Verse 12

{ "verseID": "Hosea.7.12", "source": "כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵלֵ֗כוּ אֶפְר֤וֹשׂ עֲלֵיהֶם֙ רִשְׁתִּ֔י כְּע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם אֽוֹרִידֵ֑ם אַיְסִרֵ֕ם כְּשֵׁ֖מַע לַעֲדָתָֽם׃", "text": "As *yēlēḵû* *ʾep̄rôś* upon them *rištî* like *ʿôp̄* the *šāmayim* *ʾôrîḏēm* *ʾaysirēm* according to *šēmaʿ* to *ʿăḏāṯām*.", "grammar": { "*yēlēḵû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they go", "*ʾep̄rôś*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will spread", "*rištî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my net", "*ʿôp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct with prefix *kə* - like bird of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens", "*ʾôrîḏēm*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will bring them down", "*ʾaysirēm*": "piel imperfect 1st singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will chastise them", "*šēmaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular with prefix *kə* - according to the hearing/report", "*ʿăḏāṯām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix with prefix *la* - to their congregation/assembly" }, "variants": { "*ʾep̄rôś*": "I will spread/stretch out/deploy", "*rištî*": "my net/snare/trap", "*ʾôrîḏēm*": "I will bring them down/take them down/make them descend", "*ʾaysirēm*": "I will chastise them/discipline them/punish them", "*šēmaʿ*": "hearing/report/announcement", "*ʿăḏāṯām*": "their congregation/assembly/company" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Når de går, vil jeg kaste mitt nett over dem. Jeg vil fange dem som fugler fra himmelen. Jeg vil straffe dem etter deres handlinger.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Når de går, vil jeg sprede mitt nett over dem; jeg vil bringe dem ned som himmelens fugler; jeg vil straffe dem som hørt i deres menighet.

• Norsk King James

  Når de drar, vil jeg kaste nett over dem; jeg vil bringe dem ned som fuglene fra luften; jeg vil straffe dem, som deres folk har hørt.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Når de drar, vil jeg spre mitt nett over dem, jeg vil fange dem som fugler under himmelen; jeg vil straffe dem som det er kunngjort i deres forsamling.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Som de drar av sted, skal jeg kaste mitt garn over dem; jeg vil felle dem som himmelens fugler. Jeg vil tukte dem når jeg hører om deres forsamling.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Når de går, vil jeg spre mitt nett over dem; jeg vil bringe dem ned som fugler fra himmelen; jeg vil tukte dem, som deres menighet har hørt.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Når de drar, vil jeg spre mitt nett over dem; jeg skal føre dem ned som himmelens fugler, og jeg vil straffe dem, slik deres forsamling har hørt.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Når de går, vil jeg spre mitt nett over dem; jeg vil bringe dem ned som fugler fra himmelen; jeg vil tukte dem, som deres menighet har hørt.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Når de går, vil jeg spre mitt nett over dem; jeg vil bringe dem ned som fugler fra himmelen; jeg vil tukte dem som de har hørt.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  As they go, I will spread my net over them; I will bring them down like birds of the sky. I will discipline them as their assembly has heard.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Når de går, vil jeg spre mitt nett over dem. Jeg vil dra dem ned som fugler fra himmelen, jeg vil tukte dem slik deres menighet har hørt.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Naar de gaae bort, vil jeg udbrede mit Garn over dem, jeg vil nedkaste dem som Fugle under Himmelen, jeg vil tugte dem, saasom det høres i deres Forsamling.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  When they shall go, I will spread my net upon them; I will bring them down as the fowls of the heaven; I will chastise them, as their congregation hath heard.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Når de drar, vil jeg kaste mitt nett over dem; jeg vil felle dem som fuglene i himmelen; jeg vil tukte dem, slik som deres menighet har hørt.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  When they go, I will spread my net upon them; I will bring them down like the birds of the sky; I will chastise them, as their congregation has heard.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  When they shall go, I will spread my net upon them; I will bring them down as the fowls of the heaven; I will chastise them, as their congregation hath heard.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Når de drar, skal jeg bre ut mitt nett over dem. Jeg vil felle dem som fuglene på himmelen. Jeg vil straffe dem, slik som deres menighet har hørt.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Når de drar, sprer jeg mitt nett over dem, som himmelens fugler styrter jeg dem ned, jeg straffer dem slik som deres forsamling har hørt.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Når de drar, vil jeg spre mitt nett over dem; jeg vil kaste dem ned som fuglene på himmelen; jeg vil tukte dem, slik deres menighet har hørt.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Når de går, vil mitt nett legges ut over dem; jeg vil fange dem som himmelens fugler, jeg vil straffe dem for deres synd.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  but whyle they be goinge here and there, I shal sprede my net ouer them, & drawe them downe as ye foules of the ayre: and acordinge as they haue bene warned, so will I punysh them.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But when they shal go, I will spred my net vpon them, and drawe them downe as the foules of the heauen: I will chastice them as their congregation hath heard.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But whyle they be goyng here and there I shal spreade my net ouer them, and drawe them downe as the foules of the ayre: and according as they haue ben warned, so wyll I punishe them.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  When they shall go, I will spread my net upon them; I will bring them down as the fowls of the heaven; I will chastise them, as their congregation hath heard.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  When they go, I will spread my net on them. I will bring them down like the birds of the sky. I will chastise them, as their congregation has heard.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  When they go I spread over them My net, As the fowl of the heavens I bring them down, I chastise them as their company hath heard.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  When they shall go, I will spread my net upon them; I will bring them down as the birds of the heavens; I will chastise them, as their congregation hath heard.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  When they go, my net will be stretched out over them; I will take them like the birds of heaven, I will give them punishment, I will take them away in the net for their sin.

• World English Bible (2000)

  When they go, I will spread my net on them. I will bring them down like the birds of the sky. I will chastise them, as their congregation has heard.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  I will throw my bird net over them while they are flying, I will bring them down like birds in the sky; I will discipline them when I hear them flocking together.

Referenced Verses

• Ezek 12:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.12.13", "source": "וּפָרַשְׂתִּ֤י אֶת־רִשְׁתִּי֙ עָלָ֔יו וְנִתְפַּ֖שׂ בִּמְצֽוּדָתִ֑י וְהֵבֵאתִ֨י אֹת֤וֹ בָבֶ֙לָה֙ אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וְאוֹתָ֥הּ לֹֽא־יִרְאֶ֖ה וְשָׁ֥ם יָמֽוּת׃", "text": "And-*pāraśtî* *ʾeṯ*-*rištî* upon-him and-*niṯpaś* in-*məṣûḏāṯî* and-*hēḇêṯî* him *ḇāḇelāh* *ʾereṣ* *kaśdîm* and-her not-*yirʾeh* and-there *yāmûṯ*", "grammar": { "*pāraśtî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I will spread", "*rištî*": "common noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my net", "*niṯpaś*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will be caught", "*məṣûḏāṯî*": "common noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my snare", "*hēḇêṯî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st common singular - I will bring", "*ḇāḇelāh*": "proper noun with directional he - to Babylon", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Chaldeans", "*yirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will see", "*yāmûṯ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will die" }, "variants": { "*məṣûḏāṯî*": "my snare/trap/net" } }
• Deut 28:15-68 : 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.15", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה אִם־לֹ֤א תִשְׁמַע֙ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֤ר לַעֲשׂוֹת֙ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺתָ֣יו וְחֻקֹּתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם וּבָ֧אוּ עָלֶ֛יךָ כָּל־הַקְּלָל֥וֹת הָאֵ֖לֶּה וְהִשִּׂיגֽוּךָ׃", "text": "And *hāyāh* if-not *tišmaʿ* in *qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to *lišmōr* to *laʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*miṣwōtāyw* and *ḥuqqōtāyw* which *ʾānōkî* *mĕṣawwĕkā* the *hayyôm* and they will *bāʾû* upon *ʿālêkā* all-the *qĕlālôt* the *hāʾēlleh* and they will *hiśśîgûkā*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "perfect, consecutive, Qal, 3rd masculine singular - and it will happen", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect, Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will listen/obey", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*lišmōr*": "infinitive construct - to keep", "*laʿăśôt*": "infinitive construct - to do", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his commandments", "*ḥuqqōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his statutes", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*mĕṣawwĕkā*": "participle, Piel, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - commanding you", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day/today", "*bāʾû*": "perfect, consecutive, Qal, 3rd plural - and they will come", "*ʿālêkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - upon you", "*qĕlālôt*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the curses", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective - these", "*hiśśîgûkā*": "perfect, consecutive, Hiphil, 3rd plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and they will overtake you" }, "variants": { "*lišmōr laʿăśôt*": "to observe to do/to carefully perform", "*miṣwōtāyw wĕḥuqqōtāyw*": "his commandments and his statutes [complete legal corpus]", "*qĕlālôt*": "curses/maledictions", "*hiśśîgûkā*": "overtake you/reach you/catch up with you" } } 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.16", "source": "אָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בָּעִ֑יר וְאָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃", "text": "*ʾĀrûr* *ʾattāh* in the *ʿîr* and *ʾārûr* *ʾattāh* in the *śādeh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĀrûr*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - cursed", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the city", "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - cursed", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the field" }, "variants": { "*ʾĀrûr*": "cursed/under curse", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*śādeh*": "field/open country/land" } } 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.17", "source": "אָר֥וּר טַנְאֲךָ֖ וּמִשְׁאַרְתֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʾĀrûr* *ṭanʾăkā* and *mišʾartekā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĀrûr*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - cursed", "*ṭanʾăkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your basket", "*mišʾartekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your kneading trough" }, "variants": { "*ṭanʾăkā*": "your basket [for gathering produce]", "*mišʾartekā*": "your kneading trough/bowl [for preparing bread]" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.18", "source": "אָר֥וּר פְּרִֽי־בִטְנְךָ֖ וּפְרִ֣י אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ וְעַשְׁתְּר֥וֹת צֹאנֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* *pərî*-*biṭnəkā* *ûpərî* *ʾadmātekā* *šəgar* *ʾălāpêkā* *wəʿaštərôt* *ṣōʾnekā*", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, masculine singular - cursed", "*pərî*": "construct noun, masculine singular - fruit/offspring of", "*biṭnəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your womb/belly", "*ûpərî*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, construct masculine singular - and fruit/offspring of", "*ʾadmātekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ground/land", "*šəgar*": "construct noun, masculine singular - offspring/increase of", "*ʾălāpêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your cattle/oxen", "*wəʿaštərôt*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, feminine plural construct - and young/increase of", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your flock/sheep" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse", "*pərî*": "fruit/offspring/produce", "*biṭnəkā*": "your womb/belly/body", "*ʾadmātekā*": "your ground/land/soil", "*šəgar*": "offspring/increase/young ones", "*ʾălāpêkā*": "your cattle/oxen/herds", "*ʿaštərôt*": "young ones/increase/newborn (possibly connected to fertility goddess Astarte)", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "your flock/sheep/small livestock" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.19", "source": "אָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בְּבֹאֶ֑ךָ וְאָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בְּצֵאתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* *ʾattâ* *bəbōʾekā* *wəʾārûr* *ʾattâ* *bəṣēʾtekā*", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, masculine singular - cursed", "*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*bəbōʾekā*": "preposition (bə-) + infinitive construct of בוא with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your coming in", "*wəʾārûr*": "conjunction (wə-) + passive participle, masculine singular - and cursed", "*bəṣēʾtekā*": "preposition (bə-) + infinitive construct of יצא with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your going out" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse", "*bəbōʾekā*": "in your coming in/entering/arriving", "*bəṣēʾtekā*": "in your going out/departing/leaving" } } 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.20", "source": "יְשַׁלַּ֣ח יְהוָ֣ה ׀ בְּ֠ךָ אֶת־הַמְּאֵרָ֤ה אֶת־הַמְּהוּמָה֙ וְאֶת־הַמִּגְעֶ֔רֶת בְּכָל־מִשְׁלַ֥ח יָדְךָ֖ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תַּעֲשֶׂ֑ה עַ֣ד הִשָּֽׁמֶדְךָ֤ וְעַד־אֲבָדְךָ֙ מַהֵ֔ר מִפְּנֵ֛י רֹ֥עַ מֽ͏ַעֲלָלֶ֖יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עֲזַבְתָּֽנִי׃", "text": "*yəšallaḥ* *YHWH* *bəkā* *ʾet*-*hamməʾērâ* *ʾet*-*hamməhûmâ* *wəʾet*-*hammigʿeret* *bəkol*-*mišlaḥ* *yādəkā* *ʾăšer* *taʿăśeh* *ʿad* *hiššāmedəkā* *wəʿad*-*ʾăbādəkā* *mahēr* *mippənê* *rōaʿ* *maʿălālêkā* *ʾăšer* *ʿăzabtānî*", "grammar": { "*yəšallaḥ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will send", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bəkā*": "preposition (bə-) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - against you", "*ʾet*-*hamməʾērâ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the curse", "*ʾet*-*hamməhûmâ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the confusion/panic", "*wəʾet*-*hammigʿeret*": "conjunction (wə-) + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the rebuke", "*bəkol*-*mišlaḥ*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - in all undertaking/venture of", "*yādəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will do", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hiššāmedəkā*": "niphal infinitive construct of שמד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your being destroyed", "*wəʿad*-*ʾăbādəkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition + qal infinitive construct of אבד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and until your perishing", "*mahēr*": "adverb - quickly", "*mippənê*": "preposition (min-) + construct noun, masculine plural - from before/because of", "*rōaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - evil of", "*maʿălālêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your deeds/actions", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - by which/because", "*ʿăzabtānî*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you have forsaken me" }, "variants": { "*yəšallaḥ*": "send/let loose/dispatch", "*hamməʾērâ*": "curse/execration", "*hamməhûmâ*": "confusion/panic/discomfiture", "*hammigʿeret*": "rebuke/reproof/threat", "*mišlaḥ*": "undertaking/venture/putting forth", "*hiššāmedəkā*": "your destruction/extinction/annihilation", "*ʾăbādəkā*": "your perishing/being destroyed", "*mahēr*": "quickly/speedily/hastily", "*rōaʿ*": "evil/wickedness/badness", "*maʿălālêkā*": "your deeds/actions/practices", "*ʿăzabtānî*": "you have forsaken/abandoned/left me" } } 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.21", "source": "יַדְבֵּ֧ק יְהוָ֛ה בְּךָ֖ אֶת־הַדָּ֑בֶר עַ֚ד כַּלֹּת֣וֹ אֹֽתְךָ֔ מֵעַל֙ הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה בָא־שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃", "text": "*yadbēq* *YHWH* *bəkā* *ʾet*-*haddāber* *ʿad* *kallōtô* *ʾōtəkā* *mēʿal* *hāʾădāmâ* *ʾăšer*-*ʾattâ* *bāʾ*-*šāmmâ* *lərištāh*", "grammar": { "*yadbēq*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will cause to cling", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bəkā*": "preposition (bə-) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ʾet*-*haddāber*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine singular - the plague/pestilence", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*kallōtô*": "piel infinitive construct of כלה with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his consuming/finishing", "*ʾōtəkā*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - you", "*mēʿal*": "preposition (min-) + preposition (ʿal) - from upon", "*hāʾădāmâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the ground/land", "*ʾăšer*-*ʾattâ*": "relative pronoun + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - which you", "*bāʾ*-*šāmmâ*": "qal participle, masculine singular + adverb - entering there", "*lərištāh*": "preposition (lə-) + qal infinitive construct of ירשׁ with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to possess it" }, "variants": { "*yadbēq*": "cause to cling/stick/cleave to", "*haddāber*": "plague/pestilence/disease", "*kallōtô*": "his consuming/completing/annihilating", "*hāʾădāmâ*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*bāʾ*": "entering/going/coming", "*lərištāh*": "to possess/inherit/occupy it" } } 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.22", "source": "יַכְּכָ֣ה יְ֠הוָה בַּשַּׁחֶ֨פֶת וּבַקַּדַּ֜חַת וּבַדַּלֶּ֗קֶת וּבַֽחַרְחֻר֙ וּבַחֶ֔רֶב וּבַשִּׁדָּפ֖וֹן וּבַיֵּרָק֑וֹן וּרְדָפ֖וּךָ עַ֥ד אָבְדֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*yakkəkâ* *YHWH* *baššaḥepet* *ûbaqqaddaḥat* *ûbaddalleket* *ûbaḥarḥur* *ûbaḥereb* *ûbaššiddāpôn* *ûbayyērāqôn* *ûrədāpûkā* *ʿad* *ʾobdekā*", "grammar": { "*yakkəkâ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will strike you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*baššaḥepet*": "preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with consumption/wasting disease", "*ûbaqqaddaḥat*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and with fever", "*ûbaddalleket*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and with inflammation", "*ûbaḥarḥur*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with extreme burning", "*ûbaḥereb*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and with sword", "*ûbaššiddāpôn*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with blight", "*ûbayyērāqôn*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with mildew", "*ûrədāpûkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 3rd person plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and they will pursue you", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʾobdekā*": "qal infinitive construct of אבד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your perishing" }, "variants": { "*yakkəkâ*": "strike/smite/hit you", "*baššaḥepet*": "consumption/tuberculosis/wasting disease", "*baqqaddaḥat*": "fever/burning ague", "*baddalleket*": "inflammation/severe fever", "*baḥarḥur*": "extreme burning/severe heat/fever", "*baḥereb*": "sword/drought/war", "*baššiddāpôn*": "blight/scorching of grain", "*bayyērāqôn*": "mildew/paleness/jaundice", "*ûrədāpûkā*": "they will pursue/follow/chase you", "*ʾobdekā*": "your perishing/destruction" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.23", "source": "וְהָי֥וּ שָׁמֶ֛יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־רֹאשְׁךָ֖ נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־תַּחְתֶּ֖יךָ בַּרְזֶֽל׃", "text": "*wəhāyû* *šāmêkā* *ʾăšer* *ʿal*-*rōʾšəkā* *nəḥōšet* *wəhāʾāreṣ* *ʾăšer*-*taḥtêkā* *barzel*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyû*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 3rd person plural - and they will be", "*šāmêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heavens/skies", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿal*-*rōʾšəkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - over your head", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*wəhāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction (wə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the earth/land", "*ʾăšer*-*taḥtêkā*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - which is beneath you", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron" }, "variants": { "*šāmêkā*": "your heavens/skies", "*rōʾšəkā*": "your head", "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*taḥtêkā*": "beneath/under you", "*barzel*": "iron" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.24", "source": "יִתֵּ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מְטַ֥ר אַרְצְךָ֖ אָבָ֣ק וְעָפָ֑ר מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ יֵרֵ֣ד עָלֶ֔יךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּׁמְדָֽךְ׃", "text": "*yittēn* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*məṭar* *ʾarṣəkā* *ʾābāq* *wəʿāpār* *min*-*haššāmayim* *yērēd* *ʿālêkā* *ʿad* *hiššāmədāk*", "grammar": { "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will give/make", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾet*-*məṭar*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the rain of", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*ʾābāq*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/powder", "*wəʿāpār*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, masculine singular - and dirt/dust", "*min*-*haššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - from the heavens", "*yērēd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will come down", "*ʿālêkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - upon you", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hiššāmədāk*": "niphal infinitive construct of שמד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your being destroyed" }, "variants": { "*yittēn*": "give/make/transform", "*məṭar*": "rain/rainfall", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "your land/country/territory", "*ʾābāq*": "dust/powder/fine particles", "*ʿāpār*": "dirt/dust/soil/earth", "*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/sky", "*yērēd*": "come down/descend/fall", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/annihilation" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.25", "source": "יִתֶּנְךָ֨ יְהוָ֥ה ׀ נִגָּף֮ לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶיךָ֒ בְּדֶ֤רֶךְ אֶחָד֙ תֵּצֵ֣א אֵלָ֔יו וּבְשִׁבְעָ֥ה דְרָכִ֖ים תָּנ֣וּס לְפָנָ֑יו וְהָיִ֣יתָ לְזַעֲוָ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל מַמְלְכ֥וֹת הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*yittenəkā* *YHWH* *niggāp* *lipnê* *ʾōyəbêkā* *bəderek* *ʾeḥād* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēlāyw* *ûbəšibʿâ* *dərākîm* *tānûs* *ləpānāyw* *wəhāyîtā* *ləzaʿăwâ* *ləkōl* *mamlēkôt* *hāʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*yittenəkā*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will give you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*niggāp*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - defeated/smitten", "*lipnê*": "preposition (lə-) + construct noun, masculine plural - before/in front of", "*ʾōyəbêkā*": "qal participle, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*bəderek*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, feminine singular construct - by way/road", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one", "*tēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will go out", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him/it", "*ûbəšibʿâ*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + numeral, feminine singular - and by seven", "*dərākîm*": "noun, feminine plural - ways/roads", "*tānûs*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will flee", "*ləpānāyw*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him/it", "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*ləzaʿăwâ*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, feminine singular - an object of horror", "*ləkōl*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - to all", "*mamlēkôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - kingdoms of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*yittenəkā*": "give you/deliver you/make you", "*niggāp*": "defeated/struck down/smitten", "*ʾōyəbêkā*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey", "*tēṣēʾ*": "go out/march out/proceed", "*tānûs*": "flee/run away/escape", "*zaʿăwâ*": "horror/terror/object of trembling", "*mamlēkôt*": "kingdoms/dominions/realms", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/land/world" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.26", "source": "וְהָיְתָ֤ה נִבְלָֽתְךָ֙ לְמַאֲכָ֔ל לְכָל־ע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְבֶהֱמַ֣ת הָאָ֑רֶץ וְאֵ֖ין מַחֲרִֽיד׃", "text": "*wəhāyətâ* *niblātəkā* *ləmaʾăkāl* *ləkol*-*ʿôp* *haššāmayim* *ûləbehemat* *hāʾāreṣ* *wəʾên* *maḥărîd*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyətâ*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will be", "*niblātəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your carcass", "*ləmaʾăkāl*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular - for food", "*ləkol*-*ʿôp*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - for all birds of", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the heavens", "*ûləbehemat*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (lə-) + noun, feminine singular construct - and for beasts of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction (wə-) + particle of negation - and there is no", "*maḥărîd*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - one causing to tremble/frightening away" }, "variants": { "*niblātəkā*": "your carcass/corpse/dead body", "*maʾăkāl*": "food/consumption", "*ʿôp*": "birds/fowl/flying creatures", "*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/sky", "*behemat*": "beasts/animals/livestock of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/land", "*maḥărîd*": "one frightening away/causing to tremble/driving away" } } 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.27", "source": "יַכְּכָ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה בִּשְׁחִ֤ין מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ *ובעפלים **וּבַטְּחֹרִ֔ים וּבַגָּרָ֖ב וּבֶחָ֑רֶס אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תוּכַ֖ל לְהֵרָפֵֽא׃", "text": "*yakkəkâ* *YHWH* *bišḥîn* *miṣrayim* *ûbaʿăpālîm/ûbaṭṭəḥōrîm* *ûbaggārāb* *ûbeḥāres* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*tûkal* *ləhērāpēʾ*", "grammar": { "*yakkəkâ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will strike you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bišḥîn*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - with boil of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ûbaʿăpālîm/ûbaṭṭəḥōrîm*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and with tumors/hemorrhoids", "*ûbaggārāb*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with scab/itch", "*ûbeḥāres*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with itch/dry scab", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lōʾ*-*tûkal*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will not be able", "*ləhērāpēʾ*": "preposition (lə-) + niphal infinitive construct - to be healed" }, "variants": { "*yakkəkâ*": "strike/smite/hit you", "*šḥîn*": "boil/eruption/inflammation", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*ʿăpālîm/ṭəḥōrîm*": "tumors/hemorrhoids/swellings (the text contains both forms - ʿăpālîm as Kethib and ṭəḥōrîm as Qere)", "*gārāb*": "scab/itch/skin disease", "*ḥāres*": "itch/dry scab/skin eruption", "*tûkal*": "be able/succeed/prevail", "*ləhērāpēʾ*": "to be healed/cured/restored" } } 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.28", "source": "יַכְּכָ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה בְּשִׁגָּע֖וֹן וּבְעִוָּר֑וֹן וּבְתִמְה֖וֹן לֵבָֽב׃", "text": "*yakkəkâ* *YHWH* *bəšiggāʿôn* *ûbəʿiwwārôn* *ûbətimhôn* *lēbāb*", "grammar": { "*yakkəkâ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will strike you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bəšiggāʿôn*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular - with madness", "*ûbəʿiwwārôn*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular - and with blindness", "*ûbətimhôn*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - and with confusion of", "*lēbāb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart/mind" }, "variants": { "*yakkəkâ*": "strike/smite/hit you", "*šiggāʿôn*": "madness/insanity", "*ʿiwwārôn*": "blindness", "*timhôn*": "confusion/bewilderment/mental disorientation", "*lēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner being" } } 29 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.29", "source": "וְהָיִ֜יתָ מְמַשֵּׁ֣שׁ בַּֽצָהֳרַ֗יִם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יְמַשֵּׁ֤שׁ הַעִוֵּר֙ בָּאֲפֵלָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א תַצְלִ֖יחַ אֶת־דְּרָכֶ֑יךָ וְהָיִ֜יתָ אַ֣ךְ עָשׁ֧וּק וְגָז֛וּל כָּל־הַיָּמִ֖ים וְאֵ֥ין מוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "*wəhāyîtā* *məmaššēš* *baṣṣohŏrayim* *kaʾăšer* *yəmaššēš* *haʿiwwēr* *bāʾăpēlâ* *wəlōʾ* *taṣlîaḥ* *ʾet*-*dərākêkā* *wəhāyîtā* *ʾak* *ʿāšûq* *wəgāzûl* *kol*-*hayyāmîm* *wəʾên* *môšîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*məmaššēš*": "piel participle, masculine singular - groping/feeling about", "*baṣṣohŏrayim*": "preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine dual - at noon/midday", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition (kə-) + relative pronoun - as/like", "*yəmaššēš*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gropes", "*haʿiwwēr*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the blind person", "*bāʾăpēlâ*": "preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the darkness", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle - and not", "*taṣlîaḥ*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will succeed/prosper", "*ʾet*-*dərākêkā*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ways/paths", "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*ʾak*": "adverb - only/surely", "*ʿāšûq*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - oppressed/defrauded", "*wəgāzûl*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal passive participle, masculine singular - and robbed/plundered", "*kol*-*hayyāmîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine plural - all the days", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction (wə-) + particle of negation - and there is no", "*môšîaʿ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - savior/deliverer" }, "variants": { "*məmaššēš*": "groping/feeling around/searching by touch", "*ṣohŏrayim*": "noon/midday/brightest part of day", "*yəmaššēš*": "gropes/feels around/searches by touch", "*ʿiwwēr*": "blind person", "*ʾăpēlâ*": "darkness/thick darkness", "*taṣlîaḥ*": "succeed/prosper/make progress", "*dərākêkā*": "your ways/paths/roads", "*ʾak*": "only/surely/indeed", "*ʿāšûq*": "oppressed/defrauded/exploited", "*gāzûl*": "robbed/plundered/despoiled", "*hayyāmîm*": "the days/time", "*môšîaʿ*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer" } } 30 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.30", "source": "אִשָּׁ֣ה תְאָרֵ֗שׂ וְאִ֤ישׁ אַחֵר֙ *ישגלנה **יִשְׁכָּבֶ֔נָּה בַּ֥יִת תִּבְנֶ֖ה וְלֹא־תֵשֵׁ֣ב בּ֑וֹ כֶּ֥רֶם תִּטַּ֖ע וְלֹ֥א תְחַלְּלֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*ʾiššâ* *təʾārēś* *wəʾîš* *ʾaḥēr* *yišgālennâ/yiškābennâ* *bayit* *tibneh* *wəlōʾ*-*tēšēb* *bô* *kerem* *tiṭṭaʿ* *wəlōʾ* *təḥallĕlennû*", "grammar": { "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife", "*təʾārēś*": "piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will betroth", "*wəʾîš*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, masculine singular - and a man", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - another", "*yišgālennâ/yiškābennâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he will violate/lie with her", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular - house", "*tibneh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will build", "*wəlōʾ*-*tēšēb*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will not dwell", "*bô*": "preposition (bə-) + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it", "*kerem*": "noun, masculine singular - vineyard", "*tiṭṭaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will plant", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle - and not", "*təḥallĕlennû*": "piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you will use its fruit" }, "variants": { "*ʾiššâ*": "woman/wife", "*təʾārēś*": "betroth/engage", "*ʾîš*": "man/husband", "*ʾaḥēr*": "another/different/strange", "*yišgālennâ/yiškābennâ*": "violate her/ravish her/lie with her (the text contains both forms - yišgālennâ as Kethib and yiškābennâ as Qere)", "*bayit*": "house/home/dwelling", "*tibneh*": "build/construct", "*tēšēb*": "dwell/live/inhabit", "*kerem*": "vineyard", "*tiṭṭaʿ*": "plant/establish", "*təḥallĕlennû*": "use its fruit/begin to use/enjoy its harvest" } } 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.31", "source": "שׁוֹרְךָ֞ טָב֣וּחַ לְעֵינֶ֗יךָ וְלֹ֣א תֹאכַל֮ מִמֶּנּוּ֒ חֲמֹֽרְךָ֙ גָּז֣וּל מִלְּפָנֶ֔יךָ וְלֹ֥א יָשׁ֖וּב לָ֑ךְ צֹֽאנְךָ֙ נְתֻנ֣וֹת לְאֹיְבֶ֔יךָ וְאֵ֥ין לְךָ֖ מוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "*šôrəkā* *ṭābûaḥ* *ləʿênêkā* *wəlōʾ* *tōʾkal* *mimmennû* *ḥămōrəkā* *gāzûl* *millĕpānêkā* *wəlōʾ* *yāšûb* *lāk* *ṣōʾnəkā* *nətunôt* *ləʾōyəbêkā* *wəʾên* *ləkā* *môšîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*šôrəkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ox", "*ṭābûaḥ*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - slaughtered", "*ləʿênêkā*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before your eyes", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle - and not", "*tōʾkal*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will eat", "*mimmennû*": "preposition (min-) + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from it", "*ḥămōrəkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your donkey", "*gāzûl*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - stolen/taken by force", "*millĕpānêkā*": "preposition (min-) + preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from before you", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle - and not", "*yāšûb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will return", "*lāk*": "preposition (lə-) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ṣōʾnəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your flock", "*nətunôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - given", "*ləʾōyəbêkā*": "preposition (lə-) + qal participle, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your enemies", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction (wə-) + particle of negation - and there is no", "*ləkā*": "preposition (lə-) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for you", "*môšîaʿ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - savior/deliverer" }, "variants": { "*šôrəkā*": "your ox/bull", "*ṭābûaḥ*": "slaughtered/butchered", "*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes", "*tōʾkal*": "eat/consume", "*ḥămōrəkā*": "your donkey/ass", "*gāzûl*": "stolen/seized/taken by force", "*millĕpānêkā*": "from before you/from your presence", "*yāšûb*": "return/come back", "*ṣōʾnəkā*": "your flock/sheep", "*nətunôt*": "given/handed over", "*ʾōyəbêkā*": "your enemies/foes", "*môšîaʿ*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer" } } 32 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.32", "source": "בָּנֶ֨יךָ וּבְנֹתֶ֜יךָ נְתֻנִ֨ים לְעַ֤ם אַחֵר֙ וְעֵינֶ֣יךָ רֹא֔וֹת וְכָל֥וֹת אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם כָּל־הַיּ֑וֹם וְאֵ֥ין לְאֵ֖ל יָדֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*bānêkā* *ûbənōtêkā* *nətunîm* *ləʿam* *ʾaḥēr* *wəʿênêkā* *rōʾôt* *wəkālôt* *ʾălêhem* *kol*-*hayyôm* *wəʾên* *ləʾēl* *yādekā*", "grammar": { "*bānêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*ûbənōtêkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your daughters", "*nətunîm*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural - given", "*ləʿam*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular - to a people", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - another", "*wəʿênêkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your eyes", "*rōʾôt*": "qal active participle, feminine plural - seeing", "*wəkālôt*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal active participle, feminine plural - and failing/longing", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition (ʾel-) + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for them", "*kol*-*hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - all the day", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction (wə-) + particle of negation - and there is no", "*ləʾēl*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular - power/strength", "*yādekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand" }, "variants": { "*bānêkā*": "your sons/children", "*bənōtêkā*": "your daughters", "*nətunîm*": "given/handed over", "*ʿam*": "people/nation", "*ʾaḥēr*": "another/different/foreign", "*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes", "*rōʾôt*": "seeing/looking/watching", "*kālôt*": "failing/longing/pining", "*hayyôm*": "the day/daily", "*ləʾēl*": "power/strength/might", "*yādekā*": "your hand/ability/power" } } 33 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.33", "source": "פְּרִ֤י אַדְמָֽתְךָ֙ וְכָל־יְגִ֣יעֲךָ֔ יֹאכַ֥ל עַ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־יָדָ֑עְתָּ וְהָיִ֗יתָ רַ֛ק עָשׁ֥וּק וְרָצ֖וּץ כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃", "text": "*pərî* *ʾadmātəkā* *wəkol*-*yəgîʿăkā* *yōʾkal* *ʿam* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*yādāʿtā* *wəhāyîtā* *raq* *ʿāšûq* *wərāṣûṣ* *kol*-*hayyāmîm*", "grammar": { "*pərî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fruit/produce of", "*ʾadmātəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ground/land", "*wəkol*-*yəgîʿăkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and all your labor", "*yōʾkal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will eat/consume", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - people/nation", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*lōʾ*-*yādāʿtā*": "negative particle + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have not known", "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*raq*": "adverb - only", "*ʿāšûq*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - oppressed", "*wərāṣûṣ*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal passive participle, masculine singular - and crushed", "*kol*-*hayyāmîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine plural - all the days" }, "variants": { "*pərî*": "fruit/produce/yield", "*ʾadmātəkā*": "your ground/land/soil", "*yəgîʿăkā*": "your labor/toil/effort", "*yōʾkal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*ʿam*": "people/nation", "*yādāʿtā*": "known/familiar with/experienced", "*raq*": "only/just/merely", "*ʿāšûq*": "oppressed/exploited/defrauded", "*rāṣûṣ*": "crushed/broken/shattered", "*hayyāmîm*": "the days/time" } } 34 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.34", "source": "וְהָיִ֖יתָ מְשֻׁגָּ֑ע מִמַּרְאֵ֥ה עֵינֶ֖יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּרְאֶֽה׃", "text": "*wəhāyîtā* *məšuggāʿ* *mimmarʾēh* *ʿênêkā* *ʾăšer* *tirʾeh*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*məšuggāʿ*": "pual participle, masculine singular - driven mad/insane", "*mimmarʾēh*": "preposition (min-) + noun, masculine singular construct - from sight of", "*ʿênêkā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*tirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will see" }, "variants": { "*wəhāyîtā*": "and you will be/become", "*məšuggāʿ*": "driven mad/insane/crazed", "*marʾēh*": "sight/vision/appearance", "*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes", "*tirʾeh*": "see/observe/witness" } } 35 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.35", "source": "יַכְּכָ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה בִּשְׁחִ֣ין רָ֗ע עַל־הַבִּרְכַּ֙יִם֙ וְעַל־הַשֹּׁקַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תוּכַ֖ל לְהֵרָפֵ֑א מִכַּ֥ף רַגְלְךָ֖ וְעַ֥ד קָדְקֳדֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*Yakkəkā* *YHWH* with-*šəḥîn* *rāʿ* on-the-*birkayim* *wə*-on-the-*šōqayim* which not-*tûkal* to-*hērāpēʾ* from-*kap* *raglə̄kā* *wə*-unto *qodqodekā*.", "grammar": { "*Yakkəkā*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will strike you'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*šəḥîn*": "masculine singular noun - 'boil/inflammation/eruption'", "*rāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - 'evil/grievous/malignant'", "*birkayim*": "feminine dual noun with definite article - 'knees'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*šōqayim*": "feminine dual noun with definite article - 'legs'", "*tûkal*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will be able'", "*hērāpēʾ*": "Niphal infinitive construct - 'to be healed'", "*kap*": "construct state of masculine singular noun - 'palm/sole'", "*raglə̄kā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your foot'", "*qodqodekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your crown/head/scalp'" }, "variants": { "*šəḥîn*": "boil/eruption/inflammation/disease", "*rāʿ*": "evil/grievous/malignant/painful", "*hērāpēʾ*": "to be healed/cured/made whole", "*kap raglə̄kā*": "sole of your foot" } } 36 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.36", "source": "יוֹלֵ֨ךְ יְהוָ֜ה אֹֽתְךָ֗ וְאֶֽת־מַלְכְּךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תָּקִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יךָ אֶל־גּ֕וֹי אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָדַ֖עְתָּ אַתָּ֣ה וַאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְעָבַ֥דְתָּ שָּׁ֛ם אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "*Yōlēk* *YHWH* *ʾōtəkā* *wə*-*ʾet*-*malkəkā* which *tāqîm* upon-*ʿāleykā* unto-*gôy* which not-*yādaʿtā* *ʾattāh* *wa*-*ʾăbōteykā* *wə*-*ʿābadtā* there *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* *ʿēṣ* *wā*-*ʾāben*.", "grammar": { "*Yōlēk*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular - 'he will cause to go/lead'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*ʾōtəkā*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*malkəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your king'", "*tāqîm*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular - 'you will set up/establish'", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'over you'", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*yādaʿtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you knew'", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'you'", "*wa*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾăbōteykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your fathers'", "*ʿābadtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will serve'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'gods'", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - 'other'", "*ʿēṣ*": "masculine singular noun - 'wood'", "*wā*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾāben*": "feminine singular noun - 'stone'" }, "variants": { "*Yōlēk*": "lead/cause to go/drive/carry away", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*ʿābadtā*": "serve/worship/be enslaved to", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*ʿēṣ wā-ʾāben*": "wood and stone/idols made of wood and stone" } } 37 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.37", "source": "וְהָיִ֣יתָ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה לְמָשָׁ֖ל וְלִשְׁנִינָ֑ה בְּכֹל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־יְנַהֶגְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה שָֽׁמָּה׃", "text": "*Wə*-*hāyîtā* for-*šammāh* for-*māšāl* *wə*-for-*šənînāh* among-all the-*ʿammîm* which-*yənahegəkā* *YHWH* there.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*hāyîtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will become'", "*šammāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'horror/astonishment/desolation'", "*māšāl*": "masculine singular noun - 'proverb/byword'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*šənînāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'taunt/byword'", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'peoples'", "*yənahegəkā*": "imperfect Piel 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will drive/lead you'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*šāmmāh*": "adverb - 'there/thither'" }, "variants": { "*šammāh*": "horror/astonishment/desolation/object of horror", "*māšāl*": "proverb/byword/parable/object of ridicule", "*šənînāh*": "taunt/byword/object of scorn", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations", "*yənahegəkā*": "drive/lead/conduct/carry away" } } 38 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.38", "source": "זֶ֥רַע רַ֖ב תּוֹצִ֣יא הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה וּמְעַ֣ט תֶּאֱסֹ֔ף כִּ֥י יַחְסְלֶ֖נּוּ הָאַרְבֶּֽה׃", "text": "*Zeraʿ rab* *tôṣîʾ* the-*śādeh* *û*-*məʿaṭ* *teʾĕsōp* because *yaḥsəlennû* the-*ʾarbeh*.", "grammar": { "*Zeraʿ*": "masculine singular noun - 'seed'", "*rab*": "masculine singular adjective - 'much/many'", "*tôṣîʾ*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular - 'you will bring out/carry out'", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'field'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'but/and'", "*məʿaṭ*": "masculine singular adjective - 'little/few'", "*teʾĕsōp*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will gather/harvest'", "*yaḥsəlennû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'it will consume it'", "*ʾarbeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'locust'" }, "variants": { "*Zeraʿ rab*": "much seed/abundant seed", "*tôṣîʾ*": "bring out/carry out to/take out", "*teʾĕsōp*": "gather/collect/harvest", "*yaḥsəlennû*": "consume it/devour it/eat it up", "*ʾarbeh*": "locust/locust swarm" } } 39 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.39", "source": "כְּרָמִ֥ים תִּטַּ֖ע וְעָבָ֑דְתָּ וְיַ֤יִן לֹֽא־תִשְׁתֶּה֙ וְלֹ֣א תֶאֱגֹ֔ר כִּ֥י תֹאכְלֶ֖נּוּ הַתֹּלָֽעַת׃", "text": "*Kərāmîm* *tiṭṭaʿ* *wə*-*ʿābādtā* *wə*-*yayin* not-*tišteh* *wə*-not *teʾĕgōr* because *tōʾkəlennû* the-*tōlāʿat*.", "grammar": { "*Kərāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'vineyards'", "*tiṭṭaʿ*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will plant'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʿābādtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will work/tend'", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun - 'wine'", "*tišteh*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will drink'", "*teʾĕgōr*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will gather/store'", "*tōʾkəlennû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'it will eat it'", "*tōlāʿat*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'worm'" }, "variants": { "*Kərāmîm*": "vineyards", "*tiṭṭaʿ*": "plant/establish", "*ʿābādtā*": "work/cultivate/tend/serve", "*teʾĕgōr*": "gather/store/harvest", "*tōʾkəlennû*": "eat it/consume it/devour it", "*tōlāʿat*": "worm/grub/caterpillar" } } 40 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.40", "source": "זֵיתִ֛ים יִהְי֥וּ לְךָ֖ בְּכָל־גְּבוּלֶ֑ךָ וְשֶׁ֙מֶן֙ לֹ֣א תָס֔וּךְ כִּ֥י יִשַּׁ֖ל זֵיתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*Zêtîm* *yihyû* to-*ləkā* in-all-*gəbûlekā* *wə*-*šemen* not *tāsûk* because *yiššal* *zêtekā*.", "grammar": { "*Zêtîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'olive trees'", "*yihyû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine plural - 'they will be'", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'to you'", "*gəbûlekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your territory/border'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'but/and'", "*šemen*": "masculine singular noun - 'oil'", "*tāsûk*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will anoint'", "*yiššal*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'it will drop off/fall off'", "*zêtekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your olive'" }, "variants": { "*Zêtîm*": "olive trees", "*gəbûlekā*": "your territory/border/region", "*tāsûk*": "anoint/rub/apply oil", "*yiššal*": "drop off/fall off/cast fruit prematurely", "*zêtekā*": "your olive/your olive tree" } } 41 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.41", "source": "בָּנִ֥ים וּבָנ֖וֹת תּוֹלִ֑יד וְלֹא־יִהְי֣וּ לָ֔ךְ כִּ֥י יֵלְכ֖וּ בַּשֶּֽׁבִי׃", "text": "*Bānîm* *û*-*bānôt* *tôlîd* *wə*-not-*yihyû* to-*lāk* because *yēləkû* in-the-*šebî*.", "grammar": { "*Bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'sons'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*bānôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'daughters'", "*tôlîd*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular - 'you will beget'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'but/and'", "*yihyû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine plural - 'they will be'", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'to you'", "*yēləkû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine plural - 'they will go'", "*šebî*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'captivity'" }, "variants": { "*Bānîm*": "sons/children/descendants", "*bānôt*": "daughters", "*tôlîd*": "beget/bring forth/bear", "*yēləkû*": "go/walk/depart", "*šebî*": "captivity/exile" } } 42 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.42", "source": "כָּל־עֵצְךָ֖ וּפְרִ֣י אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ יְיָרֵ֖שׁ הַצְּלָצַֽל׃", "text": "All-*ʿēṣəkā* *û*-*pərî* *ʾadmātekā* *yəyārēš* the-*ṣəlāṣal*.", "grammar": { "*ʿēṣəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your tree'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*ʾadmātekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your ground'", "*yəyārēš*": "imperfect Piel 3rd masculine singular - 'it will possess/take possession of'", "*ṣəlāṣal*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'buzzing insect/cricket/locust'" }, "variants": { "*ʿēṣəkā*": "your tree/your timber", "*pərî*": "fruit/produce", "*ʾadmātekā*": "your ground/land/soil", "*yəyārēš*": "take possession of/dispossess/inherit", "*ṣəlāṣal*": "buzzing insect/cricket/locust/whirring pest" } } 43 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.43", "source": "הַגֵּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּקִרְבְּךָ֔ יַעֲלֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖יךָ מַ֣עְלָה מָּ֑עְלָה וְאַתָּ֥ה תֵרֵ֖ד מַ֥טָּה מָּֽטָּה׃", "text": "The-*gēr* which in-*qirbəkā* *yaʿăleh* above-*ʿāleykā* *maʿəlāh* *māʿəlāh* *wə*-*ʾattāh* *tērēd* *maṭṭāh* *māṭṭāh*.", "grammar": { "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'sojourner/foreigner'", "*qirbəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your midst'", "*yaʿăleh*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will go up'", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'above you'", "*maʿəlāh*": "adverb - 'upward'", "*māʿəlāh*": "repetition for emphasis - 'higher and higher'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'you'", "*tērēd*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will go down'", "*maṭṭāh*": "adverb - 'downward'", "*māṭṭāh*": "repetition for emphasis - 'lower and lower'" }, "variants": { "*gēr*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien", "*qirbəkā*": "your midst/among you", "*yaʿăleh*": "go up/ascend/rise", "*maʿəlāh māʿəlāh*": "higher and higher/upward upward/exceedingly high", "*tērēd*": "go down/descend/decline", "*maṭṭāh māṭṭāh*": "lower and lower/downward downward/exceedingly low" } } 44 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.44", "source": "ה֣וּא יַלְוְךָ֔ וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹ֣א תַלְוֶ֑נּוּ ה֚וּא יִהְיֶ֣ה לְרֹ֔אשׁ וְאַתָּ֖ה תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה לְזָנָֽב׃", "text": "*Hûʾ* *yalwəkā* *wə*-*ʾattāh* not *talwennû* *hûʾ* *yihyeh* for-*rōʾš* *wə*-*ʾattāh* *tihyeh* for-*zānāb*.", "grammar": { "*Hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'he'", "*yalwəkā*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will lend to you'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'you'", "*talwennû*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'you will lend to him'", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will be'", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular noun - 'head'", "*tihyeh*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will be'", "*zānāb*": "masculine singular noun - 'tail'" }, "variants": { "*yalwəkā*": "lend to you/be your creditor", "*talwennû*": "lend to him/be his creditor", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/leader", "*zānāb*": "tail/rear/subordinate position" } } 45 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.45", "source": "וּבָ֨אוּ עָלֶ֜יךָ כָּל־הַקְּלָל֣וֹת הָאֵ֗לֶּה וּרְדָפ֙וּךָ֙ וְהִשִּׂיג֔וּךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּֽׁמְדָ֑ךְ כִּי־לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֛ר מִצְוֺתָ֥יו וְחֻקֹּתָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*Û*-*bāʾû* upon-*ʿāleykā* all-the-*qəlālôt* the-*ʾēlleh* *û*-*rədāpûkā* *wə*-*hiśśîgûkā* until *hiššāmədāk* because-not *šāmaʿtā* in-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōheykā* to-*šəmōr* *miṣwōtāyw* *wə*-*ḥuqqōtāyw* which *ṣiwwākə*.", "grammar": { "*Û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*bāʾû*": "perfect Qal 3rd common plural with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'they will come'", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'upon you'", "*qəlālôt*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - 'curses'", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective - 'these'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*rədāpûkā*": "perfect Qal 3rd common plural with waw consecutive with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'they will pursue you'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*hiśśîgûkā*": "perfect Hiphil 3rd common plural with waw consecutive with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'they will overtake you'", "*hiššāmədāk*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your destruction'", "*šāmaʿtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you listened'", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - 'voice of'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*šəmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to keep'", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his commandments'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ḥuqqōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his statutes'", "*ṣiwwākə*": "perfect Piel 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he commanded you'" }, "variants": { "*qəlālôt*": "curses/maledictions", "*rədāpûkā*": "pursue you/chase you/follow after you", "*hiśśîgûkā*": "overtake you/reach you/catch up to you", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/until you are destroyed", "*šāmaʿtā*": "listened to/obeyed/heeded", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*šəmōr*": "keep/observe/guard", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "his commandments/his precepts", "*ḥuqqōtāyw*": "his statutes/his decrees", "*ṣiwwākə*": "commanded you/ordered you" } } 46 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.46", "source": "וְהָי֣וּ בְךָ֔ לְא֖וֹת וּלְמוֹפֵ֑ת וּֽבְזַרְעֲךָ֖ עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*Wə*-*hāyû* in-*bəkā* for-*ʾôt* *û*-for-*môpēt* *û*-in-*zarʿăkā* until-*ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*hāyû*": "perfect Qal 3rd common plural with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'they will be'", "*bəkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'in you'", "*ʾôt*": "feminine singular noun - 'sign'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*môpēt*": "masculine singular noun - 'wonder/portent'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*zarʿăkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your seed/offspring'", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - 'eternity/forever'" }, "variants": { "*ʾôt*": "sign/mark/token", "*môpēt*": "wonder/portent/omen/miracle", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/everlasting/perpetual" } } 47 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.47", "source": "תַּ֗חַת אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹא־עָבַ֙דְתָּ֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּשִׂמְחָ֖ה וּבְט֣וּב לֵבָ֑ב מֵרֹ֖ב כֹּֽל׃", "text": "*Taḥat* which not-*ʿābadtā* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōheykā* in-*śimḥāh* *û*-in-*ṭûb* *lēbāb* from-*rōb* all.", "grammar": { "*Taḥat*": "preposition - 'under/because'", "*ʿābadtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you served'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*śimḥāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'joy'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ṭûb*": "masculine singular construct - 'goodness of'", "*lēbāb*": "masculine singular noun - 'heart'", "*rōb*": "masculine singular construct - 'abundance of'", "*kōl*": "masculine singular noun - 'all/everything'" }, "variants": { "*Taḥat*": "because/instead of/in place of", "*ʿābadtā*": "served/worshiped/were subject to", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/pleasure", "*ṭûb lēbāb*": "goodness of heart/gladness of heart/cheerfulness", "*rōb kōl*": "abundance of everything/plenty of all things" } } 48 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.48", "source": "וְעָבַדְתָּ֣ אֶת־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְשַׁלְּחֶ֤נּוּ יְהוָה֙ בָּ֔ךְ בְּרָעָ֧ב וּבְצָמָ֛א וּבְעֵירֹ֖ם וּבְחֹ֣סֶר כֹּ֑ל וְנָתַ֞ן עֹ֤ל בַּרְזֶל֙ עַל־צַוָּארֶ֔ךָ עַ֥ד הִשְׁמִיד֖וֹ אֹתָֽךְ׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʿābadtā* *ʾet*-*ʾōyəbeykā* which *yəšalləḥennû* *YHWH* in-*bāk* in-*rāʿāb* *û*-in-*ṣāmāʾ* *û*-in-*ʿêrōm* *û*-in-*ḥōser* all *wə*-*nātan* *ʿōl* *barzel* on-*ṣawwārekā* until *hišmîdô* *ʾōtāk*.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʿābadtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will serve'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾōyəbeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your enemies'", "*yəšalləḥennû*": "imperfect Piel 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'he will send him'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*bāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'against you'", "*rāʿāb*": "masculine singular noun - 'hunger'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ṣāmāʾ*": "masculine singular noun - 'thirst'", "*ʿêrōm*": "masculine singular noun - 'nakedness'", "*ḥōser*": "masculine singular construct - 'lack of'", "*kōl*": "masculine singular noun - 'all/everything'", "*nātan*": "perfect Qal 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'he will put'", "*ʿōl*": "masculine singular construct - 'yoke of'", "*barzel*": "masculine singular noun - 'iron'", "*ṣawwārekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your neck'", "*hišmîdô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his destroying'", "*ʾōtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you'" }, "variants": { "*ʿābadtā*": "serve/be enslaved to/work for", "*ʾōyəbeykā*": "your enemies/your foes", "*yəšalləḥennû*": "he will send/dispatch/let loose", "*rāʿāb*": "hunger/famine", "*ṣāmāʾ*": "thirst", "*ʿêrōm*": "nakedness/being without clothing", "*ḥōser kōl*": "lack of everything/want of all things", "*ʿōl barzel*": "yoke of iron/iron collar", "*hišmîdô*": "his destroying/his annihilating" } } 49 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.49", "source": "יִשָּׂ֣א יְהוָה֩ עָלֶ֨יךָ גּ֤וֹי מֵרָחוֹק֙ מִקְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִדְאֶ֖ה הַנָּ֑שֶׁר גּ֕וֹי אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תִשְׁמַ֖ע לְשֹׁנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Yiśśāʾ* *YHWH* upon-*ʿāleykā* *gôy* from-*mērāḥôq* from-*qəṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ* as-which *yidʾeh* the-*nāšer* *gôy* which not-*tišmaʿ* *ləšōnô*.", "grammar": { "*Yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will lift up/bring'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'against you'", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*mērāḥôq*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - 'from afar'", "*qəṣēh*": "masculine singular construct - 'end of'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the earth'", "*yidʾeh*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'it will swoop'", "*nāšer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the eagle'", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will understand'", "*ləšōnô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'its tongue/language'" }, "variants": { "*Yiśśāʾ*": "lift up/bring/carry", "*gôy*": "nation/people", "*mērāḥôq*": "from afar/from a distant place", "*qəṣēh ha-ʾāreṣ*": "end of the earth/extremity of the land", "*yidʾeh*": "swoop/fly swiftly", "*nāšer*": "eagle/vulture", "*tišmaʿ ləšōnô*": "understand its language/comprehend its tongue" } } 50 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.50", "source": "גּ֖וֹי עַ֣ז פָּנִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־יִשָּׂ֤א פָנִים֙ לְזָקֵ֔ן וְנַ֖עַר לֹ֥א יָחֹֽן׃", "text": "*Gôy* *ʿaz* *pānîm* which not-*yiśśāʾ* *pānîm* to-*zāqēn* *wə*-*naʿar* not *yāḥōn*.", "grammar": { "*Gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*ʿaz*": "masculine singular adjective - 'fierce'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will lift up/show respect'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular noun - 'old man/elder'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular noun - 'young man/youth'", "*yāḥōn*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will show favor'" }, "variants": { "*Gôy ʿaz pānîm*": "fierce-faced nation/nation of fierce countenance", "*yiśśāʾ pānîm*": "show respect/regard/be partial to", "*zāqēn*": "old man/elder", "*naʿar*": "young man/youth/boy", "*yāḥōn*": "show favor/be gracious to/have mercy on" } } 51 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.51", "source": "וְ֠אָכַל פְּרִ֨י בְהֶמְתְּךָ֥ וּפְרִֽי־אַדְמָתְךָ֮ עַ֣ד הִשָּֽׁמְדָךְ֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־יַשְׁאִ֜יר לְךָ֗ דָּגָן֙ תִּיר֣וֹשׁ וְיִצְהָ֔ר שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ וְעַשְׁתְּרֹ֣ת צֹאנֶ֑ךָ עַ֥ד הַאֲבִיד֖וֹ אֹתָֽךְ׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʾākal* *pərî* *bəhemtəkā* *û*-*pərî*-*ʾadmātəkā* until *hiššāmədāk* which not-*yašʾîr* to-*ləkā* *dāgān* *tîrôš* *wə*-*yiṣhār* *šəgar* *ʾălāpeykā* *wə*-*ʿaštərōt* *ṣōʾnekā* until *haʾăbîdô* *ʾōtāk*.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾākal*": "perfect Qal 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'it will eat/consume'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*bəhemtəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your beast/cattle'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*ʾadmātəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your ground'", "*hiššāmədāk*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your destruction'", "*yašʾîr*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular - 'it will leave'", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'for you'", "*dāgān*": "masculine singular noun - 'grain'", "*tîrôš*": "masculine singular noun - 'new wine'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*yiṣhār*": "masculine singular noun - 'fresh oil'", "*šəgar*": "masculine singular construct - 'offspring of'", "*ʾălāpeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your cattle'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʿaštərōt*": "feminine plural construct - 'young ones of'", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your flock'", "*haʾăbîdô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his destroying'", "*ʾōtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you'" }, "variants": { "*ʾākal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*pərî bəhemtəkā*": "fruit of your cattle/produce of your livestock", "*pərî-ʾadmātəkā*": "fruit of your ground/produce of your land", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/until you are destroyed", "*yašʾîr*": "leave/leave remaining/spare", "*dāgān*": "grain/corn", "*tîrôš*": "new wine/fresh wine", "*yiṣhār*": "fresh oil/olive oil", "*šəgar ʾălāpeykā*": "offspring of your cattle/increase of your herds", "*ʿaštərōt ṣōʾnekā*": "young ones of your flocks/increase of your sheep", "*haʾăbîdô*": "his destroying/his causing to perish" } } 52 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.52", "source": "וְהֵצַ֨ר לְךָ֜ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֗יךָ עַ֣ד רֶ֤דֶת חֹמֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ הַגְּבֹה֣וֹת וְהַבְּצֻר֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֛ה בֹּטֵ֥חַ בָּהֵ֖ן בְּכָל־אַרְצֶ֑ךָ וְהֵצַ֤ר לְךָ֙ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֛ן יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*hēṣar* to-you in-all-*šĕʿārêkā* until *redet* *ḥōmōtêkā* the-*gĕbōhôt* and-the-*bĕṣurôt* which you *bōṭēaḥ* in-them in-all-*ʾarṣekā*; and-*hēṣar* to-you in-all-*šĕʿārêkā* in-all-*ʾarṣĕkā* which *nātan* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to-you.", "grammar": { "*hēṣar*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd singular - make narrow/besiege/distress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities", "*redet*": "Qal infinitive construct - coming down/falling", "*ḥōmōtêkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your walls", "*gĕbōhôt*": "adjective feminine plural - high/tall", "*bĕṣurôt*": "adjective feminine plural - fortified/inaccessible", "*bōṭēaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - trusting", "*ʾarṣekā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - give/place/set", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*hēṣar*": "besiege/distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns", "*redet*": "coming down/falling/descending", "*ḥōmōtêkā*": "your walls/your fortifications", "*bōṭēaḥ*": "trusting/relying/having confidence" } } 53 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.53", "source": "וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ פְרִֽי־בִטְנְךָ֗ בְּשַׂ֤ר בָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ וּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָֽתַן־לְךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁר־יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֖ אֹיְבֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And-*ʾākaltā* *pĕrî*-*biṭnĕkā*, *bĕśar* *bānêkā* and-*bĕnōtêkā* which *nātan*-to-you *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*, in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which-*yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyebêkā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾākaltā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will eat", "*pĕrî*": "noun masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*biṭnĕkā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your belly/womb", "*bĕśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bānêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*bĕnōtêkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your daughters", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has given", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyebêkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy" }, "variants": { "*pĕrî*-*biṭnĕkā*": "fruit of your womb/offspring/children", "*bĕśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress" } } 54 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.54", "source": "הָאִישׁ֙ הָרַ֣ךְ בְּךָ֔ וְהֶעָנֹ֖ג מְאֹ֑ד תֵּרַ֨ע עֵינ֤וֹ בְאָחִיו֙ וּבְאֵ֣שֶׁת חֵיק֔וֹ וּבְיֶ֥תֶר בָּנָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹתִֽיר׃", "text": "The-*ʾîš* the-*rak* in-you and-the-*ʿānōg* *mĕʾōd*, *tēraʿ* *ʿênô* against-*ʾāḥîw* and-against-*ʾēšet* *ḥêqô* and-against-*yeter* *bānāw* which *yôtîr*.", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man", "*rak*": "adjective masculine singular - tender/soft/delicate", "*ʿānōg*": "adjective masculine singular - dainty/delicate/luxurious", "*mĕʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*tēraʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be evil", "*ʿênô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eye", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*ʾēšet*": "noun feminine singular construct - wife of", "*ḥêqô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his bosom", "*yeter*": "noun masculine singular construct - remainder/rest of", "*bānāw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*yôtîr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will leave remaining" }, "variants": { "*rak*": "tender/soft/delicate/sensitive/pampered", "*ʿānōg*": "dainty/delicate/luxurious/refined", "*tēraʿ* *ʿênô*": "his eye will be evil/he will look with evil intent/he will be stingy toward", "*ḥêqô*": "his bosom/his embrace/his lap", "*yeter*": "remainder/rest/remnant" } } 55 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.55", "source": "מִתֵּ֣ת ׀ לְאַחַ֣ד מֵהֶ֗ם מִבְּשַׂ֤ר בָּנָיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֹאכֵ֔ל מִבְּלִ֥י הִשְׁאִֽיר־ל֖וֹ כֹּ֑ל בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֛ אֹיִבְךָ֖ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "From-*tēt* to-*ʾaḥad* of-them from-*bĕśar* *bānāyw* which *yōʾkēl*, from-*bĕlî* *hišʾîr*-to-him *kōl*, in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which *yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyibĕkā* in-all-*šĕʿārêkā*.", "grammar": { "*tēt*": "Qal infinitive construct - giving", "*ʾaḥad*": "numeral masculine singular - one", "*bĕśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*yōʾkēl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will eat", "*bĕlî*": "preposition - without", "*hišʾîr*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - leaving", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all/any", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyibĕkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities" }, "variants": { "*tēt*": "giving/offering/providing", "*bĕśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*bĕlî*": "without/because of not/failure to", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns" } } 56 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.56", "source": "הָרַכָּ֨ה בְךָ֜ וְהָעֲנֻגָּ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־נִסְּתָ֤ה כַף־רַגְלָהּ֙ הַצֵּ֣ג עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ מֵהִתְעַנֵּ֖ג וּמֵרֹ֑ךְ תֵּרַ֤ע עֵינָהּ֙ בְּאִ֣ישׁ חֵיקָ֔הּ וּבִבְנָ֖הּ וּבְבִתָּֽהּ׃", "text": "The-*rakkāh* in-you and-the-*ʿănuggāh* who not-*nissĕtāh* *kap*-*raglāh* *haṣṣēg* on-the-*ʾāreṣ* from-*hithʿannēg* and-from-*rōk*, *tēraʿ* *ʿênāh* against-*ʾîš* *ḥêqāh* and-against-*bĕnāh* and-against-*bittāh*.", "grammar": { "*rakkāh*": "adjective feminine singular - tender/soft/delicate", "*ʿănuggāh*": "adjective feminine singular - dainty/delicate/luxurious", "*nissĕtāh*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - she has tried/attempted", "*kap*": "noun feminine singular construct - palm of", "*raglāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her foot", "*haṣṣēg*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - to place/set", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land/ground", "*hithʿannēg*": "Hithpael infinitive construct - to pamper oneself/be delicate", "*rōk*": "noun masculine singular - tenderness/delicacy", "*tēraʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be evil", "*ʿênāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her eye", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular construct - man of", "*ḥêqāh*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her bosom", "*bĕnāh*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her son", "*bittāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her daughter" }, "variants": { "*rakkāh*": "tender/soft/delicate/sensitive woman", "*ʿănuggāh*": "dainty/delicate/luxurious/refined woman", "*nissĕtāh*": "she has tried/attempted/tested/ventured", "*kap*-*raglāh* *haṣṣēg*": "to set the sole of her foot", "*hithʿannēg*": "pampering herself/being delicate/being luxurious", "*rōk*": "tenderness/delicacy/softness", "*tēraʿ* *ʿênāh*": "her eye will be evil/she will look with evil intent/she will be stingy" } } 57 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.57", "source": "וּֽבְשִׁלְיָתָ֞הּ הַיּוֹצֵ֣ת ׀ מִבֵּ֣ין רַגְלֶ֗יהָ וּבְבָנֶ֙יהָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּלֵ֔ד כִּֽי־תֹאכְלֵ֥ם בְּחֹֽסֶר־כֹּ֖ל בַּסָּ֑תֶר בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֛ אֹיִבְךָ֖ בִּשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-in-*šilyātāh* the-*yôṣēt* from-between *raglêhā* and-in-*bānêhā* which *tēlēd* for-*tōʾklēm* in-*ḥōser*-*kōl* in-the-*sāter* in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which *yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyibĕkā* in-*šĕʿārêkā*.", "grammar": { "*šilyātāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her afterbirth", "*yôṣēt*": "Qal participle feminine singular - coming out/emerging", "*raglêhā*": "noun feminine dual with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her feet", "*bānêhā*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her children", "*tēlēd*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she will bear", "*tōʾklēm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - she will eat them", "*ḥōser*": "noun masculine singular construct - lack of", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all/everything", "*sāter*": "noun masculine singular - secrecy/hiding", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyibĕkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities" }, "variants": { "*šilyātāh*": "her afterbirth/placenta", "*yôṣēt*": "coming out/emerging/exiting", "*ḥōser*-*kōl*": "lack of everything/complete want/utter destitution", "*sāter*": "secrecy/hiding/concealment", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns" } } 58 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.58", "source": "אִם־לֹ֨א תִשְׁמֹ֜ר לַעֲשׂ֗וֹת אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵי֙ הַתּוֹרָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את הַכְּתוּבִ֖ים בַּסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֑ה לְ֠יִרְאָה אֶת־הַשֵּׁ֞ם הַנִּכְבָּ֤ד וְהַנּוֹרָא֙ הַזֶּ֔ה אֵ֖ת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "If-not *tišmōr* to-*ʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*dibrê* the-*tôrāh* the-this, the-*kĕtûbîm* in-the-*sēper* the-this, to-*yirʾāh* *ʾet*-the-*šēm* the-*nikbād* and-the-*nôrāʾ* the-this, *ʾēt* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*.", "grammar": { "*tišmōr*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will observe/keep", "*ʿăśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - doing/performing", "*dibrê*": "noun masculine plural construct - words of", "*tôrāh*": "noun feminine singular - instruction/law/teaching", "*kĕtûbîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - written/inscribed", "*sēper*": "noun masculine singular - book/scroll/document", "*yirʾāh*": "Qal infinitive construct - fearing/revering", "*šēm*": "noun masculine singular - name", "*nikbād*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - honored/glorious", "*nôrāʾ*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - feared/awesome", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*tišmōr*": "observe/keep/guard/preserve", "*ʿăśôt*": "to do/perform/accomplish/fulfill", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/things", "*tôrāh*": "instruction/law/teaching/direction", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document/writing", "*yirʾāh*": "to fear/revere/be in awe of", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*nikbād*": "honored/glorious/weighty/distinguished", "*nôrāʾ*": "feared/awesome/terrible/dreadful" } } 59 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.59", "source": "וְהִפְלָ֤א יְהוָה֙ אֶת־מַכֹּ֣תְךָ֔ וְאֵ֖ת מַכּ֣וֹת זַרְעֶ֑ךָ מַכּ֤וֹת גְּדֹלוֹת֙ וְנֶ֣אֱמָנ֔וֹת וָחֳלָיִ֥ם רָעִ֖ים וְנֶאֱמָנִֽים׃", "text": "And-*hiplāʾ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*makkōtĕkā*, and-*ʾēt* *makkôt* *zarʿekā*; *makkôt* *gĕdōlôt* and-*neʾĕmānôt*, and-*ḥŏlāyîm* *rāʿîm* and-*neʾĕmānîm*.", "grammar": { "*hiplāʾ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - make extraordinary/wonderful", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*makkōtĕkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your plagues", "*makkôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - plagues of", "*zarʿekā*": "noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*gĕdōlôt*": "adjective feminine plural - great/large", "*neʾĕmānôt*": "Niphal participle feminine plural - enduring/lasting/faithful", "*ḥŏlāyîm*": "noun masculine plural - diseases/sicknesses", "*rāʿîm*": "adjective masculine plural - evil/severe/harmful", "*neʾĕmānîm*": "Niphal participle masculine plural - enduring/lasting/faithful" }, "variants": { "*hiplāʾ*": "make extraordinary/wonderful/remarkable/distinct", "*makkôt*": "plagues/blows/strokes/wounds", "*zarʿekā*": "your seed/offspring/descendants/posterity", "*gĕdōlôt*": "great/large/severe/intense", "*neʾĕmānôt*": "enduring/lasting/faithful/persistent", "*ḥŏlāyîm*": "diseases/sicknesses/illnesses/maladies", "*rāʿîm*": "evil/bad/malignant/severe", "*neʾĕmānîm*": "enduring/lasting/faithful/persistent" } } 60 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.60", "source": "וְהֵשִׁ֣יב בְּךָ֗ אֵ֚ת כָּל־מַדְוֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָגֹ֖רְתָּ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וְדָבְק֖וּ בָּֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*hēšîb* in-you *ʾēt* all-*madwēh* *miṣrayim* which *yāgōrtā* from-*pĕnêhem*; and-*dābĕqû* in-you.", "grammar": { "*hēšîb*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - bring back/return", "*madwēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - disease of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*yāgōrtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you feared", "*pĕnêhem*": "noun common plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their face/presence", "*dābĕqû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they will cleave/cling" }, "variants": { "*hēšîb*": "bring back/return/restore/cause to return", "*madwēh*": "disease/illness/sickness/affliction", "*yāgōrtā*": "you feared/dreaded/were afraid of", "*pĕnêhem*": "their face/presence/sight", "*dābĕqû*": "they will cleave/cling/adhere/stick to" } } 61 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.61", "source": "גַּ֤ם כָּל־חֳלִי֙ וְכָל־מַכָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א כָת֔וּב בְּסֵ֖פֶר הַתּוֹרָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את יַעְלֵ֤‪[t]‬ם יְהוָה֙ עָלֶ֔יךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּׁמְדָֽךְ׃", "text": "Also all-*ḥŏlî* and-all-*makkāh* which not *kātûb* in-*sēper* the-*tôrāh* the-this; *yaʿlēm* *YHWH* upon-you until *hiššāmĕdākĕ*.", "grammar": { "*ḥŏlî*": "noun masculine singular - disease/sickness", "*makkāh*": "noun feminine singular - blow/stroke/plague", "*kātûb*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - written", "*sēper*": "noun masculine singular construct - book of", "*tôrāh*": "noun feminine singular - instruction/law/teaching", "*yaʿlēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will bring them up", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*hiššāmĕdākĕ*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your being destroyed" }, "variants": { "*ḥŏlî*": "disease/sickness/illness/affliction", "*makkāh*": "blow/stroke/plague/wound", "*kātûb*": "written/recorded/inscribed", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document/writing", "*tôrāh*": "instruction/law/teaching/direction", "*yaʿlēm*": "he will bring them up/cause them to come upon", "*hiššāmĕdākĕ*": "your being destroyed/annihilated/exterminated" } } 62 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.62", "source": "וְנִשְׁאַרְתֶּם֙ בִּמְתֵ֣י מְעָ֔ט תַּ֚חַת אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֱיִיתֶ֔ם כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹ֑ב כִּי־לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔עְתָּ בְּק֖וֹל יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-*nišʾartem* in-*mĕtê* *mĕʿāṭ*, *taḥat* which *hĕyîtem* like-*kôkĕbê* the-*šāmayim* for-*rōb*; for-not *šāmaʿtā* in-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*.", "grammar": { "*nišʾartem*": "Niphal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you will be left/remain", "*mĕtê*": "noun masculine plural construct - men of", "*mĕʿāṭ*": "adjective masculine singular - few/small", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of/beneath", "*hĕyîtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you were", "*kôkĕbê*": "noun masculine plural construct - stars of", "*šāmayim*": "noun masculine plural - heavens/sky", "*rōb*": "noun masculine singular - abundance/multitude", "*šāmaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you listened to/obeyed", "*qôl*": "noun masculine singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*nišʾartem*": "you will be left/remain/be spared", "*mĕtê* *mĕʿāṭ*": "few men/small number/just a few", "*taḥat*": "instead of/beneath/under/in place of", "*kôkĕbê* *šāmayim*": "stars of heaven/celestial stars", "*rōb*": "abundance/multitude/great number", "*šāmaʿtā*": "you listened to/obeyed/heeded/complied with", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/utterance" } } 63 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.63", "source": "וְ֠הָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֨שׂ יְהוָ֜ה עֲלֵיכֶ֗ם לְהֵיטִ֣יב אֶתְכֶם֮ וּלְהַרְבּ֣וֹת אֶתְכֶם֒ כֵּ֣ן יָשִׂ֤ישׂ יְהוָה֙ עֲלֵיכֶ֔ם לְהַאֲבִ֥יד אֶתְכֶ֖ם וּלְהַשְׁמִ֣יד אֶתְכֶ֑ם וְנִסַּחְתֶּם֙ מֵעַ֣ל הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה בָא־שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And-*hāyāh* as-which-*śāś* *YHWH* over-you to-*hêṭîb* you and-to-*harbôt* you, so *yāśîś* *YHWH* over-you to-*haʾăbîd* you and-to-*hašmîd* you; and-*nissaḥtem* from-upon the-*ʾădāmāh* which-you *bāʾ*-there to-*rištāh*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*śāś*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he rejoiced", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*hêṭîb*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to do good to", "*harbôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to multiply/increase", "*yāśîś*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will rejoice", "*haʾăbîd*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy/exterminate", "*hašmîd*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to annihilate/exterminate", "*nissaḥtem*": "Niphal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you will be uprooted/torn away", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun feminine singular - ground/land/earth", "*bāʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - entering/going", "*rištāh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to possess it" }, "variants": { "*śāś*": "rejoiced/delighted/was glad", "*hêṭîb*": "to do good to/benefit/treat well", "*harbôt*": "to multiply/increase/make numerous", "*yāśîś*": "he will rejoice/delight/be glad", "*haʾăbîd*": "to destroy/exterminate/wipe out", "*hašmîd*": "to annihilate/exterminate/destroy completely", "*nissaḥtem*": "you will be uprooted/torn away/plucked up", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*rištāh*": "to possess it/take possession of it/inherit it" } } 64 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.64", "source": "וֶהֱפִֽיצְךָ֤ יְהוָה֙ בְּכָל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים מִקְצֵ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ וְעַד־קְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ וְעָבַ֨דְתָּ שָּׁ֜ם אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־יָדַ֛עְתָּ אַתָּ֥ה וַאֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "And-*hēpîṣĕkā* *YHWH* in-all-the-*ʿammîm* from-*qĕṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-until-*qĕṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ*; and-*ʿābadtā* there *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* which not-*yādaʿtā* you and-*ʾăbōtêkā*, *ʿēṣ* and-*ʾāben*.", "grammar": { "*hēpîṣĕkā*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will scatter you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*qĕṣēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - end of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*ʿābadtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other/foreign", "*yādaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you knew", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun masculine singular - wood/tree", "*ʾāben*": "noun feminine singular - stone" }, "variants": { "*hēpîṣĕkā*": "he will scatter you/disperse you/spread you abroad", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*qĕṣēh*": "end/extremity/border", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world", "*ʿābadtā*": "you will serve/worship/be subject to", "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*yādaʿtā*": "you knew/were acquainted with/experienced", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/tree/timber", "*ʾāben*": "stone/rock" } } 65 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.65", "source": "וּבַגּוֹיִ֤ם הָהֵם֙ לֹ֣א תַרְגִּ֔יעַ וְלֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה מָנ֖וֹחַ לְכַף־רַגְלֶ֑ךָ וְנָתַן֩ יְהוָ֨ה לְךָ֥ שָׁם֙ לֵ֣ב רַגָּ֔ז וְכִלְי֥וֹן עֵינַ֖יִם וְדֽ͏ַאֲב֥וֹן נָֽפֶשׁ׃", "text": "And among *gôyim* the those not *targîa'* and not *yihyeh* *mānôaḥ* to *kap*-*raglêkā*; and *nātan* *YHWH* to you there *lēb* *raggāz* and *kilyôn* *'ênayim* and *da'ăbôn* *nāpeš*.", "grammar": { "*gôyim*": "masculine plural construct - nations/gentiles", "*targîa'*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will find rest", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*mānôaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - rest/resting place", "*kap*": "construct form - sole/palm", "*raglêkā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your feet", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave/will give", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*lēb*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*raggāz*": "adjective masculine singular - trembling/quivering", "*kilyôn*": "masculine singular noun - failing/longing", "*'ênayim*": "feminine dual noun - eyes", "*da'ăbôn*": "masculine singular noun - sorrow/anguish", "*nāpeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/life/being" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*targîa'*": "find rest/be at ease/settle", "*mānôaḥ*": "rest/resting place/respite", "*lēb raggāz*": "trembling heart/anxious mind/fearful heart", "*kilyôn 'ênayim*": "failing of eyes/yearning of eyes/wasting away of sight", "*da'ăbôn nāpeš*": "sorrow of soul/anguish of being/despair of life" } } 66 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.66", "source": "וְהָי֣וּ חַיֶּ֔יךָ תְּלֻאִ֥ים לְךָ֖ מִנֶּ֑גֶד וּפָֽחַדְתָּ֙ לַ֣יְלָה וְיוֹמָ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תַאֲמִ֖ין בְּחַיֶּֽיךָ׃", "text": "And *hāyû* *ḥayyêkā* *telu'îm* to you *minneged*, and *pāḥadtā* *laylāh* and *yômām*, and not *ta'ămîn* in *ḥayyêkā*.", "grammar": { "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they will be", "*ḥayyêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your life", "*telu'îm*": "qal passive participle masculine plural - hanging/in doubt", "*minneged*": "preposition - in front of/opposite", "*pāḥadtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will fear/dread", "*laylāh*": "masculine singular noun - night", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day/daytime", "*ta'ămîn*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will believe/trust", "*ḥayyêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your life" }, "variants": { "*telu'îm*": "hanging/suspended/in doubt/uncertain", "*minneged*": "in front of you/before you/opposite you", "*pāḥadtā*": "you will dread/be in terror/fear", "*ta'ămîn*": "believe/trust/have confidence" } } 67 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.67", "source": "בַּבֹּ֤קֶר תֹּאמַר֙ מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן עֶ֔רֶב וּבָעֶ֥רֶב תֹּאמַ֖ר מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן בֹּ֑קֶר מִפַּ֤חַד לְבָֽבְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּפְחָ֔ד וּמִמַּרְאֵ֥ה עֵינֶ֖יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּרְאֶֽה׃", "text": "In the *bōqer* *tō'mar* who-*yittēn* *'ereb*, and in the *'ereb* *tō'mar* who-*yittēn* *bōqer*, from *paḥad* *lebābkā* which *tipḥād*, and from *mar'ēh* *'ênêkā* which *tir'eh*.", "grammar": { "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun - morning", "*tō'mar*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will say", "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - would give/grant", "*'ereb*": "masculine singular noun - evening", "*paḥad*": "masculine singular construct noun - fear/dread", "*lebābkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*tipḥād*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will fear", "*mar'ēh*": "masculine singular construct noun - sight/appearance", "*'ênêkā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*tir'eh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will see" }, "variants": { "*mî-yittēn*": "who would give/if only/would that", "*paḥad lebābkā*": "fear of your heart/terror in your heart/dread in your mind", "*mar'ēh 'ênêkā*": "sight of your eyes/what your eyes see/visions your eyes behold" } } 68 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.68", "source": "וֶֽהֱשִֽׁיבְךָ֨ יְהוָ֥ה ׀ מִצְרַיִם֮ בָּאֳנִיּוֹת֒ בַּדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֣רְתִּֽי לְךָ֔ לֹא־תֹסִ֥יף ע֖וֹד לִרְאֹתָ֑הּ וְהִתְמַכַּרְתֶּ֨ם שָׁ֧ם לְאֹיְבֶ֛יךָ לַעֲבָדִ֥ים וְלִשְׁפָח֖וֹת וְאֵ֥ין קֹנֶֽה׃", "text": "And *hešîbkā* *YHWH* *miṣrayim* in the *'ŏniyyôt*, in the *derek* which *'āmartî* to you, not *tôsîp* again *lir'ōtāh*; and *hitmakartem* there to *'ōyebêkā* for *'ăbādîm* and for *šəpāḥôt*, and there is not *qōneh*.", "grammar": { "*hešîbkā*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will bring you back", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*'ŏniyyôt*": "feminine plural noun - ships", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun construct - way/road", "*'āmartî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I said", "*tôsîp*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will add/continue", "*lir'ōtāh*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to see it", "*hitmakartem*": "hithpael perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will sell yourselves", "*'ōyebêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*'ăbādîm*": "masculine plural noun - slaves/servants", "*šəpāḥôt*": "feminine plural noun - female slaves/servants", "*qōneh*": "qal participle masculine singular - buyer/purchaser" }, "variants": { "*hešîbkā*": "bring you back/return you/cause you to return", "*'ŏniyyôt*": "ships/vessels/boats", "*derek*": "way/road/journey/path", "*hitmakartem*": "sell yourselves/offer yourselves for sale/be sold", "*'ăbādîm*": "male slaves/male servants/bondmen", "*šəpāḥôt*": "female slaves/female servants/bondwomen", "*'ên qōneh*": "no buyer/none to purchase/no one willing to buy" } }
• Deut 29:22-28 : 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.22", "source": "גָּפְרִ֣ית וָמֶלַח֮ שְׂרֵפָ֣ה כָל־אַרְצָהּ֒ לֹ֤א תִזָּרַע֙ וְלֹ֣א תַצְמִ֔חַ וְלֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה בָ֖הּ כָּל־עֵ֑שֶׂב כְּֽמַהְפֵּכַ֞ת סְדֹ֤ם וַעֲמֹרָה֙ אַדְמָ֣ה *וצביים **וּצְבוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ הָפַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה בְּאַפּ֖וֹ וּבַחֲמָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Gop̄rît* and-*melaḥ* *śᵉrēp̄āh* all-*ʾarṣāh*: not *tizzāraʿ* and-not *taṣmîaḥ* and-not-*yaʿăleh* in-it all-*ʿēśeb*; like-*mahpēḵat* *Sᵉdōm* and-*ʿĂmōrāh*, *ʾAdmāh* and-*Ṣᵉbôyîm* that *hāp̄aḵ* *YHWH* in-*ʾappô* and-in-*ḥămātô*.", "grammar": { "*Gop̄rît*": "noun feminine singular - brimstone/sulphur", "*melaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - salt", "*śᵉrēp̄āh*": "noun feminine singular - burning", "*ʾarṣāh*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its land", "*tizzāraʿ*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it is sown", "*taṣmîaḥ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it sprouts", "*yaʿăleh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it grows", "*ʿēśeb*": "noun masculine singular - plant/vegetation", "*mahpēḵat*": "noun feminine singular construct - overthrow of", "*Sᵉdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʿĂmōrāh*": "proper noun - Gomorrah", "*ʾAdmāh*": "proper noun - Admah", "*Ṣᵉbôyîm*": "proper noun - Zeboiim", "*hāp̄aḵ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he overthrew", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾappô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*ḥămātô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wrath" }, "variants": { "*Gop̄rît*": "brimstone/sulphur", "*śᵉrēp̄āh*": "burning/combustion", "*tizzāraʿ*": "is sown/planted", "*taṣmîaḥ*": "sprouts/causes to grow", "*mahpēḵat*": "overthrow/destruction/overturn", "*hāp̄aḵ*": "overthrew/overturned/destroyed", "*ʾappô*": "his anger/nostril/face", "*ḥămātô*": "his wrath/rage/fury" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.23", "source": "וְאָֽמְרוּ֙ כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם עַל־מֶ֨ה עָשָׂ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה כָּ֖כָה לָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֑את מֶ֥ה חֳרִ֛י הָאַ֥ף הַגָּד֖וֹל הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmᵉrû* all-the-*gôyim*: For-what *ʿāśāh* *YHWH* thus to-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-*zōʾt*? What *ḥŏrî* the-*ʾap̄* the-*gādôl* the-*zeh*?", "grammar": { "*ʾāmᵉrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural consecutive - and they will say", "*gôyim*": "noun masculine plural - nations", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he did", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective feminine singular - this", "*ḥŏrî*": "noun masculine singular construct - burning of", "*ʾap̄*": "noun masculine singular - nose/anger", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*ʿāśāh*": "did/made/accomplished", "*ḥŏrî*": "burning/heat/fierceness", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.24", "source": "וְאָ֣מְר֔וּ עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָֽזְב֔וּ אֶת־בְּרִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁר֙ כָּרַ֣ת עִמָּ֔ם בְּהוֹצִיא֥וֹ אֹתָ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmᵉrû*: Because that *ʿāzᵉbû* *ʾet*-*bᵉrît* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăbōtām* that *kārat* with-them in-*hôṣîʾô* them from-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmᵉrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural consecutive - and they will say", "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they forsook", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bᵉrît*": "noun feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*kārat*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he cut", "*hôṣîʾô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bringing out", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "forsook/abandoned/left", "*bᵉrît*": "covenant/treaty/agreement", "*kārat*": "cut/made/established", "*hôṣîʾô*": "his bringing out/leading out" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.25", "source": "וַיֵּלְכ֗וּ וַיַּֽעַבְדוּ֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוּ֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם אֱלֹהִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּם וְלֹ֥א חָלַ֖ק לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*yēlᵉḵû* and-*yaʿabdû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and-*yištaḥăwû* to-them, *ʾĕlōhîm* that not-*yᵉdāʿûm* and-not *ḥālaq* to-them.", "grammar": { "*yēlᵉḵû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they went", "*yaʿabdû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they served", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other", "*yištaḥăwû*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they bowed down", "*yᵉdāʿûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they knew them", "*ḥālaq*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he allotted" }, "variants": { "*yēlᵉḵû*": "they went/followed/walked", "*yaʿabdû*": "they served/worshiped/worked for", "*yištaḥăwû*": "they bowed down/prostrated/worshiped", "*ḥālaq*": "allotted/assigned/apportioned" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.26", "source": "וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַהִ֑וא לְהָבִ֤יא עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַקְּלָלָ֔ה הַכְּתוּבָ֖ה בַּסֵּ֥פֶר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*yiḥar*-*ʾap̄* *YHWH* against-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-that to-*hābîʾ* upon-it *ʾet*-all-the-*qᵉlālāh* the-*kᵉtûbāh* in-the-*sēp̄er* the-*zeh*.", "grammar": { "*yiḥar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and it burned", "*ʾap̄*": "noun masculine singular construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*hābîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to bring", "*qᵉlālāh*": "noun feminine singular - curse", "*kᵉtûbāh*": "Qal passive participle feminine singular - written", "*sēp̄er*": "noun masculine singular - book/scroll", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*yiḥar*": "burned/was kindled/became hot", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*hābîʾ*": "to bring/cause to come", "*qᵉlālāh*": "curse/imprecation/execration" } } 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.27", "source": "וַיִּתְּשֵׁ֤ם יְהוָה֙ מֵעַ֣ל אַדְמָתָ֔ם בְּאַ֥ף וּבְחֵמָ֖ה וּבְקֶ֣צֶף גָּד֑וֹל וַיַּשְׁלִכֵ֛ם אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ אַחֶ֖רֶת כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*yittᵉšēm* *YHWH* from-upon *ʾadmātām* in-*ʾap̄* and-in-*ḥēmāh* and-in-*qeṣep̄* *gādôl*, and-*yašlîḵēm* to-*ʾereṣ* *ʾaḥeret* as-the-*yôm* the-*zeh*.", "grammar": { "*yittᵉšēm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he plucked them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾadmātām*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their land", "*ʾap̄*": "noun masculine singular - anger", "*ḥēmāh*": "noun feminine singular - wrath", "*qeṣep̄*": "noun masculine singular - rage/anger", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*yašlîḵēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he cast them", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*ʾaḥeret*": "adjective feminine singular - another", "*yôm*": "noun masculine singular - day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*yittᵉšēm*": "plucked them/uprooted them/pulled them up", "*ʾadmātām*": "their land/soil/ground", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*ḥēmāh*": "wrath/fury/rage", "*qeṣep̄*": "rage/anger/indignation", "*yašlîḵēm*": "cast them/threw them/hurled them" } } 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.28", "source": "הַ֨נִּסְתָּרֹ֔ת לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וְהַנִּגְלֹ֞ת לָ֤ׄנׄוּׄ‪[4]‬ וּׄלְׄבָׄנֵׄ֙יׄנׄוּׄ֙‪[4]‬ עַד־עוֹלָ֔ם לַעֲשׂ֕וֹת אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֖י הַתּוֹרָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת׃ ס", "text": "The-*nistārōt* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* and-the-*niglōt* to-us and-to-*bānênû* until-*ʿôlām*, to-*ʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*dibrê* the-*tôrāh* the-*zōʾt*.", "grammar": { "*nistārōt*": "Niphal participle feminine plural - hidden things", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st common plural suffix - our God", "*niglōt*": "Niphal participle feminine plural - revealed things", "*bānênû*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st common plural suffix - our sons", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - forever/eternity", "*ʿăśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*dibrê*": "noun masculine plural construct - words of", "*tôrāh*": "noun feminine singular - law/instruction", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective feminine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*nistārōt*": "hidden things/secret things/concealed matters", "*niglōt*": "revealed things/disclosed matters", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/things", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching" } }
• Deut 31:16-29 : 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה הִנְּךָ֥ שֹׁכֵ֖ב עִם־אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְקָם֩ הָעָ֨ם הַזֶּ֜ה וְזָנָ֣ה ׀ אַחֲרֵ֣י ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֣י נֵֽכַר־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר ה֤וּא בָא־שָׁ֙מָּה֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וַעֲזָבַ֕נִי וְהֵפֵר֙ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖תִּי אִתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer YHWH ʾel-mōšeh hinnəkā šōkēb ʿim-ʾăbōteykā wə-qām hā-ʿām ha-zeh wə-zānāh ʾaḥărê ʾĕlōhê nēkar-hā-ʾāreṣ ʾăšer hûʾ bāʾ-šāmmāh bə-qirbô wa-ʿăzābanî wə-hēpēr ʾet-bərîtî ʾăšer kārattî ʾittô*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾel-mōšeh*": "preposition + proper noun - to Moses", "*hinnəkā*": "particle + 2nd masculine singular suffix - behold you", "*šōkēb*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - lying down/sleeping", "*ʿim-ʾăbōteykā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with your fathers", "*wə-qām*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will rise", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*wə-zānāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will prostitute itself", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - gods of", "*nēkar-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - foreign [gods] of the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*bāʾ-šāmmāh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular + directional particle - entering there", "*bə-qirbô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its midst", "*wa-ʿăzābanî*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - and will forsake me", "*wə-hēpēr*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will break", "*ʾet-bərîtî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*kārattî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I cut/made", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him" }, "variants": { "*šōkēb*": "lying down/sleeping/about to die", "*ʿim-ʾăbōteykā*": "with your fathers/ancestors/joining your ancestors in death", "*wə-qām*": "will rise/arise/stand up", "*wə-zānāh*": "prostitute itself/be unfaithful/commit idolatry", "*ʾĕlōhê nēkar*": "foreign gods/strange deities/alien gods", "*wa-ʿăzābanî*": "forsake me/abandon me/leave me", "*wə-hēpēr*": "break/violate/nullify", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/pact", "*kārattî*": "cut/made/established" } } 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.17", "source": "וְחָרָ֣ה אַפִּ֣י ב֣וֹ בַיּוֹם־הַ֠הוּא וַעֲזַבְתִּ֞ים וְהִסְתַּרְתִּ֨י פָנַ֤י מֵהֶם֙ וְהָיָ֣ה לֶֽאֱכֹ֔ל וּמְצָאֻ֛הוּ רָע֥וֹת רַבּ֖וֹת וְצָר֑וֹת וְאָמַר֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא הֲלֹ֗א עַ֣ל כִּֽי־אֵ֤ין אֱלֹהַי֙ בְּקִרְבִּ֔י מְצָא֖וּנִי הָרָע֥וֹת הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "*wə-ḥārāh ʾappî bô ba-yôm-ha-hûʾ wa-ʿăzabtîm wə-histartî pānay mēhem wə-hāyāh le-ʾĕkōl û-məṣāʾuhû rāʿôt rabbôt wə-ṣārôt wə-ʾāmar ba-yôm ha-hûʾ hă-lōʾ ʿal kî-ʾên ʾĕlōhay bə-qirbî məṣāʾûnî hā-rāʿôt hā-ʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḥārāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will burn", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my anger/nostril", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against him", "*ba-yôm-ha-hûʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - in that day", "*wa-ʿăzabtîm*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 1st singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I will forsake them", "*wə-histartî*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will hide", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my face", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wə-hāyāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will be", "*le-ʾĕkōl*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - for devouring", "*û-məṣāʾuhû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and will find him", "*rāʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural - evils", "*rabbôt*": "adjective, feminine plural - many", "*wə-ṣārôt*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine plural - and distresses", "*wə-ʾāmar*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will say", "*ba-yôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*hă-lōʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is it not", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because", "*kî-ʾên*": "conjunction + negative existential particle - that there is no", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my God", "*bə-qirbî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - in my midst", "*məṣāʾûnî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 1st singular suffix - have found me", "*hā-rāʿôt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the evils", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these" }, "variants": { "*ḥārāh*": "burn/be kindled/become hot", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath", "*wa-ʿăzabtîm*": "forsake them/abandon them/leave them", "*wə-histartî pānay*": "hide my face/withhold my presence/conceal my favor", "*le-ʾĕkōl*": "to be devoured/consumed/destroyed", "*rāʿôt*": "evils/calamities/troubles", "*ṣārôt*": "distresses/troubles/adversities", "*bə-qirbî*": "in my midst/among me/within me" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.18", "source": "וְאָנֹכִ֗י הַסְתֵּ֨ר אַסְתִּ֤יר פָּנַי֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא עַ֥ל כָּל־הָרָעָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה כִּ֣י פָנָ֔ה אֶל־אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-ʾānōkî hastēr ʾastîr pānay ba-yôm ha-hûʾ ʿal kol-hā-rāʿāh ʾăšer ʿāśāh kî pānāh ʾel-ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾānōkî*": "waw conjunctive + 1st singular independent pronoun - and I", "*hastēr ʾastîr*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute + Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - certainly will hide", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my face", "*ba-yôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because of", "*kol-hā-rāʿāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - all the evil", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did/made", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*pānāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he turned", "*ʾel-ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - to gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other" }, "variants": { "*ʾānōkî*": "I myself/I indeed (emphatic)", "*hastēr ʾastîr*": "surely hide/totally conceal/absolutely hide", "*pānay*": "my face/my presence/my favor", "*ʿal kol-hā-rāʿāh*": "because of all the evil/on account of all the wickedness", "*pānāh*": "turned/turned away/faced", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities/strange gods" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.19", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה כִּתְב֤וּ לָכֶם֙ אֶת־הַשִּׁירָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את וְלַמְּדָ֥הּ אֶת־בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שִׂימָ֣הּ בְּפִיהֶ֑ם לְמַ֨עַן תִּהְיֶה־לִּ֜י הַשִּׁירָ֥ה הַזֹּ֛את לְעֵ֖ד בִּבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-ʿattāh kitbû lākem ʾet-ha-šîrāh ha-zōʾt wə-lammədāh ʾet-bənê-yiśrāʾēl śîmāh bə-pîhem ləmaʿan tihyeh-lî ha-šîrāh ha-zōʾt lə-ʿēd bi-bənê yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattāh*": "waw conjunctive + adverb - and now", "*kitbû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - write", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for yourselves", "*ʾet-ha-šîrāh*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the song", "*ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*wə-lammədāh*": "waw conjunctive + Piel imperative, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and teach it", "*ʾet-bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun - the sons of Israel", "*śîmāh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - place it", "*bə-pîhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their mouth", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - so that", "*tihyeh-lî*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + preposition + 1st singular suffix - may be for me", "*ha-šîrāh ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this song", "*lə-ʿēd*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for a witness", "*bi-bənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - against the sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*kitbû*": "write/inscribe/record", "*lammədāh*": "teach it/instruct it/train in it", "*śîmāh*": "place it/put it/establish it", "*bə-pîhem*": "in their mouth/for them to recite/for them to speak", "*lə-ʿēd*": "for a witness/as testimony/for evidence", "*bi-bənê*": "against the children of/concerning the sons of" } } 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.20", "source": "כִּֽי־אֲבִיאֶ֜נּוּ אֶֽל־הָאֲדָמָ֣ה ׀ אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי לַאֲבֹתָ֗יו זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּדְבַ֔שׁ וְאָכַ֥ל וְשָׂבַ֖ע וְדָשֵׁ֑ן וּפָנָ֞ה אֶל־אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֲחֵרִים֙ וַעֲבָד֔וּם וְנִ֣אֲצ֔וּנִי וְהֵפֵ֖ר אֶת־בְּרִיתִֽי׃", "text": "*kî-ʾăbîʾennû ʾel-hā-ʾădāmāh ʾăšer-nišbaʿtî la-ʾăbōtāyw zābat ḥālāb û-dəbaš wə-ʾākal wə-śābaʿ wə-dāšēn û-pānāh ʾel-ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm wa-ʿăbādûm wə-niʾăṣûnî wə-hēpēr ʾet-bərîtî*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - when/for", "*ʾăbîʾennû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - I will bring him", "*ʾel-hā-ʾădāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land", "*ʾăšer-nišbaʿtî*": "relative pronoun + Niphal perfect, 1st singular - which I swore", "*la-ʾăbōtāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his fathers", "*zābat*": "Qal participle, feminine singular construct - flowing with", "*ḥālāb*": "noun, masculine singular - milk", "*û-dəbaš*": "waw conjunctive + noun, masculine singular - and honey", "*wə-ʾākal*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will eat", "*wə-śābaʿ*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will be satisfied", "*wə-dāšēn*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will grow fat", "*û-pānāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will turn", "*ʾel-ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + adjective, masculine plural - to other gods", "*wa-ʿăbādûm*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and will serve them", "*wə-niʾăṣûnî*": "waw consecutive + Piel perfect, 3rd common plural + 1st singular suffix - and will spurn me", "*wə-hēpēr*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will break", "*ʾet-bərîtî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my covenant" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbîʾennû*": "bring him/lead him/bring them", "*ʾădāmāh*": "land/soil/ground/country", "*zābat ḥālāb û-dəbaš*": "flowing with milk and honey/abundant with fertility/rich in produce", "*wə-śābaʿ*": "be satisfied/be full/have enough", "*wə-dāšēn*": "grow fat/become prosperous/become proud", "*niʾăṣûnî*": "spurn me/reject me/despise me/blaspheme me", "*hēpēr*": "break/violate/annul" } } 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.21", "source": "וְ֠הָיָה כִּֽי־תִמְצֶ֨אןָ אֹת֜וֹ רָע֣וֹת רַבּוֹת֮ וְצָרוֹת֒ וְ֠עָנְתָה הַשִּׁירָ֨ה הַזֹּ֤את לְפָנָיו֙ לְעֵ֔ד כִּ֛י לֹ֥א תִשָּׁכַ֖ח מִפִּ֣י זַרְע֑וֹ כִּ֧י יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶת־יִצְר֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר ה֤וּא עֹשֶׂה֙ הַיּ֔וֹם בְּטֶ֣רֶם אֲבִיאֶ֔נּוּ אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבָּֽעְתִּי׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh kî-timṣeʾnā ʾōtô rāʿôt rabbôt wə-ṣārôt wə-ʿānətāh ha-šîrāh ha-zōʾt lə-pānāyw lə-ʿēd kî lōʾ tiššākaḥ mi-pî zarʿô kî yādaʿtî ʾet-yiṣrô ʾăšer hûʾ ʿōśeh ha-yôm bə-ṭerem ʾăbîʾennû ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ ʾăšer nišbāʿtî*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will happen", "*kî-timṣeʾnā*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - when they will find", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*rāʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural - evils", "*rabbôt*": "adjective, feminine plural - many", "*wə-ṣārôt*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine plural - and troubles", "*wə-ʿānətāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and will answer/testify", "*ha-šîrāh ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this song", "*lə-pānāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - before him", "*lə-ʿēd*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - as a witness", "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiššākaḥ*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be forgotten", "*mi-pî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from mouth of", "*zarʿô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his seed/offspring", "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*yādaʿtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I know", "*ʾet-yiṣrô*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his inclination/intention", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʿōśeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - doing", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - today", "*bə-ṭerem*": "preposition + adverb - before", "*ʾăbîʾennû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - I bring him", "*ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*nišbāʿtî*": "Niphal perfect, 1st singular - I swore" }, "variants": { "*timṣeʾnā*": "find/befall/happen upon", "*rāʿôt*": "evils/disasters/calamities", "*ṣārôt*": "troubles/distresses/afflictions", "*wə-ʿānətāh*": "testify/respond/answer/witness against", "*lə-pānāyw*": "before him/in his presence/against him", "*tiššākaḥ*": "will be forgotten/will vanish/will be lost", "*zarʿô*": "his offspring/his descendants/his seed/posterity", "*yiṣrô*": "his inclination/his intention/his disposition/his thoughts" } } 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.22", "source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֥ב מֹשֶׁ֛ה אֶת־הַשִּׁירָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַֽיְלַמְּדָ֖הּ אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wa-yiktōb mōšeh ʾet-ha-šîrāh ha-zōʾt ba-yôm ha-hûʾ wa-yəlammədāh ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiktōb*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and wrote", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾet-ha-šîrāh*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the song", "*ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ba-yôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*wa-yəlammədāh*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and taught it", "*ʾet-bənê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yiktōb*": "wrote/recorded/inscribed", "*yəlammədāh*": "taught it/instructed in it/trained in it", "*bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "sons of Israel/Israelites/children of Israel" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.23", "source": "וַיְצַ֞ו אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ בִּן־נ֗וּן וַיֹּאמֶר֮ חֲזַ֣ק וֶֽאֱמָץ֒ כִּ֣י אַתָּ֗ה תָּבִיא֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי לָהֶ֑ם וְאָנֹכִ֖י אֶֽהְיֶ֥ה עִמָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*wa-yəṣaw ʾet-yəhôšuaʿ bin-nûn wa-yōʾmer ḥăzaq we-ʾĕmāṣ kî ʾattāh tābîʾ ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ ʾăšer-nišbaʿtî lāhem wə-ʾānōkî ʾehyeh ʿimmāk*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəṣaw*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded", "*ʾet-yəhôšuaʿ*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Joshua", "*bin-nûn*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Nun", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ḥăzaq*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - be strong", "*we-ʾĕmāṣ*": "waw conjunctive + Qal imperative, masculine singular - and be courageous", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - you", "*tābîʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - will bring", "*ʾet-bənê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land", "*ʾăšer-nišbaʿtî*": "relative pronoun + Niphal perfect, 1st singular - which I swore", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*wə-ʾānōkî*": "waw conjunctive + 1st singular independent pronoun - and I", "*ʾehyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - will be", "*ʿimmāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you" }, "variants": { "*yəṣaw*": "commanded/commissioned/charged", "*ḥăzaq*": "be strong/be firm/be resolute", "*ʾĕmāṣ*": "be courageous/be brave/be determined", "*tābîʾ*": "will bring/will lead/will cause to enter", "*ʾehyeh ʿimmāk*": "will be with you/will remain beside you/will support you" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.24", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כְּכַלּ֣וֹת מֹשֶׁ֗ה לִכְתֹּ֛ב אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַתּוֹרָֽה־הַזֹּ֖את עַל־סֵ֑פֶר עַ֖ד תֻּמָּֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî kə-kallôt mōšeh li-ktōb ʾet-dibrê ha-tôrāh-ha-zōʾt ʿal-sēper ʿad tummām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*kə-kallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - when completed", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*li-ktōb*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to write", "*ʾet-dibrê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the words of", "*ha-tôrāh-ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this law", "*ʿal-sēper*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on a scroll/book", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*tummām*": "Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their completion" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəhî*": "it happened/it came to pass/it was", "*kə-kallôt*": "when completed/when finished/when concluded", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/commands", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*sēper*": "scroll/book/document", "*tummām*": "their completion/their entirety/their being finished" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.25", "source": "וַיְצַ֤ו מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֔ם נֹ֥שְׂאֵ֛י אֲר֥וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wa-yəṣaw mōšeh ʾet-ha-ləwiyyim nōśəʾê ʾărôn bərît-YHWH lēmōr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəṣaw*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and commanded", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾet-ha-ləwiyyim*": "direct object marker + definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - the Levites", "*nōśəʾê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - carriers of", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*bərît-YHWH*": "noun, feminine singular construct + divine name - covenant of YHWH", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*yəṣaw*": "commanded/charged/instructed", "*ləwiyyim*": "Levites/members of Levi tribe", "*nōśəʾê*": "carriers/bearers/those who carried", "*ʾărôn bərît*": "ark of covenant/covenant chest" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.26", "source": "לָקֹ֗חַ אֵ֣ת סֵ֤פֶר הַתּוֹרָה֙ הַזֶּ֔ה וְשַׂמְתֶּ֣ם אֹת֔וֹ מִצַּ֛ד אֲר֥וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם וְהָֽיָה־שָׁ֥ם בְּךָ֖ לְעֵֽד׃", "text": "*lāqōaḥ ʾēt sēper ha-tôrāh ha-zeh wə-śamtem ʾōtô mi-ṣad ʾărôn bərît-YHWH ʾĕlōhêkem wə-hāyāh-šām bəkā lə-ʿēd*", "grammar": { "*lāqōaḥ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - take", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*sēper*": "noun, masculine singular construct - book of", "*ha-tôrāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the law", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*wə-śamtem*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and place", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - it", "*mi-ṣad*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - beside/at the side of", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*bərît-YHWH*": "noun, feminine singular construct + divine name - covenant of YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God", "*wə-hāyāh-šām*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + adverb - and it will be there", "*bəkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - against you", "*lə-ʿēd*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for a witness" }, "variants": { "*lāqōaḥ*": "take/receive/accept", "*sēper ha-tôrāh*": "book of the law/scroll of instruction/document of teaching", "*mi-ṣad*": "beside/at the side of/next to", "*bəkā*": "against you/concerning you/in you", "*lə-ʿēd*": "for a witness/as testimony/as evidence" } } 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.27", "source": "כִּ֣י אָנֹכִ֤י יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ אֶֽת־מֶרְיְךָ֔ וְאֶֽת־עָרְפְּךָ֖ הַקָּשֶׁ֑ה הֵ֣ן בְּעוֹדֶנִּי֩ חַ֨י עִמָּכֶ֜ם הַיּ֗וֹם מַמְרִ֤ים הֱיִתֶם֙ עִם־יְהֹוָ֔ה וְאַ֖ף כִּי־אַחֲרֵ֥י מוֹתִֽי׃", "text": "For *ʾānōkî* *yādaʿtî* *ʾet*-*meryĕkā* *wĕ*-*ʾet*-*ʿorpĕkā* the *haqqāšeh*; *hēn* while-*bĕʿôdennî* *ḥay* with-you the-*hayyôm* *mamrîm* *hĕyîtem* with-*YHWH*, *wĕ*-moreover for-after *môtî*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I (emphatic)", "*yādaʿtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I know/have known", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*meryĕkā*": "noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your rebellion/stubbornness", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿorpĕkā*": "noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your neck/stiffness", "*haqqāšeh*": "definite article with adjective - the stiff/hard", "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*bĕʿôdennî*": "preposition with adverb and 1st person singular suffix - while I am still", "*ḥay*": "adjective - living/alive", "*ʿimmākem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*hayyôm*": "definite article with noun - the day/today", "*mamrîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - being rebellious", "*hĕyîtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have been", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wĕʾap*": "conjunction with adverb - and also/moreover", "*kî*": "conjunction - that, for, because", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*môtî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my death" }, "variants": { "*meryĕkā*": "rebellion/stubbornness/disobedience", "*ʿorpĕkā*": "neck/stiffness (as metaphor for stubbornness)", "*haqqāšeh*": "hard/stiff/difficult/stubborn", "*hēn*": "behold/indeed/if", "*mamrîm*": "rebelling/being disobedient/being contentious" } } 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.28", "source": "הַקְהִ֧ילוּ אֵלַ֛י אֶת־כָּל־זִקְנֵ֥י שִׁבְטֵיכֶ֖ם וְשֹׁטְרֵיכֶ֑ם וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה בְאָזְנֵיהֶ֗ם אֵ֚ת הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה וְאָעִ֣ידָה בָּ֔ם אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וְאֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*Haqhîlû* to-me *ʾet*-all-*ziqnê* *šibṭêkem* *wĕ*-*šōṭrêkem*, *wa*-*ʾădabbĕrāh* in-*ʾoznêhem* *ʾēt* the-*dĕbārîm* the-*hāʾēlleh*, *wĕ*-*ʾāʿîdāh* against-them *ʾet*-the-*haššāmayim* *wĕ*-*ʾet*-the-*hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*haqhîlû*": "hiphil imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - assemble/gather", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "substantive - all of", "*ziqnê*": "masculine plural construct noun - elders of", "*šibṭêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your tribes", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*šōṭrêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your officers", "*wa*": "consecutive conjunction", "*ʾădabbĕrāh*": "piel cohortative, 1st person singular - let me speak", "*bĕʾoznêhem*": "preposition with feminine plural noun and 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their ears", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*haddĕbārîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the words", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article with demonstrative adjective - these", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾāʿîdāh*": "hiphil cohortative, 1st person singular - let me call to witness", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article with noun - the heavens", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article with noun - the earth" }, "variants": { "*haqhîlû*": "assemble/gather/convene", "*ziqnê*": "elders/old men/leaders", "*šōṭrêkem*": "officers/officials/scribes", "*ʾădabbĕrāh*": "speak/declare/utter", "*ʾāʿîdāh*": "call to witness/testify/warn", "*bām*": "against them/with them/by them" } } 29 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.29", "source": "כִּ֣י יָדַ֗עְתִּי אַחֲרֵ֤י מוֹתִי֙ כִּֽי־הַשְׁחֵ֣ת תַּשְׁחִת֔וּן וְסַרְתֶּ֣ם מִן־הַדֶּ֔רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֖יתִי אֶתְכֶ֑ם וְקָרָ֨את אֶתְכֶ֤ם הֽ͏ָרָעָה֙ בְּאַחֲרִ֣ית הַיָּמִ֔ים כִּֽי־תַעֲשׂ֤וּ אֶת־הָרַע֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לְהַכְעִיס֖וֹ בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְדֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "For *yādaʿtî* after *môtî* that-*hašḥēt* *tašḥitûn* *wĕ*-*sartem* from-the-*hadderek* which *ṣiwwîtî* you, *wĕ*-*qārāʾt* you the-*hārāʿāh* in-*ʾaḥărît* the-*hayyāmîm* because-*taʿaśû* *ʾet*-the-*hāraʿ* in-*ʿênê* *YHWH* *lĕhakʿîsô* in-*maʿăśēh* *yĕdêkem*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*yādaʿtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I know/have known", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*môtî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my death", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*hašḥēt*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - utterly/certainly", "*tašḥitûn*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will corrupt/destroy", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*sartem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will turn aside", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*hadderek*": "definite article with noun - the way", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "piel perfect, 1st person singular - I commanded", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*qārāʾt*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will meet/encounter", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*hārāʿāh*": "definite article with feminine noun - the evil/disaster", "*bĕʾaḥărît*": "preposition with noun construct - in the end/latter part of", "*hayyāmîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the days", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*taʿaśû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will do", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article with noun - the evil", "*bĕʿênê*": "preposition with construct noun - in the eyes of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lĕhakʿîsô*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke him to anger", "*bĕmaʿăśēh*": "preposition with construct noun - by the work of", "*yĕdêkem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your hands" }, "variants": { "*hašḥēt tašḥitûn*": "utterly corrupt/certainly ruin/completely destroy (emphatic construction)", "*sartem*": "turn aside/deviate from/abandon", "*hadderek*": "way/path/road (figuratively: manner of living)", "*qārāʾt*": "meet/encounter/befall", "*hārāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune", "*ʾaḥărît hayyāmîm*": "end of days/latter days/future time", "*hāraʿ*": "evil/wickedness/wrong", "*lĕhakʿîsô*": "to provoke his anger/to vex him/to offend him" } }
• Deut 32:15-43 : 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.15", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ן יְשֻׁרוּן֙ וַיִּבְעָ֔ט שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ עָבִ֣יתָ כָּשִׂ֑יתָ וַיִּטֹּשׁ֙ אֱל֣וֹהַ עָשָׂ֔הוּ וַיְנַבֵּ֖ל צ֥וּר יְשֻׁעָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyišman* *yəšurûn* *wayyiḇʿāṭ* *šāmantā* *ʿāḇîṯā* *kāśîṯā* *wayyiṭṭōš* *ʾĕlôah* *ʿāśāhû* *waynaḇēl* *ṣûr* *yəšuʿāṯô*", "grammar": { "*wayyišman*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he grew fat", "*yəšurûn*": "proper noun - Jeshurun (poetic name for Israel)", "*wayyiḇʿāṭ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he kicked", "*šāmantā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you grew fat", "*ʿāḇîṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you grew thick", "*kāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you became covered/gorged", "*wayyiṭṭōš*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he forsook", "*ʾĕlôah*": "masculine singular noun - God", "*ʿāśāhû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - who made him", "*waynaḇēl*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he treated with contempt", "*ṣûr*": "masculine singular construct noun - rock of", "*yəšuʿāṯô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his salvation" }, "variants": { "*wayyišman*": "and he grew fat/and he became sleek/and he became prosperous", "*yəšurûn*": "Jeshurun/Upright One (poetic name for Israel)", "*wayyiḇʿāṭ*": "and he kicked/and he rebelled/and he resisted", "*šāmantā*": "you grew fat/you became prosperous/you became sleek", "*ʿāḇîṯā*": "you grew thick/you became stout/you became heavy", "*kāśîṯā*": "you became covered/you became gorged/you were bloated", "*wayyiṭṭōš*": "and he forsook/and he abandoned/and he rejected", "*waynaḇēl*": "and he treated with contempt/and he spurned/and he dishonored", "*ṣûr yəšuʿāṯô*": "rock of his salvation/his saving rock" } } 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.16", "source": "יַקְנִאֻ֖הוּ בְּזָרִ֑ים בְּתוֹעֵבֹ֖ת יַכְעִיסֻֽהוּ׃", "text": "*yaqnîʾuhû* *bəzārîm* *bəṯôʿēḇōṯ* *yaḵʿîsuhû*", "grammar": { "*yaqnîʾuhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they made him jealous", "*bəzārîm*": "preposition + masculine plural adjective - with strange ones", "*bəṯôʿēḇōṯ*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - with abominations", "*yaḵʿîsuhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they provoked him" }, "variants": { "*yaqnîʾuhû*": "they made him jealous/they provoked him to jealousy/they moved him to envy", "*zārîm*": "strange ones/foreigners/alien things", "*tôʿēḇōṯ*": "abominations/detestable things/loathsome practices", "*yaḵʿîsuhû*": "they provoked him/they vexed him/they angered him" } } 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.17", "source": "יִזְבְּח֗וּ לַשֵּׁדִים֙ לֹ֣א אֱלֹ֔הַ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֹ֣א יְדָע֑וּם חֲדָשִׁים֙ מִקָּרֹ֣ב בָּ֔אוּ לֹ֥א שְׂעָר֖וּם אֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*yizbəḥû* *laššēdîm* *lōʾ* *ʾĕlōah* *ʾĕlōhîm* *lōʾ* *yədāʿûm* *ḥădāšîm* *miqqārōḇ* *bāʾû* *lōʾ* *śəʿārûm* *ʾăḇōṯêḵem*", "grammar": { "*yizbəḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they sacrificed", "*laššēdîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with definite article - to the demons", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾĕlōah*": "masculine singular noun - God/god", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yədāʿûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they knew them", "*ḥădāšîm*": "masculine plural adjective - new ones", "*miqqārōḇ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from recently", "*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they came", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*śəʿārûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they dreaded them", "*ʾăḇōṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers" }, "variants": { "*yizbəḥû*": "they sacrificed/they offered/they slaughtered", "*šēdîm*": "demons/evil spirits/false gods", "*lōʾ ʾĕlōah*": "not God/no god/godless things", "*yədāʿûm*": "they knew them/they were acquainted with them/they recognized them", "*ḥădāšîm*": "new ones/newcomers/recent ones", "*miqqārōḇ*": "from recently/from nearby/lately", "*bāʾû*": "they came/they arrived/they appeared", "*śəʿārûm*": "they dreaded them/they feared them/they were terrified of them" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.18", "source": "צ֥וּר יְלָדְךָ֖ תֶּ֑שִׁי וַתִּשְׁכַּ֖ח אֵ֥ל מְחֹלְלֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*ṣûr* *yəlādəḵā* *tešî* *wattiškaḥ* *ʾēl* *məḥōleleḵā*", "grammar": { "*ṣûr*": "masculine singular noun - rock", "*yəlādəḵā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - who begot you", "*tešî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you forgot/neglected", "*wattiškaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you forgot", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God", "*məḥōleleḵā*": "Polel participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - who gave you birth" }, "variants": { "*ṣûr yəlādəḵā*": "rock who begot you/rock who fathered you", "*tešî*": "you forgot/you neglected/you were unmindful", "*wattiškaḥ*": "and you forgot/and you ignored/and you were unmindful", "*ʾēl məḥōleleḵā*": "God who gave you birth/God who brought you forth/God who formed you" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.19", "source": "וַיַּ֥רְא יְהוָ֖ה וַיִּנְאָ֑ץ מִכַּ֥עַס בָּנָ֖יו וּבְנֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*wayyarʾ* *YHWH* *wayyinʾāṣ* *mikkaʿas* *bānāyw* *ûḇənōṯāyw*", "grammar": { "*wayyarʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he saw", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wayyinʾāṣ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he spurned", "*mikkaʿas*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - from provocation of", "*bānāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*ûḇənōṯāyw*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his daughters" }, "variants": { "*wayyarʾ*": "and he saw/and he observed/and he noticed", "*wayyinʾāṣ*": "and he spurned/and he despised/and he rejected", "*mikkaʿas*": "from provocation/because of anger/due to vexation", "*bānāyw*": "his sons/his children", "*bənōṯāyw*": "his daughters/his female children" } } 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַסְתִּ֤ירָה פָנַי֙ מֵהֶ֔ם אֶרְאֶ֖ה מָ֣ה אַחֲרִיתָ֑ם כִּ֣י ד֤וֹר תַּהְפֻּכֹת֙ הֵ֔מָּה בָּנִ֖ים לֹא־אֵמֻ֥ן בָּֽם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *ʾastîrâ* *p̄ānay* *mēhem* *ʾerʾê* *mâ* *ʾaḥărîṯām* *kî* *dôr* *tahpuḵōṯ* *hēmmâ* *bānîm* *lōʾ*-*ʾēmun* *bām*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾastîrâ*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will hide", "*p̄ānay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my face", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*ʾerʾê*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will see", "*mâ*": "interrogative - what", "*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their end", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*dôr*": "masculine singular construct noun - generation of", "*tahpuḵōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - perversity", "*hēmmâ*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons/children", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾēmun*": "masculine singular noun - faithfulness", "*bām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them" }, "variants": { "*ʾastîrâ p̄ānay*": "I will hide my face/I will turn away from them/I will withdraw my presence", "*ʾerʾê*": "I will see/I will observe/I will watch", "*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "their end/their outcome/their future", "*dôr tahpuḵōṯ*": "generation of perversity/perverse generation/twisted generation", "*bānîm lōʾ-ʾēmun*": "children without faithfulness/unfaithful children/untrustworthy sons" } } 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.21", "source": "הֵ֚ם קִנְא֣וּנִי בְלֹא־אֵ֔ל כִּעֲס֖וּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑ם וַאֲנִי֙ אַקְנִיאֵ֣ם בְּלֹא־עָ֔ם בְּג֥וֹי נָבָ֖ל אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃", "text": "*hēm* *qinʾûnî* *ḇəlōʾ*-*ʾēl* *kiʿăsûnî* *bəhaḇlêhem* *waʾănî* *ʾaqnîʾēm* *bəlōʾ*-*ʿām* *bəgôy* *nāḇāl* *aḵʿîsēm*", "grammar": { "*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*qinʾûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they made me jealous", "*ḇəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god", "*kiʿăsûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they provoked me", "*bəhaḇlêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their vanities", "*waʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - and I", "*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will make them jealous", "*bəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*bəgôy*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with nation", "*nāḇāl*": "masculine singular adjective - foolish", "*aḵʿîsēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will provoke them" }, "variants": { "*qinʾûnî*": "they made me jealous/they provoked me to jealousy/they stirred me to jealousy", "*bəlōʾ-ʾēl*": "with no god/with what is not god/with a non-deity", "*kiʿăsûnî*": "they provoked me/they vexed me/they made me angry", "*haḇlêhem*": "their vanities/their idols/their worthless things", "*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "I will make them jealous/I will provoke them to jealousy", "*bəlōʾ-ʿām*": "with no people/with what is not a nation/with a non-people", "*gôy nāḇāl*": "foolish nation/senseless nation/contemptible people", "*aḵʿîsēm*": "I will provoke them/I will anger them/I will vex them" } } 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.22", "source": "כִּי־אֵשׁ֙ קָדְחָ֣ה בְאַפִּ֔י וַתִּיקַ֖ד עַד־שְׁא֣וֹל תַּחְתִּ֑ית וַתֹּ֤אכַל אֶ֙רֶץ֙ וִֽיבֻלָ֔הּ וַתְּלַהֵ֖ט מוֹסְדֵ֥י הָרִֽים׃", "text": "For *ʾēš* *qāḏəḥāh* in-*ʾappî*, *wattîqaḏ* unto-*šəʾôl* *taḥtît*; *wattōʾḵal* *ʾereṣ* and-*yəḇulāh*, *wattəlahēṭ* *môsəḏê* *hārîm*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*qāḏəḥāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has kindled/ignited", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my nostril/anger", "*wattîqaḏ*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it burns", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - unto/to", "*šəʾôl*": "noun, feminine, singular - Sheol/underworld", "*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine, singular - lowest/nethermost", "*wattōʾḵal*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it consumes", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*wî*": "conjunction - and", "*yəḇulāh*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its produce/yield", "*wattəlahēṭ*": "verb, piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it sets aflame", "*môsəḏê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - foundations of", "*hārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - mountains" }, "variants": { "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*qāḏəḥāh*": "kindled/ignited/blazed", "*ʾappî*": "my nostril/my anger/my wrath", "*šəʾôl*": "Sheol/underworld/grave", "*taḥtît*": "lowest/deepest/nethermost", "*yəḇulāh*": "its produce/yield/increase", "*môsəḏê*": "foundations/bases" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.23", "source": "אַסְפֶּ֥ה עָלֵ֖ימוֹ רָע֑וֹת חִצַּ֖י אֲכַלֶּה־בָּֽם׃", "text": "*ʾaspeh* upon-them *rāʿôṯ*; *ḥiṣṣay* *ʾăḵalleh*-in-them.", "grammar": { "*ʾaspeh*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will heap up", "*ʿălêmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*rāʿôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - evils/disasters/calamities", "*ḥiṣṣay*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my arrows", "*ʾăḵalleh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will spend/exhaust/use up", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/against them" }, "variants": { "*ʾaspeh*": "I will heap up/gather/accumulate", "*rāʿôṯ*": "evils/disasters/calamities/misfortunes", "*ḥiṣṣay*": "my arrows/shafts", "*ʾăḵalleh*": "I will spend/exhaust/consume/use up" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.24", "source": "מְזֵ֥י רָעָ֛ב וּלְחֻ֥מֵי רֶ֖שֶׁף וְקֶ֣טֶב מְרִירִ֑י וְשֶׁן־בְּהֵמוֹת֙ אֲשַׁלַּח־בָּ֔ם עִם־חֲמַ֖ת זֹחֲלֵ֥י עָפָֽר׃", "text": "*məzê* *rāʿāḇ* and-*ləḥumê* *rešep̄* and-*qeṭeḇ* *mərîrî*; and-*šen*-*bəhêmôṯ* *ʾăšallaḥ*-in-them, with-*ḥămaṯ* *zōḥălê* *ʿāp̄ār*.", "grammar": { "*məzê*": "adjective, masculine, plural construct - exhausted of/wasted by", "*rāʿāḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - hunger/famine", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ləḥumê*": "adjective, masculine, plural construct - consumed by", "*rešep̄*": "noun, masculine, singular - flame/burning/pestilence", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*qeṭeḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - destruction/plague", "*mərîrî*": "adjective, masculine, singular - bitter/poisonous", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*šen*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - tooth of", "*bəhêmôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - beasts/animals", "*ʾăšallaḥ*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will send", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ḥămaṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - venom/poison of", "*zōḥălê*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct - crawlers of/those crawling in", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine, singular - dust/soil/earth" }, "variants": { "*məzê*": "exhausted/wasted/sucked dry", "*rāʿāḇ*": "hunger/famine/starvation", "*ləḥumê*": "consumed/devoured/eaten up", "*rešep̄*": "flame/burning/pestilence/plague/fever", "*qeṭeḇ*": "destruction/plague/pestilence", "*mərîrî*": "bitter/poisonous/deadly", "*šen*": "tooth/fangs", "*bəhêmôṯ*": "beasts/animals/large creatures", "*ʾăšallaḥ*": "I will send/dispatch/let loose", "*ḥămaṯ*": "venom/poison/fury", "*zōḥălê*": "crawlers/creepers/those who crawl", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/soil/earth/ground" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.25", "source": "מִחוּץ֙ תְּשַׁכֶּל־חֶ֔רֶב וּמֵחֲדָרִ֖ים אֵימָ֑ה גַּם־בָּחוּר֙ גַּם־בְּתוּלָ֔ה יוֹנֵ֖ק עִם־אִ֥ישׁ שֵׂיבָֽה׃", "text": "From-outside *təšakkel*-*ḥereḇ* and-from-chambers *ʾêmāh*; also-*bāḥûr* also-*bəṯûlāh*, *yônêq* with-*ʾîš* *śêḇāh*.", "grammar": { "*miḥûṣ*": "preposition with noun - from outside", "*təšakkel*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will bereave", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine, singular - sword", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mêḥăḏārîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine, plural - from chambers/rooms", "*ʾêmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - terror/horror/dread", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*bāḥûr*": "noun, masculine, singular - young man/chosen one", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*bəṯûlāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - virgin/maiden", "*yônêq*": "noun, masculine, singular - suckling/infant", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - man of", "*śêḇāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - gray hair/old age" }, "variants": { "*təšakkel*": "will bereave/rob/make childless", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/destruction", "*ʾêmāh*": "terror/horror/dread", "*bāḥûr*": "young man/chosen one/youth", "*bəṯûlāh*": "virgin/maiden/unmarried woman", "*yônêq*": "suckling/nursing infant", "*ʾîš*": "man/person", "*śêḇāh*": "gray hair/old age/hoary head" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.26", "source": "אָמַ֖רְתִּי אַפְאֵיהֶ֑ם אַשְׁבִּ֥יתָה מֵאֱנ֖וֹשׁ זִכְרָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾāmartî* *ʾap̄ʾêhem* *ʾašbîṯāh* from-*ʾĕnôš* *ziḵrām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said", "*ʾap̄ʾêhem*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will scatter them", "*ʾašbîṯāh*": "verb, hifil imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - I will make cease", "*mê*": "preposition - from", "*ʾĕnôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - mankind/humanity", "*ziḵrām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their remembrance/memory" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartî*": "I said/thought/declared", "*ʾap̄ʾêhem*": "I will scatter them/blow them away/make them cease to exist", "*ʾašbîṯāh*": "I will make cease/eliminate/cause to end", "*ʾĕnôš*": "mankind/humanity/mortals", "*ziḵrām*": "their remembrance/memory/mention" } } 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.27", "source": "לוּלֵ֗י כַּ֤עַס אוֹיֵב֙ אָג֔וּר פֶּֽן־יְנַכְּר֖וּ צָרֵ֑ימוֹ פֶּן־יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ יָדֵ֣ינוּ רָ֔מָה וְלֹ֥א יְהוָ֖ה פָּעַ֥ל כָּל־זֹֽאת׃", "text": "*lûlê* *kaʿas* *ʾôyêḇ* *ʾāgûr*, lest-*yənakkərû* *ṣārêmô*; lest-*yōʾmərû* *yāḏênû* *rāmāh*, and-not *YHWH* *pāʿal* all-this.", "grammar": { "*lûlê*": "conjunction - except for/were it not for", "*kaʿas*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - provocation of", "*ʾôyêḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - enemy", "*ʾāgûr*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine, singular - I dreaded/feared", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*yənakkərû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they might misunderstand", "*ṣārêmô*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their adversaries", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*yōʾmərû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would say", "*yāḏênû*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our hand", "*rāmāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is exalted/high", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*pāʿal*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has done/worked", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - all of", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine, singular - this" }, "variants": { "*lûlê*": "except for/were it not for/had it not been", "*kaʿas*": "provocation/anger/vexation", "*ʾôyêḇ*": "enemy/foe", "*ʾāgûr*": "I dreaded/feared/was worried about", "*yənakkərû*": "they might misunderstand/misinterpret/not recognize", "*ṣārêmô*": "their adversaries/foes/opponents", "*yōʾmərû*": "they would say/declare/claim", "*yāḏênû*": "our hand/power/strength", "*rāmāh*": "is exalted/high/lifted up", "*pāʿal*": "has done/worked/accomplished" } } 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.28", "source": "כִּי־ג֛וֹי אֹבַ֥ד עֵצ֖וֹת הֵ֑מָּה וְאֵ֥ין בָּהֶ֖ם תְּבוּנָֽה׃", "text": "For *gôy* *ʾōḇaḏ* *ʿêṣôṯ* *hēmmāh*, and-there-is-not in-them *təḇûnāh*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine, singular - nation", "*ʾōḇaḏ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - perishing/lacking/void of", "*ʿêṣôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - counsels/advice", "*hēmmāh*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them", "*təḇûnāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - understanding/insight/discernment" }, "variants": { "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*ʾōḇaḏ*": "perishing/lacking/void of/bereft of", "*ʿêṣôṯ*": "counsels/advice/wisdom/plans", "*təḇûnāh*": "understanding/insight/discernment/intelligence" } } 29 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.29", "source": "ל֥וּ חָכְמ֖וּ יַשְׂכִּ֣ילוּ זֹ֑את יָבִ֖ינוּ לְאַחֲרִיתָֽם׃", "text": "If *ḥāḵəmû* they-would-*yaśkîlû* this; they-would-*yāḇînû* to-*ʾaḥărîṯām*.", "grammar": { "*lû*": "conditional particle - if/if only/O that", "*ḥāḵəmû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person, plural - they were wise", "*yaśkîlû*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd person, plural - they would consider/understand", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine, singular - this", "*yāḇînû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, plural - they would discern/understand", "*lə*": "preposition - to/for", "*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their end/outcome/latter state" }, "variants": { "*ḥāḵəmû*": "they were wise/had wisdom", "*yaśkîlû*": "they would consider/understand/comprehend/be prudent about", "*yāḇînû*": "they would discern/understand/perceive", "*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "their end/outcome/latter state/future" } } 30 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.30", "source": "אֵיכָ֞ה יִרְדֹּ֤ף אֶחָד֙ אֶ֔לֶף וּשְׁנַ֖יִם יָנִ֣יסוּ רְבָבָ֑ה אִם־לֹא֙ כִּי־צוּרָ֣ם מְכָרָ֔ם וַֽיהוָ֖ה הִסְגִּירָֽם׃", "text": "How *yirdōp̄* *ʾeḥāḏ* *ʾelep̄*, and-*šənayim* *yānîsû* *rəḇāḇāh*? If-not that-*ṣûrām* *məḵārām*, and-*YHWH* *hisgîrām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾêḵāh*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*yirdōp̄*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would chase/pursue", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "numeral, masculine, singular - one", "*ʾelep̄*": "noun, masculine, singular - thousand", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*šənayim*": "numeral, masculine, dual - two", "*yānîsû*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - would put to flight", "*rəḇāḇāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - ten thousand/myriad", "*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conditional negative - if not/unless", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*ṣûrām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their rock", "*məḵārām*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - sold them", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*hisgîrām*": "verb, hifil perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - delivered them up" }, "variants": { "*yirdōp̄*": "would chase/pursue/hunt", "*ʾelep̄*": "thousand/clan", "*yānîsû*": "would put to flight/chase away/cause to flee", "*rəḇāḇāh*": "ten thousand/myriad/multitude", "*ṣûrām*": "their rock/stronghold/refuge", "*məḵārām*": "sold them/handed them over/delivered them", "*hisgîrām*": "delivered them up/surrendered them/handed them over" } } 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.31", "source": "כִּ֛י לֹ֥א כְצוּרֵ֖נוּ צוּרָ֑ם וְאֹיְבֵ֖ינוּ פְּלִילִֽים׃", "text": "For not like-*ṣûrênû* *ṣûrām*, and-*ʾōyəḇênû* *pəlîlîm*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ḵə*": "preposition - like/as", "*ṣûrênû*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our rock", "*ṣûrām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their rock", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾōyəḇênû*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our enemies", "*pəlîlîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - judges/arbiters" }, "variants": { "*ṣûrênû*": "our rock/our stronghold/our refuge", "*ṣûrām*": "their rock/their stronghold/their refuge", "*ʾōyəḇênû*": "our enemies/our foes", "*pəlîlîm*": "judges/arbiters/umpires/those who decide" } } 32 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.32", "source": "כִּֽי־מִגֶּ֤פֶן סְדֹם֙ גַּפְנָ֔ם וּמִשַּׁדְמֹ֖ת עֲמֹרָ֑ה עֲנָבֵ֙מוֹ֙ עִנְּבֵי־ר֔וֹשׁ אַשְׁכְּלֹ֥ת מְרֹרֹ֖ת לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "For from-*gep̄en* *Səḏōm* *gap̄nām*, and-from-*šaḏmōṯ* *ʿĂmōrāh*; *ʿănāḇêmô* *ʿinnəḇê*-*rôš*, *ʾaškəlōṯ* *mərōrōṯ* to-them.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*gep̄en*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - vine of", "*Səḏōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*gap̄nām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their vine", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*šaḏmōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - fields of", "*ʿĂmōrāh*": "proper noun - Gomorrah", "*ʿănāḇêmô*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their grapes", "*ʿinnəḇê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - grapes of", "*rôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - poison/venom/bitterness", "*ʾaškəlōṯ*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - clusters of", "*mərōrōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - bitterness/bitter things", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them/for them" }, "variants": { "*gep̄en*": "vine/grapevine", "*gap̄nām*": "their vine/their vineyard", "*šaḏmōṯ*": "fields/vineyards/terraces", "*ʿănāḇêmô*": "their grapes/their fruit", "*ʿinnəḇê*": "grapes of/berries of", "*rôš*": "poison/venom/gall/bitterness", "*ʾaškəlōṯ*": "clusters/bunches", "*mərōrōṯ*": "bitterness/bitter things/gall" } } 33 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.33", "source": "חֲמַ֥ת תַּנִּינִ֖ם יֵינָ֑ם וְרֹ֥אשׁ פְּתָנִ֖ים אַכְזָֽר׃", "text": "*ḥămaṯ* *tannînîm* *yênām*, and-*rōʾš* *pəṯānîm* *ʾaḵzār*.", "grammar": { "*ḥămaṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - venom of", "*tannînîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - serpents/dragons/sea monsters", "*yênām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their wine", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - venom of", "*pəṯānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - cobras/asps/vipers", "*ʾaḵzār*": "adjective, masculine, singular - cruel/deadly" }, "variants": { "*ḥămaṯ*": "venom/poison/fury", "*tannînîm*": "serpents/dragons/sea monsters/jackals", "*yênām*": "their wine/their drink", "*rōʾš*": "venom/poison/gall/bitterness", "*pəṯānîm*": "cobras/asps/vipers", "*ʾaḵzār*": "cruel/deadly/merciless" } } 34 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.34", "source": "הֲלֹא־ה֖וּא כָּמֻ֣ס עִמָּדִ֑י חָתֻ֖ם בְּאוֹצְרֹתָֽי׃", "text": "Is-not-it *kāmus* with-me, *ḥāṯum* in-*ʾôṣərōṯāy*?", "grammar": { "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it/he", "*kāmus*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine, singular - stored up/hidden", "*ʿimmāḏî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*ḥāṯum*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine, singular - sealed", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*ʾôṣərōṯāy*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my treasuries/storehouses" }, "variants": { "*kāmus*": "stored up/hidden/kept secret", "*ʿimmāḏî*": "with me/by me/in my possession", "*ḥāṯum*": "sealed/secured/locked away", "*ʾôṣərōṯāy*": "my treasuries/storehouses/treasures" } } 35 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.35", "source": "לִ֤י נָקָם֙ וְשִׁלֵּ֔ם לְעֵ֖ת תָּמ֣וּט רַגְלָ֑ם כִּ֤י קָרוֹב֙ י֣וֹם אֵידָ֔ם וְחָ֖שׁ עֲתִדֹ֥ת לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "To-me *nāqām* and-*šillēm*, for-time *tāmûṭ* *raḡlām*; for *qārôḇ* *yôm* *ʾêḏām*, and-*ḥāš* *ʿăṯiḏōṯ* for-them.", "grammar": { "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me/for me", "*nāqām*": "noun, masculine, singular - vengeance", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*šillēm*": "noun, masculine, singular - recompense/retribution", "*lə*": "preposition - for/at", "*ʿêṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - time of", "*tāmûṭ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - slips/wavers", "*raḡlām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their foot", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*qārôḇ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - near/imminent", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - day of", "*ʾêḏām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their calamity", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥāš*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - hastens/hurries", "*ʿăṯiḏōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - things prepared/destined events", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - for them/to them" }, "variants": { "*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge", "*šillēm*": "recompense/retribution/repayment", "*tāmûṭ*": "slips/wavers/totters", "*raḡlām*": "their foot/their step", "*qārôḇ*": "near/imminent/at hand", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*ʾêḏām*": "their calamity/disaster/doom", "*ḥāš*": "hastens/hurries/rushes", "*ʿăṯiḏōṯ*": "things prepared/destined events/what is ready" } } 36 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.36", "source": "כִּֽי־יָדִ֤ין יְהוָה֙ עַמּ֔וֹ וְעַל־עֲבָדָ֖יו יִתְנֶחָ֑ם כִּ֤י יִרְאֶה֙ כִּי־אָ֣זְלַת יָ֔ד וְאֶ֖פֶס עָצ֥וּר וְעָזֽוּב׃", "text": "For *yāḏîn* *YHWH* *ʿammô*, and-concerning-*ʿăḇāḏāyw* *yiṯneḥām*; for *yirʾeh* that-*ʾāzəlaṯ* *yāḏ*, and-nothing *ʿāṣûr* and-*ʿāzûḇ*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yāḏîn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will judge/vindicate", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/on behalf of", "*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*yiṯneḥām*": "verb, hitpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will relent/have compassion", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/when", "*yirʾeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will see", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾāzəlaṯ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is gone/exhausted", "*yāḏ*": "noun, feminine, singular - hand/strength", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾep̄es*": "noun, masculine, singular - ceasing/end of", "*ʿāṣûr*": "adjective, masculine, singular passive - confined/restrained", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿāzûḇ*": "adjective, masculine, singular passive - abandoned/forsaken" }, "variants": { "*yāḏîn*": "will judge/vindicate/defend", "*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation", "*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "his servants/his slaves", "*yiṯneḥām*": "will relent/have compassion/comfort himself", "*yirʾeh*": "he will see/observe/perceive", "*ʾāzəlaṯ*": "is gone/exhausted/depleted", "*yāḏ*": "hand/strength/power", "*ʾep̄es*": "ceasing/end of/nothing", "*ʿāṣûr*": "confined/restrained/imprisoned", "*ʿāzûḇ*": "abandoned/forsaken/left behind" } } 37 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.37", "source": "וְאָמַ֖ר אֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑ימוֹ צ֖וּר חָסָ֥יוּ בֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmar* where *ʾĕlōhêmô*, *ṣûr* *ḥāsāyû* in-him?", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will say", "*ʾê*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*ʾĕlōhêmô*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*ṣûr*": "noun, masculine, singular - rock", "*ḥāsāyû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they sought refuge", "*ḇô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in him" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "he will say/ask/declare", "*ʾê*": "where/how", "*ʾĕlōhêmô*": "their gods/their deities", "*ṣûr*": "rock/stronghold/refuge", "*ḥāsāyû*": "they sought refuge/they trusted/they took shelter" } } 38 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.38", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֨ר חֵ֤לֶב זְבָחֵ֙ימוֹ֙ יֹאכֵ֔לוּ יִשְׁתּ֖וּ יֵ֣ין נְסִיכָ֑ם יָק֙וּמוּ֙ וְיַעְזְרֻכֶ֔ם יְהִ֥י עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם סִתְרָֽה׃", "text": "Which *ḥēleḇ* *zəḇāḥêmô* *yōʾḵēlû*, *yištû* *yên* *nəsîḵām*; *yāqûmû* and-*yaʿzəruḵem*, *yəhî* over-you *siṯrāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/who", "*ḥēleḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - fat of", "*zəḇāḥêmô*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sacrifices", "*yōʾḵēlû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would eat", "*yištû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would drink", "*yên*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - wine of", "*nəsîḵām*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their drink offerings", "*yāqûmû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural jussive - let them rise", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yaʿzəruḵem*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - help you", "*yəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let it be", "*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - over you", "*siṯrāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - protection/hiding place" }, "variants": { "*ḥēleḇ*": "fat/best part/choicest part", "*zəḇāḥêmô*": "their sacrifices/their offerings", "*yōʾḵēlû*": "they would eat/consume", "*yištû*": "they would drink/consume", "*yên*": "wine/fermented drink", "*nəsîḵām*": "their drink offerings/their libations", "*yāqûmû*": "let them rise/stand up/arise", "*yaʿzəruḵem*": "help you/assist you/come to your aid", "*yəhî*": "let it be/may it be", "*siṯrāh*": "protection/hiding place/shelter" } } 39 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.39", "source": "רְא֣וּ ׀ עַתָּ֗ה כִּ֣י אֲנִ֤י אֲנִי֙ ה֔וּא וְאֵ֥ין אֱלֹהִ֖ים עִמָּדִ֑י אֲנִ֧י אָמִ֣ית וַאֲחַיֶּ֗ה מָחַ֙צְתִּי֙ וַאֲנִ֣י אֶרְפָּ֔א וְאֵ֥ין מִיָּדִ֖י מַצִּֽיל׃", "text": "*Rəʾû* now that *ʾănî* *ʾănî* *hûʾ*, and-there-is-no *ʾĕlōhîm* with-me; *ʾănî* *ʾāmîṯ* and-*ʾăḥayyeh*, *māḥaṣtî* and-*ʾănî* *ʾerpāʾ*, and-there-is-none from-my-hand *maṣṣîl*.", "grammar": { "*rəʾû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine, plural - see/behold", "*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is no", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - gods/God", "*ʿimmāḏî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I", "*ʾāmîṯ*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I kill", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾăḥayyeh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I make alive", "*māḥaṣtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have wounded", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I", "*ʾerpāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I heal", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is none", "*miyyāḏî*": "preposition with noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - from my hand", "*maṣṣîl*": "participle, hifil, masculine, singular - one who delivers/rescues" }, "variants": { "*rəʾû*": "see/behold/observe", "*ʾănî* *ʾănî* *hûʾ*": "I, even I, am he/I am the one", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/God/deity", "*ʾāmîṯ*": "I kill/put to death", "*ʾăḥayyeh*": "I make alive/bring to life/revive", "*māḥaṣtî*": "I have wounded/struck/pierced", "*ʾerpāʾ*": "I heal/restore/make whole", "*maṣṣîl*": "one who delivers/rescues/saves" } } 40 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.40", "source": "כִּֽי־אֶשָּׂ֥א אֶל־שָׁמַ֖יִם יָדִ֑י וְאָמַ֕רְתִּי חַ֥י אָנֹכִ֖י לְעֹלָֽם׃", "text": "For *ʾeśśāʾ* to-*šāmayim* *yāḏî*, and-*ʾāmartî* *ḥay* *ʾānōḵî* to-*ʿōlām*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I lift up", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - heavens", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I say", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine, singular - living", "*ʾānōḵî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I", "*lə*": "preposition - to/for", "*ʿōlām*": "noun, masculine, singular - forever/eternity" }, "variants": { "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "I lift up/raise", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*yāḏî*": "my hand/my arm", "*ʾāmartî*": "I say/declare/swear", "*ḥay*": "living/alive", "*ʿōlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity" } } 41 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.41", "source": "אִם־שַׁנּוֹתִי֙ בְּרַ֣ק חַרְבִּ֔י וְתֹאחֵ֥ז בְּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט יָדִ֑י אָשִׁ֤יב נָקָם֙ לְצָרָ֔י וְלִמְשַׂנְאַ֖י אֲשַׁלֵּֽם׃", "text": "If *šannôṯî* *bəraq* *ḥarbî*, and-*tōʾḥēz* in-*mišpāṭ* *yāḏî*; *ʾāšîḇ* *nāqām* to-*ṣārāy*, and-to-*məśanʾay* *ʾăšallēm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*šannôṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I sharpen/whet", "*bəraq*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - lightning/glittering of", "*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sword", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*tōʾḥēz*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - takes hold", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular - judgment", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will return/render", "*nāqām*": "noun, masculine, singular - vengeance", "*lə*": "preposition - to", "*ṣārāy*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my adversaries", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*li*": "preposition - to", "*məśanʾay*": "participle, piel, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - those who hate me", "*ʾăšallēm*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will repay" }, "variants": { "*šannôṯî*": "I sharpen/whet/polish", "*bəraq*": "lightning/glittering/flash", "*ḥarbî*": "my sword/my weapon", "*tōʾḥēz*": "takes hold/grasps/seizes", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/righteousness", "*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "I will return/render/pay back", "*nāqām*": "vengeance/retribution", "*ṣārāy*": "my adversaries/enemies/foes", "*məśanʾay*": "those who hate me/my haters", "*ʾăšallēm*": "I will repay/requite/recompense" } } 42 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.42", "source": "אַשְׁכִּ֤יר חִצַּי֙ מִדָּ֔ם וְחַרְבִּ֖י תֹּאכַ֣ל בָּשָׂ֑ר מִדַּ֤ם חָלָל֙ וְשִׁבְיָ֔ה מֵרֹ֖אשׁ פַּרְע֥וֹת אוֹיֵֽב׃", "text": "*ʾaškîr* *ḥiṣṣay* from-*dām*, and-*ḥarbî* *tōʾḵal* *bāśār*; from-*dam* *ḥālāl* and-*šiḇyāh*, from-*rōʾš* *parʿôṯ* *ʾôyêḇ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾaškîr*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will make drunk", "*ḥiṣṣay*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my arrows", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*dām*": "noun, masculine, singular - blood", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sword", "*tōʾḵal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will devour", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine, singular - flesh", "*mi*": "preposition - from", "*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - blood of", "*ḥālāl*": "noun, masculine, singular - slain/pierced", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*šiḇyāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - captivity/captives", "*mê*": "preposition - from", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - head of", "*parʿôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - leaders of", "*ʾôyêḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - enemy" }, "variants": { "*ʾaškîr*": "I will make drunk/saturate/drench", "*ḥiṣṣay*": "my arrows/my shafts", "*dām*": "blood/lifeblood", "*ḥarbî*": "my sword/my weapon", "*tōʾḵal*": "will devour/consume/eat", "*bāśār*": "flesh/meat/body", "*ḥālāl*": "slain/pierced/wounded", "*šiḇyāh*": "captivity/captives/prisoners", "*rōʾš*": "head/top/chief", "*parʿôṯ*": "leaders/long-haired ones/princes", "*ʾôyêḇ*": "enemy/foe" } } 43 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.43", "source": "הַרְנִ֤ינוּ גוֹיִם֙ עַמּ֔וֹ כִּ֥י דַם־עֲבָדָ֖יו יִקּ֑וֹם וְנָקָם֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לְצָרָ֔יו וְכִפֶּ֥ר אַדְמָת֖וֹ עַמּֽוֹ׃ פ", "text": "*Harnînû* *gôyim* *ʿammô*, for *dam*-*ʿăḇāḏāyw* *yiqqôm*; and-*nāqām* *yāšîḇ* to-*ṣārāyw*, and-*ḵipper* *ʾaḏmāṯô* *ʿammô*.", "grammar": { "*harnînû*": "verb, hifil imperative, masculine, plural - rejoice/sing joyfully", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*dam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - blood of", "*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*yiqqôm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will avenge", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*nāqām*": "noun, masculine, singular - vengeance", "*yāšîḇ*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will return/render", "*lə*": "preposition - to", "*ṣārāyw*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his adversaries", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḵipper*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will atone for/cleanse", "*ʾaḏmāṯô*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his land", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people" }, "variants": { "*harnînû*": "rejoice/sing joyfully/shout with joy", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation", "*dam*": "blood/bloodshed", "*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "his servants/his slaves", "*yiqqôm*": "he will avenge/take vengeance", "*nāqām*": "vengeance/retribution", "*yāšîḇ*": "he will return/render/repay", "*ṣārāyw*": "his adversaries/his enemies/his foes", "*ḵipper*": "he will atone for/cleanse/purge", "*ʾaḏmāṯô*": "his land/his soil/his territory" } }
• 2 Kgs 17:13-18 : 13 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.13", "source": "וַיָּ֣עַד יְהוָ֡ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל וּבִיהוּדָ֡ה בְּיַד֩ כָּל־נְבִיאֵ֨י כָל־חֹזֶ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר שֻׁ֜֠בוּ מִדַּרְכֵיכֶ֤ם הָֽרָעִים֙ וְשִׁמְרוּ֙ מִצְוֺתַ֣י חֻקּוֹתַ֔י כְּכָ֨ל־הַתּוֹרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֖יתִי אֶת־אֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם וֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁר֙ שָׁלַ֣חְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֔ם בְּיַ֖ד עֲבָדַ֥י הַנְּבִיאִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*yāʿad* *YHWH* in-*yisrāʾēl* and-in-*yəhūdāh* by-*yad* all-*nəbîʾê* all-*ḥōzeh* *lēmōr*: *shūbū* from-*darkêkem* the-*rāʿîm* and-*shimrū* *miṣwōtay* *ḥuqqōtay* like-all-the-*tōrāh* *ʾăsher* *ṣiwwîtî* *ʾet*-*ʾăbōtêkem*, and-*ʾăsher* *shālaḥtî* to-you by-*yad* *ʿăbāday* the-*nəbîʾîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yāʿad*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he testified/warned", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*bə-yisrāʾēl*": "preposition with proper noun - in Israel", "*u-bî-yəhūdāh*": "conjunction, preposition with proper noun - and in Judah", "*bə-yad*": "preposition with construct - by hand of", "*kol-nəbîʾê*": "construct with noun - all prophets of", "*kol-ḥōzeh*": "construct with noun - every seer", "*lēmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*shūbū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - turn back", "*mi-darkêkem*": "preposition with noun and 2nd masculine plural suffix - from your ways", "*hā-rāʿîm*": "definite adjective, masculine plural - the evil", "*wə-shimrū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - keep", "*miṣwōtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st common singular suffix - my commandments", "*ḥuqqōtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st common singular suffix - my statutes", "*kə-kol-ha-tōrāh*": "preposition with construct and definite noun - according to all the law", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular - I commanded", "*ʾet-ʾăbōtêkem*": "direct object marker with noun and 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*wa-ʾăsher*": "conjunction with relative pronoun - and which", "*shālaḥtî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I sent", "*ʾălêkem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*bə-yad*": "preposition with construct - by hand of", "*ʿăbāday*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st common singular suffix - my servants", "*ha-nəbîʾîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the prophets" }, "variants": { "*yāʿad*": "testified/warned/admonished", "*nəbîʾê*": "prophets of", "*ḥōzeh*": "seer/visionary", "*shūbū*": "turn back/return/repent", "*darkêkem hā-rāʿîm*": "your evil ways/your wicked paths", "*shimrū*": "keep/observe/guard", "*tōrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.14", "source": "וְלֹ֖א שָׁמֵ֑עוּ וַיַּקְשׁ֤וּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם֙ כְּעֹ֣רֶף אֲבוֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א הֶאֱמִ֔ינוּ בַּֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə*-*lōʾ* *shāmēʿū* *wə*-*yaqshū* *ʾet*-*ʿorpām* like-*ʿōref* *ʾăbōtām* *ʾăsher* *lōʾ* *heʾĕmînū* in-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*shāmēʿū*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they listened", "*wə-yaqshū*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker with noun and 3rd masculine plural suffix - their neck", "*kə-ʿōref*": "preposition with construct - like neck of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - who", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*heʾĕmînū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they believed", "*ba-YHWH*": "preposition with divine name - in YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*shāmēʿū*": "listened/obeyed/heeded", "*yaqshū*": "hardened/stiffened", "*ʿōref*": "neck/stubbornness", "*heʾĕmînū*": "believed/trusted/had faith" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.15", "source": "וַיִּמְאֲס֣וּ אֶת־חֻקָּ֗יו וְאֶת־בְּרִיתוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּרַ֣ת אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֔ם וְאֵת֙ עֵֽדְוֺתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֵעִ֖יד בָּ֑ם וַיֵּ֨לְכוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י הַהֶ֙בֶל֙ וַיֶּהְבָּ֔לוּ וְאַחֲרֵ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר סְבִֽיבֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י עֲשׂ֥וֹת כָּהֶֽם׃", "text": "And they *māʾas* *ʾēt*-*ḥuqqāh* his, and *ʾēt*-*bᵊrît* his which he *kārat* *ʾēt*-fathers their, and *ʾēt*-*ʿēdût* his which he *ʿûd* against them; and they *hālak* after the *hebel* and they *hābal*, and after the *gôy* which around them, which *ṣiwwâ* *YHWH* *ʾōtām* to not *ʿāśâ* like them.", "grammar": { "*māʾas*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they rejected/despised", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ḥuqqāh*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his statutes/decrees", "*bᵊrît*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his covenant", "*kārat*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he cut/made [covenant]", "*ʿēdût*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his testimonies/witnesses", "*ʿûd*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he testified/witnessed", "*hālak*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they walked/went", "*hebel*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the vanity/emptiness", "*hābal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they became vain/worthless", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations/gentiles", "*ṣiwwâ*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do/make" }, "variants": { "*māʾas*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*ḥuqqāh*": "statutes/decrees/laws", "*bᵊrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*kārat*": "cut/make [covenant]/establish", "*ʿēdût*": "testimonies/witnesses/warnings", "*ʿûd*": "testify/witness/warn", "*hebel*": "vanity/emptiness/worthlessness/idols", "*hābal*": "become vain/worthless/act foolishly", "*gôy*": "nations/gentiles/peoples" } } 16 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.16", "source": "וַיַּעַזְב֗וּ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעֲשׂ֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם מַסֵּכָ֖ה שְׁנֵ֣י עֲגָלִ֑ים וַיַּעֲשׂ֣וּ אֲשֵׁירָ֗ה וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לְכָל־צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֶת־הַבָּֽעַל׃", "text": "And they *ʿāzab* *ʾēt*-all-*miṣwâ* of *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhîm* their, and they *ʿāśâ* for them *massēkâ* two *ʿēgel*; and they *ʿāśâ* *ʾăšērâ*, and they *šāḥâ* to all-*ṣābāʾ* the *šāmayim*, and they *ʿābad* *ʾēt*-the *baʿal*.", "grammar": { "*ʿāzab*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they forsook/abandoned", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwâ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - commandments of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their God", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they made", "*massēkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - molten image/cast idol", "*ʿēgel*": "noun, masculine plural construct - calves", "*ʾăšērâ*": "noun, feminine singular - Asherah pole/sacred tree", "*šāḥâ*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they bowed down", "*ṣābāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - host/army of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens", "*ʿābad*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they served/worshiped", "*baʿal*": "proper noun with definite article - the Baal" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzab*": "forsake/abandon/leave", "*miṣwâ*": "commandments/precepts/orders", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods", "*massēkâ*": "molten image/cast idol/metal statue", "*ʿēgel*": "calves/young bulls", "*ʾăšērâ*": "Asherah pole/sacred tree/pagan goddess", "*šāḥâ*": "bow down/prostrate/worship", "*ṣābāʾ*": "host/army/assembly", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʿābad*": "serve/worship/work for", "*baʿal*": "Baal/lord/master [Canaanite deity]" } } 17 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.17", "source": "וַֽ֠יַּעֲבִירוּ אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּקְסְמ֥וּ קְסָמִ֖ים וַיְנַחֵ֑שׁוּ וַיִּֽתְמַכְּר֗וּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "And they *ʿābar* *ʾēt*-sons their and *ʾēt*-daughters their in the *ʾēš*, and they *qāsam* *qesem*, and they *nāḥaš*; and they *mākar* to *ʿāśâ* the *raʿ* in eyes of *YHWH* to *kāʿas* him.", "grammar": { "*ʿābar*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they caused to pass through", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with prefix preposition - in the fire", "*qāsam*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they practiced divination", "*qesem*": "noun, masculine plural - divinations", "*nāḥaš*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they practiced sorcery/used enchantments", "*mākar*": "Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they sold themselves", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do/make", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*kāʿas*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke/vex him" }, "variants": { "*ʿābar*": "cause to pass through/sacrifice/dedicate [to Molech]", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*qāsam*": "practice divination/soothsaying/fortune-telling", "*qesem*": "divinations/omens/oracles", "*nāḥaš*": "practice sorcery/use enchantments/observe signs", "*mākar*": "sell themselves/give themselves over/devote themselves", "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/wrong", "*kāʿas*": "provoke/vex/anger" } } 18 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.18", "source": "וַיִּתְאַנַּ֨ף יְהוָ֤ה מְאֹד֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיְסִרֵ֖ם מֵעַ֣ל פָּנָ֑יו לֹ֣א נִשְׁאַ֔ר רַ֛ק שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָ֖ה לְבַדּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *ʾānap* *YHWH* *mᵊʾōd* in *yiśrāʾēl*, and he *sûr* them from upon *pānîm* his; not *šāʾar*, only *šēbeṭ* *yᵊhûdâ* to alone it.", "grammar": { "*ʾānap*": "Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he became very angry", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mᵊʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*sûr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he removed them", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*šāʾar*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - remained/was left", "*šēbeṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*yᵊhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*ʾānap*": "become angry/be furious/rage", "*mᵊʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*sûr*": "remove/turn aside/take away", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/sight", "*šāʾar*": "remain/be left/stay behind", "*šēbeṭ*": "tribe/clan/staff" } }
• Job 19:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Job.19.6", "source": "‫דְּֽעוּ־אֵ֭פוֹ כִּי־אֱל֣וֹהַּ עִוְּתָ֑נִי וּ֝מְצוּד֗וֹ עָלַ֥י הִקִּֽיף׃‬", "text": "*dəʿū-ʾēpô* *kî-ʾĕlôah* *ʿiwwətānî* *ū-məṣūdô* *ʿālay* *hiqqîp*", "grammar": { "*dəʿū-ʾēpô*": "qal imperative, masculine plural + particle - know then", "*kî-ʾĕlôah*": "conjunction + noun common masculine singular - that God", "*ʿiwwətānî*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - he has bent/twisted me", "*ū-məṣūdô*": "waw conjunction + noun common feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his net", "*ʿālay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - around me", "*hiqqîp*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has encompassed" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿ*": "to know/understand", "*ʾēpô*": "then/now (emphatic particle)", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity", "*ʿāwat*": "to bend/twist/distort/pervert", "*māṣôd*": "net/snare/hunting implement", "*nāqap*": "to encompass/encircle/surround" } }
• Eccl 9:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.9.12", "source": "כִּ֡י גַּם֩ לֹֽא־יֵדַ֨ע הָאָדָ֜ם אֶת־עִתּ֗וֹ כַּדָּגִים֙ שֶׁנֶּֽאֱחָזִים֙ בִּמְצוֹדָ֣ה רָעָ֔ה וְכַ֨צִּפֳּרִ֔ים הָאֲחֻז֖וֹת בַּפָּ֑ח כָּהֵ֗ם יֽוּקָשִׁים֙ בְּנֵ֣י הָֽאָדָ֔ם לְעֵ֣ת רָעָ֔ה כְּשֶׁתִּפּ֥וֹל עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם פִּתְאֹֽם׃", "text": "For also not-*yēdaʿ* the-*ʾādām* *ʾet*-*ʿittô* like-the-*dāgîm* that-*neʾĕḥāzîm* in-*mĕṣôdâ* *rāʿâ* and-like-the-*ṣipŏrîm* the-*ʾăḥuzôt* in-the-*pāḥ*; like-them *yûqāšîm* *bĕnê* the-*ʾādām* to-*ʿēt* *rāʿâ* when-*tippôl* upon-them *pitʾōm*.", "grammar": { "*yēdaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he knows", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with article - the man/mankind", "*ʿittô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his time", "*dāgîm*": "noun, masculine plural with article - the fish", "*neʾĕḥāzîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - being caught", "*mĕṣôdâ*": "noun, feminine singular - net", "*rāʿâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - evil/bad", "*ṣipŏrîm*": "noun, feminine plural with article - the birds", "*ʾăḥuzôt*": "verb, qal passive participle, feminine plural - being caught", "*pāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with article - the snare/trap", "*yûqāšîm*": "verb, hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - are ensnared", "*bĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with article - the man/mankind", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of", "*rāʿâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - evil/bad", "*tippôl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it falls", "*pitʾōm*": "adverb - suddenly" }, "variants": { "*yēdaʿ*": "knows/understands/perceives", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humanity", "*ʿittô*": "his time/his hour/his appointed time", "*dāgîm*": "fish", "*neʾĕḥāzîm*": "being caught/being trapped/being seized", "*mĕṣôdâ rāʿâ*": "evil net/bad snare/harmful trap", "*ṣipŏrîm*": "birds/sparrows", "*ʾăḥuzôt*": "being caught/being seized/being trapped", "*pāḥ*": "snare/trap/net", "*yûqāšîm*": "are ensnared/are trapped/are caught", "*bĕnê ha-ʾādām*": "sons of man/humans/people", "*ʿēt rāʿâ*": "evil time/time of calamity/bad moment", "*tippôl*": "it falls/it comes/it happens", "*pitʾōm*": "suddenly/unexpectedly/without warning" } }
• Jer 16:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.16.16", "source": "הִנְנִ֨י שֹׁלֵ֜חַ לְדַיָּגִ֥ים רַבִּ֛ים נְאֻם־יְהוָ֖ה וְדִיג֑וּם וְאַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן אֶשְׁלַח֙ לְרַבִּ֣ים צַיָּדִ֔ים וְצָד֞וּם מֵעַ֤ל כָּל־הַר֙ וּמֵעַ֣ל כָּל־גִּבְעָ֔ה וּמִנְּקִיקֵ֖י הַסְּלָעִֽים׃", "text": "Behold-I *šōlēaḥ* to-*ḏayyāgîm* *rabbîm* *nəʾum*-*YHWH* and-*ḏîgûm* and-after-this *ʾešlaḥ* to-many *ṣayyāḏîm* and-*ṣāḏûm* from-upon all-*har* and-from-upon all-*giḇʿāh* and-from-*nəqîqê* *ha-ssəlāʿîm*", "grammar": { "*šōlēaḥ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - sending", "*ḏayyāgîm*": "masculine plural noun - fishermen", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many/great", "*nəʾum*": "construct state, masculine singular - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ḏîgûm*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they shall fish them", "*ʾešlaḥ*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will send", "*ṣayyāḏîm*": "masculine plural noun - hunters", "*ṣāḏûm*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they shall hunt them", "*har*": "masculine singular noun - mountain", "*giḇʿāh*": "feminine singular noun - hill", "*nəqîqê*": "masculine plural construct - clefts/crevices of", "*ha-ssəlāʿîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the rocks" }, "variants": { "*ḏayyāgîm*": "fishermen/fishers", "*ṣayyāḏîm*": "hunters/trappers", "*nəqîqîm*": "clefts/crevices/cracks", "*selaʿ*": "rock/cliff/crag" } }
• Jer 44:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.4", "source": "וָאֶשְׁלַ֤ח אֲלֵיכֶם֙ אֶת־כָּל־עֲבָדַ֣י הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים הַשְׁכֵּ֥ים וְשָׁלֹ֖חַ לֵאמֹ֑ר אַל־נָ֣א תַעֲשׂ֗וּ אֵ֛ת דְּבַֽר־הַתֹּעֵבָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׂנֵֽאתִי׃", "text": "And-*ʾešlaḥ* to-you *ʾet*-all-*ʿăbāday* the-*nebîʾîm* the-*haškēm* and-*šālōaḥ* *lēʾmōr* not-please *taʿăśû* *ʾēt* *debar*-the-*tôʿēbāh* the-this which *śānēʾtî*", "grammar": { "*ʾešlaḥ*": "imperfect consecutive verb, 1st singular - I sent", "*ʿăbāday*": "plural noun with possessive suffix, 1st singular - my servants", "*nebîʾîm*": "definite plural noun - prophets", "*haškēm*": "infinitive absolute, hiphil - rising early", "*šālōaḥ*": "infinitive absolute - sending", "*lēʾmōr*": "infinitive construct with preposition - saying", "*taʿăśû*": "imperfect verb, 2nd plural - you (shall) do", "*debar*": "construct noun - matter/thing of", "*tôʿēbāh*": "definite noun, feminine singular - abomination", "*śānēʾtî*": "perfect verb, 1st singular - I hated" }, "variants": { "*haškēm*": "rising early/being persistent", "*tôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable thing" } }
• Ezek 17:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.17.20", "source": "וּפָרַשְׂתִּ֤י עָלָיו֙ רִשְׁתִּ֔י וְנִתְפַּ֖שׂ בִּמְצֽוּדָתִ֑י וַהֲבִיאוֹתִ֣יהוּ בָבֶ֗לָה וְנִשְׁפַּטְתִּ֤י אִתּוֹ֙ שָׁ֔ם מַעֲל֖וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָֽעַל־בִּֽי׃", "text": "And *ûpāraśtî* upon him *rištî* and *nitpaś* in *məṣûdātî* and *wahăbîʾôtîhû* *Bābelâ* and *wənišpaṭtî* with him there *maʿălô* which *māʿal*-against me", "grammar": { "*ûpāraśtî*": "waw + qal perfect 1st common singular - I will spread/stretch out", "*rištî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my net", "*nitpaś*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be caught/seized", "*məṣûdātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st common singular suffix - my snare/trap", "*wahăbîʾôtîhû*": "waw + hiphil perfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I will bring him", "*Bābelâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Babylon", "*wənišpaṭtî*": "waw + niphal perfect 1st common singular - I will enter into judgment", "*maʿălô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his treachery", "*māʿal*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - acted treacherously" }, "variants": { "*ûpāraśtî*": "I will spread/stretch out/deploy", "*rištî*": "my net/snare/trap", "*nitpaś*": "he will be caught/seized/captured", "*məṣûdātî*": "my snare/trap/net", "*maʿălô*": "his treachery/unfaithfulness/breach of faith" } }
• Ezek 32:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.3", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וּפָרַשְׂתִּ֤י עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־רִשְׁתִּ֔י בִּקְהַ֖ל עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וְהֶעֱל֖וּךָ בְּחֶרְמִֽי׃", "text": "Thus *'āmar* *'ădōnāy* *Yhwh* and *pārastî* upon you *'et*-*rishtî* in *qĕhal 'ammîm rabbîm* and *he'ĕlûkā* in *ḥermî*.", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - said/spoke", "*'ădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*pārastî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I will spread out", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*rishtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1cs suffix - my net", "*qĕhal*": "construct state, masculine singular noun - assembly/company of", "*'ammîm rabbîm*": "masculine plural noun + adjective - many peoples", "*he'ĕlûkā*": "hiphil perfect 3cp with 2ms suffix - they will bring you up", "*ḥermî*": "masculine singular noun with 1cs suffix - my net/dragnet" }, "variants": { "*pārastî*": "I will spread/I will deploy", "*qĕhal*": "assembly/gathering/company", "*ḥermî*": "my dragnet/my fishing net" } }
• Rev 3:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Revelation.3.19", "source": "Ἐγὼ Ὅσους ἐὰν φιλῶ, ἐλέγχω καὶ παιδεύω: ζήλωσον οὖν, καὶ μετανόησον.", "text": "I *Hosous* if *philō*, *elenchō* and *paideuō*: *zēlōson* therefore, and *metanoēson*.", "grammar": { "*Hosous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, relative - as many as", "*philō*": "present active, 1st singular - I love", "*elenchō*": "present active, 1st singular - I rebuke/reprove", "*paideuō*": "present active, 1st singular - I discipline/train", "*zēlōson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - be zealous", "*metanoēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - repent" }, "variants": { "*Hosous*": "as many as/whoever/all whom", "*philō*": "love/have affection for/cherish", "*elenchō*": "rebuke/reprove/expose/convict", "*paideuō*": "discipline/train/educate/correct", "*zēlōson*": "be zealous/earnest/eager", "*metanoēson*": "repent/change your mind/turn around in thinking" } }
• Lev 26:14-46 : 14 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.14", "source": "וְאִם־לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י וְלֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֔וּ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַמִּצְוֺ֖ת הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "And-if-not *tišmeʿû* to-me and-not *taʿăśû* *ʾēt* all-*hammiṣwōt* *hāʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*tišmeʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will listen", "*taʿăśû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will do", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hammiṣwōt*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the commandments", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these" }, "variants": { "*tišmeʿû*": "listen/obey/heed", "*taʿăśû*": "do/perform/fulfill", "*hammiṣwōt*": "the commandments/the precepts/the ordinances" } } 15 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.15", "source": "וְאִם־בְּחֻקֹּתַ֣י תִּמְאָ֔סוּ וְאִ֥ם אֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֖י תִּגְעַ֣ל נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם לְבִלְתִּ֤י עֲשׂוֹת֙ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺתַ֔י לְהַפְרְכֶ֖ם אֶת־בְּרִיתִֽי׃", "text": "And-if-in-*ḥuqqōtay* *timʾāsû* and-if *ʾet*-*mišpāṭay* *tigʿal* *napšekem* to-*biltî* *ʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*miṣwōtay* to-*happrekem* *ʾet*-*berîtî*", "grammar": { "*ḥuqqōtay*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my statutes", "*timʾāsû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will reject", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my judgments", "*tigʿal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will abhor", "*napšekem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your soul", "*biltî*": "preposition - not", "*ʿăśôt*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to do", "*miṣwōtay*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my commandments", "*happrekem*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your breaking", "*berîtî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant" }, "variants": { "*ḥuqqōtay*": "my statutes/my decrees/my ordinances", "*timʾāsû*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments/my ordinances/my laws", "*tigʿal*": "abhor/loathe/reject", "*napšekem*": "your soul/your being/yourselves", "*biltî*": "not/without/except", "*happrekem*": "your breaking/your violating/your nullifying", "*berîtî*": "my covenant/my agreement/my promise" } } 16 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.16", "source": "אַף־אֲנִ֞י אֽ͏ֶעֱשֶׂה־זֹּ֣את לָכֶ֗ם וְהִפְקַדְתִּ֨י עֲלֵיכֶ֤ם בֶּֽהָלָה֙ אֶת־הַשַּׁחֶ֣פֶת וְאֶת־הַקַּדַּ֔חַת מְכַלּ֥וֹת עֵינַ֖יִם וּמְדִיבֹ֣ת נָ֑פֶשׁ וּזְרַעְתֶּ֤ם לָרִיק֙ זַרְעֲכֶ֔ם וַאֲכָלֻ֖הוּ אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "Also-I *ʾeʿĕśeh*-*zōʾt* to-you and-*hipqadtî* upon-you *behālâ* *ʾet*-*haššaḥepet* and-*ʾet*-*haqqaddaḥat* *mekalôt* *ʿênayim* and-*medîbōt* *nāpeš* and-*zeraʿtem* to-*rîq* *zarʿăkem* and-*ʾăkāluhû* *ʾōyebêkem*", "grammar": { "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will do", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*hipqadtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will appoint", "*behālâ*": "noun, feminine singular - terror/sudden destruction", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haššaḥepet*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the consumption/tuberculosis", "*haqqaddaḥat*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the fever", "*mekalôt*": "verb, piel participle, feminine plural - consuming", "*ʿênayim*": "noun, feminine dual - eyes", "*medîbōt*": "verb, hiphil participle, feminine plural - causing to pine away", "*nāpeš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul", "*zeraʿtem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you will sow", "*rîq*": "noun, masculine singular - emptiness/vanity", "*zarʿăkem*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your seed", "*ʾăkāluhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they will eat it", "*ʾōyebêkem*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*behālâ*": "terror/sudden destruction/panic", "*haššaḥepet*": "consumption/tuberculosis/wasting disease", "*haqqaddaḥat*": "fever/burning ague", "*mekalôt*": "consuming/destroying/wasting", "*medîbōt*": "causing to pine away/causing sorrow/causing grief", "*rîq*": "emptiness/vanity/for nothing" } } 17 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.17", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֤י פָנַי֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וְנִגַּפְתֶּ֖ם לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם וְרָד֤וּ בָכֶם֙ שֹֽׂנְאֵיכֶ֔ם וְנַסְתֶּ֖ם וְאֵין־רֹדֵ֥ף אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*nātattî* *pānay* against-you and-*niggaptem* before *ʾōyebêkem* and-*rādû* in-you *śōneʾêkem* and-*nastem* and-*ʾên*-*rōdēp* *ʾetkem*", "grammar": { "*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will set", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my face", "*niggaptem*": "verb, niphal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you will be struck down", "*ʾōyebêkem*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*rādû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive - and they will rule", "*śōneʾêkem*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - those who hate you", "*nastem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you will flee", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*rōdēp*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - pursuer", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you" }, "variants": { "*pānay*": "my face/my presence/my attention", "*niggaptem*": "be struck down/be defeated/be smitten", "*rādû*": "rule over/dominate/have dominion over", "*śōneʾêkem*": "those who hate you/your haters/your enemies", "*nastem*": "flee/run away/escape" } } 18 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.18", "source": "וְאִ֨ם־עַד־אֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י וְיָסַפְתִּי֙ לְיַסְּרָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-if-until-*ʾēlleh* not *tišmeʿû* to-me and-*yāsaptî* to-*yassĕrâ* *ʾetkem* *šebaʿ* upon-*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these", "*tišmeʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will listen", "*yāsaptî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will continue", "*yassĕrâ*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - to discipline", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*šebaʿ*": "numeral, feminine - seven", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*tišmeʿû*": "listen/obey/heed", "*yāsaptî*": "continue/add/increase", "*yassĕrâ*": "discipline/chastise/punish", "*šebaʿ*": "seven times/sevenfold", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*": "your sins/your offenses/your transgressions" } } 19 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.19", "source": "וְשָׁבַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־גְּא֣וֹן עֻזְּכֶ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־שְׁמֵיכֶם֙ כַּבַּרְזֶ֔ל וְאֶֽת־אַרְצְכֶ֖ם כַּנְּחֻשָֽׁה׃", "text": "And *wə-šāḇartî* *ʾet*-*gəʾôn* *ʿuzzəḵem* and *wə-nāṯattî* *ʾet*-*šəmêḵem* like *ka-barzel* and *wə-ʾet*-*ʾarṣəḵem* like *ka-nəḥušâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šāḇartî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will break", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gəʾôn*": "construct state, masculine singular - pride of", "*ʿuzzəḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your strength", "*wə-nāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will make/set", "*šəmêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heavens", "*ka-barzel*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like iron", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land/earth", "*ka-nəḥušâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like bronze/copper" }, "variants": { "*šāḇartî*": "break/shatter/destroy", "*gəʾôn*": "pride/majesty/exaltation", "*ʿuzzəḵem*": "strength/might/power", "*nāṯattî*": "give/put/set/make", "*barzel*": "iron", "*nəḥušâ*": "bronze/copper" } } 20 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.20", "source": "וְתַ֥ם לָרִ֖יק כֹּחֲכֶ֑ם וְלֹֽא־תִתֵּ֤ן אַרְצְכֶם֙ אֶת־יְבוּלָ֔הּ וְעֵ֣ץ הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יִתֵּ֖ן פִּרְיֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə-tam* for *lārîq* *kōḥăḵem* and *wə-lōʾ*-*titten* *ʾarṣəḵem* *ʾet*-*yəḇûlāh* and *wə-ʿēṣ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *lōʾ* *yitten* *piryô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tam*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and will be consumed/spent", "*lārîq*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for emptiness/vanity", "*kōḥăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your strength", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*titten*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will give", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəḇûlāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her produce/yield", "*wə-ʿēṣ*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and tree of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yitten*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will give", "*piryô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his fruit" }, "variants": { "*tam*": "be finished/consumed/exhausted", "*lārîq*": "for emptiness/vanity/nothingness", "*kōḥăḵem*": "strength/power/might", "*titten*": "give/yield/produce", "*yəḇûlāh*": "produce/yield/increase", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*piry*": "fruit/produce" } } 21 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.21", "source": "וְאִם־תֵּֽלְכ֤וּ עִמִּי֙ קֶ֔רִי וְלֹ֥א תֹאב֖וּ לִשְׁמֹ֣עַֽ לִ֑י וְיָסַפְתִּ֤י עֲלֵיכֶם֙ מַכָּ֔ה שֶׁ֖בַע כְּחַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And if *wə-ʾim*-*tēləḵû* *ʿimmî* *qerî* and *wə-lōʾ* *ṯōʾḇû* *lišmōaʿ* to me *lî* and *wə-yāsap̄tî* upon you *ʿălêḵem* *makkâ* *šeḇaʿ* according to *kə-ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*tēləḵû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will walk/go", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*qerî*": "masculine singular noun - contrary/hostile encounter", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯōʾḇû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be willing", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to listen/hear/obey", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*wə-yāsap̄tî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will add/increase", "*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*makkâ*": "feminine singular noun - blow/strike/plague", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*kə-ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - according to your sins" }, "variants": { "*tēləḵû*": "walk/go/behave", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*ṯōʾḇû*": "be willing/consent/agree", "*lišmōaʿ*": "to hear/listen/obey", "*yāsap̄tî*": "add/increase/continue", "*makkâ*": "blow/stroke/plague", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } } 22 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.22", "source": "וְהִשְׁלַחְתִּ֨י בָכֶ֜ם אֶת־חַיַּ֤ת הַשָּׂדֶה֙ וְשִׁכְּלָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם וְהִכְרִ֙יתָה֙ אֶת־בְּהֶמְתְּכֶ֔ם וְהִמְעִ֖יטָה אֶתְכֶ֑ם וְנָשַׁ֖מּוּ דַּרְכֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-hišlaḥtî* among you *ḇāḵem* *ʾet*-*ḥayyaṯ* *ha-śāḏeh* and *wə-šikkəlâ* you *ʾeṯḵem* and *wə-hiḵrîṯâ* *ʾet*-*bəhemtəḵem* and *wə-himʿîṭâ* you *ʾeṯḵem* and *wə-nāšammû* *darḵêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hišlaḥtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will send", "*ḇāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - animal/beast of", "*ha-śāḏeh*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the field", "*wə-šikkəlâ*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and it will bereave", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*wə-hiḵrîṯâ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and it will cut off", "*bəhemtəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cattle", "*wə-himʿîṭâ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and it will diminish", "*wə-nāšammû*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will be desolate", "*darḵêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ways/roads" }, "variants": { "*hišlaḥtî*": "send/let loose/release", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "beast/animal/living creature", "*śāḏeh*": "field/open country", "*šikkəlâ*": "bereave/make childless/destroy", "*hiḵrîṯâ*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*bəhemtəḵem*": "cattle/livestock/beasts", "*himʿîṭâ*": "diminish/reduce/make few", "*nāšammû*": "be desolate/deserted/uninhabited", "*darḵêḵem*": "ways/roads/paths" } } 23 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.23", "source": "וְאִ֨ם־בְּאֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א תִוָּסְר֖וּ לִ֑י וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֥ם עִמִּ֖י קֶֽרִי׃", "text": "And if *wə-ʾim*-*bə-ʾēlleh* *lōʾ* *tiwwāsərû* to me *lî* and *wa-hălaḵtem* with me *ʿimmî* *qerî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*bə-ʾēlleh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun plural - by/with these", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiwwāsərû*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be corrected/instructed", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*wa-hălaḵtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will walk", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*qerî*": "masculine singular noun - contrary/hostile encounter" }, "variants": { "*tiwwāsərû*": "be corrected/disciplined/chastened", "*hălaḵtem*": "walk/go/behave", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition" } } 24 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.24", "source": "וְהָלַכְתִּ֧י אַף־אֲנִ֛י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בְּקֶ֑רִי וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ גַּם־אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-hālaḵtî* also *ʾap̄* I *ʾănî* with you *ʿimmāḵem* in *bə-qerî* and *wə-hikkêṯî* you *ʾeṯḵem* also *gam* I *ʾānî* *šeḇaʿ* for *ʿal*-*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hālaḵtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will walk", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʿimmāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*bə-qerî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in hostility", "*wə-hikkêṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will strike", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*gam*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for/because of", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*hālaḵtî*": "walk/go/behave", "*ʾap̄*": "also/even/indeed", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*hikkêṯî*": "strike/smite/hit", "*gam*": "also/moreover/even", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } } 25 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.25", "source": "וְהֵבֵאתִ֨י עֲלֵיכֶ֜ם חֶ֗רֶב נֹקֶ֙מֶת֙ נְקַם־בְּרִ֔ית וְנֶאֱסַפְתֶּ֖ם אֶל־עָרֵיכֶ֑ם וְשִׁלַּ֤חְתִּי דֶ֙בֶר֙ בְּת֣וֹכְכֶ֔ם וְנִתַּתֶּ֖ם בְּיַד־אוֹיֵֽב׃", "text": "And *wə-hēḇēʾṯî* upon you *ʿălêḵem* *ḥereḇ* *nōqemeṯ* *nəqam*-*bərîṯ* and *wə-neʾĕsap̄tem* to *ʾel*-*ʿārêḵem* and *wə-šillaḥtî* *ḏeḇer* in *bə-ṯôḵəḵem* and *wə-nittaṯtem* in *bə-yaḏ*-*ʾôyēḇ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hēḇēʾṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*nōqemeṯ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - avenging", "*nəqam*": "masculine singular construct - vengeance of", "*bərîṯ*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*wə-neʾĕsap̄tem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will be gathered", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʿārêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities", "*wə-šillaḥtî*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will send", "*ḏeḇer*": "masculine singular noun - pestilence", "*bə-ṯôḵəḵem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your midst", "*wə-nittaṯtem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will be given", "*bə-yaḏ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - into hand of", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - enemy" }, "variants": { "*hēḇēʾṯî*": "bring/lead/carry", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting instrument", "*nōqemeṯ*": "avenging/taking vengeance", "*nəqam*": "vengeance/revenge", "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*neʾĕsap̄tem*": "be gathered/assembled/brought in", "*ʿārêḵem*": "cities/towns", "*šillaḥtî*": "send/dispatch/release", "*ḏeḇer*": "pestilence/plague/disease", "*ṯôḵəḵem*": "midst/middle/among", "*nittaṯtem*": "be given/delivered/handed over", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary" } } 26 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.26", "source": "בְּשִׁבְרִ֣י לָכֶם֮ מַטֵּה־לֶחֶם֒ וְ֠אָפוּ עֶ֣שֶׂר נָשִׁ֤ים לַחְמְכֶם֙ בְּתַנּ֣וּר אֶחָ֔ד וְהֵשִׁ֥יבוּ לַחְמְכֶ֖ם בַּמִּשְׁקָ֑ל וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֖ם וְלֹ֥א תִשְׂבָּֽעוּ׃", "text": "In *bə-šiḇrî* to you *lāḵem* *maṭṭēh*-*leḥem* and *wə-ʾāp̄û* *ʿeśer* *nāšîm* your bread *laḥməḵem* in *bə-tannûr* *ʾeḥāḏ* and *wə-hēšîḇû* your bread *laḥməḵem* by *ba-mišqāl* and *wa-ʾăḵaltem* and *wə-lōʾ* *ṯiśbāʿû*.", "grammar": { "*bə-šiḇrî*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - when I break", "*lāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to/for you", "*maṭṭēh*": "masculine singular construct - staff/rod of", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread/food", "*wə-ʾāp̄û*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will bake", "*ʿeśer*": "cardinal number - ten", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural noun - women", "*laḥməḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your bread", "*bə-tannûr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in oven", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "cardinal number - one", "*wə-hēšîḇû*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will return/give back", "*ba-mišqāl*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - by weight", "*wa-ʾăḵaltem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will eat", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯiśbāʿû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be satisfied" }, "variants": { "*šiḇrî*": "break/shatter/destroy", "*maṭṭēh*": "staff/rod/support", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*ʾāp̄û*": "bake/cook", "*nāšîm*": "women", "*laḥməḵem*": "your bread/food", "*tannûr*": "oven/furnace", "*hēšîḇû*": "return/restore/bring back", "*mišqāl*": "weight/measure", "*ʾăḵaltem*": "eat/consume", "*ṯiśbāʿû*": "be satisfied/filled/have enough" } } 27 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.27", "source": "וְאִ֨ם־בְּזֹ֔את לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֥ם עִמִּ֖י בְּקֶֽרִי׃", "text": "And if *wə-ʾim*-*bə-zōʾṯ* *lōʾ* *ṯišməʿû* to me *lî* and *wa-hălaḵtem* with me *ʿimmî* in *bə-qerî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*bə-zōʾṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - in/by this", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯišməʿû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will listen/hear/obey", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*wa-hălaḵtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will walk", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*bə-qerî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in hostility" }, "variants": { "*zōʾṯ*": "this (feminine singular)", "*ṯišməʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*hălaḵtem*": "walk/go/behave", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition" } } 28 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.28", "source": "וְהָלַכְתִּ֥י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בַּחֲמַת־קֶ֑רִי וְיִסַּרְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ אַף־אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם׃", "text": "And *wə-hālaḵtî* with you *ʿimmāḵem* in *ba-ḥămaṯ*-*qerî* and *wə-yissartî* you *ʾeṯḵem* also *ʾap̄*-*ʾānî* *šeḇaʿ* for *ʿal*-*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hālaḵtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will walk", "*ʿimmāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*ba-ḥămaṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in fury of", "*qerî*": "masculine singular noun - hostility", "*wə-yissartî*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will chastise", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for/because of", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*hālaḵtî*": "walk/go/behave", "*ḥămaṯ*": "heat/fury/wrath", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*yissartî*": "chastise/discipline/punish", "*ʾap̄*": "also/even/indeed", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } } 29 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.29", "source": "וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֖ם בְּשַׂ֣ר בְּנֵיכֶ֑ם וּבְשַׂ֥ר בְּנֹתֵיכֶ֖ם תֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃", "text": "And *wa-ʾăḵaltem* *bəśar* *bənêḵem* and *û-ḇəśar* *bənōṯêḵem* *tōʾḵēlû*.", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾăḵaltem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will eat", "*bəśar*": "masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bənêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*û-ḇəśar*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and flesh of", "*bənōṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your daughters", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will eat" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḵaltem*": "eat/consume/devour", "*bəśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*bənêḵem*": "your sons/children (male)", "*bənōṯêḵem*": "your daughters/children (female)", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "eat/consume/devour" } } 30 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.30", "source": "וְהִשְׁמַדְתִּ֞י אֶת־בָּמֹֽתֵיכֶ֗ם וְהִכְרַתִּי֙ אֶת־חַמָּ֣נֵיכֶ֔ם וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ אֶת־פִּגְרֵיכֶ֔ם עַל־פִּגְרֵ֖י גִּלּוּלֵיכֶ֑ם וְגָעֲלָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-hišmaḏtî* *ʾet*-*bāmōṯêḵem* and *wə-hiḵrattî* *ʾet*-*ḥammānêḵem* and *wə-nāṯattî* *ʾet*-*piḡrêḵem* upon *ʿal*-*piḡrê* *gillûlêḵem* and *wə-ḡāʿălâ* *nap̄šî* you *ʾeṯḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hišmaḏtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will destroy", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bāmōṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your high places", "*wə-hiḵrattî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will cut off", "*ḥammānêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sun-pillars", "*wə-nāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will put", "*piḡrêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your corpses", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*piḡrê*": "masculine plural construct - corpses of", "*gillûlêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your idols", "*wə-ḡāʿălâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and will abhor", "*nap̄šî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you" }, "variants": { "*hišmaḏtî*": "destroy/annihilate/exterminate", "*bāmōṯêḵem*": "high places/cult platforms", "*hiḵrattî*": "cut off/cut down/destroy", "*ḥammānêḵem*": "sun-pillars/incense altars", "*nāṯattî*": "give/put/place", "*piḡrêḵem*": "corpses/dead bodies", "*gillûlêḵem*": "idols/images/dung-idols", "*ḡāʿălâ*": "abhor/loathe/reject", "*nap̄šî*": "my soul/life/self" } } 31 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.31", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־עָֽרֵיכֶם֙ חָרְבָּ֔ה וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֖י אֶת־מִקְדְּשֵׁיכֶ֑ם וְלֹ֣א אָרִ֔יחַ בְּרֵ֖יחַ נִיחֹֽחֲכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-nāṯattî* *ʾet*-*ʿārêḵem* *ḥorḇâ* and *wa-hăšimmôṯî* *ʾet*-*miqdəšêḵem* and *wə-lōʾ* *ʾārîaḥ* in *bə-rêaḥ* *nîḥōḥăḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-nāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will make", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿārêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities", "*ḥorḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation", "*wa-hăšimmôṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make desolate", "*miqdəšêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sanctuaries", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʾārîaḥ*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will smell", "*bə-rêaḥ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in odor of", "*nîḥōḥăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your pleasing (offerings)" }, "variants": { "*nāṯattî*": "give/make/set", "*ʿārêḵem*": "your cities/towns", "*ḥorḇâ*": "waste/ruin/desolation", "*hăšimmôṯî*": "make desolate/lay waste", "*miqdəšêḵem*": "your sanctuaries/holy places", "*ʾārîaḥ*": "smell/perceive odor", "*rêaḥ*": "odor/scent/smell", "*nîḥōḥăḵem*": "your pleasant/sweet/pleasing (offerings)" } } 32 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.32", "source": "וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י אֲנִ֖י אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְשָֽׁמְמ֤וּ עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ אֹֽיְבֵיכֶ֔ם הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wa-hăšimmōṯî* I *ʾănî* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* and *wə-šāmməmû* upon her *ʿālêhā* *ʾōyəḇêḵem* *ha-yōšəḇîm* in her *bāh*.", "grammar": { "*wa-hăšimmōṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make desolate", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*wə-šāmməmû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will be astonished", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon it", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*ha-yōšəḇîm*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine plural - the ones dwelling", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*hăšimmōṯî*": "make desolate/lay waste", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šāmməmû*": "be astonished/appalled/desolate", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries", "*yōšəḇîm*": "dwelling/living/sitting" } } 33 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.33", "source": "וְאֶתְכֶם֙ אֱזָרֶ֣ה בַגּוֹיִ֔ם וַהֲרִיקֹתִ֥י אַחֲרֵיכֶ֖ם חָ֑רֶב וְהָיְתָ֤ה אַרְצְכֶם֙ שְׁמָמָ֔ה וְעָרֵיכֶ֖ם יִהְי֥וּ חָרְבָּֽה׃", "text": "And you *wə-ʾeṯḵem* *ʾĕzāreh* among *ḇa-gôyim* and *wa-hărîqōṯî* after you *ʾaḥărêḵem* *ḥāreḇ* and *wə-hāyəṯâ* your land *ʾarṣəḵem* *šəmāmâ* and your cities *wə-ʿārêḵem* *yihyû* *ḥorḇâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾeṯḵem*": "conjunction + direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and you", "*ʾĕzāreh*": "Piel imperfect 1st person singular - I will scatter", "*ḇa-gôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the nations", "*wa-hărîqōṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will draw", "*ʾaḥărêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - after you", "*ḥāreḇ*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*wə-hāyəṯâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and will be", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*šəmāmâ*": "feminine singular noun - desolation", "*wə-ʿārêḵem*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and your cities", "*yihyû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*ḥorḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕzāreh*": "scatter/disperse/winnow", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*hărîqōṯî*": "draw out/unsheathe/empty", "*ḥāreḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting instrument", "*hāyəṯâ*": "be/become/exist", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "your land/country/territory", "*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*ʿārêḵem*": "your cities/towns", "*yihyû*": "be/become/exist", "*ḥorḇâ*": "waste/ruin/desolation" } } 34 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.34", "source": "אָז֩ תִּרְצֶ֨ה הָאָ֜רֶץ אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗יהָ כֹּ֚ל יְמֵ֣י הֳשַׁמָּ֔ה וְאַתֶּ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם אָ֚ז תִּשְׁבַּ֣ת הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִרְצָ֖ת אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "Then *ʾāz* *tirṣeh* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ʾet*-*šabbəṯōṯêhā* all *kōl* days of *yəmê* *hošammâ* and you *wə-ʾattem* in land of *bə-ʾereṣ* your enemies *ʾōyəḇêḵem* then *ʾāz* *tišbaṯ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* and *wə-hirṣāṯ* *ʾet*-*šabbəṯōṯêhā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*tirṣeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will enjoy/accept", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of", "*hošammâ*": "Hophal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her being desolate", "*wə-ʾattem*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine plural independent pronoun - and you", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*tišbaṯ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will rest", "*wə-hirṣāṯ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she will make up for", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths" }, "variants": { "*ʾāz*": "then/at that time", "*tirṣeh*": "enjoy/accept/be pleased with", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "her sabbaths/rest periods", "*hošammâ*": "being desolate/lying waste", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries", "*tišbaṯ*": "rest/cease/desist", "*hirṣāṯ*": "make up for/satisfy/pay off" } } 35 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.35", "source": "כָּל־יְמֵ֥י הָשַׁמָּ֖ה תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־שָׁבְתָ֛ה בְּשַׁבְּתֹתֵיכֶ֖ם בְּשִׁבְתְּכֶ֥ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "All *kol*-*yəmê* *ha-šammâ* *tišbōṯ* *ʾēṯ* that which *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*šāḇəṯâ* in your sabbaths *bə-šabbəṯōṯêḵem* in your dwelling *bə-šiḇtəḵem* upon it *ʿālêhā*.", "grammar": { "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of", "*ha-šammâ*": "definite article + Qal infinitive construct - the desolation", "*tišbōṯ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will rest", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šāḇəṯâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she rested", "*bə-šabbəṯōṯêḵem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your sabbaths", "*bə-šiḇtəḵem*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your dwelling", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon it" }, "variants": { "*yəmê*": "days of", "*šammâ*": "desolation/devastation", "*tišbōṯ*": "rest/cease/desist", "*šāḇəṯâ*": "rested/ceased/desisted", "*šabbəṯōṯêḵem*": "your sabbaths/rest periods", "*šiḇtəḵem*": "your dwelling/sitting/remaining" } } 36 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.36", "source": "וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּכֶ֔ם וְהֵבֵ֤אתִי מֹ֙רֶךְ֙ בִּלְבָבָ֔ם בְּאַרְצֹ֖ת אֹיְבֵיהֶ֑ם וְרָדַ֣ף אֹתָ֗ם ק֚וֹל עָלֶ֣ה נִדָּ֔ף וְנָס֧וּ מְנֻֽסַת־חֶ֛רֶב וְנָפְל֖וּ וְאֵ֥ין רֹדֵֽף׃", "text": "And *wə-ha-nišʾārîm* among you *bāḵem* and *wə-hēḇēʾṯî* *mōreḵ* in their hearts *bi-lḇāḇām* in lands of *bə-ʾarṣōṯ* their enemies *ʾōyəḇêhem* and *wə-rāḏap̄* them *ʾōṯām* *qôl* *ʿāleh* *niddāp̄* and *wə-nāsû* *mənusaṯ*-*ḥereḇ* and *wə-nāp̄əlû* and *wə-ʾên* *rōḏēp̄*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ha-nišʾārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + Niphal participle masculine plural - and the ones remaining", "*bāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you", "*wə-hēḇēʾṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*mōreḵ*": "masculine singular noun - faintness/softness", "*bi-lḇāḇām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - into their hearts", "*bə-ʾarṣōṯ*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - in lands of", "*ʾōyəḇêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*wə-rāḏap̄*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and will pursue", "*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*ʿāleh*": "masculine singular noun - leaf", "*niddāp̄*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - being driven", "*wə-nāsû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will flee", "*mənusaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - flight of", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*wə-nāp̄əlû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will fall", "*wə-ʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there is not", "*rōḏēp̄*": "Qal participle masculine singular - one pursuing" }, "variants": { "*nišʾārîm*": "remaining/left/surviving", "*hēḇēʾṯî*": "bring/carry/lead", "*mōreḵ*": "faintness/cowardice/softness", "*lḇāḇām*": "their heart/mind/inner being", "*ʾarṣōṯ*": "lands/territories/countries", "*ʾōyəḇêhem*": "their enemies/foes/adversaries", "*rāḏap̄*": "pursue/chase/follow after", "*qôl*": "sound/noise/voice", "*ʿāleh*": "leaf/foliage", "*niddāp̄*": "being driven/scattered/blown away", "*nāsû*": "flee/escape/run away", "*mənusaṯ*": "flight/escape", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting instrument", "*nāp̄əlû*": "fall/drop/be cast down", "*ʾên*": "there is not/nothing/no", "*rōḏēp̄*": "pursuer/chaser" } } 37 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.37", "source": "וְכָשְׁל֧וּ אִישׁ־בְּאָחִ֛יו כְּמִפְּנֵי־חֶ֖רֶב וְרֹדֵ֣ף אָ֑יִן וְלֹא־תִֽהְיֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ תְּקוּמָ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י אֹֽיְבֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-kāšəlû* *ʾîš*-*bəʾāḥîw* *kəmippənê*-*ḥereb* *wə-rōdēp* *ʾāyin* *wə-lōʾ*-*tihyeh* *lākem* *təqûmāh* *lipnê* *ʾōyəbêkem*", "grammar": { "*wə-kāšəlû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person plural - and they shall stumble/fall", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct - each man/one", "*bəʾāḥîw*": "preposition + masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against his brother", "*kəmippənê*": "preposition + preposition + construct form - as from before/as if fleeing from", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*wə-rōdēp*": "conjunction + Qal participle masculine singular - and pursuer", "*ʾāyin*": "adverb of negation - there is none", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will be", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you", "*təqûmāh*": "feminine singular noun - standing/ability to stand/resistance", "*lipnê*": "preposition + construct form - before/in front of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*kāšəlû*": "stumble/fall/stagger/fail", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/one another", "*kəmippənê*": "as if before/as if fleeing from", "*təqûmāh*": "standing/ability to rise/resistance/recovery" } } 38 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.38", "source": "וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֖ם בַּגּוֹיִ֑ם וְאָכְלָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם אֶ֖רֶץ אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-ʾăbadtem* *baggôyim* *wə-ʾāḵəlāh* *ʾetkem* *ʾereṣ* *ʾōyəbêkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾăbadtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall perish", "*baggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the nations", "*wə-ʾāḵəlāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she shall consume/devour", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct noun - land of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbadtem*": "perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*ʾāḵəlāh*": "eat/consume/devour" } } 39 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.39", "source": "וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּכֶ֗ם יִמַּ֙קּוּ֙ בּֽ͏ַעֲוֺנָ֔ם בְּאַרְצֹ֖ת אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם וְאַ֛ף בַּעֲוֺנֹ֥ת אֲבֹתָ֖ם אִתָּ֥ם יִמָּֽקּוּ׃", "text": "*wə-hannišʾārîm* *bākem* *yimmaqû* *baʿăwōnām* *bəʾarṣōt* *ʾōyəbêkem* *wə-ʾap* *baʿăwōnōt* *ʾăbōtām* *ʾittām* *yimmāqû*", "grammar": { "*wə-hannišʾārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + Niphal participle masculine plural - and those remaining", "*bākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you", "*yimmaqû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall waste away/rot", "*baʿăwōnām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their iniquity", "*bəʾarṣōt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - in lands of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also/moreover", "*baʿăwōnōt*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - in iniquities of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʾittām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*yimmāqû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall waste away/rot" }, "variants": { "*nišʾārîm*": "remaining/left over/survivors", "*yimmaqû*": "rot/waste away/decay/pine away", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*ʾăbōt*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } } 40 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.40", "source": "וְהִתְוַדּ֤וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָם֙ וְאֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן אֲבֹתָ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בִ֑י וְאַ֕ף אֲשֶׁר־הֽ͏ָלְכ֥וּ עִמִּ֖י בְּקֶֽרִי׃", "text": "*wə-hitwaddû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām* *wə-ʾet*-*ʿăwōn* *ʾăbōtām* *bəmaʿălām* *ʾăšer* *māʿălû*-*bî* *wə-ʾap* *ʾăšer*-*hālḵû* *ʿimmî* *bəqerî*", "grammar": { "*wə-hitwaddû*": "conjunction + Hithpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall confess", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*wə-ʾet*-*ʿăwōn*": "conjunction + direct object marker + masculine singular construct - and iniquity of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*bəmaʿălām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their unfaithfulness", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*māʿălû*-*bî*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - they have committed against me", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾăšer*-*hālḵû*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - which they walked/went", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*bəqerî*": "preposition + masculine noun - in hostility/contrary" }, "variants": { "*hitwaddû*": "confess/acknowledge", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*maʿal*": "unfaithfulness/treachery/trespass", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition/stubbornness" } } 41 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.41", "source": "אַף־אֲנִ֗י אֵלֵ֤ךְ עִמָּם֙ בְּקֶ֔רִי וְהֵבֵאתִ֣י אֹתָ֔ם בְּאֶ֖רֶץ אֹיְבֵיהֶ֑ם אוֹ־אָ֣ז יִכָּנַ֗ע לְבָבָם֙ הֶֽעָרֵ֔ל וְאָ֖ז יִרְצ֥וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾap*-*ʾănî* *ʾēlēḵ* *ʿimmām* *bəqerî* *wə-hēbēʾtî* *ʾōtām* *bəʾereṣ* *ʾōyəbêhem* *ʾô*-*ʾāz* *yikkānaʿ* *ləbābām* *heʿārēl* *wə-ʾāz* *yirṣû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*", "grammar": { "*ʾap*-*ʾănî*": "conjunction/adverb + 1st person singular independent pronoun - I also", "*ʾēlēḵ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will walk/go", "*ʿimmām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*bəqerî*": "preposition + masculine noun - in hostility/contrary", "*wə-hēbēʾtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*bəʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*ʾô*-*ʾāz*": "conjunction + adverb - or then/perhaps then", "*yikkānaʿ*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be humbled", "*ləbābām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*heʿārēl*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the uncircumcised", "*wə-ʾāz*": "conjunction + adverb - and then", "*yirṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will accept/be satisfied", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity" }, "variants": { "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition/stubbornness", "*yikkānaʿ*": "be humbled/be subdued/be brought low", "*ʿārēl*": "uncircumcised/impure/obstinate", "*yirṣû*": "accept/be satisfied/pay for/make amends" } } 42 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.42", "source": "וְזָכַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֣י יַעֲק֑וֹב וְאַף֩ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֨י יִצְחָ֜ק וְאַ֨ף אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֶזְכֹּ֖ר וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֶזְכֹּֽר׃", "text": "*wə-zāḵartî* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *yaʿăqôb* *wə-ʾap* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *yiṣḥāq* *wə-ʾap* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *ʾabrāhām* *ʾezkōr* *wə-hāʾāreṣ* *ʾezkōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-zāḵartî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will remember", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*yaʿăqôb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*ʾezkōr*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will remember", "*wə-hāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the land", "*ʾezkōr*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will remember" }, "variants": { "*zāḵartî*": "remember/recall/be mindful of", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty" } } 43 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.43", "source": "וְהָאָרֶץ֩ תֵּעָזֵ֨ב מֵהֶ֜ם וְתִ֣רֶץ אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗יהָ בָּהְּשַׁמָּה֙ מֵהֶ֔ם וְהֵ֖ם יִרְצ֣וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָ֑ם יַ֣עַן וּבְיַ֔עַן בְּמִשְׁפָּטַ֣י מָאָ֔סוּ וְאֶת־חֻקֹּתַ֖י גָּעֲלָ֥ה נַפְשָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wə-hāʾāreṣ* *tēʿāzēb* *mēhem* *wə-tireṣ* *ʾet*-*šabbətōtêhā* *bāhəšammāh* *mēhem* *wə-hēm* *yirṣû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām* *yaʿan* *ûbəyaʿan* *bəmišpāṭay* *māʾāsû* *wə-ʾet*-*ḥuqqōtay* *gāʿălāh* *napšām*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the land", "*tēʿāzēb*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she shall be abandoned", "*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wə-tireṣ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she shall enjoy/accept", "*ʾet*-*šabbətōtêhā*": "direct object marker + feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths", "*bāhəšammāh*": "preposition + Hophal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in her being desolate", "*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wə-hēm*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine plural independent pronoun - and they", "*yirṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will accept/make amends for", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction/adverb - because", "*ûbəyaʿan*": "conjunction + preposition + conjunction/adverb - and because", "*bəmišpāṭay*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - against my judgments", "*māʾāsû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they rejected", "*wə-ʾet*-*ḥuqqōtay*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - and my statutes", "*gāʿălāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she abhorred", "*napšām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soul" }, "variants": { "*tēʿāzēb*": "be abandoned/be forsaken/be left", "*tireṣ*": "accept/enjoy/satisfy debt", "*šabbətōt*": "sabbaths/rest periods", "*həšammāh*": "being desolate/being deserted", "*yirṣû*": "accept/make amends for/pay for/satisfy", "*māʾāsû*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*gāʿălāh*": "abhor/loathe/reject" } } 44 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.44", "source": "וְאַף־גַּם־זֹ֠את בִּֽהְיוֹתָ֞ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֗ם לֹֽא־מְאַסְתִּ֤ים וְלֹֽא־גְעַלְתִּים֙ לְכַלֹּתָ֔ם לְהָפֵ֥ר בְּרִיתִ֖י אִתָּ֑ם כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-ʾap*-*gam*-*zōʾt* *bihyôtām* *bəʾereṣ* *ʾōyəbêhem* *lōʾ*-*məʾastîm* *wə-lōʾ*-*gəʿaltîm* *ləḵallōtām* *ləhāpēr* *bərîtî* *ʾittām* *kî* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾap*-*gam*-*zōʾt*": "conjunction + adverb + adverb + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - and yet for all that", "*bihyôtām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their being", "*bəʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*lōʾ*-*məʾastîm*": "negative particle + Qal perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will not reject them", "*wə-lōʾ*-*gəʿaltîm*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will not abhor them", "*ləḵallōtām*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to destroy them", "*ləhāpēr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to break", "*bərîtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾittām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*məʾastîm*": "reject/refuse/despise them", "*gəʿaltîm*": "abhor/loathe/reject them", "*ləḵallōtām*": "to finish them/to destroy them completely", "*ləhāpēr*": "to break/to annul/to make void" } } 45 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.45", "source": "וְזָכַרְתִּ֥י לָהֶ֖ם בְּרִ֣ית רִאשֹׁנִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר הוֹצֵֽאתִי־אֹתָם֩ מֵאֶ֨רֶץ מִצְרַ֜יִם לְעֵינֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֗ם לִהְיֹ֥ת לָהֶ֛ם לֵאלֹהִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-zāḵartî* *lāhem* *bərît* *riʾšōnîm* *ʾăšer* *hôṣēʾtî*-*ʾōtām* *mēʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* *ləʿênê* *haggôyim* *lihyôt* *lāhem* *lēlōhîm* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-zāḵartî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will remember", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for them", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*riʾšōnîm*": "masculine plural adjective - former ones/ancestors", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*hôṣēʾtî*-*ʾōtām*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular + direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I brought them out", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ləʿênê*": "preposition + construct dual noun - before eyes of", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*lihyôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to be", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*lēlōhîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - for God", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD" }, "variants": { "*zāḵartî*": "remember/recall/be mindful of", "*riʾšōnîm*": "former ones/ancestors/previous ones", "*hôṣēʾtî*": "bring out/lead out/deliver", "*lihyôt*": "to be/to become/to exist" } } 46 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.46", "source": "אֵ֠לֶּה הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ וְהַתּוֹרֹת֒ אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן יְהוָ֔ה בֵּינ֕וֹ וּבֵ֖ין בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל בְּהַ֥ר סִינַ֖י בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ פ", "text": "*ʾēlleh* *haḥuqqîm* *wə-hammišpāṭîm* *wə-hattôrōt* *ʾăšer* *nātan* *YHWH* *bênô* *ûbên* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *bəhar* *sînay* *bəyad*-*mōšeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "plural demonstrative pronoun - these", "*haḥuqqîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the statutes", "*wə-hammišpāṭîm*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine plural noun - and the judgments", "*wə-hattôrōt*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine plural noun - and the laws", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*bênô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - between him", "*ûbên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*bəhar*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in mountain of", "*sînay*": "proper noun - Sinai", "*bəyad*-*mōšeh*": "preposition + feminine singular construct + proper noun - by hand of Moses" }, "variants": { "*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/legal decisions", "*tôrōt*": "laws/instructions/teachings", "*nātan*": "give/set/put", "*bəyad*": "by hand of/through/by means of" } }