Job 31:1-9 : 1 {
"verseID": "Job.31.1",
"source": "בְּ֭רִית כָּרַ֣תִּי לְעֵינָ֑י וּמָ֥ה אֶ֝תְבּוֹנֵ֗ן עַל־בְּתוּלָֽה׃",
"text": "*bərit kāratî* to *ʿênāy* and *mâ ʾetbônēn* upon-*bətûlâ*",
"grammar": {
"*bərit*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - covenant",
"*kāratî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I cut/made",
"*ʿênāy*": "noun, feminine, dual construct with 1st person singular suffix - my eyes",
"*mâ*": "interrogative pronoun - what/how",
"*ʾetbônēn*": "verb, hithpael imperfect, 1st person singular - I would look at/consider",
"*bətûlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - virgin/maiden"
},
"variants": {
"*bərit kāratî*": "I made a covenant/I cut a covenant",
"*ʾetbônēn*": "I would consider/I would look at/I would gaze upon",
"*bətûlâ*": "virgin/young unmarried woman"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Job.31.2",
"source": "וּמֶ֤ה ׀ חֵ֣לֶק אֱל֣וֹהַּ מִמָּ֑עַל וְֽנַחֲלַ֥ת שַׁ֝דַּ֗י מִמְּרֹמִֽים׃",
"text": "And *meh ḥēleq ʾĕlôah* from-above and-*naḥălat šadday* from-*mərômîm*",
"grammar": {
"*meh*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion/share of",
"*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God/deity",
"*naḥălat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance/heritage of",
"*šadday*": "divine name - Almighty/Shaddai",
"*mərômîm*": "noun, masculine plural - heights/high places"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/lot",
"*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity (singular form)",
"*šadday*": "the Almighty/All-sufficient One",
"*mərômîm*": "heights/high places/heavens"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Job.31.3",
"source": "הֲלֹא־אֵ֥יד לְעַוָּ֑ל וְ֝נֵ֗כֶר לְפֹ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃",
"text": "*hălōʾ-ʾêd* to-*ʿawwāl* and-*nēker* to-*pōʿălê ʾāwen*",
"grammar": {
"*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle with negative - is not",
"*ʾêd*": "noun, masculine singular - calamity/disaster",
"*ʿawwāl*": "noun, masculine singular - unjust one/unrighteous person",
"*nēker*": "noun, masculine singular - disaster/alienation",
"*pōʿălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - doers of/workers of",
"*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - wickedness/iniquity"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾêd*": "calamity/destruction/disaster",
"*ʿawwāl*": "unjust one/unrighteous/evildoer",
"*nēker*": "disaster/alienation/estrangement",
"*pōʿălê ʾāwen*": "workers of iniquity/those who do evil"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Job.31.4",
"source": "הֲלֹא־ה֭וּא יִרְאֶ֣ה דְרָכָ֑י וְֽכָל־צְעָדַ֥י יִסְפּֽוֹר׃",
"text": "*hălōʾ-hûʾ yirʾeh dərākāy* and-all-*ṣəʿāday yispôr*",
"grammar": {
"*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle with negative - is not/does not",
"*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he",
"*yirʾeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he sees",
"*dərākāy*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my ways",
"*ṣəʿāday*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my steps",
"*yispôr*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he counts"
},
"variants": {
"*yirʾeh*": "sees/observes/watches",
"*dərākāy*": "my ways/my paths/my conduct",
"*ṣəʿāday*": "my steps/my footsteps",
"*yispôr*": "counts/numbers/records"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Job.31.5",
"source": "אִם־הָלַ֥כְתִּי עִם־שָׁ֑וְא וַתַּ֖חַשׁ עַל־מִרְמָ֣ה רַגְלֽ͏ִי׃",
"text": "If-*hālaktî* with-*šāwʾ* and-*tataḥaš* upon-*mirmâ raglî*",
"grammar": {
"*hālaktî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I walked/went",
"*šāwʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood/emptiness",
"*tataḥaš*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - it hastened",
"*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit/treachery",
"*raglî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my foot"
},
"variants": {
"*hālaktî*": "I walked/I have gone/I have conducted myself",
"*šāwʾ*": "falsehood/emptiness/vanity/worthlessness",
"*tataḥaš*": "hasten/rush/hurry",
"*mirmâ*": "deceit/treachery/fraud"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Job.31.6",
"source": "יִשְׁקְלֵ֥נִי בְמֹאזְנֵי־צֶ֑דֶק וְיֵדַ֥ע אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ תֻּמָּתִֽי׃",
"text": "*yišqəlēnî* in-*mōʾznê-ṣedeq* and-*yēdaʿ ʾĕlôah tummātî*",
"grammar": {
"*yišqəlēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he weighs me",
"*mōʾznê*": "noun, masculine dual construct - scales of",
"*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice",
"*yēdaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he knows",
"*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God/deity",
"*tummātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my integrity"
},
"variants": {
"*yišqəlēnî*": "let him weigh me/may he weigh me",
"*mōʾznê-ṣedeq*": "scales of righteousness/just balances",
"*yēdaʿ*": "know/perceive/acknowledge",
"*tummātî*": "my integrity/my innocence/my blamelessness"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Job.31.7",
"source": "אִ֥ם תִּטֶּ֣ה אַשֻּׁרִי֮ מִנִּ֢י הַ֫דָּ֥רֶךְ וְאַחַ֣ר עֵ֭ינַי הָלַ֣ךְ לִבִּ֑י וּ֝בְכַפַּ֗י דָּ֣בַק מֻאוּֽם׃",
"text": "If-*tiṭṭeh ʾaššurî* from the-*dārek* and-after *ʿênay hālak libbî* and-in-*kappay dābaq muʾûm*",
"grammar": {
"*tiṭṭeh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it turned aside",
"*ʾaššurî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my step",
"*dārek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the way/path",
"*ʿênay*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 1st person singular suffix - my eyes",
"*hālak*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it went/walked",
"*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my heart",
"*kappay*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 1st person singular suffix - my palms/hands",
"*dābaq*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it clung/adhered",
"*muʾûm*": "noun, masculine singular - anything/spot/blemish"
},
"variants": {
"*tiṭṭeh*": "turned aside/deviated/swerved",
"*ʾaššurî*": "my step/my footstep",
"*dārek*": "way/path/road",
"*hālak libbî*": "my heart has gone/my heart has followed",
"*dābaq*": "clung/stuck/adhered",
"*muʾûm*": "spot/blemish/anything [unclean]"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Job.31.8",
"source": "אֶ֭זְרְעָה וְאַחֵ֣ר יֹאכֵ֑ל וְֽצֶאֱצָאַ֥י יְשֹׁרָֽשׁוּ׃",
"text": "*ʾezrəʿâ* and-*ʾaḥēr yōʾkēl* and-*ṣeʾĕṣāʾay yəšōrāšû*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾezrəʿâ*": "verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - let me sow",
"*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - another",
"*yōʾkēl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will eat",
"*ṣeʾĕṣāʾay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my offspring",
"*yəšōrāšû*": "verb, pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be uprooted"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾezrəʿâ*": "let me sow/I would sow",
"*ʾaḥēr*": "another/someone else",
"*ṣeʾĕṣāʾay*": "my offspring/my produce/my descendants",
"*yəšōrāšû*": "be uprooted/be rooted out/be torn out"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Job.31.9",
"source": "אִם־נִפְתָּ֣ה לִ֭בִּי עַל־אִשָּׁ֑ה וְעַל־פֶּ֖תַח רֵעִ֣י אָרָֽבְתִּי׃",
"text": "If-*niptâ libbî* upon-*ʾiššâ* and-upon-*petaḥ rēʿî ʾārābtî*",
"grammar": {
"*niptâ*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was enticed",
"*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my heart",
"*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife",
"*petaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - door/entrance of",
"*rēʿî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my neighbor/friend",
"*ʾārābtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I lay in wait"
},
"variants": {
"*niptâ*": "was enticed/was deceived/was allured",
"*ʾiššâ*": "woman/wife",
"*petaḥ*": "door/entrance/opening",
"*rēʿî*": "my neighbor/my friend",
"*ʾārābtî*": "I have lurked/I have lain in wait"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Job.31.10",
"source": "תִּטְחַ֣ן לְאַחֵ֣ר אִשְׁתִּ֑י וְ֝עָלֶ֗יהָ יִכְרְע֥וּן אֲחֵרִֽין׃",
"text": "*tiṭḥan lə-ʾaḥēr ʾištî* and-upon-her *yikrəʿûn ʾăḥērîn*",
"grammar": {
"*tiṭḥan*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular jussive - let her grind",
"*lə-ʾaḥēr*": "preposition with adjective, masculine singular - for another",
"*ʾištî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my wife",
"*yikrəʿûn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural paragogic nun - they would bow down",
"*ʾăḥērîn*": "adjective, masculine plural - others"
},
"variants": {
"*tiṭḥan*": "let her grind/may she grind [grain, euphemism for sexual relations]",
"*ʾaḥēr*": "another/someone else",
"*yikrəʿûn*": "bow down/kneel/stoop [euphemism for sexual relations]",
"*ʾăḥērîn*": "others/other men"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Job.31.11",
"source": "כִּי־*הוא **הִ֥יא זִמָּ֑ה *והיא **וְ֝ה֗וּא עָוֺ֥ן פְּלִילִֽים׃",
"text": "For-*hîʾ zimmâ wə-hûʾ ʿāwōn pəlîlîm*",
"grammar": {
"*hîʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular - she/it (feminine)",
"*zimmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - lewdness/wickedness",
"*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction with pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - and it (masculine)",
"*ʿāwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*pəlîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - judges/arbiters"
},
"variants": {
"*zimmâ*": "lewdness/depravity/wickedness",
"*ʿāwōn pəlîlîm*": "iniquity of judges/punishable crime/criminal iniquity"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Job.31.12",
"source": "כִּ֤י אֵ֣שׁ הִ֭יא עַד־אֲבַדּ֣וֹן תֹּאכֵ֑ל וּֽבְכָל־תְּב֖וּאָתִ֣י תְשָׁרֵֽשׁ׃",
"text": "For *ʾēš hîʾ* unto-*ʾăbaddôn tōʾkēl* and-in-all-*təḇûʾātî təšārēš*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*hîʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular - she/it (feminine)",
"*ʾăbaddôn*": "noun, masculine singular - destruction/Abaddon",
"*tōʾkēl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it consumes",
"*təḇûʾātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my harvest/produce",
"*təšārēš*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it uproots"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame",
"*ʾăbaddôn*": "destruction/place of destruction/Abaddon",
"*tōʾkēl*": "consumes/devours/eats",
"*təḇûʾātî*": "my harvest/my produce/my increase",
"*təšārēš*": "uproots/roots out/eradicates"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Job.31.13",
"source": "אִם־אֶמְאַ֗ס מִשְׁפַּ֣ט עַ֭בְדִּי וַאֲמָתִ֑י בְּ֝רִבָ֗ם עִמָּדִֽי׃",
"text": "If-*ʾemʾas mišpaṭ ʿaḇdî wa-ʾămātî* in-*rîḇām ʿimmādî*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾemʾas*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I reject",
"*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - justice/right of",
"*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my servant",
"*wa-ʾămātî*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and my maidservant",
"*rîḇām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their dispute",
"*ʿimmādî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾemʾas*": "reject/despise/refuse",
"*mišpaṭ*": "justice/right/claim",
"*ʿaḇdî*": "my male servant/my slave",
"*ʾămātî*": "my female servant/my maidservant",
"*rîḇām*": "their dispute/their case/their lawsuit"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Job.31.14",
"source": "וּמָ֣ה אֶֽ֭עֱשֶׂה כִּֽי־יָק֣וּם אֵ֑ל וְכִֽי־יִ֝פְקֹ֗ד מָ֣ה אֲשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "And-*mâ ʾeʿĕśeh* when-*yāqûm ʾēl* and-when-*yipqōd mâ ʾăšîḇennû*",
"grammar": {
"*mâ*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will do",
"*yāqûm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he rises",
"*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God",
"*yipqōd*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he visits/examines",
"*ʾăšîḇennû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will answer him"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "I will do/I would do/I could do",
"*yāqûm*": "rises/stands up/takes action",
"*ʾēl*": "God/deity",
"*yipqōd*": "visits/inspects/examines",
"*ʾăšîḇennû*": "I will answer him/I would respond to him"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Job.31.15",
"source": "הֲֽ֝לֹא־בַ֭בֶּטֶן עֹשֵׂ֣נִי עָשָׂ֑הוּ וַ֝יְכֻנֶ֗נּוּ בָּרֶ֥חֶם אֶחָֽד׃",
"text": "*hălōʾ-ḇabbeṭen ʿōśēnî* *ʿāśāhû* and-*yəḵûnennû bāreḥem ʾeḥād*",
"grammar": {
"*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle with negative - did not",
"*ḇabbeṭen*": "preposition with definite article and noun, feminine singular - in the womb",
"*ʿōśēnî*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - [one] making me",
"*ʿāśāhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he made him",
"*yəḵûnennû*": "verb, polel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he formed him",
"*bāreḥem*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - in the womb",
"*ʾeḥād*": "adjective, masculine singular - one"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿōśēnî*": "my maker/one making me",
"*ʿāśāhû*": "made him/created him",
"*yəḵûnennû*": "formed him/fashioned him/prepared him",
"*reḥem*": "womb/belly",
"*ʾeḥād*": "one/same"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Job.31.16",
"source": "אִם־אֶ֭מְנַע מֵחֵ֣פֶץ דַּלִּ֑ים וְעֵינֵ֖י אַלְמָנָ֣ה אֲכַלֶּֽה׃",
"text": "If-*ʾemnaʿ* from-*ḥēpeṣ dallîm* and-*ʿênê ʾalmānâ ʾăkalleh*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾemnaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I withhold",
"*ḥēpeṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - desire of",
"*dallîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - poor ones",
"*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of",
"*ʾalmānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - widow",
"*ʾăkalleh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I cause to fail"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾemnaʿ*": "withhold/keep back/refuse",
"*ḥēpeṣ*": "desire/wish/request",
"*dallîm*": "poor/weak/lowly",
"*ʾăkalleh*": "cause to fail/exhaust/consume"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Job.31.17",
"source": "וְאֹכַ֣ל פִּתִּ֣י לְבַדִּ֑י וְלֹא־אָכַ֖ל יָת֣וֹם מִמֶּֽנָּה׃",
"text": "And-*ʾōkal pittî ləḇaddî* and-not-*ʾākal yātôm* from-it",
"grammar": {
"*ʾōkal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I eat",
"*pittî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my morsel/bread",
"*ləḇaddî*": "preposition with noun and 1st person singular suffix - by myself",
"*ʾākal*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he ate",
"*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan/fatherless"
},
"variants": {
"*pittî*": "my morsel/my piece/my bread",
"*ləḇaddî*": "by myself/alone",
"*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Job.31.18",
"source": "כִּ֣י מִ֭נְּעוּרַי גְּדֵלַ֣נִי כְאָ֑ב וּמִבֶּ֖טֶן אִמִּ֣י אַנְחֶֽנָּה׃",
"text": "For from-*nəʿûray gədēlanî* as-*ʾāḇ* and-from-*beṭen ʾimmî ʾanḥennâ*",
"grammar": {
"*nəʿûray*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my youth",
"*gədēlanî*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he raised me",
"*ʾāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - father",
"*beṭen*": "noun, feminine singular construct - womb of",
"*ʾimmî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my mother",
"*ʾanḥennâ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I guided her"
},
"variants": {
"*nəʿûray*": "my youth/my childhood",
"*gədēlanî*": "he raised me/he brought me up",
"*ʾanḥennâ*": "I guided her/I led her/I directed her"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Job.31.19",
"source": "אִם־אֶרְאֶ֣ה א֭וֹבֵד מִבְּלִ֣י לְב֑וּשׁ וְאֵ֥ין כְּ֝ס֗וּת לָאֶבְיֽוֹן׃",
"text": "If-*ʾerʾeh ʾôḇēd* from-without *ləḇûš* and-no *kəsût* to-*ʾeḇyôn*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾerʾeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I see",
"*ʾôḇēd*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - perishing one",
"*ləḇûš*": "noun, masculine singular - clothing",
"*kəsût*": "noun, feminine singular - covering",
"*ʾeḇyôn*": "adjective, masculine singular - needy/poor"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾôḇēd*": "perishing one/one who is dying/one who is lost",
"*ləḇûš*": "clothing/garment",
"*kəsût*": "covering/garment",
"*ʾeḇyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Job.31.20",
"source": "אִם־לֹ֣א בֵרֲכ֣וּנִי *חלצו **חֲלָצָ֑יו וּמִגֵּ֥ז כְּ֝בָשַׂי יִתְחַמָּֽם׃",
"text": "If-not *ḇērăkûnî ḥălāṣāyw* and-from-*gēz kəḇāśay yitḥammām*",
"grammar": {
"*ḇērăkûnî*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - they blessed me",
"*ḥălāṣāyw*": "noun, masculine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his loins",
"*gēz*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fleece/shearing of",
"*kəḇāśay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my sheep",
"*yitḥammām*": "verb, hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he warmed himself"
},
"variants": {
"*ḇērăkûnî*": "they blessed me/they thanked me",
"*ḥălāṣāyw*": "his loins/his body/his sides",
"*gēz*": "fleece/shearing/wool",
"*yitḥammām*": "warmed himself/was warmed"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Job.31.21",
"source": "אִם־הֲנִיפ֣וֹתִי עַל־יָת֣וֹם יָדִ֑י כִּֽי־אֶרְאֶ֥ה בַ֝שַּׁ֗עַר עֶזְרָתִֽי׃",
"text": "If-*hănîpôtî* upon-*yātôm yādî* when-*ʾerʾeh ḇaššaʿar ʿezrātî*",
"grammar": {
"*hănîpôtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I raised/shook",
"*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan/fatherless",
"*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*ʾerʾeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I see",
"*ḇaššaʿar*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - in the gate",
"*ʿezrātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my help"
},
"variants": {
"*hănîpôtî*": "I raised/I shook/I brandished [threatening gesture]",
"*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless",
"*ḇaššaʿar*": "in the gate [place of legal proceedings]",
"*ʿezrātî*": "my help/my support/my backing"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Job.31.22",
"source": "כְּ֭תֵפִי מִשִּׁכְמָ֣ה תִפּ֑וֹל וְ֝אֶזְרֹעִ֗י מִקָּנָ֥ה תִשָּׁבֵֽר׃",
"text": "*kətēpî miššikmâ tippôl* and-*ʾezrōʿî miqqānâ tiššāḇēr*",
"grammar": {
"*kətēpî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my shoulder",
"*miššikmâ*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - from [its] socket",
"*tippôl*": "verb, qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person feminine singular - let it fall",
"*ʾezrōʿî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my arm",
"*miqqānâ*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - from [its] joint",
"*tiššāḇēr*": "verb, niphal imperfect jussive, 3rd person feminine singular - let it be broken"
},
"variants": {
"*kətēpî*": "my shoulder/my shoulder blade",
"*šikmâ*": "socket/shoulder joint",
"*tippôl*": "fall/drop/be cast down",
"*ʾezrōʿî*": "my arm/my forearm",
"*qānâ*": "reed/joint/bone",
"*tiššāḇēr*": "be broken/be shattered"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Job.31.23",
"source": "כִּ֤י פַ֣חַד אֵ֭לַי אֵ֣יד אֵ֑ל וּ֝מִשְּׂאֵת֗וֹ לֹ֣א אוּכָֽל׃",
"text": "For *paḥad ʾēlay ʾêd ʾēl* and-from-*śəʾētô lōʾ ʾûkāl*",
"grammar": {
"*paḥad*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dread of",
"*ʾēlay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me",
"*ʾêd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - calamity of",
"*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God",
"*śəʾētô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his majesty/dignity",
"*lōʾ ʾûkāl*": "negative particle with verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I cannot"
},
"variants": {
"*paḥad*": "dread/terror/fear",
"*ʾêd*": "calamity/destruction",
"*śəʾētô*": "his majesty/his dignity/his exaltation",
"*ʾûkāl*": "I am able/I could endure"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Job.31.24",
"source": "אִם־שַׂ֣מְתִּי זָהָ֣ב כִּסְלִ֑י וְ֝לַכֶּ֗תֶם אָמַ֥רְתִּי מִבְטַחִֽי׃",
"text": "If-*śamtî zāhāḇ kislî* and-to-*kettem ʾāmartî miḇṭaḥî*",
"grammar": {
"*śamtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I put/placed",
"*zāhāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - gold",
"*kislî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my confidence",
"*kettem*": "noun, masculine singular - pure gold",
"*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said",
"*miḇṭaḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my trust"
},
"variants": {
"*śamtî*": "I put/I placed/I made",
"*kislî*": "my confidence/my hope/my security",
"*kettem*": "pure gold/refined gold",
"*miḇṭaḥî*": "my trust/my security/my confidence"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Job.31.25",
"source": "אִם־אֶ֭שְׂמַח כִּי־רַ֣ב חֵילִ֑י וְכִֽי־כַ֝בִּ֗יר מָצְאָ֥ה יָדִֽי׃",
"text": "If-*ʾeśmaḥ* because-abundant *ḥêlî* and-because-*kabbîr māṣəʾâ yādî*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeśmaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I rejoice",
"*ḥêlî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my wealth",
"*kabbîr*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/much",
"*māṣəʾâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it found/attained",
"*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my hand"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeśmaḥ*": "rejoice/be glad/delight",
"*ḥêlî*": "my wealth/my strength/my means",
"*kabbîr*": "great/much/abundant",
"*māṣəʾâ yādî*": "my hand found/attained/acquired"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Job.31.26",
"source": "אִם־אֶרְאֶ֣ה א֖וֹר כִּ֣י יָהֵ֑ל וְ֝יָרֵ֗חַ יָקָ֥ר הֹלֵֽךְ׃",
"text": "If-*ʾerʾeh ʾôr* because *yāhēl* and-*yārēaḥ yāqār hōlēk*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾerʾeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I see",
"*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - light",
"*yāhēl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it shines",
"*yārēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - moon",
"*yāqār*": "adjective, masculine singular - precious/splendid",
"*hōlēk*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - walking/going"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾôr*": "light/sunlight",
"*yāhēl*": "shines/gleams/is bright",
"*yārēaḥ*": "moon/lunar body",
"*yāqār*": "precious/splendid/glorious",
"*hōlēk*": "walking/going/moving"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Job.31.27",
"source": "וַיִּ֣פְתְּ בַּסֵּ֣תֶר לִבִּ֑י וַתִּשַּׁ֖ק יָדִ֣י לְפִֽי׃",
"text": "And-*yipt bassēter libbî* and-*tiššaq yādî* to-*pî*",
"grammar": {
"*yipt*": "verb, qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - it is enticed",
"*bassēter*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - in the secret/hidden place",
"*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my heart",
"*tiššaq*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it kisses",
"*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*pî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my mouth"
},
"variants": {
"*yipt*": "is enticed/is deceived/is seduced",
"*bassēter*": "in secret/in the hidden place",
"*tiššaq*": "kisses/touches [in homage]",
"*pî*": "my mouth/my speech"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Job.31.28",
"source": "גַּם־ה֭וּא עָוֺ֣ן פְּלִילִ֑י כִּֽי־כִחַ֖שְׁתִּי לָאֵ֣ל מִמָּֽעַל׃",
"text": "Also-*hûʾ ʿāwōn pəlîlî* for-*kiḥaštî* to-*ʾēl* from-above",
"grammar": {
"*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it (masculine)",
"*ʿāwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*pəlîlî*": "adjective, masculine singular - judicial/criminal",
"*kiḥaštî*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular - I denied",
"*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāwōn pəlîlî*": "judicial iniquity/punishable crime",
"*kiḥaštî*": "I denied/I lied to/I deceived",
"*ʾēl*": "God/deity"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Job.31.29",
"source": "אִם־אֶ֭שְׂמַח בְּפִ֣יד מְשַׂנְאִ֑י וְ֝הִתְעֹרַ֗רְתִּי כִּֽי־מְצָ֥אוֹ רָֽע׃",
"text": "If-*ʾeśmaḥ* in-*pîd* *məśanʾî* and-*hitʿōrartî* when-found-him *rāʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeśmaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I rejoice",
"*pîd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - calamity of",
"*məśanʾî*": "verb, piel participle, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - one hating me",
"*hitʿōrartî*": "verb, hithpolel perfect, 1st person singular - I was excited/stirred up",
"*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeśmaḥ*": "rejoice/be glad/delight",
"*pîd*": "calamity/ruin/disaster",
"*məśanʾî*": "one hating me/my enemy",
"*hitʿōrartî*": "I was excited/I was stirred up/I was aroused",
"*rāʿ*": "evil/misfortune/disaster"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Job.31.30",
"source": "וְלֹא־נָתַ֣תִּי לַחֲטֹ֣א חִכִּ֑י לִשְׁאֹ֖ל בְּאָלָ֣ה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃",
"text": "And-not-*nātattî* to-*ḥăṭōʾ ḥikkî* to-*šəʾōl* in-*ʾālâ napšô*",
"grammar": {
"*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I gave/allowed",
"*ḥăṭōʾ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to sin",
"*ḥikkî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my palate/mouth",
"*šəʾōl*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to ask/request",
"*ʾālâ*": "noun, feminine singular - curse/oath",
"*napšô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his life/soul"
},
"variants": {
"*nātattî*": "I gave/I allowed/I permitted",
"*ḥăṭōʾ*": "to sin/to err",
"*ḥikkî*": "my palate/my mouth/my speech",
"*šəʾōl*": "to ask/to request/to demand",
"*ʾālâ*": "curse/oath",
"*napšô*": "his life/his soul/his being"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Job.31.31",
"source": "אִם־לֹ֣א אָ֭מְרוּ מְתֵ֣י אָהֳלִ֑י מִֽי־יִתֵּ֥ן מִ֝בְּשָׂר֗וֹ לֹ֣א נִשְׂבָּֽע׃",
"text": "If-not *ʾāmərû* *mətê ʾāholî* who-*yittēn* from-*bəśārô lōʾ niśbāʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmərû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they said",
"*mətê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*ʾāholî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my tent",
"*yittēn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gives",
"*bəśārô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his flesh",
"*niśbāʿ*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we are satisfied"
},
"variants": {
"*mətê*": "men/people",
"*ʾāholî*": "my tent/my household",
"*mî-yittēn*": "who would give/oh that",
"*bəśārô*": "his flesh/his meat",
"*niśbāʿ*": "are satisfied/have had enough"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Job.31.32",
"source": "בַּ֭חוּץ לֹא־יָלִ֣ין גֵּ֑ר דְּ֝לָתַ֗י לָאֹ֥רַח אֶפְתָּֽח׃",
"text": "In-the-*ḥûṣ* not-*yālîn gēr* *dəlātay* to-*ʾōraḥ ʾeptāḥ*",
"grammar": {
"*ḥûṣ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - outside",
"*yālîn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he lodges/spends the night",
"*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular - stranger/sojourner",
"*dəlātay*": "noun, feminine dual with 1st person singular suffix - my doors",
"*ʾōraḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - traveler/wayfarer",
"*ʾeptāḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I open"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥûṣ*": "outside/street",
"*yālîn*": "spends the night/lodges/stays",
"*gēr*": "stranger/sojourner/foreigner",
"*dəlātay*": "my doors/my entrances",
"*ʾōraḥ*": "traveler/wayfarer/wanderer"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Job.31.33",
"source": "אִם־כִּסִּ֣יתִי כְאָדָ֣ם פְּשָׁעָ֑י לִטְמ֖וֹן בְּחֻבִּ֣י עֲוֺֽנִי׃",
"text": "If-*kissîtî kəʾādām pəšāʿāy* to-*ṭəmôn* in-*ḥubbî ʿăwōnî*",
"grammar": {
"*kissîtî*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular - I covered",
"*kəʾādām*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - like Adam/like mankind",
"*pəšāʿāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions",
"*ṭəmôn*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to hide",
"*ḥubbî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my bosom",
"*ʿăwōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my iniquity"
},
"variants": {
"*kissîtî*": "I covered/I concealed/I hid",
"*kəʾādām*": "like Adam/like mankind/like people",
"*pəšāʿāy*": "my transgressions/my sins",
"*ḥubbî*": "my bosom/my chest/my heart",
"*ʿăwōnî*": "my iniquity/my guilt/my sin"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Job.31.34",
"source": "כִּ֤י אֶֽעֱר֨וֹץ ׀ הָ֘מ֤וֹן רַבָּ֗ה וּבוּז־מִשְׁפָּח֥וֹת יְחִתֵּ֑נִי וָ֝אֶדֹּ֗ם לֹא־אֵ֥צֵא פָֽתַח׃",
"text": "Because *ʾeʿĕrôṣ hāmôn rabbâ* and-*ḇûz-mišpāḥôt yəḥittēnî* and-*ʾeddōm lōʾ-ʾēṣēʾ pātaḥ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeʿĕrôṣ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I fear/dread",
"*hāmôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - multitude of",
"*rabbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great/many",
"*ḇûz*": "noun, masculine singular construct - contempt of",
"*mišpāḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural - families/clans",
"*yəḥittēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - it terrifies me",
"*ʾeddōm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular cohortative - I am silent",
"*ʾēṣēʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I go out",
"*pātaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - door/entrance"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeʿĕrôṣ*": "I fear/I dread/I am terrified of",
"*hāmôn*": "multitude/crowd/throng",
"*ḇûz*": "contempt/scorn",
"*mišpāḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes",
"*yəḥittēnî*": "terrifies me/frightens me",
"*ʾeddōm*": "I am silent/I keep still/I am quiet",
"*pātaḥ*": "door/entrance/opening"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Job.31.35",
"source": "מִ֤י יִתֶּן־לִ֨י ׀ שֹׁ֘מֵ֤עַֽ לִ֗י הֶן־תָּ֭וִי שַׁדַּ֣י יַעֲנֵ֑נִי וְסֵ֥פֶר כָּ֝תַ֗ב אִ֣ישׁ רִיבִֽי׃",
"text": "Who *yitten-lî šōmēaʿ lî* behold-*tāwî šadday yaʿănēnî* and-*sēper kātaḇ ʾîš rîḇî*",
"grammar": {
"*yitten*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gives",
"*šōmēaʿ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - one hearing",
"*tāwî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my mark/signature",
"*šadday*": "divine name - Almighty/Shaddai",
"*yaʿănēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he answers me",
"*sēper*": "noun, masculine singular - book/document",
"*kātaḇ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he wrote",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of",
"*rîḇî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my adversary"
},
"variants": {
"*mî yitten-lî*": "who would give me/oh that I had",
"*šōmēaʿ*": "hearer/one who hears/listener",
"*tāwî*": "my mark/my signature/my sign",
"*šadday*": "the Almighty/Shaddai",
"*yaʿănēnî*": "would answer me/would respond to me",
"*sēper*": "book/document/scroll",
"*ʾîš rîḇî*": "man of my contention/my accuser/my opponent"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Job.31.36",
"source": "אִם־לֹ֣א עַל־שִׁ֭כְמִי אֶשָּׂאֶ֑נּוּ אֶֽעֶנְדֶ֖נּוּ עֲטָר֣וֹת לִֽי׃",
"text": "If-not upon-*šikmî ʾeśśāʾennû* *ʾeʿendennû ʿăṭārôt* to-me",
"grammar": {
"*šikmî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my shoulder",
"*ʾeśśāʾennû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I would bear it",
"*ʾeʿendennû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I would bind it",
"*ʿăṭārôt*": "noun, feminine plural - crowns"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeśśāʾennû*": "I would bear it/I would carry it",
"*ʾeʿendennû*": "I would bind it/I would tie it",
"*ʿăṭārôt*": "crowns/wreaths/diadems"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Job.31.37",
"source": "מִסְפַּ֣ר צְ֭עָדַי אַגִּידֶ֑נּוּ כְּמוֹ־נָ֝גִ֗יד אֲקָרֲבֶֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "*mispar ṣəʿāday ʾaggîdennû* like-*nāgîd ʾăqārăḇennû*",
"grammar": {
"*mispar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - number of",
"*ṣəʿāday*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my steps",
"*ʾaggîdennû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I would declare it",
"*nāgîd*": "noun, masculine singular - prince/ruler",
"*ʾăqārăḇennû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I would approach it"
},
"variants": {
"*mispar*": "number/count/account",
"*ṣəʿāday*": "my steps/my paces",
"*ʾaggîdennû*": "I would declare it/I would tell it/I would report it",
"*nāgîd*": "prince/ruler/leader",
"*ʾăqārăḇennû*": "I would approach it/I would present it/I would bring it near"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Job.31.38",
"source": "אִם־עָ֭לַי אַדְמָתִ֣י תִזְעָ֑ק וְ֝יַ֗חַד תְּלָמֶ֥יהָ יִבְכָּיֽוּן׃",
"text": "If-against-me *ʾadmātî tizʿāq* and-together *təlāmêhā yiḇkāyûn*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾadmātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my land",
"*tizʿāq*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it cries out",
"*təlāmêhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its furrows",
"*yiḇkāyûn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural paragogic nun - they weep"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾadmātî*": "my land/my ground/my soil",
"*tizʿāq*": "cries out/calls out/complains",
"*təlāmêhā*": "its furrows/its ridges",
"*yiḇkāyûn*": "weep/cry/mourn"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Job.31.39",
"source": "אִם־כֹּ֭חָהּ אָכַ֣לְתִּי בְלִי־כָ֑סֶף וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ בְּעָלֶ֣יהָ הִפָּֽחְתִּי׃",
"text": "If-*kōḥāh ʾākaltî* without-*kāsep* and-*nepeš bəʿālêhā hippāḥtî*",
"grammar": {
"*kōḥāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its strength",
"*ʾākaltî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I ate/consumed",
"*kāsep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver/money",
"*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular construct - soul/life of",
"*bəʿālêhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its owners",
"*hippāḥtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I caused to breathe out"
},
"variants": {
"*kōḥāh*": "its strength/its produce/its yield",
"*ʾākaltî*": "I ate/I consumed/I used",
"*kāsep*": "silver/money/payment",
"*nepeš bəʿālêhā*": "life of its owners/soul of its masters",
"*hippāḥtî*": "I caused to breathe out/I extinguished/I caused to expire"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Job.31.40",
"source": "תַּ֤חַת חִטָּ֨ה ׀ יֵ֥צֵא ח֗וֹחַ וְתַֽחַת־שְׂעֹרָ֥ה בָאְשָׁ֑ה תַּ֝֗מּוּ דִּבְרֵ֥י אִיּֽוֹב׃",
"text": "Instead-of *ḥiṭṭâ* may-*yēṣēʾ ḥôaḥ* and-instead-of-*śəʿōrâ bāʾšâ* *tammû diḇrê ʾiyyôḇ*",
"grammar": {
"*ḥiṭṭâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wheat",
"*yēṣēʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let come forth",
"*ḥôaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/thistle",
"*śəʿōrâ*": "noun, feminine singular - barley",
"*bāʾšâ*": "noun, feminine singular - stinkweed/wild herb",
"*tammû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are finished",
"*diḇrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of",
"*ʾiyyôḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Job"
},
"variants": {
"*yēṣēʾ*": "let come forth/may grow/let spring up",
"*ḥôaḥ*": "thorn/thistle/bramble",
"*bāʾšâ*": "stinkweed/noxious weeds/foul plants",
"*tammû*": "are finished/are completed/are ended",
"*diḇrê*": "words/speeches/statements"
}
}