Verse 39

{ "verseID": "Psalms.106.39", "source": "וַיִּטְמְא֥וּ בְמַעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם וַ֝יִּזְנ֗וּ בְּמַ֥עַלְלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyiṭmə'ū* in-*ma'ăśêhem* *wayyiznū* in-*ma'alələlêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyiṭmə'ū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they became unclean", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their works", "*wayyiznū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they played the harlot", "*ma'alələlêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their deeds" }, "variants": { "*wayyiṭmə'ū*": "and they became unclean/were defiled/were made impure", "*ma'ăśêhem*": "their works/deeds/actions", "*wayyiznū*": "and they played the harlot/were unfaithful/prostituted themselves", "*ma'alələlêhem*": "their deeds/acts/practices" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Ezek 20:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.18", "source": "וָאֹמַ֤ר אֶל־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר בְּחוּקֵּ֤י אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ אַל־תֵּלֵ֔כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּטַּמָּֽאוּ", "text": "And *ʾōmar* to their *bənêhem* in the *midbar*, in the *ḥûqqê* of your *ʾăbôtêkem* not *tēlēkû*, and their *mišpəṭêhem* not *tišmōrû*, and with their *gillûlêhem* not *tiṭṭammāʾû*", "grammar": { "*wā-*": "conjunction, consecutive - and, so", "*ʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I said", "*ʾel-bənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their children/sons", "*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*bə-ḥûqqê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in the statutes of", "*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tēlēkû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall walk", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*mišpəṭêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their judgments", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tišmōrû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall keep/observe", "*û-bə-gillûlêhem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and with their idols", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall defile yourselves" }, "variants": { "*ḥûqqê*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws", "*tēlēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to", "*mišpəṭêhem*": "their judgments, ordinances, legal decisions", "*tišmōrû*": "keep, observe, guard", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols, their dung-gods (derogatory term)", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "defile yourselves, make yourselves unclean" } }
  • Num 15:39 : 39 { "verseID": "Numbers.15.39", "source": "וְהָיָ֣ה לָכֶם֮ לְצִיצִת֒ וּרְאִיתֶ֣ם אֹת֗וֹ וּזְכַרְתֶּם֙ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם וְלֹֽא־תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* to-you for-*ṣîṣit* *û-rəʾîtem* *ʾōtô* *û-zəḵartem* *ʾet*-all-*miṣwōt* *YHWH* *wa-ʿăśîtem* *ʾōtām* *wə-lōʾ*-*tātūrû* after *ləḇaḇḵem* and-after *ʿênêḵem* which-you *zōnîm* after-them", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "waw-consecutive + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*ṣîṣit*": "feminine singular noun - tassel/fringe", "*û-rəʾîtem*": "waw-conjunctive + perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall see", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it", "*û-zəḵartem*": "waw-conjunctive + perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall remember", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwōt*": "feminine plural construct - commandments of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*wa-ʿăśîtem*": "waw-consecutive + perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall do", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*wə-lōʾ*": "waw-conjunctive + negative particle - and not", "*tātūrû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall search/follow", "*ləḇaḇḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your heart", "*ʿênêḵem*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your eyes", "*zōnîm*": "participle, masculine plural - going astray/being unfaithful" }, "variants": { "*ṣîṣit*": "tassel/fringe/thread", "*tātūrû*": "follow/explore/seek out/spy", "*zōnîm*": "committing harlotry/being unfaithful/straying/whoring" } }
  • Lev 17:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Leviticus.17.7", "source": "וְלֹא־יִזְבְּח֥וּ עוֹד֙ אֶת־זִבְחֵיהֶ֔ם לַשְּׂעִירִ֕ם אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם חֻקַּ֥ת עוֹלָ֛ם תִּֽהְיֶה־זֹּ֥את לָהֶ֖ם לְדֹרֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And not *yizbĕḥû* again *et-zibḥêhem* to the *śĕʿîrîm* which they *zōnîm* after them; *ḥuqqat* *ʿôlām* *tihyeh-zōʾt* to them for their *dōrōtām*", "grammar": { "*yizbĕḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall sacrifice", "*et-zibḥêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person plural suffix - their sacrifices", "*śĕʿîrîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the goat-demons/satyrs", "*zōnîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - committing harlotry/being unfaithful", "*ḥuqqat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - statute/ordinance of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/perpetuity", "*tihyeh-zōʾt*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + demonstrative pronoun - this shall be", "*dōrōtām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their generations" }, "variants": { "*yizbĕḥû*": "they shall sacrifice/offer", "*zibḥêhem*": "their sacrifices/offerings", "*śĕʿîrîm*": "goat-demons/satyrs/goat idols", "*zōnîm*": "playing the harlot/being unfaithful/committing idolatry", "*ḥuqqat*": "statute/ordinance/regulation", "*ʿôlām*": "perpetual/everlasting/forever", "*dōrōtām*": "their generations/throughout their generations" } }
  • Hos 9:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.1", "source": "אַל־תִּשְׂמַ֨ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל ׀ אֶל־גִּיל֙ כָּֽעַמִּ֔ים כִּ֥י זָנִ֖יתָ מֵעַ֣ל אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ אָהַ֣בְתָּ אֶתְנָ֔ן עַ֖ל כָּל־גָּרְנ֥וֹת דָּגָֽן׃", "text": "Not *tiśmaḥ* *yiśrāʾēl* to *gîl* like-the-*ʿammîm* because *zānîtā* from-upon *ʾĕlōhêkā*; *ʾāhabtā* *ʾetnān* upon all-*gornôt* of-*dāgān*.", "grammar": { "*tiśmaḥ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular with negative particle - 'do not rejoice'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, vocative - 'Israel' (addressed)", "*gîl*": "infinitive construct - 'rejoicing/joy'", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'peoples/nations'", "*zānîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you committed fornication/were unfaithful'", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your God'", "*ʾāhabtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you loved'", "*ʾetnān*": "noun - 'payment/hire (for prostitution)'", "*gornôt*": "plural construct form of *gōren* - 'threshing floors of'", "*dāgān*": "masculine singular noun - 'grain/corn'" }, "variants": { "*gîl*": "rejoicing/joy/exultation", "*zānîtā*": "you committed prostitution/were unfaithful/played the harlot", "*ʾetnān*": "payment for prostitution/hire/wages of prostitution", "*gornôt*": "threshing floors/granaries", "*dāgān*": "grain/corn/wheat" } }
  • Ezek 20:30-31 : 30 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.30", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן אֱמֹ֣ר ׀ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הַבְּדֶ֥רֶךְ אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם אַתֶּ֣ם נִטְמְאִ֑ים וְאַחֲרֵ֥י שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶ֖ם אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִֽים׃", "text": "*lāḵēn* *ʾĕmōr* *ʾel*-*bêṯ* *yiśrāʾēl* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *habəḏereḵ* *ʾăḇôṯêḵem* *ʾattem* *niṭməʾîm* *wəʾaḥărê* *šiqqûṣêhem* *ʾattem* *zōnîm*", "grammar": { "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus", "*ʾĕmōr*": "imperative, masculine singular - say/speak", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*bêṯ*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*habəḏereḵ*": "interrogative + preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the way of?", "*ʾăḇôṯêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*niṭməʾîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - being defiled/made unclean", "*wəʾaḥărê*": "conjunction + preposition - and after", "*šiqqûṣêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their detestable things", "*zōnîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - prostituting/being unfaithful" }, "variants": { "*lāḵēn*": "therefore/consequently/for this reason", "*ʾĕmōr*": "speak/tell/command", "*bêṯ*": "house/household/dynasty/family", "*niṭməʾîm*": "becoming unclean/being defiled/making yourselves impure", "*šiqqûṣêhem*": "their abominations/detestable things/idols", "*zōnîm*": "whoring/prostituting/being unfaithful [metaphorically]" } } 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.31", "source": "וּבִשְׂאֵ֣ת מַתְּנֹֽתֵיכֶ֡ם בְּֽהַעֲבִיר֩ בְּנֵיכֶ֨ם בָּאֵ֜שׁ אַתֶּם֩ נִטְמְאִ֤֨ים לְכָל־גִּלּֽוּלֵיכֶם֙ עַד־הַיּ֔וֹם וַאֲנִ֛י אִדָּרֵ֥שׁ לָכֶ֖ם בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל חַי־אָ֗נִי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה אִם־אִדָּרֵ֖שׁ לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*ûḇiśʾēṯ* *mattənōṯêḵem* *bəhaʿăḇîr* *bənêḵem* *bāʾēš* *ʾattem* *niṭməʾîm* *ləḵol*-*gillûlêḵem* *ʿaḏ*-*hayyôm* *waʾănî* *ʾiddārēš* *lāḵem* *bêṯ* *yiśrāʾēl* *ḥay*-*ʾānî* *nəʾum* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *ʾim*-*ʾiddārēš* *lāḵem*", "grammar": { "*ûḇiśʾēṯ*": "conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct - and in lifting up/offering", "*mattənōṯêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your gifts/offerings", "*bəhaʿăḇîr*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - in causing to pass over", "*bənêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*bāʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the fire", "*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*niṭməʾîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - being defiled/made unclean", "*ləḵol*": "preposition + noun - to all", "*gillûlêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your idols", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*waʾănî*": "conjunction + pronoun, 1st singular - and I", "*ʾiddārēš*": "niphal imperfect, 1st singular - will be inquired of/sought", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for you", "*bêṯ*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - living/alive", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine singular - declaration of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*ʾiddārēš*": "niphal imperfect, 1st singular - will be inquired of/sought" }, "variants": { "*ûḇiśʾēṯ*": "and in offering/and when you offer/and by presenting", "*mattənōṯêḵem*": "your gifts/your offerings/your presents", "*bəhaʿăḇîr*": "by causing to pass through/by making pass through/by offering", "*niṭməʾîm*": "becoming unclean/being defiled/making yourselves impure", "*gillûlêḵem*": "your idols/your dung-gods/your filthy things", "*ʾiddārēš*": "be inquired of/be consulted/be sought after", "*ḥay*-*ʾānî*": "as I live/by my life/as surely as I live [oath formula]", "*nəʾum*": "declaration of/utterance of/oracle of", "*ʾim*-*ʾiddārēš*": "I will not be inquired of [negative oath]" } }
  • Ezek 20:43 : 43 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.43", "source": "וּזְכַרְתֶּם־שָׁ֗ם אֶת־דַּרְכֵיכֶם֙ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־עֲלִיל֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִטְמֵאתֶ֖ם בָּ֑ם וּנְקֹֽטֹתֶם֙ בִּפְנֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכָל־רָעוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עֲשִׂיתֶֽם׃", "text": "And *zəḵartem* there *ʾet*-*darḵêḵem* and *ʾēt* all-*ʿălîlôtêḵem* which *niṭmēʾtem* in them; and *nəqōṭōtem* in *pənêḵem* in all-*rāʿôtêḵem* which *ʿăśîtem*.", "grammar": { "*zəḵartem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will remember", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*darḵêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ways", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿălîlôtêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your deeds/actions", "*niṭmēʾtem*": "verb, niphal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you were defiled/made unclean", "*nəqōṭōtem*": "verb, niphal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will loathe/be disgusted", "*pənêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your faces", "*rāʿôtêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your evils/wickedness", "*ʿăśîtem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you did/committed" }, "variants": { "*zəḵartem*": "remember/recall/bring to mind", "*darḵêḵem*": "ways/paths/conduct", "*ʿălîlôtêḵem*": "actions/deeds/practices/doings", "*niṭmēʾtem*": "were defiled/became unclean/made impure", "*nəqōṭōtem*": "loathe/be disgusted/feel self-disgust", "*pənêḵem*": "faces/presence/sight", "*rāʿôtêḵem*": "evils/wickedness/harmful deeds" } }
  • Ezek 23:3-9 : 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.3", "source": "וַתִּזְנֶ֣ינָה בְמִצְרַ֔יִם בִּנְעוּרֵיהֶ֖ן זָנ֑וּ שָׁ֚מָּה מֹעֲכ֣וּ שְׁדֵיהֶ֔ן וְשָׁ֣ם עִשּׂ֔וּ דַּדֵּ֖י בְּתוּלֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "And *wattiznênā* in *miṣrayim* in *binəʿûrêhen* *zānû* there *mōʿăkû* *šədêhen* and there *ʿiśśû* *daddê* *bətûlêhen*", "grammar": { "*wattiznênā*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *zānâ* - and they played the whore/committed fornication", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*binəʿûrêhen*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - in their youth", "*zānû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect of *zānâ* - they played the whore", "*mōʿăkû*": "3rd plural masculine Qal perfect - they pressed/squeezed/handled", "*šədêhen*": "plural construct noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - their breasts", "*ʿiśśû*": "3rd plural Piel perfect - they handled/squeezed/pressed", "*daddê*": "plural construct - breasts of", "*bətûlêhen*": "plural noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - their virginity/maidenhood" }, "variants": { "*zānâ*": "to commit fornication/play the harlot/be unfaithful", "*mōʿăkû*": "to press/handle/squeeze", "*daddê*": "breasts/love/affection", "*bətûlêhen*": "their virginity/maidenhood/youth" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.4", "source": "וּשְׁמוֹתָ֗ן אָהֳלָ֤ה הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ וְאָהֳלִיבָ֣ה אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתִּֽהְיֶ֣ינָה לִ֔י וַתֵּלַ֖דְנָה בָּנִ֣ים וּבָנ֑וֹת וּשְׁמוֹתָ֕ן שֹׁמְר֣וֹן אָהֳלָ֔ה וִירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם אָהֳלִיבָֽה׃", "text": "And *šəmôtān* *ʾāhŏlâ* *haggədôlâ* and *ʾāhŏlîḇâ* *ʾăḥôtāh* and *wattihyênâ* to me and *wattēladnâ* *bānîm* and *ḇānôt* and *šəmôtān* *šōmərôn* *ʾāhŏlâ* and *yərûšālaim* *ʾāhŏlîḇâ*", "grammar": { "*šəmôtān*": "plural noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - their names", "*ʾāhŏlâ*": "proper noun - Oholah (lit. 'her tent')", "*haggədôlâ*": "definite article + feminine adjective - the elder/greater", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "proper noun - Oholibah (lit. 'my tent is in her')", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister", "*wattihyênâ*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *hāyâ* - and they became", "*wattēladnâ*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *yālad* - and they bore", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons", "*ḇānôt*": "feminine plural noun - daughters", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʾāhŏlâ*": "Oholah/her tent", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "Oholibah/my tent is in her", "*haggədôlâ*": "the elder/greater/older", "*šōmərôn*": "Samaria/watch-mountain" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.5", "source": "וַתִּ֥זֶן אָהֳלָ֖ה תַּחְתָּ֑י וַתַּעְגַּב֙ עַֽל־מְאַהֲבֶ֔יהָ אֶל־אַשּׁ֖וּר קְרוֹבִֽים׃", "text": "And *wattizen* *ʾāhŏlâ* *taḥtāy* and *wattaʿgaḇ* *ʿal*-*məʾahăḇêhā* to-*ʾaššûr* *qərôḇîm*", "grammar": { "*wattizen*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *zānâ* - and she played the harlot", "*ʾāhŏlâ*": "proper noun - Oholah", "*taḥtāy*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - under me", "*wattaʿgaḇ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ʿāgaḇ* - and she lusted after", "*ʿal*-*məʾahăḇêhā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - after/upon her lovers", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*qərôḇîm*": "masculine plural adjective - neighboring/near" }, "variants": { "*taḥtāy*": "under me/while she was mine", "*ʿāgaḇ*": "to lust after/dote upon", "*məʾahăḇêhā*": "lovers/paramours", "*qərôḇîm*": "neighboring/near/approaching/who were close by" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.6", "source": "לְבֻשֵׁ֤י תְכֵ֙לֶת֙ פַּח֣וֹת וּסְגָנִ֔ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּ֑ם פָּרָשִׁ֕ים רֹכְבֵ֖י סוּסִֽים׃", "text": "*ləḇušê* *təḵēlet* *paḥôt* and *səḡānîm* *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* all of them *pārāšîm* *rōḵəḇê* *sûsîm*", "grammar": { "*ləḇušê*": "masculine plural construct - clothed in/wearing", "*təḵēlet*": "feminine singular noun - blue/purple", "*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors", "*səḡānîm*": "masculine plural noun - officials/rulers", "*baḥûrê*": "masculine plural construct - young men of", "*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desire/delight", "*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen", "*rōḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct participle - riders of", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses" }, "variants": { "*təḵēlet*": "blue/purple/violet", "*paḥôt*": "governors/captains/officials", "*səḡānîm*": "prefects/rulers/officials", "*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men", "*ḥemed*": "desire/desirability/precious" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.7", "source": "וַתִּתֵּ֤ן תַּזְנוּתֶ֙יהָ֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם מִבְחַ֥ר בְּנֵֽי־אַשּׁ֖וּר כֻּלָּ֑ם וּבְכֹ֧ל אֲשֶׁר־עֽ͏ָגְבָ֛ה בְּכָל־גִּלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם נִטְמָֽאָה׃", "text": "And *wattitēn* *taznûtêhā* upon them *miḇḥar* *bənê*-*ʾaššûr* all of them and with all whom *ʿāḡəḇâ* with all-*gillûlêhem* *niṭmāʾâ*", "grammar": { "*wattitēn*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *nātan* - and she gave/bestowed", "*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries/prostitutions", "*miḇḥar*": "construct singular - choice of/select", "*bənê*-*ʾaššûr*": "masculine plural construct noun + proper noun - sons of Assyria", "*ʿāḡəḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after", "*gillûlêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their idols", "*niṭmāʾâ*": "3rd feminine singular Niphal perfect - she was defiled" }, "variants": { "*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions/fornications", "*miḇḥar*": "choice/select/best", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols/images/filthy things", "*niṭmāʾâ*": "she was defiled/polluted" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.8", "source": "וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֤יהָ מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ לֹ֣א עָזָ֔בָה כִּ֤י אוֹתָהּ֙ שָׁכְב֣וּ בִנְעוּרֶ֔יהָ וְהֵ֥מָּה עִשּׂ֖וּ דַּדֵּ֣י בְתוּלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּשְׁפְּכ֥וּ תַזְנוּתָ֖ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-*taznûtêhā* from *miṣrayim* not *ʿāzāḇâ* for *ʾôtāh* *šāḵəḇû* in *ḇinəʿûrêhā* and they *ʿiśśû* *daddê* *ḇətûlêhā* and *wayyišpəḵû* *taznûtām* upon her", "grammar": { "*ʾet*-*taznûtêhā*": "direct object marker + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʿāzāḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she abandoned/left", "*ʾôtāh*": "direct object + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her/with her", "*šāḵəḇû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they lay/slept with", "*ḇinəʿûrêhā*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her youth", "*ʿiśśû*": "3rd plural Piel perfect - they handled/pressed", "*daddê*": "plural construct - breasts of", "*ḇətûlêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her virginity/maidenhood", "*wayyišpəḵû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *šāpaḵ* - and they poured out", "*taznûtām*": "plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fornication" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzāḇâ*": "she left/abandoned/forsook", "*šāḵəḇû*": "they lay with/slept with/had sexual relations with", "*daddê*": "breasts/love/affection", "*šāpaḵ*": "to pour out/spill", "*taznûtām*": "their fornication/harlotry/prostitution" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.9", "source": "לָכֵ֥ן נְתַתִּ֖יהָ בְּיַד־מְאַֽהֲבֶ֑יהָ בְּיַד֙ בְּנֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָגְבָ֖ה עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Therefore *nətattîhā* in *yad*-*məʾahăḇêhā* in *yad* *bənê* *ʾaššûr* whom *ʿāḡəḇâ* upon them", "grammar": { "*nətattîhā*": "1st singular Qal perfect + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I gave her", "*yad*-*məʾahăḇêhā*": "construct singular noun + masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - hand of her lovers", "*yad*": "singular noun - hand", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʿāḡəḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after" }, "variants": { "*nətattîhā*": "I gave her/delivered her", "*yad*": "hand/power/control", "*məʾahăḇêhā*": "her lovers/paramours" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.10", "source": "הֵמָּה֮ גִּלּ֣וּ עֶרְוָתָהּ֒ בָּנֶ֤יהָ וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ לָקָ֔חוּ וְאוֹתָ֖הּ בַּחֶ֣רֶב הָרָ֑גוּ וַתְּהִי־שֵׁם֙ לַנָּשִׁ֔ים וּשְׁפוּטִ֖ים עָ֥שׂוּ בָֽהּ׃", "text": "They *gillû* *ʿerwātāh* *bānêhā* and *ḇənôtêhā* *lāqāḥû* and her *baḥereḇ* *hārāḡû* and *wattəhî*-*šēm* to the *naššîm* and *šəfûṭîm* *ʿāśû* on her", "grammar": { "*gillû*": "3rd plural Piel perfect - they uncovered/exposed", "*ʿerwātāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness", "*bānêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sons", "*ḇənôtêhā*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her daughters", "*lāqāḥû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they took", "*baḥereḇ*": "preposition + definite article + singular noun - by the sword", "*hārāḡû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they killed", "*wattəhî*-*šēm*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *hāyâ* + noun - and she became a name/byword", "*naššîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the women", "*šəfûṭîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - judgments", "*ʿāśû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they executed/made" }, "variants": { "*gillû*": "they uncovered/exposed/revealed", "*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/genitals/shame", "*lāqāḥû*": "they took/seized/carried away", "*hārāḡû*": "they killed/slew", "*šēm*": "name/byword/infamous example", "*šəfûṭîm*": "judgments/penalties/punishments" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.11", "source": "וַתֵּ֙רֶא֙ אֲחוֹתָ֣הּ אָהֳלִיבָ֔ה וַתַּשְׁחֵ֥ת עַגְבָתָ֖הּ מִמֶּ֑נָּה וְאֶת־תַּ֨זְנוּתֶ֔יהָ מִזְּנוּנֵ֖י אֲחוֹתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wattēreʾ* *ʾăḥôtāh* *ʾāhŏlîḇâ* and *wattašḥēt* *ʿaḡḇātāh* than her and *ʾet*-*taznûtêhā* from *zənûnê* *ʾăḥôtāh*", "grammar": { "*wattēreʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and she saw", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister", "*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "proper noun - Oholibah", "*wattašḥēt*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *šāḥat* - and she corrupted", "*ʿaḡḇātāh*": "noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her lust", "*ʾet*-*taznûtêhā*": "direct object marker + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*zənûnê*": "plural construct - harlotries of", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister" }, "variants": { "*wattašḥēt*": "she corrupted/was more corrupt in", "*ʿaḡḇātāh*": "her lust/inordinate affection", "*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions", "*zənûnê*": "harlotries/prostitutions/fornications of" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.12", "source": "אֶל־בְּנֵי֩ אַשּׁ֨וּר עָגָ֜בָה פַּח֨וֹת וּסְגָנִ֤ים קְרֹבִים֙ לְבֻשֵׁ֣י מִכְל֔וֹל פָּרָשִׁ֖ים רֹכְבֵ֣י סוּסִ֑ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּֽם׃", "text": "Unto-*bənê* *ʾaššûr* *ʿāḡāḇâ* *paḥôt* and *səḡānîm* *qərōḇîm* *ləḇušê* *miḵlôl* *pārāšîm* *rōḵəḇê* *sûsîm* *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* all of them", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʿāḡāḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after", "*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors", "*səḡānîm*": "masculine plural noun - officials/rulers", "*qərōḇîm*": "masculine plural adjective - neighboring/near", "*ləḇušê*": "masculine plural construct - clothed in/wearing", "*miḵlôl*": "masculine singular noun - perfection/splendor", "*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen", "*rōḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct participle - riders of", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses", "*baḥûrê*": "masculine plural construct - young men of", "*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desire/delight" }, "variants": { "*paḥôt*": "governors/captains/officials", "*səḡānîm*": "prefects/rulers/officials", "*miḵlôl*": "perfection/splendor/gorgeous clothing", "*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men", "*ḥemed*": "desire/desirability/handsome" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.13", "source": "וָאֵ֖רֶא כִּ֣י נִטְמָ֑אָה דֶּ֥רֶךְ אֶחָ֖ד לִשְׁתֵּיהֶֽן׃", "text": "And *wāʾēreʾ* that *niṭmāʾâ* *dereḵ* *ʾeḥād* for both of them", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "1st singular Qal waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and I saw", "*niṭmāʾâ*": "3rd feminine singular Niphal perfect - she was defiled", "*dereḵ*": "masculine singular construct - way of", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral - one", "*lištêhen*": "preposition + dual feminine noun + 3rd feminine plural suffix - for both of them" }, "variants": { "*niṭmāʾâ*": "she was defiled/polluted/made unclean", "*dereḵ*": "way/path/manner" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.14", "source": "וַתּ֖וֹסֶף אֶל־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ וַתֵּ֗רֶא אַנְשֵׁי֙ מְחֻקֶּ֣ה עַל־הַקִּ֔יר צַלְמֵ֣י כַשְׂדִּ֔ים חֲקֻקִ֖ים בַּשָּׁשַֽׁר׃", "text": "And *wattôsef* unto-*taznûtêhā* and *wattēreʾ* *ʾanšê* *məḥuqqeh* upon-*haqqîr* *ṣalmê* *kaśdîm* *ḥăquqîm* in *baššāšar*", "grammar": { "*wattôsef*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāsap* - and she added", "*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*wattēreʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and she saw", "*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of", "*məḥuqqeh*": "passive participle - portrayed/drawn/carved", "*haqqîr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the wall", "*ṣalmê*": "masculine plural construct - images of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans", "*ḥăquqîm*": "masculine plural Qal passive participle - carved/engraved", "*baššāšar*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the vermilion/red ochre" }, "variants": { "*wattôsef*": "she increased/added to", "*məḥuqqeh*": "portrayed/drawn/carved", "*ṣalmê*": "images/likenesses/figures", "*ḥăquqîm*": "carved/engraved/portrayed", "*baššāšar*": "in vermilion/red ochre/bright red color" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.15", "source": "חֲגוֹרֵ֨י אֵז֜וֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶ֗ם סְרוּחֵ֤י טְבוּלִים֙ בְּרָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔ם מַרְאֵ֥ה שָׁלִשִׁ֖ים כֻּלָּ֑ם דְּמ֤וּת בְּנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֶ֖רֶץ מוֹלַדְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*ḥăḡôrê* *ʾēzôr* in *bəmātnêhem* *sərûḥê* *ṭəḇûlîm* in *bərāʾšêhem* *marʾēh* *šālišîm* all of them *dəmût* *bənê*-*ḇāḇel* *kaśdîm* *ʾereṣ* *môladtām*", "grammar": { "*ḥăḡôrê*": "masculine plural construct - girded with", "*ʾēzôr*": "masculine singular noun - belt/girdle", "*bəmātnêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - around their loins", "*sərûḥê*": "masculine plural construct - hanging down/flowing", "*ṭəḇûlîm*": "masculine plural noun - turbans/dyed attire", "*bərāʾšêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their heads", "*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - appearance of", "*šālišîm*": "masculine plural noun - officers", "*dəmût*": "feminine singular construct - likeness of", "*bənê*-*ḇāḇel*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Babylon", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*môladtām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their nativity/birth" }, "variants": { "*ḥăḡôrê*": "girded with/wearing", "*ʾēzôr*": "belt/girdle/waistband", "*sərûḥê*": "hanging down/flowing/redundant", "*ṭəḇûlîm*": "turbans/dyed attire/colored headdresses", "*marʾēh*": "appearance/sight/vision", "*šālišîm*": "officers/captains/nobles", "*dəmût*": "likeness/appearance/similitude", "*môladtām*": "their nativity/birthplace/native land" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.16", "source": "וַתַּעְגְּבָ֥ה עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְמַרְאֵ֣ה עֵינֶ֑יהָ וַתִּשְׁלַ֧ח מַלְאָכִ֛ים אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם כַּשְׂדִּֽימָה׃", "text": "And *wattaʿgəbâ* upon them to *marʾēh* *ʿênêhā* and *wattišlaḥ* *malʾāḵîm* to them *kaśdîmâ*", "grammar": { "*wattaʿgəbâ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ʿāgaḇ* - and she lusted after", "*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - sight of", "*ʿênêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her eyes", "*wattišlaḥ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *šālaḥ* - and she sent", "*malʾāḵîm*": "masculine plural noun - messengers", "*kaśdîmâ*": "proper noun + directional he - to Chaldea" }, "variants": { "*wattaʿgəbâ*": "she lusted after/doted upon", "*marʾēh*": "sight/appearance/vision", "*malʾāḵîm*": "messengers/envoys/ambassadors", "*kaśdîmâ*": "to Chaldea/toward the land of the Chaldeans" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.17", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ אֵלֶ֤יהָ בְנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ לְמִשְׁכַּ֣ב דֹּדִ֔ים וַיְטַמְּא֥וּ אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּתַזְנוּתָ֑ם וַתִּ֨טְמָא־בָ֔ם וַתֵּ֥קַע נַפְשָׁ֖הּ מֵהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyāḇōʾû* to her *bənê*-*ḇāḇel* to *miškab* *dōdîm* and *wayəṭamməʾû* her in *bətaznûtām* and *wattiṭmāʾ*-in them and *wattēqaʿ* *nafšāh* from them", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *bôʾ* - and they came", "*bənê*-*ḇāḇel*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Babylon", "*miškab*": "masculine singular construct - bed of", "*dōdîm*": "masculine plural noun - loves/carnal love", "*wayəṭamməʾû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *ṭāmēʾ* - and they defiled", "*bətaznûtām*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with their fornication", "*wattiṭmāʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ṭāmēʾ* - and she was defiled", "*wattēqaʿ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāqaʿ* - and she turned away", "*nafšāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her soul", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them" }, "variants": { "*miškab*": "bed/couch/place of lying", "*dōdîm*": "loves/caresses/sexual relations", "*wayəṭamməʾû*": "they defiled/polluted/made unclean", "*wattiṭmāʾ*": "she was defiled/polluted/made unclean", "*wattēqaʿ*": "she turned away/alienated/was disgusted with", "*nafšāh*": "her soul/desire/mind" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.18", "source": "וַתְּגַל֙ תַּזְנוּתֶ֔יהָ וַתְּגַ֖ל אֶת־עֶרְוָתָ֑הּ וַתֵּ֤קַע נַפְשִׁי֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י מֵעַ֥ל אֲחוֹתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wattəḡal* *taznûtêhā* and *wattəḡal* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh* and *wattēqaʿ* *nafšî* from upon her as *nāqəʿâ* *nafšî* from upon *ʾăḥôtāh*", "grammar": { "*wattəḡal*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *gālâ* - and she uncovered/revealed", "*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries", "*ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness", "*wattēqaʿ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāqaʿ* - and was alienated", "*nafšî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - my soul", "*nāqəʿâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - was alienated", "*ʾăḥôtāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister" }, "variants": { "*wattəḡal*": "she uncovered/revealed/exposed", "*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions/unfaithfulness", "*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/shame/genitals", "*wattēqaʿ*": "was alienated/turned away/became disgusted", "*nafšî*": "my soul/mind/desire", "*nāqəʿâ*": "was alienated/turned away/became disgusted" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.19", "source": "וַתַּרְבֶּ֖ה אֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ לִזְכֹּר֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָנְתָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And she *tarbeh* [increased] *ʾet*-*taznûteyhā* [her prostitutions] *lizkōr* *ʾet*-*yᵊmê* *nᵊʿûreyhā* [days of her youth] *ʾăšer* *zāntāh* [in which she prostituted] in *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* [land of Egypt].", "grammar": { "*tarbeh*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - multiplied/increased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*taznûteyhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her acts of prostitution/harlotry", "*lizkōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to remember/recall", "*yᵊmê*": "construct masculine plural of *yôm* (day)", "*nᵊʿûreyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her youth", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that/when", "*zāntāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - she played the harlot/prostituted herself", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct state - land/country of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*tarbeh*": "multiply/increase/make abundant", "*taznûteyhā*": "her prostitutions/harlotries/fornications", "*lizkōr*": "to remember/recall/bring to mind", "*nᵊʿûreyhā*": "her youth/young womanhood", "*zāntāh*": "played the harlot/prostituted herself/committed fornication" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.20", "source": "וַֽתַּעְגְּבָ֔ה עַ֖ל פִּֽלַגְשֵׁיהֶ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר בְּשַׂר־חֲמוֹרִים֙ בְּשָׂרָ֔ם וְזִרְמַ֥ת סוּסִ֖ים זִרְמָתָֽם׃", "text": "And she *taʿgᵊbāh* [lusted] *ʿal* *pilagšêhem* [after their paramours] *ʾăšer* *bᵊśar*-*ḥămôrîm* *bᵊśārām* [whose flesh is like donkeys' flesh] and *zirmat* *sûsîm* *zirmātām* [emission of horses is their emission].", "grammar": { "*taʿgᵊbāh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - she lusted/had inordinate affection", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/after/concerning", "*pilagšêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their concubines/paramours", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that/who", "*bᵊśar*": "construct state - flesh of", "*ḥămôrîm*": "masculine plural noun - donkeys", "*bᵊśārām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their flesh", "*zirmat*": "construct state - emission/discharge/flow of", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses", "*zirmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their emission" }, "variants": { "*taʿgᵊbāh*": "lusted after/doted upon/had inordinate affection", "*pilagšêhem*": "their paramours/concubines/lovers", "*bᵊśar*": "flesh/body/male organ", "*zirmat*": "emission/discharge/ejaculation", "*zirmātām*": "their emission/discharge/ejaculation" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.21", "source": "וַֽתִּפְקְדִ֔י אֵ֖ת זִמַּ֣ת נְעוּרָ֑יִךְ בַּעְשׂ֤וֹת מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ דַּדַּ֔יִךְ לְמַ֖עַן שְׁדֵ֥י נְעוּרָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And you *tipqᵊdî* [revisited] *ʾēt* *zimmat* *nᵊʿûrāyik* [lewdness of your youth] when *baʿśôt* *mimmiṣrayim* *daddayik* [the Egyptians handled your breasts] *lᵊmaʿan* *šᵊdê* *nᵊʿûrāyik* [because of the bosom of your youth].", "grammar": { "*tipqᵊdî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you visited/attended to/looked after", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*zimmat*": "construct state - lewdness/wickedness/plan of", "*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your youth", "*baʿśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition bet - in/when doing/handling", "*mimmiṣrayim*": "proper noun with preposition min - from/by Egypt", "*daddayik*": "masculine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your breasts", "*lᵊmaʿan*": "preposition - for the sake of/because of", "*šᵊdê*": "construct state - breasts/bosom of", "*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your youth" }, "variants": { "*tipqᵊdî*": "visited/attended to/sought after/revisited", "*zimmat*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity", "*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "your youth/young womanhood", "*baʿśôt*": "when handling/fondling/caressing", "*daddayik*": "your breasts/nipples", "*šᵊdê*": "breasts/bosom/chest" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.22", "source": "לָכֵ֣ן אָהֳלִיבָ֗ה כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ הִנְנִ֨י מֵעִ֤יר אֶת־מְאַהֲבַ֙יִךְ֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ מֵהֶ֑ם וַהֲבֵאתִ֥ים עָלַ֖יִךְ מִסָּבִֽיב׃", "text": "Therefore, *ʾohŏlîbāh* [Oholibah], thus *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *hinᵊnî* *mēʿîr* *ʾet*-*mᵊʾahăbayik* [Behold, I will stir up your lovers] *ʿālayik* [against you], *ʾēt* *ʾăšer*-*nāqᵊʿāh* *napšēk* *mēhem* [those from whom your soul is alienated], and I will *hăbêʾtîm* [bring them] *ʿālayik* [against you] *missābîb* [from all around].", "grammar": { "*ʾohŏlîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolic name)", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)", "*hinᵊnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*mēʿîr*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - stirring up/arousing", "*mᵊʾahăbayik*": "Piel participle masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your lovers", "*ʿālayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - upon/against you", "*nāqᵊʿāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was alienated/turned away", "*napšēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your soul", "*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*hăbêʾtîm*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will bring them", "*missābîb*": "preposition min + adverb - from all around/from every side" }, "variants": { "*ʾohŏlîbāh*": "Oholibah (means 'my tent is in her')", "*mēʿîr*": "stir up/arouse/awaken", "*mᵊʾahăbayik*": "your lovers/paramours", "*nāqᵊʿāh*": "alienated/turned away/dislocated", "*napšēk*": "your soul/life/desire/self", "*hăbêʾtîm*": "bring them/cause them to come" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.23", "source": "בְּנֵ֧י בָבֶ֣ל וְכָל־כַּשְׂדִּ֗ים פְּק֤וֹד וְשׁ֙וֹעַ֙ וְק֔וֹעַ כָּל־בְּנֵ֥י אַשּׁ֖וּר אוֹתָ֑ם בַּח֨וּרֵי חֶ֜מֶד פַּח֤וֹת וּסְגָנִים֙ כֻּלָּ֔ם שָֽׁלִשִׁים֙ וּקְרוּאִ֔ים רֹכְבֵ֥י סוּסִ֖ים כֻּלָּֽם׃", "text": "*bᵊnê* *bābel* and all *kaśdîm*, *pᵊqôd* and *šôaʿ* and *qôaʿ*, all *bᵊnê* *ʾaššûr* [sons of Babylon and all Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, all sons of Assyria] with them, *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* [desirable young men], *paḥôt* and *sᵊgānîm* [governors and rulers], all of them *šālišîm* and *qᵊrûʾîm* [officers and renowned ones], *rōkᵊbê* *sûsîm* [riders of horses], all of them.", "grammar": { "*bᵊnê*": "construct masculine plural - sons of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Chaldeans", "*pᵊqôd*": "proper noun - Pekod (people group)", "*šôaʿ*": "proper noun - Shoa (people group)", "*qôaʿ*": "proper noun - Koa (people group)", "*bᵊnê*": "construct masculine plural - sons of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*baḥûrê*": "construct masculine plural - young men of", "*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desirability/pleasantness", "*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors", "*sᵊgānîm*": "masculine plural noun - rulers/officials", "*šālišîm*": "masculine plural noun - officers/captains (third rank)", "*qᵊrûʾîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - called ones/renowned ones", "*rōkᵊbê*": "construct masculine plural Qal participle - riders of", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses" }, "variants": { "*bᵊnê*": "sons/children/people of", "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans", "*pᵊqôd*": "Pekod (people group or 'punishment/visitation')", "*šôaʿ*": "Shoa (people group or 'noble/wealthy')", "*qôaʿ*": "Koa (people group)", "*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men", "*ḥemed*": "desirability/pleasantness/delight", "*paḥôt*": "governors/captains", "*sᵊgānîm*": "rulers/officials/prefects", "*šālišîm*": "officers/captains/chariot warriors", "*qᵊrûʾîm*": "called ones/renowned ones/nobles", "*rōkᵊbê*": "riders/horsemen" } } 24 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.24", "source": "וּבָ֣אוּ עָלַ֡יִךְ הֹ֠צֶן רֶ֤כֶב וְגַלְגַּל֙ וּבִקְהַ֣ל עַמִּ֔ים צִנָּ֤ה וּמָגֵן֙ וְקוֹבַ֔ע יָשִׂ֥ימוּ עָלַ֖יִךְ סָבִ֑יב וְנָתַתִּ֤י לִפְנֵיהֶם֙ מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וּשְׁפָט֖וּךְ בְּמִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And they will *bāʾû* [come] *ʿālayik* [against you] *hōṣen* [with weapon/armor], *rekeb* and *galgal* [chariot and wheel], and *biqhal* *ʿammîm* [with assembly of peoples]; *ṣinnāh* and *māgēn* and *qôbaʿ* [buckler and shield and helmet] they will *yāśîmû* [set] *ʿālayik* [against you] *sābîb* [all around]. And I will *nātattî* [give] *lipnêhem* [before them] *mišpāṭ* [judgment], and they will *šᵊpāṭûk* [judge you] *bᵊmišpᵊṭêhem* [according to their judgments].", "grammar": { "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will come", "*ʿālayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - against you", "*hōṣen*": "noun - weapon/armor/apparatus", "*rekeb*": "masculine singular noun - chariot/vehicle", "*galgal*": "masculine singular noun - wheel/whirl", "*biqhal*": "masculine singular noun with preposition bet - with assembly/congregation", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - peoples/nations", "*ṣinnāh*": "feminine singular noun - large shield/buckler", "*māgēn*": "masculine singular noun - shield", "*qôbaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - helmet", "*yāśîmû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will set/place", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place", "*lipnêhem*": "preposition lamed + construct masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - before them", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment/justice/ordinance", "*šᵊpāṭûk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will judge you", "*bᵊmišpᵊṭêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition bet - according to their judgments" }, "variants": { "*hōṣen*": "weapon/armor/apparatus", "*rekeb*": "chariot/vehicle/riding equipment", "*galgal*": "wheel/whirl/rolling thing", "*ṣinnāh*": "large shield/buckler", "*māgēn*": "shield/defense", "*qôbaʿ*": "helmet/head covering", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal case", "*šᵊpāṭûk*": "judge you/decide your case/punish you", "*mišpᵊṭêhem*": "their judgments/customs/legal decisions" } } 25 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.25", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֨י קִנְאָתִ֜י בָּ֗ךְ וְעָשׂ֤וּ אוֹתָךְ֙ בְּחֵמָ֔ה אַפֵּ֤ךְ וְאָזְנַ֙יִךְ֙ יָסִ֔ירוּ וְאַחֲרִיתֵ֖ךְ בַּחֶ֣רֶב תִּפּ֑וֹל הֵ֗מָּה בָּנַ֤יִךְ וּבְנוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ יִקָּ֔חוּ וְאַחֲרִיתֵ֖ךְ תֵּאָכֵ֥ל בָּאֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "And I will *nātattî* [direct] *qinʾātî* [my jealousy] *bāk* [against you], and they will *ʿāśû* [deal] *ʾôtāk* [with you] *bᵊḥēmāh* [in fury]; *ʾappēk* and *ʾoznayik* [your nose and your ears] they will *yāsîrû* [remove], and *ʾaḥărîtēk* [your remnant] *baḥereb* [by the sword] *tippôl* [will fall]. *hēmmāh* [They] *bānayik* and *bᵊnôtayik* [your sons and your daughters] *yiqqāḥû* [will take], and *ʾaḥărîtēk* [your remnant] *tēʾākēl* [will be consumed] *bāʾēš* [by fire].", "grammar": { "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place/direct", "*qinʾātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my jealousy/zeal", "*bāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - in/against you", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will do/make/deal", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you", "*bᵊḥēmāh*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - in fury/wrath", "*ʾappēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nose", "*ʾoznayik*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ears", "*yāsîrû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will remove/take away", "*ʾaḥărîtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your remnant/posterity", "*baḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - by the sword", "*tippôl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will fall", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*bānayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sons", "*bᵊnôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your daughters", "*yiqqāḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will take", "*tēʾākēl*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be consumed/devoured", "*bāʾēš*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - by/with fire" }, "variants": { "*qinʾātî*": "my jealousy/zeal/ardor", "*ʿāśû*": "deal with/treat/act toward", "*bᵊḥēmāh*": "in fury/rage/wrath", "*ʾappēk*": "your nose/face/anger", "*yāsîrû*": "remove/take away/cut off", "*ʾaḥărîtēk*": "your remnant/remainder/posterity", "*tippôl*": "will fall/drop/be killed", "*yiqqāḥû*": "take/seize/capture", "*tēʾākēl*": "be consumed/devoured/burned" } } 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.26", "source": "וְהִפְשִׁיט֖וּךְ אֶת־בְּגָדָ֑יִךְ וְלָקְח֖וּ כְּלֵ֥י תִפְאַרְתֵּֽךְ׃", "text": "And they will *hipšîṭûk* [strip you] *ʾet*-*bᵊgādāyik* [of your clothes], and *lāqᵊḥû* [take] *kᵊlê* *tipʾartēk* [the vessels/jewelry of your beauty].", "grammar": { "*hipšîṭûk*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will strip you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bᵊgādāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your clothes/garments", "*lāqᵊḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will take", "*kᵊlê*": "construct masculine plural - vessels/implements/jewelry of", "*tipʾartēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your beauty/glory/splendor" }, "variants": { "*hipšîṭûk*": "strip you/remove your clothing/plunder you", "*bᵊgādāyik*": "your clothes/garments/attire", "*kᵊlê*": "vessels/instruments/articles/jewelry", "*tipʾartēk*": "your beauty/glory/splendor/adornment" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.27", "source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֤י זִמָּתֵךְ֙ מִמֵּ֔ךְ וְאֶת־זְנוּתֵ֖ךְ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְלֹֽא־תִשְׂאִ֤י עֵינַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וּמִצְרַ֖יִם לֹ֥א תִזְכְּרִי־עֽוֹד׃", "text": "And I will *hišbattî* [make to cease] *zimmātēk* [your lewdness] *mimmēk* [from you], and *ʾet*-*zᵊnûtēk* [your prostitution] from *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* [land of Egypt]; and not *tiśʾî* [will you lift] *ʿênayik* [your eyes] *ʾălêhem* [to them], and *miṣrayim* [Egypt] not *tizkᵊrî*-*ʿôd* [will you remember anymore].", "grammar": { "*hišbattî*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will cause to cease/stop", "*zimmātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lewdness/wickedness", "*mimmēk*": "preposition min with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zᵊnûtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your prostitution/harlotry", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct state - land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*tiśʾî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will lift/raise", "*ʿênayik*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/toward them", "*tizkᵊrî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will remember", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/anymore" }, "variants": { "*hišbattî*": "cause to cease/make to stop/end", "*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/wickedness/schemes", "*zᵊnûtēk*": "your prostitution/harlotry/fornication", "*tiśʾî*": "lift/raise/carry", "*ʿênayik*": "your eyes/sight/gaze", "*tizkᵊrî*": "remember/recall/mention" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.28", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִי֙ נֹֽתְנָ֔ךְ בְּיַ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֑את בְּיַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ מֵהֶֽם׃", "text": "For thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *hinᵊnî* *nōtᵊnāk* [Behold, I am giving you] *bᵊyad* *ʾăšer* *śānēʾt* [into the hand of those whom you hate], *bᵊyad* *ʾăšer*-*nāqᵊʿāh* *napšēk* *mēhem* [into the hand of those from whom your soul is alienated].", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)", "*hinᵊnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*nōtᵊnāk*": "Qal participle feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - giving you", "*bᵊyad*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - into the hand of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*śānēʾt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you hated", "*nāqᵊʿāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was alienated/turned away", "*napšēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your soul", "*mēhem*": "preposition min with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them" }, "variants": { "*nōtᵊnāk*": "giving you/delivering you/placing you", "*bᵊyad*": "into the hand/power/control of", "*śānēʾt*": "you hated/detested/abhorred", "*nāqᵊʿāh*": "was alienated/turned away/dislocated", "*napšēk*": "your soul/life/desire/self" } } 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.29", "source": "וְעָשׂ֨וּ אוֹתָ֜ךְ בְּשִׂנְאָ֗ה וְלָקְחוּ֙ כָּל־יְגִיעֵ֔ךְ וַעֲזָב֖וּךְ עֵירֹ֣ם וְעֶרְיָ֑ה וְנִגְלָה֙ עֶרְוַ֣ת זְנוּנַ֔יִךְ וְזִמָּתֵ֖ךְ וְתַזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And they will *ʿāśû* [deal with] *ʾôtāk* [you] *bᵊśinʾāh* [in hatred], and *lāqᵊḥû* [take] all *yᵊgîʿēk* [your labor], and *ʿăzābûk* [leave you] *ʿêrōm* and *ʿeryāh* [naked and bare]; and *niglāh* [will be uncovered] *ʿerwat* *zᵊnûnayik* [the nakedness of your prostitutions], and *zimmātēk* [your lewdness] and *taznûtāyik* [your harlotries].", "grammar": { "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will do/make/deal with", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you", "*bᵊśinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - in hatred", "*lāqᵊḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will take", "*yᵊgîʿēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your labor/product/fruit", "*ʿăzābûk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will leave you", "*ʿêrōm*": "masculine singular adjective - naked", "*ʿeryāh*": "feminine singular adjective - bare/exposed", "*niglāh*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it will be uncovered/revealed", "*ʿerwat*": "construct feminine singular - nakedness of", "*zᵊnûnayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your prostitutions", "*zimmātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lewdness/wickedness", "*taznûtāyik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśû*": "deal with/treat/act toward", "*bᵊśinʾāh*": "in hatred/enmity/hostility", "*yᵊgîʿēk*": "your labor/earnings/achievement", "*ʿăzābûk*": "leave you/abandon you/forsake you", "*ʿêrōm*": "naked/bare/uncovered", "*ʿeryāh*": "bare/nude/exposed", "*niglāh*": "be uncovered/revealed/exposed", "*ʿerwat*": "nakedness/shame/indecency of", "*zᵊnûnayik*": "your prostitutions/acts of harlotry", "*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/wickedness/schemes", "*taznûtāyik*": "your harlotries/fornications" } } 30 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.30", "source": "עָשֹׂ֥ה אֵ֖לֶּה לָ֑ךְ בִּזְנוֹתֵךְ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י גוֹיִ֔ם עַ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־נִטְמֵ֖את בְּגִלּוּלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*ʿāśōh* [Doing] *ʾēlleh* [these things] *lāk* [to you] *biznôtēk* [for your prostituting] *ʾaḥărê* *gôyim* [after nations], *ʿal* *ʾăšer*-*niṭmēʾt* [because you are defiled] *bᵊgillûlêhem* [with their idols].", "grammar": { "*ʿāśōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - doing/to do", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective - these", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to/for you", "*biznôtēk*": "Qal infinitive construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix and preposition bet - in your prostituting", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/behind", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/peoples", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*niṭmēʾt*": "Niphal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you are defiled/unclean", "*bᵊgillûlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition bet - with their idols" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśōh*": "doing/making/performing", "*biznôtēk*": "your prostituting yourself/committing fornication", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*niṭmēʾt*": "you are defiled/unclean/polluted", "*bᵊgillûlêhem*": "with their idols/dung-pellets/abominations" } } 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.31", "source": "בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ אֲחוֹתֵ֖ךְ הָלָ֑כְתְּ וְנָתַתִּ֥י כוֹסָ֖הּ בְּיָדֵֽךְ׃", "text": "In *derek* *ʾăḥôtēk* [the way of your sister] *hālākt* [you have walked]; and I will *nātattî* [give] *kôsāh* [her cup] *bᵊyādēk* [into your hand].", "grammar": { "*derek*": "construct masculine singular - way/path of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*hālākt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you walked/went", "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place", "*kôsāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her cup", "*bᵊyādēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix and preposition bet - into your hand" }, "variants": { "*derek*": "way/path/manner", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative", "*hālākt*": "you walked/went/followed", "*kôsāh*": "her cup/fate/portion", "*bᵊyādēk*": "into your hand/power/control" } } 32 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.32", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהֹוִ֔ה כּ֤וֹס אֲחוֹתֵךְ֙ תִּשְׁתִּ֔י הָעֲמֻקָּ֖ה וְהָרְחָבָ֑ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לִצְחֹ֛ק וּלְלַ֖עַג מִרְבָּ֥ה לְהָכִֽיל׃", "text": "Thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *kôs* *ʾăḥôtēk* [The cup of your sister] *tištî* [you shall drink], *hāʿămuqqāh* and *hārᵊḥābāh* [the deep and the wide]; *tihyeh* [it shall be] *liṣḥōq* and *lᵊlaʿag* [for scorn and for derision]; *mirbāh* *lᵊhākîl* [much to contain].", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*tištî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will drink", "*hāʿămuqqāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the deep", "*hārᵊḥābāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the wide", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*liṣḥōq*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - for scorn/laughter", "*lᵊlaʿag*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - for derision/mockery", "*mirbāh*": "feminine singular adjective - much/abundant", "*lᵊhākîl*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to contain/hold" }, "variants": { "*kôs*": "cup/vessel/portion", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative", "*tištî*": "you will drink/consume/endure", "*hāʿămuqqāh*": "the deep/profound", "*hārᵊḥābāh*": "the wide/broad/large", "*liṣḥōq*": "for scorn/laughter/ridicule", "*lᵊlaʿag*": "for derision/mockery/scoffing", "*mirbāh*": "much/abundant/great", "*lᵊhākîl*": "to contain/hold/receive" } } 33 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.33", "source": "שִׁכָּר֥וֹן וְיָג֖וֹן תִּמָּלֵ֑אִי כּ֚וֹס שַׁמָּ֣ה וּשְׁמָמָ֔ה כּ֖וֹס אֲחוֹתֵ֥ךְ שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*šikkārôn* and *yāgôn* [Drunkenness and sorrow] *timmālēʾî* [you will be filled with]; *kôs* *šammāh* and *šᵊmāmāh* [a cup of horror and desolation]; *kôs* *ʾăḥôtēk* *šōmᵊrôn* [the cup of your sister Samaria].", "grammar": { "*šikkārôn*": "masculine singular noun - drunkenness/intoxication", "*yāgôn*": "masculine singular noun - sorrow/grief", "*timmālēʾî*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will be filled", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*šammāh*": "feminine singular noun - horror/astonishment", "*šᵊmāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - desolation/waste", "*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*šōmᵊrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria" }, "variants": { "*šikkārôn*": "drunkenness/intoxication", "*yāgôn*": "sorrow/grief/anguish", "*timmālēʾî*": "you will be filled/satisfied/full", "*šammāh*": "horror/astonishment/dismay", "*šᵊmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative" } } 34 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.34", "source": "וְשָׁתִ֨ית אוֹתָ֜הּ וּמָצִ֗ית וְאֶת־חֲרָשֶׂ֛יהָ תְּגָרֵ֖מִי וְשָׁדַ֣יִךְ תְּנַתֵּ֑קִי כִּ֚י אֲנִ֣י דִבַּ֔רְתִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "And *šātît* [you will drink] *ʾôtāh* [it] and *māṣît* [drain it out], and *ʾet*-*ḥărāśeyhā* [its sherds/fragments] *tᵊgārēmî* [you will gnaw], and *šādayik* [your breasts] *tᵊnattēqî* [you will tear off]; *kî* *ʾănî* *dibbartî* [for I have spoken], *nᵊʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [declares the Lord YHWH].", "grammar": { "*šātît*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you will drink", "*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd feminine singular suffix - it", "*māṣît*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you will drain/suck out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥărāśeyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its sherds/fragments", "*tᵊgārēmî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will gnaw/break", "*šādayik*": "masculine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your breasts", "*tᵊnattēqî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will tear off/pluck out", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*dibbartî*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular - I have spoken", "*nᵊʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord", "*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)" }, "variants": { "*šātît*": "you will drink/consume", "*māṣît*": "you will drain/suck out/empty", "*ḥărāśeyhā*": "its sherds/fragments/pieces", "*tᵊgārēmî*": "you will gnaw/crush with teeth/break", "*šādayik*": "your breasts/chest", "*tᵊnattēqî*": "you will tear off/pluck out/pull apart", "*dibbartî*": "I have spoken/declared", "*nᵊʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of" } } 35 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.35", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה יַ֚עַן שָׁכַ֣חַתְּ אוֹתִ֔י וַתַּשְׁלִ֥יכִי אוֹתִ֖י אַחֲרֵ֣י גַוֵּ֑ךְ וְגַם־אַ֛תְּ שְׂאִ֥י זִמָּתֵ֖ךְ וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃ ס", "text": "*lākēn* thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *yaʿan* *šākaḥat* me *wattašlîkî* me *ʾaḥărê* *gawwēk* *wəgam*-you *śəʾî* *zimmātēk* and-*ʾet*-*taznûtāyik*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*šākaḥat*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you forgot", "*wattašlîkî*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you cast", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - behind/after", "*gawwēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your back", "*wəgam*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and also", "*śəʾî*": "imperative, feminine singular - bear/carry", "*zimmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wickedness/lewdness", "*taznûtāyik*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries/fornications" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/accordingly", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ʾaḥărê*": "behind/after/following", "*gawwēk*": "your back/body", "*śəʾî*": "bear/carry/lift up", "*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/shameful plans/evil schemes", "*taznûtāyik*": "your harlotries/fornications/adulteries" } } 36 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.36", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הֲתִשְׁפּ֥וֹט אֶֽת־אָהֳלָ֖ה וְאֶת־אָהֳלִיבָ֑ה וְהַגֵּ֣ד לָהֶ֔ן אֵ֖ת תּוֹעֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me *ben*-*ʾādām* *hătišpôṭ* *ʾet*-*ʾāholāh* and-*ʾet*-*ʾāholîbāh* *wəhaggēd* to-them *ʾēt* *tôʿăbôtêhen*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ben*": "noun, masculine construct - son of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind/Adam", "*hătišpôṭ*": "interrogative prefix with imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - will you judge?", "*ʾāholāh*": "proper noun - Oholah (symbolizing Samaria)", "*ʾāholîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolizing Jerusalem)", "*wəhaggēd*": "conjunction with imperative, masculine singular - and declare/tell", "*tôʿăbôtêhen*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their abominations" }, "variants": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "son of man/human/mortal man", "*hătišpôṭ*": "will you judge/will you pronounce judgment on", "*wəhaggēd*": "and declare/proclaim/tell", "*tôʿăbôtêhen*": "their abominations/detestable practices/repulsive acts" } } 37 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.37", "source": "כִּ֣י נִאֵ֗פוּ וְדָם֙ בִּֽידֵיהֶ֔ן וְאֶת־גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֖ן נִאֵ֑פוּ וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָֽלְדוּ־לִ֔י הֶעֱבִ֥ירוּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃", "text": "For *niʾēpû* and-*dām* in-*bîdêhen* and-*ʾet*-*gillûlêhen* *niʾēpû* *wəgam* *ʾet*-*bənêhen* *ʾăšer* *yāldû*-to-me *heʿĕbîrû* to-them *ləʾoklāh*", "grammar": { "*niʾēpû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they committed adultery", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*bîdêhen*": "preposition with noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their hands", "*gillûlêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their idols", "*wəgam*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and also", "*bənêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their sons", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/whom/that", "*yāldû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they bore/gave birth to", "*heʿĕbîrû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they caused to pass over/through", "*ləʾoklāh*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - for food/consumption" }, "variants": { "*niʾēpû*": "they committed adultery/they were unfaithful", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*gillûlêhen*": "their idols/their dung-idols/their abominable images", "*heʿĕbîrû*": "they caused to pass over/they offered/they sacrificed", "*ləʾoklāh*": "for food/for consumption/to be devoured" } } 38 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.38", "source": "ע֥וֹד זֹ֖את עָ֣שׂוּ לִ֑י טִמְּא֤וּ אֶת־מִקְדָּשִׁי֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּֽלוּ׃", "text": "Yet *zōʾt* *ʿāśû* to-me *ṭimməʾû* *ʾet*-*miqdāšî* in-*hayyôm* *hahûʾ* and-*ʾet*-*šabbətôtay* *ḥillēlû*", "grammar": { "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they did/made", "*ṭimməʾû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural - they defiled/made unclean", "*miqdāšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my sanctuary", "*hayyôm*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*šabbətôtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st singular suffix - my sabbaths", "*ḥillēlû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural - they profaned/desecrated" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśû*": "they did/made/performed", "*ṭimməʾû*": "they defiled/made unclean/desecrated", "*miqdāšî*": "my sanctuary/my holy place", "*hayyôm* *hahûʾ*": "that day/the same day", "*ḥillēlû*": "they profaned/desecrated/violated" } } 39 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.39", "source": "וּֽבְשַׁחֲטָ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ לְגִלּ֣וּלֵיהֶ֔ם וַיָּבֹ֧אוּ אֶל־מִקְדָּשִׁ֛י בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא לְחַלְּל֑וֹ וְהִנֵּה־כֹ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ בְּת֥וֹךְ בֵּיתִֽי׃", "text": "And-in-*šaḥăṭām* *ʾet*-*bənêhem* to-*gillûlêhem* *wayyābōʾû* to-*miqdāšî* in-*hayyôm* *hahûʾ* to-*ḥallələô* *wəhinnēh*-thus *ʿāśû* in-*tôk* *bêtî*", "grammar": { "*šaḥăṭām*": "infinitive construct with 3rd plural suffix - their slaughtering", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their sons", "*gillûlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their idols", "*wayyābōʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came", "*miqdāšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my sanctuary", "*hayyôm*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the day", "*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*ḥallələô*": "piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to profane it", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with interjection - and behold", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they did/made", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst/inside of", "*bêtî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my house" }, "variants": { "*šaḥăṭām*": "their slaughtering/their sacrificing/their killing", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols/their dung-idols/their abominable images", "*ḥallələô*": "to profane it/to desecrate it/to violate it", "*tôk*": "midst/inside/within", "*bêtî*": "my house/my temple/my dwelling" } } 40 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.40", "source": "וְאַ֗ף כִּ֤י תִשְׁלַ֙חְנָה֙ לַֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים בָּאִ֖ים מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק אֲשֶׁ֨ר מַלְאָ֜ךְ שָׁל֤וּחַ אֲלֵיהֶם֙ וְהִנֵּה־בָ֔אוּ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר רָחַ֛צְתְּ כָּחַ֥לְתְּ עֵינַ֖יִךְ וְעָ֥דִית עֶֽדִי׃", "text": "*wəʾap* that *tišlaḥnāh* to-*ʾănāšîm* *bāʾîm* from-*merḥāq* *ʾăšer* *malʾāk* *šālûaḥ* to-them *wəhinnēh*-*bāʾû* to-which *rāḥaṣt* *kāḥalt* *ʿênayik* and-*ʿādît* *ʿedî*", "grammar": { "*wəʾap*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and moreover/furthermore", "*tišlaḥnāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they send", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*bāʾîm*": "participle, masculine plural - coming", "*merḥāq*": "noun, masculine singular - distance/far place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*malʾāk*": "noun, masculine singular - messenger", "*šālûaḥ*": "passive participle, masculine singular - sent", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with interjection - and behold", "*bāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they came", "*rāḥaṣt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you washed", "*kāḥalt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you painted", "*ʿênayik*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʿādît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you adorned", "*ʿedî*": "noun, masculine singular - ornament/jewelry" }, "variants": { "*wəʾap*": "and moreover/furthermore/even", "*tišlaḥnāh*": "they send/dispatch", "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/males", "*merḥāq*": "distance/far away/afar", "*malʾāk*": "messenger/envoy", "*šālûaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*rāḥaṣt*": "you washed/bathed", "*kāḥalt*": "you painted/applied antimony to", "*ʿādît*": "you adorned/decorated", "*ʿedî*": "ornament/jewelry/adornment" } } 41 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.41", "source": "וְיָשַׁבְתְּ֙ עַל־מִטָּ֣ה כְבוּדָּ֔ה וְשֻׁלְחָ֥ן עָר֖וּךְ לְפָנֶ֑יהָ וּקְטָרְתִּ֥י וְשַׁמְנִ֖י שַׂ֥מְתְּ עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And-*yāšabt* on-*miṭṭāh* *kəbûddāh* and-*šulḥān* *ʿārûk* before-her and-*qəṭortî* and-*šamnî* *śamt* upon-her", "grammar": { "*yāšabt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you sat", "*miṭṭāh*": "noun, feminine singular - bed/couch", "*kəbûddāh*": "passive participle, feminine singular - glorious/stately", "*šulḥān*": "noun, masculine singular - table", "*ʿārûk*": "passive participle, masculine singular - arranged/prepared", "*qəṭortî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my incense", "*šamnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my oil", "*śamt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you placed/put" }, "variants": { "*yāšabt*": "you sat/reclined", "*miṭṭāh*": "bed/couch/divan", "*kəbûddāh*": "glorious/stately/splendid", "*šulḥān*": "table/dining table", "*ʿārûk*": "arranged/prepared/set in order", "*qəṭortî*": "my incense/my fragrant offering", "*šamnî*": "my oil/my ointment", "*śamt*": "you placed/put/set" } } 42 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.42", "source": "וְק֣וֹל הָמוֹן֮ שָׁלֵ֣ו בָהּ֒ וְאֶל־אֲנָשִׁים֙ מֵרֹ֣ב אָדָ֔ם מוּבָאִ֥ים *סובאים* **סָבָאִ֖ים מִמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַֽיִּתְּנ֤וּ צְמִידִים֙ אֶל־יְדֵיהֶ֔ן וַעֲטֶ֥רֶת תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת עַל־רָאשֵׁיהֶֽן׃", "text": "And-*qôl* *hāmôn* *šālēw* in-her and-to-*ʾănāšîm* from-*rōb* *ʾādām* *mûbāʾîm* *sābāʾîm* from-*midbār* *wayyittənû* *ṣəmîdîm* to-*yədêhen* and-*ʿăṭeret* *tipʾeret* on-*rāʾšêhen*", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice/sound of", "*hāmôn*": "noun, masculine singular - multitude/crowd", "*šālēw*": "adjective, masculine singular - at ease/carefree", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*rōb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - abundance/multitude of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*mûbāʾîm*": "hophal participle, masculine plural - being brought", "*sābāʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - drunkards/Sabeans", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*wayyittənû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd plural - and they put/gave", "*ṣəmîdîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bracelets", "*yədêhen*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their hands", "*ʿăṭeret*": "noun, feminine singular construct - crown of", "*tipʾeret*": "noun, feminine singular - beauty/glory", "*rāʾšêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their heads" }, "variants": { "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*hāmôn*": "multitude/crowd/throng", "*šālēw*": "at ease/carefree/tranquil", "*rōb*": "abundance/multitude/great number", "*mûbāʾîm*": "being brought/imported/led in", "*sābāʾîm*": "drunkards/Sabeans (people from Sheba)", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/steppe", "*ṣəmîdîm*": "bracelets/armlets", "*ʿăṭeret*": "crown/diadem", "*tipʾeret*": "beauty/glory/splendor" } } 43 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.43", "source": "וָאֹמַ֕ר לַבָּלָ֖ה נִֽאוּפִ֑ים *עת* **עַתָּ֛ה *יזנה* **יִזְנ֥וּ תַזְנוּתֶ֖הָ וָהִֽיא׃", "text": "And-*ʾōmar* to-*bālāh* *niʾûpîm* *ʿattāh* *yiznû* *taznûtehā* and-she", "grammar": { "*ʾōmar*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I say/said", "*bālāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - worn out/consumed", "*niʾûpîm*": "noun, masculine plural - adulteries", "*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now", "*yiznû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they commit fornication", "*taznûtehā*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her fornication" }, "variants": { "*ʾōmar*": "I say/said/thought", "*bālāh*": "worn out/consumed/old", "*niʾûpîm*": "adulteries/acts of unfaithfulness", "*yiznû*": "they commit fornication/they prostitute themselves", "*taznûtehā*": "her fornication/her prostitution/her harlotry" } } 44 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.44", "source": "וַיָּב֣וֹא אֵלֶ֔יהָ כְּב֖וֹא אֶל־אִשָּׁ֣ה זוֹנָ֑ה כֵּ֣ן בָּ֗אוּ אֶֽל־אָֽהֳלָה֙ וְאֶל־אָ֣הֳלִיבָ֔ה אִשֹּׁ֖ת הַזִּמָּֽה׃", "text": "*wayyābôʾ* to-her like-*bôʾ* to-*ʾiššāh* *zônāh* thus *bāʾû* to-*ʾāholāh* and-to-*ʾāholîbāh* *ʾiššōt* *hazimmāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyābôʾ*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*bôʾ*": "infinitive construct - coming/entering", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*zônāh*": "participle, feminine singular - prostituting/harlot", "*bāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they came", "*ʾāholāh*": "proper noun - Oholah (symbolizing Samaria)", "*ʾāholîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolizing Jerusalem)", "*ʾiššōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - women of", "*hazimmāh*": "definite article with noun, feminine singular - the lewdness" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "coming/entering/going in to", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife", "*zônāh*": "prostitute/harlot", "*ʾiššōt*": "women/wives of", "*hazimmāh*": "the lewdness/the depravity/the wickedness" } } 45 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.45", "source": "וַאֲנָשִׁ֣ים צַדִּיקִ֗ם הֵ֚מָּה יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ אֽוֹתְהֶ֔ם מִשְׁפַּט֙ נֹֽאֲפ֔וֹת וּמִשְׁפַּ֖ט שֹׁפְכ֣וֹת דָּ֑ם כִּ֤י נֹֽאֲפֹת֙ הֵ֔נָּה וְדָ֖ם בִּֽידֵיהֶֽן׃ ס", "text": "And-*ʾănāšîm* *ṣaddîqim* they *yišpəṭû* them *mišpaṭ* *nōʾăpôt* and-*mišpaṭ* *šōpəkôt* *dām* for *nōʾăpōt* they and-*dām* in-*bîdêhen*", "grammar": { "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*ṣaddîqim*": "adjective, masculine plural - righteous", "*yišpəṭû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will judge", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment of", "*nōʾăpôt*": "participle, feminine plural - committing adultery/adulteresses", "*šōpəkôt*": "participle, feminine plural - pouring out/shedding", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*nōʾăpōt*": "participle, feminine plural - committing adultery/adulteresses", "*bîdêhen*": "preposition with noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their hands" }, "variants": { "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/males", "*ṣaddîqim*": "righteous/just/correct", "*yišpəṭû*": "they will judge/they will pronounce judgment", "*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/verdict/sentence", "*nōʾăpôt*": "adulteresses/women who commit adultery", "*šōpəkôt*": "shedding/pouring out/spilling", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt" } } 46 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.46", "source": "כִּ֛י כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה הַעֲלֵ֤ה עֲלֵיהֶם֙ קָהָ֔ל וְנָתֹ֥ן אֶתְהֶ֖ן לְזַעֲוָ֥ה וְלָבַֽז׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *haʿălēh* upon-them *qāhāl* and-*nātōn* them to-*zaʿăwāh* and-to-*lābaz*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*haʿălēh*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - bring up/cause to come up", "*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation", "*nātōn*": "infinitive absolute - giving", "*zaʿăwāh*": "noun, feminine singular - horror/terror", "*lābaz*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - for plunder" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*haʿălēh*": "bring up/raise up/summon", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/crowd", "*nātōn*": "giving/surrendering", "*zaʿăwāh*": "horror/terror/object of trembling", "*lābaz*": "for plunder/for spoil/for prey" } } 47 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.47", "source": "וְרָגְמ֨וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֥ן אֶ֙בֶן֙ קָהָ֔ל וּבָרֵ֥א אוֹתְהֶ֖ן בְּחַרְבוֹתָ֑ם בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וּבְנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ יַהֲרֹ֔גוּ וּבָתֵּיהֶ֖ן בָּאֵ֥שׁ יִשְׂרֹֽפוּ׃", "text": "And-*rāgəmû* upon-them *ʾeben* *qāhāl* and-*bārēʾ* them with-*ḥarbôtām* *bənêhem* and-*bənôtêhem* *yahărōgû* and-*bāttêhen* with-*ʾēš* *yiśrōpû*", "grammar": { "*rāgəmû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they will stone", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation", "*bārēʾ*": "piel infinitive construct - cut down/dispatch", "*ḥarbôtām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their swords", "*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their sons", "*bənôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their daughters", "*yahărōgû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they will kill", "*bāttêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their houses", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*yiśrōpû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they will burn" }, "variants": { "*rāgəmû*": "they will stone/they will pelt with stones", "*bārēʾ*": "cut down/dispatch/slay", "*ḥarbôtām*": "their swords/their weapons", "*yahărōgû*": "they will kill/they will slay", "*yiśrōpû*": "they will burn/they will set on fire" } } 48 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.48", "source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֥י זִמָּ֖ה מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְנִֽוַּסְּרוּ֙ כָּל־הַנָּשִׁ֔ים וְלֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה כְּזִמַּתְכֶֽנָה׃", "text": "And-*hišbattî* *zimmāh* from-*hāʾāreṣ* and-*niwwassərû* all-*hannāšîm* and-not *taʿăśênāh* like-*zimmatkēnāh*", "grammar": { "*hišbattî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will cause to cease", "*zimmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - lewdness", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article with noun, feminine singular - the land", "*niwwassərû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd plural - they will be instructed/chastised", "*hannāšîm*": "definite article with noun, feminine plural - the women", "*taʿăśênāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will do", "*zimmatkēnāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) lewdness" }, "variants": { "*hišbattî*": "I will cause to cease/I will put an end to", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/depravity/shameful conduct", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/the earth/the country", "*niwwassərû*": "they will be instructed/disciplined/chastised", "*taʿăśênāh*": "they will do/act/perform", "*zimmatkēnāh*": "your lewdness/your shameful conduct" } } 49 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.23.49", "source": "וְנָתְנ֤וּ זִמַּתְכֶ֙נָה֙ עֲלֵיכֶ֔ן וַחֲטָאֵ֥י גִלּוּלֵיכֶ֖ן תִּשֶּׂ֑אינָה וִידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֥י אֲנִ֖י אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ פ", "text": "And-*nātnû* *zimmatkēnāh* upon-you and-*ḥăṭāʾê* *gillûlêken* *tiśśeʾnāh* and-*wîdaʿtem* that I *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they will give/place", "*zimmatkēnāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) lewdness", "*ḥăṭāʾê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sins of", "*gillûlêken*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) idols", "*tiśśeʾnāh*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine plural - you will bear", "*wîdaʿtem*": "perfect, 2nd masculine plural with waw-consecutive - and you will know", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name" }, "variants": { "*nātnû*": "they will give/place/put", "*zimmatkēnāh*": "your lewdness/wickedness/shameful conduct", "*ḥăṭāʾê*": "sins of/guilt of", "*gillûlêken*": "your idols/your dung-idols", "*tiśśeʾnāh*": "you will bear/carry/endure", "*wîdaʿtem*": "and you will know/recognize/acknowledge" } }
  • Isa 24:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.5", "source": "וְהָאָ֥רֶץ חָנְפָ֖ה תַּ֣חַת יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ כִּֽי־עָבְר֤וּ תוֹרֹת֙ חָ֣לְפוּ חֹ֔ק הֵפֵ֖רוּ בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And-the-*ʾāreṣ* *ḥānəpāh* *taḥat* *yōšəbehā* *kî*-*ʿābərû* *tôrōt* *ḥāləpû* *ḥōq* *hēpērû* *bərît* *ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*ḥānəpāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is polluted/defiled", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*yōšəbehā*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its inhabitants", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿābərû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have transgressed", "*tôrōt*": "common noun, feminine plural - laws/teachings/instructions", "*ḥāləpû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have violated/changed", "*ḥōq*": "common noun, masculine singular - statute/decree/ordinance", "*hēpērû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have broken", "*bərît*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "common noun, masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity" }, "variants": { "*ḥānəpāh*": "is polluted/is defiled/is profaned", "*taḥat*": "under/beneath/because of", "*ʿābərû*": "have transgressed/have violated/have passed over", "*tôrōt*": "laws/teachings/instructions", "*ḥāləpû*": "have violated/have changed/have altered", "*ḥōq*": "statute/decree/ordinance/boundary", "*hēpērû*": "have broken/have annulled/have made void", "*bərît ʿôlām*": "everlasting covenant/eternal agreement/perpetual treaty" } } 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.6", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֗ן אָלָה֙ אָ֣כְלָה אֶ֔רֶץ וַֽיֶּאְשְׁמ֖וּ יֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָ֑הּ עַל־כֵּ֗ן חָרוּ֙ יֹ֣שְׁבֵי אֶ֔רֶץ וְנִשְׁאַ֥ר אֱנ֖וֹשׁ מִזְעָֽר׃", "text": "*ʿal-kēn* *ʾālāh* *ʾākəlāh* *ʾereṣ* and-*yeʾəšəmû* *yōšəbê* in-her *ʿal-kēn* *ḥārû* *yōšəbê* *ʾereṣ* and-*nišʾar* *ʾěnôš* *mizʿār*", "grammar": { "*ʿal-kēn*": "prepositional phrase - therefore/because of this", "*ʾālāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - curse/oath", "*ʾākəlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has devoured", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*yeʾəšəmû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they are guilty/desolate", "*yōšəbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "בָ֑הּ": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in her/in it", "*ʿal-kēn*": "prepositional phrase - therefore/because of this", "*ḥārû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - are burned/scorched", "*yōšəbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*nišʾar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is left/remains", "*ʾěnôš*": "common noun, masculine singular - mankind/people/men", "*mizʿār*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition מ - few/small number" }, "variants": { "*ʾālāh*": "curse/oath/imprecation", "*ʾākəlāh*": "has devoured/has consumed/has eaten up", "*yeʾəšəmû*": "are guilty/are desolate/bear their punishment", "*ḥārû*": "are burned/are scorched/are parched", "*nišʾar*": "is left/remains/is spared", "*ʾěnôš*": "mankind/humanity/mortal men", "*mizʿār*": "few/small number/tiny remnant" } }
  • Isa 59:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.3", "source": "כִּ֤י כַפֵּיכֶם֙ נְגֹאֲל֣וּ בַדָּ֔ם וְאֶצְבְּעוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם בֶּֽעָוֺ֑ן שִׂפְתֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ דִּבְּרוּ־שֶׁ֔קֶר לְשׁוֹנְכֶ֖ם עַוְלָ֥ה תֶהְגֶּֽה׃", "text": "*Kî* *kappêkem* *nəgōʾălû* in-*dām* and-*ʾeṣbəʿôtêkem* in-*ʿāwōn* *śiptôtêkem* *dibbərû-šeqer* *ləšônəkem* *ʿawlāh* *tehgeh*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kappêkem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd plural suffix - your palms/hands", "*nəgōʾălû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd plural - defiled/polluted", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*ʾeṣbəʿôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your fingers", "*ʿāwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/guilt/sin", "*śiptôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your lips", "*dibbərû-šeqer*": "verb phrase, piel perfect 3rd plural + noun - have spoken falsehood", "*ləšônəkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd plural suffix - your tongue", "*ʿawlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - injustice/wickedness", "*tehgeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - mutters/utters" }, "variants": { "*kappêkem*": "your palms/hands", "*nəgōʾălû*": "defiled/polluted/stained", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/perversity", "*dibbərû-šeqer*": "spoken falsehood/lies/deception", "*ʿawlāh*": "injustice/wickedness/perversity", "*tehgeh*": "mutters/utters/speaks" } }
  • Jer 3:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.1", "source": "לֵאמֹ֡ר הֵ֣ן יְשַׁלַּ֣ח אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ֩ וְהָלְכָ֨ה מֵאִתּ֜וֹ וְהָיְתָ֣ה לְאִישׁ־אַחֵ֗ר הֲיָשׁ֤וּב אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ ע֔וֹד הֲל֛וֹא חָנ֥וֹף תֶּחֱנַ֖ף הָאָ֣רֶץ הַהִ֑יא וְאַ֗תְּ זָנִית֙ רֵעִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים וְשׁ֥וֹב אֵלַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה׃", "text": "*lēʾmōr* *hēn* *yᵉšallaḥ* *ʾîš* *ʾet*-*ʾištô* *wᵉhālᵉḵâ* from-him *wᵉhāyᵉtâ* to-*ʾîš*-another, *hᵃyāšûḇ* to-her again? *hᵃlôʾ* *ḥānôp̄* *teḥĕnap̄* the-*ʾereṣ* that? And-you *zānît* *rēʿîm* many, yet-*šôḇ* to-me *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'to say/saying'", "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - 'behold/if'", "*yᵉšallaḥ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'sends away/dismisses'", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - 'man/husband'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his wife'", "*wᵉhālᵉḵâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'and she goes/went'", "*wᵉhāyᵉtâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'and she becomes/became'", "*hᵃyāšûḇ*": "interrogative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'will he return?'", "*hᵃlôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - 'will not?'", "*ḥānôp̄*": "Qal infinitive absolute - 'utterly polluted'", "*teḥĕnap̄*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'be polluted'", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'land/earth'", "*zānît*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you have played the harlot'", "*rēʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'companions/lovers'", "*šôḇ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - 'return'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state, utterance/declaration", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*hēn*": "behold/look/if", "*yᵉšallaḥ*": "sends away/divorces/dismisses", "*ʾîš*": "man/husband/each one", "*wᵉhālᵉḵâ*": "and she goes/departs/leaves", "*wᵉhāyᵉtâ*": "and she becomes/belongs to", "*hᵃyāšûḇ*": "will he return/take her back", "*ḥānôp̄*": "greatly polluted/utterly defiled", "*teḥĕnap̄*": "be polluted/defiled/profaned", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*zānît*": "played the harlot/been promiscuous/been unfaithful", "*rēʿîm*": "companions/friends/lovers", "*šôḇ*": "return/come back", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } } 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.2", "source": "שְׂאִֽי־עֵינַ֨יִךְ עַל־שְׁפָיִ֜ם וּרְאִ֗י אֵיפֹה֙ לֹ֣א *שגלת **שֻׁכַּ֔בְתְּ עַל־דְּרָכִים֙ יָשַׁ֣בְתְּ לָהֶ֔ם כַּעֲרָבִ֖י בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַתַּחֲנִ֣יפִי אֶ֔רֶץ בִּזְנוּתַ֖יִךְ וּבְרָעָתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*śᵉʾî*-*ʿênayiḵ* upon-*šᵉp̄āyim* and-*rᵉʾî*, where not *šuggalᵉt/**šukkaḇᵉt*. Upon-*dᵉrāḵîm* *yāšaḇᵉt* for-them like-*ʿarāḇî* in-the-*midbar*. *wattaḥănîp̄î* *ʾereṣ* with-*zᵉnûtayiḵ* and-with-*rāʿātēḵ*.", "grammar": { "*śᵉʾî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - 'lift up'", "*ʿênayiḵ*": "noun, dual construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your eyes'", "*šᵉp̄āyim*": "noun, masculine plural - 'bare heights/high places'", "*rᵉʾî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - 'see/look'", "*šuggalᵉt/**šukkaḇᵉt*": "Kethib/Qere: Pual perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you were ravished/you were lain with'", "*dᵉrāḵîm*": "noun, feminine plural - 'roads/ways/paths'", "*yāšaḇᵉt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you sat/waited'", "*ʿarāḇî*": "noun, masculine singular - 'Arab/nomad'", "*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular - 'wilderness/desert'", "*wattaḥănîp̄î*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you polluted'", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'land/earth'", "*zᵉnûtayiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your harlotries/prostitutions'", "*rāʿātēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your wickedness/evil'" }, "variants": { "*śᵉʾî*": "lift up/raise", "*ʿênayiḵ*": "your eyes", "*šᵉp̄āyim*": "bare heights/high places/barren hills", "*rᵉʾî*": "see/look/observe", "*šuggalᵉt/**šukkaḇᵉt*": "you were ravished/you were lain with/you were violated", "*dᵉrāḵîm*": "roads/ways/paths", "*yāšaḇᵉt*": "you sat/you waited/you dwelled", "*ʿarāḇî*": "Arab/nomad/desert dweller", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland", "*wattaḥănîp̄î*": "and you polluted/defiled/profaned", "*zᵉnûtayiḵ*": "your harlotries/prostitutions/adulteries", "*rāʿātēḵ*": "your wickedness/evil/wrongdoing" } }
  • Jer 3:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י בִּימֵי֙ יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הֲ‍ֽרָאִ֔יתָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשְׂתָ֖ה מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הֹלְכָ֨ה הִ֜יא עַל־כָּל־הַ֣ר גָּבֹ֗הַּ וְאֶל־תַּ֛חַת כָּל־עֵ֥ץ רַעֲנָ֖ן וַתִּזְנִי־שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me in-days *yōʾšiyyāhû* the-*meleḵ*: \"*hᵃrāʾîtā* which *ʿāśᵉtâ* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*? *hōlᵉḵâ* she upon-every-*har* *gāḇōha* and-to-under every-*ʿēṣ* *raʿănān* *wattizᵉnî*-there.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - 'and he said'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper name - 'Josiah'", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'", "*hᵃrāʾîtā*": "interrogative particle + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'have you seen?'", "*ʿāśᵉtâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she did/has done'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*hōlᵉḵâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'going/walking'", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular - 'mountain/hill'", "*gāḇōha*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'high/lofty'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'tree'", "*raʿănān*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'leafy/luxuriant/green'", "*wattizᵉnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "Josiah", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*hᵃrāʾîtā*": "have you seen/observed/noticed", "*ʿāśᵉtâ*": "she did/has done/committed", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*hōlᵉḵâ*": "going/walking/proceeding", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*gāḇōha*": "high/lofty/tall", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*raʿănān*": "leafy/luxuriant/green/verdant", "*wattizᵉnî*": "and you played the harlot/prostituted yourself" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.7", "source": "וָאֹמַ֗ר אַחֲרֵ֨י עֲשׂוֹתָ֧הּ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֛לֶּה אֵלַ֥י תָּשׁ֖וּב וְלֹא־שָׁ֑בָה *ותראה **וַתֵּ֛רֶא בָּגוֹדָ֥ה אֲחוֹתָ֖הּ יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "*wāʾōmar* after *ʿăśôtâh* *ʾet*-all-these, to-me *tāšûḇ*, but-not-*šāḇâ*. *wattēreʾ* *bāgôdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh* *yᵉhûdâ*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I said'", "*ʿăśôtâh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her doing'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tāšûḇ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she will return'", "*šāḇâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she returned'", "*wattēreʾ*": "Kethib/Qere: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she saw'", "*bāgôdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/spoke/thought", "*ʿăśôtâh*": "her doing/committing/performing", "*tāšûḇ*": "she will return/come back/repent", "*šāḇâ*": "she returned/came back/repented", "*wattēreʾ*": "and she saw/observed/noticed", "*bāgôdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah" } } 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.8", "source": "וָאֵ֗רֶא כִּ֤י עַל־כָּל־אֹדוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִֽאֲפָה֙ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁלַּחְתִּ֕יהָ וָאֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־סֵ֥פֶר כְּרִיתֻתֶ֖יהָ אֵלֶ֑יהָ וְלֹ֨א יָֽרְאָ֜ה בֹּֽגֵדָ֤ה יְהוּדָה֙ אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ וַתִּ֥זֶן גַּם־הִֽיא׃", "text": "*wāʾēreʾ* that for-all-*ʾōdôt* which *niʾăp̄â* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*, *šillaḥtîhā* *wāʾettēn* *ʾet*-*sēp̄er* *kᵉrîtutehā* to-her; and-not *yārᵉʾâ* *bōgēdâ* *yᵉhûdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh*, *wattēleḵ* *wattizen* also-she.", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I saw'", "*ʾōdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'causes/reasons'", "*niʾăp̄â*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she committed adultery'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'I sent her away'", "*wāʾettēn*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I gave'", "*sēp̄er*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'document/scroll'", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her divorce'", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she feared/was afraid'", "*bōgēdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*wattēleḵ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she went'", "*wattizen*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "and I saw/observed/noticed", "*ʾōdôt*": "causes/reasons/occasions", "*niʾăp̄â*": "she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "I sent her away/dismissed her/divorced her", "*wāʾettēn*": "and I gave/provided/handed over", "*sēp̄er*": "document/scroll/certificate", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "her divorce/separation/cutting off", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "she feared/was afraid/was in awe", "*bōgēdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*wattēleḵ*": "and she went/proceeded", "*wattizen*": "and she played the harlot/prostituted herself" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.9", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ מִקֹּ֣ל זְנוּתָ֔הּ וַתֶּחֱנַ֖ף אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַתִּנְאַ֥ף אֶת־הָאֶ֖בֶן וְאֶת־הָעֵֽץ׃", "text": "*wᵉhāyâ* from-*qōl* *zᵉnûtâh* *wattĕḥĕnap̄* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*, *wattinʾap̄* *ʾet*-the-*ʾeḇen* and-*ʾet*-the-*ʿēṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉhāyâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and it came to pass/happened'", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'sound/lightness'", "*zᵉnûtâh*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her harlotry/prostitution'", "*wattĕḥĕnap̄*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she polluted'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the land/earth'", "*wattinʾap̄*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she committed adultery'", "*ʾeḇen*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the stone'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the tree/wood'" }, "variants": { "*wᵉhāyâ*": "and it came to pass/happened/occurred", "*qōl*": "sound/voice/lightness/frivolity", "*zᵉnûtâh*": "her harlotry/prostitution/promiscuity", "*wattĕḥĕnap̄*": "and she polluted/defiled/profaned", "*ʾāreṣ*": "the land/earth/ground", "*wattinʾap̄*": "and she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*ʾeḇen*": "the stone/rock", "*ʿēṣ*": "the tree/wood" } }
  • Ezek 16:15-63 : 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.15", "source": "וַתִּבְטְחִ֣י בְיָפְיֵ֔ךְ וַתִּזְנִ֖י עַל־שְׁמֵ֑ךְ וַתִּשְׁפְּכִ֧י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתַ֛יִךְ עַל־כָּל־עוֹבֵ֖ר לוֹ־יֶֽהִי׃", "text": "*wa-tiḇṭəḥî* *ḇə-yāpyēḵ* *wa-tiznî* *ʿal*-*šəmēḵ* *wa-tiššəpəḵî* *ʾet*-*taznûtayiḵ* *ʿal*-*kāl*-*ʿôḇēr* *lô*-*yehî*", "grammar": { "*wa-tiḇṭəḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you trusted", "*ḇə-yāpyēḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your beauty", "*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because of", "*šəmēḵ*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your name/fame", "*wa-tiššəpəḵî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you poured out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*taznûtayiḵ*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*kāl*": "masculine singular construct - every", "*ʿôḇēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - passer-by", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*yehî*": "qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - may it be/let it be" }, "variants": { "*tiḇṭəḥî*": "you trusted/relied upon/were confident in", "*tiznî*": "you played the harlot/were unfaithful/prostituted yourself", "*tiššəpəḵî*": "you poured out/lavished/bestowed", "*taznûtayiḵ*": "your harlotries/prostitutions/infidelities", "*ʿôḇēr*": "passer-by/one who passes", "*lô*-*yehî*": "to him it might be/his for the taking (unclear idiomatic expression)" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.16", "source": "וַתִּקְחִ֣י מִבְּגָדַ֗יִךְ וַתַּֽעֲשִׂי־לָךְ֙ בָּמ֣וֹת טְלֻא֔וֹת וַתִּזְנִ֖י עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם לֹ֥א בָא֖וֹת וְלֹ֥א יִהְיֶֽה׃", "text": "*wa-tiqḥî* *mi-bbəgādayiḵ* *wa-taʿăśî*-*lāḵ* *bāmôt* *ṭəluʾôt* *wa-tiznî* *ʿălêhem* *lōʾ* *ḇāʾôt* *wə-lōʾ* *yihyeh*", "grammar": { "*wa-tiqḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you took", "*mi-bbəgādayiḵ*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your garments", "*wa-taʿăśî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you made", "*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for yourself", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural noun - high places", "*ṭəluʾôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - many-colored/patched", "*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ḇāʾôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - coming", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/shrines/platforms", "*ṭəluʾôt*": "many-colored/patched/diverse", "*lōʾ* *ḇāʾôt* *wə-lōʾ* *yihyeh*": "not coming and not being/such things should not come and should not be/unprecedented and should not happen (difficult idiom)" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.17", "source": "וַתִּקְחִ֞י כְּלֵ֣י תִפְאַרְתֵּ֗ךְ מִזְּהָבִ֤י וּמִכַּסְפִּי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָתַ֣תִּי לָ֔ךְ וַתַּעֲשִׂי־לָ֖ךְ צַלְמֵ֣י זָכָ֑ר וַתִּזְנִי־בָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-tiqḥî* *kəlê* *tipʾartēḵ* *mi-zzəhāḇî* *û-mi-kkaspî* *ʾăšer* *nātattî* *lāḵ* *wa-taʿăśî*-*lāḵ* *ṣalmê* *zāḵār* *wa-tiznî*-*ḇām*", "grammar": { "*wa-tiqḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you took", "*kəlê*": "masculine plural construct - vessels/instruments of", "*tipʾartēḵ*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your beauty", "*mi-zzəhāḇî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - from my gold", "*û-mi-kkaspî*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - and from my silver", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I gave", "*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*wa-taʿăśî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you made", "*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for yourself", "*ṣalmê*": "masculine plural construct - images of", "*zāḵār*": "masculine singular noun - male", "*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot", "*ḇām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with them" }, "variants": { "*kəlê*": "vessels/instruments/jewelry", "*tipʾartēḵ*": "your beauty/glory/splendor", "*ṣalmê*": "images/figures/idols", "*zāḵār*": "male/man/masculine", "*tiznî*-*ḇām*": "you played the harlot with them/committed fornication with them" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.18", "source": "וַתִּקְחִ֛י אֶת־בִּגְדֵ֥י רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים וְשַׁמְנִי֙ וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י נָתַ֖תְּ לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wattiqqəḥî* *ʾet*-*bigdê* *riqmātêk* and *wattəkassîm* and *wəšamnî* and *ûqəṭārtî* *nātatt* before them.", "grammar": { "*wattiqqəḥî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you took", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bigdê*": "construct state, plural of *beged* - garments/clothes of", "*riqmātêk*": "your embroidery, feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*wattəkassîm*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you covered them", "*wəšamnî*": "and my oil, noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*ûqəṭārtî*": "and my incense, noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*nātatt*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you gave/placed" }, "variants": { "*bigdê riqmātêk*": "your embroidered garments/your colorful garments/your richly woven garments", "*wattəkassîm*": "you covered them/you clothed them/you placed them over", "*nātatt*": "you gave/you placed/you set/you put" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.19", "source": "וְלַחְמִי֩ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֨תִּי לָ֜ךְ סֹ֣לֶת וָשֶׁ֤מֶן וּדְבַשׁ֙ הֶֽאֱכַלְתִּ֔יךְ וּנְתַתִּ֧יהוּ לִפְנֵיהֶ֛ם לְרֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ וַיֶּ֑הִי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "And *wəlaḥmî* which *ʾăšer*-*nātattî* to you, *sōlet* and *wāšemen* and *ûdəbaš* *heʾĕkaltîk*, and *ûnətattîhû* before them for *lərêaḥ* *nîḥōaḥ*. And *wayyehî*, *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wəlaḥmî*": "and my bread, noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I gave", "*sōlet*": "fine flour, noun absolute", "*wāšemen*": "and oil, noun absolute", "*ûdəbaš*": "and honey, noun absolute", "*heʾĕkaltîk*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I fed you", "*ûnətattîhû*": "and I gave it, qal perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix", "*lərêaḥ*": "for a scent/smell, preposition + noun construct", "*nîḥōaḥ*": "pleasing/soothing, adjective", "*wayyehî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was/became", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance of, noun construct", "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord, noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*sōlet*": "fine flour/fine meal/choice flour", "*lərêaḥ nîḥōaḥ*": "for a pleasing aroma/for a sweet savor/for a soothing fragrance", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle/says" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.20", "source": "וַתִּקְחִ֞י אֶת־בָּנַ֤יִךְ וְאֶת־בְּנוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָלַ֣דְתְּ לִ֔י וַתִּזְבָּחִ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם לֶאֱכ֑וֹל הַמְעַ֖ט מִתַּזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *wattiqqəḥî* *ʾet*-*bānayik* and *ʾet*-*bənôtayik* which *ʾăšer* *yāladt* to me, and *wattizbaḥîm* to them to *leʾĕkôl*. *haməʿaṭ* from *mittaznûtāyik*?", "grammar": { "*wattiqqəḥî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you took", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānayik*": "your sons, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*bənôtayik*": "your daughters, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*yāladt*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you bore/gave birth to", "*wattizbaḥîm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you sacrificed them", "*leʾĕkôl*": "to eat/consume, preposition + qal infinitive construct", "*haməʿaṭ*": "interrogative particle + adjective - was it a small thing/was it too little", "*mittaznûtāyik*": "from your prostitutions/harlotries, preposition + plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix" }, "variants": { "*yāladt*": "you bore/you gave birth to/you delivered", "*wattizbaḥîm*": "you sacrificed them/you slaughtered them", "*haməʿaṭ*": "was it a small thing/was it insignificant/was it too little", "*mittaznûtāyik*": "from your prostitutions/from your harlotries/from your acts of fornication" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.21", "source": "וַֽתִּשְׁחֲטִ֖י אֶת־בָּנָ֑י וַֽתִּתְּנִ֔ים בְּהַעֲבִ֥יר אוֹתָ֖ם לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wattišḥăṭî* *ʾet*-*bānāy* and *wattittnîm* in *bəhaʿăbîr* *ʾôtām* to them.", "grammar": { "*wattišḥăṭî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you slaughtered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānāy*": "my sons, plural noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*wattittnîm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you gave them", "*bəhaʿăbîr*": "in causing to pass over, preposition + hiphil infinitive construct", "*ʾôtām*": "them, direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix" }, "variants": { "*wattišḥăṭî*": "you slaughtered/you butchered/you killed", "*bəhaʿăbîr*": "in causing to pass through [fire]/in offering up/in dedicating" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.22", "source": "וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־תּוֹעֲבֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ וְתַזְנֻתַ֔יִךְ לֹ֥א זָכַ֖רְתְּ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרָ֑יִךְ בִּֽהְיוֹתֵךְ֙ עֵרֹ֣ם וְעֶרְיָ֔ה מִתְבּוֹסֶ֥סֶת בְּדָמֵ֖ךְ הָיִֽית׃", "text": "And *wəʾēt* all-*tôʿăbōtayik* and *wətaznūtayik*, not *zākart* *ʾet*-*yəmê* *nəʿûrāyik*, in *bihyôtēk* *ʿērōm* and *wəʿeryāh*, *mitbôseset* in *bədāmēk* *hāyît*.", "grammar": { "*wəʾēt*": "and with, conjunction + direct object marker", "*tôʿăbōtayik*": "your abominations, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*wətaznūtayik*": "and your prostitutions, conjunction + plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*zākart*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you remembered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəmê*": "days of, construct state", "*nəʿûrāyik*": "your youth, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*bihyôtēk*": "in your being, preposition + qal infinitive construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʿērōm*": "naked, adjective", "*wəʿeryāh*": "and bare, conjunction + adjective", "*mitbôseset*": "wallowing/floundering, hithpolel participle feminine singular", "*bədāmēk*": "in your blood, preposition + noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*hāyît*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you were" }, "variants": { "*tôʿăbōtayik*": "your abominations/your detestable acts/your abhorrent practices", "*taznūtayik*": "your prostitutions/your harlotries/your acts of fornication", "*nəʿûrāyik*": "your youth/your adolescence/your early days", "*mitbôseset*": "wallowing/kicking/floundering/struggling" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.23", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י אַחֲרֵ֖י כָּל־רָעָתֵ֑ךְ א֣וֹי א֣וֹי לָ֔ךְ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* after all-*rāʿātēk* *ʾôy* *ʾôy* to you, *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it came to pass/it happened", "*rāʿātēk*": "your wickedness, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʾôy*": "woe, interjection (repeated)", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance of, noun construct", "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord, noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*rāʿātēk*": "your wickedness/your evil/your calamity", "*ʾôy*": "woe/alas/ah" } } 24 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.24", "source": "וַתִּבְנִי־לָ֖ךְ גֶּ֑ב וַתַּעֲשִׂי־לָ֥ךְ רָמָ֖ה בְּכָל־רְחֽוֹב׃", "text": "And *wattibnî*-to you *geb* and *wattaʿăśî*-to you *rāmāh* in all-*rəḥôb*.", "grammar": { "*wattibnî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you built", "*geb*": "mound/arched place/vaulted chamber, noun absolute", "*wattaʿăśî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you made", "*rāmāh*": "high place/elevated place, noun absolute", "*rəḥôb*": "street/plaza/square, noun absolute" }, "variants": { "*geb*": "mound/arched place/vaulted chamber/brothel/shrine", "*rāmāh*": "high place/elevated place/shrine", "*rəḥôb*": "street/plaza/public square/open area" } } 25 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.25", "source": "אֶל־כָּל־רֹ֣אשׁ דֶּ֗רֶךְ בָּנִית֙ רָֽמָתֵ֔ךְ וַתְּתַֽעֲבִי֙ אֶת־יָפְיֵ֔ךְ וַתְּפַשְּׂקִ֥י אֶת־רַגְלַ֖יִךְ לְכָל־עוֹבֵ֑ר וַתַּרְבִּ֖י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "To all-*rōʾš* *derek* *bānît* *rāmātēk* and *wattətaʿăbî* *ʾet*-*yāfyēk* and *wattəfaśśəqî* *ʾet*-*raglayik* to all-*ʿôbēr* and *watarbî* *ʾet*-*taznûtāyik*.", "grammar": { "*rōʾš*": "head/top, noun construct", "*derek*": "way/road/path, noun absolute", "*bānît*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you built", "*rāmātēk*": "your high place, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*wattətaʿăbî*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you abominated/made abominable", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yāfyēk*": "your beauty, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*wattəfaśśəqî*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you spread wide", "*raglayik*": "your feet/legs, dual noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʿôbēr*": "one passing by, qal participle masculine singular", "*watarbî*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you multiplied/increased", "*taznûtāyik*": "your prostitutions, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš derek*": "head of the way/top of the road/prominent place on the path", "*wattətaʿăbî*": "you made abominable/you defiled/you profaned", "*wattəfaśśəqî*": "you spread wide/you opened/you parted", "*watarbî*": "you multiplied/you increased/you made abundant" } } 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.26", "source": "וַתִּזְנִ֧י אֶל־בְּנֵֽי־מִצְרַ֛יִם שְׁכֵנַ֖יִךְ גִּדְלֵ֣י בָשָׂ֑ר וַתַּרְבִּ֥י אֶת־תַּזְנֻתֵ֖ךְ לְהַכְעִיסֵֽנִי׃", "text": "And *wattizniî* to-*bənê*-*miṣrayim* *šəkēnayik* *gidlê* *bāśār* and *watarbî* *ʾet*-*taznūtēk* to *ləhak'îsēnî*.", "grammar": { "*wattizniî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you prostituted yourself", "*bənê*": "sons of, construct state", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt, proper noun", "*šəkēnayik*": "your neighbors, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*gidlê*": "great ones of, construct state", "*bāśār*": "flesh, noun absolute", "*watarbî*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you multiplied/increased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*taznūtēk*": "your prostitution/harlotry, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ləhak'îsēnî*": "to provoke me to anger, preposition + hiphil infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix" }, "variants": { "*gidlê bāśār*": "great of flesh/well-endowed/having large sexual organs", "*ləhak'îsēnî*": "to provoke me to anger/to vex me/to offend me" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.27", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֨ה נָטִ֤יתִי יָדִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וָאֶגְרַ֖ע חֻקֵּ֑ךְ וָאֶתְּנֵ֞ךְ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ שֹׂנְאוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ בְּנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הַנִּכְלָמ֖וֹת מִדַּרְכֵּ֥ךְ זִמָּֽה׃", "text": "And *wəhinnēh* *nāṭîtî* *yādî* against you and *wāʾegrā* *ḥuqqēk* and *wāʾettnēk* in *bənefeš* *śōnəʾôtayik* *bənôt* *pəlištîm* *hanniklāmôt* from *midarkēk* *zimmāh*.", "grammar": { "*wəhinnēh*": "and behold, interjection", "*nāṭîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I stretched out", "*yādî*": "my hand, noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*wāʾegrā*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I diminished", "*ḥuqqēk*": "your portion/allotment, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*wāʾettnēk*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - and I gave you", "*bənefeš*": "to the desire/will, preposition + noun construct", "*śōnəʾôtayik*": "those hating you, qal participle feminine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*bənôt*": "daughters of, construct state", "*pəlištîm*": "Philistines, proper noun", "*hanniklāmôt*": "the ones being ashamed, niphal participle feminine plural with definite article", "*midarkēk*": "from your way, preposition + noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/licentiousness, noun absolute" }, "variants": { "*ḥuqqēk*": "your portion/your allotment/your allowance/your prescribed portion", "*bənefeš*": "to the desire/will/appetite/discretion", "*śōnəʾôtayik*": "those hating you/your enemies/those detesting you", "*hanniklāmôt*": "those being ashamed/those being embarrassed/those feeling disgust", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/depravity/licentiousness/wickedness" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.28", "source": "וַתִּזְנִי֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר מִבִּלְתִּ֖י שָׂבְעָתֵ֑ךְ וַתִּזְנִ֕ים וְגַ֖ם לֹ֥א שָׂבָֽעַתְּ׃", "text": "And *wattizŋî* to-*bənê* *ʾaššûr* from *mibbiltî* *śābʿātēk* and *ttiznîm* and also not *śābāʿat*.", "grammar": { "*wattizŋî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you prostituted yourself", "*bənê*": "sons of, construct state", "*ʾaššûr*": "Assyria, proper noun", "*mibbiltî*": "from not, preposition + preposition + negative particle", "*śābʿātēk*": "your satisfaction/satiety, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ttiznîm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you committed prostitution with them", "*śābāʿat*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you were satisfied" }, "variants": { "*mibbiltî śābʿātēk*": "from your lack of satisfaction/because you were not satisfied/due to your insatiability", "*ttiznîm*": "you committed prostitution with them/you played the harlot with them" } } 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.29", "source": "וַתַּרְבִּ֧י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתֵ֛ךְ אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ כְּנַ֖עַן כַּשְׂדִּ֑ימָה וְגַם־בְּזֹ֖את לֹ֥א שָׂבָֽעַתְּ׃", "text": "And *watarbî* *ʾet*-*taznûtēk* to-*ʾereṣ* *kənaʿan* *kaśdîmāh* and also-in *bəzōʾt* not *śābāʿat*.", "grammar": { "*watarbî*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you multiplied/increased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*taznûtēk*": "your prostitution/harlotry, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʾereṣ*": "land of, construct state", "*kənaʿan*": "Canaan, proper noun", "*kaśdîmāh*": "to Chaldea, proper noun with directional heh", "*bəzōʾt*": "in this, preposition + demonstrative feminine singular", "*śābāʿat*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you were satisfied" }, "variants": { "*kaśdîmāh*": "to Chaldea/toward the Chaldeans/to Babylonia", "*bəzōʾt*": "in this/with this/by this" } } 30 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.30", "source": "מָ֤ה אֲמֻלָה֙ לִבָּתֵ֔ךְ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה בַּעֲשׂוֹתֵךְ֙ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֔לֶּה מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה אִשָּֽׁה־זוֹנָ֖ה שַׁלָּֽטֶת׃", "text": "How *ʾămullāh* *libbātēk*, *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*, in *baʿăśôtēk* *ʾet*-all-*ʾēlleh*, *maʿăśēh* *ʾiššāh*-*zônāh* *šallāṭet*.", "grammar": { "*ʾămullāh*": "weak/feeble/languishing, qal passive participle feminine singular", "*libbātēk*": "your heart, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance of, noun construct", "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord, noun with 1st person singular suffix", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*baʿăśôtēk*": "in your doing, preposition + qal infinitive construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēlleh*": "these, demonstrative", "*maʿăśēh*": "deed/work/act, noun construct", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman, noun construct", "*zônāh*": "prostitute/harlot, qal participle feminine singular", "*šallāṭet*": "ruling/domineering/imperious, qal participle feminine singular" }, "variants": { "*ʾămullāh*": "weak/feeble/languishing/sick", "*libbātēk*": "your heart/your will/your mind", "*šallāṭet*": "domineering/imperious/brazen/shameless" } } 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.31", "source": "בִּבְנוֹתַ֤יִךְ גַּבֵּךְ֙ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ כָּל־דֶּ֔רֶךְ וְרָמָתֵ֥ךְ עָשִׂ֖ית בְּכָל־רְח֑וֹב וְלֹא־הָיִ֥ית כַּזּוֹנָ֖ה לְקַלֵּ֥ס אֶתְנָֽן׃", "text": "In *bibnôtayik* *gabbēk* in *bərōʾš* all-*derek* and *wərāmātēk* *ʿāśît* in all-*rəḥôb* and not-*hāyît* like *kazzônāh* to *ləqallēs* *ʾetnān*.", "grammar": { "*bibnôtayik*": "in your building, preposition + qal infinitive construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*gabbēk*": "your mound/arched place, noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*bərōʾš*": "in the head/top of, preposition + noun construct", "*derek*": "way/road/path, noun absolute", "*wərāmātēk*": "and your high place, conjunction + noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʿāśît*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you made", "*rəḥôb*": "street/plaza/square, noun absolute", "*hāyît*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you were", "*kazzônāh*": "like the prostitute, preposition + definite article + qal participle feminine singular", "*ləqallēs*": "to mock/scorn, preposition + piel infinitive construct", "*ʾetnān*": "hire/payment/fee, noun absolute" }, "variants": { "*gabbēk*": "your mound/your arched place/your vaulted chamber/your shrine", "*ləqallēs*": "to mock/to scorn/to reject/to disdain", "*ʾetnān*": "hire/payment/fee/wages [of prostitution]" } } 32 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.32", "source": "הָאִשָּׁ֖ה הַמְּנָאָ֑פֶת תַּ֣חַת אִישָׁ֔הּ תִּקַּ֖ח אֶת־זָרִֽים׃", "text": "The *hāʾiššāh* *hamənāʾāfet* *taḥat* *ʾîšāh* *tiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*zārîm*.", "grammar": { "*hāʾiššāh*": "the woman, definite article + noun absolute", "*hamənāʾāfet*": "the committing adultery, definite article + piel participle feminine singular", "*taḥat*": "under/instead of, preposition", "*ʾîšāh*": "her husband, noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix", "*tiqqaḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she takes", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zārîm*": "strangers, plural adjective" }, "variants": { "*hamənāʾāfet*": "the one committing adultery/the adulteress", "*taḥat*": "under/instead of/in place of", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreign men/those who are alien" } } 33 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.33", "source": "לְכָל־זֹנ֖וֹת יִתְּנוּ־נֵ֑דֶה וְאַ֨תְּ נָתַ֤תְּ אֶת־נְדָנַ֙יִךְ֙ לְכָל־מְאַֽהֲבַ֔יִךְ וַתִּשְׁחֳדִ֣י אוֹתָ֗ם לָב֥וֹא אֵלַ֛יִךְ מִסָּבִ֖יב בְּתַזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "To all-*zōnôt* *yittenû*-*nēdeh* and you *nātatt* *ʾet*-*nədānayik* to all-*məʾahăbayik* and *wattišḥŏdî* *ʾôtām* to *lābôʾ* to you from *missābîb* in *bətaznûtāyik*.", "grammar": { "*zōnôt*": "prostitutes, qal participle feminine plural", "*yittenû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they give", "*nēdeh*": "gift/payment, noun absolute", "*nātatt*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you gave", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nədānayik*": "your gifts, plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*məʾahăbayik*": "your lovers, piel participle masculine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*wattišḥŏdî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you bribed", "*ʾôtām*": "them, direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix", "*lābôʾ*": "to come, preposition + qal infinitive construct", "*missābîb*": "from around, preposition + adverb", "*bətaznûtāyik*": "in your prostitutions, preposition + plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix" }, "variants": { "*nēdeh*": "gift/payment/price/fee", "*nədānayik*": "your gifts/your payments/your bribes", "*wattišḥŏdî*": "you bribed/you gave gifts to/you hired", "*missābîb*": "from around/from all sides/from every direction" } } 34 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.34", "source": "וַיְהִי־בָ֨ךְ הֵ֤פֶךְ מִן־הַנָּשִׁים֙ בְּתַזְנוּתַ֔יִךְ וְאַחֲרַ֖יִךְ לֹ֣א זוּנָּ֑ה וּבְתִתֵּ֣ךְ אֶתְנָ֗ן וְאֶתְנַ֛ן לֹ֥א נִתַּן־לָ֖ךְ וַתְּהִ֥י לְהֶֽפֶךְ׃", "text": "And *wayəhî*-in you *hēfek* from-*hannāšîm* in *bətaznûtayik* and *wəʾaḥărayik* not *zûnnāh* and in *ûbətittēk* *ʾetnān* and *wəʾetnān* not *nittan*-to you and *wattəhî* to *ləhefek*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was", "*hēfek*": "contrary/opposite, noun absolute", "*hannāšîm*": "the women, definite article + plural noun", "*bətaznûtayik*": "in your prostitutions, preposition + plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*wəʾaḥărayik*": "and after you, conjunction + preposition with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*zûnnāh*": "pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was prostituted/was hired", "*ûbətittēk*": "and in your giving, conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix", "*ʾetnān*": "hire/payment/fee, noun absolute", "*wəʾetnān*": "and hire/payment/fee, conjunction + noun absolute", "*nittan*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was given", "*wattəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you were", "*ləhefek*": "to the opposite/contrary, preposition + definite article + noun absolute" }, "variants": { "*hēfek*": "contrary/opposite/reverse", "*zûnnāh*": "was prostituted/was hired/was sought", "*ʾetnān*": "hire/payment/fee/wages [of prostitution]", "*ləhefek*": "to the opposite/to the contrary/in reverse" } } 35 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.35", "source": "לָכֵ֣ן זוֹנָ֔ה שִׁמְעִ֖י דְּבַר־יְהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "Therefore, *zônāh*, *šimʿî* *dəbar*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*zônāh*": "prostitute/harlot, qal participle feminine singular", "*šimʿî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - hear", "*dəbar*": "word of, construct state", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*zônāh*": "prostitute/harlot/whore", "*dəbar*": "word/message/speaking" } } 36 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.36", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהֹוִ֗ה יַ֣עַן הִשָּׁפֵ֤ךְ נְחֻשְׁתֵּךְ֙ וַתִּגָּלֶ֣ה עֶרְוָתֵ֔ךְ כְּ‪[t]‬תַזְנוּתַ֖יִךְ עַל־מְאַהֲבָ֑יִךְ וְעַל֙ כָּל־גִּלּוּלֵ֣י תוֹעֲבוֹתַ֔יִךְ וְכִדְמֵ֣י בָנַ֔יִךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תְּ לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yəhōwih*, because *hišāpēḵ* your *nəḥuštēḵ* and *watigāleh* your *ʿerwātēḵ* in your *tazənûtayiḵ* upon your *məʾahăḇāyiḵ* and upon all *gilûlê* your *tôʿăḇôtayiḵ* and like the *ḏimê* your *ḇānayiḵ* which *nātat* to them.", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with suffix - my Lord", "*yəhōwih*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because/on account of", "*hišāpēḵ*": "niphal infinitive construct - was poured out/spilled", "*nəḥuštēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your bronze/filthiness/lust", "*watigāleh*": "niphal consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and was uncovered/revealed", "*ʿerwātēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nakedness/genitals", "*tazənûtayiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your fornications/acts of harlotry", "*məʾahăḇāyiḵ*": "piel participle, masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lovers", "*gilûlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of", "*tôʿăḇôtayiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations", "*ḏimê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - blood of", "*ḇānayiḵ*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sons/children", "*nātat*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you gave" }, "variants": { "*nəḥuštēḵ*": "filthiness/lust/copper/bronze/brass", "*ʿerwātēḵ*": "nakedness/genitals/shame", "*tazənûtayiḵ*": "prostitutions/whoredoms/fornications", "*məʾahăḇāyiḵ*": "lovers/paramours", "*gilûlê*": "idols/logs/dung-gods", "*tôʿăḇôtayiḵ*": "abominations/detestable things", "*ḏimê*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt" } } 37 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.37", "source": "לָ֠כֵן הִנְנִ֨י מְקַבֵּ֤ץ אֶת־כָּל־מְאַהֲבַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָרַ֣בְתְּ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וְאֵת֙ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָהַ֔בְתְּ עַ֖ל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֑את וְקִבַּצְתִּי֩ אֹתָ֨ם עָלַ֜יִךְ מִסָּבִ֗יב וְגִלֵּיתִ֤י עֶרְוָתֵךְ֙ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם וְרָא֖וּ אֶת־כָּל־עֶרְוָתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "Therefore *hinənî* *məqabēṣ* *ʾet*-all your *məʾahăḇayiḵ* whom *ʿāraḇt* upon them, and *ʾēt* all whom *ʾāhaḇt* upon all whom *śānēʾt*; and *wəqibaṣtî* them *ʿālayiḵ* from *misāḇîḇ* and *wəgilêtî* your *ʿerwātēḵ* to them, and *wərāʾû* *ʾet*-all your *ʿerwātēḵ*.", "grammar": { "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus/consequently", "*hinənî*": "interjection with 1st singular suffix - here am I/behold me", "*məqabēṣ*": "piel participle, masculine singular - gathering/assembling", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*məʾahăḇayiḵ*": "piel participle, masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lovers", "*ʿāraḇt*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you found sweet/pleasant/pleasing", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāhaḇt*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you loved", "*śānēʾt*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you hated", "*wəqibaṣtî*": "piel perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I will gather", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - upon you/against you", "*misāḇîḇ*": "preposition + noun - from all around/from every side", "*wəgilêtî*": "piel perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I will uncover/reveal", "*ʿerwātēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nakedness/genitals", "*wərāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will see" }, "variants": { "*məʾahăḇayiḵ*": "lovers/paramours", "*ʿāraḇt*": "you found sweet/pleasant/you mingled with/engaged with", "*ʾāhaḇt*": "you loved/desired", "*śānēʾt*": "you hated/detested/rejected", "*ʿerwātēḵ*": "nakedness/genitals/shame/exposed parts" } } 38 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.38", "source": "וּשְׁפַטְתִּיךְ֙ מִשְׁפְּטֵ֣י נֹאֲפ֔וֹת וְשֹׁפְכֹ֖ת דָּ֑ם וּנְתַתִּ֕יךְ דַּ֥ם חֵמָ֖ה וְקִנְאָֽה׃", "text": "And *ûšəpaṭtîḵ* *mišpəṭê* *nōʾăpôt* and *wəšōpəḵōt* *dām*; and *ûnətattîḵ* *dam* *ḥēmāh* and *wəqinʾāh*.", "grammar": { "*ûšəpaṭtîḵ*": "qal perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive and 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I will judge you", "*mišpəṭê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - judgments of", "*nōʾăpôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - adulteresses/women who commit adultery", "*wəšōpəḵōt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - and those who shed/pour out", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*ûnətattîḵ*": "qal perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive and 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I will give you/make you", "*dam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood of", "*ḥēmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wrath/fury/heat", "*wəqinʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular - and jealousy/envy" }, "variants": { "*nōʾăpôt*": "adulteresses/women who commit adultery", "*šōpəḵōt*": "those who shed/pour out/spill", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ḥēmāh*": "wrath/fury/rage/poison", "*qinʾāh*": "jealousy/envy/zeal" } } 39 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.39", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֨י אוֹתָ֜ךְ בְּיָדָ֗ם וְהָרְס֤וּ גַבֵּךְ֙ וְנִתְּצ֣וּ רָמֹתַ֔יִךְ וְהִפְשִׁ֤יטוּ אוֹתָךְ֙ בְּגָדַ֔יִךְ וְלָקְח֖וּ כְּלֵ֣י תִפְאַרְתֵּ֑ךְ וְהִנִּיח֖וּךְ עֵירֹ֥ם וְעֶרְיָֽה׃", "text": "And *wənātattî* *ʾôtāḵ* in *bəyādām* and *wəhārəsû* your *gabēḵ* and *wənitəṣû* your *rāmōtayiḵ* and *wəhipšîṭû* *ʾôtāḵ* your *bəgādayiḵ* and *wəlāqəḥû* *kəlê* your *tipʾartēḵ* and *wəhinîḥûḵ* *ʿêrōm* and *wəʿeryāh*.", "grammar": { "*wənātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I will give", "*ʾôtāḵ*": "direct object marker with 2nd feminine singular suffix - you", "*bəyādām*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their hand/power", "*wəhārəsû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will demolish/tear down", "*gabēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your eminence/mound/brothel", "*wənitəṣû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will break down/destroy", "*rāmōtayiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your high places/platforms", "*wəhipšîṭû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will strip/remove", "*bəgādayiḵ*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your clothes/garments", "*wəlāqəḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will take", "*kəlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - articles/vessels/implements of", "*tipʾartēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your beauty/glory/ornament", "*wəhinîḥûḵ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive and 2nd feminine singular suffix - and they will leave you", "*ʿêrōm*": "adjective, masculine singular - naked/bare", "*wəʿeryāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - and naked/bare" }, "variants": { "*gabēḵ*": "your mound/back/eminence/brothel/vault", "*rāmōtayiḵ*": "your high places/elevated platforms/cult sites", "*kəlê*": "vessels/articles/implements/instruments", "*tipʾartēḵ*": "your beauty/glory/splendor/ornament" } } 40 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.40", "source": "וְהֶעֱל֤וּ עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ קָהָ֔ל וְרָגְמ֥וּ אוֹתָ֖ךְ בָּאָ֑בֶן וּבִתְּק֖וּךְ בְּחַרְבוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And *wəheʿĕlû* upon *ʿālayiḵ* *qāhāl*, and *wərāgəmû* *ʾôtāḵ* with the *bāʾāḇen*, and *ûbitəqûḵ* with their *bəḥarḇôtām*.", "grammar": { "*wəheʿĕlû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will bring up/cause to go up", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - upon you/against you", "*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation/crowd", "*wərāgəmû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will stone", "*ʾôtāḵ*": "direct object marker with 2nd feminine singular suffix - you", "*bāʾāḇen*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the stone(s)", "*ûbitəqûḵ*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive and 2nd feminine singular suffix - and they will cut you/hack you to pieces", "*bəḥarḇôtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - with their swords" }, "variants": { "*qāhāl*": "assembly/crowd/multitude/congregation", "*rāgəmû*": "stone/pelt with stones", "*bitəqûḵ*": "cut you up/hack you to pieces/slice you" } } 41 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.41", "source": "וְשָׂרְפ֤וּ בָתַּ֙יִךְ֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְעָשׂוּ־בָ֣ךְ שְׁפָטִ֔ים לְעֵינֵ֖י נָשִׁ֣ים רַבּ֑וֹת וְהִשְׁבַּתִּיךְ֙ מִזּוֹנָ֔ה וְגַם־אֶתְנַ֖ן לֹ֥א תִתְּנִי־עֽוֹד׃", "text": "And *wəśārəpû* your *ḇātayiḵ* with the *bāʾēš*, and *wəʿāśû* in *ḇāḵ* *šəpāṭîm* to the eyes *ləʿênê* of *nāšîm* *rabôt*; and *wəhišbattîḵ* from *mizônāh*, and also *wəgam*-*ʾetnan* not *titənî*-*ʿôd*.", "grammar": { "*wəśārəpû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will burn", "*ḇātayiḵ*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your houses", "*bāʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the fire", "*wəʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they will execute/do", "*ḇāḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - in you/on you", "*šəpāṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - judgments/acts of judgment", "*ləʿênê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - before the eyes of/in the sight of", "*nāšîm*": "noun, feminine plural - women", "*rabôt*": "adjective, feminine plural - many", "*wəhišbattîḵ*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive and 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I will cause you to cease", "*mizônāh*": "preposition + qal participle, feminine singular - from being a harlot/prostitute", "*wəgam*": "conjunction - and also", "*ʾetnan*": "noun, masculine singular - fee/hire/payment (for prostitution)", "*titənî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will give", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/anymore" }, "variants": { "*ḇātayiḵ*": "your houses/dwellings", "*šəpāṭîm*": "judgments/punishments/acts of judgment", "*zônāh*": "harlot/prostitute/whore", "*ʾetnan*": "hire/fee/payment (for prostitution)" } } 42 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.42", "source": "וַהֲנִחֹתִ֤י חֲמָתִי֙ בָּ֔ךְ וְסָ֥רָה קִנְאָתִ֖י מִמֵּ֑ךְ וְשָׁ֣קַטְתִּ֔י וְלֹ֥א אֶכְעַ֖ס עֽוֹד׃", "text": "And *wahănîḥōtî* my *ḥămātî* in *bāḵ*, and *wəsārāh* my *qinʾātî* from *mimmēḵ*; and *wəšāqaṭtî* and not *ʾeḵʿas* *ʿôd*.", "grammar": { "*wahănîḥōtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I will cause to rest/satisfy", "*ḥămātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my wrath/fury/rage", "*bāḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - in you/on you", "*wəsārāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - and it will depart/turn aside", "*qinʾātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my jealousy/zeal", "*mimmēḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from you", "*wəšāqaṭtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I will be quiet/calm/at rest", "*ʾeḵʿas*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will be angry", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/anymore" }, "variants": { "*hănîḥōtî*": "I will cause to rest/satisfy/bring to rest/calm/appease", "*ḥămātî*": "my wrath/fury/rage/burning anger", "*qinʾātî*": "my jealousy/envy/zeal", "*šāqaṭtî*": "I will be quiet/at rest/calm down/be pacified" } } 43 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.43", "source": "יַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־*זכרתי **זָכַרְתְּ֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרַ֔יִךְ וַתִּרְגְּזִי־לִ֖י בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְגַם־אֲנִ֨י הֵ֜א דַּרְכֵּ֣ךְ ׀ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ נָתַ֗תִּי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וְלֹ֤א *עשיתי **עָשִׂית֙ אֶת־הַזִּמָּ֔ה עַ֖ל כָּל־תּוֹעֲבֹתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "Because *yaʿan* that *ʾăšer* not-*zāḵart* *ʾet*-days *yəmê* of your *nəʿûrayiḵ* and *watirgəzî*-to me in *bəḵol*-these, and also-I *wəgam*-*ʾănî* *hēʾ* your *darkēḵ* in *bərōʾš* *nātattî*, *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *yəhōwih*, and not *ʿāśît* *ʾet*-the *hazimmāh* upon *ʿal* all-your *tôʿăḇōtāyiḵ*.", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because/on account of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*zāḵart*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you remembered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*nəʿûrayiḵ*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your youth", "*watirgəzî*": "qal consecutive imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you raged/were agitated/trembled", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me/against me", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun - in all/with all", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*wəgam*": "conjunction - and also", "*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*hēʾ*": "interjection - behold", "*darkēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your way/path/conduct", "*bərōʾš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on the head/on top", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have given/placed", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/my Lord", "*yəhōwih*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʿāśît*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/made", "*hazimmāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the wickedness/depravity/lewdness", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/concerning/besides", "*tôʿăḇōtāyiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations" }, "variants": { "*zāḵart*": "you remembered/recalled/called to mind", "*nəʿûrayiḵ*": "your youth/early life", "*tirgəzî*": "you raged/were agitated/provoked/angered", "*darkēḵ*": "your way/path/conduct/actions", "*bərōʾš*": "on the head/on top of/first", "*zimmāh*": "wickedness/lewdness/depravity/evil plan", "*tôʿăḇōtāyiḵ*": "your abominations/detestable acts" } } 44 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.44", "source": "הִנֵּה֙ כָּל־הַמֹּשֵׁ֔ל עָלַ֥יִךְ יִמְשֹׁ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר כְּאִמָּ֖ה בִּתָּֽהּ׃", "text": "Behold *hinnēh*, all-the *kol*-*hammōšēl* upon *ʿālayiḵ* *yimšōl* to say *lēʾmōr*: As *kəʾimmāh* her *bittāh*.", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/lo", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of/every", "*hammōšēl*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the one who speaks in proverbs/makes comparisons", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - concerning you/against you", "*yimšōl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will make a proverb/speak a byword", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*kəʾimmāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - like her mother", "*bittāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her daughter" }, "variants": { "*mōšēl*": "one who makes a proverb/speaks in parables/makes comparisons", "*yimšōl*": "he will speak in proverbs/make comparisons/use as a byword" } } 45 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.45", "source": "בַּת־אִמֵּ֣ךְ אַ֔תְּ גֹּעֶ֥לֶת אִישָׁ֖הּ וּבָנֶ֑יהָ וַאֲח֨וֹת אֲחוֹתֵ֜ךְ אַ֗תְּ אֲשֶׁ֤ר גָּֽעֲ֙לוּ֙ אַנְשֵׁיהֶ֣ן וּבְנֵיהֶ֔ן אִמְּכֶ֣ן חִתִּ֔ית וַאֲבִיכֶ֖ן אֱמֹרִֽי׃", "text": "Daughter-of *bat*-your *ʾimmēḵ* you *ʾat* *gōʿelet* her *ʾîšāh* and her *ûḇānehā*; and sister *waʾăḥôt* of your *ʾăḥôtēḵ* you *ʾat*, who *ʾăšer* *gāʿălû* their *ʾanšêhen* and their *ûḇənêhen*; your mother *ʾimməḵen* *ḥittît* and your father *waʾăḇîḵen* *ʾĕmōrî*.", "grammar": { "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*ʾimmēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your mother", "*ʾat*": "personal pronoun, 2nd feminine singular - you", "*gōʿelet*": "qal participle, feminine singular - one who loathes/abhors/rejects", "*ʾîšāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her husband", "*ûḇānehā*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her children", "*waʾăḥôt*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and sister of", "*ʾăḥôtēḵ*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which", "*gāʿălû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they loathed/abhorred/rejected", "*ʾanšêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their husbands", "*ûḇənêhen*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - and their children", "*ʾimməḵen*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (plural) mother", "*ḥittît*": "gentilic adjective, feminine singular - Hittite woman", "*waʾăḇîḵen*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - and your (plural) father", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "gentilic adjective, masculine singular - Amorite man" }, "variants": { "*gōʿelet*": "one who loathes/abhors/rejects/despises", "*gāʿălû*": "they loathed/abhorred/rejected/despised", "*ḥittît*": "Hittite woman/of Hittite origin", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite man/of Amorite origin" } } 46 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.46", "source": "וַאֲחוֹתֵ֨ךְ הַגְּדוֹלָ֤ה שֹֽׁמְרוֹן֙ הִ֣יא וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ הַיּוֹשֶׁ֖בֶת עַל־שְׂמֹאולֵ֑ךְ וַאֲחוֹתֵ֞ךְ הַקְּטַנָּ֣ה מִמֵּ֗ךְ הַיּוֹשֶׁ֙בֶת֙ מִֽימִינֵ֔ךְ סְדֹ֖ם וּבְנוֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And your *waʾăḥôtēḵ* the *hagədôlāh* *šōmərôn* she *hîʾ* and her *ûḇənôtehā*, the *hayyôšeḇet* on *ʿal*-your *śəmōʾwlēḵ*; and your *waʾăḥôtēḵ* the *haqqəṭannāh* than *mimmēḵ*, the *hayyôšeḇet* from your *mîmînēḵ*, *sədōm* and her *ûḇənôtehā*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăḥôtēḵ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your sister", "*hagədôlāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the older/greater", "*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - she", "*ûḇənôtehā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters/surrounding villages", "*hayyôšeḇet*": "definite article + qal participle, feminine singular - the one who dwells/sits", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on/at", "*śəmōʾwlēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your left side/north", "*haqqəṭannāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the younger/smaller", "*mimmēḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - than you", "*mîmînēḵ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your right side/south", "*sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom" }, "variants": { "*gədôlāh*": "older/greater/larger", "*yôšeḇet*": "dwelling/sitting/located at", "*śəmōʾwl*": "left side/north", "*qəṭannāh*": "younger/smaller/lesser", "*yāmîn*": "right side/south", "*bənôtehā*": "her daughters/surrounding towns and villages" } } 47 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.47", "source": "וְלֹ֤א בְדַרְכֵיהֶן֙ הָלַ֔כְתְּ וּבְתוֹעֲבֽוֹתֵיהֶ֖ן *עשיתי **עָשִׂ֑ית כִּמְעַ֣ט קָ֔ט וַתַּשְׁחִ֥תִי מֵהֵ֖ן בְּכָל־דְּרָכָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And not in *wəlōʾ* *ḇəḏarḵêhen* *hālaḵt* and in their *ûḇətôʿăḇôtêhen* *ʿāśît*; in *kiməʿaṭ* *qāṭ* and *wataš*ḥîtî* than *mēhēn* in all-your *bəḵol*-*dərāḵāyiḵ*.", "grammar": { "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ḇəḏarḵêhen*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their ways", "*hālaḵt*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you walked", "*ûḇətôʿăḇôtêhen*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - and in their abominations", "*ʿāśît*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/acted", "*kiməʿaṭ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - as a little/almost", "*qāṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - small/trifling", "*wataš*ḥîtî*": "hiphil consecutive imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you acted corruptly/were corrupted", "*mēhēn*": "preposition with 3rd feminine plural suffix - than them", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all of", "*dərāḵāyiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ways" }, "variants": { "*ḏarḵêhen*": "their ways/paths/conduct", "*tôʿăḇôtêhen*": "their abominations/detestable acts", "*kiməʿaṭ* *qāṭ*": "as if that were a small thing/almost nothing/too little", "*taš*ḥîtî*": "you acted corruptly/became more corrupt/were more depraved", "*dərāḵāyiḵ*": "your ways/paths/conduct" } } 48 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.48", "source": "חַי־אָ֗נִי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה אִם־עָֽשְׂתָה֙ סְדֹ֣ם אֲחוֹתֵ֔ךְ הִ֖יא וּבְנוֹתֶ֑יהָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔ית אַ֖תְּ וּבְנוֹתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "Living-I *ḥay*-*ʾānî*, *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *yəhōwih*, if-*ʾim*-*ʿāśətāh* *sədōm* your *ʾăḥôtēḵ*, she *hîʾ* and her *ûḇənôtehā*, as *kaʾăšer* *ʿāśît* you *ʾat* and your *ûḇənôtāyiḵ*.", "grammar": { "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - living/alive", "*ʾānî*": "personal pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/my Lord", "*yəhōwih*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*ʿāśətāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she did/made", "*sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʾăḥôtēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - she", "*ûḇənôtehā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters/surrounding villages", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - as/according to what", "*ʿāśît*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/made", "*ʾat*": "personal pronoun, 2nd feminine singular - you", "*ûḇənôtāyiḵ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your daughters/towns" }, "variants": { "*ḥay*-*ʾānî*": "as I live/as surely as I live (oath formula)", "*ʿāśətāh*": "she did/acted/committed", "*bənôtehā*": "her daughters/surrounding towns", "*bənôtāyiḵ*": "your daughters/towns under your control" } } 49 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.49", "source": "הִנֵּה־זֶ֣ה הָיָ֔ה עֲוֺ֖ן סְדֹ֣ם אֲחוֹתֵ֑ךְ גָּא֨וֹן שִׂבְעַת־לֶ֜חֶם וְשַׁלְוַ֣ת הַשְׁקֵ֗ט הָ֤יָה לָהּ֙ וְלִבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ וְיַד־עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְי֖וֹן לֹ֥א הֶחֱזִֽיקָה׃", "text": "Behold-this *hinnēh*-*zeh* *hāyāh* *ʿăwōn* *sədōm* your *ʾăḥôtēḵ*: *gāʾôn* *śiḇʿat*-*leḥem* and *wəšalwat* the *hašqēṭ* *hāyāh* to her *lāh* and to her *wəliḇnôtehā*, and hand-of *wəyad*-*ʿānî* and *wəʾeḇyôn* not *lōʾ* *heḥĕzîqāh*.", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/lo", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʾăḥôtēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*gāʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular - pride/arrogance", "*śiḇʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - fullness/satisfaction of", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food", "*wəšalwat*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and abundance/ease of", "*hašqēṭ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the quiet/undisturbed rest", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*lāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her/for her", "*wəliḇnôtehā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and to her daughters", "*wəyad*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and hand of", "*ʿānî*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor/afflicted", "*wəʾeḇyôn*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and needy", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*heḥĕzîqāh*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she strengthened/helped" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/sin/punishment", "*gāʾôn*": "pride/arrogance/exaltation", "*śiḇʿat*-*leḥem*": "fullness of bread/abundance of food", "*šalwat* *hašqēṭ*": "careless ease/peaceful security/prosperous tranquility", "*heḥĕzîqāh* *yad*": "she strengthened the hand/helped/supported" } } 50 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.50", "source": "וַֽתִּגְבְּהֶ֔ינָה וַתַּעֲשֶׂ֥ינָה תוֹעֵבָ֖ה לְפָנָ֑י וָאָסִ֥יר אֶתְהֶ֖ן כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר רָאִֽיתִי׃ ס", "text": "And *wattīgbəhênāh* and *wattaʿăśênāh* *tôʿēbāh* before *lǝpānāy*; and *wāʾāsīr* *ʾethên* according to what *rāʾîtî*.", "grammar": { "*wattīgbəhênāh*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - and they became proud/haughty", "*wattaʿăśênāh*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - and they did/made", "*tôʿēbāh*": "feminine singular noun - abomination", "*lǝpānāy*": "preposition + noun + 1st person singular suffix - before me/in my sight", "*wāʾāsīr*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 1st singular - and I removed/took away", "*ʾethên*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine plural suffix - them", "*rāʾîtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I saw" }, "variants": { "*tôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable thing/repulsive act", "*wattīgbəhênāh*": "they became high/proud/haughty/arrogant", "*wāʾāsīr*": "I removed/took away/destroyed", "*rāʾîtî*": "I saw/perceived/observed" } } 51 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.51", "source": "וְשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן כַּחֲצִ֥י חַטֹּאתַ֖יִךְ לֹ֣א חָטָ֑אָה וַתַּרְבִּ֤י אֶת־תּוֹעֲבוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ מֵהֵ֔נָּה וַתְּצַדְּקִי֙ אֶת־אֲחוֹתַ֔יִךְ בְּכָל־תּוֹעֲבוֹתַ֖יִךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִֽׂית׃", "text": "And *šōmrôn* like half *ḥaṭṭōʾtayik* not *ḥāṭāʾāh*; and *wattarbî* *ʾet-tôʿăbôtayik* more than *mēhēnnāh*, and *watṣaddĕqî* *ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik* in all *tôʿăbôtayik* which *ʿāśît*.", "grammar": { "*šōmrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtayik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sins", "*ḥāṭāʾāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she sinned", "*wattarbî*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you multiplied/increased", "*ʾet-tôʿăbôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations", "*mēhēnnāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural pronoun - more than them", "*watṣaddĕqî*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you justified/made righteous", "*ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters", "*tôʿăbôtayik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations", "*ʿāśît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/committed" }, "variants": { "*šōmrôn*": "Samaria (capital of Northern Kingdom of Israel)", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtayik*": "your sins/offenses/transgressions", "*wattarbî*": "you increased/multiplied/made abundant", "*tôʿăbôtayik*": "your abominations/detestable acts/repulsive deeds", "*watṣaddĕqî*": "you made to appear righteous/justified/vindicated", "*ʾăḥôtayik*": "your sisters (metaphorical for other cities/nations)" } } 52 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.52", "source": "גַּם־אַ֣תְּ ׀ שְׂאִ֣י כְלִמָּתֵ֗ךְ אֲשֶׁ֤ר פִּלַּלְתְּ֙ לַֽאֲחוֹתֵ֔ךְ בְּחַטֹּאתַ֛יִךְ אֲשֶׁר־הִתְעַ֥בְתְּ מֵהֵ֖ן תִּצְדַּ֣קְנָה מִמֵּ֑ךְ וְגַם־אַ֥תְּ בּ֙וֹשִׁי֙ וּשְׂאִ֣י כְלִמָּתֵ֔ךְ בְּצַדֶּקְתֵּ֖ךְ אַחְיוֹתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "Also *gam-ʾatt* *śĕʾî* *kĕlimmātēk* which *pillalt* to *laʾăḥôtēk* in *bĕḥaṭṭōʾtayik* which *hitʿabt* more than *mēhēn* *tiṣdaqnāh* from *mimmēk*; and also *wĕgam-ʾatt* *bôšî* and *ûśĕʾî* *kĕlimmātēk* in *bĕṣaddĕqtēk* *ʾaḥyôtēk*.", "grammar": { "*gam-ʾatt*": "particle + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - also you", "*śĕʾî*": "imperative, 2nd feminine singular - bear/carry", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your shame/disgrace", "*pillalt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you judged/decided/interceded", "*laʾăḥôtēk*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for your sisters", "*bĕḥaṭṭōʾtayik*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in/by your sins", "*hitʿabt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular, Hithpael - you committed abominations", "*mēhēn*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural pronoun - more than them", "*tiṣdaqnāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they are more righteous", "*mimmēk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - than you", "*wĕgam-ʾatt*": "conjunction + particle + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - and also you", "*bôšî*": "imperative, 2nd feminine singular - be ashamed/embarrassed", "*ûśĕʾî*": "conjunction + imperative, 2nd feminine singular - and bear/carry", "*bĕṣaddĕqtēk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your justifying", "*ʾaḥyôtēk*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters" }, "variants": { "*śĕʾî*": "bear/carry/lift/endure", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "your shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*pillalt*": "you judged/decided/mediated/interceded", "*hitʿabt*": "you committed abominations/acted abominably", "*tiṣdaqnāh*": "they are more righteous/justified/vindicated", "*bôšî*": "be ashamed/embarrassed/disgraced", "*bĕṣaddĕqtēk*": "in your justifying/making righteous/vindicating" } } 53 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.53", "source": "וְשַׁבְתִּי֙ אֶת־שְׁבִ֣יתְהֶ֔ן אֶת־שְׁב֤וּת סְדֹם֙ וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ וְאֶת־שְׁב֥וּת שֹׁמְר֖וֹן וּבְנוֹתֶ֑יהָ וּשְׁב֥וּת שְׁבִיתַ֖יִךְ בְּתוֹכָֽהְנָה׃", "text": "And *wĕšabtî* *ʾet-šĕbîtĕhen*, *ʾet-šĕbût* *sĕdōm* and *ûbĕnôtêhā*, and *wĕʾet-šĕbût* *šōmrôn* and *ûbĕnôtêhā*, and *ûšĕbût* *šĕbîtayik* in *bĕtôkāhĕnāh*.", "grammar": { "*wĕšabtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will restore/return", "*ʾet-šĕbîtĕhen*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine plural suffix - their captivity", "*ʾet-šĕbût*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the captivity of", "*sĕdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ûbĕnôtêhā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters", "*wĕʾet-šĕbût*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - and the captivity of", "*šōmrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*ûbĕnôtêhā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters", "*ûšĕbût*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and the captivity of", "*šĕbîtayik*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your captives", "*bĕtôkāhĕnāh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their midst" }, "variants": { "*wĕšabtî*": "I will restore/return/bring back", "*šĕbîtĕhen*": "their captivity/fortunes/former state", "*šĕbût*": "captivity/fortunes/former state", "*bĕnôtêhā*": "her daughters (metaphor for surrounding towns/villages)", "*šĕbîtayik*": "your captives/captivity/fortunes", "*bĕtôkāhĕnāh*": "in their midst/among them" } } 54 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.54", "source": "לְמַ֙עַן֙ תִּשְׂאִ֣י כְלִמָּתֵ֔ךְ וְנִכְלַ֕מְתְּ מִכֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֑ית בְּנַחֲמֵ֖ךְ אֹתָֽן׃", "text": "In order that *lĕmaʿan* *tiśʾî* *kĕlimmātēk* and *wĕniklamt* from all *mikkōl* which *ʿāśît* in *bĕnaḥămēk* *ʾōtān*.", "grammar": { "*lĕmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that/so that", "*tiśʾî*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will bear/carry", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your shame/disgrace", "*wĕniklamt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, Niphal - and you will be ashamed", "*mikkōl*": "preposition + noun - from all", "*ʿāśît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/made", "*bĕnaḥămēk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your comforting", "*ʾōtān*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine plural suffix - them" }, "variants": { "*tiśʾî*": "you will bear/carry/endure", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "your shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*wĕniklamt*": "you will be ashamed/humiliated/disgraced", "*bĕnaḥămēk*": "in your comforting/consoling" } } 55 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.55", "source": "וַאֲחוֹתַ֗יִךְ סְדֹ֤ם וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ תָּשֹׁ֣בְןָ לְקַדְמָתָ֔ן וְשֹֽׁמְרוֹן֙ וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ תָּשֹׁ֖בְןָ לְקַדְמָתָ֑ן וְאַתְּ֙ וּבְנוֹתַ֔יִךְ תְּשֻׁבֶ֖ינָה לְקַדְמַתְכֶֽן׃", "text": "And *waʾăḥôtayik* *sĕdōm* and *ûbĕnôtêhā* *tāšōbnā* to *lĕqadmātān*, and *wĕšōmrôn* and *ûbĕnôtêhā* *tāšōbnā* to *lĕqadmātān*, and *wĕʾatt* and *ûbĕnôtayik* *tĕšubênāh* to *lĕqadmatken*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăḥôtayik*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your sisters", "*sĕdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ûbĕnôtêhā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughters", "*tāšōbnā*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will return", "*lĕqadmātān*": "preposition + noun + 3rd feminine plural suffix - to their former state", "*wĕšōmrôn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Samaria", "*wĕʾatt*": "conjunction + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - and you", "*ûbĕnôtayik*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your daughters", "*tĕšubênāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will return", "*lĕqadmatken*": "preposition + noun + 2nd feminine plural suffix - to your former state" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḥôtayik*": "your sisters (metaphorical reference to other cities)", "*bĕnôtêhā*": "her daughters (surrounding towns/settlements)", "*tāšōbnā*": "they will return/be restored", "*lĕqadmātān*": "to their former state/original condition", "*bĕnôtayik*": "your daughters (satellite towns/villages)", "*lĕqadmatken*": "to your former state/original condition" } } 56 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.56", "source": "וְל֤וֹא הָֽיְתָה֙ סְדֹ֣ם אֲחוֹתֵ֔ךְ לִשְׁמוּעָ֖ה בְּפִ֑יךְ בְּי֖וֹם גְּאוֹנָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *wĕlôʾ* *hāyĕtāh* *sĕdōm* *ʾăḥôtēk* for *lišmûʿāh* in *bĕpîk* in *bĕyôm* *gĕʾônāyik*.", "grammar": { "*wĕlôʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hāyĕtāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she was", "*sĕdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister", "*lišmûʿāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a report/mention", "*bĕpîk*": "preposition + noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your mouth", "*bĕyôm*": "preposition + noun - in day of", "*gĕʾônāyik*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your pride" }, "variants": { "*hāyĕtāh*": "she was/existed/happened", "*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister (metaphor for another city)", "*lišmûʿāh*": "for a report/mention/rumor/news", "*bĕpîk*": "in your mouth (idiom for being mentioned/spoken of)", "*gĕʾônāyik*": "your pride/arrogance/exaltation" } } 57 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.57", "source": "בְּטֶרֶם֮ תִּגָּלֶ֣ה רָעָתֵךְ֒ כְּמ֗וֹ עֵ֚ת חֶרְפַּ֣ת בְּנוֹת־אֲרָ֔ם וְכָל־סְבִיבוֹתֶ֖יהָ בְּנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים הַשָּׁאט֥וֹת אוֹתָ֖ךְ מִסָּבִֽיב׃", "text": "Before *bĕṭerem* *tiggāleh* *rāʿātēk*, like *kĕmô* time of *ʿēt* *ḥerpat* *bĕnôt-ʾărām* and all *wĕkāl-sĕbîbôtêhā* *bĕnôt* *pĕlištîm*, *haššāʾṭôt* *ʾôtāk* from *missābîb*.", "grammar": { "*bĕṭerem*": "conjunction - before", "*tiggāleh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, Niphal - it was revealed", "*rāʿātēk*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wickedness", "*kĕmô*": "preposition - like", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine construct - time of", "*ḥerpat*": "noun, feminine construct - reproach of", "*bĕnôt-ʾărām*": "noun, feminine plural construct + proper noun - daughters of Aram", "*wĕkāl-sĕbîbôtêhā*": "conjunction + noun + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and all her surroundings", "*bĕnôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - daughters of", "*pĕlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*haššāʾṭôt*": "article + participle, feminine plural, Qal - the ones despising", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker + 2nd feminine singular suffix - you", "*missābîb*": "preposition + adverb - from around" }, "variants": { "*tiggāleh*": "was revealed/uncovered/exposed", "*rāʿātēk*": "your wickedness/evil/calamity", "*ḥerpat*": "reproach/disgrace/contempt of", "*bĕnôt-ʾărām*": "daughters of Aram (Syrian cities/towns)", "*sĕbîbôtêhā*": "her surroundings/neighbors", "*bĕnôt pĕlištîm*": "daughters of Philistines (Philistine cities/towns)", "*haššāʾṭôt*": "the ones despising/scorning/treating with contempt" } } 58 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.58", "source": "אֶת־זִמָּתֵ֥ךְ וְאֶת־תּוֹעֲבוֹתַ֖יִךְ אַ֣תְּ נְשָׂאתִ֑ים נְאֻ֖ם יְהוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*ʾet-zimmātēk* and *wĕʾet-tôʿăbôtayik* *ʾatt* *nĕśāʾtîm*, *nĕʾum* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet-zimmātēk*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lewdness", "*wĕʾet-tôʿăbôtayik*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your abominations", "*ʾatt*": "pronoun, 2nd feminine singular - you", "*nĕśāʾtîm*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - you have borne them", "*nĕʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/wickedness/evil plans", "*tôʿăbôtayik*": "your abominations/detestable acts", "*nĕśāʾtîm*": "you have borne/carried/endured them", "*nĕʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of" } } 59 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.59", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וְעָשִׂ֥יתִי אוֹתָ֖ךְ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֑ית אֲשֶׁר־בָּזִ֥ית אָלָ֖ה לְהָפֵ֥ר בְּרִֽית׃", "text": "For *kî* thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*: and *wĕʿāśîtî* *ʾôtāk* according to what *kaʾăšer* *ʿāśît*, who *ʾăšer-bāzît* *ʾālāh* to break *lĕhāpēr* *bĕrît*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*wĕʿāśîtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will do", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker + 2nd feminine singular suffix - you", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - according to what", "*ʿāśît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did", "*ʾăšer-bāzît*": "relative pronoun + perfect, 2nd feminine singular - who despised", "*ʾālāh*": "noun, feminine singular - oath", "*lĕhāpēr*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Hiphil - to break", "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant" }, "variants": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord/Master (divine title)", "*wĕʿāśîtî*": "I will do/act/deal with", "*ʿāśît*": "you did/acted/performed", "*bāzît*": "you despised/disdained/held in contempt", "*ʾālāh*": "oath/curse/imprecation", "*lĕhāpēr*": "to break/violate/nullify", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty" } } 60 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.60", "source": "וְזָכַרְתִּ֨י אֲנִ֧י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֛י אוֹתָ֖ךְ בִּימֵ֣י נְעוּרָ֑יִךְ וַהֲקִמוֹתִ֥י לָ֖ךְ בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And *wĕzākartî* *ʾănî* *ʾet-bĕrîtî* *ʾôtāk* in days of *bîmê* *nĕʿûrāyik*; and *wahăqîmôtî* to you *lāk* *bĕrît* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*wĕzākartî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will remember", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*ʾet-bĕrîtî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker + 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you", "*bîmê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in days of", "*nĕʿûrāyik*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your youth", "*wahăqîmôtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular, Hiphil - and I will establish", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for you", "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - everlasting" }, "variants": { "*wĕzākartî*": "I will remember/recall/bring to mind", "*bĕrîtî*": "my covenant/agreement/treaty", "*nĕʿûrāyik*": "your youth/young age", "*wahăqîmôtî*": "I will establish/confirm/set up", "*bĕrît ʿôlām*": "everlasting covenant/eternal agreement" } } 61 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.61", "source": "וְזָכַ֣רְתְּ אֶת־דְּרָכַיִךְ֮ וְנִכְלַמְתְּ֒ בְּקַחְתֵּ֗ךְ אֶת־אֲחוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ הַגְּדֹל֣וֹת מִמֵּ֔ךְ אֶל־הַקְּטַנּ֖וֹת מִמֵּ֑ךְ וְנָתַתִּ֨י אֶתְהֶ֥ן לָ֛ךְ לְבָנ֖וֹת וְלֹ֥א מִבְּרִיתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And *wĕzākart* *ʾet-dĕrākayik* and *wĕniklamt*, when *bĕqaḥtēk* *ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik* *haggĕdōlôt* from *mimmēk* to *ʾel-haqqĕṭannôt* from *mimmēk*; and *wĕnātattî* *ʾethen* to you *lāk* for *lĕbānôt*, and not *wĕlōʾ* from *mibbĕrîtēk*.", "grammar": { "*wĕzākart*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you will remember", "*ʾet-dĕrākayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ways", "*wĕniklamt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, Niphal - and you will be ashamed", "*bĕqaḥtēk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Qal + 2nd feminine singular suffix - when you take", "*ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters", "*haggĕdōlôt*": "article + adjective, feminine plural - the greater", "*mimmēk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - than you", "*ʾel-haqqĕṭannôt*": "preposition + article + adjective, feminine plural - to the lesser", "*wĕnātattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will give", "*ʾethen*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine plural suffix - them", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*lĕbānôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - for daughters", "*wĕlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*mibbĕrîtēk*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your covenant" }, "variants": { "*wĕzākart*": "you will remember/recall/bring to mind", "*dĕrākayik*": "your ways/paths/conduct", "*wĕniklamt*": "you will be ashamed/humiliated/disgraced", "*bĕqaḥtēk*": "when you take/receive/accept", "*ʾăḥôtayik*": "your sisters (metaphor for other cities)", "*haggĕdōlôt*": "the greater/older/more important", "*haqqĕṭannôt*": "the lesser/younger/less important", "*wĕnātattî*": "I will give/grant/place", "*lĕbānôt*": "for daughters/as daughters", "*mibbĕrîtēk*": "from your covenant/according to your covenant" } } 62 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.62", "source": "וַהֲקִימוֹתִ֥י אֲנִ֛י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֖י אִתָּ֑ךְ וְיָדַ֖עַתְּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wahăqîmôtî* *ʾănî* *ʾet-bĕrîtî* with *ʾittāk*; and *wĕyādaʿat* that *kî-ʾănî* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wahăqîmôtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular, Hiphil - and I will establish", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*ʾet-bĕrîtî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾittāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you", "*wĕyādaʿat*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you will know", "*kî-ʾănî*": "conjunction + pronoun, 1st singular - that I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*wahăqîmôtî*": "I will establish/confirm/set up", "*bĕrîtî*": "my covenant/agreement/treaty", "*wĕyādaʿat*": "you will know/understand/recognize" } } 63 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.63", "source": "לְמַ֤עַן תִּזְכְּרִי֙ וָבֹ֔שְׁתְּ וְלֹ֨א יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֥ךְ עוֹד֙ פִּתְח֣וֹן פֶּ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י כְּלִמָּתֵ֑ךְ בְּכַפְּרִי־לָךְ֙ לְכָל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔ית נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ ס", "text": "In order that *lĕmaʿan* *tizkĕrî* and *wābōšt* and not *wĕlōʾ* *yihyeh-lāk* again *ʿôd* *pitḥôn* *peh* because of *mippĕnê* *kĕlimmātēk*, when *bĕkappĕrî-lāk* for all *lĕkāl-ʾăšer* *ʿāśît*, *nĕʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*lĕmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that", "*tizkĕrî*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will remember", "*wābōšt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you will be ashamed", "*wĕlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yihyeh-lāk*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - there will be to you", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/yet", "*pitḥôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - opening of", "*peh*": "noun, masculine singular - mouth", "*mippĕnê*": "preposition + noun - because of", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your shame", "*bĕkappĕrî-lāk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + 1st singular suffix + preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - when I atone for you", "*lĕkāl-ʾăšer*": "preposition + noun + relative pronoun - for all that", "*ʿāśît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did", "*nĕʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*tizkĕrî*": "you will remember/recall/bring to mind", "*wābōšt*": "you will be ashamed/embarrassed/disgraced", "*pitḥôn peh*": "opening of mouth (idiom for speaking/excuse)", "*kĕlimmātēk*": "your shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*bĕkappĕrî-lāk*": "when I atone for you/make expiation for you/forgive you", "*ʿāśît*": "you did/committed/performed", "*nĕʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord/Master (divine title)" } }
  • Rev 17:1-6 : 1 { "verseID": "Revelation.17.1", "source": "Καὶ ἦλθεν εἷς ἐκ τῶν ἑπτὰ ἀγγέλων τῶν ἐχόντων τὰς ἑπτὰ φιάλας, καὶ ἐλάλησεν μετʼ ἐμοῦ, λέγων μοι, Δεῦρο· δείξω σοι τὸ κρίμα τῆς πόρνης τῆς μεγάλης τῆς καθημένης ἐπὶ τῶν ὑδάτων τῶν πολλῶν:", "text": "And *ēlthen* one from the *hepta* *angelōn* the ones *echontōn* the *hepta* *phialas*, and *elalēsen* with me, *legōn* to me, *Deuro*; I will *deixō* to you the *krima* of the *pornēs* the *megalēs* the one *kathēmenēs* upon the *hydatōn* the many:", "grammar": { "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - came", "*hepta*": "cardinal number - seven", "*angelōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of angels/messengers", "*echontōn*": "present active participle, genitive plural masculine - having/holding", "*phialas*": "accusative plural feminine - bowls/vials", "*elalēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - spoke", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative singular masculine - saying", "*Deuro*": "adverb/imperative - come here", "*deixō*": "future active indicative, 1st singular - I will show", "*krima*": "accusative singular neuter - judgment/sentence", "*pornēs*": "genitive singular feminine - of prostitute/harlot", "*megalēs*": "genitive singular feminine - great/large", "*kathēmenēs*": "present middle participle, genitive singular feminine - sitting/dwelling", "*hydatōn*": "genitive plural neuter - of waters" }, "variants": { "*angelōn*": "messengers/angels", "*phialas*": "bowls/vials/cups", "*krima*": "judgment/sentence/condemnation", "*pornēs*": "prostitute/harlot/sexually immoral woman", "*hydatōn*": "waters/liquid/fluid bodies" } } 2 { "verseID": "Revelation.17.2", "source": "Μεθʼ ἧς ἐπόρνευσαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἐμεθύσθησαν οἱ κατοικοῦντες τὴν γῆν ἐκ τοῦ οἴνου τῆς πορνείας αὐτῆς.", "text": "With whom *eporneusan* the *basileis* of the *gēs*, and *emethysthēsan* the ones *katoikountes* the *gēn* from the *oinou* of the *porneias* of her.", "grammar": { "*eporneusan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - committed sexual immorality", "*basileis*": "nominative plural masculine - kings/rulers", "*gēs*": "genitive singular feminine - of earth/land", "*emethysthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural - were made drunk", "*katoikountes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - dwelling/inhabiting", "*gēn*": "accusative singular feminine - earth/land", "*oinou*": "genitive singular masculine - of wine", "*porneias*": "genitive singular feminine - of sexual immorality/prostitution" }, "variants": { "*eporneusan*": "committed fornication/engaged in illicit sexual relations/participated in idolatry", "*basileis*": "kings/rulers/sovereigns", "*katoikountes*": "inhabitants/dwellers/residents", "*oinou*": "wine/fermented drink", "*porneias*": "sexual immorality/prostitution/idolatry" } } 3 { "verseID": "Revelation.17.3", "source": "Καὶ ἀπήνεγκέν με εἰς ἔρημον ἐν Πνεύματι: καὶ εἶδον γυναῖκα καθημένην ἐπὶ θηρίον κόκκινον, γέμον ὀνομάτων βλασφημίας, ἔχον κεφαλὰς ἑπτὰ καὶ κέρατα δέκα.", "text": "And *apēnegken* me into *erēmon* in *Pneumati*: and *eidon* *gynaika* *kathēmenēn* upon *thērion* *kokkinon*, *gemon* *onomatōn* *blasphēmias*, *echon* *kephalas* *hepta* and *kerata* *deka*.", "grammar": { "*apēnegken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - carried away", "*erēmon*": "accusative singular feminine - wilderness/desert", "*Pneumati*": "dative singular neuter - in Spirit", "*eidon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st singular - I saw", "*gynaika*": "accusative singular feminine - woman", "*kathēmenēn*": "present middle participle, accusative singular feminine - sitting", "*thērion*": "accusative singular neuter - beast/wild animal", "*kokkinon*": "accusative singular neuter - scarlet/red", "*gemon*": "present active participle, accusative singular neuter - being full of", "*onomatōn*": "genitive plural neuter - of names", "*blasphēmias*": "genitive singular feminine - of blasphemy", "*echon*": "present active participle, accusative singular neuter - having", "*kephalas*": "accusative plural feminine - heads", "*hepta*": "cardinal number - seven", "*kerata*": "accusative plural neuter - horns", "*deka*": "cardinal number - ten" }, "variants": { "*apēnegken*": "carried away/led away/transported", "*erēmon*": "wilderness/desert/desolate place", "*Pneumati*": "Spirit/spirit/breath", "*gynaika*": "woman/wife/female", "*thērion*": "beast/wild animal/brutal person", "*kokkinon*": "scarlet/crimson/red", "*blasphēmias*": "blasphemy/slander/defamation", "*kerata*": "horns/projections/powers" } } 4 { "verseID": "Revelation.17.4", "source": "Καὶ ἡ γυνὴ ἦν περιβεβλημένη πορφύρᾳ καὶ κόκκινῳ, καὶ κεχρυσωμένη χρυσῷ καὶ λίθῳ τιμίῳ καὶ μαργαρίταις, ἔχουσα χρυσοῦν ποτήριον ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτῆς γέμον βδελυγμάτων καὶ ἀκάθαρτητος πορνείας αὐτῆς:", "text": "And the *gynē* was *peribeblēmenē* with *porphyra* and *kokkino*, and *kechrysōmenē* with *chrysō* and *lithō* *timiō* and *margaritais*, *echousa* *chrysoun* *potērion* in the *cheiri* of her *gemon* *bdelygmatōn* and *akathartētos* *porneias* of her:", "grammar": { "*gynē*": "nominative singular feminine - woman", "*peribeblēmenē*": "perfect passive participle, nominative singular feminine - having been clothed/arrayed", "*porphyra*": "dative singular feminine - with purple", "*kokkino*": "dative singular neuter - with scarlet", "*kechrysōmenē*": "perfect passive participle, nominative singular feminine - having been adorned with gold", "*chrysō*": "dative singular masculine - with gold", "*lithō*": "dative singular masculine - with stone", "*timiō*": "dative singular masculine - precious", "*margaritais*": "dative plural masculine - with pearls", "*echousa*": "present active participle, nominative singular feminine - having", "*chrysoun*": "accusative singular neuter - golden", "*potērion*": "accusative singular neuter - cup", "*cheiri*": "dative singular feminine - in hand", "*gemon*": "present active participle, accusative singular neuter - being full of", "*bdelygmatōn*": "genitive plural neuter - of abominations", "*akathartētos*": "genitive singular feminine - of uncleanness", "*porneias*": "genitive singular feminine - of sexual immorality" }, "variants": { "*gynē*": "woman/wife/female", "*porphyra*": "purple/purple garment/royal color", "*kokkino*": "scarlet/crimson/red", "*lithō timiō*": "precious stone/gem/jewel", "*margaritais*": "pearls/precious ornaments", "*potērion*": "cup/goblet/drinking vessel", "*bdelygmatōn*": "abominations/detestable things/idolatrous practices", "*akathartētos*": "uncleanness/impurity/filthiness", "*porneias*": "sexual immorality/prostitution/idolatry" } } 5 { "verseID": "Revelation.17.5", "source": "Καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ μέτωπον αὐτῆς ὄνομα γεγραμμένον, Μυστήριον, Βαβυλὼν Ἡ Μεγάλη, Ἡ Μήτηρ Τῶν Πορνῶν Καὶ Τῶν Βδελυγμάτων Τῆς Γῆς.", "text": "And upon the *metōpon* of her *onoma* *gegrammenon*, *Mystērion*, *Babylōn* The *Megalē*, The *Mētēr* Of The *Pornōn* And Of The *Bdelygmatōn* Of The *Gēs*.", "grammar": { "*metōpon*": "accusative singular neuter - forehead", "*onoma*": "nominative singular neuter - name", "*gegrammenon*": "perfect passive participle, nominative singular neuter - having been written", "*Mystērion*": "nominative singular neuter - mystery", "*Babylōn*": "nominative singular feminine - Babylon", "*Megalē*": "nominative singular feminine - great", "*Mētēr*": "nominative singular feminine - mother", "*Pornōn*": "genitive plural feminine - of prostitutes", "*Bdelygmatōn*": "genitive plural neuter - of abominations", "*Gēs*": "genitive singular feminine - of earth/land" }, "variants": { "*metōpon*": "forehead/front", "*onoma*": "name/title/reputation", "*gegrammenon*": "written/inscribed/recorded", "*Mystērion*": "mystery/secret/hidden truth", "*Babylōn*": "Babylon (literal city or symbolic entity)", "*Megalē*": "great/large/mighty", "*Mētēr*": "mother/source/origin", "*Pornōn*": "prostitutes/harlots/sexually immoral persons", "*Bdelygmatōn*": "abominations/detestable things/idolatrous practices", "*Gēs*": "earth/land/world" } } 6 { "verseID": "Revelation.17.6", "source": "Καὶ εἶδον τὴν γυναῖκα μεθύουσαν ἐκ τοῦ αἵματος τῶν ἁγίων, καὶ ἐκ τοῦ αἵματος τῶν μαρτύρων Ἰησοῦ: καὶ ἐθαύμασα ἰδὼν αὐτὴν θαῦμα μέγα.", "text": "And *eidon* the *gynaika* *methyousan* from the *haimatos* of the *hagiōn*, and from the *haimatos* of the *martyrōn* of *Iēsou*: and *ethaumasa* *idōn* her *thauma* *mega*.", "grammar": { "*eidon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st singular - I saw", "*gynaika*": "accusative singular feminine - woman", "*methyousan*": "present active participle, accusative singular feminine - being drunk", "*haimatos*": "genitive singular neuter - of blood", "*hagiōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of saints/holy ones", "*martyrōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of witnesses/martyrs", "*Iēsou*": "genitive singular masculine - of Jesus", "*ethaumasa*": "aorist active indicative, 1st singular - I marveled/wondered", "*idōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine - seeing/having seen", "*thauma*": "accusative singular neuter - wonder/marvel", "*mega*": "accusative singular neuter - great" }, "variants": { "*gynaika*": "woman/wife/female", "*methyousan*": "being drunk/intoxicated/filled", "*haimatos*": "blood/bloodshed/life", "*hagiōn*": "saints/holy ones/consecrated people", "*martyrōn*": "witnesses/martyrs/testifiers", "*ethaumasa*": "marveled/wondered/was amazed", "*thauma*": "wonder/amazement/astonishment" } }
  • Lev 20:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.5", "source": "וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י אֲנִ֧י אֶת־פָּנַ֛י בָּאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא וּבְמִשְׁפַּחְתּ֑וֹ וְהִכְרַתִּ֨י אֹת֜וֹ וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־הַזֹּנִ֣ים אַחֲרָ֗יו לִזְנ֛וֹת אַחֲרֵ֥י הַמֹּ֖לֶךְ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃", "text": "*wᵊ-śamtî* *ʾănî* *ʾet*-*pānay* in-*hā-ʾîš* *ha-hûʾ* and-in-*mišpaḥtô* *wᵊ-hikrattî* *ʾōtô* and-*ʾēt* all-*ha-zōnîm* after-him to-*liznôt* after *ha-mōlek* from-midst *ʿammām*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-śamtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will set", "*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I", "*ʾet*-*pānay*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my face", "*bā-ʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - against the man", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*û-bᵊ-mišpaḥtô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and against his family", "*wᵊ-hikrattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will cut off", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wᵊ-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kol*-*ha-zōnîm*": "construct + definite article + participle, masculine plural - all those committing harlotry", "*ʾaḥărâw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - after him", "*li-znôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to commit harlotry", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ha-mōlek*": "definite article + proper noun - Molech", "*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people" }, "variants": { "*śamtî* *ʾet*-*pānay*": "set my face against/direct my attention against", "*mišpaḥtô*": "his family/his clan/his relatives", "*hikrattî*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*ha-zōnîm*": "those who prostitute themselves/those who are unfaithful/those who commit harlotry", "*li-znôt*": "to commit harlotry/to be unfaithful/to prostitute themselves", "*ʿammām*": "their people/their community" } } 6 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.6", "source": "וְהַנֶּ֗פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּפְנֶ֤ה אֶל־הָֽאֹבֹת֙ וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים לִזְנ֖וֹת אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־פָּנַי֙ בַּנֶּ֣פֶשׁ הַהִ֔וא וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י אֹת֖וֹ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wᵊ-ha-nepeš* *ʾăšer* *tipneh* to-*hā-ʾōbōt* and-to-*ha-yiddᵊʿōnîm* to-*liznôt* after-them *wᵊ-nātattî* *ʾet*-*pānay* in-*ha-nepeš* *ha-hiwʾ* *wᵊ-hikrattî* *ʾōtô* from-midst *ʿammô*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-ha-nepeš*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the person/soul", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*tipneh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - turns/turns aside", "*ʾel*-*hā-ʾōbōt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - to the mediums", "*wᵊ-ʾel*-*ha-yiddᵊʿōnîm*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and to the spiritists/wizards", "*li-znôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to commit harlotry", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them", "*wᵊ-nātattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will set", "*ʾet*-*pānay*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my face", "*ba-nepeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - against the person/soul", "*ha-hiwʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*wᵊ-hikrattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will cut off", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people" }, "variants": { "*ha-nepeš*": "the person/the soul/the being", "*tipneh*": "turns to/consults with/seeks", "*hā-ʾōbōt*": "mediums/necromancers/those who communicate with the dead", "*ha-yiddᵊʿōnîm*": "spiritists/wizards/fortune-tellers", "*li-znôt*": "to commit harlotry/to be unfaithful/to prostitute themselves", "*nātattî* *ʾet*-*pānay*": "set my face against/direct my attention against", "*hikrattî*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate" } }
  • Exod 34:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.16", "source": "וְלָקַחְתָּ֥ מִבְּנֹתָ֖יו לְבָנֶ֑יךָ וְזָנ֣וּ בְנֹתָ֗יו אַחֲרֵי֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ן וְהִזְנוּ֙ אֶת־בָּנֶ֔יךָ אַחֲרֵ֖י אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "*wə-lāqaḥtā* from-*bənôtāyw* for-*bānêkā* *wə-zānû* *bənôtāyw* *ʾaḥărê* *ʾĕlōhêhen* *wə-hiznû* *ʾet*-*bānêkā* *ʾaḥărê* *ʾĕlōhêhen*", "grammar": { "*wə-lāqaḥtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you will take", "*bənôtāyw*": "feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his daughters", "*bānêkā*": "masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*wə-zānû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they will prostitute/be unfaithful", "*bənôtāyw*": "feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his daughters", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/behind/following", "*ʾĕlōhêhen*": "masculine plural construct with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their gods", "*wə-hiznû*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - and they will cause to prostitute/be unfaithful", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānêkā*": "masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/behind/following", "*ʾĕlōhêhen*": "masculine plural construct with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their gods" }, "variants": { "*zānû*": "commit fornication/be unfaithful (spiritually)/prostitute", "*hiznû*": "cause to commit fornication/lead into unfaithfulness/make prostitute", "*ʾĕlōhêhen*": "their gods/deities/divine beings" } }