Micah 6:10

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Micah.6.10", "source": "ע֗וֹד הַאִשׁ֙ בֵּ֣ית רָשָׁ֔ע אֹצְר֖וֹת רֶ֑שַׁע וְאֵיפַ֥ת רָז֖וֹן זְעוּמָֽה׃", "text": "*ʿôd* *ha-ʾiš* *bêt* *rāšāʿ* *ʾōṣərôt* *rešaʿ* *wə-ʾêpat* *rāzôn* *zəʿûmāh*", "grammar": { "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet", "*ha-ʾiš*": "interrogative particle + noun, masculine singular - is there", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked", "*ʾōṣərôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - treasures of", "*rešaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - wickedness", "*wə-ʾêpat*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and ephah of", "*rāzôn*": "noun, masculine singular - leanness/scant measure", "*zəʿûmāh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - accursed" }, "variants": { "*ha-ʾiš*": "is there/are there", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked/evil/guilty", "*ʾōṣərôt*": "treasures/storehouses", "*rāzôn*": "leanness/scant measure/deficiency", "*zəʿûmāh*": "accursed/detestable/abhorred" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

ע֗וֹד הַאִשׁ֙ בֵּ֣ית רָשָׁ֔ע אֹצְר֖וֹת רֶ֑שַׁע וְאֵיפַ֥ת רָז֖וֹן זְעוּמָֽה׃

Transliteration

ʿôd ha-ʾiš bêt rāšāʿ ʾōṣərôt rešaʿ wə-ʾêpat rāzôn zəʿûmāh

Grammar Details

• *ʿôd*: adverb - still/yet
• *ha-ʾiš*: interrogative particle + noun, masculine singular - is there
• *bêt*: noun, masculine singular construct - house of
• *rāšāʿ*: adjective, masculine singular - wicked
• *ʾōṣərôt*: noun, masculine plural construct - treasures of
• *rešaʿ*: noun, masculine singular - wickedness
• *wə-ʾêpat*: conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and ephah of
• *rāzôn*: noun, masculine singular - leanness/scant measure
• *zəʿûmāh*: qal passive participle, feminine singular - accursed

Word Meanings

• *ha-ʾiš*: is there/are there
• *rāšāʿ*: wicked/evil/guilty
• *ʾōṣərôt*: treasures/storehouses
• *rāzôn*: leanness/scant measure/deficiency
• *zəʿûmāh*: accursed/detestable/abhorred

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Are there still treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and dishonest measures that are detestable?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Are there yet the treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and the scant measure that is abominable?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Are there yet treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and the short measure that is abominable?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Are there yet the treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and the scant measure that is abominable?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Are there yet treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and a scant measure that is abominable?

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Are there yet the treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and the scant measure that is abominable?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Shulde I not be displeased, for the vnrightuous good in the houses of the wicked, and because the measure is minished?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Are yet the treasures of wickednes in the house of the wicked, and the scant measure, that is abominable?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Are not yet the treasures of wickednesse in the house of the wicked, and the scant measure which is abhominable?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Are there yet the treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and the scant measure [that is] abominable?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Are there yet treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, And a short ephah{An ephah is a measure of volume, and a short ephah is made smaller than a full ephah for the purpose of cheating customers.} that is accursed?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Are there yet `in' the house of the wicked Treasures of wickedness, And the abhorred scanty ephah?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Are there yet treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and a scant measure that is abominable?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Are there yet treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and a scant measure that is abominable?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Am I to let the stores of the evil-doer go out of my memory, and the short measure, which is cursed?

• World English Bible (2000)

  Are there yet treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and a short ephah that is accursed?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “I will not overlook, O sinful house, the dishonest gain you have hoarded away, or the smaller-than-standard measure I hate so much.

Referenced Verses

• Amos 3:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Amos.3.10", "source": "וְלֹֽא־יָדְע֥וּ עֲשׂוֹת־נְכֹחָ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה הָאֽוֹצְרִ֛ים חָמָ֥ס וָשֹׁ֖ד בְּאַרְמְנֽוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*Wə-lōʾ*-*yādʿû* *ʿăśôt*-*nəkōḥâ* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*, *hā-ʾôṣərîm* *ḥāmās* *wa-šōd* *bə-ʾarmenôtêhem*", "grammar": { "*Wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yādʿû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they knew", "*ʿăśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*nəkōḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - right/straight", "*nəʾum*": "construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hā-ʾôṣərîm*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine plural - the ones storing up", "*ḥāmās*": "noun, masculine singular - violence", "*wa-šōd*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and destruction", "*bə-ʾarmenôtêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their palaces" }, "variants": { "*yādʿû*": "knew/understood/were able", "*ʿăśôt*": "do/make/perform", "*nəkōḥâ*": "right/straight/upright/just", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/oracle/utterance", "*ʾôṣərîm*": "storing up/hoarding/treasuring", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/cruelty/injustice", "*šōd*": "destruction/violence/devastation/ruin", "*ʾarmenôt*": "palaces/citadels/strongholds" } }
• Amos 8:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Amos.8.5", "source": "לֵאמֹ֗ר מָתַ֞י יַעֲבֹ֤ר הַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ וְנַשְׁבִּ֣ירָה שֶּׁ֔בֶר וְהַשַּׁבָּ֖ת וְנִפְתְּחָה־בָּ֑ר לְהַקְטִ֤ין אֵיפָה֙ וּלְהַגְדִּ֣יל שֶׁ֔קֶל וּלְעַוֵּ֖ת מֹאזְנֵ֥י מִרְמָֽה׃", "text": "*lēʾmōr* when *yaʿăbōr* the *ḥōdeš* and *wənašbîrāh* *šeber* and the *šabbāt* and *wəniptəḥāh* *bār* to *ləhaqṭîn* *ʾêpāh* and to *ûləhagdîl* *šeqel* and to *ûləʿawwēt* *mōʾznê* *mirmâ*", "grammar": { "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*mātay*": "interrogative adverb - when", "*yaʿăbōr*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will pass", "*haḥōdeš*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the new moon/month", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*našbîrāh*": "hiphil cohortative, 1st plural - let us sell", "*šeber*": "noun, masculine singular - grain", "*wəhaššabbāt*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the sabbath", "*wəniptəḥāh*": "conjunction + qal cohortative, 1st plural - let us open", "*bār*": "noun, masculine singular - grain", "*ləhaqṭîn*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to make small", "*ʾêpāh*": "noun, feminine singular - ephah (a dry measure)", "*ûləhagdîl*": "conjunction + preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - and to make great", "*šeqel*": "noun, masculine singular - shekel (unit of weight/currency)", "*ûləʿawwēt*": "conjunction + preposition + piel infinitive construct - and to falsify/pervert", "*mōʾznê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - scales/balances of", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit/fraud" }, "variants": { "*yaʿăbōr*": "will pass/will be over", "*ḥōdeš*": "new moon/month/festival at new moon", "*našbîrāh*": "let us sell grain/let us market", "*šeber*": "grain/corn/food", "*niptəḥāh*": "let us open/let us begin selling", "*bār*": "grain/corn", "*ləhaqṭîn*": "to make small/to diminish", "*ʾêpāh*": "ephah (measurement of volume)", "*ləhagdîl*": "to make great/to increase", "*šeqel*": "shekel (unit of weight/currency)", "*ləʿawwēt*": "to falsify/to pervert/to distort", "*mōʾznê*": "scales/balances", "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/dishonesty" } } 6 { "verseID": "Amos.8.6", "source": "לִקְנ֤וֹת בַּכֶּ֙סֶף֙ דַּלִּ֔ים וְאֶבְי֖וֹן בַּעֲב֣וּר נַעֲלָ֑יִם וּמַפַּ֥ל בַּ֖ר נַשְׁבִּֽיר׃", "text": "To *liqnôt* with the *kesep* *dallîm* and *ʾebyôn* for *baʿăbûr* *naʿălāyim* and *mappal* *bar* *našbîr*", "grammar": { "*liqnôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to buy/acquire", "*bakkesep*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the silver/money", "*dallîm*": "adjective used as noun, masculine plural - poor/weak ones", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾebyôn*": "noun, masculine singular - needy/poor person", "*baʿăbûr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for the sake of/because of", "*naʿălāyim*": "noun, feminine dual - pair of sandals", "*û-*": "conjunction - and", "*mappal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - refuse/fallen part of", "*bar*": "noun, masculine singular - grain", "*našbîr*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st plural - we will sell" }, "variants": { "*liqnôt*": "to buy/to purchase/to acquire", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*dallîm*": "poor/weak/low/needy ones", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute person", "*baʿăbûr*": "for/because of/on account of", "*naʿălāyim*": "pair of sandals/shoes", "*mappal*": "refuse/fallings/chaff/sweepings", "*bar*": "grain/corn", "*našbîr*": "we will sell/we will market" } }
• Jer 5:26-27 : 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.26", "source": "כִּי־נִמְצְא֥וּ בְעַמִּ֖י רְשָׁעִ֑ים יָשׁוּר֙ כְּשַׁ֣ךְ יְקוּשִׁ֔ים הִצִּ֥יבוּ מַשְׁחִ֖ית אֲנָשִׁ֥ים יִלְכֹּֽדוּ׃", "text": "For-*nimṣə'û* in my *'ammî* *rəšā'îm*; they *yāšûr* like stooping of *yəqûšîm*, they *hiṣṣîbû* *mašḥît*, *'ănāšîm* they *yilkōdû*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*nimṣə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they were found", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*'ammî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my people", "*rəšā'îm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked/evil men", "*yāšûr*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he watches/lurks", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*šak*": "infinitive construct - stooping/crouching", "*yəqûšîm*": "participle, masculine plural, qal - fowlers/bird-catchers", "*hiṣṣîbû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, hiphil - they set", "*mašḥît*": "noun, masculine singular - destroyer/trap", "*'ănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*yilkōdû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they catch" }, "variants": { "*nimṣə'û*": "are found/discovered/detected", "*rəšā'îm*": "wicked men/evil ones/criminals", "*yāšûr*": "watches/lurks/lies in wait", "*kəšak yəqûšîm*": "like fowlers crouching/like bird-catchers hiding", "*hiṣṣîbû mašḥît*": "they set traps/establish destructive devices", "*yilkōdû*": "they catch/capture/ensnare" } } 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.27", "source": "כִּכְלוּב֙ מָ֣לֵא ע֔וֹף כֵּ֥ן בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם מְלֵאִ֣ים מִרְמָ֑ה עַל־כֵּ֥ן גָּדְל֖וּ וַֽיַּעֲשִֽׁירוּ׃", "text": "Like *kəlûb* *mālē'* *'ôp*, so their *bāttêhem* *məlē'îm* *mirmâ*; upon-thus they *gādəlû* and they *wayya'ăšîrû*.", "grammar": { "*ki*": "preposition - like/as", "*kəlûb*": "noun, masculine singular - cage", "*mālē'*": "adjective, masculine singular - full", "*'ôp*": "noun, masculine singular - birds/fowl", "*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*bāttêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their houses", "*məlē'îm*": "adjective, masculine plural - full", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit", "*'al*": "preposition - upon/because of", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*gādəlû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they became great", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*ya'ăšîrû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hiphil - they became rich" }, "variants": { "*kəlûb*": "cage/basket", "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/treachery", "*gādəlû*": "became great/grew powerful/increased", "*wayya'ăšîrû*": "became rich/gained wealth" } }
• Ezek 45:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.9", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה רַב־לָכֶם֙ נְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל חָמָ֤ס וָשֹׁד֙ הָסִ֔ירוּ וּמִשְׁפָּ֥ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה עֲשׂ֑וּ הָרִ֤ימוּ גְרֻשֹֽׁתֵיכֶם֙ מֵעַ֣ל עַמִּ֔י נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "Thus *amar* (says) *Adonai* *YHWH*, Enough for you, *nesiey* (princes of) *Yisrael* (Israel)! *Chamas* (violence) and *shod* (destruction) *hasiru* (remove), and *mishpat* (justice) and *tzedaqah* (righteousness) *asu* (do); *harimu* (take away) your *gerushoteikem* (expulsions) from upon my *ami* (people), *neum* (declares) *Adonai* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*amar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'says/said'", "*Adonai*": "divine title - 'Lord'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*nesiey*": "masculine plural construct - 'princes of'", "*Yisrael*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*Chamas*": "masculine singular noun - 'violence'", "*shod*": "masculine singular noun - 'destruction/devastation'", "*hasiru*": "Hiphil imperative masculine plural - 'remove/put away'", "*mishpat*": "masculine singular noun - 'justice/judgment'", "*tzedaqah*": "feminine singular noun - 'righteousness'", "*asu*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - 'do/practice'", "*harimu*": "Hiphil imperative masculine plural - 'take away/lift off'", "*gerushoteikem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your expulsions'", "*ami*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my people'", "*neum*": "construct state - 'declaration of'" }, "variants": { "*Chamas*": "violence/wrong/injustice", "*shod*": "destruction/devastation/robbery", "*hasiru*": "remove/put away/turn aside", "*mishpat*": "justice/judgment/right", "*tzedaqah*": "righteousness/justice", "*gerushoteikem*": "your expulsions/your exactions/your evictions" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.10", "source": "מֹֽאזְנֵי־צֶ֧דֶק וְאֵֽיפַת־צֶ֛דֶק וּבַת־צֶ֖דֶק יְהִ֥י לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*Moznei*-*tzedeq* (just balances) and *eifat*-*tzedeq* (just ephah) and *bat*-*tzedeq* (just bath) *yehi* (shall be) to you.", "grammar": { "*Moznei*": "masculine plural construct - 'balances of'", "*tzedeq*": "masculine singular noun - 'justice/righteousness'", "*eifat*": "feminine singular construct - 'ephah of'", "*bat*": "feminine singular construct - 'bath of'", "*yehi*": "Qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - 'let there be/shall be'" }, "variants": { "*Moznei*": "balances/scales", "*tzedeq*": "righteousness/justice/honest", "*eifat*": "ephah (dry measure unit)", "*bat*": "bath (liquid measure unit)" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.11", "source": "הָאֵיפָ֣ה וְהַבַּ֗ת תֹּ֤כֶן אֶחָד֙ יִֽהְיֶ֔ה לָשֵׂ֕את מַעְשַׂ֥ר הַחֹ֖מֶר הַבָּ֑ת וַעֲשִׂירִ֤ת הַחֹ֙מֶר֙ הָֽאֵיפָ֔ה אֶל־הַחֹ֖מֶר יִהְיֶ֥ה מַתְכֻּנְתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "The *eifah* (ephah) and the *bat* (bath), *token* (measure) *echad* (one) *yihyeh* (shall be), *laset* (to contain) *masar* (tenth) of the *chomer* (homer) the *bat* (bath), and *asirit* (tenth) of the *chomer* (homer) the *eifah* (ephah), to the *chomer* (homer) shall be its *matkunito* (proportion).", "grammar": { "*eifah*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the ephah'", "*bat*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the bath'", "*token*": "masculine singular noun - 'measure/quantity'", "*echad*": "numeral - 'one'", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'shall be'", "*laset*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to contain/to bear'", "*masar*": "masculine singular construct - 'tenth of'", "*chomer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the homer'", "*asirit*": "feminine singular construct - 'tenth of'", "*matkunito*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'its proportion'" }, "variants": { "*eifah*": "ephah (dry measure unit)", "*bat*": "bath (liquid measure unit)", "*token*": "measure/quantity/content", "*laset*": "to contain/to bear/to carry", "*masar*": "tenth part of", "*chomer*": "homer (unit of volume)", "*asirit*": "tenth part of", "*matkunito*": "its proportion/its standard/its measure" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.12", "source": "וְהַשֶּׁ֖קֶל עֶשְׂרִ֣ים גֵּרָ֑ה עֶשְׂרִ֨ים שְׁקָלִ֜ים חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֣ים שְׁקָלִ֗ים עֲשָׂרָ֤ה וַחֲמִשָּׁה֙ שֶׁ֔קֶל הַמָּנֶ֖ה יִֽהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And the *sheqel* (shekel) twenty *gerah* (gerahs); twenty *sheqalim* (shekels), five and twenty *sheqalim* (shekels), ten and five *sheqel* (shekel), the *maneh* (mina) *yihyeh* (shall be) to you.", "grammar": { "*sheqel*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the shekel'", "*gerah*": "feminine singular noun - 'gerah'", "*sheqalim*": "masculine plural noun - 'shekels'", "*maneh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the mina'", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'shall be'" }, "variants": { "*sheqel*": "shekel (unit of weight/currency)", "*gerah*": "gerah (small unit of weight)", "*maneh*": "mina (large unit of weight/currency)" } }
• Hos 12:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Hosea.12.7", "source": "וְאַתָּ֖ה בֵּאלֹהֶ֣יךָ תָשׁ֑וּב חֶ֤סֶד וּמִשְׁפָּט֙ שְׁמֹ֔ר וְקַוֵּ֥ה אֶל־אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ תָּמִֽיד׃", "text": "*wĕ-ʾattâ* by-*ʾĕlōheykā* *tāšûb* *ḥesed* *û-mišpāṭ* *šĕmōr* *wĕ-qawwēh* to-*ʾĕlōheykā* *tāmîd*", "grammar": { "*wĕ-ʾattâ*": "conjunction + pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - and you", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*tāšûb*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will return", "*ḥesed*": "noun, masculine singular - loyalty/kindness/faithfulness", "*û-mišpāṭ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and justice/judgment", "*šĕmōr*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - keep/observe/preserve", "*wĕ-qawwēh*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperative masculine singular - and wait/hope", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/always" }, "variants": { "*tāšûb*": "return/turn back/repent", "*ḥesed*": "loyalty/kindness/faithfulness/covenant-love", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right", "*šĕmōr*": "keep/observe/preserve/guard", "*qawwēh*": "wait for/hope in/expect" } } 8 { "verseID": "Hosea.12.8", "source": "כְּנַ֗עַן בְּיָד֛וֹ מֹאזְנֵ֥י מִרְמָ֖ה לַעֲשֹׁ֥ק אָהֵֽב׃", "text": "*kĕnaʿan* in-hand-his *mōʾznê* *mirmâ* to-*ʿašōq* *ʾāhēb*", "grammar": { "*kĕnaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan/merchant", "*bĕyādô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his hand", "*mōʾznê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - scales of", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit/fraud", "*laʿašōq*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to oppress/defraud", "*ʾāhēb*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he loves" }, "variants": { "*kĕnaʿan*": "Canaan/merchant/trader", "*mōʾznê*": "scales/balances", "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/falsehood", "*ʿašōq*": "oppress/defraud/exploit", "*ʾāhēb*": "loves/delights in" } }
• Hab 2:5-9 : 5 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.5", "source": "וְאַף֙ כִּֽי־הַיַּ֣יִן בּוֹגֵ֔ד גֶּ֥בֶר יָהִ֖יר וְלֹ֣א יִנְוֶ֑ה אֲשֶׁר֩ הִרְחִ֨יב כִּשְׁא֜וֹל נַפְשׁ֗וֹ וְה֤וּא כַמָּ֙וֶת֙ וְלֹ֣א יִשְׂבָּ֔ע וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף אֵלָיו֙ כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וַיִּקְבֹּ֥ץ אֵלָ֖יו כָּל־הָעַמִּֽים׃", "text": "And moreover because *hayyayin bôgēd*, *geber yāhîr* and not *yinweh*, who *hirḥîb* like *šĕʾôl napšô*, and he like *mawet* and not *yiśbāʿ*, and *yeʾĕsōp* unto him all *haggôyim* and *yiqbōṣ* unto him all *hāʿammîm*.", "grammar": { "*hayyayin*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the wine", "*bôgēd*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - betraying/treacherous", "*geber*": "noun, masculine, singular - man/strong man", "*yāhîr*": "adjective, masculine, singular - proud/arrogant", "*yinweh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he dwells/rests/succeeds", "*hirḥîb*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he enlarges/expands", "*šĕʾôl*": "noun, feminine, singular - sheol/grave/underworld", "*napšô*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul/appetite", "*mawet*": "noun, masculine, singular - death", "*yiśbāʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he is satisfied", "*yeʾĕsōp*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he gathers", "*haggôyim*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the nations", "*yiqbōṣ*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he collects", "*hāʿammîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the peoples" }, "variants": { "*bôgēd*": "treacherous/betraying/dealing treacherously", "*yāhîr*": "proud/arrogant/presumptuous", "*yinweh*": "dwells/rests/is satisfied/succeeds", "*šĕʾôl*": "sheol/grave/underworld/place of the dead", "*napšô*": "his appetite/desire/soul" } } 6 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.6", "source": "הֲלוֹא־אֵ֣לֶּה כֻלָּ֗ם עָלָיו֙ מָשָׁ֣ל יִשָּׂ֔אוּ וּמְלִיצָ֖ה חִיד֣וֹת ל֑וֹ וְיֹאמַ֗ר ה֚וֹי הַמַּרְבֶּ֣ה לֹּא־ל֔וֹ עַד־מָתַ֕י וּמַכְבִּ֥יד עָלָ֖יו עַבְטִֽיט׃", "text": "Will not these all of them against him *māšāl yiśśāʾû* and *mĕlîṣâ ḥîdôt* for him? And it will say, '*hôy hammarbe* not to him! Until when? And *makbîd* upon him *ʿabṭîṭ*.'", "grammar": { "*māšāl*": "noun, masculine, singular - proverb/taunt/parable", "*yiśśāʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will lift up/take up", "*mĕlîṣâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - mocking poem/satire", "*ḥîdôt*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - riddles of", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hammarbe*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one increasing", "*makbîd*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - loading/making heavy", "*ʿabṭîṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular - pledge/debt/thick clay" }, "variants": { "*māšāl*": "taunt/proverb/parable/riddle", "*mĕlîṣâ*": "mocking poem/satire/taunting riddle", "*ḥîdôt*": "riddles/enigmas/dark sayings", "*makbîd*": "making heavy/loading/burdening", "*ʿabṭîṭ*": "pledges/thick clay/debt" } } 7 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.7", "source": "הֲל֣וֹא פֶ֗תַע יָק֙וּמוּ֙ נֹשְׁכֶ֔יךָ וְיִקְצ֖וּ מְזַעְזְעֶ֑יךָ וְהָיִ֥יתָ לִמְשִׁסּ֖וֹת לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "Will not *petaʿ yāqûmû nōšĕkeykā* and *yiqṣû mĕzaʿĕzeʿeykā* and you will be *limšissôt* to them?", "grammar": { "*petaʿ*": "adverb - suddenly", "*yāqûmû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will arise", "*nōšĕkeykā*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your biters/creditors", "*yiqṣû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will awake", "*mĕzaʿĕzeʿeykā*": "verb, piel participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your troublers/tormentors", "*limšissôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine, plural - for plunder/booty" }, "variants": { "*nōšĕkeykā*": "your biters/creditors/those exacting interest from you", "*mĕzaʿĕzeʿeykā*": "your troublers/those who shake you/tormentors", "*limšissôt*": "for plunder/booty/spoil" } } 8 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.8", "source": "כִּֽי אַתָּ֤ה שַׁלּ֙וֹתָ֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים יְשָׁלּ֖וּךָ כָּל־יֶ֣תֶר עַמִּ֑ים מִדְּמֵ֤י אָדָם֙ וַחֲמַס־אֶ֔רֶץ קִרְיָ֖ה וְכָל־יֹ֥שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ׃ פ", "text": "Because you *šallôtā gôyim rabbîm*, *yĕšāllûkā* all *yeter ʿammîm* from *dĕmēy ʾādām* and *ḥămas-ʾereṣ qiryâ* and all *yōšĕbēy* in her.", "grammar": { "*šallôtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have plundered", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - many", "*yĕšāllûkā*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - they will plunder you", "*yeter*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - remainder of", "*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - peoples", "*dĕmēy*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - bloods of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular - mankind/humanity", "*ḥămas*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - violence of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land/earth", "*qiryâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - city", "*yōšĕbēy*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of" }, "variants": { "*šallôtā*": "plundered/despoiled/robbed", "*yeter*": "remainder/remnant/rest", "*dĕmēy*": "bloods/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ḥămas*": "violence/wrong/oppression", "*qiryâ*": "city/town" } } 9 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.9", "source": "ה֗וֹי בֹּצֵ֛עַ בֶּ֥צַע רָ֖ע לְבֵית֑וֹ לָשׂ֤וּם בַּמָּרוֹם֙ קִנּ֔וֹ לְהִנָּצֵ֖ל מִכַּף־רָֽע׃", "text": "*Hôy bōṣēaʿ beṣaʿ rāʿ* for his house, to *lāśûm bammārôm qinnô*, to *lĕhinnāṣēl* from *kap-rāʿ*.", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*bōṣēaʿ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - cutting off/gaining", "*beṣaʿ*": "noun, masculine, singular - unjust gain/profit", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - evil/bad", "*lāśûm*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to put/place", "*bammārôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular with definite article - in the height", "*qinnô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his nest", "*lĕhinnāṣēl*": "preposition + verb, niphal infinitive construct - to be delivered", "*kap*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - palm/power", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - evil/calamity" }, "variants": { "*bōṣēaʿ*": "cutting off/gaining/acquiring unjustly", "*beṣaʿ*": "unjust gain/profit/dishonest profit", "*bammārôm*": "in the height/on high/in a lofty place", "*lĕhinnāṣēl*": "to be delivered/rescued/saved", "*kap-rāʿ*": "power of evil/hand of calamity" } } 10 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.10", "source": "יָעַ֥צְתָּ בֹּ֖שֶׁת לְבֵיתֶ֑ךָ קְצוֹת־עַמִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים וְחוֹטֵ֥א נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃", "text": "You *yāʿaṣtā bōšet* for your house, *qĕṣôt-ʿammîm rabbîm*, and *ḥôṭēʾ napšekā*.", "grammar": { "*yāʿaṣtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have devised/planned", "*bōšet*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*qĕṣôt*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - cutting off", "*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - peoples", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - many", "*ḥôṭēʾ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - sinning against", "*napšekā*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your soul" }, "variants": { "*yāʿaṣtā*": "devised/planned/counseled", "*bōšet*": "shame/disgrace/dishonor", "*qĕṣôt*": "cutting off/destroying/ending", "*ḥôṭēʾ napšekā*": "sinning against your soul/forfeiting your life" } } 11 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.11", "source": "כִּי־אֶ֖בֶן מִקִּ֣יר תִּזְעָ֑ק וְכָפִ֖יס מֵעֵ֥ץ יַעֲנֶֽנָּה׃ פ", "text": "For *ʾeben miqqîr tizʿāq*, and *kāpîs mēʿēṣ yaʿănennâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine, singular - stone", "*miqqîr*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - from wall", "*tizʿāq*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will cry out", "*kāpîs*": "noun, masculine, singular - beam/rafter", "*mēʿēṣ*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - from wood", "*yaʿănennâ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - it will answer it" }, "variants": { "*kāpîs*": "beam/rafter/crossbeam/fastener", "*tizʿāq*": "will cry out/will shriek/will call" } }
• Zeph 1:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Zephaniah.1.9", "source": "וּפָקַדְתִּ֗י עַ֧ל כָּל־הַדּוֹלֵ֛ג עַל־הַמִּפְתָּ֖ן בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא הַֽמְמַלְאִ֛ים בֵּ֥ית אֲדֹנֵיהֶ֖ם חָמָ֥ס וּמִרְמָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*ûp̄āqaḏtî* *ʿal* *kol*-*haddôlēḡ* *ʿal*-*hammip̄tān* in-*hayyôm* *hahûʾ*, *haməmaləʾîm* *bêṯ* *ʾăḏōnêhem* *ḥāmās* *ûmirmāh*.", "grammar": { "*ûp̄āqaḏtî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I will punish/visit", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/upon", "*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of", "*haddôlēḡ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one leaping/jumping", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*hammip̄tān*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the threshold", "*hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*haməmaləʾîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones filling", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾăḏōnêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their masters", "*ḥāmās*": "noun, masculine singular - violence", "*ûmirmāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and deceit" }, "variants": { "*haddôlēḡ ʿal-hammip̄tān*": "the one leaping over the threshold (possibly referring to Philistine religious practice or to avoid stepping on threshold associated with Dagon worship)", "*haməmaləʾîm*": "the ones filling/who fill", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/injustice", "*ûmirmāh*": "and deceit/fraud/treachery" } }
• Zech 5:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Zechariah.5.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י זֹ֚את הָֽאָלָ֔ה הַיּוֹצֵ֖את עַל־פְּנֵ֣י כָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּ֣י כָל־הַגֹּנֵ֗ב מִזֶּה֙ כָּמ֣וֹהָ נִקָּ֔ה וְכָל־הַ֨נִּשְׁבָּ֔ע מִזֶּ֖ה כָּמ֥וֹהָ נִקָּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to me, This *zōʾṯ* the *hāʾālāh* the *hayyôṣēʾṯ* over *ʿal*-*pənê* all-the *hāʾāreṣ*; for all-the *haggōnēḇ* from this *mizzeh* according to it *kāmôhā* *niqqāh*, and all-the *hannišbāʿ* from this *mizzeh* according to it *kāmôhā* *niqqāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*hāʾālāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the curse/oath", "*hayyôṣēʾṯ*": "definite article + qal participle, feminine singular - the one going out", "*ʿal-pənê*": "preposition + construct noun, masculine plural - over the face of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*haggōnēḇ*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the one stealing", "*mizzeh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun - from this", "*kāmôhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - like it", "*niqqāh*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is cleansed/acquitted/emptied", "*hannišbāʿ*": "definite article + niphal participle, masculine singular - the one swearing" }, "variants": { "*ʾālāh*": "curse/oath/imprecation", "*yôṣēʾṯ*": "going out/forth/proceeding", "*niqqāh*": "cleansed/acquitted/cut off/emptied", "*gōnēḇ*": "stealing/thief", "*nišbāʿ*": "swearing/taking an oath" } } 4 { "verseID": "Zechariah.5.4", "source": "הוֹצֵאתִ֗יהָ נְאֻם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וּבָ֙אָה֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית הַגַּנָּ֔ב וְאֶל־בֵּ֛ית הַנִּשְׁבָּ֥ע בִּשְׁמִ֖י לַשָּׁ֑קֶר וְלָ֙נֶה֙ בְּת֣וֹךְ בֵּית֔וֹ וְכִלַּ֖תּוּ וְאֶת־עֵצָ֥יו וְאֶת־אֲבָנָֽיו׃", "text": "I have *hôṣēʾṯîhā* *nəʾum* *Yəhwāh* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* and it *ûḇāʾāh* to-*ʾel* house-*bêṯ* the *haggannāḇ* and to-*ʾel* house-*bêṯ* the *hannišbāʿ* in *bišmî* to the *laššāqer* and it *wəlāneh* in *bəṯôḵ* house-*bêṯô* and *wəḵillattû* and *ʾeṯ*-timbers-*ʿēṣāyw* and *ʾeṯ*-stones-*ʾăḇānāyw*", "grammar": { "*hôṣēʾṯîhā*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I brought/caused it to go out", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine singular - declaration of", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - hosts/armies", "*ûḇāʾāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will enter/come", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/into", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*haggannāḇ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the thief", "*hannišbāʿ*": "definite article + niphal participle, masculine singular - the one swearing", "*bišmî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my name", "*laššāqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the falsehood", "*wəlāneh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will lodge/remain", "*bəṯôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*bêṯô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*wəḵillattû*": "conjunction + piel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and it will consume/destroy it", "*ʿēṣāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its timbers", "*ʾăḇānāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its stones" }, "variants": { "*hôṣēʾṯîhā*": "I brought it forth/sent it out/released it", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/oracle/utterance", "*gannāḇ*": "thief/stealer", "*nišbāʿ*": "one who swears/takes an oath", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*lāneh*": "lodge/remain/spend the night", "*killattû*": "consume/destroy/finish it" } }
• Jas 5:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "James.5.1", "source": "¶Ἄγε νῦν, οἱ πλούσιοι, κλαύσατε ὀλολύζοντες ἐπὶ ταῖς ταλαιπωρίαις ὑμῶν ταῖς ἐπερχομέναις.", "text": "*Age nyn*, the *plousioi*, *klausate ololyzontes epi* the *talaipōriais* of you the *eperchomenais*.", "grammar": { "*Age*": "imperative, 2nd singular - come now/go to", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*plousioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - rich (ones)", "*klausate*": "aorist imperative, 2nd plural - weep/mourn", "*ololyzontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - wailing/howling", "*epi*": "preposition + dative - upon/over/because of", "*talaipōriais*": "dative, feminine, plural - miseries/hardships", "*eperchomenais*": "present participle, dative, feminine, plural - coming upon/approaching" }, "variants": { "*Age*": "come/come now/go to (interjection)", "*ololyzontes*": "howling/wailing/lamenting loudly", "*talaipōriais*": "miseries/distresses/hardships/calamities", "*eperchomenais*": "coming upon/approaching/impending" } } 2 { "verseID": "James.5.2", "source": "Ὁ πλοῦτος ὑμῶν σέσηπεν, καὶ τὰ ἱμάτια ὑμῶν σητόβρωτα γέγονεν.", "text": "The *ploutos* of you *sesēpen*, and the *himatia* of you *sētobrōta gegonen*.", "grammar": { "*ploutos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - wealth/riches", "*sesēpen*": "perfect active, 3rd singular - has rotted/decayed", "*himatia*": "nominative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes", "*sētobrōta*": "nominative, neuter, plural - moth-eaten", "*gegonen*": "perfect active, 3rd singular - have become" }, "variants": { "*ploutos*": "wealth/riches/abundance", "*sesēpen*": "has rotted/decayed/putrefied (perfect tense indicating completed action with present results)", "*himatia*": "garments/clothes/robes (often outer garments)", "*sētobrōta*": "moth-eaten/consumed by moths" } } 3 { "verseID": "James.5.3", "source": "Ὁ χρυσὸς ὑμῶν καὶ ὁ ἄργυρος κατίωται· καὶ ὁ ἰὸς αὐτῶν εἰς μαρτύριον ὑμῖν ἔσται, καὶ φάγεται τὰς σάρκας ὑμῶν ὡς πῦρ. Ἐθησαυρίσατε ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις.", "text": "The *chrysos* of you and the *argyros katiōtai*; and the *ios* of them *eis martyrion* to you *estai*, and *phagetai* the *sarkas* of you as *pyr*. *Ethēsaurisate en eschatais hēmerais*.", "grammar": { "*chrysos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - gold", "*argyros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - silver", "*katiōtai*": "perfect passive, 3rd singular - has been corroded/rusted", "*ios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - rust/corrosion/poison", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for/as", "*martyrion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - testimony/witness", "*estai*": "future middle, 3rd singular - will be", "*phagetai*": "future middle, 3rd singular - will eat/consume", "*sarkas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - flesh", "*pyr*": "nominative, neuter, singular - fire", "*Ethēsaurisate*": "aorist active, 2nd plural - you have stored up/treasured", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*eschatais*": "dative, feminine, plural - last", "*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days" }, "variants": { "*katiōtai*": "has been corroded/rusted/tarnished", "*ios*": "rust/corrosion/poison/venom", "*martyrion*": "testimony/witness/evidence", "*phagetai*": "will eat/consume/devour", "*sarkas*": "flesh/bodies", "*Ethēsaurisate*": "you have stored up/treasured/hoarded", "*eschatais hēmerais*": "last days/final days/end times" } } 4 { "verseID": "James.5.4", "source": "Ἰδοὺ, ὁ μισθὸς τῶν ἐργατῶν τῶν ἀμησάντων τὰς χώρας ὑμῶν, ὁ ἀπεστερημένος ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, κράζει: καὶ αἱ βοαὶ τῶν θερισάντων εἰς τὰ ὦτα Κυρίου Σαβαὼθ εἰσεληλύθασιν.", "text": "*Idou*, the *misthos* of the *ergatōn tōn amēsantōn* the *chōras* of you, the *apesterēmenos aph'* you, *krazei*: and the *boai tōn therisantōn eis* the *ōta Kyriou Sabaōth eiselēlythasin*.", "grammar": { "*Idou*": "aorist middle imperative - behold/look", "*misthos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - wages/payment", "*ergatōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - workers/laborers", "*amēsantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having harvested/reaped", "*chōras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - fields/lands", "*apesterēmenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been withheld/defrauded", "*aph'*": "preposition + genitive - from/by", "*krazei*": "present active, 3rd singular - cries out/shouts", "*boai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - cries/shouts", "*therisantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having harvested/reaped", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/to", "*ōta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - ears", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord", "*Sabaōth*": "genitive - of hosts/armies (untranslated Hebrew term)", "*eiselēlythasin*": "perfect active, 3rd plural - have entered/come into" }, "variants": { "*Idou*": "behold/look/see", "*misthos*": "wages/payment/reward", "*ergatōn*": "workers/laborers", "*amēsantōn*": "having harvested/reaped/mowed", "*chōras*": "fields/lands/regions", "*apesterēmenos*": "having been withheld/defrauded/kept back by fraud", "*krazei*": "cries out/shouts/calls loudly", "*boai*": "cries/shouts/outcries", "*therisantōn*": "having harvested/reaped (can refer specifically to grain harvest)", "*Sabaōth*": "of hosts/armies (Hebrew military term)" } }
• Lev 19:35-36 : 35 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.35", "source": "לֹא־תַעֲשׂ֥וּ עָ֖וֶל בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט בַּמִּדָּ֕ה בַּמִּשְׁקָ֖ל וּבַמְּשׂוּרָֽה", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ṯaʿăśû* *ʿāwel* *bammišpāṭ* *bammiddāh* *bammišqāl* *û-ḇamməśûrāh*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do", "*ʿāwel*": "noun, masculine singular - injustice/wrong", "*bammišpāṭ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in judgment", "*bammiddāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in measurement", "*bammišqāl*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in weight", "*û-ḇamməśûrāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and in measure/quantity" }, "variants": { "*ʿāwel*": "injustice/wrong/unrighteousness/dishonesty", "*middāh*": "measurement/dimension/length", "*mišqāl*": "weight/balance", "*məśûrāh*": "measure/quantity/volume" } } 36 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.36", "source": "מֹ֧אזְנֵי צֶ֣דֶק אַבְנֵי־צֶ֗דֶק אֵ֥יפַת צֶ֛דֶק וְהִ֥ין צֶ֖דֶק יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם אֲנִי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־הוֹצֵ֥אתִי אֶתְכֶ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם", "text": "*mōʾznê* *ṣeḏeq* *ʾaḇnê*-*ṣeḏeq* *ʾêp̄aṯ* *ṣeḏeq* *wə-hîn* *ṣeḏeq* *yihyeh* *lāḵem* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* *ʾăšer*-*hôṣēʾṯî* *ʾeṯḵem* *mēʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*mōʾznê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - scales of", "*ṣeḏeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice", "*ʾaḇnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - stones/weights of", "*ṣeḏeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice", "*ʾêp̄aṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - ephah of", "*ṣeḏeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice", "*wə-hîn*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and hin of", "*ṣeḏeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - shall be", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*hôṣēʾṯî*": "Hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I brought out", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from the land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*mōʾznê* *ṣeḏeq*": "just scales/honest balances/accurate scales", "*ʾaḇnê*-*ṣeḏeq*": "just weights/honest stones/accurate weights", "*ʾêp̄aṯ* *ṣeḏeq*": "just ephah/honest dry measure/accurate ephah", "*hîn* *ṣeḏeq*": "just hin/honest liquid measure/accurate hin" } }
• Deut 25:13-16 : 13 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.13", "source": "לֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֛ בְּכִֽיסְךָ֖ אֶ֣בֶן וָאָ֑בֶן גְּדוֹלָ֖ה וּקְטַנָּֽה׃", "text": "Not *yihyeh* to-you in-*kîsəkā* *ʾeben* *wā-ʾāben* *gədôlāh* *û-qəṭannāh*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*ləkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bə-kîsəkā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your bag", "*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular - stone/weight", "*wā-ʾāben*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and stone/weight", "*gədôlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - large", "*û-qəṭannāh*": "conjunction + adjective feminine singular - and small" }, "variants": { "*kîs*": "bag/pouch/purse", "*ʾeben wā-ʾāben*": "stone and stone/different weights/diverse weights" } } 14 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.14", "source": "לֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֛ בְּבֵיתְךָ֖ אֵיפָ֣ה וְאֵיפָ֑ה גְּדוֹלָ֖ה וּקְטַנָּֽה׃", "text": "Not *yihyeh* to-you in-*bêtəkā* *ʾêpāh* *wə-ʾêpāh* *gədôlāh* *û-qəṭannāh*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*ləkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bə-bêtəkā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your house", "*ʾêpāh*": "noun feminine singular - ephah [measure]", "*wə-ʾêpāh*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and ephah", "*gədôlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - large", "*û-qəṭannāh*": "conjunction + adjective feminine singular - and small" }, "variants": { "*ʾêpāh*": "ephah/dry measure (approx. 22 liters)", "*ʾêpāh wə-ʾêpāh*": "ephah and ephah/different measures/diverse measures" } } 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.15", "source": "אֶ֣בֶן שְׁלֵמָ֤ה וָצֶ֙דֶק֙ יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֔ךְ אֵיפָ֧ה שְׁלֵמָ֛ה וָצֶ֖דֶק יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֑ךְ לְמַ֙עַן֙ יַאֲרִ֣יכוּ יָמֶ֔יךָ עַ֚ל הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾeben* *šəlēmāh* *wā-ṣedeq* *yihyeh*-to-you *ʾêpāh* *šəlēmāh* *wā-ṣedeq* *yihyeh*-to-you so-that *yaʾărîkû* *yāmêkā* on the-*ʾădāmāh* that-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *nōtēn* to-you", "grammar": { "*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular - stone/weight", "*šəlēmāh*": "adjective feminine singular - perfect/whole", "*wā-ṣedeq*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and just", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine/feminine singular suffix - to you", "*ʾêpāh*": "noun feminine singular - ephah [measure]", "*šəlēmāh*": "adjective feminine singular - perfect/whole", "*wā-ṣedeq*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and just", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine/feminine singular suffix - to you", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - so that", "*yaʾărîkû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall be long", "*yāmêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your days", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on", "*hā-ʾădāmāh*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the ground/land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*nōtēn*": "qal participle masculine singular - giving", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine/feminine singular suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*šəlēmāh*": "perfect/whole/complete", "*ṣedeq*": "just/righteous/honest", "*yaʾărîkû yāmêkā*": "your days shall be long/you shall live long", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/soil" } } 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.16", "source": "כִּ֧י תוֹעֲבַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ כָּל־עֹ֣שֵׂה אֵ֑לֶּה כֹּ֖ל עֹ֥שֵׂה עָֽוֶל׃", "text": "For *tôʿăbat* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* all-*ʿōśēh* these all *ʿōśēh* *ʿāwel*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*tôʿăbat*": "noun feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - doer of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - doer of", "*ʿāwel*": "noun masculine singular - injustice" }, "variants": { "*tôʿăbat*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*ʿōśēh*": "doer/one who does/practicer", "*ʿāwel*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wrong" } }
• Josh 7:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Joshua.7.1", "source": "וַיִּמְעֲל֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מַ֖עַל בַּחֵ֑רֶם וַיִּקַּ֡ח עָכָ֣ן בֶּן־כַּרְמִי֩ בֶן־זַבְדִּ֨י בֶן־זֶ֜רַח לְמַטֵּ֤ה יְהוּדָה֙ מִן־הַחֵ֔רֶם וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בִּבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wayyim'alu* sons-of-*Yisrael* *ma'al* in-the-*ḥerem*, and *wayyiqqaḥ* *Akhan* son-of-*Karmi* son-of-*Zabdi* son-of-*Zeraḥ* for-tribe-of-*Yehudah* from-the-*ḥerem*, and *wayyiḥar-'ap* *YHWH* against-sons-of-*Yisrael*.", "grammar": { "*wayyim'alu*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person plural - acted unfaithfully/committed trespass", "*ma'al*": "noun, masculine singular - unfaithfulness/trespass", "*ḥerem*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - devoted thing/ban", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - took", "*wayyiḥar-'ap*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular construct - burned-anger", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name" }, "variants": { "*ma'al*": "unfaithfulness/trespass/treachery", "*ḥerem*": "devoted thing/ban/thing dedicated to destruction", "*wayyiḥar-'ap*": "anger burned/became kindled/was inflamed" } }
• 2 Kgs 5:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "2 Kings.5.23", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר נַעֲמָ֔ן הוֹאֵ֖ל קַ֣ח כִּכָּרָ֑יִם וַיִּפְרָץ־בּ֗וֹ וַיָּצַר֩ כִּכְּרַ֨יִם כֶּ֜סֶף בִּשְׁנֵ֣י חֲרִטִ֗ים וּשְׁתֵּי֙ חֲלִפ֣וֹת בְּגָדִ֔ים וַיִּתֵּן֙ אֶל־שְׁנֵ֣י נְעָרָ֔יו וַיִּשְׂא֖וּ לְפָנָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *Naʿămān* *hôʾēl* *qaḥ* *kikkārāyim* *wa-yipräṣ*-*bô* *wa-yāṣar* *kikkərayim* *kesep* *bi-šnê* *ḥăriṭîm* *û-štê* *ḥălîpôt* *bəgādîm* *wa-yittēn* *ʾel*-*šənê* *nəʿārāyw* *wa-yiśʾû* *lə-pānāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Naʿămān*": "proper noun - Naaman", "*hôʾēl*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - be willing/consent", "*qaḥ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - take", "*kikkārāyim*": "noun, feminine dual - two talents", "*wa-yipräṣ*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he urged", "*bô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wa-yāṣar*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he bound", "*kikkərayim*": "noun, feminine dual - two talents", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*bi-šnê*": "preposition with number, masculine dual construct - in two", "*ḥăriṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bags", "*û-štê*": "conjunction with number, feminine dual construct - and two", "*ḥălîpôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - changes of", "*bəgādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - garments", "*wa-yittēn*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*šənê*": "number, masculine dual construct - two of", "*nəʿārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*wa-yiśʾû*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they carried", "*lə-pānāyw*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - before him" }, "variants": { "*hôʾēl*": "be willing/consent/please", "*wa-yipräṣ-bô*": "and he urged him/and he pressed him", "*wa-yāṣar*": "and he bound/and he tied up", "*ḥăriṭîm*": "bags/pouches/sacks" } } 24 { "verseID": "2 Kings.5.24", "source": "וַיָּבֹא֙ אֶל־הָעֹ֔פֶל וַיִּקַּ֥ח מִיָּדָ֖ם וַיִּפְקֹ֣ד בַּבָּ֑יִת וַיְשַׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים וַיֵּלֵֽכוּ׃", "text": "*wa-yāḇōʾ* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿōpel* *wa-yiqqaḥ* *mi-yādām* *wa-yipqōd* *ba-bāyit* *wa-yəšallaḥ* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾănāšîm* *wa-yēlēkû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāḇōʾ*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*hā-ʿōpel*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the hill/citadel", "*wa-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*mi-yādām*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from their hand", "*wa-yipqōd*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he deposited", "*ba-bāyit*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - in the house", "*wa-yəšallaḥ*": "conjunction with piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent away", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾănāšîm*": "definite article with noun, masculine plural - the men", "*wa-yēlēkû*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went" }, "variants": { "*hā-ʿōpel*": "the hill/the citadel/the mound", "*wa-yipqōd*": "and he deposited/and he stored/and he put away" } }
• Prov 10:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Proverbs.10.2", "source": "לֹא־י֭וֹעִילוּ אוֹצְר֣וֹת רֶ֑שַׁע וּ֝צְדָקָ֗ה תַּצִּ֥יל מִמָּֽוֶת׃", "text": "*lōʾ*-*yôʿîlû* *ʾôṣərôt* *rešaʿ* *wə-ṣədāqāh* *taṣṣîl* *mimmāwet*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yôʿîlû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - profit/avail", "*ʾôṣərôt*": "masculine plural construct - treasures of", "*rešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - wickedness", "*wə-ṣədāqāh*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and righteousness", "*taṣṣîl*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - delivers/rescues", "*mimmāwet*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from death" }, "variants": { "*yôʿîlû*": "profit/benefit/avail", "*ʾôṣərôt*": "treasures/storehouses/wealth", "*rešaʿ*": "wickedness/evil/wrong", "*ṣədāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/right conduct", "*taṣṣîl*": "delivers/rescues/saves" } }
• Prov 11:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Proverbs.11.1", "source": "מֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭רְמָה תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וְאֶ֖בֶן שְׁלֵמָ֣ה רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Mōʾznê* *mirmâ* *tôʿăbat* *YHWH* *wəʾeben* *šəlēmâ* *rəṣônô*.", "grammar": { "*Mōʾznê*": "construct plural noun - scales/balances of", "*mirmâ*": "feminine singular noun - deceit/fraud", "*tôʿăbat*": "construct feminine singular noun - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wəʾeben*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and stone/weight", "*šəlēmâ*": "feminine singular adjective - complete/perfect/full", "*rəṣônô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his delight/favor" }, "variants": { "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/falsehood/treachery", "*tôʿăbat*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*šəlēmâ*": "whole/complete/perfect/honest/full", "*rəṣônô*": "his delight/favor/will/acceptance" } }
• Prov 20:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Proverbs.20.10", "source": "אֶ֣בֶן וָ֭אֶבֶן אֵיפָ֣ה וְאֵיפָ֑ה תּוֹעֲבַ֥ת יְ֝הוָ֗ה גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*ʾeben* and-*ʾeben* *ʾêpâ* and-*ʾêpâ* *tôʿabat* *YHWH* also-both-of-them", "grammar": { "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone/weight", "*ʾêpâ*": "noun, feminine singular - ephah/measure", "*tôʿabat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*ʾeben*": "stone/weight/measuring weight", "*ʾêpâ*": "ephah/measure/measuring container", "*tôʿabat*": "abomination of/detestable thing to", "*YHWH*": "the LORD/Yahweh/the Eternal One" } }
• Prov 20:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Proverbs.20.23", "source": "תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה אֶ֣בֶן וָאָ֑בֶן וּמֹאזְנֵ֖י מִרְמָ֣ה לֹא־טֽוֹב׃", "text": "*tôʿabat* *YHWH* *ʾeben* and-*ʾāben* and-*mōʾznê* *mirmâ* not-*ṭôb*", "grammar": { "*tôʿabat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone/weight", "*ʾāben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone/weight", "*mōʾznê*": "noun, masculine dual construct - scales of", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good" }, "variants": { "*tôʿabat*": "abomination of/detestable to", "*YHWH*": "the LORD/Yahweh/the Eternal One", "*ʾeben*": "stone/weight/measuring weight", "*ʾāben*": "stone/weight/measuring weight", "*mōʾznê*": "scales of/balances of", "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/falsehood", "*ṭôb*": "good/proper/right" } }
• Prov 21:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Proverbs.21.6", "source": "פֹּ֣עַל א֭וֹצָרוֹת בִּלְשׁ֣וֹן שָׁ֑קֶר הֶ֥בֶל נִ֝דָּ֗ף מְבַקְשֵׁי־מָֽוֶת", "text": "*pōʿal* *ʾôṣārôt* with-*lĕšôn* *šāqer* *heḇel* *niddāp̄* *mĕḇaqšê*-*māwet*", "grammar": { "*pōʿal*": "construct singular noun - acquisition/making of", "*ʾôṣārôt*": "masculine plural noun - treasures", "*lĕšôn*": "construct singular noun - tongue of", "*šāqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*heḇel*": "masculine singular noun - vapor/vanity", "*niddāp̄*": "niphal participle masculine singular - being driven/blown away", "*mĕḇaqšê*": "piel participle masculine plural construct - seekers of", "*māwet*": "masculine singular noun - death" }, "variants": { "*pōʿal*": "acquisition/work/deed", "*ʾôṣārôt*": "treasures/storehouses/wealth", "*lĕšôn*": "tongue/language/speech", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*heḇel*": "vapor/breath/vanity/emptiness", "*niddāp̄*": "driven away/blown away/dispersed", "*mĕḇaqšê*": "seekers/pursuers/those who seek" } }