Genesis 31:21

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

So Jacob fled with all he had. He crossed the river and set his face toward the hill country of Gilead.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּבְרַ֥ח הוּא֙ וְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ וַיָּ֖קָם וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר אֶת־הַנָּהָ֑ר וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֶת־פָּנָ֖יו הַ֥ר הַגִּלְעָֽד׃

Transliteration

wa-yibraḥ he wĕ-kol-ʾăšer-to him, wa-yāqām wa-yaʿăbōr ʾet-the-nāhār, wa-yāśem ʾet-pānāyw har the-Gilʿād.

Grammar Details

• *wa-yibraḥ*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he fled
• *wĕ-kol*: conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and all
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - that/which
• *wa-yāqām*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arose
• *wa-yaʿăbōr*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he crossed over
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *nāhār*: common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the river
• *wa-yāśem*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he set/directed
• *pānāyw*: common noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face
• *har*: common noun, masculine singular construct - mountain/hill of
• *Gilʿād*: proper noun with definite article - Gilead

Word Meanings

• *nāhār*: river/stream (likely the Euphrates)
• *śîm* *pānāyw*: set his face/directed himself toward/turned toward
• *wa-yāqām*: arose/got up/set out

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and set his face toward the mount Gilead.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  So he fled with all he had; and he rose up, and crossed over the river, and set his face toward Mount Gilead.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and set his face toward the mount Gilead.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the River, and set his face toward the mountain of Gilead.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and set his face toward the mount Gilead.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  So fled he and all yt he had and made him self redy and passed ouer the ryuers and sett his face streyght towarde the mounte Gilead.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  So he fled, & all that was his, gat vp, and passed ouer the water, & wente straight towarde the mount Gilead.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  So fled he with all that he had, and he rose vp, and passed the riuer, and set his face towarde mount Gilead.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  So fled he, and all that he had, and made hym selfe redy, and passed ouer the ryuer, and set his face strayght towarde the mounte Gilead.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and set his face [toward] the mount Gilead.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  So he fled with all that he had. He rose up, passed over the River, and set his face toward the mountain of Gilead.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and he fleeth, he and all that he hath, and riseth, and passeth over the River, and setteth his face `toward' the mount of Gilead.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the River, and set his face toward the mountain of Gilead.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the River, and set his face toward the mountain of Gilead.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  So he went away with all he had, and went across the River in the direction of the hill-country of Gilead.

• World English Bible (2000)

  So he fled with all that he had. He rose up, passed over the River, and set his face toward the mountain of Gilead.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He left with all he owned. He quickly crossed the Euphrates River and headed for the hill country of Gilead.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Kgs 12:17 : 17 The money from guilt offerings and sin offerings was not brought to the temple of the LORD; it belonged to the priests.
• Jer 50:5 : 5 They will ask the way to Zion and turn their faces toward it. They will come and join themselves to the LORD in an everlasting covenant that will never be forgotten.
• Luke 9:51-53 : 51 When the days drew near for him to be taken up, he set his face firmly to go to Jerusalem. 52 He sent messengers ahead of him, and they went into a Samaritan village to prepare for his arrival. 53 But the people did not welcome him because his face was set toward Jerusalem.
• Gen 2:14 : 14 The name of the third river is the Tigris, which flows east of Assyria. The fourth river is the Euphrates.
• Gen 15:18 : 18 On that day, the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, "To your descendants I have given this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River—
• Gen 31:23 : 23 Taking his relatives with him, Laban pursued Jacob for seven days and caught up with him in the hill country of Gilead.
• Gen 37:25 : 25 As they sat down to eat their meal, they looked up and saw a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead. Their camels were loaded with spices, balm, and myrrh, and they were on their way to take them down to Egypt.
• Gen 46:28 : 28 Jacob sent Judah ahead of him to Joseph to get directions to Goshen. When they arrived in the land of Goshen,
• Num 24:1 : 1 When Balaam saw that it pleased the LORD to bless Israel, he did not resort to seeking omens as he had done before, but he turned his face toward the wilderness.
• Num 32:1 : 1 The sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad had a very large amount of livestock. When they saw the land of Jazer and the land of Gilead, they noticed that the place was suitable for livestock.
• Deut 3:12 : 12 At that time, we took possession of this land, from Aroer on the edge of the Arnon Valley, and half of the hill country of Gilead with its towns, and I gave them to the Reubenites and the Gadites.
• Josh 13:8-9 : 8 The other half-tribe, along with the Reubenites and the Gadites, has already received the inheritance that Moses gave them beyond the Jordan to the east, as the servant of the LORD had assigned to them. 9 Their territory extended from Aroer on the edge of the Arnon Valley, including the city in the middle of the valley, and the entire plateau from Medeba to Dibon.
• Josh 24:2-3 : 2 Joshua said to all the people, "This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: Long ago, your ancestors, including Terah, the father of Abraham and Nahor, lived beyond the Euphrates River and worshiped other gods. 3 But I took your ancestor Abraham from beyond the Euphrates River, led him throughout the land of Canaan, and gave him many descendants. I gave him Isaac.
• Judg 10:18 : 18 The people, the leaders of Gilead, said to one another, 'Who is the man who will begin the fight against the Ammonites? He shall be the leader for all the inhabitants of Gilead.'
• 1 Kgs 17:1 : 1 Elijah, the Tishbite from the inhabitants of Gilead, said to Ahab, "As the LORD, the God of Israel, lives, whom I serve, there will be neither dew nor rain in these years, except by my word."