Verse 44

{ "verseID": "2Samuel.22.44", "source": "וַֽתְּפַלְּטֵ֔נִי מֵרִיבֵ֖י עַמִּ֑י תִּשְׁמְרֵ֙נִי֙ לְרֹ֣אשׁ גּוֹיִ֔ם עַ֥ם לֹא־יָדַ֖עְתִּי יַעַבְדֻֽנִי׃", "text": "And *wattepalleṭēnî* from *rîbê* *ʿammî*; *tišmerēnî* for *rōʾš* *gôyim*, *ʿam* not-*yādaʿtî* *yaʿabdunî*.", "grammar": { "*wattepalleṭēnî*": "Piel imperfect 2ms with 1cs suffix with waw-consecutive - you delivered me", "*rîbê*": "masculine plural construct of *rîb* - disputes of", "*ʿammî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my people", "*tišmerēnî*": "Qal imperfect 2ms with 1cs suffix - you keep me", "*rōʾš*": "masculine noun construct - head of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*ʿam*": "masculine noun - people", "*yādaʿtî*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I knew", "*yaʿabdunî*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with 1cs suffix - they serve me" }, "variants": { "*wattepalleṭēnî*": "delivered me, rescued me, saved me", "*rîbê*": "disputes, controversies, contentions", "*tišmerēnî*": "keep me, preserve me, guard me", "*rōʾš*": "head, chief, leader", "*gôyim*": "nations, peoples, gentiles", "*yaʿabdunî*": "serve me, obey me, are subject to me" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Du reddet meg fra stridene i mitt folk, du bevarte meg som leder for folket; folk jeg ikke kjente ble mine tjenere.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Du befridde meg fra folkets strider; du satte meg til leder for nasjonene. Et folk jeg ikke kjente, skal tjene meg.

• Norsk King James

  Du har også frelst meg fra mitt folks stridigheter, du har holdt meg som hode for hedningene: et folk som jeg ikke kjente, skal tjene meg.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Du redder meg fra stridende folkeslag, du gjør meg til hodet blant nasjonene; et folk jeg ikke kjente, tjener meg.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Du fridde meg fra folkeslags strid, gjorde meg til leder for nasjoner, folk jeg ikke kjente tjente meg.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Du har også befridd meg fra stridigheter blant mitt folk, du har beholdt meg som lederen for hedningene: et folk jeg ikke kjente, skal tjene meg.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Du har også frigjort meg fra mitt folks strid, og holdt meg fremme som leder for hedningene; folk jeg ikke kjente, skal tjene meg.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Du har også befridd meg fra stridigheter blant mitt folk, du har beholdt meg som lederen for hedningene: et folk jeg ikke kjente, skal tjene meg.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Du reddet meg fra mitt folks stridigheter, du bevarte meg som leder for nasjonene. Folk som jeg ikke kjente, tjener meg.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  You delivered me from the disputes of my people; you preserved me as the head of nations. A people I did not know serve me.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Du reddet meg fra strid blant mitt folk, du bevarte meg som leder over nasjoner; folkeslag jeg ikke kjente, tjente meg.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og du udfriede mig fra kivagtige Folk, du forvarede mig til Hedningernes Hoved; et Folk, som jeg ikke kjendte, de tjene mig.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people, thou hast kept me to be head of the heathen: a people which I knew not shall serve me.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Du har frelst meg fra stridene mellom mitt folk, du har bevart meg som leder for folkeslagene: et folk jeg ikke kjente skal tjene meg.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  You also have delivered me from the strivings of my people, you have kept me to be head of the nations: a people whom I knew not shall serve me.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people, thou hast kept me to be head of the heathen: a people which I knew not shall serve me.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Du har også reddet meg fra folkestridene; Du har gjort meg til hodet for nasjonene: Et folk jeg ikke kjente, skal tjene meg.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Du befrier meg fra folkets kamper, du setter meg til leder for folkeslag; folk jeg ikke har kjent, tjener meg.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Du har også fridd meg fra mitt folks stridigheter; Du har bevart meg til å være overhode for nasjonene: Et folk jeg ikke kjente skal tjene meg.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Du har gjort meg fri fra folkets stridigheter; du har gjort meg til lederen for folkeslagene: et folk jeg ikke kjente, blir mine tjenere.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But me shalt thou delyuer from the stryuynges of the people, and shalt kepe me to be ye heade of the Heythen: A people whom I haue not knowne, shal serue me.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Thou hast also deliuered me from the cotentions of my people: thou hast preserued me to be the head ouer nations: the people which I knewe not, doe serue me.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thou also hast deliuered me from the discention of my people, thou hast kept me to be an head ouer nations: the people which I knew not, do serue me.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people, thou hast kept me [to be] head of the heathen: a people [which] I knew not shall serve me.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  You also have delivered me from the strivings of my people; You have kept me to be the head of the nations: A people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And -- Thou dost deliver me From the strivings of my people, Thou placest me for a head of nations; A people I have not known do serve me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people; Thou hast kept me to be the head of the nations: A people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  You have made me free from the fightings of my people; you have made me the head of the nations: a people of whom I had no knowledge will be my servants.

• World English Bible (2000)

  You also have delivered me from the strivings of my people. You have kept me to be the head of the nations. A people whom I have not known will serve me.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You rescue me from a hostile army; you preserve me as a leader of nations; people over whom I had no authority are now my subjects.

Referenced Verses

• Isa 55:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.55.5", "source": "הֵן גּוֹי לֹא־תֵדַע תִּקְרָא וְגוֹי לֹא־יְדָעוּךָ אֵלֶיךָ יָרוּצוּ לְמַעַן יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ וְלִקְדוֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל כִּי פֵאֲרָךְ", "text": "*Hēn* *gôy* not-*ṯēḏaʿ* *tiqrāʾ* and-*gôy* not-*yĕḏāʿûḵā* to-you *yārûṣû* for-sake-of *YHWH* *ʾĕlōheḵā* and-for-*qĕḏôš* *Yiśrāʾēl* because *p̄ēʾărāḵ*", "grammar": { "*Hēn*": "demonstrative particle - behold/lo/see", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*ṯēḏaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you know", "*tiqrāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will call", "*yĕḏāʿûḵā*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - they knew you", "*yārûṣû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will run", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*qĕḏôš*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - Holy One of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*p̄ēʾărāḵ*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he has glorified you" }, "variants": { "*Hēn*": "behold/look/see", "*gôy*": "nation/people", "*tiqrāʾ*": "you will call/summon/invite", "*yārûṣû*": "they will run/hasten/rush", "*qĕḏôš*": "Holy One/sacred one", "*p̄ēʾărāḵ*": "he has glorified you/beautified you/honored you" } }
• 2 Sam 8:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.1", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ אַֽחֲרֵ‪[c]‬יכֵ֔ן וַיַּ֥ךְ דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וַיַּכְנִיעֵ֑ם וַיִּקַּ֥ח דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־מֶ֥תֶג הָאַמָּ֖ה מִיַּ֥ד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* after *ken* and *wayyak* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-*Pəlištîm* and *wayaknîʿēm* and *wayyiqqaḥ* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-*meteg* *hāʾammâ* from hand of *Pəlištîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was/happened", "*ken*": "adverb - thus/so/afterwards", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and he struck/defeated", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayaknîʿēm*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd plural suffix - and he subdued them", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *lāqaḥ* - and he took", "*meteg*": "noun, masculine singular construct - bridle/control", "*hāʾammâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the mother-city/metropolis", "*miyyad*": "preposition *min* + noun, feminine singular construct - from the hand of" }, "variants": { "*meteg hāʾammâ*": "bridle of the mother-city/capital city/metropolis/authority/cubit", "*wayyaknîʿēm*": "subdued them/humbled them/brought them into subjection" } } 2 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.2", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־מוֹאָ֗ב וַֽיְמַדְּדֵ֤ם בַּחֶ֙בֶל֙ הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב אוֹתָ֣ם אַ֔רְצָה וַיְמַדֵּ֤ד שְׁנֵֽי־חֲבָלִים֙ לְהָמִ֔ית וּמְלֹ֥א הַחֶ֖בֶל לְהַחֲי֑וֹת וַתְּהִ֤י מוֹאָב֙ לְדָוִ֔ד לַעֲבָדִ֖ים נֹשְׂאֵ֥י מִנְחָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyak* *ʾet*-*Môʾāb* and *wayəmaddədēm* with *ḥebel* the *haškēb* *ʾôtām* to ground and *wayəmaddēd* two-*ḥăbālîm* to *hāmît* and fullness of the *ḥebel* to *haḥăyôt* and *wattəhî* *Môʾāb* to *Dāwid* for *ʿăbādîm* *nōśəʾê* *minḥâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and he struck/defeated", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moab", "*wayəmaddədēm*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he measured them", "*baḥebel*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the cord/rope/measuring line", "*haškēb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - causing to lie down", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular + directional hê - to the ground", "*wayəmaddēd*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he measured", "*šənê*": "cardinal number, masculine construct - two", "*ḥăbālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - cords/lines/portions", "*ləhāmît*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to kill/put to death", "*məlōʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fullness of", "*haḥebel*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the cord/line/portion", "*ləhaḥăyôt*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to let live/preserve alive", "*wattəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and became", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moab", "*ləDāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - for/to David", "*laʿăbādîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - for servants", "*nōśəʾê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*minḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - tribute/offering/gift" }, "variants": { "*ḥebel*": "measuring cord/line/rope/territory/portion/lot", "*məlōʾ haḥebel*": "full measure/full length of the line/one complete portion", "*haškēb ʾôtām ʾarṣâ*": "making them lie down on the ground/arranging them on the ground", "*ləhāmît*": "to kill/to put to death", "*ləhaḥăyôt*": "to let live/to spare alive", "*nōśəʾê minḥâ*": "bearers of tribute/bringers of gifts/offering bearers" } } 3 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.3", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ דָּוִ֔ד אֶת־הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר בֶּן־רְחֹ֖ב מֶ֣לֶךְ צוֹבָ֑ה בְּלֶכְתּ֕וֹ לְהָשִׁ֥יב יָד֖וֹ בִּֽנְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃", "text": "And *wayyak* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-*Hădadʿezer* son-of-*Rəḥōb* king of *Ṣôbâ* in *belektô* to *hāšîb* his hand in *nəhar*-*Pərāt*.", "grammar": { "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and he struck/defeated", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Hădadʿezer*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadadezer", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Rəḥōb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Rehob", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Ṣôbâ*": "proper noun - Zobah", "*belektô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his going/when he went", "*ləhāšîb*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to restore/to recover", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand/power/control", "*binhar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - at/by the river", "*Pərāt*": "proper noun - Euphrates" }, "variants": { "*ləhāšîb yādô*": "to restore his control/to recover his power/to establish his dominion", "*yād*": "hand/power/control/monument/memorial" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.4", "source": "וַיִּלְכֹּ֨ד דָּוִ֜ד מִמֶּ֗נּוּ אֶ֤לֶף וּשְׁבַע־מֵאוֹת֙ פָּרָשִׁ֔ים וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף אִ֣ישׁ רַגְלִ֑י וַיְעַקֵּ֤ר דָּוִד֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָרֶ֔כֶב וַיּוֹתֵ֥ר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ מֵ֥אָה רָֽכֶב׃", "text": "And *wayyilkōd* *Dāwid* from him *ʾelef* and seven-hundred *pārāšîm* and twenty thousand *ʾîš* *raglî* and *wayəʿaqqēr* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-all-the *rekeb* and *wayyôtēr* from him hundred *rākeb*.", "grammar": { "*wayyilkōd*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *lākad* - and he captured", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from him", "*ʾelef*": "cardinal number, masculine singular - thousand", "*ušəbaʿ*": "conjunction + cardinal number, masculine singular construct - and seven", "*mēʾôt*": "cardinal number, feminine plural - hundreds", "*pārāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - horsemen/cavalry", "*wəʿeśrîm*": "conjunction + cardinal number, masculine plural - and twenty", "*ʾelef*": "cardinal number, masculine singular - thousand", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - men", "*raglî*": "adjective, masculine singular - foot (soldiers)", "*wayəʿaqqēr*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he hamstrung", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all", "*hārekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot(s)", "*wayyôtēr*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *yātar* - and he left/reserved", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from them", "*mēʾâ*": "cardinal number, feminine singular - hundred", "*rākeb*": "noun, masculine singular - chariot" }, "variants": { "*rekeb*": "chariot(s)/chariotry/chariot corps", "*raglî*": "foot-soldier/infantry", "*wayəʿaqqēr*": "hamstrung/disabled/crippled/cut the hamstrings of", "*wayyôtēr*": "left over/spared/reserved" } } 5 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.5", "source": "וַתָּבֹא֙ אֲרַ֣ם דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק לַעְזֹ֕ר לַהֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ צוֹבָ֑ה וַיַּ֤ךְ דָּוִד֙ בַּֽאֲרָ֔ם עֶשְׂרִֽים־וּשְׁנַ֥יִם אֶ֖לֶף אִֽישׁ׃", "text": "And *wattābōʾ* *ʾĂram* *Dammeśeq* to *laʿzōr* to *Hădadʿezer* king of *Ṣôbâ* and *wayyak* *Dāwid* in *ʾĂrām* twenty-and-two thousand *ʾîš*.", "grammar": { "*wattābōʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *bôʾ* - and she/it came", "*ʾĂram*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Aram/Syria", "*Dammeśeq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*laʿzōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to help", "*laHădadʿezer*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - to Hadadezer", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Ṣôbâ*": "proper noun - Zobah", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and he struck/defeated", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*baʾĂrām*": "preposition + proper noun - in Aram/against Arameans", "*ʿeśrîm*": "cardinal number, masculine plural - twenty", "*ušənayim*": "conjunction + cardinal number, masculine dual - and two", "*ʾelef*": "cardinal number, masculine singular - thousand", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - men" }, "variants": { "*ʾĂram Dammeśeq*": "Aram of Damascus/Arameans of Damascus/Syrian Damascus", "*wayyak*": "struck down/defeated/killed" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.6", "source": "וַיָּ֨שֶׂם דָּוִ֤ד נְצִבִים֙ בַּאֲרַ֣ם דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק וַתְּהִ֤י אֲרָם֙ לְדָוִ֔ד לַעֲבָדִ֖ים נוֹשְׂאֵ֣י מִנְחָ֑ה וַיֹּ֤שַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ׃", "text": "And *wayyāśem* *Dāwid* *nəṣibîm* in *ʾĂram* *Dammeśeq* and *wattəhî* *ʾĂrām* to *Dāwid* for *ʿăbādîm* *nôśəʾê* *minḥâ* and *wayyôšaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Dāwid* in all that he *hālāk*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāśem*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *śîm* - and he placed/set", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*nəṣibîm*": "noun, masculine plural - garrisons/officials", "*baʾĂram*": "preposition + proper noun - in Aram", "*Dammeśeq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*wattəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular of *hāyâ* - and she/it became", "*ʾĂrām*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Aram/Syria", "*ləDāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - for/to David", "*laʿăbādîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - for servants", "*nôśəʾê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*minḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - tribute/offering", "*wayyôšaʿ*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *yāšaʿ* - and he saved/delivered", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*bəkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*hālāk*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he went" }, "variants": { "*nəṣibîm*": "garrisons/officials/governors/prefects", "*wayyôšaʿ*": "saved/delivered/gave victory to", "*nôśəʾê minḥâ*": "bearers of tribute/bringers of gifts/offering bearers" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.7", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח דָּוִ֗ד אֵ֚ת שִׁלְטֵ֣י הַזָּהָ֔ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָי֔וּ אֶ֖ל עַבְדֵ֣י הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר וַיְבִיאֵ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* *Dāwid* *ʾēt* *šilṭê* *hazzāhāb* that *hāyû* *ʾel* *ʿabdê* *Hădadʿāzer* and *wayəbîʾēm* *Yərûšālāim*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *lāqaḥ* - and he took", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*šilṭê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - shields of", "*hazzāhāb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the gold", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they were", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/on/belonging to", "*ʿabdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - servants of", "*Hădadʿāzer*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadadezer", "*wayəbîʾēm*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he brought them" }, "variants": { "*šilṭê*": "shields/quivers/armor/weapons", "*hāyû ʾel*": "were on/belonged to/were with" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.8", "source": "וּמִבֶּ֥טַח וּמִבֵּֽרֹתַ֖י עָרֵ֣י הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר לָקַ֞ח הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ דָּוִ֛ד נְחֹ֖שֶׁת הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃ ס", "text": "And from *Beṭaḥ* and from *Bērōtay* cities of *Hădadʿāzer* *lāqaḥ* the king *Dāwid* *nəḥōšet* *harbēh* *məʾōd*.", "grammar": { "*ûmibbeṭaḥ*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Betah", "*ûmibbērōtay*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Berothai", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*Hădadʿāzer*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadadezer", "*lāqaḥ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - took", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*harbēh*": "adverb - much/many/abundantly", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*harbēh məʾōd*": "very much/exceedingly great amount/in great abundance" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.9", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֕ע תֹּ֖עִי מֶ֣לֶךְ חֲמָ֑ת כִּ֚י הִכָּ֣ה דָוִ֔ד אֵ֖ת כָּל־חֵ֥יל הֲדַדְעָֽזֶר׃", "text": "And *wayyišmaʿ* *Tōʿî* king of *Ḥămāt* that *hikkâ* *dāvid* *ʾēt* all-*ḥêl* *Hădadʿāzer*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *šāmaʿ* - and he heard", "*Tōʿî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Toi", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*hikkâ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - he had defeated", "*dāvid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all", "*ḥêl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - force/army", "*Hădadʿāzer*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadadezer" }, "variants": { "*ḥêl*": "force/army/strength/wealth/power" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.10", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח תֹּ֣עִי אֶת־יֽוֹרָם־בְּנ֣וֹ אֶל־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ־דָּ֠וִד לִשְׁאָל־ל֨וֹ לְשָׁל֜וֹם וּֽלְבָרֲכ֗וֹ עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִלְחַ֤ם בַּהֲדַדְעֶ֙זֶר֙ וַיַּכֵּ֔הוּ כִּי־אִ֛ישׁ מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת תֹּ֖עִי הָיָ֣ה הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר וּבְיָד֗וֹ הָי֛וּ כְּלֵֽי־כֶ֥סֶף וּכְלֵֽי־זָהָ֖ב וּכְלֵ֥י נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *Tōʿî* *ʾet*-*Yôrām*-his son to-the king-*Dāwid* to *lišʾāl*-to him to *šālôm* and to *bārak* him on that *nilḥam* with *Hădadʿezer* and *wayyakkēhû* for-*ʾîš* *milḥămôt* *Tōʿî* *hāyâ* *Hădadʿāzer* and in his hand *hāyû* *kəlê*-*kesef* and *kəlê*-*zāhāb* and *kəlê* *nəḥōšet*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *šālaḥ* - and he sent", "*Tōʿî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Toi", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yôrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joram", "*bənô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*lišʾāl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to ask", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ləšālôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for peace/welfare", "*ûləbārăkô*": "conjunction + preposition + piel infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and to bless him", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on/concerning/because", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*nilḥam*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he fought", "*baHădadʿezer*": "preposition + proper noun - against Hadadezer", "*wayyakkēhû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he defeated him", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*milḥămôt*": "noun, feminine plural - wars", "*Tōʿî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Toi", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he was", "*Hădadʿāzer*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadadezer", "*ûbəyādô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and in his hand", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they were", "*kəlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - vessels/articles of", "*kesef*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*ûkəlê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and vessels/articles of", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*ûkəlê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and vessels/articles of", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper" }, "variants": { "*lišʾāl lô ləšālôm*": "to inquire of his welfare/to greet him in peace/to ask after his well-being", "*ʾîš milḥămôt*": "man of wars/warrior/adversary in war", "*kəlê*": "vessels/articles/utensils/implements/weapons" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.11", "source": "גַּם־אֹתָ֕ם הִקְדִּ֛ישׁ הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִ֖ד לַֽיהוָ֑ה עִם־הַכֶּ֤סֶף וְהַזָּהָב֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִקְדִּ֔ישׁ מִכָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר כִּבֵּֽשׁ׃", "text": "Also-them *hiqdîš* the king *Dāwid* to *YHWH* with-the *kesef* and the *zāhāb* that he *hiqdîš* from all-the *gôyim* that he *kibbēš*.", "grammar": { "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*hiqdîš*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dedicated/consecrated", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*laYHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - to the LORD", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*hakkesef*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the silver", "*wəhazzāhāb*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the gold", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*hiqdîš*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he had dedicated/consecrated", "*mikkol*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from all", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the nations", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*kibbēš*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he subdued/conquered" }, "variants": { "*hiqdîš*": "dedicated/consecrated/sanctified/set apart", "*kibbēš*": "subdued/conquered/subjugated/brought into submission" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.12", "source": "מֵאֲרָ֤ם וּמִמּוֹאָב֙ וּמִבְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וּמִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וּמֵֽעֲמָלֵ֑ק וּמִשְּׁלַ֛ל הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר בֶּן־רְחֹ֖ב מֶ֥לֶךְ צוֹבָֽה׃", "text": "From *ʾĂrām* and from *Môʾāb* and from *bənê* *ʿAmmôn* and from *Pəlištîm* and from *ʿĂmālēq* and from *šəlal* *Hădadʿezer* son-of-*Rəḥōb* king of *Ṣôbâ*.", "grammar": { "*mēʾĂrām*": "preposition + proper noun - from Aram/Syria", "*ûmimMôʾāb*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Moab", "*ûmibbənê*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - and from sons of", "*ʿAmmôn*": "proper noun - Ammon", "*ûmipPəlištîm*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun, masculine plural - and from Philistines", "*ûmēʿĂmālēq*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Amalek", "*ûmiššəlal*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and from spoil of", "*Hădadʿezer*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadadezer", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Rəḥōb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Rehob", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Ṣôbâ*": "proper noun - Zobah" }, "variants": { "*šəlal*": "spoil/plunder/booty" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.13", "source": "וַיַּ֤עַשׂ דָּוִד֙ שֵׁ֔ם בְּשֻׁב֕וֹ מֵהַכּוֹת֥וֹ אֶת־אֲרָ֖ם בְּגֵיא־מֶ֑לַח שְׁמוֹנָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿaś* *Dāwid* *šēm* in *bəšubô* from *hakkôtô* *ʾet*-*ʾĂrām* in *gêʾ*-*melaḥ* eighteen *ʾālef*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿaś*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *ʿāśâ* - and he made", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular - name/reputation", "*bəšubô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his returning/when he returned", "*mēhakkôtô*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his defeating", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾĂrām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria", "*bəgêʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in valley of", "*melaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - salt", "*šəmônâ ʿāśār*": "cardinal number, masculine - eighteen", "*ʾālef*": "noun, masculine singular - thousand" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿaś šēm*": "made a name/gained renown/established reputation", "*gêʾ-melaḥ*": "Valley of Salt" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.14", "source": "וַיָּ֨שֶׂם בֶּאֱד֜וֹם נְצִבִ֗ים בְּכָל־אֱדוֹם֙ שָׂ֣ם נְצִבִ֔ים וַיְהִ֥י כָל־אֱד֖וֹם עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֑ד וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ׃", "text": "And *wayyāśem* in *ʾĔdôm* *nəṣibîm* in all-*ʾĔdôm* *śām* *nəṣibîm* and *wayəhî* all-*ʾĔdôm* *ʿăbādîm* to *Dāwid* and *wayyôšaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Dāwid* in all that he *hālāk*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāśem*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *śîm* - and he placed/set", "*beʾĔdôm*": "preposition + proper noun - in Edom", "*nəṣibîm*": "noun, masculine plural - garrisons/officials", "*bəkol*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*śām*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he placed/set", "*nəṣibîm*": "noun, masculine plural - garrisons/officials", "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and became", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all", "*ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*ʿăbādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - servants", "*ləDāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for David", "*wayyôšaʿ*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *yāšaʿ* - and he saved/delivered", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*bəkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*hālāk*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he went" }, "variants": { "*nəṣibîm*": "garrisons/officials/governors/prefects", "*wayyôšaʿ*": "saved/delivered/gave victory to", "*ʿăbādîm*": "servants/slaves/subjects" } }
• 2 Sam 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.3.1", "source": "וַתְּהִ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ אֲרֻכָּ֔ה בֵּ֚ין בֵּ֣ית שָׁא֔וּל וּבֵ֖ין בֵּ֣ית דָּוִ֑ד וְדָוִד֙ הֹלֵ֣ךְ וְחָזֵ֔ק וּבֵ֥ית שָׁא֖וּל הֹלְכִ֥ים וְדַלִּֽים׃", "text": "*wā-tehî* the *milḥāmāh* *'ărūkkāh* between *bêt* *šā'ûl* and-between *bêt* *dāwid* and-*dāwid* *hōlēk* and-*ḥāzēq* and-*bêt* *šā'ûl* *hōlkîm* and-*dallîm*", "grammar": { "*wā-tehî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it was/became", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*'ărūkkāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - long/prolonged", "*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of", "*šā'ûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*hōlēk*": "qal participle, masculine singular - going/walking/advancing", "*ḥāzēq*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong/becoming stronger", "*hōlkîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - going/walking/becoming", "*dallîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - weak/becoming weaker" }, "variants": { "*wā-tehî*": "and it happened/and it continued", "*'ărūkkāh*": "prolonged/protracted/long-lasting", "*hōlēk*": "proceeding/advancing/growing/continuing", "*ḥāzēq*": "strong/powerful/growing stronger", "*dallîm*": "weak/feeble/growing weaker/diminishing" } }
• Deut 28:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.13", "source": "וּנְתֽ͏ָנְךָ֨ יְהוָ֤ה לְרֹאשׁ֙ וְלֹ֣א לְזָנָ֔ב וְהָיִ֙יתָ֙ רַ֣ק לְמַ֔עְלָה וְלֹ֥א תִהְיֶ֖ה לְמָ֑טָּה כִּֽי־תִשְׁמַ֞ע אֶל־מִצְוֺ֣ת ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֧י מְצַוְּךָ֛ הַיּ֖וֹם לִשְׁמֹ֥ר וְלַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃", "text": "And he will *nĕtānĕkā* *YHWH* for *lĕrōʾš* and not for *lĕzānāb* and you will be *wĕhāyîtā* only for *lĕmaʿlāh* and not you will be *tihyeh* for *lĕmāṭṭāh* when *tišmaʿ* to *miṣwōt* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* which *ʾānōkî* *mĕṣawwĕkā* the *hayyôm* to *lišmōr* and to *laʿăśôt*.", "grammar": { "*nĕtānĕkā*": "perfect, consecutive, Qal, 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and he will make you", "*YHWH*": "proper name - the LORD", "*lĕrōʾš*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for the head", "*lĕzānāb*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for the tail", "*wĕhāyîtā*": "perfect, consecutive, Qal, 2nd masculine singular - and you will be", "*lĕmaʿlāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for above", "*tihyeh*": "imperfect, Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will be", "*lĕmāṭṭāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for below", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect, Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will listen", "*miṣwōt*": "feminine plural construct - commandments of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*mĕṣawwĕkā*": "participle, Piel, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - commanding you", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day/today", "*lišmōr*": "infinitive construct - to keep", "*laʿăśôt*": "infinitive construct - to do" }, "variants": { "*lĕrōʾš wĕlōʾ lĕzānāb*": "for the head and not for the tail [idiom for leadership/superiority]", "*lĕmaʿlāh wĕlōʾ lĕmāṭṭāh*": "for above and not for below [metaphor for high position/status]", "*lišmōr wĕlaʿăśôt*": "to keep and to do/observe and perform" } }
• 2 Sam 19:9 : 9 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.19.9", "source": "וַיָּ֥קָם הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב בַּשָּׁ֑עַר וּֽלְכָל־הָעָ֞ם הִגִּ֣ידוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִנֵּ֤ה הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיָּבֹ֤א כָל־הָעָם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נָ֖ס אִ֥ישׁ לְאֹהָלָֽיו׃", "text": "*wə-yāqām* the *melekh* *wə-yēshev* in the *sha'ar* and to all the *'ām* *higgîdû* *lē'mōr* *hinnēh* the *melekh* *yôshēv* in the *sha'ar* *wə-yāvō'* all the *'ām* to *pənê* the *melekh* and *yiśrā'ēl* *nās* *'îsh* to *'ōhālāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāqām*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arose", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*wə-yēshev*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sat", "*sha'ar*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition - in the gate", "*'ām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*higgîdû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they told", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*yôshēv*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - sitting", "*wə-yāvō'*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and came", "*pənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - before/face of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*nās*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - fled", "*'îsh*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*'ōhālāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his tents" }, "variants": { "*higgîdû*": "told/reported/declared/announced", "*lē'mōr*": "saying/to say", "*lifnê*": "before/in front of/in the presence of", "*nās*": "fled/escaped/ran away", "*'ōhālāyw*": "to his tents/to his home (idiom)" } }
• 2 Sam 19:14 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.19.14", "source": "וְלַֽעֲמָשָׂא֙ תֹּֽמְר֔וּ הֲל֛וֹא עַצְמִ֥י וּבְשָׂרִ֖י אָ֑תָּה כֹּ֣ה יַֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֤י אֱלֹהִים֙ וְכֹ֣ה יוֹסִ֔יף אִם־לֹ֠א שַׂר־צָבָ֞א תִּהְיֶ֧ה לְפָנַ֛י כָּל־הַיָּמִ֖ים תַּ֥חַת יוֹאָֽב", "text": "*wəlaʿămāśāʾ* *tōmərû* *hălôʾ* *ʿaṣmî* *ûbəśārî* *ʾāttāh* *kōh* *yaʿăśeh*-*lî* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wəkōh* *yôsîp* *ʾim*-*lōʾ* *śar*-*ṣābāʾ* *tihyeh* *ləpānay* *kol*-*hayyāmîm* *taḥat* *yôʾāb*", "grammar": { "*wəlaʿămāśāʾ*": "conjunction + preposition + proper name - and to Amasa", "*tōmərû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall say", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not", "*ʿaṣmî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my bone", "*ûbəśārî*": "conjunction + preposition + noun with 1st person suffix - and my flesh", "*ʾāttāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*yaʿăśeh*-*lî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 1st person suffix - he will do to me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (divine name) - God", "*wəkōh*": "conjunction + adverb - and thus", "*yôsîp*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will add", "*ʾim*-*lōʾ*": "conditional particle + negative particle - if not", "*śar*-*ṣābāʾ*": "noun construct + noun - commander of army", "*tihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will be", "*ləpānay*": "preposition + noun with 1st person suffix - before me", "*kol*-*hayyāmîm*": "noun construct + definite article + noun - all the days", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of", "*yôʾāb*": "proper name - Joab" }, "variants": { "*ʿaṣmî*": "my bone/my body/my essence", "*bəśārî*": "my flesh/my blood relation", "*kōh* *yaʿăśeh*-*lî* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wəkōh* *yôsîp*": "oath formula: may God do so to me and more also", "*ləpānay*": "before me/in my presence" } }
• 2 Sam 20:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.20.1", "source": "וְשָׁ֨ם נִקְרָ֜א אִ֣ישׁ בְּלִיַּ֗עַל וּשְׁמ֛וֹ שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִ֖י אִ֣ישׁ יְמִינִ֑י וַיִּתְקַ֣ע בַּשֹּׁפָ֗ר וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אֵֽין־לָ֨נוּ חֵ֜לֶק בְּדָוִ֗ד וְלֹ֤א נֽ͏ַחֲלָה־לָ֙נוּ֙ בְּבֶן־יִשַׁ֔י אִ֥ישׁ לְאֹהָלָ֖יו יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *šām* *niqrāʾ* *ʾîš* *bᵉliyyaʿal* and *šᵉmô* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî* *ʾîš* *yᵉmînî* and he *tāqaʿ* in the *šôpār* and *ʾāmar*: *ʾên*-to us *ḥēleq* in *dāwid*, and not *naḥălâ*-to us in *ben*-*yišay*, *ʾîš* to his *ʾōhālâw* *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*niqrāʾ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was called/happened to be", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*bᵉliyyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness", "*šᵉmô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri", "*yᵉmînî*": "adjective, masculine singular - Benjamite/of the right hand", "*tāqaʿ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he blew", "*šôpār*": "noun, masculine singular - horn/trumpet", "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular - portion/share", "*naḥălâ*": "noun, feminine singular - inheritance/possession", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*yišay*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jesse", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*ʾōhālâw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his tents", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*šām*": "there/at that place/then", "*niqrāʾ*": "was called/happened to be/was encountered", "*bᵉliyyaʿal*": "worthlessness/wickedness/destruction", "*yᵉmînî*": "Benjamite/of the right hand/from the tribe of Benjamin", "*tāqaʿ*": "blew/sounded/thrust", "*ʾên*": "there is not/without/no", "*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/part", "*naḥălâ*": "inheritance/possession/property" } } 2 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.20.2", "source": "וַיַּ֜עַל כָּל־אִ֤ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֣בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִ֑י וְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ דָּבְק֣וּ בְמַלְכָּ֔ם מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן וְעַד־יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And *ʿālâ* all-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* from *ʾaḥărê* *dāwid*, *ʾaḥărê* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî*; and *ʾîš* *yᵉhûdâ* *dāvᵉqû* in their *meleḵ*, from-the *yardēn* and unto-*yᵉrûšālayim*.", "grammar": { "*ʿālâ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went up", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - from after/from following", "*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/following", "*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*dāvᵉqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they clung/adhered", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their king", "*yardēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jordan", "*yᵉrûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʿālâ*": "went up/ascended/departed", "*ʾaḥărê*": "after/following/from behind", "*dāvᵉqû*": "clung/adhered/remained loyal to", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler/sovereign" } }
• 2 Sam 20:22 : 22 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.20.22", "source": "וַתָּבוֹא֩ הָאִשָּׁ֨ה אֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֜ם בְּחָכְמָתָ֗הּ וַֽיִּכְרְת֞וּ אֶת־רֹ֨אשׁ שֶׁ֤בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִי֙ וַיַּשְׁלִ֣כוּ אֶל־יוֹאָ֔ב וַיִּתְקַע֙ בַּשּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַיָּפֻ֥צוּ מֵֽעַל־הָעִ֖יר אִ֣ישׁ לְאֹהָלָ֑יו וְיוֹאָ֛ב שָׁ֥ב יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם אֶל־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And *bôʾ* the-*ʾiššâ* to all-the-*ʿām* in-*ḥoḵmâ*-her and *kārat* *ʾet*-*rōʾš* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî* and *šālaḵ* to-*yôʾāv*, and *tāqaʿ* in the-*šôpār* and *pûṣ* from upon-the-*ʿîr* *ʾîš* to-*ʾōhel*-his; and *yôʾāv* *šûv* *yᵉrûšālayim* to-the-*meleḵ*.", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and she went", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the woman", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*ḥoḵmâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her wisdom", "*kārat*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they cut off", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri", "*šālaḵ*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they threw", "*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab", "*tāqaʿ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he blew", "*šôpār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the horn", "*pûṣ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they dispersed", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*ʾōhel*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his tents", "*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab", "*šûv*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - returned", "*yᵉrûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "went/came/entered", "*ḥoḵmâ*": "wisdom/skill/intelligence", "*kārat*": "cut off/removed/severed", "*šālaḵ*": "threw/cast/tossed", "*tāqaʿ*": "blew/sounded/trumpeted", "*šôpār*": "horn/trumpet", "*pûṣ*": "dispersed/scattered/went away", "*šûv*": "returned/went back/came back" } }
• Ps 2:1-6 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.1", "source": "לָ֭מָּה רָגְשׁ֣וּ גוֹיִ֑ם וּ֝לְאֻמִּ֗ים יֶהְגּוּ־רִֽיק", "text": "*lāmmâ* *rāḡəšû* *gôyim* *û-ləʾummîm* *yehgû*-*rîq*", "grammar": { "*lāmmâ*": "interrogative adverb - why/for what reason", "*rāḡəšû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they rage/are in tumult", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/gentiles", "*û-ləʾummîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and peoples/nations", "*yehgû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they meditate/mutter/plot", "*rîq*": "masculine singular noun - emptiness/vanity" }, "variants": { "*rāḡəšû*": "rage/gather tumultuously/conspire", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/heathen peoples", "*yehgû*": "meditate/mutter/plot/imagine", "*rîq*": "emptiness/vanity/worthlessness/futility" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.2", "source": "יִ֥תְיַצְּב֨וּ ׀ מַלְכֵי־אֶ֗רֶץ וְרוֹזְנִ֥ים נֽוֹסְדוּ־יָ֑חַד עַל־יְ֝הוָה וְעַל־מְשִׁיחֽוֹ", "text": "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû* *malḵê*-*ʾereṣ* *wə-rôzənîm* *nôsəḏû*-*yāḥaḏ* *ʿal*-*YHWH* *wə-ʿal*-*məšîḥô*", "grammar": { "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd person plural - they set themselves/take a stand", "*malḵê*": "construct masculine plural noun - kings of", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*wə-rôzənîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and rulers/princes", "*nôsəḏû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they take counsel together/consult together", "*yāḥaḏ*": "adverb - together/unitedly", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/upon", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and against", "*məšîḥô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anointed one" }, "variants": { "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "take a stand/set themselves/station themselves", "*rôzənîm*": "rulers/princes/potentates", "*nôsəḏû*": "consult together/take counsel together/conspire", "*məšîḥô*": "his anointed one/his messiah" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.3", "source": "נְֽ֭נַתְּקָה אֶת־מֽוֹסְרוֹתֵ֑ימוֹ וְנַשְׁלִ֖יכָה מִמֶּ֣נּוּ עֲבֹתֵֽימוֹ", "text": "*nənatəqâ* *ʾeṯ*-*môsərôṯêmô* *wə-našlîḵâ* *mimmennû* *ʿăḇōṯêmô*", "grammar": { "*nənatəqâ*": "piel cohortative, 1st person plural - let us tear off/break", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*môsərôṯêmô*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bonds/fetters", "*wə-našlîḵâ*": "conjunction + hiphil cohortative, 1st person plural - and let us cast away", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - from us", "*ʿăḇōṯêmô*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their cords/ropes" }, "variants": { "*nənatəqâ*": "let us tear off/break/snap", "*môsərôṯêmô*": "their bonds/fetters/restraints", "*našlîḵâ*": "let us cast away/throw off/fling", "*ʿăḇōṯêmô*": "their cords/ropes/bonds" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.4", "source": "יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם יִשְׂחָ֑ק אֲ֝דֹנָ֗י יִלְעַג־לָֽמוֹ", "text": "*yôšēḇ* *baššāmayim* *yiśḥāq* *ʾăḏōnāy* *yilʿaḡ*-*lāmô*", "grammar": { "*yôšēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - the one sitting/dwelling", "*baššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the heavens", "*yiśḥāq*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he laughs/mocks", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "proper noun - Lord/Master", "*yilʿaḡ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he scoffs/mocks/derides", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - at them" }, "variants": { "*yôšēḇ*": "one sitting/dwelling/enthroned", "*yiśḥāq*": "laughs/mocks/ridicules", "*yilʿaḡ*": "scoffs/mocks/derides/holds in derision" } } 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.5", "source": "אָ֤ז יְדַבֵּ֣ר אֵלֵ֣ימוֹ בְאַפּ֑וֹ וּֽבַחֲרוֹנ֥וֹ יְבַהֲלֵֽמוֹ", "text": "*ʾāz* *yəḏabbēr* *ʾēlêmô* *ḇəʾappô* *û-ḇaḥărônô* *yəḇahălēmô*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*yəḏabbēr*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will speak", "*ʾēlêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ḇəʾappô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his anger/nostril", "*û-ḇaḥărônô*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and in his burning anger/wrath", "*yəḇahălēmô*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will terrify/dismay them" }, "variants": { "*yəḏabbēr*": "speak/rebuke/address", "*ḇəʾappô*": "in his anger/nostril/face", "*ḥărônô*": "burning anger/fierce wrath/rage", "*yəḇahălēmô*": "terrify/dismay/alarm/overwhelm them" } } 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.6", "source": "וַ֭אֲנִי נָסַ֣כְתִּי מַלְכִּ֑י עַל־צִ֝יּ֗וֹן הַר־קָדְשִֽׁי", "text": "*wa-ʾănî* *nāsaḵtî* *malkî* *ʿal*-*ṣiyyôn* *har*-*qāḏšî*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - and I", "*nāsaḵtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have installed/established", "*malkî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my king", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/over", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*har*": "masculine singular construct noun - mountain of", "*qāḏšî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my holiness/holy place" }, "variants": { "*nāsaḵtî*": "installed/established/set/anointed", "*ṣiyyôn*": "Zion (the hill of Jerusalem)", "*har-qāḏšî*": "my holy mountain/mountain of my holiness/my sacred hill" } }
• Ps 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.8", "source": "שְׁאַ֤ל מִמֶּ֗נִּי וְאֶתְּנָ֣ה ג֭וֹיִם נַחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ וַ֝אֲחֻזָּתְךָ֗ אַפְסֵי־אָֽרֶץ", "text": "*šəʾal* *mimmennî* *wə-ʾettənâ* *ḡôyim* *naḥălāṯeḵā* *wa-ʾăḥuzzāṯəḵā* *ʾap̄sê*-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*šəʾal*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - ask", "*mimmennî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from me", "*wə-ʾettənâ*": "conjunction + qal cohortative, 1st person singular - and I will give", "*ḡôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/gentiles", "*naḥălāṯeḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your inheritance", "*wa-ʾăḥuzzāṯəḵā*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your possession", "*ʾap̄sê*": "masculine plural construct noun - ends of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*šəʾal*": "ask/request/demand", "*ḡôyim*": "nations/gentiles/heathen peoples", "*naḥălāṯeḵā*": "your inheritance/heritage/possession", "*ʾăḥuzzāṯəḵā*": "your possession/property/holding", "*ʾap̄sê-ʾāreṣ*": "ends of the earth/uttermost parts of the land" } }
• Ps 18:43 : 43 { "verseID": "Psalms.18.43", "source": "וְֽאֶשְׁחָקֵ֗ם כְּעָפָ֥ר עַל־פְּנֵי־ר֑וּחַ כְּטִ֖יט חוּצ֣וֹת אֲרִיקֵֽם׃", "text": "And *eshchaqem* like *afar* upon-*peney*-*ruach* like *tit* *chutsot* *ariqem*.", "grammar": { "*eshchaqem*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I pulverized them", "*afar*": "masculine singular noun - dust", "*peney*": "construct state, masculine plural - face of", "*ruach*": "feminine singular noun - wind", "*tit*": "masculine singular noun - mud/clay", "*chutsot*": "masculine plural noun - streets", "*ariqem*": "hifil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will empty them" }, "variants": { "*eshchaqem*": "I pulverized them/I crushed them/I ground them", "*afar*": "dust/dirt/powder", "*peney*": "face of/surface of", "*ruach*": "wind/breath/spirit", "*tit*": "mud/clay/mire", "*chutsot*": "streets/outside places/public areas", "*ariqem*": "I will empty them/I will pour them out/I will tread them down" } }
• Ps 60:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.60.8", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ דִּבֶּ֥ר בְּקָדְשׁ֗וֹ אֶ֫עְלֹ֥זָה אֲחַלְּקָ֥ה שְׁכֶ֑ם וְעֵ֖מֶק סֻכּ֣וֹת אֲמַדֵּֽד׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* *dibber* in-*qādšô* *ʾeʿlōzâ* *ʾăḥallĕqâ* *šĕḵem* and-*ʿēmeq* *sukkôt* *ʾămaddēd*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (divine plural) - God", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has spoken", "*qādšô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his holiness/sanctuary", "*ʾeʿlōzâ*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - I will exult", "*ʾăḥallĕqâ*": "piel imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - I will divide", "*šĕḵem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*ʿēmeq*": "masculine singular construct - valley of", "*sukkôt*": "proper noun - Succoth", "*ʾămaddēd*": "piel imperfect 1st common singular - I will measure out" }, "variants": { "*dibber*": "he has spoken/promised/declared", "*qādšô*": "his holiness/sanctuary/holy place", "*ʾeʿlōzâ*": "I will exult/rejoice/triumph", "*ʾăḥallĕqâ*": "I will divide/apportion/distribute", "*ʾămaddēd*": "I will measure out/survey/allot" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.60.9", "source": "לִ֤י גִלְעָ֨ד ׀ וְלִ֬י מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה וְ֭אֶפְרַיִם מָע֣וֹז רֹאשִׁ֑י יְ֝הוּדָ֗ה מְחֹֽקְקִי׃", "text": "To-me *gilʿād* and-to-me *mĕnaššeh* and-*ʾep̄rayim* *māʿôz* *rōʾšî* *yĕhûdâ* *mĕḥōqqî*", "grammar": { "*gilʿād*": "proper noun - Gilead", "*mĕnaššeh*": "proper noun - Manasseh", "*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*māʿôz*": "masculine singular construct - stronghold of", "*rōʾšî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my head", "*yĕhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*mĕḥōqqî*": "poel participle masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my lawgiver" }, "variants": { "*māʿôz*": "stronghold/fortress/protection of", "*mĕḥōqqî*": "my lawgiver/my ruler's staff/my commander" } }
• Ps 72:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.72.8", "source": "וְ֭יֵרְדְּ מִיָּ֣ם עַד־יָ֑ם וּ֝מִנָּהָ֗ר עַד־אַפְסֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "and-*yērədə* from-*yām* unto-*yām* and-from-*nāhār* unto-*ʾapsê*-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yērədə*": "conjunction + verb, imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he will rule/dominate", "*mi-yām*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - from sea", "*ʿad-yām*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - unto sea", "*û-mi-nāhār*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine, singular - and from river", "*ʿad-ʾapsê*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural construct - unto ends of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*yērədə*": "he will rule/have dominion/govern", "*mi-yām ʿad-yām*": "from sea to sea/across all seas", "*nāhār*": "river/stream", "*ʾapsê-ʾāreṣ*": "ends of the earth/extremities of the land/most distant parts" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.72.9", "source": "לְ֭פָנָיו יִכְרְע֣וּ צִיִּ֑ים וְ֝אֹיְבָ֗יו עָפָ֥ר יְלַחֵֽכוּ׃", "text": "Before-*pānāyw* *yikrəʿû* *ṣîyîm* and-*ʾōyəbāyw* *ʿāpār* *yəlaḥēkû*", "grammar": { "*lə-pānāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him", "*yikrəʿû*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will bow down", "*ṣîyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - desert dwellers/wild animals", "*wə-ʾōyəbāyw*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his enemies", "*ʿāpār*": "noun, masculine, singular - dust", "*yəlaḥēkû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will lick" }, "variants": { "*pānāyw*": "his face/his presence/before him", "*yikrəʿû*": "they will bow/kneel/fall prostrate", "*ṣîyîm*": "desert dwellers/inhabitants of dry places/wild beasts", "*ʾōyəbāyw*": "his enemies/adversaries/foes", "*ʿāpār*": "dust/dirt/powder", "*yəlaḥēkû*": "they will lick/lap up" } }
• Ps 110:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.110.6", "source": "יָדִ֣ין בַּ֭גּוֹיִם מָלֵ֣א גְוִיּ֑וֹת מָ֥חַץ רֹ֝֗אשׁ עַל־אֶ֥רֶץ רַבָּֽה", "text": "*Yādîn* among the *gôyim*, *mālēʾ* *gěwiyyôt*; *māḥaṣ* *rōʾš* over-*ʾereṣ* *rabbâ*", "grammar": { "*Yādîn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will judge'", "*baggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - 'among the nations'", "*mālēʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he filled/fulfilled'", "*gěwiyyôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'bodies/corpses'", "*māḥaṣ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he struck/smashed/shattered'", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular noun - 'head/chief'", "*ʿal*-*ʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - 'over land/earth'", "*rabbâ*": "feminine singular adjective - 'great/many/much'" }, "variants": { "*Yādîn*": "he will judge/govern/contend with", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*mālēʾ*": "filled/fulfilled/satisfied", "*gěwiyyôt*": "bodies/corpses/carcasses", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/top/beginning", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory/ground", "*rabbâ*": "great/many/much/wide" } }
• Isa 60:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.12", "source": "כִּֽי־הַגּ֧וֹי וְהַמַּמְלָכָ֛ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יַעַבְד֖וּךְ יֹאבֵ֑דוּ וְהַגּוֹיִ֖ם חָרֹ֥ב יֶחֱרָֽבוּ׃", "text": "*kî-haggôy* *wə-hammamlāḵāh* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ-yaʿaḇḏûḵ* *yōʾḇēḏû* *wə-haggôyim* *ḥārōḇ* *yeḥĕrāḇû*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*haggôy*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the nation", "*wə-hammamlāḵāh*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the kingdom", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lōʾ-yaʿaḇḏûḵ*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal with 2nd feminine singular suffix - will not serve you", "*yōʾḇēḏû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they will perish", "*wə-haggôyim*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the nations", "*ḥārōḇ*": "infinitive absolute, qal - utterly", "*yeḥĕrāḇû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they will be laid waste" }, "variants": { "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentile", "*mamlāḵāh*": "kingdom/dominion/realm", "*yaʿaḇḏûḵ*": "will serve you/will work for you/will be subject to you", "*yōʾḇēḏû*": "they will perish/they will be destroyed/they will be ruined", "*ḥārōḇ yeḥĕrāḇû*": "will be utterly laid waste/will be completely devastated/will be totally ruined" } }
• Isa 65:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.65.1", "source": "נִדְרַ֙שְׁתִּי֙ לְל֣וֹא שָׁאָ֔לוּ נִמְצֵ֖אתִי לְלֹ֣א בִקְשֻׁ֑נִי אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ הִנֵּ֣נִי הִנֵּ֔נִי אֶל־גּ֖וֹי לֹֽא־קֹרָ֥א בִשְׁמִֽי׃", "text": "*nidrashti* to-not *shaʾalu* *nimtseʾti* to-not *biqshuni* *ʾamarti* *hinneni* *hinneni* to-*goy* not-*qaraʾ* in-*shemi*", "grammar": { "*nidrashti*": "Niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I was sought/inquired of", "*shaʾalu*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they asked", "*nimtseʾti*": "Niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I was found", "*biqshuni*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they sought me", "*ʾamarti*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said", "*hinneni*": "Interjection with 1st person singular suffix - here am I/behold me", "*goy*": "masculine singular noun - nation/people", "*qaraʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person singular - he called", "*shemi*": "noun with 1st person singular possessive suffix - my name" }, "variants": { "*nidrashti*": "I was inquired of/sought/consulted", "*shaʾalu*": "they asked/inquired/requested", "*nimtseʾti*": "I was found/discovered/met", "*biqshuni*": "they sought me/searched for me/looked for me", "*hinneni*": "behold me/here I am/I am present", "*goy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*qaraʾ*": "called/named/proclaimed", "*shemi*": "my name/my reputation" } }
• Dan 7:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Daniel.7.14", "source": "וְלֵה יְהִיב שָׁלְטָן וִיקָר וּמַלְכוּ וְכֹל עַמְמַיָּא אֻמַיָּא וְלִשָּׁנַיָּא לֵהּ יִפְלְחוּן שָׁלְטָנֵהּ שָׁלְטָן עָלַם דִּי־לָא יֶעְדֵּה וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּי־לָא תִתְחַבַּל", "text": "And to him *yəhîḇ* *šolṭān* and *wîqār* and *malḵû* and all *'amməmayāʾ* *ʾumayyāʾ* and *liššānayyāʾ* to him *yiflǝḥûn* his *šolṭānēh* *šolṭān* *'ālam* that not *ye'dēh* and his *malḵûṯēh* that not *ṯiṯḥabbal*", "grammar": { "*yəhîḇ*": "Pe'il perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was given", "*šolṭān*": "masculine singular noun - dominion/rule/authority", "*wîqār*": "masculine singular noun - glory/honor", "*malḵû*": "feminine singular noun - kingdom/kingship/royalty", "*'amməmayāʾ*": "masculine plural noun, emphatic state - peoples", "*ʾumayyāʾ*": "feminine plural noun, emphatic state - nations", "*liššānayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun, emphatic state - languages/tongues", "*yiflǝḥûn*": "Pe'al imperfect, 3rd plural - they will serve/worship", "*šolṭānēh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his dominion", "*'ālam*": "masculine singular noun - forever/eternity", "*ye'dēh*": "Pe'al imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will pass away", "*malḵûṯēh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his kingdom", "*ṯiṯḥabbal*": "Hithpa'al imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be destroyed/corrupted" }, "variants": { "*yəhîḇ*": "was given/granted/bestowed", "*šolṭān*": "dominion/rule/authority/power", "*wîqār*": "glory/honor/dignity", "*malḵû*": "kingdom/kingship/royal power", "*'amməmayāʾ*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*ʾumayyāʾ*": "nations/communities", "*liššānayyāʾ*": "languages/tongues/speech groups", "*yiflǝḥûn*": "will serve/worship/pay homage to", "*'ālam*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual", "*ye'dēh*": "will pass away/be removed", "*ṯiṯḥabbal*": "will be destroyed/corrupted/damaged/spoiled" } }
• Hos 2:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Hosea.2.23", "source": "‫וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא אֶֽעֱנֶה֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה אֶעֱנֶ֖ה אֶת־הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְהֵ֖ם יַעֲנ֥וּ אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃‬", "text": "And *wəhāyāh* in-the-*yôm* that *ʾeʿĕneh* *nəʾum*-*Yhwh*, *ʾeʿĕneh* *ʾet*-the-*šāmayim*, and they *yaʿănû* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - and it will be", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular - day", "*ʾeʿĕneh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will answer", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - declaration of", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - YHWH", "*ʾeʿĕneh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will answer", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - heavens", "*yaʿănû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural, masculine - they will answer", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth" }, "variants": { "*wəhāyāh*": "and it will be/happen/come to pass", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*ʾeʿĕneh*": "I will answer/respond/hear", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of", "*Yhwh*": "YHWH/the LORD/Yahweh", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*yaʿănû*": "they will answer/respond/hear", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } }
• Acts 4:25-28 : 25 { "verseID": "Acts.4.25", "source": "Ὁ διὰ στόματος Δαυίδ τοῦ παιδός σου εἰπών, Ἱνα τί ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη, καὶ λαοὶ ἐμελέτησαν κενά;", "text": "The [one] through *stomatos* *David* the *paidos* of you *eipōn*, Why *ephryaxan* *ethnē*, and *laoi* *emeletēsan* *kena*?", "grammar": { "*stomatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - mouth", "*David*": "genitive, masculine, singular - David", "*paidos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - servant/child", "*eipōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having said", "*ephryaxan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - raged/were furious", "*ethnē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - nations/Gentiles", "*laoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - peoples", "*emeletēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - plotted/devised/imagined", "*kena*": "accusative, neuter, plural - empty/vain things" }, "variants": { "*stomatos*": "mouth/speech", "*paidos*": "servant/child", "*eipōn*": "having spoken/said", "*ephryaxan*": "raged/were furious/made an uproar", "*ethnē*": "nations/Gentiles/peoples", "*emeletēsan*": "plotted/devised/meditated upon", "*kena*": "empty/vain/futile things" } } 26 { "verseID": "Acts.4.26", "source": "Παρέστησαν οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς, καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ κατὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ κατὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ.", "text": "*Parestēsan* the *basileis* of the *gēs*, and the *archontes* *synēchthēsan* *epi* the same against the *Kyriou*, and against the *Christou* of him.", "grammar": { "*Parestēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - stood/took a stand", "*basileis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - kings", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*archontes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - rulers", "*synēchthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural - were gathered together", "*epi*": "preposition + accusative - upon/for", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Christ/Anointed One" }, "variants": { "*Parestēsan*": "took their stand/stood up/presented themselves", "*basileis*": "kings/monarchs/rulers", "*archontes*": "rulers/leaders/authorities", "*synēchthēsan*": "were gathered/assembled together", "*epi* *to* *auto*": "together/for the same purpose", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/Master", "*Christou*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" } } 27 { "verseID": "Acts.4.27", "source": "Συνήχθησαν γὰρ, ἐπʼ ἀληθείας ἐπὶ τὸν ἅγιον παῖδά σου Ἰησοῦν, ὃν ἔχρισας, Ἡρῴδης τε, καὶ Πόντιος Πιλάτος, σὺν Ἔθνεσιν, καὶ λαοῖς Ἰσραήλ,", "text": "*Synēchthēsan* *gar*, *ep'* *alētheias* against the *hagion* *paida* of you *Iēsoun*, whom *echrisas*, *Hērōdēs* *te*, and *Pontios* *Pilatos*, with *Ethnesin*, and *laois* *Israēl*,", "grammar": { "*Synēchthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural - were gathered together", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*ep'*": "preposition + genitive - upon/in", "*alētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - truth", "*hagion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - holy", "*paida*": "accusative, masculine, singular - servant/child", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*echrisas*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd singular - you anointed", "*Hērōdēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Herod", "*te*": "conjunction - and/both", "*Pontios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Pontius", "*Pilatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Pilate", "*Ethnesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - Gentiles/nations", "*laois*": "dative, masculine, plural - peoples", "*Israēl*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Israel" }, "variants": { "*Synēchthēsan*": "were gathered/assembled together", "*ep'* *alētheias*": "truly/in truth/indeed", "*hagion*": "holy/set apart", "*paida*": "servant/child", "*echrisas*": "you anointed/appointed/consecrated", "*Ethnesin*": "Gentiles/nations/peoples" } } 28 { "verseID": "Acts.4.28", "source": "Ποιῆσαι ὅσα ἡ χείρ σου καὶ ἡ βουλή σου προώρισεν γενέσθαι.", "text": "To *poiēsai* whatever the *cheir* of you and the *boulē* of you *proōrisen* *genesthai*.", "grammar": { "*poiēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to do", "*cheir*": "nominative, feminine, singular - hand", "*boulē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - counsel/purpose", "*proōrisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - predetermined/foreordained", "*genesthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to become/happen" }, "variants": { "*poiēsai*": "to do/perform/accomplish", "*cheir*": "hand/power", "*boulē*": "counsel/purpose/plan/will", "*proōrisen*": "predetermined/foreordained/predestined", "*genesthai*": "to happen/come to pass/take place" } }
• Acts 5:30-31 : 30 { "verseID": "Acts.5.30", "source": "Ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν ἤγειρεν Ἰησοῦν, ὃν ὑμεῖς διεχειρίσασθε κρεμάσαντες ἐπὶ ξύλου.", "text": "The *Theos* of the *paterōn* of us *ēgeiren* *Iēsoun*, whom you *diecheirisasthe* *kremasantes* *epi* *xylou*.", "grammar": { "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - fathers", "*ēgeiren*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - raised up", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*diecheirisasthe*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 2nd plural - killed/put to death", "*kremasantes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having hanged", "*epi*": "preposition + genitive - on/upon", "*xylou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - wood/tree" }, "variants": { "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*ēgeiren*": "raised up/resurrected/brought back to life", "*diecheirisasthe*": "put to death/killed/executed", "*kremasantes*": "hanging/suspending", "*xylou*": "tree/wood/timber (euphemism for cross)" } } 31 { "verseID": "Acts.5.31", "source": "Τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς Ἀρχηγὸν καὶ Σωτῆρα ὕψωσεν τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ, δοῦναι μετάνοιαν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν.", "text": "This one the *Theos* *Archēgon* and *Sōtēra* *hypsōsen* to the *dexia* of him, to *dounai* *metanoian* to the *Israēl*, and *aphesin* of *hamartiōn*.", "grammar": { "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*Archēgon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Prince/Leader/Author", "*Sōtēra*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Savior", "*hypsōsen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - exalted/lifted up", "*dexia*": "dative, feminine, singular - right hand", "*dounai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to give", "*metanoian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - repentance", "*Israēl*": "dative, masculine, singular - Israel", "*aphesin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - forgiveness/remission", "*hamartiōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of sins" }, "variants": { "*Archēgon*": "Prince/Leader/Author/Originator", "*Sōtēra*": "Savior/Deliverer/Preserver", "*hypsōsen*": "exalted/lifted up/raised to honor", "*dexia*": "right hand (symbolizing power and authority)", "*metanoian*": "repentance/change of mind", "*aphesin*": "forgiveness/remission/release from" } }
• Rom 9:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Romans.9.25", "source": "Ὡς καὶ ἐν τῷ Ὡσηὲ Λέγει, Καλέσω τὸν οὐ λαόν μου, λαόν μου· καὶ τὴν οὐκ ἠγαπημένην, ἠγαπημένην.", "text": "As also in *Hōsēe Legei*, I will *kalesō* the not *laon* of me, *laon* of me; and the not *ēgapēmenēn*, *ēgapēmenēn*.", "grammar": { "*Hōsēe*": "dative, masculine, singular - in Hosea", "*Legei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - he says", "*kalesō*": "future, indicative, active, 1st person singular - I will call", "*laon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - people", "*ēgapēmenēn*": "perfect, participle, passive, accusative, feminine, singular - having been loved" }, "variants": { "*Legei*": "he says/speaks/tells", "*kalesō*": "I will call/name/designate", "*laon*": "people/nation/folk", "*ēgapēmenēn*": "having been loved/beloved" } }
• Rom 15:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Romans.15.12", "source": "Καὶ πάλιν, Ἠσαΐας λέγει, Ἔσται ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαί, καὶ ὁ ἀνιστάμενος ἄρχειν Ἐθνῶν· ἐπʼ αὐτῷ Ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν.", "text": "And again, *Ēsaias* *legei*, There shall be the *rhiza* of *Iessai*, and the one *anistamenos* to *archein* of *Ethnōn*; in him *Ethnē* shall *elpiousin*.", "grammar": { "*Ēsaias*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Isaiah", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says", "*rhiza*": "nominative, feminine, singular - root", "*Iessai*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Jesse", "*anistamenos*": "present middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - rising up", "*archein*": "present active infinitive - to rule", "*Ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of Gentiles/nations", "*Ethnē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - Gentiles/nations", "*elpiousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - they will hope" }, "variants": { "*Ēsaias*": "Isaiah/Esaias", "*legei*": "says/speaks", "*rhiza*": "root/shoot/offspring", "*anistamenos*": "rising up/standing up/appearing", "*archein*": "to rule/to govern/to reign over", "*Ethnōn*": "of Gentiles/of nations/of peoples", "*Ethnē*": "Gentiles/nations/peoples", "*elpiousin*": "they will hope/they will trust/they will put confidence" } }
• Rev 11:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Revelation.11.15", "source": "Καὶ ὁ ἕβδομος ἄγγελος ἐσάλπισεν· καὶ ἐγένοντο φωναὶ μεγάλαι ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, λέγουσαι, Ἐγένοντο αἱ βασιλεῖαι τοῦ κόσμου τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, καὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ· καὶ βασιλεύσει εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων.", "text": "And the *hebdomos* *angelos* *esalpisen*; and *egenonto* *phōnai* *megalai* in the *ouranō*, *legousai*, Have *egenonto* the *basileiai* of the *kosmou* of the *Kyriou* of us, and of the *Christou* of him; and he will *basileusei* into the *aiōnas* of the *aiōnōn*.", "grammar": { "*hebdomos*": "nominative masculine singular - seventh", "*angelos*": "nominative masculine singular - angel/messenger", "*esalpisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he sounded trumpet", "*egenonto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural - became/happened", "*phōnai*": "nominative feminine plural - voices/sounds", "*megalai*": "nominative feminine plural - great/loud", "*ouranō*": "dative masculine singular - in heaven", "*legousai*": "present active participle, nominative feminine plural - saying", "*basileiai*": "nominative feminine plural - kingdoms", "*kosmou*": "genitive masculine singular - of world", "*Kyriou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Lord", "*Christou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Christ/Anointed One", "*basileusei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - he will reign", "*aiōnas*": "accusative masculine plural - ages", "*aiōnōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of ages" }, "variants": { "*angelos*": "angel/messenger", "*esalpisen*": "sounded trumpet/blew trumpet", "*egenonto*": "became/happened/came to be", "*phōnai*": "voices/sounds", "*megalai*": "great/loud/powerful", "*legousai*": "saying/speaking", "*basileiai*": "kingdoms/dominions/realms", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/order", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/Master", "*Christou*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*basileusei*": "will reign/rule/be king", "*aiōnas*": "ages/eternities/eons", "*aiōnōn*": "of ages/of eternities/forever" } }
• 2 Sam 5:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.5.1", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד חֶבְר֑וֹנָה וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנְנ֛וּ עַצְמְךָ֥ וּֽבְשָׂרְךָ֖ אֲנָֽחְנוּ׃", "text": "*wə-yābōʾû* all-*šiḇṭê* *yiśrāʾēl* to-*dāwid* *ḥeḇrônāh* *wə-yōʾmərû* to say, *hinnənû* *ʿaṣməḵā* and-*bəśārəḵā* *ʾănāḥnû*", "grammar": { "*wə-yābōʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd plural - and they came", "*šiḇṭê*": "construct plural - tribes of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ḥeḇrônāh*": "proper noun with directional he - to Hebron", "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd plural - and they said", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hinnənû*": "presentative particle + 1st person plural suffix - behold us", "*ʿaṣməḵā*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your bone", "*bəśārəḵā*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your flesh", "*ʾănāḥnû*": "1st person plural pronoun - we" }, "variants": { "*hinnənû*": "behold us/here we are", "*ʿaṣməḵā*": "your bone/your relative/your kindred", "*bəśārəḵā*": "your flesh/your relative/your kindred" } }
• 2 Sam 18:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.18.6", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֥א הָעָ֛ם הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה לִקְרַ֣את יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַתְּהִ֥י הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה בְּיַ֥עַר אֶפְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wa-yēṣēʾ ha-ʿām ha-śādeh* to-meet *Yiśrāʾēl* *wa-təhî ha-milḥāmāh* in-forest-of *ʾEp̄rāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yēṣēʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and went out", "*ha-ʿām*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the people/troops", "*ha-śādeh*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the field/battlefield", "*liqraʾt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to meet/encounter", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel", "*wa-təhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and was", "*ha-milḥāmāh*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the battle", "*yaʿar*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - forest of", "*ʾEp̄rāyim*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ephraim" }, "variants": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "to go out/come out/proceed", "*śādeh*": "field/open country/territory", "*qārāʾ*": "to meet/encounter/confront", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting", "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded area" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.18.7", "source": "וַיִּנָּ֤גְפוּ שָׁם֙ עַ֣ם יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִפְנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַתְּהִי־שָׁ֞ם הַמַּגֵּפָ֧ה גְדוֹלָ֛ה בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא עֶשְׂרִ֥ים אָֽלֶף׃", "text": "*wa-yinnāgəp̄û* there *ʿam Yiśrāʾēl* before *ʿaḇdê Dāwid* *wa-təhî*-there *ha-maggēp̄āh gədôlāh* in-*ha-yôm ha-hûʾ* twenty thousand.", "grammar": { "*wa-yinnāgəp̄û*": "waw-consecutive + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they were defeated", "*ʿam*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel", "*lip̄nê*": "preposition + common noun masculine plural construct - before", "*ʿaḇdê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - servants of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*wa-təhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and there was", "*ha-maggēp̄āh*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the slaughter/defeat/plague", "*gədôlāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - great/large", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the day", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*ʿeśrîm ʾālep̄*": "numeral + common noun, masculine singular - twenty thousand" }, "variants": { "*nāgap̄*": "to strike/defeat/smite", "*ʿam*": "people/troops", "*ʿeḇed*": "servant/official/subject", "*maggēp̄āh*": "defeat/slaughter/plague" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.18.8", "source": "וַתְּהִי־שָׁ֧ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה נָפֹ֖צֶת עַל־פְּנֵ֣י כָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיֶּ֤רֶב הַיַּ֙עַר֙ לֶאֱכֹ֣ל בָּעָ֔ם מֵאֲשֶׁ֥ר אָכְלָ֛ה הַחֶ֖רֶב בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא׃", "text": "*wa-təhî*-there *ha-milḥāmāh nāp̄ōṣet* over-face-of all-*ha-ʾāreṣ* *wa-yereḇ ha-yaʿar* to-consume in-*ha-ʿām* from-that consumed *ha-ḥereḇ* in-*ha-yôm ha-hûʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wa-təhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and was", "*ha-milḥāmāh*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the battle", "*nāp̄ōṣet*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - scattered/spread", "*pənê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*kol-ha-ʾāreṣ*": "construct + definite article + common noun, feminine singular - all the land", "*wa-yereḇ*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and multiplied/increased", "*ha-yaʿar*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the forest", "*leʾĕḵōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to devour/consume", "*ba-ʿām*": "preposition + definite article + common noun - in the people", "*mēʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - from what/more than", "*ʾāḵəlāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - consumed/devoured", "*ha-ḥereḇ*": "definite article + common noun, feminine singular - the sword", "*ba-yôm ha-hûʾ*": "preposition + definite article + common noun + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - in that day" }, "variants": { "*pûṣ*": "to scatter/disperse/spread", "*pānîm*": "face/surface/front", "*rāḇāh*": "to multiply/increase/be many", "*ʾāḵal*": "to eat/consume/devour", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/warfare" } }