1{
"verseID": "Psalms.148.1",
"source": "הַ֥לְלוּ יָ֨הּ ׀ הַֽלְל֣וּ אֶת־יְ֭הוָה מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֑יִם הֽ͏ַ֝לְל֗וּהוּ בַּמְּרוֹמִֽים׃",
"text": "*Hallelû* *Yāh* *hallelû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *min*-*haššāmayim* *hallelûhû* *bameromîm*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelû*": "imperative, plural - praise",
"*Yāh*": "proper noun, abbreviated form of YHWH",
"*hallelû*": "imperative, plural - praise",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*haššāmayim*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the heavens",
"*hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*bameromîm*": "preposition + definite noun, masculine plural - in the heights"
},
"variants": {
"*Hallelû*": "praise/celebrate/extol",
"*min*": "from/out of",
"*haššāmayim*": "heavens/sky",
"*meromîm*": "heights/high places/elevated regions"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "Psalms.148.2",
"source": "הֽ͏ַלְל֥וּהוּ כָל־מַלְאָכָ֑יו הַֽ֝לְל֗וּהוּ כָּל־צְבָאָֽיו׃",
"text": "*Hallelûhû* *kol*-*malʾākāyw* *hallelûhû* *kol*-*ṣebāʾāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*malʾākāyw*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his messengers/angels",
"*hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*ṣebāʾāyw*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hosts/armies"
},
"variants": {
"*malʾākāyw*": "his messengers/angels/envoys",
"*ṣebāʾāyw*": "his hosts/armies/multitudes"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Psalms.148.3",
"source": "הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ שֶׁ֣מֶשׁ וְיָרֵ֑חַ הַ֝לְל֗וּהוּ כָּל־כּ֥וֹכְבֵי אֽוֹר׃",
"text": "*Hallelûhû* *šemeš* *weyārēaḥ* *hallelûhû* *kol*-*kôkebê* *ʾôr*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*šemeš*": "noun feminine singular - sun",
"*weyārēaḥ*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and moon",
"*hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*kôkebê*": "noun masculine plural construct - stars of",
"*ʾôr*": "noun masculine singular - light"
},
"variants": {
"*šemeš*": "sun/sunlight",
"*yārēaḥ*": "moon/lunar body",
"*kôkebê*": "stars/heavenly bodies",
"*ʾôr*": "light/brightness/illumination"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Psalms.148.4",
"source": "הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ שְׁמֵ֣י הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְ֝הַמַּ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֤ר ׀ מֵעַ֬ל הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃",
"text": "*Hallelûhû* *šemê* *haššāmayim* *wehammayim* *ʾăšer* *mēʿal* *haššāmāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*Hallelûhû*": "imperative plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - praise him",
"*šemê*": "noun masculine plural construct - heavens of",
"*haššāmayim*": "definite noun masculine plural - the heavens",
"*wehammayim*": "conjunction + definite noun masculine plural - and the waters",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*mēʿal*": "preposition compound - from above/over",
"*haššāmāyim*": "definite noun masculine plural - the heavens"
},
"variants": {
"*šemê*": "heavens of/skies of",
"*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/the sky",
"*hammayim*": "the waters/the liquid substance",
"*mēʿal*": "from above/over/beyond"
}
}