Verse 1

{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.1", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֧ח יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־נָתָ֖ן אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד וַיָּבֹ֣א אֵלָ֗יו וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ שְׁנֵ֣י אֲנָשִׁ֗ים הָיוּ֙ בְּעִ֣יר אֶחָ֔ת אֶחָ֥ד עָשִׁ֖יר וְאֶחָ֥ד רָֽאשׁ", "text": "*wə-yišlaḥ YHWH* *ʾet-nātān* *ʾel-dāwid* *wə-yābōʾ* to-him *wə-yōʾmer* to-him, *šənê ʾănāšîm hāyû* in-*ʿîr* one, one *ʿāšîr* *wə-ʾeḥād rāʾš*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišlaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh, the LORD", "*ʾet-nātān*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Nathan (literally: 'the one who gives')", "*ʾel-dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*wə-yābōʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šənê*": "cardinal number, construct state - two of", "*ʾănāšîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - men", "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they were", "*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city", "*ʿāšîr*": "adjective, masculine singular - rich", "*wə-ʾeḥād*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and one", "*rāʾš*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor" }, "variants": { "*ʾet-nātān*": "Nathan (lit: 'gift', 'the one who gives')", "*rāʾš*": "poor/impoverished/destitute" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Da han kom til David, sa han: 'Det var to menn i en by, en rik mann og en fattig mann.'

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Og Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa til ham: "Det var to menn i en by, den ene rik og den andre fattig."

• Norsk King James

  Og Herren sendte Natan til David. Og han kom til ham og sa til ham: Det var to menn i én by; den ene var rik, og den andre var fattig.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Herren sendte da Natan til David. Når han kom til ham, sa han: Det var to menn i en by, en rik og en fattig.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: 'To menn bodde i en by, den ene var rik og den andre fattig.'

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: Det var to menn i en by; en var rik og den andre var fattig.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Herren sendte Nathan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: «Det var to menn i en by; den ene var rik, den andre fattig.»

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: Det var to menn i en by; en var rik og den andre var fattig.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: «To menn bodde i en by. Den ene var rik, og den andre var fattig.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The Lord sent Nathan to David. When Nathan arrived, he said to him, "There were two men in a city. One was rich, and the other was poor."

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Da han kom til David, sa han til ham: 'To menn bodde i en by. Den ene var rik, og den andre var fattig.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og Herren sendte Nathan til David, og der han kom ind til ham, da sagde han til ham: Der vare to Mænd i en Stad, en rig og en fattig.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the LORD sent Nathan unto David. And he came unto him, and said unto him, There were two men in one city; the one rich, and the other poor.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Og Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: Det var to menn i en by; den ene var rik, og den andre fattig.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And the LORD sent Nathan to David. He came to him and said, There were two men in one city; one was rich, and the other poor.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the LORD sent Nathan unto David. And he came unto him, and said unto him, There were two men in one city; the one rich, and the other poor.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: «Det var to menn i en by, den ene rik og den andre fattig.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: «To menn bodde i samme by; den ene var rik og den andre fattig.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Og Herren sendte Natan til David. Han kom til ham og sa: Det var to menn i én by, den ene rik og den andre fattig.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Herren sendte Natan til David. Natan kom til ham og sa: Det var to menn i samme by, den ene var rik og den andre fattig.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And the LORDE sent Nathan vnto Dauid. Whan he came to him, he tolde him: There were two men in one cite, the one riche, the other poore.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then the Lorde sent Nathan vnto Dauid, who came to him, and sayd vnto him, There were two men in one citie, the one riche, and the other poore.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the Lord sent Nathan vnto Dauid, and he came vnto him, and tolde him: There were two men in one citie, the one rich, & the other poore.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And the LORD sent Nathan unto David. And he came unto him, and said unto him, There were two men in one city; the one rich, and the other poor.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Yahweh sent Nathan to David. He came to him, and said to him, "There were two men in one city; the one rich, and the other poor.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Jehovah sendeth Nathan unto David, and he cometh unto him, and saith to him: `Two men have been in one city; One rich and one poor;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jehovah sent Nathan unto David. And he came unto him, and said unto him, There were two men in one city; the one rich, and the other poor.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the Lord sent Nathan to David. And Nathan came to him and said, There were two men in the same town: one a man of great wealth, and the other a poor man.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Yahweh sent Nathan to David. He came to him, and said to him, "There were two men in one city; the one rich, and the other poor.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Nathan the Prophet Confronts David So the LORD sent Nathan to David. When he came to David, Nathan said,“There were two men in a certain city, one rich and the other poor.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 20:35-41 : 35 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.35", "source": "‫וְאִ֨ישׁ אֶחָ֜ד מִבְּנֵ֣י הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים אָמַ֧ר אֶל־רֵעֵ֛הוּ בִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה הַכֵּ֣ינִי נָ֑א וַיְמָאֵ֥ן הָאִ֖ישׁ לְהַכֹּתֽוֹ׃‬", "text": "And-*ʾîš ʾeḥāḏ* from-*bənê ha-nəḇîʾîm ʾāmar* to-*rēʿēhû* in-*ḏəḇar yəhwâ hakkênî nāʾ* and-*waymāʾēn ha-ʾîš* to-*hakkōṯô*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš ʾeḥāḏ*": "masculine singular noun + cardinal number - one man", "*bənê ha-nəḇîʾîm*": "construct state - sons of the prophets", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his companion", "*ḏəḇar yəhwâ*": "construct state - word of YHWH", "*hakkênî*": "imperative, 2nd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - strike me", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*waymāʾēn*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he refused", "*ha-ʾîš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man", "*hakkōṯô*": "infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to strike him" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš ʾeḥāḏ*": "one man, a certain man", "*bənê ha-nəḇîʾîm*": "sons of the prophets, prophetic guild/company", "*rēʿēhû*": "his companion, his friend, his neighbor", "*ḏəḇar yəhwâ*": "word of YHWH, command of YHWH", "*hakkênî*": "strike me, hit me, wound me", "*waymāʾēn*": "he refused, he was unwilling", "*hakkōṯô*": "to strike him, to hit him" } } 36 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.36", "source": "‫וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ יַ֚עַן אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֙עְתָּ֙ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֔ה הִנְּךָ֤ הוֹלֵךְ֙ מֵֽאִתִּ֔י וְהִכְּךָ֖ הָאַרְיֵ֑ה וַיֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֵֽאֶצְל֔וֹ וַיִּמְצָאֵ֥הוּ הָאַרְיֵ֖ה וַיַּכֵּֽהוּ׃‬", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* to-him *yaʿan ʾăšer lōʾ-šāmaʿtā* in-*qôl yəhwâ hinnəḵā hôlēḵ* from-me and-*hikkəḵā ha-ʾaryê* and-*wayyēleḵ* from-*ʾeṣlô* and-*wayyimṣāʾēhû ha-ʾaryê* and-*wayyakkēhû*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*yaʿan ʾăšer*": "conjunction - because that", "*lōʾ-šāmaʿtā*": "negative particle + perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have not obeyed", "*qôl yəhwâ*": "construct state - voice of YHWH", "*hinnəḵā*": "particle of attention with 2nd masculine singular suffix - behold you", "*hôlēḵ*": "participle, masculine singular - going", "*hikkəḵā*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - he will strike you", "*ha-ʾaryê*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the lion", "*wayyēleḵ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*ʾeṣlô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from beside him", "*wayyimṣāʾēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and found him", "*wayyakkēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and struck him" }, "variants": { "*yaʿan ʾăšer*": "because, since", "*šāmaʿtā*": "you obeyed, you listened to", "*qôl yəhwâ*": "voice of YHWH, command of YHWH", "*hôlēḵ*": "going, departing", "*hikkəḵā*": "will strike you, will attack you", "*ha-ʾaryê*": "the lion", "*wayyēleḵ*": "he went, he departed", "*wayyimṣāʾēhû*": "found him, encountered him", "*wayyakkēhû*": "struck him, attacked him, killed him" } } 37 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.37", "source": "‫וַיִּמְצָא֙ אִ֣ישׁ אַחֵ֔ר וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הַכֵּ֣ינִי נָ֑א וַיַּכֵּ֥הוּ הָאִ֖ישׁ הַכֵּ֥ה וּפָצֹֽעַ׃‬", "text": "And-*wayyimṣāʾ ʾîš ʾaḥēr* and-*wayyōʾmer hakkênî nāʾ* and-*wayyakkēhû ha-ʾîš hakkê* and-*p̄āṣōaʿ*", "grammar": { "*wayyimṣāʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he found", "*ʾîš ʾaḥēr*": "masculine singular noun + adjective - another man", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*hakkênî*": "imperative, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - strike me", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*wayyakkēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he struck him", "*ha-ʾîš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man", "*hakkê*": "infinitive absolute - striking", "*p̄āṣōaʿ*": "infinitive absolute - wounding" }, "variants": { "*wayyimṣāʾ*": "he found, he met", "*ʾîš ʾaḥēr*": "another man, different man", "*hakkênî*": "strike me, hit me, wound me", "*wayyakkēhû*": "he struck him, he hit him", "*hakkê*": "striking, hitting", "*p̄āṣōaʿ*": "wounding, injuring" } } 38 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.38", "source": "‫וַיֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ הַנָּבִ֔יא וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ עַל־הַדָּ֑רֶךְ וַיִּתְחַפֵּ֥שׂ בָּאֲפֵ֖ר עַל־עֵינָֽיו׃‬", "text": "And-*wayyēleḵ ha-nāḇîʾ* and-*wayyaʿămōḏ* to-the-*meleḵ* on-the-*dāreḵ* and-*wayyiṯḥappēś* in-the-*ʾăp̄ēr* on-*ʿênāyw*", "grammar": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*ha-nāḇîʾ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the prophet", "*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stood", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun - king", "*dāreḵ*": "feminine singular noun - way/road", "*wayyiṯḥappēś*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hithpael - and he disguised himself", "*ʾăp̄ēr*": "masculine singular noun - ashes/bandage", "*ʿênāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes" }, "variants": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "he went, he departed", "*ha-nāḇîʾ*": "the prophet", "*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "he stood, he positioned himself, he waited", "*dāreḵ*": "way, road, path", "*wayyiṯḥappēś*": "he disguised himself, he covered himself", "*ʾăp̄ēr*": "ashes, dust, bandage", "*ʿênāyw*": "his eyes" } } 39 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.39", "source": "‫וַיְהִ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ עֹבֵ֔ר וְה֖וּא צָעַ֣ק אֶל־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּ֜אמֶר עַבְדְּךָ֣ ׀ יָצָ֣א בְקֶֽרֶב־הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה וְהִנֵּֽה־אִ֨ישׁ סָ֜ר וַיָּבֵ֧א אֵלַ֣י אִ֗ישׁ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ שְׁמֹר֙ אֶת־הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֔ה אִם־הִפָּקֵד֙ יִפָּקֵ֔ד וְהָיְתָ֤ה נַפְשְׁךָ֙ תַּ֣חַת נַפְשׁ֔וֹ א֥וֹ כִכַּר־כֶּ֖סֶף תִּשְׁקֽוֹל׃‬", "text": "And-*wayəhî* the-*meleḵ ʿōḇēr* and-he *ṣāʿaq* to-the-*meleḵ* and-*wayyōʾmer ʿaḇdəḵā yāṣāʾ* in-*qereḇ-ha-milḥāmâ* and-*hinnê-ʾîš sār* and-*wayyāḇēʾ* to-me *ʾîš* and-*wayyōʾmer šəmōr ʾeṯ-ha-ʾîš hazze* if-*hippāqēḏ yippāqēḏ* and-*hāyəṯâ nap̄šəḵā taḥaṯ nap̄šô ʾô kikkar-kesep̄ tišqôl*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *hāyâ* - and it happened", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun - king", "*ʿōḇēr*": "participle, masculine singular - passing by", "*ṣāʿaq*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he cried out", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿaḇdəḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*yāṣāʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went out", "*qereḇ-ha-milḥāmâ*": "construct + definite article + feminine singular noun - midst of the battle", "*hinnê-ʾîš*": "particle + masculine singular noun - behold, a man", "*sār*": "participle, masculine singular - turning aside", "*wayyāḇēʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he brought", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šəmōr*": "imperative, masculine singular - guard", "*ha-ʾîš hazze*": "definite article + masculine singular noun + demonstrative - this man", "*hippāqēḏ yippāqēḏ*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Niphal - missing he shall be missed", "*hāyəṯâ*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - shall be", "*nap̄šəḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your life", "*taḥaṯ*": "preposition - instead of", "*nap̄šô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his life", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*kikkar-kesep̄*": "construct state - talent of silver", "*tišqôl*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall weigh/pay" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "it happened, it came to pass", "*ʿōḇēr*": "passing by, crossing over", "*ṣāʿaq*": "cried out, called, shouted", "*yāṣāʾ*": "went out, came out", "*qereḇ-ha-milḥāmâ*": "midst of battle, middle of fighting", "*sār*": "turning aside, deserting, departing", "*šəmōr*": "guard, watch, keep", "*hippāqēḏ yippāqēḏ*": "if he is missing, if he escapes", "*nap̄šəḵā*": "your life, your soul", "*taḥaṯ*": "instead of, in place of", "*kikkar-kesep̄*": "talent of silver (weight/money unit)", "*tišqôl*": "you shall pay, you shall weigh out" } } 40 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.40", "source": "‫וַיְהִ֣י עַבְדְּךָ֗ עֹשֵׂ֥ה הֵ֛נָּה וָהֵ֖נָּה וְה֣וּא אֵינֶ֑נּוּ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֧יו מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל כֵּ֥ן מִשְׁפָּטֶ֖ךָ אַתָּ֥ה חָרָֽצְתָּ׃‬", "text": "And-*wayəhî ʿaḇdəḵā ʿōśê hēnnâ wā-hēnnâ* and-he *ʾênennû* and-*wayyōʾmer* to-him *meleḵ-yiśrāʾēl kēn mišpāṭeḵā ʾattâ ḥārāṣtā*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *hāyâ* - and it happened", "*ʿaḇdəḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*ʿōśê*": "participle, masculine singular - doing/busy", "*hēnnâ wā-hēnnâ*": "adverb + conjunction + adverb - here and there", "*ʾênennû*": "negative particle with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he was not", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*meleḵ-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state - king of Israel", "*kēn*": "adverb - so", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your judgment", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ḥārāṣtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have decided" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "it happened, it came to pass", "*ʿōśê*": "doing, working, busy", "*hēnnâ wā-hēnnâ*": "here and there, this way and that", "*ʾênennû*": "he was not, he was gone", "*kēn*": "so, thus, this", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "your judgment, your verdict, your sentence", "*ḥārāṣtā*": "you have decided, you have determined, you have decreed" } } 41 { "verseID": "1 Kings.20.41", "source": "וַיְמַהֵ֕ר וַיָּ֙סַר֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֲפֵ֔ר מֵעֲלֵ֖י עֵינָ֑יו וַיַּכֵּ֤ר אֹתוֹ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֥י מֵֽהַנְּבִאִ֖ים הֽוּא׃", "text": "And *maher* he and *sar* *ʾet*-the *ʾefer* from-upon his *ʿeynayw*; and *nakar* him *melek* *Yisraʾel* that from-the *neviʾim* he.", "grammar": { "*maher*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - hastened", "*sar*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - removed/took away", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾefer*": "common masculine singular construct - bandage/covering", "*ʿeynayw*": "common feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*nakar*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - recognized", "*melek*": "common masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yisraʾel*": "proper noun - Israel", "*neviʾim*": "common masculine plural - prophets" }, "variants": { "*maher*": "to hasten/hurry/be quick", "*sar*": "to remove/take away/turn aside", "*ʾefer*": "bandage/covering/disguise/headband", "*nakar*": "to recognize/acknowledge/identify", "*neviʾim*": "prophets/those who speak for God" } }
• 2 Kgs 1:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Kings.1.3", "source": "וּמַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֗ה דִּבֶּר֙ אֶל־אֵלִיָּ֣ה הַתִּשְׁבִּ֔י ק֣וּם עֲלֵ֔ה לִקְרַ֖את מַלְאֲכֵ֣י מֶֽלֶךְ־שֹׁמְר֑וֹן וְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם הַֽמִבְּלִ֤י אֵין־אֱלֹהִים֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתֶּם֙ הֹֽלְכִ֔ים לִדְרֹ֕שׁ בְּבַ֥עַל זְב֖וּב אֱלֹהֵ֥י עֶקְרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*û-malʾak* *YHWH* *dibber* *ʾel-ʾĒliyyāh* *ha-Tishbî* *qûm* *ʿălêh* *liqraʾt* *malʾăkê* *melek-Shōmərôn* *wə-dabbēr* *ʾălêhem* *hă-mib-bəlî* *ʾên-ʾĕlōhîm* *bə-Yisrāʾēl* *ʾattem* *hōləkîm* *li-drōsh* *bə-Baʿal zəbûb* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʿEqrôn*", "grammar": { "*û-malʾak*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*dibber*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke", "*ʾel-ʾĒliyyāh*": "preposition + proper noun - to Elijah", "*ha-Tishbî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Tishbite", "*qûm*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - arise", "*ʿălêh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - go up", "*liqraʾt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to meet", "*malʾăkê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - messengers of", "*melek-Shōmərôn*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Samaria", "*wə-dabbēr*": "conjunction + piel imperative, masculine singular - and speak", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*hă-mib-bəlî*": "interrogative + preposition + negative particle - is it because there is no", "*ʾên-ʾĕlōhîm*": "negative particle + noun, masculine plural - no God", "*bə-Yisrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Israel", "*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural independent pronoun - you", "*hōləkîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - going", "*li-drōsh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to inquire", "*bə-Baʿal zəbûb*": "preposition + proper noun compound - of Baal-zebub", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - god of", "*ʿEqrôn*": "proper noun - Ekron" }, "variants": { "*malʾak*": "messenger/angel/envoy", "*qûm*": "arise/stand up/prepare", "*liqraʾt*": "to meet/to encounter/to confront", "*mib-bəlî*": "because there is no/from lack of/without" } }
• Ps 51:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.1", "source": "לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃", "text": "To-the-*mənaṣṣēaḥ* *mizmôr* to-*Dāwid*", "grammar": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "noun with prefixed preposition lamed (to/for) - director/chief musician", "*mizmôr*": "masculine singular noun - psalm/song", "*Dāwid*": "proper name with prefixed preposition lamed (to/for/by) - David" }, "variants": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "director/chief musician/choir director", "*mizmôr*": "psalm/melody/song with instrumental accompaniment" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.2", "source": "בְּֽבוֹא־אֵ֭לָיו נָתָ֣ן הַנָּבִ֑יא כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־בָּ֝֗א אֶל־בַּת־שָֽׁבַע׃", "text": "When-*bôʾ*-to-him *Nātān* the-*nābîʾ* *kaʾăšer*-*bāʾ* to-*bat*-*šābaʿ*", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "infinitive construct with prefixed beth (in/when) - coming/entering", "*Nātān*": "proper name - Nathan", "*nābîʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - prophet", "*kaʾăšer*": "compound preposition - according to/when", "*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he came/went", "*bat*-*šābaʿ*": "construct form - daughter of Sheba/Bathsheba" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "coming/entering/approaching", "*nābîʾ*": "prophet/spokesman" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.3", "source": "חָנֵּ֣נִי אֱלֹהִ֣ים כְּחַסְדֶּ֑ךָ כְּרֹ֥ב רַ֝חֲמֶ֗יךָ מְחֵ֣ה פְשָׁעָֽי׃", "text": "*ḥānnēnî* *ʾĕlōhîm* according-to-*ḥasdəkā* according-to-abundance-of *raḥămêkā* *məḥēh* *pəšāʿāy*", "grammar": { "*ḥānnēnî*": "Qal imperative with 1st person singular suffix - be gracious to me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ḥasdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your lovingkindness", "*raḥămêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your compassions", "*məḥēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - blot out/wipe away", "*pəšāʿāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions" }, "variants": { "*ḥānnēnî*": "be gracious to me/have mercy on me/favor me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular deity)", "*ḥasdəkā*": "your lovingkindness/steadfast love/covenant faithfulness", "*raḥămêkā*": "your compassions/mercies/tender feelings", "*məḥēh*": "blot out/wipe away/erase", "*pəšāʿāy*": "my transgressions/rebellions/crimes" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.4", "source": "*הרבה **הֶ֭רֶב כַּבְּסֵ֣נִי מֵעֲוֺנִ֑י וּֽמֵחַטָּאתִ֥י טַהֲרֵֽנִי׃", "text": "*hereb* *kabbəsēnî* from-*ʿăwōnî* and-from-*ḥaṭṭāʾtî* *ṭahărēnî*", "grammar": { "*hereb*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - multiply/increase/do abundantly", "*kabbəsēnî*": "Piel imperative with 1st person singular suffix - wash me thoroughly", "*ʿăwōnî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed min (from) - my iniquity", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed min (from) - my sin", "*ṭahărēnî*": "Piel imperative with 1st person singular suffix - cleanse me" }, "variants": { "*hereb*": "multiply/increase/do abundantly/thoroughly", "*kabbəsēnî*": "wash me thoroughly/cleanse me completely", "*ʿăwōnî*": "my iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "my sin/offense/failure", "*ṭahărēnî*": "cleanse me/purify me/make me clean" } } 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.5", "source": "כִּֽי־פְ֭שָׁעַי אֲנִ֣י אֵדָ֑ע וְחַטָּאתִ֖י נֶגְדִּ֣י תָמִֽיד׃", "text": "For-*pəšāʿay* *ʾănî* *ʾēdāʿ* and-*ḥaṭṭāʾtî* *negdî* *tāmîd*", "grammar": { "*pəšāʿay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular personal pronoun - I", "*ʾēdāʿ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I know", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my sin", "*negdî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - before me/opposite me", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/always" }, "variants": { "*pəšāʿay*": "my transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*ʾēdāʿ*": "I know/recognize/acknowledge", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "my sin/offense/failure", "*negdî*": "before me/opposite me/in front of me", "*tāmîd*": "continually/always/constantly" } } 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.6", "source": "לְךָ֤ לְבַדְּךָ֨ ׀ חָטָאתִי֮ וְהָרַ֥ע בְּעֵינֶ֗יךָ עָ֫שִׂ֥יתִי לְ֭מַעַן תִּצְדַּ֥ק בְּדָבְרֶ֗ךָ תִּזְכֶּ֥ה בְשָׁפְטֶֽךָ׃", "text": "To-you to-*baddəkā* *ḥāṭāʾtî* and-the-*rāʿ* in-*ʿênêkā* *ʿāśîtî* so-that *tiṣdaq* in-*dābrəkā* *tizkeh* in-*šāpṭekā*", "grammar": { "*baddəkā*": "noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your separation/aloneness", "*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I sinned", "*rāʿ*": "adjective with definite article - the evil", "*ʿênêkā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʿāśîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I did/made", "*tiṣdaq*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will be righteous", "*dābrəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your word", "*tizkeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will be pure/clear", "*šāpṭekā*": "Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your judging" }, "variants": { "*baddəkā*": "your aloneness/separation/isolation/only you", "*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "I sinned/offended/missed the mark", "*rāʿ*": "evil/bad/harmful/wrong", "*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes/sight/presence", "*ʿāśîtî*": "I did/made/performed/accomplished", "*tiṣdaq*": "you will be righteous/justified/vindicated", "*dābrəkā*": "your word/speech/utterance", "*tizkeh*": "you will be pure/clear/justified/innocent", "*šāpṭekā*": "your judging/when you judge" } } 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.7", "source": "הֵן־בְּעָו֥וֹן חוֹלָ֑לְתִּי וּ֝בְחֵ֗טְא יֶֽחֱמַ֥תְנִי אִמִּֽי׃", "text": "Behold-in-*ʿāwôn* *ḥôlāltî* and-in-*ḥēṭ* *yeḥĕmatnî* *ʾimmî*", "grammar": { "*ʿāwôn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity", "*ḥôlāltî*": "Polal perfect 1st person singular - I was brought forth/born", "*ḥēṭ*": "masculine singular noun - sin", "*yeḥĕmatnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - she conceived me", "*ʾimmî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my mother" }, "variants": { "*ʿāwôn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ḥôlāltî*": "I was brought forth/born/formed", "*ḥēṭ*": "sin/offense/fault", "*yeḥĕmatnî*": "she conceived me/was warm with me/became pregnant with me", "*ʾimmî*": "my mother" } } 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.8", "source": "הֵן־אֱ֭מֶת חָפַ֣צְתָּ בַטֻּח֑וֹת וּ֝בְסָתֻ֗ם חָכְמָ֥ה תוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃", "text": "Behold-*ʾĕmet* *ḥāpaṣtā* in-the-*ṭuḥôt* and-in-*sātum* *ḥokmâ* *tôdîʿēnî*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth", "*ḥāpaṣtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you desired", "*ṭuḥôt*": "feminine plural noun - inward parts", "*sātum*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - hidden/covered thing", "*ḥokmâ*": "feminine singular noun - wisdom", "*tôdîʿēnî*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will make me know" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/firmness", "*ḥāpaṣtā*": "you desired/delighted in/pleased with", "*ṭuḥôt*": "inward parts/covered parts/kidneys/inner being", "*sātum*": "hidden/concealed/covered thing", "*ḥokmâ*": "wisdom/skill/experience", "*tôdîʿēnî*": "you will make me know/teach me/inform me" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.9", "source": "תְּחַטְּאֵ֣נִי בְאֵז֣וֹב וְאֶטְהָ֑ר תְּ֝כַבְּסֵ֗נִי וּמִשֶּׁ֥לֶג אַלְבִּֽין׃", "text": "*təḥaṭṭəʾēnî* with-*ʾēzôb* and-*ʾeṭhār* *təkabbəsēnî* and-than-*šeleg* *ʾalbîn*", "grammar": { "*təḥaṭṭəʾēnî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will purge me", "*ʾēzôb*": "masculine singular noun - hyssop", "*ʾeṭhār*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will be clean", "*təkabbəsēnî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will wash me", "*šeleg*": "masculine singular noun - snow", "*ʾalbîn*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will be white" }, "variants": { "*təḥaṭṭəʾēnî*": "you will purge me/cleanse me from sin/decontaminate me", "*ʾēzôb*": "hyssop (plant used in purification rituals)", "*ʾeṭhār*": "I will be clean/pure/uncontaminated", "*təkabbəsēnî*": "you will wash me/cleanse me thoroughly", "*šeleg*": "snow", "*ʾalbîn*": "I will be white/become white/be clean" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.10", "source": "תַּ֭שְׁמִיעֵנִי שָׂשׂ֣וֹן וְשִׂמְחָ֑ה תָּ֝גֵ֗לְנָה עֲצָמ֥וֹת דִּכִּֽיתָ׃", "text": "*tašmîʿēnî* *śāśôn* and-*śimḥâ* *tāgēlnâ* *ʿăṣāmôt* *dikkîtā*", "grammar": { "*tašmîʿēnî*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will cause me to hear", "*śāśôn*": "masculine singular noun - joy/gladness", "*śimḥâ*": "feminine singular noun - joy/gladness", "*tāgēlnâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural - they will rejoice", "*ʿăṣāmôt*": "feminine plural noun - bones", "*dikkîtā*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you crushed" }, "variants": { "*tašmîʿēnî*": "you will cause me to hear/let me hear/make me hear", "*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/exultation", "*śimḥâ*": "joy/gladness/mirth", "*tāgēlnâ*": "they will rejoice/be glad/exult", "*ʿăṣāmôt*": "bones/frame/substance", "*dikkîtā*": "you crushed/broke/humbled" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.11", "source": "הַסְתֵּ֣ר פָּ֭נֶיךָ מֵחֲטָאָ֑י וְֽכָל־עֲוֺ֖נֹתַ֣י מְחֵֽה׃", "text": "*hastēr* *pānêkā* from-*ḥăṭāʾāy* and-all-*ʿăwōnōtay* *məḥēh*", "grammar": { "*hastēr*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - hide", "*pānêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your face", "*ḥăṭāʾāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my sins", "*ʿăwōnōtay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my iniquities", "*məḥēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - blot out" }, "variants": { "*hastēr*": "hide/conceal/cover", "*pānêkā*": "your face/presence/person", "*ḥăṭāʾāy*": "my sins/offenses/failures", "*ʿăwōnōtay*": "my iniquities/guilts/punishments", "*məḥēh*": "blot out/wipe away/erase" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.12", "source": "לֵ֣ב טָ֭הוֹר בְּרָא־לִ֣י אֱלֹהִ֑ים וְר֥וּחַ נָ֝כ֗וֹן חַדֵּ֥שׁ בְּקִרְבִּֽי׃", "text": "*lēb* *ṭāhôr* *bərāʾ*-to-me *ʾĕlōhîm* and-*rûaḥ* *nākôn* *ḥaddēš* in-*qirbî*", "grammar": { "*lēb*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*ṭāhôr*": "masculine singular adjective - clean", "*bərāʾ*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - create", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun - spirit", "*nākôn*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - steadfast/firm", "*ḥaddēš*": "Piel imperative masculine singular - renew", "*qirbî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my inward part" }, "variants": { "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*ṭāhôr*": "clean/pure/uncontaminated", "*bərāʾ*": "create/shape/form (implies divine creation)", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular deity)", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*nākôn*": "steadfast/firm/established/ready", "*ḥaddēš*": "renew/make new/restore", "*qirbî*": "my inward part/midst/inside" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.13", "source": "אַל־תַּשְׁלִיכֵ֥נִי מִלְּפָנֶ֑יךָ וְר֥וּחַ קָ֝דְשְׁךָ֗ אַל־תִּקַּ֥ח מִמֶּֽנִּי׃", "text": "Do-not-*tašlîkēnî* from-*ləpānêkā* and-*rûaḥ* *qodšəkā* do-not-*tiqqaḥ* from-me", "grammar": { "*tašlîkēnî*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will cast me away", "*ləpānêkā*": "plural noun with prefixed preposition and 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your presence", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun - spirit", "*qodšəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your holiness", "*tiqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will take" }, "variants": { "*tašlîkēnî*": "cast me away/throw me/reject me", "*ləpānêkā*": "from your presence/face/person", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*qodšəkā*": "your holiness/holy [spirit]/sanctity", "*tiqqaḥ*": "take/remove/seize" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.14", "source": "הָשִׁ֣יבָה לִּ֭י שְׂשׂ֣וֹן יִשְׁעֶ֑ךָ וְר֖וּחַ נְדִיבָ֣ה תִסְמְכֵֽנִי׃", "text": "*hāšîbâ* to-me *śəśôn* *yišʿekā* and-*rûaḥ* *nədîbâ* *tisməkēnî*", "grammar": { "*hāšîbâ*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - restore", "*śəśôn*": "masculine singular noun - joy", "*yišʿekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your salvation", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun - spirit", "*nədîbâ*": "feminine singular adjective - willing/noble", "*tisməkēnî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - she will uphold me" }, "variants": { "*hāšîbâ*": "restore/return/bring back", "*śəśôn*": "joy/gladness/exultation", "*yišʿekā*": "your salvation/deliverance/victory", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*nədîbâ*": "willing/noble/generous/free", "*tisməkēnî*": "she will uphold me/sustain me/support me" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.15", "source": "אֲלַמְּדָ֣ה פֹשְׁעִ֣ים דְּרָכֶ֑יךָ וְ֝חַטָּאִ֗ים אֵלֶ֥יךָ יָשֽׁוּבוּ׃", "text": "*ʾălammədâ* *pōšəʿîm* *dərākêkā* and-*ḥaṭṭāʾîm* to-you *yāšûbû*", "grammar": { "*ʾălammədâ*": "Piel cohortative 1st person singular - let me teach", "*pōšəʿîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - transgressors", "*dərākêkā*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ways", "*ḥaṭṭāʾîm*": "masculine plural noun - sinners", "*yāšûbû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will return" }, "variants": { "*ʾălammədâ*": "let me teach/I will teach/may I instruct", "*pōšəʿîm*": "transgressors/rebels/criminals", "*dərākêkā*": "your ways/paths/journeys", "*ḥaṭṭāʾîm*": "sinners/offenders/those who miss the mark", "*yāšûbû*": "they will return/turn back/repent" } } 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.16", "source": "הַצִּ֘ילֵ֤נִי מִדָּמִ֨ים ׀ אֱ‍ֽלֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהֵ֥י תְשׁוּעָתִ֑י תְּרַנֵּ֥ן לְ֝שׁוֹנִ֗י צִדְקָתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*haṣṣîlēnî* from-*dāmîm* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾĕlōhê* *təšûʿātî* *tərannēn* *ləšônî* *ṣidqātekā*", "grammar": { "*haṣṣîlēnî*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - deliver me", "*dāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - bloods", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct form - God of", "*təšûʿātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my salvation", "*tərannēn*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will sing", "*ləšônî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my tongue", "*ṣidqātekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your righteousness" }, "variants": { "*haṣṣîlēnî*": "deliver me/rescue me/save me", "*dāmîm*": "bloods/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular deity)", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*təšûʿātî*": "my salvation/deliverance/victory", "*tərannēn*": "she will sing/shout joyfully/cry out", "*ləšônî*": "my tongue/language/speech", "*ṣidqātekā*": "your righteousness/justice/righteous acts" } } 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.17", "source": "אֲ֭דֹנָי שְׂפָתַ֣י תִּפְתָּ֑ח וּ֝פִ֗י יַגִּ֥יד תְּהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʾădōnāy* *śəpātay* *tiptāḥ* and-*pî* *yaggîd* *təhillātekā*", "grammar": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix (used as divine title) - my Lord", "*śəpātay*": "feminine dual noun with 1st person singular suffix - my lips", "*tiptāḥ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will open", "*pî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my mouth", "*yaggîd*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will declare", "*təhillātekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your praise" }, "variants": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord/Master (divine title)", "*śəpātay*": "my lips/speech/language", "*tiptāḥ*": "you will open/unlock/free", "*pî*": "my mouth/speech/command", "*yaggîd*": "he will declare/tell/proclaim", "*təhillātekā*": "your praise/glory/commendation" } } 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.18", "source": "כִּ֤י ׀ לֹא־תַחְפֹּ֣ץ זֶ֣בַח וְאֶתֵּ֑נָה ע֝וֹלָ֗ה לֹ֣א תִרְצֶֽה׃", "text": "For not-*taḥpōṣ* *zebaḥ* and-*ʾettēnâ* *ʿôlâ* not *tirṣeh*", "grammar": { "*taḥpōṣ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will delight", "*zebaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - sacrifice", "*ʾettēnâ*": "Qal cohortative 1st person singular - let me give", "*ʿôlâ*": "feminine singular noun - burnt offering", "*tirṣeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will be pleased with" }, "variants": { "*taḥpōṣ*": "you will delight in/desire/take pleasure in", "*zebaḥ*": "sacrifice/slaughter offering", "*ʾettēnâ*": "let me give/I would give", "*ʿôlâ*": "burnt offering/whole offering (entirely consumed by fire)", "*tirṣeh*": "you will be pleased with/accept favorably/delight in" } } 19 { "verseID": "Psalms.51.19", "source": "זִֽבְחֵ֣י אֱלֹהִים֮ ר֢וּחַ נִשְׁבָּ֫רָ֥ה לֵב־נִשְׁבָּ֥ר וְנִדְכֶּ֑ה אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים לֹ֣א תִבְזֶֽה׃", "text": "*zibḥê* *ʾĕlōhîm* *rûaḥ* *nišbārâ* *lēb*-*nišbār* and-*nidkeh* *ʾĕlōhîm* not *tibzeh*", "grammar": { "*zibḥê*": "masculine plural construct - sacrifices of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun - spirit", "*nišbārâ*": "Niphal participle feminine singular - broken", "*lēb*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*nišbār*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - broken", "*nidkeh*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - contrite", "*tibzeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will despise" }, "variants": { "*zibḥê*": "sacrifices of/offerings of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular deity)", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*nišbārâ*": "broken/shattered/crushed", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*nišbār*": "broken/shattered/crushed", "*nidkeh*": "contrite/crushed/humbled", "*tibzeh*": "you will despise/reject/hold in contempt" } }
• Isa 5:1-7 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.1", "source": "אָשִׁ֤ירָה נָּא֙ לִֽידִידִ֔י שִׁירַ֥ת דּוֹדִ֖י לְכַרְמ֑וֹ כֶּ֛רֶם הָיָ֥ה לִֽידִידִ֖י בְּקֶ֥רֶן בֶּן־שָֽׁמֶן׃", "text": "I will *ʾāšîrâ* *nāʾ* for my *yədîdî* a *šîrat* of my *dôdî* for his *kerem*; a *kerem* *hāyâ* for my *yədîdî* in a *qeren ben-šāmen*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāšîrâ*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with cohortative - I will sing", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*yədîdî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular possessive suffix - my beloved", "*šîrat*": "feminine singular construct - song of", "*dôdî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular possessive suffix - my beloved/my love", "*kerem*": "masculine singular noun - vineyard", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was/existed", "*qeren*": "construct state - horn/hill", "*ben-šāmen*": "construct phrase - son of fatness/fertility" }, "variants": { "*yədîdî*": "beloved/dear one/friend", "*dôdî*": "beloved/love/uncle", "*qeren*": "horn/hill/power", "*ben-šāmen*": "fertile hill/rich soil/son of oil" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.2", "source": "וַֽיְעַזְּקֵ֣הוּ וַֽיְסַקְּלֵ֗הוּ וַיִּטָּעֵ֙הוּ֙ שֹׂרֵ֔ק וַיִּ֤בֶן מִגְדָּל֙ בְּתוֹכ֔וֹ וְגַם־יֶ֖קֶב חָצֵ֣ב בּ֑וֹ וַיְקַ֛ו לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת עֲנָבִ֖ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ בְּאֻשִֽׁים׃", "text": "And *wə*-he *yaʿazzəqēhû* and *wə*-he *yəsaqqəlēhû* and he *yiṭṭāʿēhû* *śōrēq* and he *yiben* a *migdāl* in *bətôkô* and *wə*-also a *yeqeb* he *ḥāṣēb* in it; and he *yəqaw* for it to *laʿăśôt* *ʿănābîm* but it *yaʿaś* *bəʾušîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yaʿazzəqēhû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he dug it up", "*yəsaqqəlēhû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he cleared it of stones", "*yiṭṭāʿēhû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he planted it", "*śōrēq*": "masculine singular noun - choice vine/red grapes", "*yiben*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he built", "*migdāl*": "masculine singular noun - tower", "*bətôkô*": "preposition with masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in its midst", "*yeqeb*": "masculine singular noun - wine vat", "*ḥāṣēb*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he hewed/carved out", "*yəqaw*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he expected/waited", "*laʿăśôt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to produce/make", "*ʿănābîm*": "masculine plural noun - grapes", "*yaʿaś*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it produced", "*bəʾušîm*": "masculine plural noun - wild/sour grapes" }, "variants": { "*yaʿazzəqēhû*": "dug it up/hoed it/tilled it", "*śōrēq*": "choice vine/red grapes/best variety", "*bəʾušîm*": "wild grapes/stinking things/worthless fruit" } } 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.3", "source": "וְעַתָּ֛ה יוֹשֵׁ֥ב יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם וְאִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֑ה שִׁפְטוּ־נָ֕א בֵּינִ֖י וּבֵ֥ין כַּרְמִֽי׃", "text": "And *wə*-now *yôšēb* *yərûšālaim* and *wə*-*ʾîš* *yəhûdâ*, *šipṭû-nāʾ* between me and between my *karmî*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - inhabitant of/dweller in", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun construct - man of", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*šipṭû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - judge", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*karmî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my vineyard" }, "variants": { "*yôšēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/each one" } } 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.4", "source": "מַה־לַּעֲשׂ֥וֹת עוֹד֙ לְכַרְמִ֔י וְלֹ֥א עָשִׂ֖יתִי בּ֑וֹ מַדּ֧וּעַ קִוֵּ֛יתִי לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת עֲנָבִ֖ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ בְּאֻשִֽׁים׃", "text": "What *mah*-more *laʿăśôt* for my *karmî* that I have not *ʿāśîtî* in it? Why *madûaʿ* did I *qiwwêtî* it *laʿăśôt* *ʿănābîm* but it *yaʿaś* *bəʾušîm*?", "grammar": { "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*laʿăśôt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to do", "*karmî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my vineyard", "*ʿāśîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I did/have done", "*madûaʿ*": "interrogative - why", "*qiwwêtî*": "piel perfect 1st person singular - I expected/waited for", "*laʿăśôt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to produce", "*ʿănābîm*": "masculine plural noun - grapes", "*yaʿaś*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it produced", "*bəʾušîm*": "masculine plural noun - wild/sour grapes" }, "variants": { "*qiwwêtî*": "expected/hoped/waited for", "*bəʾušîm*": "wild grapes/stinking things/worthless fruit" } } 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.5", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ אוֹדִֽיעָה־נָּ֣א אֶתְכֶ֔ם אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י עֹשֶׂ֖ה לְכַרְמִ֑י הָסֵ֤ר מְשׂוּכָּתוֹ֙ וְהָיָ֣ה לְבָעֵ֔ר פָּרֹ֥ץ גְּדֵר֖וֹ וְהָיָ֥ה לְמִרְמָֽס׃", "text": "And *wə*-now I will *ʾôdîʿâ-nāʾ* you *ʾet* what *ʾăšer*-I am *ʿōśeh* to my *karmî*: *hāsēr* its *məśûkkātô* and it shall *wəhāyâ* for *ləbāʿēr*, *pārōṣ* its *gədērô* and it shall *wəhāyâ* for *ləmirmās*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾôdîʿâ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will make known", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle masculine singular - doing/going to do", "*karmî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my vineyard", "*hāsēr*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - removing", "*məśûkkātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its hedge", "*wəhāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and it will be", "*ləbāʿēr*": "preposition with piel infinitive construct - for burning/consuming", "*pārōṣ*": "qal infinitive absolute - breaking down", "*gədērô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its wall", "*ləmirmās*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - for trampling" }, "variants": { "*məśûkkātô*": "hedge/fence/protection", "*ləbāʿēr*": "burning/consuming/destruction", "*gədērô*": "wall/fence/boundary", "*ləmirmās*": "trampling/treading place" } } 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.6", "source": "וַאֲשִׁיתֵ֣הוּ בָתָ֗ה לֹ֤א יִזָּמֵר֙ וְלֹ֣א יֵעָדֵ֔ר וְעָלָ֥ה שָׁמִ֖יר וָשָׁ֑יִת וְעַ֤ל הֶעָבִים֙ אֲצַוֶּ֔ה מֵהַמְטִ֥יר עָלָ֖יו מָטָֽר׃", "text": "And I will *waʾăšîtēhû* *bātâ*, it shall not *yizzāmēr* and shall not *yēʿādēr*, and *wəʿālâ* *šāmîr* and *wāšāyit*; and upon the *heʿābîm* I will *ʾăṣawweh* from *mēhamṭîr* upon it *māṭār*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăšîtēhû*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with vav consecutive and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make it", "*bātâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation", "*yizzāmēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be pruned", "*yēʿādēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be hoed/tilled", "*wəʿālâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and will come up", "*šāmîr*": "masculine singular noun - thorns/briars", "*wāšāyit*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun - and thistles/weeds", "*heʿābîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the clouds", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person singular - I will command", "*mēhamṭîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - from raining", "*māṭār*": "masculine singular noun - rain" }, "variants": { "*bātâ*": "waste/desolation/ruin", "*šāmîr*": "thorns/briars/brambles", "*šāyit*": "thistles/weeds/thorny plants" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.7", "source": "כִּ֣י כֶ֜רֶם יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה נְטַ֖ע שַׁעֲשׁוּעָ֑יו וַיְקַ֤ו לְמִשְׁפָּט֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה מִשְׂפָּ֔ח לִצְדָקָ֖ה וְהִנֵּ֥ה צְעָקָֽה׃", "text": "For *kî* the *kerem* of *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* is *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl*, and *wə*-*ʾîš* *yəhûdâ* is the *neṭaʿ* of his *šaʿăšûʿāyw*; and he *wayəqaw* for *mišpāṭ* but *wəhinnēh* *miśpāḥ*, for *ṣədāqâ* but *wəhinnēh* *ṣəʿāqâ*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kerem*": "masculine singular construct - vineyard of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct - men of", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*neṭaʿ*": "masculine singular construct - planting of", "*šaʿăšûʿāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his delight", "*wayəqaw*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and he looked for", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - justice", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with demonstrative particle - but behold", "*miśpāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - bloodshed/oppression", "*ṣədāqâ*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness", "*ṣəʿāqâ*": "feminine singular noun - cry/outcry" }, "variants": { "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/celestial bodies", "*neṭaʿ*": "planting/plant/plantation", "*šaʿăšûʿāyw*": "delight/pleasure/joy", "*miśpāḥ*": "bloodshed/oppression/injustice", "*ṣəʿāqâ*": "cry/outcry/distress" } }
• Isa 57:17-18 : 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.57.17", "source": "בַּעֲוֺ֥ן בִּצְע֛וֹ קָצַ֥פְתִּי וְאַכֵּ֖הוּ הַסְתֵּ֣ר וְאֶקְצֹ֑ף וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ שׁוֹבָ֖ב בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ לִבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*baʿăwōn* *biṣəʿô* *qāṣaptî* *wə-ʾakkēhû* *hastēr* *wə-ʾeqṣōp* *wayyēlek* *šôbāb* *bəderek* *libbô*.", "grammar": { "*baʿăwōn*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular construct - because of the iniquity of", "*biṣəʿô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his unjust gain/covetousness", "*qāṣaptî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I was angry", "*wə-ʾakkēhû*": "conjunctive waw + hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I struck him", "*hastēr*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - hiding/concealing", "*wə-ʾeqṣōp*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I was angry", "*wayyēlek*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went", "*šôbāb*": "adjective, masculine, singular - backsliding/rebellious", "*bəderek*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular construct - in the way of", "*libbô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*biṣəʿô*": "his unjust gain/covetousness/dishonest profit", "*qāṣaptî*": "I was angry/wrathful/indignant", "*ʾakkēhû*": "I struck him/smote him/punished him", "*hastēr*": "hiding/concealing (emphatic form)", "*šôbāb*": "backsliding/rebellious/turning away", "*derek* *libbô*": "way of his heart/his own way/his self-chosen path" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.57.18", "source": "דְּרָכָ֥יו רָאִ֖יתִי וְאֶרְפָּאֵ֑הוּ וְאַנְחֵ֕הוּ וַאֲשַׁלֵּ֧ם נִֽחֻמִ֛ים ל֖וֹ וְלַאֲבֵלָֽיו׃", "text": "*dərāḵāyw* *rāʾîtî* *wə-ʾerpāʾēhû* *wə-ʾanḥēhû* *waʾăšallēm* *niḥumîm* *lô* *wə-laʾăbēlāyw*.", "grammar": { "*dərāḵāyw*": "noun, feminine, plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his ways", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have seen", "*wə-ʾerpāʾēhû*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will heal him", "*wə-ʾanḥēhû*": "conjunctive waw + hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will lead him", "*waʾăšallēm*": "conjunctive waw + piel imperfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will restore/repay", "*niḥumîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - comforts/consolations", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*wə-laʾăbēlāyw*": "conjunctive waw + preposition + noun, masculine, plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and to his mourners" }, "variants": { "*dərāḵāyw*": "his ways/roads/paths/journeys", "*rāʾîtî*": "I have seen/observed/noticed", "*ʾerpāʾēhû*": "I will heal him/restore him/make him whole", "*ʾanḥēhû*": "I will lead him/guide him/direct him", "*ʾăšallēm*": "I will restore/repay/make whole", "*niḥumîm*": "comforts/consolations/compassions", "*ʾăbēlāyw*": "his mourners/those who mourn for him" } }
• Matt 21:33-45 : 33 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.33", "source": "¶Ἄλλην παραβολὴν ἀκούσατε: Ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν οἰκοδεσπότης, ὅστις ἐφύτευσεν ἀμπελῶνα, καὶ φραγμὸν αὐτῷ περιέθηκεν, καὶ ὤρυξεν ἐν αὐτῷ ληνὸν, καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν πύργον, καὶ ἐξέδοτο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς, καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν:", "text": "Another *parabolēn* *akousate*: *Anthrōpos* certain was *oikodespotēs*, who *ephyteusen* *ampelōna*, and *phragmon* to it *periethēken*, and *ōryxen* in it *lēnon*, and *ōkodomēsen* *pyrgon*, and *exedoto* it to *geōrgois*, and *apedēmēsen*:", "grammar": { "*parabolēn*": "accusative feminine singular - parable", "*akousate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - hear", "*Anthrōpos*": "nominative masculine singular - man", "*oikodespotēs*": "nominative masculine singular - householder", "*ephyteusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he planted", "*ampelōna*": "accusative masculine singular - vineyard", "*phragmon*": "accusative masculine singular - fence", "*periethēken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he placed around", "*ōryxen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he dug", "*lēnon*": "accusative feminine singular - winepress", "*ōkodomēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he built", "*pyrgon*": "accusative masculine singular - tower", "*exedoto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he rented out", "*geōrgois*": "dative masculine plural - farmers", "*apedēmēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he went away" }, "variants": { "*parabolēn*": "parable/comparison/analogy", "*akousate*": "hear/listen to", "*Anthrōpos*": "man/person/human", "*oikodespotēs*": "householder/master of house/landlord", "*ephyteusen*": "planted/established", "*ampelōna*": "vineyard/vineyard plantation", "*phragmon*": "fence/hedge/wall", "*periethēken*": "placed around/surrounded/enclosed", "*ōryxen*": "dug/excavated", "*lēnon*": "winepress/wine vat", "*ōkodomēsen*": "built/constructed", "*pyrgon*": "tower/watchtower", "*exedoto*": "rented out/leased/let out", "*geōrgois*": "farmers/tenant farmers/vinedressers", "*apedēmēsen*": "went away/traveled abroad/departed" } } 34 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.34", "source": "Ὅτε δὲ ἤγγισεν ὁ καιρὸς τῶν καρπῶν, ἀπέστειλεν τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ πρὸς τοὺς γεωργούς, λαβεῖν τοὺς καρποὺς αὐτοῦ.", "text": "When *de* *ēngisen* the *kairos* of the *karpōn*, he *apesteilen* the *doulous* of him *pros* the *geōrgous*, to *labein* the *karpous* of him.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*ēngisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - it drew near", "*kairos*": "nominative masculine singular - time/season", "*karpōn*": "genitive masculine plural - fruits", "*apesteilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he sent", "*doulous*": "accusative masculine plural - servants/slaves", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to", "*geōrgous*": "accusative masculine plural - farmers", "*labein*": "aorist active infinitive - to receive", "*karpous*": "accusative masculine plural - fruits" }, "variants": { "*ēngisen*": "drew near/approached/came near", "*kairos*": "time/season/appointed time", "*karpōn*": "fruits/produce/crops", "*apesteilen*": "sent/dispatched", "*doulous*": "servants/slaves/bondservants", "*pros*": "to/toward", "*geōrgous*": "farmers/tenant farmers/vinedressers", "*labein*": "receive/take/collect", "*karpous*": "fruits/produce/crops" } } 35 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.35", "source": "Καὶ λαβόντες οἱ γεωργοὶ τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ, ὃν μὲν ἔδειραν, ὃν δὲ ἀπέκτειναν, ὃν δὲ ἐλιθοβόλησαν.", "text": "And *labontes* the *geōrgoi* the *doulous* of him, one *men* they *edeiran*, another *de* they *apekteinan*, another *de* they *elithobolēsan*.", "grammar": { "*labontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having taken", "*geōrgoi*": "nominative masculine plural - farmers", "*doulous*": "accusative masculine plural - servants/slaves", "*men*": "particle in contrast with de - on the one hand", "*edeiran*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they beat", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and, on the other hand", "*apekteinan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they killed", "*elithobolēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they stoned" }, "variants": { "*labontes*": "having taken/seized/grabbed", "*geōrgoi*": "farmers/tenant farmers/vinedressers", "*doulous*": "servants/slaves/bondservants", "*edeiran*": "beat/flogged/struck", "*apekteinan*": "killed/murdered/put to death", "*elithobolēsan*": "stoned/pelted with stones" } } 36 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.36", "source": "Πάλιν, ἀπέστειλεν ἄλλους δούλους πλείονας τῶν πρώτων: καὶ ἐποίησαν αὐτοῖς ὡσαύτως.", "text": "Again, he *apesteilen* other *doulous* *pleionas* than the *prōtōn*: and they *epoiēsan* to them *hōsautōs*.", "grammar": { "*apesteilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he sent", "*doulous*": "accusative masculine plural - servants/slaves", "*pleionas*": "accusative masculine plural, comparative - more", "*prōtōn*": "genitive masculine plural - first ones", "*epoiēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they did", "*hōsautōs*": "adverb - likewise/in the same way" }, "variants": { "*apesteilen*": "sent/dispatched", "*doulous*": "servants/slaves/bondservants", "*pleionas*": "more/more numerous/greater in number", "*prōtōn*": "first/former/previous", "*epoiēsan*": "did/performed/acted", "*hōsautōs*": "likewise/similarly/in the same way" } } 37 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.37", "source": "Ὕστερον δὲ ἀπέστειλεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, λέγων, Ἐντραπήσονται τὸν υἱόν μου.", "text": "*Hysteron* *de* he *apesteilen* *pros* them the *huion* of him, *legōn*, They will *entrapēsontai* the *huion* of me.", "grammar": { "*Hysteron*": "adverb - later/afterwards", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*apesteilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he sent", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to", "*huion*": "accusative masculine singular - son", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying", "*entrapēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they will respect", "*huion*": "accusative masculine singular - son" }, "variants": { "*Hysteron*": "later/at last/finally", "*apesteilen*": "sent/dispatched", "*pros*": "to/toward", "*huion*": "son/male descendant", "*legōn*": "saying/speaking", "*entrapēsontai*": "will respect/will reverence/will show regard for" } } 38 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.38", "source": "Οἱ δὲ γεωργοὶ ἰδόντες τὸν υἱὸν, εἶπον ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ κληρονόμος· δεῦτε, ἀποκτείνωμεν αὐτὸν, καὶ κατάσχωμεν τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ.", "text": "The *de* *geōrgoi* *idontes* the *huion*, *eipon* among themselves, This *estin* the *klēronomos*; *deute*, let us *apokteinōmen* him, and let us *kataschōmen* the *klēronomian* of him.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*geōrgoi*": "nominative masculine plural - farmers", "*idontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having seen", "*huion*": "accusative masculine singular - son", "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they said", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*klēronomos*": "nominative masculine singular - heir", "*deute*": "adverb/imperative - come", "*apokteinōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us kill", "*kataschōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us seize", "*klēronomian*": "accusative feminine singular - inheritance" }, "variants": { "*geōrgoi*": "farmers/tenant farmers/vinedressers", "*idontes*": "having seen/observed/noticed", "*huion*": "son/male descendant", "*eipon*": "said/spoke/told", "*klēronomos*": "heir/inheritor", "*deute*": "come/come here/come now", "*apokteinōmen*": "let us kill/slay/put to death", "*kataschōmen*": "let us seize/take possession of/lay hold of", "*klēronomian*": "inheritance/property/possession" } } 39 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.39", "source": "Καὶ λαβόντες αὐτὸν, ἐξέβαλον ἔξω τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος, καὶ ἀπέκτειναν.", "text": "And *labontes* him, they *exebalon* outside the *ampelōnos*, and *apekteinan*.", "grammar": { "*labontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having taken", "*exebalon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they cast out", "*ampelōnos*": "genitive masculine singular - vineyard", "*apekteinan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they killed" }, "variants": { "*labontes*": "having taken/seized/grabbed", "*exebalon*": "cast out/threw out/drove out", "*ampelōnos*": "vineyard/vineyard plantation", "*apekteinan*": "killed/murdered/put to death" } } 40 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.40", "source": "Ὅταν οὖν ἔλθῃ ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος, τί ποιήσει τοῖς γεωργοῖς ἐκείνοις;", "text": "When therefore *elthē* the *kyrios* of the *ampelōnos*, what *poiēsei* to the *geōrgois* those?", "grammar": { "*elthē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular - may come/should come", "*kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - lord/master/owner", "*ampelōnos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - vineyard", "*poiēsei*": "future indicative, 3rd singular - will do/make", "*geōrgois*": "dative, masculine, plural - farmers/vine-growers/husbandmen", "ἐκείνοις": "demonstrative pronoun, dative, masculine, plural - those" }, "variants": { "*elthē*": "comes/arrives/returns", "*kyrios*": "lord/master/owner", "*ampelōnos*": "vineyard/vineyard estate", "*poiēsei*": "will do/will make/will perform", "*geōrgois*": "farmers/vine-growers/field workers/husbandmen" } } 41 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.41", "source": "Λέγουσιν αὐτῷ, Κακοὺς κακῶς ἀπολέσει αὐτούς, καὶ τὸν ἀμπελῶνα ἐκδώσεται ἄλλοις γεωργοῖς, οἵτινες ἀποδώσουσιν αὐτῷ τοὺς καρποὺς ἐν τοῖς καιροῖς αὐτῶν.", "text": "They *legousin* to him, *Kakous kakōs apolesei* them, and the *ampelōna ekdōsetai* to other *geōrgois*, who *apodōsousin* to him the *karpous* in the *kairois* of them.", "grammar": { "*legousin*": "present indicative, 3rd plural - they say/are saying", "*Kakous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - evil men/bad ones", "*kakōs*": "adverb - badly/miserably/severely", "*apolesei*": "future indicative, 3rd singular - he will destroy", "*ampelōna*": "accusative, masculine, singular - vineyard", "*ekdōsetai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd singular - he will lease out/rent", "*geōrgois*": "dative, masculine, plural - farmers/vine-growers", "*apodōsousin*": "future indicative, 3rd plural - they will give back/render/pay", "*karpous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fruits/produce", "*kairois*": "dative, masculine, plural - appointed times/seasons" }, "variants": { "*legousin*": "they say/they tell/they speak", "*Kakous kakōs apolesei*": "He will miserably destroy those wicked ones/Miserably he will bring those evil ones to evil destruction", "*ekdōsetai*": "he will rent out/he will lease/he will give out for his own benefit", "*geōrgois*": "farmers/vine-growers/field workers/husbandmen", "*apodōsousin*": "they will pay back/they will return/they will deliver", "*karpous*": "fruits/produce/results", "*kairois*": "appointed times/proper seasons/due times" } } 42 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.42", "source": "Λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε ἐν ταῖς γραφαῖς, Λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας: παρὰ Κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη, καὶ ἔστιν θαυμαστὴ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν;", "text": "*Legei* to them the *Iēsous*, Never *anegnōte* in the *graphais*, *Lithon* which *apedokimasan* the *oikodomountes*, this *egenēthē* into *kephalēn gōnias*: from *Kyriou egeneto* this, and *estin thaumastē* in *ophthalmois* of us?", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - he says/is saying", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*anegnōte*": "aorist indicative, 2nd plural - you read", "*graphais*": "dative, feminine, plural - scriptures/writings", "*Lithon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - stone", "*apedokimasan*": "aorist indicative, 3rd plural - they rejected/disqualified", "*oikodomountes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - the ones building/builders", "*egenēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - became/was made", "*kephalēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - head", "*gōnias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - corner/angle", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord/LORD", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - became/happened", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*thaumastē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - marvelous/wonderful", "*ophthalmois*": "dative, masculine, plural - eyes" }, "variants": { "*Legei*": "he says/he tells/he speaks", "*anegnōte*": "you read/you have read", "*graphais*": "scriptures/writings/sacred texts", "*Lithon*": "stone/rock", "*apedokimasan*": "they rejected/they disqualified/they disapproved", "*oikodomountes*": "builders/those building/constructors", "*egenēthē*": "became/was made/was transformed into", "*kephalēn gōnias*": "head of corner/cornerstone/chief cornerstone", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/LORD (YHWH)", "*egeneto*": "became/came to be/happened", "*thaumastē*": "marvelous/wonderful/amazing", "*ophthalmois*": "eyes/sight" } } 43 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.43", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο λέγω ὑμῖν, ὅτι Ἀρθήσεται ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ δοθήσεται ἔθνει ποιοῦντι τοὺς καρποὺς αὐτῆς.", "text": "Because of this *legō* to you, that *Arthēsetai* from you the *basileia* of the *Theou*, and *dothēsetai ethnei poiounti* the *karpous* of it.", "grammar": { "*legō*": "present indicative, 1st singular - I say/am saying", "*Arthēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd singular - will be taken away", "*basileia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*dothēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd singular - will be given", "*ethnei*": "dative, neuter, singular - nation/people", "*poiounti*": "present participle, dative, neuter, singular - producing/making/bearing", "*karpous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fruits/produce" }, "variants": { "*legō*": "I say/I tell/I speak", "*Arthēsetai*": "will be taken away/will be removed/will be lifted", "*basileia*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*dothēsetai*": "will be given/will be granted", "*ethnei*": "nation/people/people group", "*poiounti*": "producing/bearing/bringing forth", "*karpous*": "fruits/produce/results" } } 44 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.44", "source": "Καὶ ὁ πεσὼν ἐπὶ τὸν λίθον τοῦτον συνθλασθήσεται: ἐφʼ ὃν δʼ ἂν πέσῃ, λικμήσει αὐτόν.", "text": "And the one *pesōn* upon the *lithon* this *synthlasthēsetai*: upon whom but if *pesē*, *likmēsei* him.", "grammar": { "*pesōn*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular - falling/having fallen", "*lithon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - stone", "*synthlasthēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd singular - will be broken/shattered", "*pesē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular - it might fall", "*likmēsei*": "future indicative, 3rd singular - it will crush/scatter/winnow" }, "variants": { "*pesōn*": "falling/having fallen/who falls", "*lithon*": "stone/rock", "*synthlasthēsetai*": "will be broken in pieces/will be shattered/will be crushed", "*pesē*": "it might fall/it should fall/it may fall", "*likmēsei*": "it will pulverize/it will crush to dust/it will scatter like chaff/it will winnow" } } 45 { "verseID": "Matthew.21.45", "source": "Καὶ ἀκούσαντες οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι τὰς παραβολὰς αὐτοῦ, ἔγνωσαν ὅτι περὶ αὐτῶν. Λέγει", "text": "And *akousantes* the *archiereis* and the *Pharisaioi* the *parabolas* of him, *egnōsan* that concerning them. He *legei*", "grammar": { "*akousantes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having heard", "*archiereis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - chief priests", "*Pharisaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - Pharisees", "*parabolas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - parables", "*egnōsan*": "aorist indicative, 3rd plural - they knew/recognized", "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - he says/speaks" }, "variants": { "*akousantes*": "having heard/when they heard", "*archiereis*": "chief priests/high priests", "*Pharisaioi*": "Pharisees (Jewish religious group)", "*parabolas*": "parables/stories/illustrations", "*egnōsan*": "they knew/they recognized/they understood", "*legei*": "he says/he tells/he speaks" } }
• Luke 15:11-32 : 11 { "verseID": "Luke.15.11", "source": "¶Εἶπεν δέ, Ἄνθρωπός τις εἶχεν δύο υἱούς:", "text": "*Eipen* *de*, *Anthrōpos* certain *eichen* two *huious*:", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*Anthrōpos*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - man/person", "τις": "indefinite pronoun, masculine singular, nominative - a certain/someone", "*eichen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he had/was having", "*huious*": "noun, masculine plural, accusative - sons" }, "variants": { "*Eipen*": "said/spoke/told", "*Anthrōpos*": "man/person/human being", "*eichen*": "had/was having/possessed", "*huious*": "sons/male children" } } 12 { "verseID": "Luke.15.12", "source": "Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ νεώτερος αὐτῶν τῷ πατρί, Πάτερ, δός μοι τὸ ἐπιβάλλον μέρος τῆς οὐσίας. Καὶ διεῖλεν αὐτοῖς τὸν βίον.", "text": "And *eipen* the *neōteros* of-them to-the *patri*, *Pater*, *dos* me the *epiballon* *meros* of-the *ousias*. And *dieilen* to-them the *bion*.", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*neōteros*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative, comparative - younger", "αὐτῶν": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of them", "*patri*": "noun, masculine singular, dative - father", "*Pater*": "noun, masculine singular, vocative - Father", "*dos*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - give", "μοι": "personal pronoun, dative, 1st person singular - to me", "*epiballon*": "present active participle, neuter singular, accusative - falling to", "*meros*": "noun, neuter singular, accusative - portion/part", "*ousias*": "noun, feminine singular, genitive - of property/estate", "*dieilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he divided", "αὐτοῖς": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, plural - to them", "*bion*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - livelihood/property" }, "variants": { "*neōteros*": "younger/junior", "*patri*": "father", "*dos*": "give/grant", "*epiballon*": "falling to/belonging to/due to", "*meros*": "portion/part/share", "*ousias*": "property/possessions/estate/wealth", "*dieilen*": "divided/distributed/apportioned", "*bion*": "livelihood/property/means of support/living" } } 13 { "verseID": "Luke.15.13", "source": "Καὶ μετʼ οὐ πολλὰς ἡμέρας συναγαγὼν ἅπαντα ὁ νεώτερος υἱὸς, ἀπεδήμησεν εἰς χώραν μακράν, καὶ ἐκεῖ διεσκόρπισεν τὴν οὐσίαν αὐτοῦ ζῶν ἀσώτως.", "text": "And after not many *hēmeras* *synagagōn* *hapanta* the *neōteros* *huios*, *apedēmēsen* into *chōran* *makran*, and there *dieskorpisen* the *ousian* of-him *zōn* *asōtōs*.", "grammar": { "*hēmeras*": "noun, feminine plural, accusative - days", "*synagagōn*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having gathered", "*hapanta*": "adjective, neuter plural, accusative - all things", "*neōteros*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative, comparative - younger", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "*apedēmēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he went abroad/traveled away", "*chōran*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - country/region", "*makran*": "adjective, feminine singular, accusative - distant/far", "*dieskorpisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he scattered/squandered", "*ousian*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - property/possessions", "αὐτοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*zōn*": "present active participle, masculine singular, nominative - living", "*asōtōs*": "adverb - wastefully/recklessly" }, "variants": { "*hēmeras*": "days", "*synagagōn*": "having gathered/collected/brought together", "*hapanta*": "all things/everything", "*neōteros*": "younger/junior", "*huios*": "son", "*apedēmēsen*": "went abroad/traveled away/journeyed", "*chōran*": "country/region/land", "*makran*": "distant/far away/remote", "*dieskorpisen*": "scattered/squandered/wasted", "*ousian*": "property/possessions/substance/estate", "*zōn*": "living/existing", "*asōtōs*": "wastefully/recklessly/prodigally/dissolutely" } } 14 { "verseID": "Luke.15.14", "source": "Δαπανήσαντος δὲ αὐτοῦ πάντα, ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἰσχυρὸς κατὰ τὴν χώραν ἐκείνην· καὶ αὐτὸς ἤρξατο ὑστερεῖσθαι.", "text": "*Dapanēsantos* *de* him *panta*, *egeneto* *limos* *ischyros* throughout the *chōran* that; and he *ērxato* *hystereisthai*.", "grammar": { "*Dapanēsantos*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - having spent", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "αὐτοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*panta*": "adjective, neuter plural, accusative - all things", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - there arose/happened", "*limos*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - famine/hunger", "*ischyros*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - severe/mighty", "*chōran*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - country/region", "ἐκείνην": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular, accusative - that", "*ērxato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he began", "*hystereisthai*": "present passive infinitive - to be in want/lack" }, "variants": { "*Dapanēsantos*": "having spent/consumed/used up", "*panta*": "all things/everything", "*egeneto*": "arose/happened/came to be", "*limos*": "famine/hunger/severe food shortage", "*ischyros*": "severe/mighty/strong/powerful", "*chōran*": "country/region/land", "*ērxato*": "began/started", "*hystereisthai*": "to be in want/to lack/to be deficient/to suffer need" } } 15 { "verseID": "Luke.15.15", "source": "Καὶ πορευθεὶς ἐκολλήθη ἑνὶ τῶν πολιτῶν τῆς χώρας ἐκείνης· καὶ ἔπεμψεν αὐτὸν εἰς τοὺς ἀγροὺς αὐτοῦ βόσκειν χοίρους.", "text": "And *poreutheis* *ekollēthē* to-one of-the *politōn* of-the *chōras* that; and *epempsen* him into the *agrous* of-him *boskein* *choirous*.", "grammar": { "*poreutheis*": "aorist passive participle, masculine singular, nominative - having gone", "*ekollēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he joined/attached himself", "*politōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of citizens/residents", "*chōras*": "noun, feminine singular, genitive - of country/region", "*epempsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he sent", "*agrous*": "noun, masculine plural, accusative - fields", "*boskein*": "present active infinitive - to feed/tend", "*choirous*": "noun, masculine plural, accusative - pigs/swine" }, "variants": { "*poreutheis*": "having gone/traveled/journeyed", "*ekollēthē*": "joined/attached himself/clung to", "*politōn*": "citizens/residents/inhabitants", "*chōras*": "country/region/land", "*epempsen*": "sent/dispatched", "*agrous*": "fields/farms/countryside", "*boskein*": "to feed/tend/pasture", "*choirous*": "pigs/swine/hogs" } } 16 { "verseID": "Luke.15.16", "source": "Καὶ ἐπεθύμει γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν αὑτοῦ ἀπὸ τῶν κερατίων ὧν ἤσθιον οἱ χοῖροι: καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐδίδου αὐτῷ.", "text": "And *epethymei* *gemisai* the *koilian* of-himself from the *keratiōn* which *ēsthion* the *choiroi*: and no-one *edidou* to-him.", "grammar": { "*epethymei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he was desiring", "*gemisai*": "aorist active infinitive - to fill", "*koilian*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - belly/stomach", "αὑτοῦ": "reflexive pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of himself", "*keratiōn*": "noun, neuter plural, genitive - of carob pods", "ὧν": "relative pronoun, neuter plural, genitive - of which", "*ēsthion*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were eating", "*choiroi*": "noun, masculine plural, nominative - pigs/swine", "*edidou*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was giving" }, "variants": { "*epethymei*": "was desiring/longing for/craving", "*gemisai*": "to fill/satisfy", "*koilian*": "belly/stomach/abdomen", "*keratiōn*": "carob pods/husks/pods", "*ēsthion*": "were eating/consuming", "*choiroi*": "pigs/swine/hogs", "*edidou*": "was giving/providing/offering" } } 17 { "verseID": "Luke.15.17", "source": "Εἰς ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἐλθὼν, εἶπεν, Πόσοι μίσθιοι τοῦ πατρός μου περισσεύουσιν ἄρτων, ἐγὼ δὲ λιμῷ ἀπόλλυμαι!", "text": "To himself *de* *elthōn*, *eipen*, How-many *misthioi* of-the *patros* of-me *perisseuousin* of-*artōn*, I *de* with-*limō* *apollymai*!", "grammar": { "*elthōn*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having come", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*misthioi*": "noun, masculine plural, nominative - hired servants", "*patros*": "noun, masculine singular, genitive - of father", "μου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st person singular - of me", "*perisseuousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they have abundance", "*artōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of bread/loaves", "*limō*": "noun, masculine singular, dative - with hunger/famine", "*apollymai*": "present middle indicative, 1st person singular - I am perishing" }, "variants": { "*elthōn*": "having come/come to/returned", "*misthioi*": "hired servants/workers", "*patros*": "father", "*perisseuousin*": "have abundance/have plenty/have more than enough", "*artōn*": "bread/loaves/food", "*limō*": "hunger/famine/starvation", "*apollymai*": "I am perishing/dying/being destroyed" } } 18 { "verseID": "Luke.15.18", "source": "Ἀναστὰς πορεύσομαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μου, καὶ ἐρῶ αὐτῷ, Πάτερ, ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ ἐνώπιόν σου,", "text": "*Anastas* *poreusomai* *pros* the *patera* of-me, and *erō* to-him, *Pater*, *hēmarton* against the *ouranon*, and *enōpion* of-you,", "grammar": { "*Anastas*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having risen up", "*poreusomai*": "future middle indicative, 1st person singular - I will go", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*patera*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - father", "μου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st person singular - of me", "*erō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will say", "αὐτῷ": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*Pater*": "noun, masculine singular, vocative - Father", "*hēmarton*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I sinned", "*ouranon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in the sight of", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you" }, "variants": { "*Anastas*": "having risen up/getting up/standing up", "*poreusomai*": "I will go/travel/journey", "*pros*": "to/toward/unto", "*patera*": "father", "*erō*": "I will say/tell/speak", "*hēmarton*": "I sinned/did wrong", "*ouranon*": "heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "before/in the sight of/in the presence of" } } 19 { "verseID": "Luke.15.19", "source": "Καὶ οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου: ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου.", "text": "And no-longer *eimi* *axios* *klēthēnai* *huios* of-you: *poiēson* me as one of-the *misthiōn* of-you.", "grammar": { "*eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I am", "*axios*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - worthy", "*klēthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be called", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*poiēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - make", "με": "personal pronoun, accusative, 1st person singular - me", "*misthiōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of hired servants" }, "variants": { "*eimi*": "I am/exist", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving", "*klēthēnai*": "to be called/named", "*huios*": "son", "*poiēson*": "make/consider/treat", "*misthiōn*": "hired servants/workers" } } 20 { "verseID": "Luke.15.20", "source": "Καὶ ἀναστὰς, ἦλθεν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ. Ἔτι δὲ αὐτοῦ μακρὰν ἀπέχοντος, εἶδεν αὐτὸν ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐσπλαγχνίσθη, καὶ δραμὼν, ἐπέπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ κατεφίλησεν αὐτόν.", "text": "And *anastas*, *ēlthen* *pros* the *patera* of-him. Yet *de* of-him *makran* *apechontos*, *eiden* him the *patēr* of-him, and *esplanchnisthē*, and *dramōn*, *epepesen* upon the *trachēlon* of-him, and *katephilēsen* him.", "grammar": { "*anastas*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having risen up", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he came/went", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*patera*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - father", "αὐτοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*makran*": "adverb - far/distant", "*apechontos*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - being distant", "*eiden*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he saw", "*patēr*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - father", "*esplanchnisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he was moved with compassion", "*dramōn*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having run", "*epepesen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he fell upon", "*trachēlon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - neck", "*katephilēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he kissed earnestly" }, "variants": { "*anastas*": "having risen up/getting up/standing up", "*ēlthen*": "came/went/returned", "*pros*": "to/toward/unto", "*patera*": "father", "*makran*": "far/distant/away", "*apechontos*": "being distant/being away/far off", "*eiden*": "saw/beheld/noticed", "*patēr*": "father", "*esplanchnisthē*": "was moved with compassion/felt compassion/had pity", "*dramōn*": "having run/rushing", "*epepesen*": "fell upon/embraced", "*trachēlon*": "neck", "*katephilēsen*": "kissed earnestly/kissed tenderly/embraced" } } 21 { "verseID": "Luke.15.21", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ υἱὸς, Πάτερ, ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ ἐνώπιόν σου, καὶ οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου.", "text": "*Eipen* *de* to-him the *huios*, *Pater*, *hēmarton* against the *ouranon*, and *enōpion* of-you, and no-longer *eimi* *axios* *klēthēnai* *huios* of-you.", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "αὐτῷ": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "*Pater*": "noun, masculine singular, vocative - Father", "*hēmarton*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I sinned", "*ouranon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in the sight of", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I am", "*axios*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - worthy", "*klēthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be called", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son" }, "variants": { "*Eipen*": "said/spoke", "*huios*": "son", "*hēmarton*": "I sinned/did wrong", "*ouranon*": "heaven/sky", "*enōpion*": "before/in the sight of/in the presence of", "*eimi*": "I am/exist", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving", "*klēthēnai*": "to be called/named" } } 22 { "verseID": "Luke.15.22", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ ὁ πατὴρ πρὸς τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ, Ἐξενέγκατε τὴν στολὴν τὴν πρώτην, καὶ ἐνδύσατε αὐτόν· καὶ δότε δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ὑποδήματα εἰς τοὺς πόδας:", "text": "*Eipen* *de* the *patēr* *pros* the *doulous* of-him, *Exenengate* the *stolēn* the *prōtēn*, and *endysate* him; and *dote* *daktylion* into the *cheira* of-him, and *hypodēmata* into the *podas*:", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*patēr*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - father", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*doulous*": "noun, masculine plural, accusative - servants/slaves", "αὐτοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*Exenengate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - bring out", "*stolēn*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - robe", "*prōtēn*": "adjective, feminine singular, accusative - best/first", "*endysate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - clothe", "*dote*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - give", "*daktylion*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - ring", "*cheira*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - hand", "*hypodēmata*": "noun, neuter plural, accusative - sandals", "*podas*": "noun, masculine plural, accusative - feet" }, "variants": { "*Eipen*": "said/spoke", "*patēr*": "father", "*pros*": "to/toward/unto", "*doulous*": "servants/slaves/bondservants", "*Exenengate*": "bring out/bring forth", "*stolēn*": "robe/garment", "*prōtēn*": "best/first/finest", "*endysate*": "clothe/dress/put on", "*dote*": "give/provide", "*daktylion*": "ring/signet", "*cheira*": "hand", "*hypodēmata*": "sandals/shoes", "*podas*": "feet" } } 23 { "verseID": "Luke.15.23", "source": "Καὶ ἐνέγκαντες τὸν μόσχον τὸν σιτευτὸν, θύσατε· καὶ φαγόντες, εὐφρανθῶμεν:", "text": "And *enengantos* the *moschon* the *siteuton*, *thysate*; and *phagontes*, *euphranthōmen*:", "grammar": { "*enengantos*": "aorist active participle, masculine plural, nominative - having brought", "*moschon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - calf", "*siteuton*": "adjective, masculine singular, accusative - fattened", "*thysate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - kill/slaughter", "*phagontes*": "aorist active participle, masculine plural, nominative - having eaten", "*euphranthōmen*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us celebrate/rejoice" }, "variants": { "*enengantos*": "having brought/carried/fetched", "*moschon*": "calf/young bull", "*siteuton*": "fattened/fatted", "*thysate*": "kill/slaughter/sacrifice", "*phagontes*": "having eaten/consumed", "*euphranthōmen*": "let us celebrate/rejoice/be merry" } } 24 { "verseID": "Luke.15.24", "source": "Ὅτι οὗτος ὁ υἱός μου νεκρὸς ἦν, καὶ ἀνέζησεν· καὶ ἀπολωλὼς ἦν, καὶ εὑρέθη. Καὶ ἤρξαντο εὐφραίνεσθαι.", "text": "For this the *huios* of-me *nekros* *ēn*, and *anezēsen*; and *apolōlōs* *ēn*, and *heurethē*. And *ērxanto* *euphrainesthai*.", "grammar": { "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "μου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st person singular - of me", "*nekros*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - dead", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was", "*anezēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came to life again", "*apolōlōs*": "perfect active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having been lost", "*heurethē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was found", "*ērxanto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they began", "*euphrainesthai*": "present passive infinitive - to celebrate/rejoice" }, "variants": { "*huios*": "son", "*nekros*": "dead/lifeless", "*anezēsen*": "came to life again/revived/became alive again", "*apolōlōs*": "having been lost/perished/gone astray", "*heurethē*": "was found/discovered", "*ērxanto*": "began/started", "*euphrainesthai*": "to celebrate/rejoice/be merry/make merry" } } 25 { "verseID": "Luke.15.25", "source": "Ἦν δὲ ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ πρεσβύτερος ἐν ἀγρῷ: καὶ ὡς ἐρχόμενος ἤγγισεν τῇ οἰκίᾳ, ἤκουσεν συμφωνίας καὶ χορῶν.", "text": "*Ēn* *de* the *huios* of-him the *presbyteros* in *agrō*: and as *erchomenos* *ēngisen* to-the *oikia*, *ēkousen* of-*symphōnias* and of-*chorōn*.", "grammar": { "*Ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "αὐτοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*presbyteros*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative, comparative - elder/older", "*agrō*": "noun, masculine singular, dative - field", "*erchomenos*": "present middle participle, masculine singular, nominative - coming", "*ēngisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he drew near", "*oikia*": "noun, feminine singular, dative - house", "*ēkousen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he heard", "*symphōnias*": "noun, feminine singular, genitive - of music", "*chorōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of dancing" }, "variants": { "*huios*": "son", "*presbyteros*": "elder/older", "*agrō*": "field/farm/land", "*erchomenos*": "coming/approaching", "*ēngisen*": "drew near/approached/came close", "*oikia*": "house/home", "*ēkousen*": "heard/listened to", "*symphōnias*": "music/symphony/harmony", "*chorōn*": "dancing/dances" } } 26 { "verseID": "Luke.15.26", "source": "Καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος ἕνα τῶν παίδων, ἐπυνθάνετο τί εἴη ταῦτα.", "text": "And *proskalesamenos* one of-the *paidōn*, *epynthaneto* what *eiē* these-things.", "grammar": { "*proskalesamenos*": "aorist middle participle, masculine singular, nominative - having called to himself", "*paidōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of servants/children", "*epynthaneto*": "imperfect middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he was inquiring", "*eiē*": "present active optative, 3rd person singular of *eimi* - might be" }, "variants": { "*proskalesamenos*": "having called to himself/summoned", "*paidōn*": "servants/children/young servants", "*epynthaneto*": "was inquiring/asking/investigating", "*eiē*": "might be/could be" } } 27 { "verseID": "Luke.15.27", "source": "Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, ὅτι Ὁ ἀδελφός σου ἥκει· καὶ ἔθυσεν ὁ πατήρ σου τὸν μόσχον τὸν σιτευτόν, ὅτι ὑγιαίνοντα αὐτὸν ἀπέλαβεν.", "text": "He *de* *eipen* to-him, that The *adelphos* of-you *hēkei*; and *ethysen* the *patēr* of-you the *moschon* the *siteuton*, for *hygiainonta* him *apelaben*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "αὐτῷ": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*adelphos*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - brother", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*hēkei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - he has come", "*ethysen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he killed/slaughtered", "*patēr*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - father", "*moschon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - calf", "*siteuton*": "adjective, masculine singular, accusative - fattened", "*hygiainonta*": "present active participle, masculine singular, accusative - being well/healthy", "*apelaben*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he received back" }, "variants": { "*eipen*": "said/spoke", "*adelphos*": "brother", "*hēkei*": "has come/has arrived/is here", "*ethysen*": "killed/slaughtered/sacrificed", "*patēr*": "father", "*moschon*": "calf/young bull", "*siteuton*": "fattened/fatted", "*hygiainonta*": "being well/healthy/in good health", "*apelaben*": "received back/got back/welcomed back" } } 28 { "verseID": "Luke.15.28", "source": "Ὠργίσθη δέ, καὶ οὐκ ἤθελεν εἰσελθεῖν: ὁ οὖν πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἐξελθὼν, παρεκάλει αὐτόν.", "text": "*Ōrgisthē* *de*, and not *ēthelen* *eiselthein*: the therefore *patēr* of-him *exelthōn*, *parekalei* him.", "grammar": { "*Ōrgisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he was angered", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*ēthelen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he was willing/wanting", "*eiselthein*": "aorist active infinitive - to enter/go in", "*patēr*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - father", "αὐτοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*exelthōn*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having gone out", "*parekalei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he was entreating" }, "variants": { "*Ōrgisthē*": "was angered/became angry/was enraged", "*ēthelen*": "was willing/wanting/wishing", "*eiselthein*": "to enter/go in/come in", "*patēr*": "father", "*exelthōn*": "having gone out/coming out", "*parekalei*": "was entreating/begging/urging" } } 29 { "verseID": "Luke.15.29", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν τῷ πατρί, Ἰδού, τοσαῦτα ἔτη δουλεύω σοι, καὶ οὐδέποτε ἐντολήν σου παρῆλθον: καὶ ἐμοὶ οὐδέποτε ἔδωκας ἔριφον, ἵνα μετὰ τῶν φίλων μου εὐφρανθῶ:", "text": "He *de* *apokritheis* *eipen* to-the *patri*, *Idou*, so-many *etē* *douleuō* to-you, and never *entolēn* of-you *parēlthon*: and to-me never *edōkas* *eriphon*, that with the *philōn* of-me *euphranthō*:", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*apokritheis*": "aorist passive participle, masculine singular, nominative - having answered", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*patri*": "noun, masculine singular, dative - father", "*Idou*": "aorist middle imperative, 2nd person singular - look/behold", "*etē*": "noun, neuter plural, accusative - years", "*douleuō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I serve", "σοι": "personal pronoun, dative, 2nd person singular - to you", "*entolēn*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - commandment", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*parēlthon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I disregarded/transgressed", "ἐμοὶ": "personal pronoun, dative, 1st person singular - to me", "*edōkas*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person singular - you gave", "*eriphon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - young goat", "*philōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of friends", "μου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st person singular - of me", "*euphranthō*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 1st person singular - I might celebrate/rejoice" }, "variants": { "*apokritheis*": "having answered/responded", "*eipen*": "said/spoke", "*patri*": "father", "*Idou*": "look/behold/see", "*etē*": "years", "*douleuō*": "I serve/work for/slave for", "*entolēn*": "commandment/order/instruction", "*parēlthon*": "I disregarded/transgressed/disobeyed", "*edōkas*": "you gave/provided", "*eriphon*": "young goat/kid", "*philōn*": "friends", "*euphranthō*": "I might celebrate/rejoice/make merry" } } 30 { "verseID": "Luke.15.30", "source": "Ὅτε δὲ ὁ υἱός σου οὗτος ὁ καταφαγών σου τὸν βίον μετὰ πορνῶν, ἦλθεν, ἔθυσας αὐτῷ τὸν μόσχον τὸν σιτευτόν.", "text": "When *de* the *huios* of-you this the *kataphagōn* of-you the *bion* with *pornōn*, *ēlthen*, *ethysas* for-him the *moschon* the *siteuton*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*huios*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - son", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*kataphagōn*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having devoured", "*bion*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - property/living", "*pornōn*": "noun, feminine plural, genitive - of prostitutes", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he came", "*ethysas*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person singular - you killed/slaughtered", "αὐτῷ": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - for him", "*moschon*": "noun, masculine singular, accusative - calf", "*siteuton*": "adjective, masculine singular, accusative - fattened" }, "variants": { "*huios*": "son", "*kataphagōn*": "having devoured/consumed/squandered", "*bion*": "property/living/livelihood/wealth", "*pornōn*": "prostitutes/harlots", "*ēlthen*": "came/arrived", "*ethysas*": "you killed/slaughtered/sacrificed", "*moschon*": "calf/young bull", "*siteuton*": "fattened/fatted" } } 31 { "verseID": "Luke.15.31", "source": "Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Τέκνον, σὺ πάντοτε μετʼ ἐμοῦ εἶ, καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐμὰ σά ἐστιν.", "text": "He *de* *eipen* to-him, *Teknon*, you *pantote* with me *ei*, and *panta* the things of-me yours *estin*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "αὐτῷ": "personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*Teknon*": "noun, neuter singular, vocative - Child", "σὺ": "personal pronoun, nominative, 2nd person singular - you", "*pantote*": "adverb - always", "ἐμοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st person singular - me", "*ei*": "present active indicative, 2nd person singular of *eimi* - you are", "*panta*": "adjective, neuter plural, nominative - all things", "τὰ ἐμὰ": "possessive pronoun, neuter plural, nominative - my things", "σά": "possessive pronoun, neuter plural, nominative - yours", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular of *eimi* - is" }, "variants": { "*eipen*": "said/spoke", "*Teknon*": "Child/Son", "*pantote*": "always/at all times", "*ei*": "you are/exist", "*panta*": "all things/everything" } } 32 { "verseID": "Luke.15.32", "source": "Εὐφρανθῆναι δὲ, καὶ χαρῆναι ἔδει: ὅτι ὁ ἀδελφός σου οὗτος νεκρὸς ἦν, καὶ ἀνέζησεν· καὶ ἀπολωλὼς ἦν, καὶ εὑρέθη.", "text": "*Euphranthēnai* *de*, and *charēnai* was-*edei*: for the *adelphos* of-you this *nekros* *ēn*, and *anezēsen*; and *apolōlōs* *ēn*, and *heurethē*.", "grammar": { "*Euphranthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to celebrate/rejoice", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*charēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be glad", "*edei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - it was necessary", "*adelphos*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - brother", "σου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*nekros*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - dead", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular of *eimi* - was", "*anezēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came to life again", "*apolōlōs*": "perfect active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having been lost", "*heurethē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was found" }, "variants": { "*Euphranthēnai*": "to celebrate/rejoice/make merry", "*charēnai*": "to be glad/rejoice/be joyful", "*edei*": "it was necessary/it was proper/it was fitting", "*adelphos*": "brother", "*nekros*": "dead/lifeless", "*anezēsen*": "came to life again/revived/became alive again", "*apolōlōs*": "having been lost/gone astray/perished", "*heurethē*": "was found/discovered" } }
• Judg 9:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Judges.9.7", "source": "וַיַּגִּדוּ לְיוֹתָם וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיַּעֲמֹד בְּרֹאשׁ הַר־גְּרִזִים וַיִּשָּׂא קוֹלוֹ וַיִּקְרָא וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם שִׁמְעוּ אֵלַי בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע אֲלֵיכֶם אֱלֹהִים", "text": "*wa-yaggidû* *lə-yôtām* *wa-yēlek* *wa-yaʿămōd* *bə-rōʾš* *har*-*gərizzîm* *wa-yiśśāʾ* *qôlô* *wa-yiqrāʾ* *wa-yōʾmer* *lāhem* *šimʿû* *ʾēlay* *baʿălê* *šəkem* *wə-yišmaʿ* *ʾălêkem* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yaggidû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they told", "*lə-yôtām*": "preposition with proper noun - to Jotham", "*wa-yēlek*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he went", "*wa-yaʿămōd*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he stood", "*bə-rōʾš*": "preposition with construct noun, masculine singular - on top of", "*har*": "construct noun, masculine singular - mountain of", "*gərizzîm*": "proper noun - Gerizim", "*wa-yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he lifted", "*qôlô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his voice", "*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he called", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*šimʿû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - listen", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition with 1cs suffix - to me", "*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*wə-yišmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with conjunction - and may he listen", "*ʾălêkem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - to you", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiśśāʾ* *qôlô*": "lifted up his voice (idiom for speaking loudly)", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings" } } 8 { "verseID": "Judges.9.8", "source": "הָלוֹךְ הָלְכוּ הָעֵצִים לִמְשֹׁחַ עֲלֵיהֶם מֶלֶךְ וַיֹּאמְרוּ לַזַּיִת מָלְכָה עָלֵינוּ", "text": "*hālôk* *hāləkû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *li-mšōaḥ* *ʿălêhem* *melek* *wa-yōʾmərû* *la-zzayit* *molkāh* *ʿālênû*", "grammar": { "*hālôk*": "Qal infinitive absolute - going", "*hāləkû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - they went", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*li-mšōaḥ*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct - to anoint", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - over themselves", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said", "*la-zzayit*": "preposition with article and noun, masculine singular - to the olive tree", "*molkāh*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule (textual variant)", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us" }, "variants": { "*hālôk* *hāləkû*": "emphatic construction: certainly went/surely went", "*la-zzayit*": "to the olive tree/olive tree", "*molkāh*": "alternative form of the imperative feminine singular - reign/rule" } } 9 { "verseID": "Judges.9.9", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַזַּיִת הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־דִּשְׁנִי אֲשֶׁר־בִּי יְכַבְּדוּ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-zzayit* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*dišnî* *ʾăšer*-*bî* *yəkabbədû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*ha-zzayit*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the olive tree", "*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dišnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my fatness", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*bî*": "preposition with 1cs suffix - in me/by me", "*yəkabbədû*": "Piel imperfect 3mp - they honor", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wa-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and men", "*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go", "*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees" }, "variants": { "*heḥodalti*": "I have ceased/should I cease/would I stop", "*dišnî*": "my fatness/my oil/my richness", "*yəkabbədû*": "they honor/glorify/respect" } } 10 { "verseID": "Judges.9.10", "source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָעֵצִים לַתְּאֵנָה לְכִי־אַתְּ מָלְכִי עָלֵינוּ", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *la-ttəʾēnāh* *ləkî*-*ʾatt* *molkî* *ʿālênû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*la-ttəʾēnāh*": "preposition with article and noun, feminine singular - to the fig tree", "*ləkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - come/go", "*ʾatt*": "2fs personal pronoun - you", "*molkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us" }, "variants": { "*ləkî*-*ʾatt*": "you come/come, you" } } 11 { "verseID": "Judges.9.11", "source": "וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַתְּאֵנָה הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־מָתְקִי וְאֶת־תְּנוּבָתִי הַטּוֹבָה וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים", "text": "*wa-tōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-ttəʾēnāh* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*motqî* *wə-ʾet*-*tənûbātî* *ha-ṭṭôbāh* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3fs with waw consecutive - and she said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*ha-ttəʾēnāh*": "article with noun, feminine singular - the fig tree", "*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*motqî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my sweetness", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction with direct object marker - and", "*tənûbātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my fruit", "*ha-ṭṭôbāh*": "article with adjective, feminine singular - the good", "*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go", "*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees" }, "variants": { "*heḥodalti*": "I have ceased/should I cease/would I stop", "*motqî*": "my sweetness/my good taste", "*tənûbātî*": "my fruit/my produce" } } 12 { "verseID": "Judges.9.12", "source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָעֵצִים לַגָּפֶן לְכִי־אַתְּ מָלְכִי עָלֵינוּ", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *la-ggāpen* *ləkî*-*ʾatt* *molkî* *ʿālênû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*la-ggāpen*": "preposition with article and noun, feminine singular - to the vine", "*ləkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - come/go", "*ʾatt*": "2fs personal pronoun - you", "*molkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us" }, "variants": { "*la-ggāpen*": "to the vine/grapevine" } } 13 { "verseID": "Judges.9.13", "source": "וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַגֶּפֶן הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־תִּירוֹשִׁי הַמְשַׂמֵּחַ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים", "text": "*wa-tōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-ggepen* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*tîrôšî* *ha-məśammēaḥ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3fs with waw consecutive - and she said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*ha-ggepen*": "article with noun, feminine singular - the vine", "*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tîrôšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my new wine", "*ha-məśammēaḥ*": "article with Piel participle, masculine singular - the gladdening", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wa-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and men", "*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go", "*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees" }, "variants": { "*tîrôšî*": "my new wine/my fresh wine/my juice", "*ha-məśammēaḥ*": "that cheers/that makes glad/that brings joy to" } } 14 { "verseID": "Judges.9.14", "source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ כָל־הָעֵצִים אֶל־הָאָטָד לֵךְ אַתָּה מְלָךְ־עָלֵינוּ", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *kol*-*hā-ʿēṣîm* *ʾel*-*hā-ʾāṭād* *lēk* *ʾattāh* *məlok*-*ʿālênû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush", "*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - come/go", "*ʾattāh*": "2ms personal pronoun - you", "*məlok*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - rule", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us" }, "variants": { "*hā-ʾāṭād*": "the bramble/thornbush/buckthorn" } } 15 { "verseID": "Judges.9.15", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר הָאָטָד אֶל־הָעֵצִים אִם בֶּאֱמֶת אַתֶּם מֹשְׁחִים אֹתִי לְמֶלֶךְ עֲלֵיכֶם בֹּאוּ חֲסוּ בְצִלִּי וְאִם־אַיִן תֵּצֵא אֵשׁ מִן־הָאָטָד וְתֹאכַל אֶת־אַרְזֵי הַלְּבָנוֹן", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *hā-ʾāṭād* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿēṣîm* *ʾim* *be-ʾĕmet* *ʾattem* *mōšḥîm* *ʾōtî* *lə-melek* *ʿălêkem* *bōʾû* *ḥăsû* *bə-ṣillî* *wə-ʾim*-*ʾayin* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* *min*-*hā-ʾāṭād* *wə-tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*ʾarzê* *ha-lləbānôn*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said", "*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*be-ʾĕmet*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - in truth", "*ʾattem*": "2mp personal pronoun - you", "*mōšḥîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - anointing", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1cs suffix - me", "*lə-melek*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - as king", "*ʿălêkem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - over you", "*bōʾû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - come", "*ḥăsû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - take refuge", "*bə-ṣillî*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 1cs suffix - in my shadow", "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction with conjunction - and if", "*ʾayin*": "adverb of negation - not", "*tēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3fs - let come out", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush", "*wə-tōʾkal*": "conjunction with Qal imperfect 3fs - and let it devour", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾarzê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - cedars of", "*ha-lləbānôn*": "article with proper noun - the Lebanon" }, "variants": { "*be-ʾĕmet*": "in truth/truly/sincerely", "*ḥăsû* *bə-ṣillî*": "take refuge in my shadow/seek protection under me", "*ʾarzê* *ha-lləbānôn*": "cedars of Lebanon (idiom for mighty trees/powerful entities)" } }
• 2 Sam 7:1-5 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.7.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י כִּי־יָשַׁ֥ב הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ בְּבֵית֑וֹ וַיהוָ֛ה הֵנִֽיחַ־ל֥וֹ מִסָּבִ֖יב מִכָּל־אֹיְבָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* when *yāšaḇ* the *meleḵ* in *bêṯô*, and *YHWH* *hēnîaḥ* to him from around from all *ʾōyəḇāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and it happened/came to pass'", "*yāšaḇ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'sat/dwelled/resided'", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'", "*bêṯô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his house'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hēnîaḥ*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'caused to rest/gave rest'", "*ʾōyəḇāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his enemies'" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it came to pass/and it happened", "*yāšaḇ*": "sat/dwelled/resided/settled", "*hēnîaḥ*": "gave rest/granted peace/provided tranquility" } } 2 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.7.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֶל־נָתָ֣ן הַנָּבִ֔יא רְאֵ֣ה נָ֔א אָנֹכִ֥י יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּבֵ֣ית אֲרָזִ֑ים וַֽאֲרוֹן֙ הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים יֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיְרִיעָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayōʾmer* the *meleḵ* to *nāṯān* the *nāḇîʾ*, *rəʾēh nāʾ* *ʾānōḵî* *yôšēḇ* in *bêṯ* of *ʾărāzîm*, and *ʾărôn* the *ʾĕlōhîm* *yōšēḇ* in *tôḵ* the *yərîʿāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'", "*nāṯān*": "proper noun - 'Nathan'", "*nāḇîʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the prophet'", "*rəʾēh nāʾ*": "verb, qal imperative + particle of entreaty - 'see, please/now'", "*ʾānōḵî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - 'I'", "*yôšēḇ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - 'dwelling/sitting'", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'house of'", "*ʾărāzîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'cedars'", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular - 'ark'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - 'God/the deity'", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'midst of'", "*yərîʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the curtain/tent cloth'" }, "variants": { "*yôšēḇ*": "dwelling/sitting/residing", "*ʾărāzîm*": "cedars/cedar wood panels", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*yərîʿāh*": "curtain/tent cloth/hanging" } } 3 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.7.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר נָתָן֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּֽלְבָבְךָ֖ לֵ֣ךְ עֲשֵׂ֑ה כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עִמָּֽךְ׃ ס", "text": "And *wayōʾmer* *nāṯān* to the *meleḵ*, *kōl* which in *liḇāḇəḵā* *lēḵ* *ʿăśēh*, for *YHWH* *ʿimmāḵ*.", "grammar": { "*wayōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*nāṯān*": "proper noun - 'Nathan'", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'all of/everything'", "*liḇāḇəḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your heart'", "*lēḵ*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - 'go'", "*ʿăśēh*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - 'do/make'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʿimmāḵ*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'with you'" }, "variants": { "*kōl*": "all/everything/whatever", "*liḇāḇəḵā*": "your heart/mind/inner desire" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.7.4", "source": "וַיְהִ֖י בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַה֑וּא וַֽיְהִי֙ דְּבַר־יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־נָתָ֖ן לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* in the *laylāh* *hahûʾ*, and *wayəhî* *ḏəḇar-YHWH* to *nāṯān* *lēʾmōr*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and it happened/came to pass'", "*laylāh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the night'", "*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - 'that'", "*ḏəḇar-YHWH*": "noun construct + divine name - 'word of YHWH'", "*nāṯān*": "proper noun - 'Nathan'", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - 'saying/to say'" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it came to pass/and it happened", "*ḏəḇar*": "word/matter/thing/speech" } } 5 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.7.5", "source": "לֵ֤ךְ וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ אֶל־עַבְדִּ֣י אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה הַאַתָּ֛ה תִּבְנֶה־לִּ֥י בַ֖יִת לְשִׁבְתִּֽי׃", "text": "*Lēḵ* and *wəʾāmartā* to *ʿaḇdî* to *dāwiḏ*, *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, *haʾattāh* *tiḇneh-lî* *bayiṯ* for *šiḇtî*?", "grammar": { "*Lēḵ*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - 'go'", "*wəʾāmartā*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'and you shall say'", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my servant'", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - 'David'", "*kōh*": "adverb - 'thus/so'", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'said'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*haʾattāh*": "interrogative particle + pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - 'you?'" }, "variants": { "*tiḇneh-lî*": "will you build for me", "*šiḇtî*": "my dwelling/my residing/my sitting" } }
• 2 Sam 7:17 : 17 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.7.17", "source": "כְּכֹל֙ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה וּכְכֹ֖ל הַחִזָּי֣וֹן הַזֶּ֑ה כֵּ֛ן דִּבֶּ֥ר נָתָ֖ן אֶל־דָּוִֽד׃ ס", "text": "According to *kǝḵōl* the *dǝḇārîm* *hāʾēlleh* and according to *ûḵəḵōl* the *ḥizzāyôn* *hazzeh*, so *dibbēr* *nāṯān* to *dāwid*.", "grammar": { "*kǝḵōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - 'according to all of'", "*dǝḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - 'the words'", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective, plural - 'these'", "*ûḵəḵōl*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - 'and according to all of'", "*ḥizzāyôn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the vision'", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - 'this'", "*dibbēr*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'spoke'", "*nāṯān*": "proper noun - 'Nathan'", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - 'David'" }, "variants": { "*dǝḇārîm*": "words/sayings/things/matters", "*ḥizzāyôn*": "vision/revelation/oracle" } }
• 2 Sam 11:10-17 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.10", "source": "וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ לְדָוִד֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹֽא־יָרַ֥ד אוּרִיָּ֖ה אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־אוּרִיָּ֗ה הֲל֤וֹא מִדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אַתָּ֣ה בָ֔א מַדּ֖וּעַ לֹֽא־יָרַ֥דְתָּ אֶל־בֵּיתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*wa-yaggîdû lə-Dāwid lēʾmōr lōʾ-yārad ʾÛrîyâ ʾel-bêytô* and *wa-yōʾmer Dāwid ʾel-ʾÛrîyâ hălôʾ mi-derech ʾattâ bāʾ madûaʿ lōʾ-yāradtā ʾel-bêytechā*", "grammar": { "*wa-yaggîdû*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural hiphil - and they told", "*lə-Dāwid*": "preposition lamed + proper noun - to David", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ-yārad*": "negation + perfect 3rd masculine singular - did not go down", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negation - is it not that", "*mi-derech*": "preposition min + noun feminine singular - from a journey", "*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun 2nd masculine singular - you", "*bāʾ*": "participle masculine singular - coming", "*madûaʿ*": "interrogative - why", "*lōʾ-yāradtā*": "negation + perfect 2nd masculine singular - you did not go down", "*ʾel-bêytechā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to your house" }, "variants": { "*yaggîdû*": "told/reported/informed", "*mi-derech*": "from a journey/from travel/from the road", "*madûaʿ*": "why/for what reason" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אוּרִיָּ֜ה אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד הָ֠אָרוֹן וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל וִֽיהוּדָ֜ה יֹשְׁבִ֣ים בַּסֻּכּ֗וֹת וַאדֹנִ֨י יוֹאָ֜ב וְעַבְדֵ֤י אֲדֹנִ֨י עַל־פְּנֵ֤י הַשָּׂדֶה֙ חֹנִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֞י אָב֧וֹא אֶל־בֵּיתִ֛י לֶאֱכֹ֥ל וְלִשְׁתּ֖וֹת וְלִשְׁכַּ֣ב עִם־אִשְׁתִּ֑י חַיֶּ֙ךָ֙ וְחֵ֣י נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָ אִֽם־אֶעֱשֶׂ֖ה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer ʾÛrîyâ ʾel-Dāwid hā-ʾārôn wə-Yisrāʾēl wi-Yhûdâ yōshbîm ba-sukkôt wa-ʾadōnî Yôʾāb wə-ʿabdê ʾadōnî ʿal-pənê ha-sādeh chōnîm wa-ʾănî ʾābôʾ ʾel-bêytî le-ʾechōl wə-lishtôt wə-lishkab ʿim-ʾishtî chayyechā wə-chêy nafshechā ʾim-ʾeʿĕseh ʾet-ha-dābār ha-zeh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*hā-ʾārôn*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the ark", "*wə-Yisrāʾēl*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Israel", "*wi-Yhûdâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Judah", "*yōshbîm*": "participle masculine plural - dwelling/staying", "*ba-sukkôt*": "preposition bet + noun feminine plural - in booths/tents", "*wa-ʾadōnî*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - and my lord", "*wə-ʿabdê*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural construct - and servants of", "*ʿal-pənê*": "preposition + noun common plural construct - upon the face of", "*ha-sādeh*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the field", "*chōnîm*": "participle masculine plural - encamping/camping", "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + personal pronoun 1st common singular - and I", "*ʾābôʾ*": "imperfect 1st common singular - shall I come/go", "*le-ʾechōl*": "preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*wə-lishtôt*": "conjunction + preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - and to drink", "*wə-lishkab*": "conjunction + preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - and to lie", "*ʿim-ʾishtî*": "preposition + noun feminine singular + 1st common singular suffix - with my wife", "*chayyechā*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - by your life", "*wə-chêy*": "conjunction + construct state - and by the life of", "*nafshechā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your soul", "*ʾim-ʾeʿĕseh*": "particle + imperfect 1st common singular - if I will do", "*ha-dābār ha-zeh*": "the thing the this - this thing" }, "variants": { "*hā-ʾārôn*": "the ark [of the covenant]", "*sukkôt*": "booths/tents/temporary shelters", "*ʿal-pənê ha-sādeh*": "in the open field/on the battlefield", "*chōnîm*": "encamping/camping/bivouacking", "*chayyechā wə-chêy nafshechā*": "by your life and by the life of your soul [oath formula]", "*ʾim-ʾeʿĕseh*": "if I do [negative oath formula: I will surely not do]" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־אוּרִיָּ֗ה שֵׁ֥ב בָּזֶּ֛ה גַּם־הַיּ֖וֹם וּמָחָ֣ר אֲשַׁלְּחֶ֑ךָּ וַיֵּ֨שֶׁב אוּרִיָּ֧ה בִירוּשָׁלַ֛͏ִם בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא וּמִֽמָּחֳרָֽת׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer Dāwid ʾel-ʾÛrîyâ shēb bā-zeh gam-ha-yôm û-māchār ʾăshallĕchekā* and *wa-yēsheb ʾÛrîyâ bi-Yrûshālaim ba-yôm ha-hûʾ û-mi-māchŏrāt*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*shēb*": "imperative masculine singular - remain/stay", "*bā-zeh*": "preposition bet + demonstrative pronoun - in this [place]", "*gam-ha-yôm*": "particle + definite article + noun masculine singular - also today", "*û-māchār*": "conjunction + adverb - and tomorrow", "*ʾăshallĕchekā*": "imperfect 1st common singular piel + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will send you away", "*wa-yēsheb*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he stayed", "*bi-Yrûshālaim*": "preposition bet + proper noun - in Jerusalem", "*ba-yôm ha-hûʾ*": "preposition bet + definite article + noun masculine singular + definite article + pronoun - in that day", "*û-mi-māchŏrāt*": "conjunction + preposition min + noun feminine singular - and on the next day" }, "variants": { "*shēb*": "stay/remain/dwell", "*ʾăshallĕchekā*": "I will send you away/dismiss you/let you go", "*ba-yôm ha-hûʾ*": "on that day/at that time", "*û-mi-māchŏrāt*": "and on the next day/and on the morrow" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.13", "source": "וַיִּקְרָא־ל֣וֹ דָוִ֗ד וַיֹּ֧אכַל לְפָנָ֛יו וַיֵּ֖שְׁתְּ וַֽיְשַׁכְּרֵ֑הוּ וַיֵּצֵ֣א בָעֶ֗רֶב לִשְׁכַּ֤ב בְּמִשְׁכָּבוֹ֙ עִם־עַבְדֵ֣י אֲדֹנָ֔יו וְאֶל־בֵּית֖וֹ לֹ֥א יָרָֽד׃", "text": "*wa-yiqrāʾ-lô Dāwid* and *wa-yōʾchal lə-fānāyw* and *wa-yēsht* and *wa-yshakkrēhû* and *wa-yēṣēʾ bā-ʿereb li-shkab bə-mishkābô ʿim-ʿabdê ʾădōnāyw wə-ʾel-bêytô lōʾ yārād*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiqrāʾ-lô*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular + preposition lamed + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he called to him", "*wa-yōʾchal*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he ate", "*lə-fānāyw*": "preposition lamed + noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - before him", "*wa-yēsht*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he drank", "*wa-yshakkrēhû*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular piel + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he made him drunk", "*wa-yēṣēʾ*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*bā-ʿereb*": "preposition bet + definite article + noun masculine singular - in the evening", "*li-shkab*": "preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - to lie down", "*bə-mishkābô*": "preposition bet + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his bed", "*ʿim-ʿabdê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - with the servants of", "*ʾădōnāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his master", "*wə-ʾel-bêytô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and to his house", "*lōʾ yārād*": "negation + perfect 3rd masculine singular - he did not go down" }, "variants": { "*yiqrāʾ-lô*": "invited him/called to him/summoned him", "*yōʾchal lə-fānāyw*": "ate before him/ate in his presence", "*yshakkrēhû*": "made him drunk/intoxicated him", "*mishkābô*": "his bed/couch/place to lie down" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.14", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י בַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיִּכְתֹּ֥ב דָּוִ֛ד סֵ֖פֶר אֶל־יוֹאָ֑ב וַיִּשְׁלַ֖ח בְּיַ֥ד אוּרִיָּֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yhiy ba-bōqer* and *wa-yichtōb Dāwid sēfer ʾel-Yôʾāb* and *wa-yishlach bə-yad ʾÛrîyâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yhiy*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*ba-bōqer*": "preposition bet + definite article + noun masculine singular - in the morning", "*wa-yichtōb*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote", "*sēfer*": "noun masculine singular - letter/document", "*ʾel-Yôʾāb*": "preposition + proper noun - to Joab", "*wa-yishlach*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*bə-yad*": "preposition bet + noun feminine singular construct - by the hand of" }, "variants": { "*sēfer*": "letter/document/scroll", "*bə-yad*": "by the hand of/through/by means of" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.15", "source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֥ב בַּסֵּ֖פֶר לֵאמֹ֑ר הָב֣וּ אֶת־אֽוּרִיָּ֗ה אֶל־מוּל֙ פְּנֵ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ הַֽחֲזָקָ֔ה וְשַׁבְתֶּ֥ם מֵאַחֲרָ֖יו וְנִכָּ֥ה וָמֵֽת׃ ס", "text": "*wa-yichtōb ba-sēfer lēʾmōr hābû ʾet-ʾÛrîyâ ʾel-mûl pənê ha-milchāmâ ha-chăzāqâ wə-shabtem mē-ʾachărāyw wə-nikkâ wā-mēt*", "grammar": { "*wa-yichtōb*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote", "*ba-sēfer*": "preposition bet + definite article + noun masculine singular - in the letter", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hābû*": "imperative masculine plural - set/place", "*ʾel-mûl*": "preposition + preposition - opposite to", "*pənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - face of", "*ha-milchāmâ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the battle", "*ha-chăzāqâ*": "definite article + adjective feminine singular - the fierce", "*wə-shabtem*": "conjunction + perfect 2nd masculine plural - and you shall withdraw", "*mē-ʾachărāyw*": "preposition min + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from behind him", "*wə-nikkâ*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd masculine singular niphal - and he will be struck", "*wā-mēt*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd masculine singular - and die" }, "variants": { "*hābû*": "set/place/station/assign", "*ʾel-mûl pənê ha-milchāmâ ha-chăzāqâ*": "in front of the fiercest fighting/facing the strongest part of the battle", "*wə-shabtem mē-ʾachărāyw*": "withdraw from behind him/retreat from supporting him/pull back from him", "*wə-nikkâ wā-mēt*": "that he may be struck and die/so he will be hit and killed" } } 16 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.16", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י בִּשְׁמ֥וֹר יוֹאָ֖ב אֶל־הָעִ֑יר וַיִּתֵּן֙ אֶת־א֣וּרִיָּ֔ה אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֖יִל שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wa-yhiy bi-shmôr Yôʾāb ʾel-hā-ʿîr* and *wa-yittēn ʾet-ʾÛrîyâ ʾel-ha-māqôm ʾăsher yādaʿ kî ʾanshê-chayil shām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yhiy*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*bi-shmôr*": "preposition bet + qal infinitive construct - when observed/when watched", "*ʾel-hā-ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - at the city", "*wa-yittēn*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he assigned/placed", "*ʾel-ha-māqôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the place", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yādaʿ*": "perfect 3rd masculine singular - he knew", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾanshê-chayil*": "noun masculine plural construct + noun masculine singular - men of valor/mighty men", "*shām*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*bi-shmôr*": "when observing/when besieging/when watching", "*ʾel-hā-ʿîr*": "at the city/against the city", "*yittēn*": "assigned/placed/stationed", "*ʾanshê-chayil*": "valiant men/mighty warriors/skilled fighters" } } 17 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.17", "source": "וַיֵּ֨צְא֜וּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י הָעִיר֙ וַיִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ אֶת־יוֹאָ֔ב וַיִּפֹּ֥ל מִן־הָעָ֖ם מֵעַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַיָּ֕מָת גַּ֖ם אוּרִיָּ֥ה הַחִתִּֽי׃", "text": "*wa-yēṣəʾû ʾanshê hā-ʿîr* and *wa-yillāchămû ʾet-Yôʾāb* and *wa-yippōl min-hā-ʿām mē-ʿabdê Dāwid* and *wa-yāmāt gam ʾÛrîyâ ha-Chittî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yēṣəʾû*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went out", "*ʾanshê hā-ʿîr*": "noun masculine plural construct + definite article + noun feminine singular - men of the city", "*wa-yillāchămû*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural niphal - and they fought", "*ʾet-Yôʾāb*": "direct object marker + proper noun - with Joab", "*wa-yippōl*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and there fell", "*min-hā-ʿām*": "preposition min + definite article + noun masculine singular - from the people", "*mē-ʿabdê*": "preposition min + noun masculine plural construct - from the servants of", "*wa-yāmāt*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and died", "*gam*": "particle - also" }, "variants": { "*yēṣəʾû*": "went out/came out/sortied", "*yillāchămû*": "fought with/battled against", "*yippōl*": "fell/were killed", "*min-hā-ʿām mē-ʿabdê Dāwid*": "some of David's men/troops/servants" } }
• 2 Sam 11:25 : 25 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.11.25", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־הַמַּלְאָ֗ךְ כֹּֽה־תֹאמַ֤ר אֶל־יוֹאָב֙ אַל־יֵרַ֤ע בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־כָזֹ֥ה וְכָזֶ֖ה תֹּאכַ֣ל הֶחָ֑רֶב הַחֲזֵ֨ק מִלְחַמְתְּךָ֧ אֶל־הָעִ֛יר וְהָרְסָ֖הּ וְחַזְּקֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer Dāwid ʾel-ha-malʾāch kōh-tōʾmar ʾel-Yôʾāb ʾal-yēraʿ bə-ʿêynechā ʾet-ha-dābār ha-zeh kî-chāzōh wə-chāzeh tōʾchal he-chāreb hachăzēq milchamtəchā ʾel-hā-ʿîr wə-hārəsāh wə-chazzəqēhû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾel-ha-malʾāch*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the messenger", "*kōh-tōʾmar*": "adverb + imperfect 2nd masculine singular - thus you shall say", "*ʾel-Yôʾāb*": "preposition + proper noun - to Joab", "*ʾal-yēraʿ*": "negative particle + imperfect 3rd masculine singular qal jussive - let it not be evil", "*bə-ʿêynechā*": "preposition bet + noun feminine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your eyes", "*ʾet-ha-dābār ha-zeh*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun masculine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this matter", "*kî-chāzōh wə-chāzeh*": "conjunction + demonstrative + conjunction + demonstrative - for like this and like that", "*tōʾchal*": "imperfect 3rd feminine singular qal - devours", "*he-chāreb*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the sword", "*hachăzēq*": "imperative masculine singular hiphil - strengthen", "*milchamtəchā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your battle", "*ʾel-hā-ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - against the city", "*wə-hārəsāh*": "conjunction + imperative masculine singular qal + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and destroy it", "*wə-chazzəqēhû*": "conjunction + imperative masculine singular piel + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and encourage him" }, "variants": { "*ʾal-yēraʿ bə-ʿêynechā*": "let it not displease you/don't be upset about", "*kî-chāzōh wə-chāzeh tōʾchal he-chāreb*": "for the sword devours one as well as another/the sword takes this one and that one alike", "*hachăzēq milchamtəchā*": "strengthen your battle/press your attack harder", "*wə-hārəsāh*": "destroy it/overthrow it/demolish it", "*wə-chazzəqēhû*": "encourage him/strengthen him" } }
• 2 Sam 14:5-9 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.5", "source": "וַיֹּֽאמֶר־לָ֥הּ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מַה־לָּ֑ךְ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר אֲבָ֛ל אִשָּֽׁה־אַלְמָנָ֥ה אָ֖נִי וַיָּ֥מָת אִישִֽׁי׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* to her the *melek* what [is] to you and *ʾāmar* *ʾăbāl* *ʾiššâ-ʾalmānâ* *ʾănî* and *mûṯ* *ʾîš* my.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - said (first occurrence); qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + waw consecutive - said (second occurrence)", "*ʾăbāl*": "adverb - truly/indeed", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*mûṯ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - died", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - king", "*ʾiššâ-ʾalmānâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct + adjective - widow woman", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - husband/man" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbāl*": "truly/indeed/certainly", "*ʾalmānâ*": "widow/desolate" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.6", "source": "וּלְשִׁפְחָֽתְךָ֙ שְׁנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים וַיִּנָּצ֤וּ שְׁנֵיהֶם֙ בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וְאֵ֥ין מַצִּ֖יל בֵּֽינֵיהֶ֑ם וַיַּכּ֧וֹ הָאֶחָ֛ד אֶת־הָאֶחָ֖ד וַיָּ֥מֶת אֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And to *šipḥâ* your [were] two *bānîm* and *nāṣâ* two of them in the *śādeh* and there [was] no *maṣṣîl* between them and *nākâ* the one [direct object marker] the one and *mûṯ* [direct object marker] him.", "grammar": { "*nāṣâ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural + waw consecutive - fought/quarreled", "*nākâ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - struck", "*mûṯ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - caused to die/killed", "*šipḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - maidservant", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sons", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - field", "*maṣṣîl*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - deliverer/one who saves", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular with definite article - one", "*ʾoṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him" }, "variants": { "*šipḥâ*": "maidservant/handmaid/female slave", "*nāṣâ*": "fought/quarreled/struggled", "*maṣṣîl*": "deliverer/rescuer/one who separates", "*nākâ*": "struck/hit/attacked", "*mûṯ*": "killed/put to death" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.7", "source": "וְהִנֵּה֩ קָ֨מָה כָֽל־הַמִּשְׁפָּחָ֜ה עַל־שִׁפְחָתֶ֗ךָ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ תְּנִ֣י ׀ אֶת־מַכֵּ֣ה אָחִ֗יו וּנְמִיתֵ֙הוּ֙ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ אָחִיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָרָ֔ג וְנַשְׁמִ֖ידָה גַּ֣ם אֶת־הַיּוֹרֵ֑שׁ וְכִבּ֗וּ אֶת־גַּֽחַלְתִּי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִשְׁאָ֔רָה לְבִלְתִּ֧י שִׂים־לְאִישִׁ֛י שֵׁ֥ם וּשְׁאֵרִ֖ית עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "And *hinnēh* *qûm* all the *mišpāḥâ* against *šipḥâ* your and *ʾāmar* give [direct object marker] *nākâ* [of] *ʾāḥ* his and we will *mûṯ* him for *nepeš* [of] *ʾāḥ* his who he *hārag* and we will *šāmad* also [direct object marker] the *yôrēš* and they *kābâ* [direct object marker] *gaḥelet* my which *šāʾar* to not *śîm* to *ʾîš* my *šēm* and *šəʾērîṯ* on *pānîm* [of] the *ʾădāmâ*.", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*qûm*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - rose up/stood", "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural + waw consecutive - said", "*mûṯ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st common plural + paragogic he - we will put to death", "*hārag*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - killed/slew", "*šāmad*": "hiphil imperfect 1st common plural + paragogic he - we will destroy", "*kābâ*": "piel perfect 3rd common plural + waw consecutive - extinguished", "*šāʾar*": "niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - remained/was left", "*śîm*": "qal infinitive construct - to put/place", "*mišpāḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - family/clan", "*šipḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - maidservant", "*nākâ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular construct - one who strikes", "*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - brother", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular construct - life/soul", "*yôrēš*": "qal participle masculine singular with definite article - heir", "*gaḥelet*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - coal/ember", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - husband/man", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular - name", "*šəʾērîṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - remnant/remainder", "*pānîm*": "noun, common plural construct - face/surface", "*ʾădāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - ground/land" }, "variants": { "*qûm*": "rose up/stood up/arose against", "*mûṯ*": "put to death/kill", "*hārag*": "killed/slew/murdered", "*šāmad*": "destroy/annihilate/exterminate", "*kābâ*": "extinguished/quenched", "*gaḥelet*": "coal/ember/burning coal (metaphor for lineage/family continuation)", "*šāʾar*": "remained/was left/survived", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/memory", "*šəʾērîṯ*": "remnant/remainder/survivor" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶל־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה לְכִ֣י לְבֵיתֵ֑ךְ וַאֲנִ֖י אֲצַוֶּ֥ה עָלָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* the *melek* to the *ʾiššâ* *hālak* to *bayiṯ* your and *ʾănî* will *ṣāwâ* concerning you.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - said", "*hālak*": "qal imperative feminine singular - go", "*ṣāwâ*": "piel imperfect 1st common singular - command/give orders", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - king", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - woman", "*bayiṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - house", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular personal pronoun - I" }, "variants": { "*ṣāwâ*": "command/give orders/issue a decree" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.9", "source": "וַתֹּ֜אמֶר הָאִשָּׁ֤ה הַתְּקוֹעִית֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ עָלַ֞י אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ הֶעָוֺ֖ן וְעַל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑י וְהַמֶּ֥לֶךְ וְכִסְא֖וֹ נָקִֽי׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* the *ʾiššâ* the *Təqôʿîṯ* to the *melek* upon me *ʾădōnî* the *melek* the *ʿāwōn* and upon *bayiṯ* [of] *ʾāb* my and the *melek* and *kissēʾ* his [be] *nāqî*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + waw consecutive - said", "*ʿāwōn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - iniquity/guilt", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - innocent/free", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - woman", "*Təqôʿîṯ*": "adjective, feminine singular with definite article - Tekoite", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - king", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*bayiṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house", "*ʾāb*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - father", "*kissēʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - throne" }, "variants": { "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*nāqî*": "innocent/free/exempt" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ הַֽמְדַבֵּ֤ר אֵלַ֙יִךְ֙ וַֽהֲבֵאת֣וֹ אֵלַ֔י וְלֹֽא־יֹסִ֥יף ע֖וֹד לָגַ֥עַת בָּֽךְ׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* the *melek* the *dābar* to you and *bôʾ* him to me and not he will *yāsap* still to *nāga'* on you.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - said", "*dābar*": "piel participle masculine singular with definite article - speaker/one who speaks", "*bôʾ*": "hiphil perfect 2nd feminine singular + waw consecutive - bring", "*yāsap*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - add/continue", "*nāga'*": "qal infinitive construct - to touch/strike", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - king" }, "variants": { "*dābar*": "speaker/one who speaks", "*yāsap*": "add/continue/do again", "*nāga'*": "touch/strike/harm" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.11", "source": "וַתֹּאמֶר֩ יִזְכָּר־נָ֨א הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ מֵהַרְבַּ֞ת גֹּאֵ֤ל הַדָּם֙ לְשַׁחֵ֔ת וְלֹ֥א יַשְׁמִ֖ידוּ אֶת־בְּנִ֑י וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ חַי־יְהוָ֔ה אִם־יִפֹּ֛ל מִשַּׂעֲרַ֥ת בְּנֵ֖ךְ אָֽרְצָה׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* *zākar-nāʾ* the *melek* [direct object marker] *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhîm* your from *rābâ* *gōʾēl* the *dām* to *šāḥaṯ* and not they will *šāmad* [direct object marker] *bēn* my and *ʾāmar* [as] *ḥay-YHWH* if will *nāpal* from *śa'ărâ* [of] *bēn* your *ʾarṣâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + waw consecutive - said (first occurrence); qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - said (second occurrence)", "*zākar*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive - may he remember", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*rābâ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - multiplying/increasing", "*šāḥaṯ*": "piel infinitive construct - to destroy", "*šāmad*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will destroy", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - living/alive", "*nāpal*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it will fall", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - king", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*gōʾēl*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - redeemer/avenger", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - blood", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my son (first occurrence); noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your son (second occurrence)", "*śa'ărâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hair", "*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to the ground" }, "variants": { "*gōʾēl ha-dām*": "avenger of blood/blood redeemer", "*rābâ*": "multiplying/increasing", "*šāḥaṯ*": "destroy/ruin/corrupt", "*šāmad*": "destroy/exterminate", "*ḥay-YHWH*": "as the LORD lives (oath formula)" } }
• 2 Sam 14:14 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.14.14", "source": "כִּי־מ֣וֹת נָמ֔וּת וְכַמַּ֙יִם֙ הַנִּגָּרִ֣ים אַ֔רְצָה אֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֣א יֵאָסֵ֑פוּ וְלֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֤א אֱלֹהִים֙ נֶ֔פֶשׁ וְחָשַׁב֙ מַֽחֲשָׁב֔וֹת לְבִלְתִּ֛י יִדַּ֥ח מִמֶּ֖נּוּ נִדָּֽח׃", "text": "For *mûṯ* we will *mûṯ* and like the *mayim* the *nāgar* *ʾarṣâ* which not *ʾāsap* and not *nāśāʾ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *nepeš* and *ḥāšab* *maḥăšābâ* to not *nādaḥ* from him *niddāḥ*.", "grammar": { "*mûṯ*": "qal infinitive absolute - dying (first occurrence); qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will die (second occurrence)", "*nāgar*": "niphal participle masculine plural with definite article - poured out", "*ʾāsap*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they are gathered up", "*nāśāʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he lifts/takes away", "*ḥāšab*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - he devises", "*nādaḥ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - be banished/driven away", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - water", "*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to the ground", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul/life", "*maḥăšābâ*": "noun, feminine plural - thoughts/plans", "*niddāḥ*": "niphal participle masculine singular - banished one" }, "variants": { "*mûṯ* *mûṯ*": "surely die/dying we die (emphatic construction)", "*nāgar*": "poured out/spilled", "*ʾāsap*": "gathered up/collected", "*nāśāʾ* *nepeš*": "take away life/pardon/show favor to", "*ḥāšab* *maḥăšābâ*": "devise plans/schemes/thoughts", "*nādaḥ*": "be banished/driven away/cast out", "*niddāḥ*": "banished one/outcast" } }
• 2 Sam 24:11-13 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.24.11", "source": "וַיָּ֥קָם דָּוִ֖ד בַּבֹּ֑קֶר פ וּדְבַר־יְהוָ֗ה הָיָה֙ אֶל־גָּ֣ד הַנָּבִ֔יא חֹזֵ֥ה דָוִ֖ד לֵאמֹֽר", "text": "And *yāqām* *dāwiḏ* in the *bōqer* and *ḏəḇar-YHWH* *hāyāh* to *gāḏ* the *nāḇî'* *ḥōzēh* *ḏāwiḏ* *lē'mōr*", "grammar": { "*yāqām*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he arose", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*bōqer*": "definite noun - the morning", "*ḏəḇar-YHWH*": "construct noun + divine name - word of YHWH", "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - came/was", "*gāḏ*": "proper noun - Gad", "*nāḇî'*": "definite noun - the prophet", "*ḥōzēh*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - seer of", "*ḏāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*yāqām*": "arose/stood up/got up", "*hāyāh*": "came/was/happened", "*ḥōzēh*": "seer/visionary/prophet", "*lē'mōr*": "saying/commanding/thinking" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.24.12", "source": "הָל֞וֹךְ וְדִבַּרְתָּ֣ אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שָׁלֹ֕שׁ אָנֹכִ֖י נוֹטֵ֣ל עָלֶ֑יךָ בְּחַר־לְךָ֥ אַֽחַת־מֵהֶ֖ם וְאֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לָּֽךְ", "text": "*hālôkh* and *ḏibartā* to *dāwiḏ* thus *'āmar* *YHWH* *šālōš* *'ānōkhî* *nôṭēl* upon you *bəḥar-ləkhā* *'aḥat-mēhem* and *'e'ĕśeh-lākh*", "grammar": { "*hālôkh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - go", "*ḏibartā*": "Piel perfect 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive - speak", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*'āmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*šālōš*": "numeral - three", "*'ānōkhî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I", "*nôṭēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular - extending/offering", "*bəḥar-ləkhā*": "Qal imperative masculine singular + preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - choose for yourself", "*'aḥat-mēhem*": "numeral + preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - one of them", "*'e'ĕśeh-lākh*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular + preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will do to you" }, "variants": { "*hālôkh*": "go/walk/proceed", "*nôṭēl*": "extending/offering/laying upon", "*bəḥar*": "choose/select/prefer" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.24.13", "source": "וַיָּבֹא־גָ֥ד אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד וַיַּגֶּד־ל֑וֹ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֡וֹ הֲתָב֣וֹא לְךָ֣ שֶֽׁבַע־שָׁנִ֣ים ׀ רָעָ֣ב ׀ בְּאַרְצֶ֡ךָ אִם־שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳ֠דָשִׁים נֻסְךָ֨ לִפְנֵֽי־צָרֶ֜יךָ וְה֣וּא רֹדְפֶ֗ךָ וְאִם־הֱ֠יוֹת שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת יָמִ֥ים דֶּ֙בֶר֙ בְּאַרְצֶ֔ךָ עַתָּה֙ דַּ֣ע וּרְאֵ֔ה מָה־אָשִׁ֥יב שֹׁלְחִ֖י דָּבָֽר", "text": "And *yāḇō'-gāḏ* to *dāwiḏ* and *yageḏ-lô* and *yō'mer* to him shall *tāḇô'* to you *šeḇa'-šānîm* *rā'āḇ* in *'arṣekhā* or *šəlōšāh* *ḥŏḏāšîm* *nusəkhā* before *ṣārekhā* and he *rōḏp̄ekhā* or the *hĕyôt* *šəlōšet* *yāmîm* *deḇer* in *'arṣekhā* now *da'* and *rə'ēh* what *'āšîḇ* *šōləḥî* *dāḇār*", "grammar": { "*yāḇō'-gāḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive + proper noun - Gad came", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*yageḏ-lô*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he told him", "*yō'mer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he said", "*tāḇô'*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - shall come", "*šeḇa'-šānîm*": "numeral + plural noun - seven years", "*rā'āḇ*": "noun - famine", "*'arṣekhā*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your land", "*šəlōšāh*": "numeral - three", "*ḥŏḏāšîm*": "plural noun - months", "*nusəkhā*": "Qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your fleeing", "*ṣārekhā*": "plural noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*rōḏp̄ekhā*": "Qal participle masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - pursuing you", "*hĕyôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - being", "*šəlōšet*": "numeral construct - three of", "*yāmîm*": "plural noun - days", "*deḇer*": "noun - pestilence", "*'arṣekhā*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your land", "*da'*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - know", "*rə'ēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - see", "*'āšîḇ*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I shall return/answer", "*šōləḥî*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct + 1st singular suffix - the one sending me", "*dāḇār*": "noun - word/matter" }, "variants": { "*yageḏ*": "told/declared/announced", "*tāḇô'*": "shall come/happen/occur", "*rā'āḇ*": "famine/hunger", "*nusəkhā*": "your fleeing/running away", "*rōḏp̄ekhā*": "pursuing you/chasing you", "*hĕyôt*": "being/happening/occurring", "*deḇer*": "pestilence/plague", "*'āšîḇ*": "I shall return/answer/bring back" } }
• 1 Kgs 13:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Kings.13.1", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ אִ֣ישׁ אֱלֹהִ֗ים בָּ֧א מִיהוּדָ֛ה בִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־בֵּֽית־אֵ֑ל וְיָרָבְעָ֛ם עֹמֵ֥ד עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ לְהַקְטִֽיר׃", "text": "And *hinnēh* *ʾîš* *ʾĕlōhîm* *bāʾ* from *yəhûdāh* by *dəbar* *YHWH* to *bêt-ʾēl* and *yārābəʿām* *ʿōmēd* by *hammizbēaḥ* to *ləhaqṭîr*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*bāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came/had come", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word/command of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*bêt-ʾēl*": "proper noun - Bethel (lit. 'house of God')", "*yārābəʿām*": "proper noun - Jeroboam", "*ʿōmēd*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - standing", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to burn incense/make offerings" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš ʾĕlōhîm*": "man of God/divine messenger/prophet", "*bāʾ*": "came/was coming/had come", "*dəbar YHWH*": "word of YHWH/command of YHWH/by YHWH's authority", "*ləhaqṭîr*": "to burn incense/to make offerings/to perform ritual burning" } }
• 1 Kgs 18:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.1", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים וּדְבַר־יְהוָ֗ה הָיָה֙ אֶל־אֵ֣לִיָּ֔הוּ בַּשָּׁנָ֥ה הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֖ית לֵאמֹ֑ר לֵ֚ךְ הֵרָאֵ֣ה אֶל־אַחְאָ֔ב וְאֶתְּנָ֥ה מָטָ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה", "text": "And *wayəhî* *yāmîm* *rabbîm* and *dəbar*-*YHWH* *hāyāh* to-*ʾēlîyāhû* in-the-*šānāh* the-*šəlîšît* *lēʾmōr* *lēk* *hērāʾēh* to-*ʾaḥʾāb* and-*ʾettənāh* *māṭār* upon-*pənê* the-*ʾădāmāh*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and it came to pass/and it happened", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - days", "*rabbîm*": "adjective masculine plural - many", "*dəbar*": "noun masculine singular construct - word/matter of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3ms - was/happened/came", "*ʾēlîyāhû*": "proper name - Elijah", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*šəlîšît*": "adjective feminine singular - third", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lēk*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go", "*hērāʾēh*": "niphal imperative masculine singular - show yourself/appear", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper name - Ahab", "*ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1cs cohortative - and I will give", "*māṭār*": "noun masculine singular - rain", "*pənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - face/surface of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun feminine singular - ground/earth/land" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass", "*dəbar*": "word/speech/command/matter", "*hāyāh*": "came/was/happened", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*hērāʾēh*": "show yourself/appear/be seen", "*ʾettənāh*": "I will give/I will send/I will allow" } }
• Luke 16:19-31 : 19 { "verseID": "Luke.16.19", "source": "¶Ἄνθρωπος δέ τις ἦν πλούσιος, καὶ ἐνεδιδύσκετο πορφύραν καὶ βύσσον, εὐφραινόμενος καθʼ ἡμέραν λαμπρῶς:", "text": "*Anthrōpos de* certain *ēn plousios*, and *enedidysketo porphyran* and *bysson*, *euphrainomenos* according to *hēmeran lamprōs*:", "grammar": { "*Anthrōpos*": "nominative singular masculine - man/person", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was", "*plousios*": "nominative singular masculine - rich/wealthy", "*enedidysketo*": "imperfect middle indicative, 3rd singular - was clothing himself", "*porphyran*": "accusative singular feminine - purple [garment]", "*bysson*": "accusative singular feminine - fine linen", "*euphrainomenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative singular masculine - rejoicing/enjoying himself", "*hēmeran*": "accusative singular feminine - day", "*lamprōs*": "adverb - splendidly/luxuriously" }, "variants": { "*Anthrōpos*": "man/person", "*plousios*": "rich/wealthy", "*enedidysketo*": "was clothing himself/dressed himself", "*porphyran*": "purple [cloth/garment] (expensive luxury material)", "*bysson*": "fine linen (expensive luxury material)", "*euphrainomenos*": "rejoicing/making merry/enjoying himself", "*lamprōs*": "splendidly/luxuriously/sumptuously" } } 20 { "verseID": "Luke.16.20", "source": "Πτωχὸς δέ τις ἦν ὀνόματι Λάζαρος, ὃς ἐβέβλητο πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα αὐτοῦ, ἡλκωμένος,", "text": "*Ptōchos de* certain *ēn onomati Lazaros*, who *ebeblēto pros ton pylōna* of him, *hēlkōmenos*,", "grammar": { "*Ptōchos*": "nominative singular masculine - poor man/beggar", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was", "*onomati*": "dative singular neuter - by name", "*Lazaros*": "nominative singular masculine - Lazarus", "*ebeblēto*": "pluperfect passive indicative, 3rd singular - had been laid/thrown", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - at/before", "*ton pylōna*": "accusative singular masculine - the gate/entrance", "*hēlkōmenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative singular masculine - having been covered with sores" }, "variants": { "*Ptōchos*": "poor man/beggar/destitute person", "*onomati*": "by name/named", "*ebeblēto*": "had been laid/had been placed/had been thrown", "*pylōna*": "gate/entrance/doorway", "*hēlkōmenos*": "having been covered with sores/ulcerated" } } 21 { "verseID": "Luke.16.21", "source": "Καὶ ἐπιθυμῶν χορτασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν ψιχίων τῶν πιπτόντων ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης τοῦ πλουσίου: ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ κύνες ἐρχόμενοι ἀπέλειχον τὰ ἕλκη αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And *epithymōn chortasthēnai* from the *psichiōn tōn piptontōn* from the *trapezēs tou plousiou*: *alla* also the *kynes erchomenoi apeleichon ta helkē* of him.", "grammar": { "*epithymōn*": "present active participle, nominative singular masculine - desiring", "*chortasthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be filled/satisfied", "*psichiōn*": "genitive plural neuter - of crumbs", "*tōn piptontōn*": "present active participle, genitive plural neuter - the falling", "*trapezēs*": "genitive singular feminine - of the table", "*tou plousiou*": "genitive singular masculine - of the rich man", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*kynes*": "nominative plural masculine - dogs", "*erchomenoi*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative plural masculine - coming", "*apeleichon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were licking", "*ta helkē*": "accusative plural neuter - the sores" }, "variants": { "*epithymōn*": "desiring/longing/craving", "*chortasthēnai*": "to be filled/to be satisfied/to be fed", "*psichiōn*": "crumbs/scraps/bits", "*piptontōn*": "falling/dropping", "*trapezēs*": "table", "*plousiou*": "rich man/wealthy man", "*kynes*": "dogs", "*erchomenoi*": "coming", "*apeleichon*": "were licking/were licking clean", "*helkē*": "sores/ulcers/wounds" } } 22 { "verseID": "Luke.16.22", "source": "Ἐγένετο δὲ, ἀποθανεῖν τὸν πτωχόν, καὶ ἀπενεχθῆναι αὐτὸν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἰς τὸν κόλπον τοῦ Ἀβραάμ: ἀπέθανεν δὲ καὶ ὁ πλούσιος, καὶ ἐτάφη·", "text": "*Egeneto de*, *apothanein ton ptōchon*, and *apenechthēnai* him by the *angelōn* into the *kolpon tou Abraam*: *apethanen de* also the *plousios*, and *etaphē*;", "grammar": { "*Egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - it happened/came about", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*apothanein*": "aorist active infinitive - to die", "*ton ptōchon*": "accusative singular masculine - the poor man", "*apenechthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be carried away", "*angelōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of angels", "*kolpon*": "accusative singular masculine - bosom/chest", "*tou Abraam*": "genitive singular masculine - of Abraham", "*apethanen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - died", "*plousios*": "nominative singular masculine - rich man", "*etaphē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - was buried" }, "variants": { "*Egeneto*": "it happened/came to pass/occurred", "*apothanein*": "to die", "*ptōchon*": "poor man/beggar", "*apenechthēnai*": "to be carried away/to be taken away", "*angelōn*": "angels/messengers", "*kolpon*": "bosom/embrace/chest [metaphor for place of honor]", "*apethanen*": "died", "*plousios*": "rich man/wealthy man", "*etaphē*": "was buried/was entombed" } } 23 { "verseID": "Luke.16.23", "source": "Καὶ ἐν τῷ ᾅδῃ ἐπάρας τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ, ὑπάρχων ἐν βασάνοις, ὁρᾷ τὸν Ἀβραὰμ ἀπὸ μακρόθεν, καὶ Λάζαρον ἐν τοῖς κόλποις αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And in the *hadē eparas tous ophthalmous* of him, *hyparchōn* in *basanois*, *hora ton Abraam* from *makrothen*, and *Lazaron* in the *kolpois* of him.", "grammar": { "*hadē*": "dative singular masculine - hades", "*eparas*": "aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine - having lifted up", "*tous ophthalmous*": "accusative plural masculine - the eyes", "*hyparchōn*": "present active participle, nominative singular masculine - being/existing", "*basanois*": "dative plural feminine - torments/tortures", "*hora*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - sees", "*ton Abraam*": "accusative singular masculine - Abraham", "*makrothen*": "adverb - from afar/at a distance", "*Lazaron*": "accusative singular masculine - Lazarus", "*kolpois*": "dative plural masculine - bosoms/embraces" }, "variants": { "*hadē*": "hades/the realm of the dead", "*eparas*": "having lifted up/having raised", "*ophthalmous*": "eyes", "*hyparchōn*": "being/existing/finding himself", "*basanois*": "torments/tortures/agonies", "*hora*": "sees/perceives/beholds", "*makrothen*": "from afar/at a distance/far away", "*kolpois*": "bosom/embrace [metaphor for place of honor/comfort]" } } 24 { "verseID": "Luke.16.24", "source": "Καὶ αὐτὸς φωνήσας εἶπεν, Πάτερ Ἀβραάμ, ἐλέησόν με, καὶ πέμψον Λάζαρον, ἵνα βάψῃ τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ δακτύλου αὐτοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ καταψύξῃ τὴν γλῶσσάν μου· ὅτι ὀδυνῶμαι ἐν τῇ φλογὶ ταύτῃ.", "text": "And he *phōnēsas eipen*, *Pater Abraam*, *eleēson* me, and *pempson Lazaron*, *hina bapsē to akron tou daktylou* of him *hydatos*, and *katapsyxē tēn glōssan* of me; *hoti odynōmai* in the *phlogi tautē*.", "grammar": { "*phōnēsas*": "aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine - having called out", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*Pater*": "vocative singular masculine - Father", "*eleēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - have mercy on", "*pempson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - send", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*bapsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - he might dip", "*to akron*": "accusative singular neuter - the tip/extremity", "*tou daktylou*": "genitive singular masculine - of the finger", "*hydatos*": "genitive singular neuter - of water", "*katapsyxē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - he might cool", "*tēn glōssan*": "accusative singular feminine - the tongue", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that", "*odynōmai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 1st singular - I am in pain/suffering", "*phlogi*": "dative singular feminine - flame/fire", "*tautē*": "demonstrative, dative singular feminine - this" }, "variants": { "*phōnēsas*": "having called out/having cried out", "*Pater*": "Father", "*eleēson*": "have mercy on/show pity to", "*pempson*": "send", "*bapsē*": "he might dip/he might moisten", "*akron*": "tip/extremity/end", "*daktylou*": "finger", "*hydatos*": "water", "*katapsyxē*": "he might cool/he might refresh", "*glōssan*": "tongue", "*odynōmai*": "I am in pain/I am suffering/I am tormented", "*phlogi*": "flame/fire" } } 25 { "verseID": "Luke.16.25", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ Ἀβραάμ, Τέκνον, μνήσθητι ὅτι ἀπέλαβες σὺ τὰ ἀγαθά σου ἐν τῇ ζωῇ σου, καὶ Λάζαρος ὁμοίως τὰ κακά: νῦν δὲ ὅδε παρακαλεῖται, σὺ δὲ ὀδυνᾶσαι.", "text": "*Eipen de Abraam*, *Teknon*, *mnēsthēti hoti apelabes* you *ta agatha* of you in the *zōē* of you, and *Lazaros homoiōs ta kaka*: *nyn de hode parakaleitai*, you *de odynasai*.", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Teknon*": "vocative singular neuter - child", "*mnēsthēti*": "aorist passive imperative, 2nd singular - remember", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that/because", "*apelabes*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd singular - you received fully", "*ta agatha*": "accusative plural neuter - the good things", "*zōē*": "dative singular feminine - life", "*homoiōs*": "adverb - likewise/similarly", "*ta kaka*": "accusative plural neuter - the bad things/evil things", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*hode*": "demonstrative, nominative singular masculine - this one here", "*parakaleitai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd singular - is comforted/consoled", "*odynasai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd singular - you are in pain/suffering" }, "variants": { "*Teknon*": "child/son (term of affection)", "*mnēsthēti*": "remember/recall", "*apelabes*": "you received fully/you received in full/you received back", "*agatha*": "good things/blessings/comforts", "*zōē*": "life/lifetime", "*homoiōs*": "likewise/similarly/in the same way", "*kaka*": "bad things/evil things/hardships", "*parakaleitai*": "is comforted/is consoled/is encouraged", "*odynasai*": "you are in pain/you are suffering/you are tormented" } } 26 { "verseID": "Luke.16.26", "source": "Καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσιν τούτοις, μεταξὺ ἡμῶν καὶ ὑμῶν χάσμα μέγα ἐστήρικται: ὅπως οἱ θέλοντες διαβῆναι ἐντεῦθεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς μὴ δύνωνται· μηδὲ οἱ ἐκεῖθεν πρὸς ἡμᾶς διαπερῶσιν.", "text": "And *epi pasin toutois*, *metaxy* of us and of you *chasma mega estēriktai*: *hopōs* the *thelontes diabēnai enteuthen pros* you not *dynōntai*; neither the *ekeithen pros* us *diaperōsin*.", "grammar": { "*epi*": "preposition + dative - besides/in addition to", "*pasin*": "dative plural neuter - all", "*toutois*": "demonstrative, dative plural neuter - these things", "*metaxy*": "preposition + genitive - between", "*chasma*": "nominative singular neuter - chasm/gulf", "*mega*": "nominative singular neuter - great/large", "*estēriktai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd singular - has been fixed/established", "*hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*thelontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - wanting/wishing", "*diabēnai*": "aorist active infinitive - to cross over", "*enteuthen*": "adverb - from here", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*dynōntai*": "present middle/passive subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might be able", "*ekeithen*": "adverb - from there", "*diaperōsin*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might cross over" }, "variants": { "*epi pasin toutois*": "besides all these things/in addition to all this", "*metaxy*": "between", "*chasma*": "chasm/gulf/great divide", "*estēriktai*": "has been fixed/has been established/has been set", "*thelontes*": "wanting/wishing/desiring", "*diabēnai*": "to cross over/to pass through", "*enteuthen*": "from here/from this place", "*dynōntai*": "they might be able/they could", "*ekeithen*": "from there/from that place", "*diaperōsin*": "they might cross over/they might pass through" } } 27 { "verseID": "Luke.16.27", "source": "Εἶπεν δέ, Ἐρωτῶ οὖν σε, πάτερ, ἵνα πέμψῃς αὐτὸν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ πατρός μου:", "text": "*Eipen de*, *Erōtō oun* you, *pater*, *hina pempsēs* him into the *oikon tou patros* of me:", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Erōtō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I ask/request", "*oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore/then", "*pater*": "vocative singular masculine - father", "*hina*": "conjunction - that/so that", "*pempsēs*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular - you might send", "*oikon*": "accusative singular masculine - house/home", "*tou patros*": "genitive singular masculine - of the father" }, "variants": { "*Erōtō*": "I ask/I request/I beg", "*pater*": "father", "*pempsēs*": "you might send/you would send", "*oikon*": "house/home/household", "*patros*": "father" } } 28 { "verseID": "Luke.16.28", "source": "Ἔχω γὰρ πέντε ἀδελφούς· ὅπως διαμαρτύρηται αὐτοῖς, ἵνα μὴ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἔλθωσιν εἰς τὸν τόπον τοῦτον τῆς βασάνου.", "text": "*Echō gar pente adelphous*; *hopōs diamartyrētai* to them, *hina* not also they *elthōsin* into the *topon touton tēs basanou*.", "grammar": { "*Echō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I have", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*pente*": "numeral - five", "*adelphous*": "accusative plural masculine - brothers", "*hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*diamartyrētai*": "present middle/passive subjunctive, 3rd singular - he might testify earnestly", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*elthōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might come", "*topon*": "accusative singular masculine - place", "*touton*": "demonstrative, accusative singular masculine - this", "*tēs basanou*": "genitive singular feminine - of the torment" }, "variants": { "*Echō*": "I have", "*adelphous*": "brothers/siblings", "*diamartyrētai*": "he might testify earnestly/he might warn solemnly", "*elthōsin*": "they might come/they might arrive", "*topon*": "place/location", "*basanou*": "torment/torture/pain" } } 29 { "verseID": "Luke.16.29", "source": "Λέγει αὐτῷ Ἀβραάμ, Ἔχουσιν Μωσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας· ἀκουσάτωσαν αὐτῶν.", "text": "*Legei* to him *Abraam*, They *echousin Mōsea* and the *prophētas*; *akousatōsan* of them.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says", "*echousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - they have", "*Mōsea*": "accusative singular masculine - Moses", "*prophētas*": "accusative plural masculine - prophets", "*akousatōsan*": "aorist active imperative, 3rd plural - let them hear/listen to" }, "variants": { "*Legei*": "says/tells", "*echousin*": "they have", "*Mōsea*": "Moses", "*prophētas*": "prophets", "*akousatōsan*": "let them hear/let them listen to/let them heed" } } 30 { "verseID": "Luke.16.30", "source": "Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν, Οὐχί, πάτερ Ἀβραάμ: ἀλλʼ ἐάν τις ἀπὸ νεκρῶν πορευθῇ πρὸς αὐτούς, μετανοήσουσιν.", "text": "And he *eipen*, No, *pater Abraam*: *all'* if someone from *nekrōn poreuthē pros* them, they *metanoēsousin*.", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*pater*": "vocative singular masculine - father", "*all'*": "strong adversative conjunction (from alla) - but", "*nekrōn*": "genitive plural masculine - [the] dead", "*poreuthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd singular - might go/travel", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*metanoēsousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd plural - they will repent" }, "variants": { "*pater*": "father", "*nekrōn*": "dead/those who have died", "*poreuthē*": "might go/might travel/might journey", "*metanoēsousin*": "they will repent/they will change their minds" } } 31 { "verseID": "Luke.16.31", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ, Εἰ Μωσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἀκούουσιν, οὐδέ ἐάν τις ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ. Πεισθήσονται,", "text": "*Eipen de* to him, If *Mōseōs* and the *prophētōn* not *akouousin*, neither if someone from *nekrōn anastē* will they *peisthēsontai*,", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive singular masculine - of Moses", "*prophētōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of prophets", "*akouousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - they hear/listen to", "*nekrōn*": "genitive plural masculine - dead", "*anastē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might rise", "*peisthēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd plural - they will be persuaded" }, "variants": { "*Mōseōs*": "Moses", "*prophētōn*": "prophets", "*akouousin*": "they hear/they listen to/they heed", "*nekrōn*": "dead/those who have died", "*anastē*": "might rise/might stand up/might be raised", "*peisthēsontai*": "they will be persuaded/they will be convinced" } }