Verse 10
{ "verseID": "Proverbs.12.10", "source": "יוֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק נֶ֣פֶשׁ בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹ וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים אַכְזָרֽ͏ִ[t]י׃", "text": "*yôḏēaʿ* *ṣaddîq* *nep̄eš* *bəhemtô* *wəraḥămê* *rəšāʿîm* *ʾaḵzārî*", "grammar": { "*yôḏēaʿ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - knows/regards", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous one", "*nep̄eš*": "noun, feminine singular construct - life/needs of", "*bəhemtô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his animal/beast", "*wəraḥămê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and mercies of", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked ones", "*ʾaḵzārî*": "adjective, masculine singular - cruel" }, "variants": { "*yôḏēaʿ*": "knows/regards/cares for", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous one/just person", "*nep̄eš*": "life/need/soul", "*bəhēmāh*": "animal/beast/livestock", "*raḥămîm*": "mercies/compassion", "*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/evil ones", "*ʾaḵzārî*": "cruel/merciless" } }
Other Translations
GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk
Den rettferdige tar vare på sin husdyrs liv, men de ondes barmhjertighet er grusom.
Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst
En rettferdig mann tar seg av sitt dyrs liv, men de ondes barmhjertighet er grusom.
Norsk King James
En rettferdig mann bryr seg om dyrenes liv; men de ondes milde handlinger er grusomme.
Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866
Den rettferdige har omsorg for dyrene sine, men de ugudeliges barmhjertighet er grusom.
Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål
Den rettferdige har omsorg for sine dyrs liv, men de ondes følelser er grusomme.
Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611
En rettferdig mann har omtanke for sitt dyr, men de ondes barmhjertighet er grusom.
o3-mini KJV Norsk
En rettferdig mann tar vare på sitt dyrs liv; men den onde utøver sin barmhjertighet med grusomhet.
En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)
En rettferdig mann har omtanke for sitt dyr, men de ondes barmhjertighet er grusom.
Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst
Den rettferdige har omsorg for sin buskap, men de ondes barmhjertighet er grusom.
Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts
The righteous care for the needs of their animals, but the kindest acts of the wicked are cruel.
GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024
Den rettferdige tar seg av sin kveget, men de urettferdiges barmhjertighet er grusom.
Original Norsk Bibel 1866
Den Retfærdige agter (med Omsorg) paa sit Bæsts Liv, men de Ugudeliges Barmhjertigheder ere (som) den Grummes.
King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
KJV 1769 norsk
En rettferdig mann tar vare på sitt dyrs liv, men de ondes barmhjertighet er grusom.
KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk
A righteous man regards the life of his animal, but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
King James Version 1611 (Original)
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
Norsk oversettelse av Webster
Den rettferdige tar vare på sitt husdyrs liv, men de ondes medlidenhet er grusomhet.
Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation
Den rettferdige kjenner sitt dyrs liv, men til og med de ondes barmhjertighet er grusom.
Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901
Den rettferdige tar omsorg for sine dyr; men de ondes barmhjertighet er grusom.
Norsk oversettelse av BBE
En rettskaffen mann bryr seg om livet til sitt dyr, men de ondes hjerter er grusomme.
Coverdale Bible (1535)
A righteous man regardeth the life of his catell, but the vngodly haue cruell hertes.
Geneva Bible (1560)
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the mercies of the wicked are cruell.
Bishops' Bible (1568)
A ryghteous man regardeth the lyfe of his cattell: but the vngodly haue cruell heartes.
Authorized King James Version (1611)
¶ A righteous [man] regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked [are] cruel.
Webster's Bible (1833)
A righteous man regards the life of his animal, But the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)
The righteous knoweth the life of his beast, And the mercies of the wicked `are' cruel.
American Standard Version (1901)
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast; But the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
Bible in Basic English (1941)
An upright man has thought for the life of his beast, but the hearts of evil-doers are cruel.
World English Bible (2000)
A righteous man respects the life of his animal, but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
NET Bible® (New English Translation)
A righteous person cares for the life of his animal, but even the most compassionate acts of the wicked are cruel.
Referenced Verses
- Deut 25:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.4", "source": "לֹא־תַחְסֹ֥ם שׁ֖וֹר בְּדִישֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "Not *taḥsōm* *šôr* in-*dîšô*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taḥsōm*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall muzzle", "*šôr*": "noun masculine singular - ox", "*bə-dîšô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its threshing" }, "variants": { "*taḥsōm*": "muzzle/prevent from eating", "*dîš*": "threshing/treading/trampling" } }
- John 4:11 : 11 { "verseID": "John.4.11", "source": "Λέγει αὐτῷ ἡ γυνή, Κύριε, οὔτε ἄντλημα ἔχεις, καὶ τὸ φρέαρ ἐστὶν βαθύ: πόθεν οὖν ἔχεις τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ ζῶν;", "text": "*Legei autō* the *gynē*, *Kyrie*, neither *antlēma echeis*, and the *phrear estin bathy*: from where *oun echeis* the *hydōr* the *zōn*?", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/is saying", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular - to him", "*gynē*": "nominative feminine singular - woman", "*Kyrie*": "vocative masculine singular - Lord/Sir", "*antlēma*": "accusative neuter singular - drawing vessel/bucket", "*echeis*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - you have/possess", "*phrear*": "nominative neuter singular - well/cistern", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*bathy*": "nominative neuter singular - deep", "*oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore/then", "*hydōr*": "accusative neuter singular - water", "*zōn*": "present active participle, accusative neuter singular - living" }, "variants": { "*Kyrie*": "Lord/Sir/Master", "*antlēma*": "drawing vessel/bucket/container", "*phrear*": "well/cistern/shaft", "*bathy*": "deep/profound" } }
- Jas 2:13-16 : 13 { "verseID": "James.2.13", "source": "Ἡ γὰρ κρίσις ἀνίλεως, τῷ μὴ ποιήσαντι ἔλεος· καὶ κατακαυχᾶται ἔλεος κρίσεως.", "text": "The *gar krisis anileōs*, to the one not *poiēsanti eleos*; and *katakaychatai eleos kriseōs*.", "grammar": { "Ἡ *krisis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the judgment", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*anileōs*": "nominative, neuter, singular, adjective - without mercy", "τῷ μὴ *poiēsanti*": "dative, masculine, singular, aorist active participle - to the one not having shown", "*eleos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - mercy", "*katakaychatai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - triumphs over/boasts against", "*eleos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - mercy", "*kriseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of judgment" }, "variants": { "*krisis*": "judgment/verdict/decision", "*anileōs*": "without mercy/merciless", "*poiēsanti eleos*": "having shown mercy/having acted mercifully", "*katakaychatai*": "triumphs over/boasts against/rejoices against", "*eleos*": "mercy/compassion", "*kriseōs*": "judgment/verdict/decision" } } 14 { "verseID": "James.2.14", "source": "Τί τὸ ὄφελος, ἀδελφοί μου, ἐὰν πίστιν λέγῃ τις ἔχειν, ἔργα δὲ μὴ ἔχῃ; μὴ δύναται ἡ πίστις σῶσαι αὐτόν;", "text": "What the *ophelos*, *adelphoi* my, if *pistin legē tis echein*, *erga de* not *echē*? Not *dynatai* the *pistis sōsai* him?", "grammar": { "Τί": "interrogative pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular - what", "τὸ *ophelos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - the profit/advantage", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers", "μου": "genitive, first person, singular - my/of me", "ἐὰν": "conditional particle - if", "*pistin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - faith", "*legē*": "present, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - may say", "τις": "indefinite pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - someone", "*echein*": "present, active, infinitive - to have", "*erga*": "accusative, neuter, plural - works", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "μὴ": "negative particle - not", "*echē*": "present, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - may have", "μὴ": "negative particle (interrogative) - not", "*dynatai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - is able", "ἡ *pistis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the faith", "*sōsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to save", "αὐτόν": "accusative, masculine, singular - him" }, "variants": { "*ophelos*": "profit/advantage/benefit/use", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/fellow believers/siblings in faith", "*pistin*": "faith/belief/trust", "*legē*": "may say/claim/profess", "*echein*": "to have/possess", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions", "*echē*": "may have/possess", "*dynatai*": "is able/can", "*pistis*": "faith/belief/trust", "*sōsai*": "to save/rescue/deliver" } } 15 { "verseID": "James.2.15", "source": "Ἐὰν δὲ ἀδελφὸς ἢ ἀδελφὴ γυμνοὶ ὑπάρχωσιν, καὶ λειπόμενοι ὦσιν τῆς ἐφημέρου τροφῆς,", "text": "If *de adelphos ē adelphē gymnoi hyparchōsin*, and *leipomenoi ōsin* of the *ephēmerou trophēs*,", "grammar": { "Ἐὰν": "conditional particle - if", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*adelphos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - brother", "ἢ": "conjunction - or", "*adelphē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sister", "*gymnoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural, adjective - naked/poorly clothed", "*hyparchōsin*": "present, active, subjunctive, 3rd person plural - may be", "καὶ": "conjunction - and", "*leipomenoi*": "present, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being destitute/lacking", "*ōsin*": "present, active, subjunctive, 3rd person plural - may be", "τῆς *ephēmerou*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of daily", "*trophēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - food/nourishment" }, "variants": { "*adelphos*": "brother/fellow believer", "*adelphē*": "sister/female believer", "*gymnoi*": "naked/poorly clothed/insufficiently dressed", "*hyparchōsin*": "may be/exist/are in a state of", "*leipomenoi*": "being destitute/lacking/in need", "*ephēmerou trophēs*": "daily food/sustenance/nourishment" } } 16 { "verseID": "James.2.16", "source": "Εἴπῃ δέ τις αὐτοῖς ἐξ ὑμῶν, Ὑπάγετε ἐν εἰρήνῃ, θερμαίνεσθε καὶ χορτάζεσθε· μὴ δῶτε δὲ αὐτοῖς τὰ ἐπιτήδεια τοῦ σώματος· τί τὸ ὄφελος;", "text": "*Eipē de tis* to them from you, *Hypagete* in *eirēnē*, *thermaineste* and *chortazesthe*; not *dōte de* to them the *epitēdeia* of the *sōmatos*; what the *ophelos*?", "grammar": { "*Eipē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might say", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "τις": "indefinite pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - someone", "αὐτοῖς": "dative, masculine, plural - to them", "ἐξ": "preposition + genitive - from", "ὑμῶν": "genitive, second person, plural - of you", "*Hypagete*": "present, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - go away/depart", "ἐν *eirēnē*": "dative, feminine, singular - in peace", "*thermaineste*": "present, passive, imperative, 2nd person plural - be warmed", "καὶ": "conjunction - and", "*chortazesthe*": "present, passive, imperative, 2nd person plural - be filled/satisfied", "μὴ": "negative particle - not", "*dōte*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might give", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "αὐτοῖς": "dative, masculine, plural - to them", "τὰ *epitēdeia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the necessities", "τοῦ *sōmatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of the body", "τί": "interrogative pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular - what", "τὸ *ophelos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - the profit/benefit" }, "variants": { "*Eipē*": "might say/tell", "*Hypagete*": "go away/depart/go", "*eirēnē*": "peace/welfare", "*thermaineste*": "be warmed/heated", "*chortazesthe*": "be filled/satisfied/fed", "*dōte*": "might give/provide", "*epitēdeia*": "necessities/needs/essentials", "*sōmatos*": "body/physical existence", "*ophelos*": "profit/advantage/benefit/use" } }
- 1 John 3:17 : 17 { "verseID": "1 John.3.17", "source": "Ὅς δʼ ἂν ἔχῃ τὸν βίον τοῦ κόσμου, καὶ θεωρῇ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ χρείαν ἔχοντα, καὶ κλείσῃ τὰ σπλάγχνα αὐτοῦ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ, πῶς ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Θεοῦ μένει ἐν αὐτῷ;", "text": "Whoever *d'an echē* the *bion* of the *kosmou*, and *theōrē* the *adelphon* of him *chreian echonta*, and *kleisē* the *splanchna* of him from him, how the *agapē* of *Theou menei* in him?", "grammar": { "*d'an*": "particle combination - but whoever", "*echē*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might have", "*bion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - livelihood/goods", "*kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of world", "*theōrē*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might see", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother", "*chreian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - need", "*echonta*": "present active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - having", "*kleisē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might shut", "*splanchna*": "accusative, neuter, plural - bowels/affections", "*agapē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - love", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*menei*": "present active, 3rd singular - abides" }, "variants": { "*echē*": "might have/possess/hold", "*bion*": "livelihood/goods/means of living", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/worldly system", "*theōrē*": "might see/behold/observe", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*chreian*": "need/necessity/lack", "*echonta*": "having/possessing", "*kleisē*": "might shut/close", "*splanchna*": "bowels/affections/compassion/heart", "*agapē*": "love/charity", "*menei*": "abides/remains/continues" } }
- John 19:31-32 : 31 { "verseID": "John.19.31", "source": "Οἱ οὖν Ἰουδαῖοι, ἐπεὶ Παρασκευὴ ἦν, ἵνα μὴ μείνῃ ἐπὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ τὰ σώματα ἐν τῷ σαββάτῳ, (ἦν γὰρ μεγάλη ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκείνου τοῦ σαββάτου,) ἠρώτησαν τὸν Πιλάτον ἵνα κατεαγῶσιν αὐτῶν τὰ σκέλη, καὶ ἀρθῶσιν.", "text": "The *oun Ioudaioi*, *epei Paraskeuē ēn*, *hina mē meinē epi tou staurou ta sōmata en tō sabbatō*, (*ēn gar megalē hē hēmera ekeinou tou sabbatou*,) *ērōtēsan ton Pilaton hina kateagōsin autōn ta skelē*, and *arthōsin*.", "grammar": { "*oun*": "conjunction, inferential - therefore/then", "*Ioudaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - Jews/Judeans", "*epei*": "conjunction - since/because", "*Paraskeuē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - Preparation/Friday", "*ēn*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - it was", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*mē*": "negation - not", "*meinē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might remain", "*epi*": "preposition with genitive - on/upon", "*tou staurou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - the cross", "*ta sōmata*": "nominative, neuter, plural - the bodies", "*en*": "preposition with dative - in/on", "*tō sabbatō*": "dative, neuter, singular - the Sabbath", "*ēn*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - was", "*gar*": "conjunction, explanatory - for/because", "*megalē*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - great/important", "*hē hēmera*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the day", "*ekeinou*": "demonstrative pronoun, genitive, neuter, singular - of that", "*tou sabbatou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - Sabbath", "*ērōtēsan*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - they asked", "*ton Pilaton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Pilate", "*hina*": "conjunction - that/so that", "*kateagōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd plural - might be broken", "*autōn*": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of them", "*ta skelē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - the legs", "*arthōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd plural - might be taken away" }, "variants": { "*epei*": "since/because", "*Paraskeuē*": "Preparation Day/Friday", "*meinē*": "might remain/continue", "*sōmata*": "bodies/corpses", "*sabbatō*": "Sabbath/seventh day", "*megalē*": "great/important/high", "*hēmera*": "day", "*ērōtēsan*": "asked/requested", "*kateagōsin*": "might be broken/fractured", "*skelē*": "legs/limbs", "*arthōsin*": "might be taken away/removed" } } 32 { "verseID": "John.19.32", "source": "Ἦλθον οὖν οἱ στρατιῶται, καὶ τοῦ μὲν πρώτου κατέαξαν τὰ σκέλη, καὶ τοῦ ἄλλου τοῦ συσταυρωθέντος αὐτῷ.", "text": "*Ēlthon oun hoi stratiōtai*, and *tou men prōtou kateaxan ta skelē*, and *tou allou tou systaurōthentos autō*.", "grammar": { "*Ēlthon*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - they came", "*oun*": "conjunction, inferential - therefore/then", "*hoi stratiōtai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - the soldiers", "*tou men*": "genitive, masculine, singular + particle - of the one [on the one hand]", "*prōtou*": "adjective, genitive, masculine, singular - first", "*kateaxan*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - they broke", "*ta skelē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the legs", "*tou allou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the other", "*tou systaurōthentos*": "aorist passive participle, genitive, masculine, singular - having been crucified with", "*autō*": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - with him" }, "variants": { "*Ēlthon*": "came/went", "*stratiōtai*": "soldiers/military men", "*prōtou*": "first/first one", "*kateaxan*": "broke/fractured", "*skelē*": "legs/limbs", "*tou allou*": "of the other/of the second", "*systaurōthentos*": "having been crucified with/crucified alongside" } }
- Judg 1:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Judges.1.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲדֹֽנִי־בֶ֗זֶק שִׁבְעִ֣ים ׀ מְלָכִ֡ים בְּֽהֹנוֹת֩ יְדֵיהֶ֨ם וְרַגְלֵיהֶ֜ם מְקֻצָּצִ֗ים הָי֤וּ מְלַקְּטִים֙ תַּ֣חַת שֻׁלְחָנִ֔י כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔יתִי כֵּ֥ן שִׁלַּם־לִ֖י אֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיְבִיאֻ֥הוּ יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם וַיָּ֥מָת שָֽׁם׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾĂdōnî-bezeq*: *šibʿîm* *məlāḵîm* with *bəhōnôt* their hands and their feet *məquṣṣāṣîm* *hāyû* *məlaqqəṭîm* under *šulḥānî*, as *kaʾăšer* *ʿāśîtî*, so *šillam-lî* *ʾĕlōhîm*. And *wayəbîʾuhû* *Yərûšālaim* and *wayyāmāt* there.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾĂdōnî-bezeq*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Adoni-bezek (lord of Bezek)", "*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number, common - seventy", "*məlāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*bəhōnôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - thumbs/big toes of", "*məquṣṣāṣîm*": "pual participle, masculine plural - being cut off", "*hāyû*": "perfect, qal, 3rd common plural - they were", "*məlaqqəṭîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - gathering", "*šulḥānî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - my table", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative pronoun - as/just as", "*ʿāśîtî*": "perfect, qal, 1st common singular - I did/have done", "*šillam-lî*": "perfect, piel, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 1st common singular suffix - he has repaid to me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (used as singular) - God", "*wayəbîʾuhû*": "consecutive imperfect, hiphil, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they brought him", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun, place name - Jerusalem", "*wayyāmāt*": "consecutive imperfect, qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he died" }, "variants": { "*məquṣṣāṣîm*": "cut off/amputated/severed", "*hāyû*": "were/had been/used to be", "*məlaqqəṭîm*": "gathering/picking up/gleaning", "*šillam-lî*": "repaid me/requited me/recompensed me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being" } }
- 1 Sam 11:2 : 2 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.11.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם נָחָשׁ֙ הָעַמּוֹנִ֔י בְּזֹאת֙ אֶכְרֹ֣ת לָכֶ֔ם בִּנְק֥וֹר לָכֶ֖ם כָּל־עֵ֣ין יָמִ֑ין וְשַׂמְתִּ֥יהָ חֶרְפָּ֖ה עַל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to them *nāḥāš* the *ʿammônî* in *bəzōʾt* I will *ʾekrōt* to you in *binqôr* to you all eye *yāmîn* and *wəśamtîhā* *ḥerpâ* on all *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*nāḥāš*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nahash", "*ʿammônî*": "adjective, masculine singular - Ammonite", "*bəzōʾt*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun feminine singular - in/with this", "*ʾekrōt*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will cut", "*binqôr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - in gouging out", "*yāmîn*": "noun, feminine singular - right", "*wəśamtîhā*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and I will make it", "*ḥerpâ*": "noun, feminine singular - reproach/disgrace", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*ʾekrōt*": "cut/make (covenant)", "*binqôr*": "in gouging out/by boring out/by piercing", "*ʿên yāmîn*": "right eye", "*ḥerpâ*": "reproach/disgrace/shame/insult" } }
- Gen 33:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.33.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו אֲדֹנִ֤י יֹדֵ֙עַ֙ כִּֽי־הַיְלָדִ֣ים רַכִּ֔ים וְהַצֹּ֥אן וְהַבָּקָ֖ר עָל֣וֹת עָלָ֑י וּדְפָקוּם֙ י֣וֹם אֶחָ֔ד וָמֵ֖תוּ כָּל־הַצֹּֽאן׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* to him *ʾădōnî* *yōdēaʿ* that-the *yəlādîm* *rakkîm* and the *ṣōʾn* and the *bāqār* *ʿālôt* upon me and *û-dəpāqûm* *yôm* *ʾeḥād* *wā-mētû* all-the *ṣōʾn*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my lord", "*yōdēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - knowing", "*yəlādîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the children", "*rakkîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - tender/delicate", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, feminine singular collective with definite article - the flock/sheep", "*bāqār*": "noun, masculine singular collective with definite article - the herd/cattle", "*ʿālôt*": "Qal participle, feminine plural - nursing/giving suck", "*û-dəpāqûm*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and if they drive them", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number, masculine singular - one", "*wā-mētû*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - then they will die", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, feminine singular collective with definite article - the flock/sheep" }, "variants": { "*yōdēaʿ*": "knowing/is aware", "*rakkîm*": "tender/delicate/young", "*ʿālôt*": "nursing/giving suck/with young", "*dəpāqûm*": "drive them/overexert them/push them", "*mētû*": "will die/will perish" } } 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.33.14", "source": "יַעֲבָר־נָ֥א אֲדֹנִ֖י לִפְנֵ֣י עַבְדּ֑וֹ וַאֲנִ֞י אֶֽתְנָהֲלָ֣ה לְאִטִּ֗י לְרֶ֨גֶל הַמְּלָאכָ֤ה אֲשֶׁר־לְפָנַי֙ וּלְרֶ֣גֶל הַיְלָדִ֔ים עַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־אָבֹ֥א אֶל־אֲדֹנִ֖י שֵׂעִֽירָה׃", "text": "Let pass-please *ʾădōnî* before *ʿabdô* and I *ʾetnāhălāh* at my *lə-ʾiṭṭî* at *regel* the *məlāʾkāh* which-before me and at *regel* the *yəlādîm* until which-*ʾābōʾ* to-*ʾădōnî* *śēʿîrāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my lord", "*ʿabdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servant", "*ʾetnāhălāh*": "Hithpael imperfect, 1st common singular cohortative - I will lead on gently", "*lə-ʾiṭṭî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - at my pace/slowly", "*regel*": "noun, feminine singular construct - pace of/foot of", "*məlāʾkāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the work/property/cattle", "*yəlādîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the children", "*ʾābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I come/arrive", "*śēʿîrāh*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Seir" }, "variants": { "*ʾetnāhălāh*": "I will lead on gently/proceed slowly/move along", "*lə-ʾiṭṭî*": "at my pace/slowly/gently", "*regel*": "pace/foot/according to the speed", "*məlāʾkāh*": "work/property/goods/cattle that are before me", "*ʾābōʾ*": "I come/arrive/reach", "*śēʿîrāh*": "to Seir/toward Seir" } }
- Gen 37:26-28 : 26 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.26", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוּדָ֖ה אֶל־אֶחָ֑יו מַה־בֶּ֗צַע כִּ֤י נַהֲרֹג֙ אֶת־אָחִ֔ינוּ וְכִסִּ֖ינוּ אֶת־דָּמֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *yəhûḏâ* to-his *ʾeḥāyw*: What-*beṣaʿ* if *kî* *nahărōḡ* *ʾeṯ*-our *ʾāḥînû* and *wə-ḵissînû* *ʾeṯ*-his *dāmô*?", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*yəhûḏâ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Judah'", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his brothers'", "*beṣaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'profit/gain'", "*kî*": "conjunction - 'if/that'", "*nahărōḡ*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - 'we kill'", "*ʾāḥînû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common plural suffix - 'our brother'", "*wə-ḵissînû*": "waw-conjunctive with piel perfect 1st common plural - 'and we conceal'", "*dāmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his blood'" }, "variants": { "*beṣaʿ*": "profit/gain/advantage", "*ḵissînû*": "covered/concealed/hidden" } } 27 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.27", "source": "לְכ֞וּ וְנִמְכְּרֶ֣נּוּ לַיִּשְׁמְעֵאלִ֗ים וְיָדֵ֙נוּ֙ אַל־תְּהִי־ב֔וֹ כִּֽי־אָחִ֥ינוּ בְשָׂרֵ֖נוּ ה֑וּא וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֖וּ אֶחָֽיו׃", "text": "*ləḵû* and *wə-nimkərennû* to the *la-yyišməʿēlîm*, and our *wə-yāḏênû* not *təhî*-against him, for *kî*-our *ʾāḥînû* our *bəśārênû* he; and *wə-yišməʿû* his *ʾeḥāyw*", "grammar": { "*ləḵû*": "imperative 2nd masculine plural - 'go/come'", "*wə-nimkərennû*": "waw-conjunctive with qal imperfect 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and let us sell him'", "*la-yyišməʿēlîm*": "preposition with definite article and proper noun, masculine plural - 'to the Ishmaelites'", "*wə-yāḏênû*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular with 1st common plural suffix - 'and our hand'", "*təhî*": "qal imperfect jussive 3rd feminine singular - 'let it be'", "*ʾāḥînû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common plural suffix - 'our brother'", "*bəśārênû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common plural suffix - 'our flesh'", "*wə-yišməʿû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they listened/heeded'" }, "variants": { "*bəśārênû*": "our flesh/our relative/our kinsman" } } 28 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.28", "source": "וַיַּֽעַבְרוּ֩ אֲנָשִׁ֨ים מִדְיָנִ֜ים סֹֽחֲרִ֗ים וַֽיִּמְשְׁכוּ֙ וַיַּֽעֲל֤וּ אֶת־יוֹסֵף֙ מִן־הַבּ֔וֹר וַיִּמְכְּר֧וּ אֶת־יוֹסֵ֛ף לַיִּשְׁמְעֵאלִ֖ים בְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים כָּ֑סֶף וַיָּבִ֥יאוּ אֶת־יוֹסֵ֖ף מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃", "text": "And *wə-yaʿaḇrû* *ʾănāšîm* *miḏyānîm* *sōḥărîm*, and *wə-yimšəḵû* and *wə-yaʿălû* *ʾeṯ*-*yôsēp̄* from-the *min-ha-bbôr* and *wə-yimkərû* *ʾeṯ*-*yôsēp̄* to the *la-yyišməʿēlîm* for twenty *kāsep̄*; and *wə-yāḇîʾû* *ʾeṯ*-*yôsēp̄* *miṣrāyəmâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿaḇrû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they passed by'", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'men'", "*miḏyānîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - 'Midianites'", "*sōḥărîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - 'merchants/traders'", "*wə-yimšəḵû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they drew up'", "*wə-yaʿălû*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they brought up'", "*min-ha-bbôr*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - 'from the pit'", "*wə-yimkərû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they sold'", "*la-yyišməʿēlîm*": "preposition with definite article and proper noun, masculine plural - 'to the Ishmaelites'", "*kāsep̄*": "noun, masculine singular - 'silver/money'", "*wə-yāḇîʾû*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they brought'", "*miṣrāyəmâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - 'to Egypt'" }, "variants": { "*yaʿaḇrû*": "passed by/crossed over", "*yimšəḵû*": "drew/pulled/dragged" } }
- Num 22:28-32 : 28 { "verseID": "Numbers.22.28", "source": "וַיִּפְתַּ֥ח יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־פִּ֣י הָאָת֑וֹן וַתֹּ֤אמֶר לְבִלְעָם֙ מֶה־עָשִׂ֣יתִֽי לְךָ֔ כִּ֣י הִכִּיתַ֔נִי זֶ֖ה שָׁלֹ֥שׁ רְגָלִֽים׃", "text": "And *yiptaḥ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*pi* the-*ʾaton*, and *tomer* to *Bilʿam*, What-*ʿasiti* to you, that *hikkitani* this *shalosh* *regalim*?", "grammar": { "*yiptaḥ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he opened", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*pi*": "masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*ʾaton*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the female donkey", "*tomer*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - and she said", "*Bilʿam*": "proper noun - Balaam", "*ʿasiti*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have done", "*hikkitani*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you have struck me", "*shalosh*": "feminine cardinal number - three", "*regalim*": "feminine plural noun - times/feet" }, "variants": { "*yiptaḥ*": "opened/unsealed", "*pi*": "mouth/speech", "*tomer*": "said/spoke", "*hikkitani*": "you have struck me/you have beaten me", "*regalim*": "times/instances/feet (literally 'three feet' as idiom for 'three times')" } } 29 { "verseID": "Numbers.22.29", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר בִּלְעָם֙ לָֽאָת֔וֹן כִּ֥י הִתְעַלַּ֖לְתְּ בִּ֑י ל֤וּ יֶשׁ־חֶ֙רֶב֙ בְּיָדִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה הֲרַגְתִּֽיךְ׃", "text": "And *yomer* *Bilʿam* to the-*ʾaton*, Because *hitʿallalt* in me; if *yesh*-*ḥereb* in *yadi*, then now *haragtik*.", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*Bilʿam*": "proper noun - Balaam", "*ʾaton*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the female donkey", "*hitʿallalt*": "hithpael perfect 2nd person feminine singular - you have made a fool", "*yesh*": "particle of existence - there is", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*yadi*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*haragtik*": "qal perfect 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I would have killed you" }, "variants": { "*hitʿallalt*": "you have made a fool/you have mocked/you have abused", "*haragtik*": "I would have killed you/I would have slain you" } } 30 { "verseID": "Numbers.22.30", "source": "וַתֹּ֨אמֶר הָאָת֜וֹן אֶל־בִּלְעָ֗ם הֲלוֹא֩ אָנֹכִ֨י אֲתֹֽנְךָ֜ אֲשֶׁר־רָכַ֣בְתָּ עָלַ֗י מֵעֽוֹדְךָ֙ עַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה הַֽהַסְכֵּ֣ן הִסְכַּ֔נְתִּי לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת לְךָ֖ כֹּ֑ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לֹֽא׃", "text": "And *tomer* the-*ʾaton* to-*Bilʿam*, Not *ʾanoki* *ʾatonka* which-*rakabta* upon me from *ʿodka* until-the-*yom* the-this? *hahasken* *hiskanti* to do to you thus? And *yomer*, No.", "grammar": { "*tomer*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - and she said", "*ʾaton*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the female donkey", "*Bilʿam*": "proper noun - Balaam", "*ʾanoki*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʾatonka*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your female donkey", "*rakabta*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have ridden", "*ʿodka*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your continuing/ever since you have been", "*yom*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*hahasken*": "hiphil infinitive absolute with interrogative prefix - ?being accustomed", "*hiskanti*": "hiphil perfect 1st person singular - I have been accustomed", "*yomer*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said" }, "variants": { "*ʾanoki*": "I/I myself", "*rakabta*": "you have ridden/you have mounted", "*ʿodka*": "your continuing existence/ever since you have been", "*hahasken hiskanti*": "have I ever been accustomed/have I ever been in the habit (emphatic construction)" } } 31 { "verseID": "Numbers.22.31", "source": "וַיְגַ֣ל יְהוָה֮ אֶת־עֵינֵ֣י בִלְעָם֒ וַיַּ֞רְא אֶת־מַלְאַ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ נִצָּ֣ב בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְחַרְבּ֥וֹ שְׁלֻפָ֖ה בְּיָד֑וֹ וַיִּקֹּ֥ד וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לְאַפָּֽיו׃", "text": "And *yegal* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*ʿeynei* *Bilʿam*, and *yarʾ* *ʾet*-*malʾak* *YHWH* *nitzab* in the-*derek* and *ḥarbo* *shlufah* in *yado*; and *yiqqod* and *yishtaḥu* to *ʾappaw*.", "grammar": { "*yegal*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he uncovered", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʿeynei*": "feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*Bilʿam*": "proper noun - Balaam", "*yarʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he saw", "*malʾak*": "masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*nitzab*": "niphal participle masculine singular - standing/positioned", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the way/road", "*ḥarbo*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sword", "*shlufah*": "qal passive participle feminine singular - drawn", "*yado*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*yiqqod*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he bowed", "*yishtaḥu*": "hishtaphel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he prostrated himself", "*ʾappaw*": "masculine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/nostrils" }, "variants": { "*yegal*": "uncovered/opened/revealed", "*nitzab*": "standing/positioned/stationed", "*shlufah*": "drawn/unsheathed", "*yiqqod*": "bowed/bent down", "*yishtaḥu*": "prostrated himself/worshipped", "*ʾappaw*": "his face/his nostrils (idiomatic for prostrating oneself)" } } 32 { "verseID": "Numbers.22.32", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה עַל־מָ֗ה הִכִּ֙יתָ֙ אֶת־אֲתֹ֣נְךָ֔ זֶ֖ה שָׁל֣וֹשׁ רְגָלִ֑ים הִנֵּ֤ה אָנֹכִי֙ יָצָ֣אתִי לְשָׂטָ֔ן כִּֽי־יָרַ֥ט הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ לְנֶגְדִּֽי׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* to-him *malʾak* *YHWH*, upon-what *hikkîtā* *ʾet*-*ʾătōnkā* this *šālôš* *rəgālîm*; *hinnēh* *ʾānōkî* *yāṣāʾtî* *lə-śāṭān* because-*yāraṭ* the-*derek* before-me", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*malʾak*": "construct state, masculine singular - messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*hikkîtā*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have struck", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾătōnkā*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your female donkey", "*šālôš*": "cardinal number, feminine - three", "*rəgālîm*": "masculine plural noun - times/feet/occasions", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*yāṣāʾtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have come out", "*lə-śāṭān*": "preposition + noun - as/for an adversary", "*yāraṭ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is precipitous/contrary", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the way/road/journey" }, "variants": { "*malʾak*": "messenger/angel", "*hikkîtā*": "struck/beaten/smitten", "*rəgālîm*": "times/feet/occasions", "*lə-śāṭān*": "as an adversary/opponent/one who obstructs", "*yāraṭ*": "is precipitous/contrary/perverse/headlong", "*derek*": "way/road/journey/path" } }