are near", "*rəḥōqîm*": "far ones/those who are far", "*ʾîš*": "man/each/each one", "*mamlə̄ḵôt*": "kingdoms/dominions", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*pənê*": "face of/surface of", "*ʾădāmâ*": "ground/land/earth", "*Šēšaḵ*": "Sheshach (cryptogram for Babylon using atbash cipher)" } } 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.27", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֡ם ס כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל שְׁת֤וּ וְשִׁכְרוּ֙ וּקְי֔וּ וְנִפְל֖וּ וְלֹ֣א תָק֑וּמוּ מִפְּנֵ֣י הַחֶ֔רֶב אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י שֹׁלֵ֖חַ בֵּינֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *ʾāmartā* to them, thus-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl*, *šətû* and *šiḵrû* and *qəyû* and *niflû* and not *tāqûmû* from before the *ḥereb* which *ʾānōḵî* *šōlēaḥ* among you.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šətû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - drink", "*šiḵrû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - be drunk", "*qəyû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - vomit", "*niflû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - fall", "*tāqûmû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will rise/stand", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - sword", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šōlēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - sending" }, "variants": { "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*šətû*": "drink/consume", "*šiḵrû*": "be drunk/be intoxicated", "*qəyû*": "vomit/spew out", "*niflû*": "fall/fall down/collapse", "*tāqûmû*": "rise/stand/get up", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/destruction", "*šōlēaḥ*": "sending/dispatching" } } 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.28", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כִּ֧י יְמָאֲנ֛וּ לָקַֽחַת־הַכּ֥וֹס מִיָּדְךָ֖ לִשְׁתּ֑וֹת וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֛ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שָׁת֥וֹ תִשְׁתּֽוּ׃", "text": "And *hāyâ* if they *yəmāʾănû* to take-the-cup from your hand to *lištôt*, and *ʾāmartā* to them, thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*, *šātô* *tištû*.", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it will be", "*yəmāʾănû*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will refuse", "*lištôt*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to drink", "*ʾāmartā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*šātô*": "Qal infinitive absolute - drinking", "*tištû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will drink" }, "variants": { "*yəmāʾănû*": "refuse/decline/be unwilling", "*lištôt*": "to drink/to consume", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*šātô tištû*": "you shall surely drink/drinking you will drink (emphatic construction)" } } 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.29", "source": "כִּי֩ הִנֵּ֨ה בָעִ֜יר אַשֶׁ֧ר נִֽקְרָא־שְׁמִ֣י עָלֶ֗יהָ אָֽנֹכִי֙ מֵחֵ֣ל לְהָרַ֔ע וְאַתֶּ֖ם הִנָּקֵ֣ה תִנָּק֑וּ לֹ֣א תִנָּק֔וּ כִּ֣י חֶ֗רֶב אֲנִ֤י קֹרֵא֙ עַל־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ נְאֻ֖ם יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "For behold, in the *ʿîr* which *niqrāʾ*-my *šəmî* upon it, *ʾānōḵî* *mēḥēl* to *hāraʿ*, and you *hinnāqēh* *tinnāqû*? Not *tinnāqû*! For *ḥereb* *ʾănî* *qōrēʾ* upon-all-*yōšəbê* the *ʾāreṣ*, *nə'um* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*.", "grammar": { "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - city", "*niqrāʾ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is called", "*šəmî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*mēḥēl*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - beginning", "*hāraʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to bring evil/harm", "*hinnāqēh*": "Niphal infinitive absolute - being unpunished", "*tinnāqû*": "Niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will be unpunished/go free", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*qōrēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - calling", "*yōšəbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - earth/land", "*nə'um*": "masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*mēḥēl*": "beginning/starting/commencing", "*hāraʿ*": "to bring evil/to harm/to do damage", "*hinnāqēh tinnāqû*": "being unpunished you will go unpunished? (idiom for 'will you go completely unpunished?')", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/destruction", "*qōrēʾ*": "calling/summoning/proclaiming", "*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants of/dwellers in/residents of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*nə'um*": "declaration of/utterance of/oracle of", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes" } }
• Jer 36:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.36.6", "source": "וּבָאתָ֣ אַתָּ֡ה וְקָרָ֣אתָ בַמְּגִלָּ֣ה אֲשֶׁר־כָּתַֽבְתָּ־מִפִּי֩ אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֨י יְהוָ֜ה בְּאָזְנֵ֥י הָעָ֛ם בֵּ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה בְּי֣וֹם צ֑וֹם וְגַ֨ם בְּאָזְנֵ֧י כָל־יְהוּדָ֛ה הַבָּאִ֥ים מֵעָרֵיהֶ֖ם תִּקְרָאֵֽם", "text": "And-*ûbāʾtā* you and-*qārāʾtā* in-the-*məgillāh* which-*kātabtā*-from-my-mouth *ʾet*-*dibrê* *Yəhwāh* in-ears-of the-*ʿām* *bêt* *Yəhwāh* in-day-of *ṣôm*; and-also in-ears-of all-*Yəhûdāh* the-*bāʾîm* from-*ʿārêhem* *tiqrāʾēm*", "grammar": { "*ûbāʾtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular with conjunction - and you shall go/come", "*qārāʾtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular with conjunction - and you shall read", "*məgillāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the scroll", "*kātabtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you wrote", "*dibrê*": "construct state, masculine plural - words of", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʿām*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*ṣôm*": "common noun, masculine singular - fast", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*bāʾîm*": "participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones coming", "*ʿārêhem*": "common noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cities", "*tiqrāʾēm*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - you shall read them" }, "variants": { "*qārāʾtā*": "you shall read/you shall proclaim", "*məgillāh*": "scroll/roll/volume", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/crowd", "*bāʾîm*": "coming/entering/arriving" } }
• Jer 36:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.36.23", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כִּקְר֣וֹא יְהוּדִ֗י שָׁלֹ֣שׁ דְּלָתוֹת֮ וְאַרְבָּעָה֒ יִֽקְרָעֶ֙הָ֙ בְּתַ֣עַר הַסֹּפֵ֔ר וְהַשְׁלֵ֕ךְ אֶל־הָאֵ֖שׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶל־הָאָ֑ח עַד־תֹּם֙ כָּל־הַמְּגִלָּ֔ה עַל־הָאֵ֖שׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽח׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* when-*qiyrōʾ* *Yəhûdî* three *dəlātôṯ* and-four, *yiqrāʿehā* with-*taʿar* the-*sōpēr* and-*hašlēk* to-the-*ʾēš* which was-on-the-*ʾāḥ*, until *tōm* all-the-*məgillāh* upon-the-*ʾēš* which was-on-the-*ʾāḥ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of היה - and it happened", "*qiyrōʾ*": "Qal infinitive construct + prefix כ - when reading", "*dəlātôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - columns/pages/doors", "*yiqrāʿehā*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - he tore it", "*taʿar*": "masculine singular noun - knife/razor", "*hašlēk*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - casting/throwing", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*tōm*": "infinitive construct of תמם - being consumed/finished" }, "variants": { "*dəlātôṯ*": "columns/pages/doors/leaves", "*taʿar*": "knife/razor/penknife", "*hašlēk*": "casting/throwing/flinging", "*tōm*": "being consumed/finished/completed" } }
• Jer 51:60 : 60 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.60", "source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב יִרְמְיָ֗הוּ אֵ֧ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־תָּב֥וֹא אֶל־בָּבֶ֖ל אֶל־סֵ֣פֶר אֶחָ֑ד אֵ֚ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַכְּתֻבִ֖ים אֶל־בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "*wayyiḵtōḇ* *yirmiyāhû* *ʾēt* *kol*-*hārāʿāh* *ʾăšer*-*tāḇôʾ* *ʾel*-*bāḇel* *ʾel*-*sēper* *ʾeḥād* *ʾēt* *kol*-*haddəḇārîm* *hāʾēlleh* *hakkətuḇîm* *ʾel*-*bāḇel*", "grammar": { "*wayyiḵtōḇ*": "Waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he wrote", "*yirmiyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*hārāʿāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the disaster/evil", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*tāḇôʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - would come", "*ʾel*": "preposition - against/to", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʾel*": "preposition - on/into", "*sēper*": "masculine singular noun - scroll/book", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*haddəḇārîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the words", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun common plural - these", "*hakkətuḇîm*": "definite article + Qal passive participle masculine plural - the (ones) written", "*ʾel*": "preposition - against/concerning", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*hārāʿāh*": "the disaster/the evil/the calamity", "*sēper*": "scroll/book/document" } }
• Ezek 2:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.2.9", "source": "וָאֶרְאֶ֕ה וְהִנֵּה־יָ֖ד שְׁלוּחָ֣ה אֵלָ֑י וְהִנֵּה־ב֖וֹ מְגִלַּת־סֵֽפֶר׃", "text": "And *wā-ʾerʾeh* and behold *yād* *šəlûḥâ* unto me, and behold in it *məgillat-sēper*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾerʾeh*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I saw", "*yād*": "noun feminine singular - hand", "*šəlûḥâ*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - sent out/extended", "*məgillat-sēper*": "noun feminine singular construct + noun masculine singular - scroll of book/writing" }, "variants": { "*məgillat-sēper*": "scroll of a book/written scroll/roll of writing" } }
• Ezek 3:1-3 : 1 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.3.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־תִּמְצָ֖א אֱכ֑וֹל אֱכוֹל֙ אֶת־הַמְּגִלָּ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את וְלֵ֥ךְ דַּבֵּ֖ר אֶל־בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, *ben-ʾādām*, *ʾēt* what *ʾăšer-timṣāʾ* *ʾĕkôl*; *ʾĕkôl* *ʾet-hammegillāh* *hazzōʾt* and *lēk* *dabbēr* to *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ben-ʾādām*": "construct state - son of man", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer-timṣāʾ*": "relative pronoun + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - that you find", "*ʾĕkôl*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - eat!", "*ʾet-hammegillāh*": "direct object marker + definite article + feminine singular noun - the scroll", "*hazzōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go!", "*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak!", "*bêt*": "construct state - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/commanded", "*ben-ʾādām*": "son of man/human/mortal one", "*ʾĕkôl*": "eat/consume/devour", "*megillāh*": "scroll/roll/book", "*dabbēr*": "speak/talk/declare" } } 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.3.2", "source": "וָאֶפְתַּ֖ח אֶת־פִּ֑י וַיַּ֣אֲכִלֵ֔נִי אֵ֖ת הַמְּגִלָּ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת׃", "text": "And *wāʾeptaḥ* *ʾet-pî* and *wayyaʾăkîlēnî* *ʾēt* *hammegillāh* *hazzōʾt*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾeptaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I opened", "*ʾet-pî*": "direct object marker + noun with 1st person singular suffix - my mouth", "*wayyaʾăkîlēnî*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and he caused me to eat/fed me", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hammegillāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the scroll", "*hazzōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*wāʾeptaḥ*": "and I opened/uncovered", "*wayyaʾăkîlēnî*": "and he fed me/caused me to eat/made me consume", "*megillāh*": "scroll/roll/book" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.3.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י בֶּן־אָדָם֙ בִּטְנְךָ֤ תַֽאֲכֵל֙ וּמֵעֶ֣יךָ תְמַלֵּ֔א אֵ֚ת הַמְּגִלָּ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֖י נֹתֵ֣ן אֵלֶ֑יךָ וָאֹ֣כְלָ֔ה וַתְּהִ֥י בְּפִ֖י כִּדְבַ֥שׁ לְמָתֽוֹק׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, *ben-ʾādām*, your *biṭnekā* *taʾăkēl* and your *mēʿêkā* *temalēʾ* *ʾēt* *hammegillāh* *hazzōʾt* *ʾăšer* I *nōtēn* to you. And *wāʾōkelāh*, and *wattehî* in my *pî* as *kidbaš* for *lemātôq*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ben-ʾādām*": "construct state - son of man", "*biṭnekā*": "noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your stomach/belly", "*taʾăkēl*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will eat", "*mēʿêkā*": "noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your intestines/bowels", "*temalēʾ*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will fill", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hammegillāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the scroll", "*hazzōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*nōtēn*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - giving", "*wāʾōkelāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I ate", "*wattehî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it was", "*pî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my mouth", "*kidbaš*": "preposition + noun - like honey", "*lemātôq*": "preposition + adjective - for sweetness" }, "variants": { "*biṭnekā*": "your belly/stomach/abdomen", "*taʾăkēl*": "you will eat/consume/devour", "*mēʿêkā*": "your bowels/intestines/inner parts", "*temalēʾ*": "you will fill/complete/satisfy", "*nōtēn*": "giving/placing/putting", "*wāʾōkelāh*": "and I ate/consumed/devoured", "*wattehî*": "and it was/became/happened", "*kidbaš*": "like honey/sweetness", "*lemātôq*": "for sweetness/pleasantness" } }
• Hos 8:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Hosea.8.12", "source": "אֶ֨כְתָּב־ל֔וֹ רֻבֵּ֖י תּֽוֹרָתִ֑י כְּמוֹ־זָ֖ר נֶחְשָֽׁבוּ׃", "text": "*ʾeḵtāḇ*-to him *rubbê* *tôrāṯî*; like-*zār* *neḥšāḇû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾeḵtāḇ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I write", "*rubbê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - multitude of", "*tôrāṯî*": "noun, feminine, singular with 1st person singular suffix - my law/instruction", "*zār*": "adjective, masculine, singular absolute - strange/foreign", "*neḥšāḇû*": "verb, nifal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are regarded" }, "variants": { "*ʾeḵtāḇ*": "I write/inscribe/wrote [variant reading: if I wrote]", "*rubbê*": "multitude of/many/ten thousand", "*tôrāṯî*": "my law/my instruction/my teaching", "*zār*": "strange/foreign/alien thing", "*neḥšāḇû*": "they are regarded/considered/reckoned" } }
• Hab 2:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.2", "source": "וַיַּעֲנֵ֤נִי יְהוָה֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר כְּת֣וֹב חָז֔וֹן וּבָאֵ֖ר עַל־הַלֻּח֑וֹת לְמַ֥עַן יָר֖וּץ ק֥וֹרֵא בֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *yaʿănēnî* *YHWH* and *yōʾmer kĕtôb ḥāzôn* and *bāʾēr* upon *hallūḥôt* in order that *yārûṣ qôrēʾ* in it.", "grammar": { "*yaʿănēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he answered me", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*yōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*kĕtôb*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - write", "*ḥāzôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - vision", "*bāʾēr*": "verb, piel imperative, masculine singular - make clear/explain/engrave", "*hallūḥôt*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the tablets", "*yārûṣ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he may run", "*qôrēʾ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - one reading" }, "variants": { "*bāʾēr*": "make plain/make clear/engrave distinctly", "*hallūḥôt*": "tablets/boards/plates", "*yārûṣ*": "may run/run swiftly/read quickly", "*qôrēʾ*": "reader/herald/one who proclaims" } } 3 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.3", "source": "כִּ֣י ע֤וֹד חָזוֹן֙ לַמּוֹעֵ֔ד וְיָפֵ֥חַ לַקֵּ֖ץ וְלֹ֣א יְכַזֵּ֑ב אִם־יִתְמַהְמָהּ֙ חַכֵּה־ל֔וֹ כִּֽי־בֹ֥א יָבֹ֖א לֹ֥א יְאַחֵֽר׃", "text": "For still *ḥāzôn* for *hammôʿēd* and *yāpēaḥ* to *haqqēṣ* and not *yĕkazzēb* if *yitmahĕmahh ḥakkēh* for it for *bōʾ yābōʾ* not *yĕʾaḥēr*.", "grammar": { "*ḥāzôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - vision", "*hammôʿēd*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the appointed time", "*yāpēaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it pants/hastens/speaks", "*haqqēṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the end", "*yĕkazzēb*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will lie/deceive", "*yitmahĕmahh*": "verb, hithpalpel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it tarries/delays", "*ḥakkēh*": "verb, piel imperative, masculine singular - wait", "*bōʾ yābōʾ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - surely come", "*yĕʾaḥēr*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will delay" }, "variants": { "*hammôʿēd*": "appointed time/fixed time/festival", "*yāpēaḥ*": "pants/hastens/speaks/testifies", "*haqqēṣ*": "the end/conclusion/appointed time", "*bōʾ yābōʾ*": "surely coming/definitely will come" } }
• Zech 5:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "Zechariah.5.1", "source": "וָאָשׁ֕וּב וָאֶשָּׂ֥א עֵינַ֖י וָֽאֶרְאֶ֑ה וְהִנֵּ֖ה מְגִלָּ֥ה עָפָֽה׃", "text": "And *wāʾāšûḇ* and *wāʾeśśāʾ* *ʿênay* and *wāʾerʾeh* and *wəhinnēh* *məgillāh* *ʿāp̄āh*", "grammar": { "*wāʾāšûḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I returned/turned again", "*wāʾeśśāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I lifted up", "*ʿênay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my eyes", "*wāʾerʾeh*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I saw", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*məgillāh*": "noun, feminine singular absolute - scroll/roll", "*ʿāp̄āh*": "adjective, feminine singular - flying" }, "variants": { "*wāʾāšûḇ*": "I turned again/returned/looked again", "*məgillāh*": "scroll/roll/volume", "*ʿāp̄āh*": "flying/floating/soaring" } } 2 { "verseID": "Zechariah.5.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י מָ֥ה אַתָּ֖ה רֹאֶ֑ה וָאֹמַ֗ר אֲנִ֤י רֹאֶה֙ מְגִלָּ֣ה עָפָ֔ה אָרְכָּהּ֙ עֶשְׂרִ֣ים בָּֽאַמָּ֔ה וְרָחְבָּ֖הּ עֶ֥שֶׂר בָּאַמָּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, What *ʾattāh* *rōʾeh*? And *wāʾōmar*, I *ʾănî* *rōʾeh* *məgillāh* *ʿāp̄āh*, *ʾārekāh* twenty *bāʾammāh* and *rāḥbāh* ten *bāʾammāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*rōʾeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - seeing", "*wāʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*məgillāh*": "noun, feminine singular absolute - scroll/roll", "*ʿāp̄āh*": "adjective, feminine singular - flying", "*ʾārekāh*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its length", "*bāʾammāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in the cubit", "*rāḥbāh*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its width" }, "variants": { "*məgillāh*": "scroll/roll/volume", "*ʿāp̄āh*": "flying/floating/soaring", "*ʾammāh*": "cubit/forearm (unit of measurement)" } } 3 { "verseID": "Zechariah.5.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י זֹ֚את הָֽאָלָ֔ה הַיּוֹצֵ֖את עַל־פְּנֵ֣י כָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּ֣י כָל־הַגֹּנֵ֗ב מִזֶּה֙ כָּמ֣וֹהָ נִקָּ֔ה וְכָל־הַ֨נִּשְׁבָּ֔ע מִזֶּ֖ה כָּמ֥וֹהָ נִקָּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, This *zōʾṯ* the *hāʾālāh* the *hayyôṣēʾṯ* over *ʿal*-*pənê* all-the *hāʾāreṣ*; for all-the *haggōnēḇ* from this *mizzeh* according to it *kāmôhā* *niqqāh*, and all-the *hannišbāʿ* from this *mizzeh* according to it *kāmôhā* *niqqāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*hāʾālāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the curse/oath", "*hayyôṣēʾṯ*": "definite article + qal participle, feminine singular - the one going out", "*ʿal-pənê*": "preposition + construct noun, masculine plural - over the face of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*haggōnēḇ*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the one stealing", "*mizzeh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun - from this", "*kāmôhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - like it", "*niqqāh*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is cleansed/acquitted/emptied", "*hannišbāʿ*": "definite article + niphal participle, masculine singular - the one swearing" }, "variants": { "*ʾālāh*": "curse/oath/imprecation", "*yôṣēʾṯ*": "going out/forth/proceeding", "*niqqāh*": "cleansed/acquitted/cut off/emptied", "*gōnēḇ*": "stealing/thief", "*nišbāʿ*": "swearing/taking an oath" } } 4 { "verseID": "Zechariah.5.4", "source": "הוֹצֵאתִ֗יהָ נְאֻם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וּבָ֙אָה֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית הַגַּנָּ֔ב וְאֶל־בֵּ֛ית הַנִּשְׁבָּ֥ע בִּשְׁמִ֖י לַשָּׁ֑קֶר וְלָ֙נֶה֙ בְּת֣וֹךְ בֵּית֔וֹ וְכִלַּ֖תּוּ וְאֶת־עֵצָ֥יו וְאֶת־אֲבָנָֽיו׃", "text": "I have *hôṣēʾṯîhā* *nəʾum* *Yəhwāh* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* and it *ûḇāʾāh* to-*ʾel* house-*bêṯ* the *haggannāḇ* and to-*ʾel* house-*bêṯ* the *hannišbāʿ* in *bišmî* to the *laššāqer* and it *wəlāneh* in *bəṯôḵ* house-*bêṯô* and *wəḵillattû* and *ʾeṯ*-timbers-*ʿēṣāyw* and *ʾeṯ*-stones-*ʾăḇānāyw*", "grammar": { "*hôṣēʾṯîhā*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I brought/caused it to go out", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine singular - declaration of", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - hosts/armies", "*ûḇāʾāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will enter/come", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/into", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*haggannāḇ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the thief", "*hannišbāʿ*": "definite article + niphal participle, masculine singular - the one swearing", "*bišmî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my name", "*laššāqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the falsehood", "*wəlāneh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will lodge/remain", "*bəṯôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*bêṯô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*wəḵillattû*": "conjunction + piel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and it will consume/destroy it", "*ʿēṣāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its timbers", "*ʾăḇānāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its stones" }, "variants": { "*hôṣēʾṯîhā*": "I brought it forth/sent it out/released it", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/oracle/utterance", "*gannāḇ*": "thief/stealer", "*nišbāʿ*": "one who swears/takes an oath", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*lāneh*": "lodge/remain/spend the night", "*killattû*": "consume/destroy/finish it" } }
• Rev 5:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.1", "source": "¶Καὶ εἶδον ἐπὶ τὴν δεξιὰν τοῦ καθημένου ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου βιβλίον γεγραμμένον ἔσωθεν καὶ ὄπισθεν, κατεσφραγισμένον σφραγῖσιν ἑπτά.", "text": "And I *eidon* upon the *dexian* of the one *kathēmenou* upon the *thronou* *biblion* *gegrammenon* *esōthen* and *opisthen*, *katesphragismenon* with *sphragisin* seven.", "grammar": { "*eidon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - saw/perceived [point action]", "*dexian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - right hand", "*kathēmenou*": "present middle participle, genitive, masculine, singular - seated/sitting one", "*thronou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - throne", "*biblion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - scroll/book", "*gegrammenon*": "perfect passive participle, accusative, neuter, singular - having been written", "*esōthen*": "adverb - within/inside", "*opisthen*": "adverb - behind/on the back side", "*katesphragismenon*": "perfect passive participle, accusative, neuter, singular - having been sealed completely", "*sphragisin*": "dative, feminine, plural - seals" }, "variants": { "*biblion*": "scroll/book/document", "*gegrammenon*": "written/inscribed/recorded", "*katesphragismenon*": "sealed up completely/secured with seals" } } 2 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.2", "source": "Καὶ εἶδον ἄγγελον ἰσχυρὸν κηρύσσοντα φωνῇ μεγάλῃ, Τίς ἐστιν ἄξιος ἀνοῖξαι τὸ βιβλίον, καὶ λῦσαι τὰς σφραγῖδας αὐτοῦ;", "text": "And I *eidon* *angelon* *ischyron* *kēryssonta* with *phōnē* *megalē*, Who *estin* *axios* to *anoixai* the *biblion*, and to *lysai* the *sphragidas* of it?", "grammar": { "*eidon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - saw/perceived [point action]", "*angelon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - angel/messenger", "*ischyron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - strong/mighty/powerful", "*kēryssonta*": "present active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - proclaiming/announcing", "*phōnē*": "dative, feminine, singular - voice/sound", "*megalē*": "dative, feminine, singular - loud/great", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*axios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - worthy/deserving", "*anoixai*": "aorist active infinitive - to open", "*biblion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - scroll/book", "*lysai*": "aorist active infinitive - to loose/break/unbind", "*sphragidas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - seals" }, "variants": { "*angelon*": "angel/messenger/envoy", "*kēryssonta*": "proclaiming/heralding/announcing publicly", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving/qualified", "*lysai*": "to loose/break/unbind/release" } } 3 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.3", "source": "Καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, οὐδὲ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, οὐδὲ ὑποκάτω τῆς γῆς, ἀνοῖξαι τὸ βιβλίον, οὐδὲ βλέπειν αὐτό.", "text": "And *oudeis* *edynato* in the *ouranō*, *oude* upon the *gēs*, *oude* *hypokatō* the *gēs*, to *anoixai* the *biblion*, *oude* to *blepein* it.", "grammar": { "*oudeis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - no one/nobody", "*edynato*": "imperfect middle indicative, 3rd person singular - was able/could [continuous]", "*ouranō*": "dative, masculine, singular - heaven/sky", "*oude*": "conjunction - nor/neither/not even", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*hypokatō*": "preposition with genitive - underneath/beneath", "*anoixai*": "aorist active infinitive - to open", "*biblion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - scroll/book", "*blepein*": "present active infinitive - to look at/see" }, "variants": { "*edynato*": "was able/could/had power", "*ouranō*": "heaven/sky/celestial realm", "*hypokatō*": "underneath/beneath/below" } } 4 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.4", "source": "Καὶ ἐγὼ ἔκλαιον πολύ, ὅτι οὐδεὶς ἄξιος εὑρέθη ἀνοῖξαι καὶ ἀναγνῶναι τὸ βιβλίον, οὔτε βλέπειν αὐτό.", "text": "And *egō* *eklaion* *poly*, because *oudeis* *axios* *heurethē* to *anoixai* and to *anagnōnai* the *biblion*, *oute* to *blepein* it.", "grammar": { "*egō*": "nominative, 1st person singular - I", "*eklaion*": "imperfect active indicative, 1st person singular - was weeping/crying [continuous]", "*poly*": "accusative, neuter, singular (adverbial) - much/greatly", "*oudeis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - no one/nobody", "*axios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - worthy/deserving", "*heurethē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was found", "*anoixai*": "aorist active infinitive - to open", "*anagnōnai*": "aorist active infinitive - to read", "*biblion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - scroll/book", "*oute*": "conjunction - nor/neither", "*blepein*": "present active infinitive - to look at/see" }, "variants": { "*eklaion*": "was weeping/was crying/was lamenting", "*heurethē*": "was found/was discovered", "*anagnōnai*": "to read/to recognize/to discern" } } 5 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.5", "source": "Καὶ εἷς ἐκ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων λέγει μοι, Μὴ κλαῖε: ἰδοὺ, ἐνίκησεν ὁ Λέων ὁ ἐκ τῆς φυλῆς Ἰούδα, ἡ Ῥίζα Δαυίδ, ἀνοῖξαι τὸ βιβλίον, καὶ λῦσαι τὰς ἑπτὰ σφραγῖδας αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And one from the *presbyterōn* *legei* to me, Not *klaie*: *idou*, *enikēsen* the *Leōn* the one from the *phylēs* of *Iouda*, the *Rhiza* of *David*, to *anoixai* the *biblion*, and to *lysai* the seven *sphragidas* of it.", "grammar": { "*presbyterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - elders", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says/tells", "*klaie*": "present active imperative, 2nd person singular - weep/cry [command]", "*idou*": "aorist middle imperative, 2nd person singular - behold/see/look", "*enikēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - conquered/prevailed/overcame", "*Leōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lion", "*phylēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - tribe/clan", "*Iouda*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Judah", "*Rhiza*": "nominative, feminine, singular - Root", "*anoixai*": "aorist active infinitive - to open", "*biblion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - scroll/book", "*lysai*": "aorist active infinitive - to loose/break", "*sphragidas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - seals" }, "variants": { "*presbyterōn*": "elders/older men/presbyters", "*enikēsen*": "conquered/prevailed/overcame/was victorious", "*Leōn*": "Lion [metaphorical title]", "*Rhiza*": "Root/Origin/Source [metaphorical title]" } } 6 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.6", "source": "Καὶ εἶδον, καὶ, ἰδού, ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ θρόνου καὶ τῶν τεσσάρων ζώων, καὶ ἐν μέσῳ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων, Ἀρνίον ἑστηκὸς ὡς ἐσφαγμένον, ἔχον κέρατα ἑπτὰ καὶ ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑπτά, οἵ εἰσιν τὰ ἑπτὰ Πνεύματα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀπεσταλμένα εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν.", "text": "And I *eidon*, and, *idou*, in *mesō* of the *thronou* and of the four *zōōn*, and in *mesō* of the *presbyterōn*, *Arnion* *hestēkos* as having been *esphagmenon*, *echon* *kerata* seven and *ophthalmous* seven, which *eisin* the seven *Pneumata* of *Theou* *apestalmena* into all the *gēn*.", "grammar": { "*eidon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - saw/perceived", "*idou*": "aorist middle imperative, 2nd person singular - behold/see/look", "*mesō*": "dative, neuter, singular - middle/midst", "*thronou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - throne", "*zōōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - living creatures/beings", "*presbyterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - elders", "*Arnion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Lamb", "*hestēkos*": "perfect active participle, nominative, neuter, singular - standing/having stood", "*esphagmenon*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, neuter, singular - having been slain/slaughtered", "*echon*": "present active participle, nominative, neuter, singular - having/possessing", "*kerata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - horns", "*ophthalmous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - eyes", "*eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - are/exist", "*Pneumata*": "nominative, neuter, plural - Spirits", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*apestalmena*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, neuter, plural - having been sent out", "*gēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*Arnion*": "Lamb [diminutive form - little lamb]", "*esphagmenon*": "slain/slaughtered/sacrificed", "*kerata*": "horns [symbols of power]", "*ophthalmous*": "eyes [symbols of perception/knowledge]", "*Pneumata*": "Spirits/winds/breaths", "*apestalmena*": "sent out/dispatched/commissioned" } } 7 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.7", "source": "Καὶ ἦλθεν καὶ εἴληφεν τὸ βιβλίον ἐκ τῆς δεξιᾶς τοῦ καθημένου ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου.", "text": "And he *ēlthen* and *eilēphen* the *biblion* from the *dexias* of the one *kathēmenou* upon the *thronou*.", "grammar": { "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came/went [point action]", "*eilēphen*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - has taken/received [completed action with continuing results]", "*biblion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - scroll/book", "*dexias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - right hand", "*kathēmenou*": "present middle participle, genitive, masculine, singular - seated/sitting one", "*thronou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - throne" }, "variants": { "*eilēphen*": "has taken/has received/has accepted", "*kathēmenou*": "seated one/one sitting/enthroned one" } } 8 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.8", "source": "Καὶ ὅτε ἔλαβεν τὸ βιβλίον, τὰ τέσσαρα ζῶα καὶ εἴκοσι τέσσαρες πρεσβύτεροι ἔπεσον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Ἀρνίου, ἔχοντες ἕκαστος κιθάρας, καὶ φιάλας χρυσᾶς γεμούσας θυμιαμάτων, αἵ εἰσιν αἱ προσευχαὶ τῶν ἁγίων.", "text": "And when he *elaben* the *biblion*, the four *zōa* and twenty-four *presbyteroi* *epeson* before the *Arniou*, *echontes* each one *kitharas*, and *phialas* *chrysas* *gemousas* of *thymiamatōn*, which *eisin* the *proseuchai* of the *hagiōn*.", "grammar": { "*elaben*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - took/received [point action]", "*biblion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - scroll/book", "*zōa*": "nominative, neuter, plural - living creatures/beings", "*presbyteroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - elders", "*epeson*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - fell [point action]", "*Arniou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - Lamb", "*echontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having/holding", "*kitharas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - harps/lyres", "*phialas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - bowls/vials", "*chrysas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - golden", "*gemousas*": "present active participle, accusative, feminine, plural - being full of/filled with", "*thymiamatōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - incense/fragrant substances", "*eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - are/exist", "*proseuchai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - prayers", "*hagiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - holy ones/saints" }, "variants": { "*zōa*": "living creatures/living beings/living ones", "*epeson*": "fell/fell down/prostrated themselves", "*kitharas*": "harps/lyres/stringed instruments", "*phialas*": "bowls/vials/shallow containers", "*thymiamatōn*": "incense/fragrant substances/aromatic offerings", "*hagiōn*": "holy ones/saints/consecrated ones" } } 9 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.9", "source": "Καὶ ᾄδουσιν ᾠδὴν καινὴν, λέγοντες, Ἄξιος εἶ λαβεῖν τὸ βιβλίον, καὶ ἀνοῖξαι τὰς σφραγῖδας αὐτοῦ: ὅτι ἐσφάγης, καὶ ἠγόρασας τῷ Θεῷ ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ αἵματί σου ἐκ πάσης φυλῆς, καὶ γλώσσης, καὶ λαοῦ, καὶ ἔθνους·", "text": "And they *adousin* *ōdēn* *kainēn*, *legontes*, *Axios* *ei* to *labein* the *biblion*, and to *anoixai* the *sphragidas* of it: because you were *esphagēs*, and *ēgorasas* to *Theō* us with your *haimati* from every *phylēs*, and *glōssēs*, and *laou*, and *ethnous*;", "grammar": { "*adousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they sing/are singing", "*ōdēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - song/ode", "*kainēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - new/fresh", "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Axios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - worthy/deserving", "*ei*": "present active indicative, 2nd person singular - you are", "*labein*": "aorist active infinitive - to take/receive", "*biblion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - scroll/book", "*anoixai*": "aorist active infinitive - to open", "*sphragidas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - seals", "*esphagēs*": "aorist passive indicative, 2nd person singular - you were slain/slaughtered", "*ēgorasas*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person singular - you purchased/bought/redeemed", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - for God/to God", "*haimati*": "dative, neuter, singular - blood", "*phylēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - tribe/clan", "*glōssēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - tongue/language", "*laou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - people/population", "*ethnous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - nation/ethnic group" }, "variants": { "*kainēn*": "new/fresh/unprecedented", "*esphagēs*": "slain/slaughtered/sacrificed", "*ēgorasas*": "purchased/bought/redeemed", "*haimati*": "blood [metaphor for life/death/sacrifice]", "*phylēs*": "tribe/clan/family group", "*ethnous*": "nation/people group/ethnic group" } }
• Jer 36:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.36.29", "source": "וְעַל־יְהוֹיָקִ֤ים מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה֙ תֹּאמַ֔ר כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה אַ֠תָּה שָׂרַ֜פְתָּ אֶת־הַמְּגִלָּ֤ה הַזֹּאת֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַדּוּעַ֩ כָּתַ֨בְתָּ עָלֶ֜יהָ לֵאמֹ֗ר בֹּֽא־יָב֤וֹא מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ וְהִשְׁחִית֙ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְהִשְׁבִּ֥ית מִמֶּ֖נָּה אָדָ֥ם וּבְהֵמָֽה׃", "text": "And-concerning-*Yəhōyāqîm* *melek*-*Yəhûdāh* *tōʾmar*, thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*: *ʾattāh* *śāráptā* *ʾet*-the-*məgillāh* the-*zōʾt* *lēʾmōr*, why *kātábtā* upon-*ʿāleyhā* *lēʾmōr*, *bōʾ*-*yābōʾ* *melek*-*Bābel* and-*hišḥît* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-*zōʾt* and-*hišbît* from-*mimmennāh* *ʾādām* and-*bəhēmāh*.", "grammar": { "*tōʾmar*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*śāráptā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you burned", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*məgillāh*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the scroll", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*kātábtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you wrote", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - upon it", "*bōʾ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - coming", "*yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will come", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*hišḥît*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will destroy", "*ʾāreṣ*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the land", "*hišbît*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will cause to cease", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - from it", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*bəhēmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/cattle" }, "variants": { "*tōʾmar*": "you shall say/speak/tell", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*śāráptā*": "you burned/consumed with fire", "*məgillāh*": "scroll/roll", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/thinking", "*kātábtā*": "you wrote/inscribed", "*bōʾ*-*yābōʾ*": "surely come (emphatic construction)", "*hišḥît*": "destroy/ruin/devastate", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*hišbît*": "cause to cease/remove/eliminate", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humanity", "*bəhēmāh*": "beast/cattle/livestock" } }
• Jer 45:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.45.1", "source": "הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר דִּבֶּר֙ יִרְמְיָ֣הוּ הַנָּבִ֔יא אֶל־בָּר֖וּךְ בֶּֽן־נֵֽרִיָּ֑ה בְּכָתְבוֹ֩ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֨ים הָאֵ֤לֶּה עַל־סֵ֙פֶר֙ מִפִּ֣י יִרְמְיָ֔הוּ בַּשָּׁנָה֙ הָֽרְבִעִ֔ית לִיהוֹיָקִ֧ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֛הוּ מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "The *dābār* which *diber* *Yirmᵊyāhû* the *nābîʾ* to *Bārûḵ* *ben*-*Nērîyâ* in *kātᵊbô* *ʾēt*-the *dᵊbārîm* these upon-*sēper* from *pî* *Yirmᵊyāhû* in-the-*šānâ* the-fourth to-*Yᵊhôyāqîm* *ben*-*Yōʾšîyāhû* *meleḵ* *Yᵊhûdâ* *lēʾmōr*.", "grammar": { "*dābār*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - word/matter/thing", "*diber*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke/said", "*Yirmᵊyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine - Jeremiah", "*nābîʾ*": "noun, masculine, singular - prophet", "*Bārûḵ*": "proper noun, masculine - Baruch", "*ben*": "noun, masculine, construct - son of", "*Nērîyâ*": "proper noun, masculine - Neriah", "*kātᵊbô*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his writing", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dᵊbārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - words/things", "*sēper*": "noun, masculine, singular - book/scroll/document", "*pî*": "noun, masculine, construct with 1st person singular suffix - mouth of", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - year", "*Yᵊhôyāqîm*": "proper noun, masculine - Jehoiakim", "*Yōʾšîyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine - Josiah", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*Yᵊhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*dābār*": "word/matter/thing/message", "*diber*": "spoke/said/declared", "*nābîʾ*": "prophet/spokesperson", "*kātᵊbô*": "when he wrote/as he was writing", "*sēper*": "scroll/book/document", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say" } }
• Jer 47:1-7 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.47.1", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָיָ֧ה דְבַר־יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־יִרְמְיָ֥הוּ הַנָּבִ֖יא אֶל־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים בְּטֶ֛רֶם יַכֶּ֥ה פַרְעֹ֖ה אֶת־עַזָּֽה׃", "text": "That which *hāyāh* *dəḇar*-*YHWH* unto-*Yirməyāhū* the-*nāḇî* unto-*Pəlištîm* in-*ṭerem* *yakkeh* *Parʿōh* *ʾēṯ*-*ʿAzzāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/happened", "*dəḇar*": "construct state, masculine singular - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*Yirməyāhū*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*ha-nāḇî*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the prophet", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines", "*bə-ṭerem*": "preposition + adverb - before", "*yakkeh*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would strike/attack", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʿAzzāh*": "proper noun - Gaza" }, "variants": { "*dəḇar-YHWH*": "word of YHWH/message from YHWH", "*hāyāh*": "was/came/happened", "*yakkeh*": "struck/attacked/defeated" } } 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.47.2", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה הִנֵּה־מַ֜יִם עֹלִ֤ים מִצָּפוֹן֙ וְהָיוּ֙ לְנַ֣חַל שׁוֹטֵ֔ף וְיִשְׁטְפוּ֙ אֶ֣רֶץ וּמְלוֹאָ֔הּ עִ֖יר וְיֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָ֑הּ וְזָֽעֲקוּ֙ הָֽאָדָ֔ם וְהֵילִ֕ל כֹּ֖ל יוֹשֵׁ֥ב הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *hinnēh*-*mayim* *ʿōlîm* from-*ṣāp̄ôn* *wə*-*hāyû* to-*naḥal* *šôṭēp̄* *wə*-*yišṭəp̄û* *ʾereṣ* *û*-*məlôʾāh* *ʿîr* *wə*-*yōšḇê* in-her *wə*-*zāʿăqû* the-*ʾāḏām* *wə*-*hêlîl* all *yōšēḇ* the-*ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - waters", "*ʿōlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - rising/coming up", "*mi-ṣāp̄ôn*": "preposition + noun - from north", "*wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will be", "*lə-naḥal*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - to stream/torrent", "*šôṭēp̄*": "qal participle, masculine singular - overflowing/flooding", "*wə-yišṭəp̄û*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will flood", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - land/earth", "*û-məlôʾāh*": "conjunction + noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and its fullness", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun - city", "*wə-yōšḇê*": "conjunction + qal participle masculine plural construct - and inhabitants of", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it/her", "*wə-zāʿăqû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will cry out", "*hā-ʾāḏām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man/humanity", "*wə-hêlîl*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will wail", "*kōl*": "construct state - all/every", "*yōšēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular construct - inhabitant of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth" }, "variants": { "*ṣāp̄ôn*": "north/northern region", "*naḥal šôṭēp̄*": "overflowing stream/flooding torrent", "*yišṭəp̄û*": "they will flood/overflow/wash away", "*məlôʾāh*": "its fullness/everything in it", "*zāʿăqû*": "cry out/shriek/call for help", "*hêlîl*": "wail/howl/lament" } } 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.47.3", "source": "מִקּ֗וֹל שַֽׁעֲטַת֙ פַּרְס֣וֹת אַבִּירָ֔יו מֵרַ֣עַשׁ לְרִכְבּ֔וֹ הֲמ֖וֹן גַּלְגִּלָּ֑יו לֹֽא־הִפְנ֤וּ אָבוֹת֙ אֶל־בָּנִ֔ים מֵֽרִפְי֖וֹן יָדָֽיִם׃", "text": "From-*qôl* *šaʿăṭaṯ* *parsôṯ* *ʾabbîrāyw* from-*raʿaš* to-*riḵbô* *hămôn* *galgillāyw* not-*hip̄nû* *ʾāḇôṯ* unto-*bānîm* from-*rip̄yôn* *yāḏāyim*.", "grammar": { "*mi-qôl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from sound of", "*šaʿăṭaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - stamping/galloping of", "*parsôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - hooves of", "*ʾabbîrāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mighty ones/stallions", "*mē-raʿaš*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from rumbling of", "*lə-riḵbô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his chariot", "*hămôn*": "masculine singular construct - tumult/noise of", "*galgillāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wheels", "*lōʾ-hip̄nû*": "negative particle + hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - not they turned", "*ʾāḇôṯ*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*ʾel-bānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - unto sons", "*mē-rip̄yôn*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from feebleness of", "*yāḏāyim*": "feminine dual noun - hands" }, "variants": { "*ʾabbîrāyw*": "his stallions/his strong ones/his mighty steeds", "*raʿaš*": "rumbling/earthquake/shaking", "*hămôn*": "tumult/noise/roaring", "*hip̄nû*": "turned/looked back/paid attention", "*rip̄yôn yāḏāyim*": "feebleness of hands/weakness/helplessness" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.47.4", "source": "עַל־הַיּ֗וֹם הַבָּא֙ לִשְׁד֣וֹד אֶת־כָּל־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְהַכְרִ֤ית לְצֹר֙ וּלְצִיד֔וֹן כֹּ֖ל שָׂרִ֣יד עֹזֵ֑ר כִּֽי־שֹׁדֵ֤ד יְהוָה֙ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים שְׁאֵרִ֖ית אִ֥י כַפְתּֽוֹר׃", "text": "Upon-the-*yôm* the-*bā* to-*šəḏôḏ* *ʾēṯ*-all-*Pəlištîm* to-*haḵrîṯ* to-*Ṣōr* *û*-to-*Ṣîḏôn* all *śārîḏ* *ʿōzēr* *kî*-*šōḏēḏ* *YHWH* *ʾēṯ*-*Pəlištîm* *šəʾērîṯ* *ʾî* *Kap̄tôr*.", "grammar": { "*ʿal-ha-yôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - upon the day", "*ha-bā*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the coming", "*li-šəḏôḏ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to destroy/plunder", "*ʾēṯ-kāl-Pəlištîm*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct + proper noun - all Philistines", "*lə-haḵrîṯ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cut off", "*lə-Ṣōr*": "preposition + proper noun - to Tyre", "*û-lə-Ṣîḏôn*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and to Sidon", "*kōl*": "masculine singular construct - every/all", "*śārîḏ*": "masculine singular construct - survivor of", "*ʿōzēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - helper", "*kî-šōḏēḏ*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular - for is destroying", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾēṯ-Pəlištîm*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Philistines", "*šəʾērîṯ*": "feminine singular construct - remnant of", "*ʾî*": "masculine singular construct - island/coast of", "*Kap̄tôr*": "proper noun - Caphtor" }, "variants": { "*šəḏôḏ*": "destroy/plunder/devastate", "*haḵrîṯ*": "cut off/destroy/exterminate", "*śārîḏ ʿōzēr*": "surviving helper/remaining ally", "*šōḏēḏ*": "is destroying/is plundering", "*šəʾērîṯ ʾî Kap̄tôr*": "remnant of the island/coast of Caphtor", "*Kap̄tôr*": "Caphtor/Crete/Cyprus" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.47.5", "source": "בָּ֤אָה קָרְחָה֙ אֶל־עַזָּ֔ה נִדְמְתָ֥ה אַשְׁקְל֖וֹן שְׁאֵרִ֣ית עִמְקָ֑ם עַד־מָתַ֖י תִּתְגּוֹדָֽדִי׃", "text": "*Bāʾāh* *qārəḥāh* unto-*ʿAzzāh* *niḏməṯāh* *ʾAšqəlôn* *šəʾērîṯ* *ʿimqām* until-when *tiṯgôḏāḏî*.", "grammar": { "*bāʾāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has come", "*qārəḥāh*": "feminine singular noun - baldness", "*ʾel-ʿAzzāh*": "preposition + proper noun - unto Gaza", "*niḏməṯāh*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is silenced/destroyed", "*ʾAšqəlôn*": "proper noun - Ashkelon", "*šəʾērîṯ*": "feminine singular construct - remnant of", "*ʿimqām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their valley", "*ʿaḏ-māṯay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when", "*tiṯgôḏāḏî*": "hithpael imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you cut yourself" }, "variants": { "*qārəḥāh*": "baldness/mourning sign", "*niḏməṯāh*": "is silenced/is destroyed/is ruined", "*šəʾērîṯ ʿimqām*": "remnant of their valley/remaining lowland", "*tiṯgôḏāḏî*": "you cut yourself/you gash yourself (as mourning ritual)" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.47.6", "source": "ה֗וֹי חֶ֚רֶב לַֽיהוָ֔ה עַד־אָ֖נָה לֹ֣א תִשְׁקֹ֑טִי הֵאָֽסְפִי֙ אַל־תַּעְרֵ֔ךְ הֵרָגְעִ֖י וָדֹֽמִּי׃", "text": "*Hôy* *ḥereḇ* to-*YHWH* until-where not *tišqōṭî* *hēʾāsəp̄î* not-*taʿrēḵ* *hērāḡəʿî* *wā-ḏōmmî*.", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - alas/woe", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - to/of YHWH", "*ʿaḏ-ʾānāh*": "preposition + interrogative - until where/how long", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tišqōṭî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will be quiet", "*hēʾāsəp̄î*": "niphal imperative, feminine singular - be gathered", "*ʾal-taʿrēḵ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - do not unsheathe", "*hērāḡəʿî*": "niphal imperative, feminine singular - be still", "*wā-ḏōmmî*": "conjunction + qal imperative, feminine singular - and be silent" }, "variants": { "*ḥereḇ la-YHWH*": "sword of YHWH/YHWH's sword", "*tišqōṭî*": "be quiet/be still/rest", "*hēʾāsəp̄î*": "be gathered/withdraw yourself/return to sheath", "*taʿrēḵ*": "unsheathe/array/prepare", "*hērāḡəʿî*": "be still/be at rest/calm yourself", "*ḏōmmî*": "be silent/be still/cease" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.47.7", "source": "אֵ֣יךְ תִּשְׁקֹ֔טִי וַֽיהוָ֖ה צִוָּה־לָ֑הּ אֶֽל־אַשְׁקְל֛וֹן וְאֶל־ח֥וֹף הַיָּ֖ם שָׁ֥ם יְעָדָֽהּ׃", "text": "How *tišqōṭî* *wa-YHWH* *ṣiwwāh*-to-her unto-*ʾAšqəlôn* *wə*-unto-*ḥôp̄* the-*yām* there *yəʿāḏāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾêḵ*": "interrogative - how", "*tišqōṭî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will be quiet", "*wa-YHWH*": "conjunction + proper noun - and YHWH", "*ṣiwwāh-lāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - he has commanded to her", "*ʾel-ʾAšqəlôn*": "preposition + proper noun - unto Ashkelon", "*wə-ʾel-ḥôp̄*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular construct - and unto coast of", "*ha-yām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the sea", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*yəʿāḏāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - he has appointed her" }, "variants": { "*tišqōṭî*": "be quiet/be still/rest", "*ṣiwwāh-lāh*": "has commanded her/has ordained for it", "*ḥôp̄ ha-yām*": "seashore/coast of the sea", "*yəʿāḏāh*": "has appointed her/has destined it/has assigned it" } }
• Jer 32:30-35 : 30 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.30", "source": "כִּֽי־הָי֨וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּבְנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה אַ֣ךְ עֹשִׂ֥ים הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינַ֖י מִנְּעֻרֹֽתֵיהֶ֑ם כִּ֣י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אַ֣ךְ מַכְעִסִ֥ים אֹתִ֛י בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְדֵיהֶ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "For *hāyû* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* and *bənê yəhûdāh* *ʾak* *ʿōśîm* *hāraʿ* in *ʿênay* from *nəʿurōtêhem*; for *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* *ʾak* *makʿisîm* *ʾōtî* with *maʿăśēh* *yədêhem*, *nəʾum-YHWH*", "grammar": { "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they have been'", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state - 'sons of Israel'", "*bənê yəhûdāh*": "construct state - 'sons of Judah'", "*ʾak*": "adverb - 'only/surely'", "*ʿōśîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - 'doing/continually doing'", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - 'the evil'", "*ʿênay*": "feminine dual noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my eyes'", "*nəʿurōtêhem*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their youth'", "*makʿisîm*": "Hiphil participle, masculine plural - 'provoking/causing anger'", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker + 1st person singular suffix - 'me'", "*maʿăśēh*": "masculine singular construct - 'work of'", "*yədêhem*": "feminine dual noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their hands'", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct state - 'declaration of YHWH'" }, "variants": { "*ʾak*": "only/surely/nevertheless", "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/wrong", "*makʿisîm*": "provoking to anger/vexing/offending", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "declaration of YHWH/word of the LORD/oracle of YHWH" } } 31 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.31", "source": "כִּ֧י עַל־אַפִּ֣י וְעַל־חֲמָתִ֗י הָ֤יְתָה לִּי֙ הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את לְמִן־הַיּוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּנ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔הּ וְעַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה לַהֲסִירָ֖הּ מֵעַ֥ל פָּנָֽי׃", "text": "For upon *ʾappî* and upon *ḥămātî* *hāyətāh* to me *hāʿîr* this from *hayyôm* which *bānû* *ʾôtāh* and until *hayyôm* this, *lahăsîrāh* from upon *pānāy*", "grammar": { "*ʾappî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my anger/nose'", "*ḥămātî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my wrath/fury'", "*hāyətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'she has been'", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the city'", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - 'the day'", "*bānû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they built'", "*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'it (fem)'", "*lahăsîrāh*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'to remove it'", "*pānāy*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my face'" }, "variants": { "*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose (idiom for anger)/my face", "*ḥămātî*": "my wrath/my fury/my burning anger", "*lahăsîrāh*": "to remove it/to take it away/to cast it away" } } 32 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.32", "source": "עַל֩ כָּל־רָעַ֨ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּבְנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשׂוּ֙ לְהַכְעִסֵ֔נִי הֵ֤מָּה מַלְכֵיהֶם֙ שָֽׂרֵיהֶ֔ם כֹּהֲנֵיהֶ֖ם וּנְבִֽיאֵיהֶ֑ם וְאִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה וְיֹשְׁבֵ֖י יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "Because of all *rāʿat* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* and *bənê yəhûdāh* which *ʿāśû* *ləhakʿisēnî*, they, *malkêhem*, *śārêhem*, *kōhănêhem*, and *nəbîʾêhem*, and *ʾîš* *yəhûdāh*, and *yōšəbê* *yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*rāʿat*": "feminine singular construct - 'evil of'", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state - 'sons of Israel'", "*bənê yəhûdāh*": "construct state - 'sons of Judah'", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - 'they did/made'", "*ləhakʿisēnî*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - 'to provoke me'", "*malkêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their kings'", "*śārêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their princes/officials'", "*kōhănêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their priests'", "*nəbîʾêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their prophets'", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/men of'", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - 'Judah'", "*yōšəbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - 'inhabitants of'", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - 'Jerusalem'" }, "variants": { "*rāʿat*": "evil/wickedness/wrongdoing", "*ləhakʿisēnî*": "to provoke me to anger/to offend me/to vex me", "*śārêhem*": "their princes/their officials/their leaders", "*ʾîš*": "man of/men of/people of" } } 33 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.33", "source": "וַיִּפְנ֥וּ אֵלַ֛י עֹ֖רֶף וְלֹ֣א פָנִ֑ים וְלַמֵּ֤ד אֹתָם֙ הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם וְלַמֵּ֔ד וְאֵינָ֥ם שֹׁמְעִ֖ים לָקַ֥חַת מוּסָֽר׃", "text": "And *wayyipnû* to me *ʿōrep* and not *pānîm*; and *lammēd* *ʾōtām* *haškēm* and *lammēd*, and they are not *šōməʿîm* *lāqaḥat* *mûsār*", "grammar": { "*wayyipnû*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - 'and they turned'", "*ʿōrep*": "masculine singular noun - 'back of neck/back'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*lammēd*": "Piel infinitive absolute - 'teaching'", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'them'", "*haškēm*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - 'rising early'", "*šōməʿîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - 'hearing/listening'", "*lāqaḥat*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to take/receive'", "*mûsār*": "masculine singular noun - 'instruction/discipline'" }, "variants": { "*wayyipnû*": "they turned/they faced", "*ʿōrep*": "neck/back (idiom for turning away)", "*haškēm*": "rising early (idiom for diligence/persistence)", "*mûsār*": "instruction/discipline/correction" } } 34 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.34", "source": "וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ שִׁקּֽוּצֵיהֶ֗ם בַּבַּ֛יִת אֲשֶׁר־נִקְרָֽא־שְׁמִ֥י עָלָ֖יו לְטַמְּאֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyāśîmû* *šiqqûṣêhem* in *habbayit* which *niqrāʾ-šəmî* upon it *ləṭamməʾô*", "grammar": { "*wayyāśîmû*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - 'and they placed'", "*šiqqûṣêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their detestable things'", "*habbayit*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - 'the house'", "*niqrāʾ-šəmî*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my name is called'", "*ləṭamməʾô*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'to defile it'" }, "variants": { "*šiqqûṣêhem*": "their detestable things/their abominations/their idols", "*habbayit*": "the house/the temple", "*niqrāʾ-šəmî*": "my name is called/is named after me", "*ləṭamməʾô*": "to defile it/to make it unclean/to pollute it" } } 35 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.35", "source": "וַיִּבְנוּ֩ אֶת־בָּמ֨וֹת הַבַּ֜עַל אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּגֵ֣יא בֶן־הִנֹּ֗ם לְ֠הַעֲבִיר אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתֵיהֶם֮ לַמֹּלֶךְ֒ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־צִוִּיתִ֗ים וְלֹ֤א עָֽלְתָה֙ עַל־לִבִּ֔י לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת הַתּוֹעֵבָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את לְמַ֖עַן *החטי* *haḥăṭîʾ* אֶת־יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyibnû* *ʾet-bāmôt* *habbaʿal* which in *gêʾ ben-hinnōm* *ləhaʿăbîr* *ʾet-bənêhem* and *ʾet-bənôtêhem* to *hammōlek*, which not *ṣiwwîtîm* and not *ʿālətāh* upon *libbî* *laʿăśôt* *hattôʿēbāh* this, for *ləmaʿan* *haḥăṭîʾ* *ʾet-yəhûdāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyibnû*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - 'and they built'", "*ʾet-bāmôt*": "direct object marker + feminine plural construct - 'the high places of'", "*habbaʿal*": "definite article + proper noun - 'the Baal'", "*gêʾ ben-hinnōm*": "construct chain - 'valley of the son of Hinnom'", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to cause to pass over'", "*ʾet-bənêhem*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their sons'", "*ʾet-bənôtêhem*": "direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their daughters'", "*hammōlek*": "definite article + proper noun - 'the Molech'", "*ṣiwwîtîm*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'I commanded them'", "*ʿālətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'it came up'", "*libbî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my heart'", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'to do'", "*hattôʿēbāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the abomination'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + substantive - 'for the purpose of'", "*haḥăṭîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to cause to sin'", "*ʾet-yəhûdāh*": "direct object marker + proper noun - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/cultic platforms/shrines", "*ləhaʿăbîr*": "to cause to pass through/to offer/to sacrifice", "*hammōlek*": "Molech (deity)/the king (as deity)", "*ʿālətāh* upon *libbî*": "came up on my heart (idiom for 'I never considered/intended')", "*hattôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable act/abhorrent practice", "*haḥăṭîʾ*": "to cause to sin/to lead astray/to make guilty" } }
• Jer 2:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.4", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֑ב וְכָֽל־מִשְׁפְּח֖וֹת בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Šimʿû* *dəbar*-*YHWH* *bêt* *Yaʿăqōb* *wə-kol*-*mišpəḥôt* *bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*Šimʿû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - hear", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*wə-kol*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and all", "*mišpəḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - families/clans of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*Šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dəbar*": "word/matter/thing", "*bêt*": "house/household/dynasty/family", "*mišpəḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes" } }
• Isa 30:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.8", "source": "עַתָּה בּוֹא כָתְבָהּ עַל־לוּחַ אִתָּם וְעַל־סֵפֶר חֻקָּהּ וּתְהִי לְיוֹם אַחֲרוֹן לָעַד עַד־עוֹלָם׃", "text": "Now, *bôʾ* *kotebāh* upon a *lûaḥ* with them and upon a *sēper* *ḥuqqāh*, and *tehî* for a day *ʾaḥărôn*, for a witness unto *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go/come", "*kotebāh*": "qal imperative masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - write it", "*lûaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - tablet/board", "*sēper*": "masculine singular noun - book/scroll/document", "*ḥuqqāh*": "qal imperative masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - inscribe it", "*tehî*": "qal jussive 3rd person feminine singular - let it be", "*ʾaḥărôn*": "masculine singular adjective - latter/future/last", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - forever/eternity" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "go/come/enter", "*kotebāh*": "write it/inscribe it", "*lûaḥ*": "tablet/board/panel", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document/letter", "*ḥuqqāh*": "inscribe it/engrave it", "*tehî*": "let it be/may it become", "*ʾaḥărôn*": "latter/future/last/coming", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity" } } 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.9", "source": "כִּי עַם מְרִי הוּא בָּנִים כֶּחָשִׁים בָּנִים לֹא־אָבוּ שְׁמוֹעַ תּוֹרַת יְהוָה׃", "text": "For a people of *merî* *hûʾ*, *bānîm* *keḥāšîm*, *bānîm* not *ʾābû* to hear [the] *tôrat* *Yhwh*.", "grammar": { "*merî*": "masculine singular noun - rebellion/stubbornness", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons/children", "*keḥāšîm*": "piel participle masculine plural - lying/deceiving", "*ʾābû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they were willing", "*tôrat*": "feminine singular construct - instruction/law of", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*merî*": "rebellion/stubbornness/defiance", "*hûʾ*": "he/it (emphatic)", "*bānîm*": "sons/children/descendants", "*keḥāšîm*": "lying/deceiving/denying", "*ʾābû*": "they were willing/desired/consented", "*tôrat*": "instruction/law/teaching of", "*Yhwh*": "LORD/Yahweh (divine name)" } }
• Job 31:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Job.31.35", "source": "מִ֤י יִתֶּן־לִ֨י ׀ שֹׁ֘מֵ֤עַֽ לִ֗י הֶן־תָּ֭וִי שַׁדַּ֣י יַעֲנֵ֑נִי וְסֵ֥פֶר כָּ֝תַ֗ב אִ֣ישׁ רִיבִֽי׃", "text": "Who *yitten-lî šōmēaʿ lî* behold-*tāwî šadday yaʿănēnî* and-*sēper kātaḇ ʾîš rîḇî*", "grammar": { "*yitten*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gives", "*šōmēaʿ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - one hearing", "*tāwî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my mark/signature", "*šadday*": "divine name - Almighty/Shaddai", "*yaʿănēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he answers me", "*sēper*": "noun, masculine singular - book/document", "*kātaḇ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he wrote", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*rîḇî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my adversary" }, "variants": { "*mî yitten-lî*": "who would give me/oh that I had", "*šōmēaʿ*": "hearer/one who hears/listener", "*tāwî*": "my mark/my signature/my sign", "*šadday*": "the Almighty/Shaddai", "*yaʿănēnî*": "would answer me/would respond to me", "*sēper*": "book/document/scroll", "*ʾîš rîḇî*": "man of my contention/my accuser/my opponent" } }
• Deut 31:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.24", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כְּכַלּ֣וֹת מֹשֶׁ֗ה לִכְתֹּ֛ב אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַתּוֹרָֽה־הַזֹּ֖את עַל־סֵ֑פֶר עַ֖ד תֻּמָּֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî kə-kallôt mōšeh li-ktōb ʾet-dibrê ha-tôrāh-ha-zōʾt ʿal-sēper ʿad tummām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*kə-kallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - when completed", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*li-ktōb*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to write", "*ʾet-dibrê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the words of", "*ha-tôrāh-ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this law", "*ʿal-sēper*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on a scroll/book", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*tummām*": "Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their completion" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəhî*": "it happened/it came to pass/it was", "*kə-kallôt*": "when completed/when finished/when concluded", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/commands", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*sēper*": "scroll/book/document", "*tummām*": "their completion/their entirety/their being finished" } }
• 2 Kgs 17:18-20 : 18 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.18", "source": "וַיִּתְאַנַּ֨ף יְהוָ֤ה מְאֹד֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיְסִרֵ֖ם מֵעַ֣ל פָּנָ֑יו לֹ֣א נִשְׁאַ֔ר רַ֛ק שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָ֖ה לְבַדּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *ʾānap* *YHWH* *mᵊʾōd* in *yiśrāʾēl*, and he *sûr* them from upon *pānîm* his; not *šāʾar*, only *šēbeṭ* *yᵊhûdâ* to alone it.", "grammar": { "*ʾānap*": "Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he became very angry", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mᵊʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*sûr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he removed them", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*šāʾar*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - remained/was left", "*šēbeṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*yᵊhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*ʾānap*": "become angry/be furious/rage", "*mᵊʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*sûr*": "remove/turn aside/take away", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/sight", "*šāʾar*": "remain/be left/stay behind", "*šēbeṭ*": "tribe/clan/staff" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.19", "source": "גַּם־יְהוּדָ֕ה לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔ר אֶת־מִצְוֺ֖ת יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ בְּחֻקּ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "Also *yᵊhûdâ* not *šāmar* *ʾēt*-*miṣwâ* of *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhîm* their, and they *hālak* in *ḥuqqâ* of *yiśrāʾēl* which they *ʿāśâ*.", "grammar": { "*yᵊhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*šāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he kept/observed", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwâ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - commandments of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their God", "*hālak*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they walked", "*ḥuqqâ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - statutes/customs of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they made/did" }, "variants": { "*šāmar*": "keep/observe/guard", "*miṣwâ*": "commandments/precepts/orders", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods", "*hālak*": "walk/go/follow", "*ḥuqqâ*": "statutes/customs/practices", "*ʿāśâ*": "make/do/practice" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.20", "source": "וַיִּמְאַ֨ס יְהוָ֜ה בְּכָל־זֶ֤רַע יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיְעַנֵּ֔ם וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיַד־שֹׁסִ֑ים עַ֛ד אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁלִיכָ֖ם מִפָּנָֽיו׃", "text": "And *māʾas* *YHWH* in all-*zeraʿ* of *yiśrāʾēl* and he *ʿānâ* them and he *nātan* them in hand-of *šāsâ* until which he *šālak* them from *pānîm* his.", "grammar": { "*māʾas*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he rejected", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿānâ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he afflicted them", "*nātan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he gave them", "*šāsâ*": "Qal participle masculine plural - plunderers/spoilers", "*šālak*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he cast them away", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence" }, "variants": { "*māʾas*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʿānâ*": "afflict/oppress/humble", "*nātan*": "give/deliver/place", "*šāsâ*": "plunderers/spoilers/robbers", "*šālak*": "cast away/throw off/drive out", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/sight" } }