Jonah 1:5

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The sailors were afraid, and each cried out to his own god. They threw the cargo that was in the ship into the sea to lighten it for them. But Jonah had gone down to the inner part of the ship and had lain down and was fast asleep.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּֽירְא֣וּ הַמַּלָּחִ֗ים וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אֱלֹהָיו֒ וַיָּטִ֨לוּ אֶת־הַכֵּלִ֜ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙ אֶל־הַיָּ֔ם לְהָקֵ֖ל מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְיוֹנָ֗ה יָרַד֙ אֶל־יַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַסְּפִינָ֔ה וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב וַיֵּרָדַֽם׃

Transliteration

And-wayyîrəʾû the-mallāḥîm and-wayyizʿăqû ʾîš unto-ʾĕlōhāyw and-wayyāṭilû the-kēlîm which in-the-ʾŏniyyāh unto-the-yām ləhāqēl from-upon-them and-Yônāh yāraḏ unto-yarḵəṯēy the-səpînāh and-wayyiškaḇ and-wayyērāḏam

Grammar Details

• *wayyîrəʾû*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they feared
• *mallāḥîm*: noun masculine plural + definite article - sailors/mariners
• *wayyizʿăqû*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they cried out
• *ʾîš*: noun masculine singular - each man
• *ʾĕlōhāyw*: noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his gods/his God
• *wayyāṭilû*: waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they threw
• *kēlîm*: noun masculine plural + definite article - vessels/cargo/equipment
• *ʾŏniyyāh*: noun feminine singular + definite article - ship
• *yām*: noun masculine singular + definite article - sea
• *ləhāqēl*: preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to lighten
• *yāraḏ*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - had gone down
• *yarḵəṯēy*: noun feminine plural construct - innermost parts/sides
• *səpînāh*: noun feminine singular + definite article - ship/vessel
• *wayyiškaḇ*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he lay down
• *wayyērāḏam*: waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fell fast asleep

Word Meanings

• *mallāḥîm*: sailors/mariners/seamen
• *wayyizʿăqû*: cried out/called/shouted
• *kēlîm*: vessels/cargo/equipment/implements
• *ləhāqēl*: to lighten/make lighter/ease
• *yarḵəṯēy*: innermost parts/sides/recesses
• *wayyērāḏam*: fell fast asleep/went into deep sleep

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god, and cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it of them. But ah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Then the mariners were afraid, and every man cried to his god, and they threw the cargo that was in the ship into the sea, to lighten it. But Jonah had gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god, and cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it of them. But Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then the mariners{H4419} were afraid,{H3372} and cried{H2199} every man{H376} unto his god;{H430} and they cast forth{H2904} the wares{H3627} that were in the ship{H591} into the sea,{H3220} to lighten{H7043} it unto them. But Jonah{H3124} was gone down{H3381} into the innermost parts{H3411} of the ship;{H5600} and he lay,{H7901} and was fast asleep.{H7290}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then the mariners{H4419} were afraid{H3372}{(H8799)}, and cried{H2199}{(H8799)} every man{H376} unto his god{H430}, and cast forth{H2904}{(H8686)} the wares{H3627} that were in the ship{H591} into the sea{H3220}, to lighten{H7043}{(H8687)} it of them. But Jonah{H3124} was gone down{H3381}{(H8804)} into the sides{H3411} of the ship{H5600}; and he lay{H7901}{(H8799)}, and was fast asleep{H7290}{(H8735)}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And the mariners were afrayed and cried euery man vn to his god and cast out ye goodes yt were in ye sheppe in to ye se to lighten it of the. But Ionas gatt him vnder the hatches and layed him downe and slombrede.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then the maryners were afrayde, and cried euery man vnto his god: and the goodes that were in the shippe, they cast in to the see, to lighten it off them. But Ionas gat him vnder ye hatches, where he layed him downe and slombred.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then the mariners were afraide, and cryed euery man vnto his God, and cast the wares that were in the ship, into the sea to lighten it of the: but Ionah was gone downe into the sides of the ship, and he lay downe, and was fast a sleepe.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then the maryners were afrayde, and cryed euery man vnto his God, and cast the wares that were in the shippe into the sea, to lighten it of them: but Ionas was gone downe into the sides of the shippe, & he laye downe sleeping.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god, and cast forth the wares that [were] in the ship into the sea, to lighten [it] of them. But Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man to his god. They threw the cargo that was in the ship into the sea, to lighten it. But Jonah had gone down into the innermost parts of the ship, and he was laying down, and was fast asleep.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and the mariners are afraid, and cry each unto his god, and cast the goods that `are' in the ship into the sea, to make `it' light of them; and Jonah hath gone down unto the sides of the vessel, and he lieth down, and is fast asleep.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god; and they cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it unto them. But Jonah was gone down into the innermost parts of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god; and they cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it unto them. But Jonah was gone down into the innermost parts of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then the sailors were full of fear, every man crying to his god; and the goods in the ship were dropped out into the sea to make the weight less. But Jonah had gone down into the inmost part of the ship where he was stretched out in a deep sleep.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Then the mariners were afraid, and every man cried to his god. They threw the cargo that was in the ship into the sea to lighten the ship. But Jonah had gone down into the innermost parts of the ship, and he was laying down, and was fast asleep.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The sailors were so afraid that each cried out to his own god and they flung the ship’s cargo overboard to make the ship lighter. Jonah, meanwhile, had gone down into the hold below deck, had lain down, and was sound asleep.

Referenced Verses

• Acts 27:18-19 : 18 The next day, as we were being violently tossed by the storm, they began to throw the cargo overboard. 19 On the third day, they threw the ship's tackle overboard with their own hands.
• Acts 27:38 : 38 After they had eaten as much as they wanted, they lightened the ship by throwing the grain into the sea.
• 1 Kgs 18:26 : 26 So they took the bull that was given to them, prepared it, and called on the name of Baal from morning until noon, shouting, 'O Baal, answer us!' But there was no response, no one answered. And they danced around the altar they had made.
• Job 2:4 : 4 Satan answered the LORD, 'Skin for skin! A man will give everything he has for his own life.'
• Isa 44:17-20 : 17 From the rest he makes a god, his idol, and bows down to it. He worships it and prays to it, saying, 'Save me, for you are my god.' 18 They have no knowledge or understanding; their eyes are plastered over so they cannot see, and their hearts so they cannot understand. 19 No one considers in his heart, no one has the knowledge or insight to say, 'Half of it I burned in the fire; I also baked bread on its coals, roasted meat, and ate. Now, should I make an abomination of the rest? Should I bow down to a block of wood?' 20 He feeds on ashes. A deceived heart has led him astray, and he cannot save himself or say, 'Isn't there a lie in my right hand?'
• Isa 45:20 : 20 Gather together and come; assemble, you fugitives from the nations. Ignorant are those who carry about idols of wood, who pray to gods that cannot save.
• Jer 2:28 : 28 But where are your gods that you made for yourself? Let them arise and save you in your time of trouble, if they can. For as many as your cities are your gods, Judah.
• Hos 7:14 : 14 They do not cry out to me from their hearts but wail on their beds. They gather together for grain and new wine but turn away from me.
• Jonah 1:6 : 6 The captain came to him and said, "What are you doing, sound asleep? Get up, call on your god! Perhaps your god will consider us, so that we will not perish."
• Jonah 1:14 : 14 Then they cried out to the Lord, saying, "Please, Lord, do not let us perish for taking this man's life, and do not hold us accountable for innocent blood. For you, Lord, have done as you pleased."
• Jonah 1:16 : 16 Then the men feared the Lord greatly, and they offered a sacrifice to the Lord and made vows to Him.
• Matt 25:5 : 5 When the bridegroom was delayed, they all became drowsy and fell asleep.
• Matt 26:40-41 : 40 Then He returned to His disciples and found them sleeping. "Couldn't you men keep watch with Me for one hour?" He asked Peter. 41 "Watch and pray so that you will not fall into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak."
• Matt 26:43 : 43 When He came back, He again found them sleeping, because their eyes were heavy.
• Matt 26:45 : 45 Then He came back to the disciples and said to them, "Are you still sleeping and resting? Look, the hour has come, and the Son of Man is being handed over to sinners.
• Luke 22:45-46 : 45 When he rose from prayer and came to his disciples, he found them asleep, overwhelmed with sorrow. 46 He said to them, "Why are you sleeping? Get up and pray, so that you will not fall into temptation."
• Phil 3:7-8 : 7 But whatever were gains to me I now consider loss because of Christ. 8 Indeed, I consider everything a loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake, I have suffered the loss of all things and consider them garbage, in order that I may gain Christ,
• Judg 16:19 : 19 After putting him to sleep on her lap, she called for someone to shave off the seven locks of his hair, and so began to subdue him. And his strength left him.
• 1 Sam 24:3 : 3 So Saul chose three thousand elite men from all Israel and went to search for David and his men near the rocks of the wild goats.