Jer 46:3-9 : 3 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.46.3",
"source": "עִרְכ֤וּ מָגֵן֙ וְצִנָּ֔ה וּגְשׁ֖וּ לַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃",
"text": "*ʿirḵû* *māgēn* *wə*-*ṣinnāh* *û*-*gəšû* *la*-*milḥāmāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿirḵû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - prepare/arrange",
"*māgēn*": "noun, masculine singular - shield",
"*wə*-*ṣinnāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and buckler/large shield",
"*û*-*gəšû*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural - and draw near/approach",
"*la*-*milḥāmāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with definite article - for the battle"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿirḵû*": "prepare/arrange/set in order",
"*māgēn*": "shield/defense",
"*ṣinnāh*": "large shield/buckler",
"*gəšû*": "draw near/approach/advance",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.46.4",
"source": "אִסְר֣וּ הַסּוּסִ֗ים וַֽעֲלוּ֙ הַפָּ֣רָשִׁ֔ים וְהִֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ בְּכ֥וֹבָעִ֑ים מִרְקוּ֙ הָֽרְמָחִ֔ים לִבְשׁ֖וּ הַסִּרְיֹנֹֽת׃",
"text": "*ʾisrû* the-*sûsîm* *wa*-*ʿălû* the-*pārāšîm* *wə*-*hityaṣṣəḇû* with-*ḵôḇāʿîm*; *mirqû* the-*rəmāḥîm*, *liḇšû* the-*siryōnōt*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾisrû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - harness/bind",
"*sûsîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the horses",
"*wa*-*ʿălû*": "consecutive conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural - and mount up",
"*pārāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the horsemen/cavalry",
"*wə*-*hityaṣṣəḇû*": "conjunction + hithpael imperative, masculine plural - and take your stand/position yourselves",
"*ḵôḇāʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural with preposition (בְּ) - with helmets",
"*mirqû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - polish/furbish",
"*rəmāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the spears",
"*liḇšû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - put on/wear",
"*siryōnōt*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the coats of mail/armor"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾisrû*": "harness/bind/tie",
"*pārāšîm*": "horsemen/cavalry/mounted soldiers",
"*hityaṣṣəḇû*": "take your stand/station yourselves/stand firm",
"*mirqû*": "polish/furbish/sharpen",
"*rəmāḥîm*": "spears/lances",
"*liḇšû*": "put on/wear/clothe yourselves with",
"*siryōnōt*": "coats of mail/armor/breastplates"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.46.5",
"source": "מַדּ֣וּעַ רָאִ֗יתִי הֵ֣מָּה חַתִּים֮ נְסֹגִ֣ים אָחוֹר֒ וְגִבּוֹרֵיהֶ֣ם יֻכַּ֔תּוּ וּמָנ֥וֹס נָ֖סוּ וְלֹ֣א הִפְנ֑וּ מָג֥וֹר מִסָּבִ֖יב נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*Maddûaʿ* *rāʾîtî* *hēmmāh* *ḥattîm* *nəsōgîm* backward, *wə*-*gibbôrêhem* *yukkattû* *û*-*mānôs* *nāsû* *wə*-*lōʾ* *hipnû*; *māgôr* from-surrounding, *nəʾum*-*YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*Maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why",
"*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have seen",
"*hēmmāh*": "3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - they",
"*ḥattîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - dismayed/terrified",
"*nəsōgîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - retreating/drawing back",
"*wə*-*gibbôrêhem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their mighty men",
"*yukkattû*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - are beaten down/defeated",
"*û*-*mānôs*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and fleeing",
"*nāsû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have fled",
"*wə*-*lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*hipnû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they have turned",
"*māgôr*": "noun, masculine singular - terror",
"*missāḇîḇ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from surrounding/all around",
"*nəʾum*-*YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥattîm*": "dismayed/terrified/broken",
"*nəsōgîm*": "retreating/drawing back/turning away",
"*gibbôrêhem*": "their mighty men/warriors/heroes",
"*yukkattû*": "are beaten down/defeated/crushed",
"*mānôs*": "fleeing/flight/escape",
"*nāsû*": "they have fled/escaped/run away",
"*hipnû*": "they have turned/faced/looked back",
"*māgôr*": "terror/fear/dread"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.46.6",
"source": "אַל־יָנ֣וּס הַקַּ֔ל וְאַל־יִמָּלֵ֖ט הַגִּבּ֑וֹר צָפ֙וֹנָה֙ עַל־יַ֣ד נְהַר־פְּרָ֔ת כָּשְׁל֖וּ וְנָפָֽלוּ׃",
"text": "*ʾal*-*yānûs* the-*qal* *wə*-*ʾal*-*yimmālēṭ* the-*gibbôr*; northward by-*yad* *nəhar*-*Pərāt* *kāšəlû* *wə*-*nāpālû*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾal*-*yānûs*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, jussive - let not flee",
"*qal*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the swift",
"*wə*-*ʾal*-*yimmālēṭ*": "conjunction + negative particle + niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, jussive - and let not escape",
"*gibbôr*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the mighty man",
"*ṣāpônāh*": "noun, feminine singular with directional suffix - northward",
"*yad*": "noun, feminine singular, construct state with preposition (עַל) - by the side of",
"*nəhar*-*Pərāt*": "noun, masculine singular, construct + proper name - river of Euphrates",
"*kāšəlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have stumbled",
"*wə*-*nāpālû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they have fallen"
},
"variants": {
"*yānûs*": "flee/escape/run away",
"*qal*": "swift/light/nimble",
"*yimmālēṭ*": "escape/deliver himself/slip away",
"*gibbôr*": "mighty man/warrior/hero",
"*yad*": "hand/side/bank",
"*kāšəlû*": "stumbled/staggered/failed",
"*nāpālû*": "fallen/collapsed/been defeated"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.46.7",
"source": "מִי־זֶ֖ה כַּיְאֹ֣ר יַֽעֲלֶ֑ה כַּנְּהָר֕וֹת יִֽתְגָּעֲשׁ֖וּ מֵימָֽיו׃",
"text": "Who-*zeh* like-the-*yəʾōr* *yaʿăleh*; like-the-*nəhārôt* *yitgāʿăšû* *mêmāyw*?",
"grammar": {
"*mî*-*zeh*": "interrogative pronoun + demonstrative pronoun - who is this",
"*ka*-*yəʾōr*": "preposition of comparison + noun, masculine singular with definite article - like the Nile",
"*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - rises/comes up",
"*ka*-*nəhārôt*": "preposition of comparison + noun, masculine plural - like the rivers",
"*yitgāʿăšû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - surge/toss about",
"*mêmāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its waters"
},
"variants": {
"*yəʾōr*": "Nile/river/stream (especially referring to the Nile)",
"*yaʿăleh*": "rises/comes up/ascends",
"*nəhārôt*": "rivers/streams",
"*yitgāʿăšû*": "surge/toss about/roar"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.46.8",
"source": "מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ כַּיְאֹ֣ר יַֽעֲלֶ֔ה וְכַנְּהָר֖וֹת יִתְגֹּ֣עֲשׁוּ מָ֑יִם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַֽעֲלֶה֙ אֲכַסֶּה־אֶ֔רֶץ אֹבִ֥ידָה עִ֖יר וְיֹ֥שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ׃",
"text": "*Miṣrayim* like-the-*yəʾōr* *yaʿăleh*, and-like-the-*nəhārôt* *yitgōʿăšû* *māyim*. *Wayyōʾmer*: '*ʾaʿăleh* *ʾăḵasseh*-*ʾereṣ*, *ʾōḇîdāh* *ʿîr* *wə*-*yōšəḇê* in-*bāh*.'",
"grammar": {
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt",
"*ka*-*yəʾōr*": "preposition of comparison + noun, masculine singular with definite article - like the Nile",
"*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - rises/comes up",
"*wə*-*ḵa*-*nəhārôt*": "conjunction + preposition of comparison + noun, masculine plural - and like the rivers",
"*yitgōʿăšû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - surge/toss about",
"*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive waw + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he says",
"*ʾaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular cohortative - I will rise/go up",
"*ʾăḵasseh*": "piel imperfect, 1st singular cohortative - I will cover",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth",
"*ʾōḇîdāh*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular cohortative - I will destroy",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city",
"*wə*-*yōšəḇê*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine plural construct - and inhabitants of",
"*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿăleh*": "rises/comes up/ascends",
"*yitgōʿăšû*": "surge/toss about/roar",
"*ʾaʿăleh*": "I will rise/go up/advance",
"*ʾăḵasseh*": "I will cover/overwhelm/flood",
"*ʾōḇîdāh*": "I will destroy/cause to perish/ruin",
"*yōšəḇê*": "inhabitants/dwellers/residents"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.46.9",
"source": "עֲל֤וּ הַסּוּסִים֙ וְהִתְהֹלְל֣וּ הָרֶ֔כֶב וְיֵצְא֖וּ הַגִּבּוֹרִ֑ים כּ֤וּשׁ וּפוּט֙ תֹּפְשֵׂ֣י מָגֵ֔ן וְלוּדִ֕ים תֹּפְשֵׂ֖י דֹּ֥רְכֵי קָֽשֶׁת׃",
"text": "*ʿălû* the-*sûsîm* *wə*-*hithōləlû* the-*reḵeḇ*, *wə*-*yēṣəʾû* the-*gibbôrîm*: *Kûš* and-*Pûṭ* *tōpəśê* *māgēn*, and-*Lûdîm* *tōpəśê* *dōrəḵê* *qāšet*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿălû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - mount up/go up",
"*sûsîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the horses",
"*wə*-*hithōləlû*": "conjunction + hithpael imperative, masculine plural - and rage/act madly",
"*reḵeḇ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the chariots",
"*wə*-*yēṣəʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural jussive - and let go forth",
"*gibbôrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the mighty men",
"*Kûš*": "proper name - Cush/Ethiopia",
"*Pûṭ*": "proper name - Put/Libya",
"*tōpəśê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - handlers of",
"*māgēn*": "noun, masculine singular - shield",
"*Lûdîm*": "proper name, plural - Lydians",
"*dōrəḵê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - drawers/benders of",
"*qāšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bow"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿălû*": "mount up/go up/charge",
"*hithōləlû*": "rage/act madly/drive furiously",
"*reḵeḇ*": "chariots/chariotry/vehicles",
"*yēṣəʾû*": "go forth/come out/march out",
"*gibbôrîm*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes",
"*tōpəśê*": "handlers/wielders/those who grasp",
"*dōrəḵê*": "drawers/benders/those who bend"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.46.10",
"source": "וְֽהַיּ֨וֹם הַה֜וּא לַאדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת י֤וֹם נְקָמָה֙ לְהִנָּקֵ֣ם מִצָּרָ֔יו וְאָכְלָ֥ה חֶ֙רֶב֙ וְשָׂ֣בְעָ֔ה וְרָוְתָ֖ה מִדָּמָ֑ם כִּ֣י זֶ֠בַח לַאדֹנָ֨י יְהוִ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת בְּאֶ֥רֶץ צָפ֖וֹן אֶל־נְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃",
"text": "*Wə*-the-*yôm* that for-*ʾAdōnāy* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôt*, *yôm* *nəqāmāh* *lə*-*hinnāqēm* from-*ṣārāyw*; *wə*-*ʾāḵəlāh* *ḥereḇ* *wə*-*śāḇəʿāh* *wə*-*rāwətāh* from-*dāmām*. For *zeḇaḥ* for-*ʾAdōnāy* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôt* in-*ʾereṣ* north by-*nəhar*-*Pərāt*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə*-*ha*-*yôm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with definite article - and the day",
"*ha*-*hûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun with definite article - that",
"*la*-*ʾAdōnāy*": "preposition + divine title - for the Lord",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ṣəḇāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day",
"*nəqāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - vengeance",
"*lə*-*hinnāqēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to take vengeance",
"*ṣārāyw*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his adversaries",
"*wə*-*ʾāḵəlāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it will devour",
"*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword",
"*wə*-*śāḇəʿāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and be satiated",
"*wə*-*rāwətāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and be drunk",
"*dāmām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition (מִן) - from their blood",
"*zeḇaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - sacrifice",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular, construct state with preposition (בְּ) - in land of",
"*ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north",
"*nəhar*-*Pərāt*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper name - river Euphrates"
},
"variants": {
"*yôm*": "day/time",
"*nəqāmāh*": "vengeance/revenge",
"*hinnāqēm*": "to take vengeance/to avenge himself",
"*ṣārāyw*": "his adversaries/enemies/foes",
"*ʾāḵəlāh*": "devour/consume/eat",
"*śāḇəʿāh*": "be satiated/satisfied/filled",
"*rāwətāh*": "be drunk/filled/satiated",
"*zeḇaḥ*": "sacrifice/slaughter/offering"
}
}