出埃及记 21:29

Chinese Union Version with Strong's Numbers (Traditional)

倘若那牛素來是觸人的，有人報告了牛主，他竟不把牛拴著，以致把男人或是女人觸死，就要用石頭打死那牛，牛主也必治死。

📖 语法分析

原文

וְאִם שׁוֹר נַגָּח הוּא מִתְּמֹל שִׁלְשֹׁם וְהוּעַד בִּבְעָלָיו וְלֹא יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ וְהֵמִית אִישׁ אוֹ אִשָּׁה הַשּׁוֹר יִסָּקֵל וְגַם־בְּעָלָיו יוּמָת

音译

wə-ʾim shôr naggāch hûʾ mittəmōl shilshōm wə-hûʿad bi-bəʿālāyw wə-lōʾ yishmərennû wə-hēmît ʾîsh ʾô ʾishshāh the shôr yissāqēl wə-gam-bəʿālāyw yûmāt

语法细节

• *wə-ʾim*: conjunction + conjunction - but if
• *shôr*: masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox
• *naggāch*: piel participle, masculine singular - prone to goring
• *hûʾ*: 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - it
• *mittəmōl*: preposition *min* + masculine singular noun - from yesterday
• *shilshōm*: masculine singular noun - day before yesterday
• *wə-hûʿad*: conjunction *wə* + hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was testified
• *bi-bəʿālāyw*: preposition *bə* + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to its owner
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction *wə* + negative particle - and not
• *yishmərennû*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he keeps it in
• *wə-hēmît*: conjunction *wə* + hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it kills
• *ʾîsh*: masculine singular noun - a man
• *ʾô*: conjunction - or
• *ʾishshāh*: feminine singular noun - a woman
• *yissāqēl*: niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall be stoned
• *wə-gam*: conjunction *wə* + adverb - and also
• *bəʿālāyw*: masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its owner
• *yûmāt*: hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall be put to death

词义

• *naggāch*: prone to goring/habitually gores
• *mittəmōl shilshōm*: from yesterday and the day before/previously/for some time
• *hûʿad*: it was testified/its owner was warned
• *yishmərennû*: keeps it in/restrains it/guards it
• *hēmît*: kills/causes to die
• *yûmāt*: shall be put to death/shall be executed

引用经文

• 申 21:1-9 : 1 在耶和華─你　神所賜你為業的地上，若遇見被殺的人倒在田野，不知道是誰殺的， 2 長老和審判官就要出去，從被殺的人那裡量起，直量到四圍的城邑， 3 看哪城離被殺的人最近，那城的長老就要從牛群中取一隻未曾耕地、未曾負軛的母牛犢， 4 把母牛犢牽到流水、未曾耕種的山谷去，在谷中打折母牛犢的頸項。 5 祭司利未的子孫要近前來；因為耶和華─你的　神揀選了他們事奉他，奉耶和華的名祝福，所有爭訟毆打的事都要憑他們判斷。 6 那城的眾長老，就是離被殺的人最近的，要在那山谷中，在所打折頸項的母牛犢以上洗手， 7 禱告（原文作回答）說：我們的手未曾流這人的血；我們的眼也未曾看見這事。 8 耶和華阿，求你赦免你所救贖的以色列民，不要使流無辜血的罪歸在你的百姓以色列中間。這樣，流血的罪必得赦免。 9 你行耶和華眼中看為正的事，就可以從你們中間除掉流無辜血的罪。