2 Kings 25:1

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

In the ninth year of his reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came with his entire army against Jerusalem. He laid siege to the city and built a siege wall around it.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִי֩ בִשְׁנַ֨ת הַתְּשִׁיעִ֜ית לְמָלְכ֗וֹ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂירִי֮ בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר לַחֹדֶשׁ֒ בָּ֠א נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּ֨ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֜ל ה֧וּא וְכָל־חֵיל֛וֹ עַל־יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם וַיִּ֣חַן עָלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּבְנ֥וּ עָלֶ֛יהָ דָּיֵ֖ק סָבִֽיב׃

Transliteration

wə-yəhî in šānâ the təšîʿît to mālak his in ḥōdeš the ʿaśîrî in ʿāśôr to ḥōdeš, bôʾ nəḇūḵaḏneʾṣṣar melek bāḇel he and all ḥayil his against yərûšālayim and ḥānâ against her and bānâ against her dāyēq around.

Grammar Details

• *wə-yəhî*: conjunction + consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass
• *šānâ*: construct state, feminine singular - year
• *təšîʿît*: ordinal number, feminine singular - ninth
• *mālak*: infinitive construct with lamed + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to reign/rule his
• *ḥōdeš*: noun, masculine singular - month
• *ʿaśîrî*: ordinal number, masculine singular - tenth
• *ʿāśôr*: noun, masculine singular - tenth (day)
• *bôʾ*: perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came
• *nəḇūḵaḏneʾṣṣar*: proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar
• *melek*: noun, masculine singular construct - king of
• *bāḇel*: proper noun - Babylon
• *ḥayil*: noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - army/force his
• *yərûšālayim*: proper noun - Jerusalem
• *ḥānâ*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - encamped/laid siege
• *bānâ*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - built
• *dāyēq*: noun, masculine singular - siege wall/bulwark

Word Meanings

• *wə-yəhî*: and it happened/came to pass/became
• *bôʾ*: came/arrived/entered
• *ḥānâ*: encamped/pitched camp/besieged
• *dāyēq*: siege wall/bulwark/mound/watchtower

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it; and they built forts against it round about.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And it happened in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and camped against it; and they built siege works all around it.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it; and they built forts against it round about.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And it came to pass in the ninth{H8671} year{H8141} of his reign,{H4427} in the tenth{H6224} month,{H2320} in the tenth{H6218} day of the month,{H2320} that Nebuchadnezzar{H5019} king{H4428} of Babylon{H894} came,{H935} he and all his army,{H2428} against Jerusalem,{H3389} and encamped{H2583} against it; and they built{H1129} forts{H1785} against it round about.{H5439}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And it came to pass in the ninth{H8671} year{H8141} of his reign{H4427}{(H8800)}, in the tenth{H6224} month{H2320}, in the tenth{H6218} day of the month{H2320}, that Nebuchadnezzar{H5019} king{H4428} of Babylon{H894} came{H935}{(H8804)}, he, and all his host{H2428}, against Jerusalem{H3389}, and pitched{H2583}{(H8799)} against it; and they built{H1129}{(H8799)} forts{H1785} against it round about{H5439}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And it fortuned, that in ye nyenth yeare of his reigne, vpon the tenth daye of the tenth moneth, Nabuchodonosor the kynge of Babilon came with all his power agaynst Ierusalem. And they laied sege vnto it, and buylded stronge holdes rounde aboute it.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And in the ninth yeere of his reigne, the tenth moneth and tenth day of the moneth Nebuchad-nezzar King of Babel came, he, and all his hoste against Ierusalem, & pitched against it, and they built fortes against it round about it.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And it fortuned, that in the ninth yere of his raigne, the tenth day of the tenth moneth, Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon came, he & all his hoast, against Hierusalem, and pitched against it, and made engins against it on euery syde.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth [day] of the month, [that] Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it; and they built forts against it round about.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  It happened in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And it cometh to pass, in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth of the month, come hath Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, he and all his force, against Jerusalem, and encampeth against it, and buildeth against it a fortification round about.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now in the ninth year of his rule, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came against Jerusalem with all his army and took up his position before it, building earthworks all round the town.

• World English Bible (2000)

  It happened in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it around it.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came against Jerusalem with his whole army and set up camp outside it. They built siege ramps all around it. He arrived on the tenth day of the tenth month in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 34:1-6 : 1 The word that came to Jeremiah from the Lord when Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, and all his army, along with all the kingdoms under his dominion and all the peoples, were fighting against Jerusalem and all of its cities, saying: 2 This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: Go and tell Zedekiah, king of Judah, 'This is what the Lord says: I am delivering this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he will burn it with fire.' 3 And you will not escape from his hand, for you will surely be captured and handed over to him. Your eyes will see the eyes of the king of Babylon, and he will speak directly to you. You will go to Babylon. 4 Yet hear the word of the Lord, O Zedekiah, king of Judah! This is what the Lord says concerning you: You will not die by the sword. 5 You will die in peace, and as burnings were made for your ancestors, the former kings who were before you, so they will burn incense for you and lament for you, saying, 'Alas, lord!' For I have spoken the word, declares the Lord. 6 Then Jeremiah the prophet spoke all these words to Zedekiah, king of Judah, in Jerusalem.
• Jer 52:4-9 : 4 In the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day of the month, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came with his entire army against Jerusalem. They encamped around it and built siege works all around it. 5 So the city was besieged until the eleventh year of King Zedekiah. 6 By the fourth month, on the ninth day, the famine in the city had become so severe that there was no more food for the people of the land. 7 Then the city was breached, and though the Chaldeans surrounded it, all the soldiers fled by night through the gate between the two walls, near the king’s garden. They headed toward the Arabah. 8 The Chaldean army pursued King Zedekiah and overtook him in the plains of Jericho. His entire army scattered and abandoned him. 9 They seized the king and brought him to the king of Babylon at Riblah, in the land of Hamath. There, he pronounced judgment on him. 10 The king of Babylon killed Zedekiah’s sons before his eyes, and he also executed all the officials of Judah at Riblah. 11 Then he blinded Zedekiah’s eyes and bound him in bronze shackles. The king of Babylon took him to Babylon and kept him in prison until the day he died.
• Ezek 4:1-8 : 1 Now, you, son of man, take a brick and set it before you; then inscribe on it the city of Jerusalem. 2 Build siege works against it, construct a ramp, set up camps around it, and place battering rams against it all around. 3 Then take an iron plate and place it as an iron wall between yourself and the city. Set your face against it, besiege it, and let it be under siege. This will be a sign for the house of Israel. 4 Lie on your left side and put the iniquity of the house of Israel upon it. You will bear their iniquity for the number of days you lie on that side. 5 I assign you the years of their iniquity as the number of days—three hundred ninety days—during which you will bear the iniquity of the house of Israel. 6 When you have completed these, lie down again, this time on your right side, and bear the iniquity of the house of Judah for forty days, a day for each year. I have assigned you this period. 7 Direct your face toward the siege of Jerusalem, with your arm bared, and prophesy against it. 8 I will tie you up with ropes so that you cannot turn from one side to the other until you have completed the days of your siege.
• Ezek 21:22-24 : 22 I too will clap My hands, and I will satisfy My wrath. I, the LORD, have spoken. 23 Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying: 24 As for you, son of man, draw two ways by which the sword of the king of Babylon can come, both coming from the same land. Place a signpost at the head of the road to the city.
• Ezek 24:1-9 : 1 The word of the Lord came to me in the ninth year, in the tenth month, on the tenth day of the month, saying: 2 Son of man, record for yourself the name of this day, this very day. The king of Babylon has laid siege to Jerusalem this very day. 3 Speak a parable to the rebellious house and say to them, 'This is what the Lord God says: Put the pot on, put it on, and pour water into it. 4 Gather its pieces into it, every good piece—thigh and shoulder. Fill it with the choicest bones. 5 Take the best of the flock, pile wood under it, and boil its parts until its bones are thoroughly cooked. 6 Therefore, this is what the Lord God says: Woe to the city of bloodshed, to the pot whose corrosion is in it and whose rust will not come off! Take its pieces out one by one; no lot will be cast for them. 7 For the blood she has shed is inside her; she placed it on the bare rock. She did not pour it on the ground to cover it with dust. 8 To stir up wrath and bring vengeance, I have placed her blood on the bare rock, so it would not be covered. 9 Therefore, this is what the Lord God says: Woe to the city of bloodshed! I myself will make the fire great. 10 Heap on the wood, kindle the fire, boil the flesh thoroughly, mix in the spices, and let the bones burn. 11 Set the pot on its coals empty, so that it may become hot and its bronze burned. Its filthiness will melt away; its corrosion will be consumed. 12 She has wearied herself with toil, and her heavy corrosion has not gone from her; her rust will be burned away in the fire. 13 Because of your unclean behavior and wickedness, though I tried to cleanse you, you would not be clean. You will not be cleansed again until I have satisfied my wrath upon you. 14 I, the Lord, have spoken. It will come to pass, and I will act. I will not relent, I will not show pity, nor will I change my mind. According to your ways and your deeds, you will be judged, declares the Lord God.
• Ezek 26:7 : 7 For this is what the Lord GOD says: 'Behold, I will bring against Tyre Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, from the north. He is a king of kings, with horses, chariots, horsemen, a great assembly, and a large army.'
• Dan 4:1-9 : 1 I, Nebuchadnezzar, was at ease in my house and flourishing in my palace. 2 I had a dream that made me afraid; as I lay on my bed, the thoughts in my mind and the visions of my head terrified me. 3 I issued a decree to bring all the wise men of Babylon before me, so they could interpret my dream for me. 4 Then the magicians, enchanters, Chaldeans, and soothsayers came in, and I told them the dream, but they could not explain its meaning to me. 5 Finally, Daniel came before me (whose name is Belteshazzar, named after my god, and in whom the spirit of the holy gods resides), and I told him the dream. 6 O Belteshazzar, chief of the magicians, I know that the spirit of the holy gods is in you and that no mystery is too difficult for you. Here are the visions of my dream that I saw; interpret them for me. 7 These were the visions I saw while lying on my bed: I looked, and there stood a tree in the middle of the earth, and its height was enormous. 8 The tree grew large and strong, its top reached the heavens, and it was visible to the ends of the earth. 9 Its leaves were beautiful, its fruit abundant, and it provided food for all. The beasts of the field found shade under it, the birds of the heavens lived in its branches, and every creature was fed from it. 10 In the visions I saw while lying on my bed, I looked, and there was a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven. 11 He called out loudly and said: ‘Cut down the tree and chop off its branches, strip off its leaves and scatter its fruit. Let the beasts flee from under it and the birds from its branches. 12 But leave the stump with its roots in the ground, bound with iron and bronze, surrounded by the tender grass of the field. Let it be drenched with the dew of heaven, and let it live with the animals among the plants of the earth. 13 Let his mind be changed from that of a human, and let the mind of a beast be given to him, and let seven periods of time pass over him. 14 This decision is by the decree of the watchers and the sentence by the command of the holy ones, in order that the living may know that the Most High is sovereign over the kingdoms of men, and He gives them to whomever He will and sets the lowliest of men over them. 15 This is the dream I, King Nebuchadnezzar, have seen. Now you, Belteshazzar, explain its meaning, because none of the wise men in my kingdom can interpret it for me. But you are able because the spirit of the holy gods is in you. 16 Then Daniel, also called Belteshazzar, was stunned for a moment, and his thoughts alarmed him. The king spoke and said, 'Belteshazzar, do not let the dream or its interpretation trouble you.' Belteshazzar answered, 'My lord, may the dream concern your enemies and its interpretation concern your adversaries!' 17 The tree you saw, which grew large and strong, whose height reached to the heavens and which was visible to the whole earth, 18 whose foliage was beautiful and fruit abundant, providing food for all, under which the beasts of the field lived, and in whose branches the birds of the heavens nested—
• Luke 19:43-44 : 43 For the days will come upon you when your enemies will build a barricade against you, surround you, and hem you in on every side. 44 They will crush you and your children within you to the ground. They will not leave one stone on another in you, because you did not recognize the time of your visitation from God.
• Jer 39:1-9 : 1 In the ninth year of Zedekiah, king of Judah, in the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, and his entire army came against Jerusalem and laid siege to it. 2 In the eleventh year of Zedekiah, on the ninth day of the fourth month, the city’s walls were breached. 3 All the officials of the king of Babylon came and took seats in the Middle Gate: Nergal-Sharezer, Samgar-Nebo, Sarsekim the chief officer, Nergal-Sharezer the chief magician, along with the rest of the officials of the king of Babylon. 4 When Zedekiah, king of Judah, and all the soldiers saw this, they fled, leaving the city at night through the king’s garden by the gate between the two walls, and they fled toward the Arabah. 5 But the Chaldean army pursued them, overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho, captured him, and brought him to Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, at Riblah in the land of Hamath, where he pronounced judgment on him. 6 The king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah at Riblah, before his very eyes, and also killed all the nobles of Judah. 7 He then blinded Zedekiah’s eyes and bound him with bronze chains to take him to Babylon. 8 The Chaldeans set fire to the palace of the king and the houses of the people and broke down the walls of Jerusalem. 9 Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, carried into exile to Babylon the rest of the people who remained in the city, along with those who had gone over to him, and the rest of the population. 10 But Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, left behind in the land of Judah some of the poorest people, who owned nothing, and at that time gave them vineyards and fields.
• Jer 43:10 : 10 Then say to them, ‘This is what the LORD of Armies, the God of Israel, says: I am about to send for and bring Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, my servant, and I will set his throne above these stones that I have embedded here, and he will spread his royal canopy over them.
• Jer 51:34 : 34 Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon has devoured me; he has crushed me. He has made me an empty vessel. He has swallowed me like a monster; he filled his belly with my delicacies. He has rinsed me out.
• 2 Kgs 24:1 : 1 During Jehoiakim's reign, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came up, and Jehoiakim became his servant for three years. Then he turned and rebelled against him.
• 2 Kgs 24:10 : 10 At that time, the servants of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came to Jerusalem and besieged the city.
• 1 Chr 6:15 : 15 His son Shimea, his son Haggiah, his son Asaiah.
• 2 Chr 36:17-21 : 17 So He brought up against them the king of the Chaldeans, who killed their young men with the sword in their sanctuary and showed no mercy to young men, young women, the elderly, or the infirm; God delivered them all into his hand. 18 He carried away all the articles of the house of God, both large and small, and the treasures of the LORD’s house, as well as the treasures of the king and of his officials. He brought them all to Babylon. 19 They burned the house of God, tore down the wall of Jerusalem, and burned all its palaces with fire, destroying all its valuable articles. 20 He exiled to Babylon the remnant who survived the sword, and they became servants to him and his sons until the kingdom of Persia came to power. 21 This happened to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken by Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed its sabbaths. All the time of its desolation it rested, to fulfill seventy years.
• Isa 29:3 : 3 I will encamp in a circle against you, I will besiege you with towers, and I will raise siegeworks against you.
• Jer 27:8 : 8 But any nation or kingdom that will not serve Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon or place its neck under his yoke—I will punish that nation with sword, famine, and plague, declares the LORD, until I destroy it by his hand.
• Jer 32:24 : 24 Look! Siege ramps have arrived to take the city, and it is handed over to the Chaldeans who are fighting against it because of the sword, the famine, and the plague. What You have spoken has come to pass, and You see it happening.
• Jer 32:28 : 28 Therefore, this is what the LORD says: 'I am about to give this city into the hands of the Chaldeans, into the hands of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and he will capture it.'