Verse 19

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.19", "source": "תְּיַסְּרֵ֣ךְ רָעָתֵ֗ךְ וּמְשֻֽׁבוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ תּוֹכִחֻ֔ךְ וּדְעִ֤י וּרְאִי֙ כִּי־רַ֣ע וָמָ֔ר עָזְבֵ֖ךְ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֑יִךְ וְלֹ֤א פַחְדָּתִי֙ אֵלַ֔יִךְ נְאֻם־אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "*təyassərēk* *rāʿātēk* *ūməšubôtayik* *tôkiḥuk* *ūdəʿî* *ūrəʾî* *kî*-*raʿ* *wāmār* *ʿāzəbēk* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhāyik* *wəlōʾ* *paḥdātî* *ʾēlayik* *nəʾum*-*ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*", "grammar": { "*təyassərēk*": "imperfect Piel, 3rd feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - will discipline/chastise you", "*rāʿātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your evil/wickedness", "*ūməšubôtayik*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your backslidings/apostasies", "*tôkiḥuk*": "imperfect Hiphil, 3rd feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will rebuke/reprove you", "*ūdəʿî*": "conjunction + imperative Qal, 2nd feminine singular - and know!", "*ūrəʾî*": "conjunction + imperative Qal, 2nd feminine singular - and see!", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because/for", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad", "*wāmār*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and bitter", "*ʿāzəbēk*": "infinitive construct Qal with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your forsaking", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your God", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*paḥdātî*": "perfect Qal, 3rd feminine singular - my fear/dread", "*ʾēlayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to/toward you", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun - declaration/oracle of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*təyassərēk*": "will discipline/chastise/correct/punish you", "*rāʿātēk*": "your evil/wickedness/calamity", "*məšubôtayik*": "your backslidings/apostasies/rebellions", "*tôkiḥuk*": "will rebuke/reprove/correct/convict you", "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/wicked/harmful", "*mār*": "bitter/painful/grievous", "*ʿāzəbēk*": "your forsaking/abandoning/leaving", "*paḥdātî*": "my fear/dread/terror", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Din egen ondskap skal straffe deg, og dine frafall vil dømme deg. Kjenn og se at det er ondt og bittert at du har forlatt Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er i deg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Din ondskap skal straffe deg, og dine frafall skal irettesette deg. Innse derfor og lær at det er ondt og bittert at du har forlatt Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er i deg, sier Herren Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Norsk King James

  Din egen ondskap skal straffe deg, og dine tilbakefall skal refse deg: innse derfor og forstå at det er en ond og bitter ting å ha forlatt Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er hos deg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Din ondskap skal tukte deg, dine viker skal straffe deg. Vit og erkjenn at det er ondt og bittert å forlate Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er hos deg, sier Herren, Hærskarenes Gud.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Din ondskap straffer deg, ditt frafall refser deg. Innse og erkjenn hvor ondt og bittert det er å forlate Herren din Gud og ikke ha frykt for meg, sier Herren, Herren Allhærs Gud.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Din egen ondskap skal tukte deg, ditt troløse frafall skal straffe deg: Erkjenn derfor og se at det er ondt og bitrest å ha forlatt Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er i deg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Din egen ondskap vil rette deg og dine frafall irettesette deg. Forstå og se at det er både ondt og bittert at du har forlatt Herren din Gud, og at min ærefrykt ikke bor i deg, sier Herren, hærskarens Gud.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Din egen ondskap skal tukte deg, ditt troløse frafall skal straffe deg: Erkjenn derfor og se at det er ondt og bitrest å ha forlatt Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er i deg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Din ondskap skal tukte deg, og ditt frafall skal refse deg. Vit og se at det er ondt og bittert å forlate Herren din Gud og ikke ha frykt for meg, sier Herren Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Your own wickedness will discipline you; your backslidings will rebuke you. Consider and see how evil and bitter it is for you to forsake the LORD your God and to have no fear of me,” declares the Lord, the LORD Almighty.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Din ondskap vil refse deg, og ditt frafall vil straffe deg. Vit og se at det er ondt og bittert å forlate Herren din Gud, og frykten for meg er ikke i deg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Din Ondskab skal tugte dig, og dine Afvendelser straffe dig, og viid og see, at det er ondt og beeskt, at du haver forladt Herren din Gud, og at min Frygt er ikke hos dig, siger Herren, den Herre Zebaoth.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the LORD thy God, and that my fear is not in thee, saith the Lord GOD of hosts.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Din egen ondskap skal straffe deg, og dine frafall skal irettesette deg: Vit derfor og se at det er en ond ting og bittert at du har forlatt Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er i deg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Your own wickedness shall correct you, and your backslidings shall reprove you: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that you have forsaken the LORD your God, and that my fear is not in you, says the Lord GOD of hosts.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the LORD thy God, and that my fear is not in thee, saith the Lord GOD of hosts.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Din egen ondskap skal irettesette deg, og dine frafall skal korrigere deg: vit derfor og se at det er en ond ting og bittert, at du har forlatt Yahweh din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er i deg, sier Herren, Yahweh over hærskarene.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Din ondskap tukter deg, og dine frafall irettesetter deg. Vit og se at det er ondt og bittert, din fravikelse av Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er i deg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Din egen ondskap skal tukte deg, og dine frafall skal slå deg: Så vit og se at det er ondt og bittert at du har forlatt Herren din Gud, og at min frykt ikke er i deg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Dine egne ondskaper vil straffe deg, og dine feil vil dømme deg: forviss deg om at det er et ondt og bittert ting å forlate Herren din Gud, og å ikke lenger frykte meg, sier Herren, hærskarenes Gud.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thine owne wickednesse shal reproue the, and thy turnynge awaye shal condemne the: that thou mayest knowe and vnderstonde, how euel and hurtful a thinge it is, yt thou hast forsaken the LORDE thy God, and not feared him, saieth the LORDE God of hoostes.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Thine owne wickednes shal correct thee, and thy turnings backe shal reprooue thee: know therefore and beholde, that it is an euil thing, and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the Lord thy God, and that my feare is not in thee, sayeth the Lorde God of hostes.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thine owne wickednesse shall reproue thee, and thy turnyng away shall condempne thee: that thou mayest knowe and vnderstand howe euyll and hurtfull a thyng it is, that thou hast forsaken the Lorde thy God, and hast not feared me, saith the Lorde God of hoastes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that [it is] an evil [thing] and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the LORD thy God, and that my fear [is] not in thee, saith the Lord GOD of hosts.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Your own wickedness shall correct you, and your backsliding shall reprove you: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and a bitter, that you have forsaken Yahweh your God, and that my fear is not in you, says the Lord, Yahweh of Hosts.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Instruct thee doth thy wickedness, And thy backslidings reprove thee, Know and see that an evil and a bitter thing `Is' thy forsaking Jehovah thy God, And My fear not being on thee, An affirmation of the Lord Jehovah of Hosts.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and a bitter, that thou hast forsaken Jehovah thy God, and that my fear is not in thee, saith the Lord, Jehovah of hosts.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The evil you yourselves have done will be your punishment, your errors will be your judge: be certain then, and see that it is an evil and a bitter thing to give up the Lord your God, and no longer to be moved by fear of me, says the Lord, the Lord of armies.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "Your own wickedness shall correct you, and your backsliding shall reprove you. Know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and a bitter, that you have forsaken Yahweh your God, and that my fear is not in you," says the Lord, Yahweh of Armies.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Your own wickedness will bring about your punishment. Your unfaithful acts will bring down discipline on you. Know, then, and realize how utterly harmful it was for you to reject me, the LORD your God, to show no respect for me,” says the Sovereign LORD of Heaven’s Armies.

Referenced Verses

• Isa 3:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.3.9", "source": "הַכָּרַ֤ת פְּנֵיהֶם֙ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֔ם וְחַטָּאתָ֛ם כִּסְדֹ֥ם הִגִּ֖ידוּ לֹ֣א כִחֵ֑דוּ א֣וֹי לְנַפְשָׁ֔ם כִּֽי־גָמְל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם רָעָֽה", "text": "The-*hakkārat* *pənêhem* *ʿānətāh* against-them, and-*ḥaṭṭāʾtām* like-*Sədōm* *higgîdû*, not *kiḥēdû*. *ʾôy* to-*napšām*, for-*gāmələû* to-themselves *rāʿāh*", "grammar": { "*hakkārat*": "definite Hiphil infinitive construct - the expression/look", "*pənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*ʿānətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she has testified/witnessed against", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sin", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*Sədōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*higgîdû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have declared/told openly", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*kiḥēdû*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have concealed/hidden", "*ʾôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*nạpšām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soul", "*gāmələû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have dealt/brought", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to themselves", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster" }, "variants": { "*hakkārat pənêhem*": "the expression of their faces/their countenance", "*ʿānətāh*": "has testified/witnessed against/answered", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "sin/offense/guilt", "*higgîdû*": "they have declared/told openly/announced", "*kiḥēdû*": "they have concealed/hidden/denied", "*ʾôy*": "woe/alas/grief", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/self", "*gāmal*": "dealt/brought/rewarded", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity" } }
• Hos 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Hosea.5.5", "source": "וְעָנָ֥ה גְאֽוֹן־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּפָנָ֑יו וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל וְאֶפְרַ֗יִם יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ֙ בַּעֲוֺנָ֔ם כָּשַׁ֥ל גַּם־יְהוּדָ֖ה עִמָּֽם׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʿānâ* *ḡəʾôn*-*Yiśrāʾēl* in-face-his, *wə*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *wə*-*ʾEp̄rayim* *yikkāšəlû* in-*ʿăwōnām*, *kāšal* also-*Yəhûḏâ* with-them.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿānâ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - testifies/answers", "*ḡəʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - pride of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yikkāšəlû*": "imperfect, niphal, 3rd person masculine plural - they will stumble/fall", "*ʿăwōnām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*kāšal*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has stumbled/fallen", "*Yəhûḏâ*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*ʿānâ*": "testifies/answers/responds/witnesses against", "*ḡəʾôn*": "pride/arrogance/majesty/excellency", "*yikkāšəlû*": "they will stumble/they will fall/they will stagger", "*ʿăwōnām*": "their iniquity/their guilt/their sin", "*kāšal*": "has stumbled/has fallen/has tottered" } }
• Amos 8:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Amos.8.10", "source": "וְהָפַכְתִּ֨י חַגֵּיכֶ֜ם לְאֵ֗בֶל וְכָל־שִֽׁירֵיכֶם֙ לְקִינָ֔ה וְהַעֲלֵיתִ֤י עַל־כָּל־מָתְנַ֙יִם֙ שָׂ֔ק וְעַל־כָּל־רֹ֖אשׁ קָרְחָ֑ה וְשַׂמְתִּ֙יהָ֙ כְּאֵ֣בֶל יָחִ֔יד וְאַחֲרִיתָ֖הּ כְּי֥וֹם מָֽר׃", "text": "And *wəhāpaḵtî* your *ḥaggêḵem* to *ʾēbel* and all your *šîrêḵem* to *qînâ* and *wəhaʿălêtî* upon all *motnayim* *śāq* and upon all *rōʾš* *qorḥâ* and *wəśamtîhā* like *ʾēbel* *yāḥîd* and *ʾaḥărîtāh* like day *mār*", "grammar": { "*wəhāpaḵtî*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 1st singular - and I will turn/change", "*ḥaggêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your festivals", "*lə-*": "preposition - to/into", "*ʾēbel*": "noun, masculine singular - mourning", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ḵol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*šîrêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your songs", "*qînâ*": "noun, feminine singular - lamentation/dirge", "*wəhaʿălêtî*": "hiphil perfect with waw consecutive, 1st singular - and I will bring up/cause to come up", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/over", "*motnayim*": "noun, masculine dual - loins/waist", "*śāq*": "noun, masculine singular - sackcloth", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head", "*qorḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - baldness", "*wəśamtîhā*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 1st singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and I will make it", "*kə-*": "preposition - like/as", "*ʾēbel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mourning of", "*yāḥîd*": "adjective, masculine singular - only/only one", "*ʾaḥărîtāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its end", "*kəyôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like day of", "*mār*": "adjective, masculine singular - bitter" }, "variants": { "*wəhāpaḵtî*": "I will turn/I will change/I will transform", "*ḥaggêḵem*": "your festivals/your feasts/your celebrations", "*ʾēbel*": "mourning/grief", "*šîrêḵem*": "your songs/your singing", "*qînâ*": "lamentation/dirge/funeral song", "*wəhaʿălêtî*": "I will bring up/I will cause to come up", "*motnayim*": "loins/waist/hips", "*śāq*": "sackcloth/coarse cloth (sign of mourning)", "*qorḥâ*": "baldness/baldness (sign of mourning)", "*yāḥîd*": "only/only child/only son", "*ʾaḥărîtāh*": "its end/its aftermath/its conclusion", "*mār*": "bitter/bitterness" } }
• Jer 4:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.18", "source": "דַּרְכֵּךְ֙ וּמַ֣עֲלָלַ֔יִךְ עָשׂ֥וֹ אֵ֖לֶּה לָ֑ךְ זֹ֤את רָעָתֵךְ֙ כִּ֣י מָ֔ר כִּ֥י נָגַ֖ע עַד־לִבֵּֽךְ׃ ס", "text": "Your *darəkēḵ* and your *maʿălālayiḵ* *ʿāśû* *ʾēlleh* to you; *zōʾt* your *rāʿātēḵ* for *mār*, for *nāgaʿ* to your *libbēḵ*", "grammar": { "*darəkēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your way", "*maʿălālayiḵ*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your deeds", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have done/made", "*ʾēlleh*": "common plural demonstrative pronoun - these things", "*zōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*rāʿātēḵ*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your evil", "*mār*": "adjective, masculine singular - bitter", "*nāgaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it has reached/touched", "*libbēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your heart" }, "variants": { "*darəkēḵ*": "your way/path/conduct", "*maʿălālayiḵ*": "your deeds/actions/practices", "*ʿāśû*": "done/made/caused", "*ʾēlleh*": "these things/these", "*zōʾt*": "this/this is", "*rāʿātēḵ*": "your evil/wickedness/calamity", "*mār*": "bitter/painful/grievous", "*nāgaʿ*": "reached/touched/struck", "*libbēḵ*": "your heart/mind/inner self" } }
• Ps 36:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.36.1", "source": "לַמְנַצֵּ֬חַ ׀ לְעֶֽבֶד־יְהוָ֬ה לְדָוִֽד׃", "text": "To the *mənāṣṣēaḥ* to the *ʿebed*-*YHWH* to *dāwīd*", "grammar": { "*mənāṣṣēaḥ*": "definite, masculine, singular - with prefixed preposition לְ (to/for)", "*ʿebed*": "masculine, singular construct - servant of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*dāwīd*": "proper name with prefixed preposition לְ (to/for)" }, "variants": { "*mənāṣṣēaḥ*": "choirmaster/chief musician/director/overseer", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave" } }
• Jer 2:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.17", "source": "הֲלוֹא־זֹ֖את תַּעֲשֶׂה־לָּ֑ךְ עָזְבֵךְ֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהַ֔יִךְ בְּעֵ֖ת מוֹלִיכֵ֥ךְ בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃", "text": "*Hălôʾ*-*zōʾt* *taʿăśeh*-*lāk* *ʿāzəbēk* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhayik* *bə-ʿēt* *môlîkēk* *ba-dārek*", "grammar": { "*Hălôʾ*-*zōʾt*": "interrogative particle + negative particle + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - is not this", "*taʿăśeh*-*lāk*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - it does to you", "*ʿāzəbēk*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your forsaking", "*ʾet*-*YHWH*": "direct object marker + divine name - YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhayik*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your God", "*bə-ʿēt*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in time of", "*môlîkēk*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - his leading you", "*ba-dārek*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the way" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśeh*": "it does/it brings/it causes", "*ʿāzəbēk*": "your forsaking/your abandoning/your leaving", "*ʾĕlōhayik*": "your God", "*ʿēt*": "time/period/season", "*môlîkēk*": "his leading you/his guiding you/his bringing you", "*dārek*": "way/path/road/journey" } }
• Jer 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.6", "source": "עַל־כֵּן֩ הִכָּ֨ם אַרְיֵ֜ה מִיַּ֗עַר זְאֵ֤ב עֲרָבוֹת֙ יְשָׁדְדֵ֔ם נָמֵ֤ר שֹׁקֵד֙ עַל־עָ֣רֵיהֶ֔ם כָּל־הַיּוֹצֵ֥א מֵהֵ֖נָּה יִטָּרֵ֑ף כִּ֤י רַבּוּ֙ פִּשְׁעֵיהֶ֔ם עָצְמ֖וּ מְשׁוּבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Upon-thus *hikkām* *'aryēh* from *ya'ar*, *zə'ēb* *'ărābôt* *yəšāddēm*, *nāmēr* *šōqēd* upon-their *'ārêhem*; all-*hayyôṣē'* from them *yiṭṭārēp*; because they *rabbû* their *piš'êhem*, they *'āṣəmû* their *məšûbôtêhem*.", "grammar": { "*'al*": "preposition - upon/on/because of", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*hikkām*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix, hiphil - he struck them", "*'aryēh*": "noun, masculine singular - lion", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*ya'ar*": "noun, masculine singular - forest", "*zə'ēb*": "noun, masculine singular - wolf", "*'ărābôt*": "noun, feminine plural - plains/deserts/steppes", "*yəšāddēm*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix, piel - he will ravage them", "*nāmēr*": "noun, masculine singular - leopard", "*šōqēd*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - watching/lying in wait", "*'al*": "preposition - upon/against", "*'ārêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cities", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all/every", "*hayyôṣē'*": "article + participle, masculine singular, qal - the one going out", "*mēhēnnâ*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural suffix - from them", "*yiṭṭārēp*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - he will be torn to pieces", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*rabbû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they are many/increased", "*piš'êhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their transgressions", "*'āṣəmû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they were numerous/mighty", "*məšûbôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their apostasies/backslidings" }, "variants": { "*hikkām*": "struck them/attacked them", "*'aryēh*": "lion", "*zə'ēb*": "wolf", "*'ărābôt*": "plains/deserts/steppes/wilderness", "*yəšāddēm*": "ravages them/destroys them/plunders them", "*nāmēr*": "leopard/panther", "*šōqēd*": "watching/lying in wait/being vigilant", "*yiṭṭārēp*": "will be torn to pieces/mauled", "*rabbû*": "are many/have increased/multiplied", "*piš'êhem*": "their transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*'āṣəmû*": "are numerous/mighty/strong", "*məšûbôtêhem*": "their apostasies/backslidings/rebellions" } }
• Hos 11:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Hosea.11.7", "source": "וְעַמִּ֥י תְלוּאִ֖ים לִמְשֽׁוּבָתִ֑י וְאֶל־עַל֙ יִקְרָאֻ֔הוּ יַ֖חַד לֹ֥א יְרוֹמֵם׃", "text": "And-*ʿammî* *təlûʾîm* to-*məšûbātî* and-to *ʿal* they-*yiqrāʾuhû* *yaḥad* not *yərômēm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*təlûʾîm*": "verb, qal passive participle masculine plural - hanging/bent/inclined", "*lə-*": "preposition prefix - to", "*məšûbātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my turning away/backsliding", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*ʾel-*": "preposition - to/unto", "*ʿal*": "proper noun/preposition - Most High/upward", "*yiqrāʾuhû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they call him", "*yaḥad*": "adverb - together/alike/all", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yərômēm*": "verb, polel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he exalts/raises" }, "variants": { "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*təlûʾîm*": "hanging/bent/inclined/determined", "*məšûbātî*": "my backsliding/turning away/apostasy", "*ʿal*": "Most High/upward/yoke (possible readings)", "*yiqrāʾuhû*": "they call him/summon him/proclaim him", "*yaḥad*": "together/altogether/as one", "*yərômēm*": "he exalts/raises/lifts up" } }
• Hos 14:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.14.1", "source": "תֶּאְשַׁם֙ שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן כִּ֥י מָרְתָ֖ה בֵּֽאלֹהֶ֑יהָ בַּחֶ֣רֶב יִפֹּ֔לוּ עֹלְלֵיהֶ֣ם יְרֻטָּ֔שׁוּ וְהָרִיּוֹתָ֖יו יְבֻקָּֽעוּ׃ פ", "text": "*teʾšam* *šōmrôn* *kî* *mārtâ* *bēʾlōhêhā* *baḥereḇ* *yippōlû* *ʿōlĕlêhem* *yĕruṭṭāšû* *wĕhāriyyôtāyw* *yĕbuqqāʿû*", "grammar": { "*teʾšam*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - shall become guilty/desolate", "*šōmrôn*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Samaria (capital city)", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*mārtâ*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - she has rebelled/been rebellious", "*bēʾlōhêhā*": "preposition + noun + suffix - against her God", "*baḥereḇ*": "preposition + noun - by the sword", "*yippōlû*": "qal imperfect 3rd plural - they shall fall", "*ʿōlĕlêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct + suffix - their little ones/infants", "*yĕruṭṭāšû*": "pual imperfect 3rd plural - they shall be dashed in pieces", "*wĕhāriyyôtāyw*": "conjunction + noun feminine plural construct + suffix - and his pregnant women", "*yĕbuqqāʿû*": "pual imperfect 3rd plural - they shall be ripped up" }, "variants": { "*teʾšam*": "be guilty/become desolate/bear punishment", "*mārtâ*": "rebelled/been bitter/disobeyed", "*yĕruṭṭāšû*": "dashed in pieces/smashed/destroyed", "*yĕbuqqāʿû*": "ripped open/split/cut open" } }
• Zech 7:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Zechariah.7.11", "source": "וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ כָתֵ֖ף סֹרָ֑רֶת וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃", "text": "And *wa-yəmāʾănû* to *ləhaqšîḇ* and *wa-yittənû* *kāṯēp̄* *sōrāreṯ*, and *ʾāzənêhem hiḵbîḏû* from *miššəmôaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yəmāʾănû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and they refused", "*ləhaqšîḇ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to pay attention/listen", "*wa-yittənû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and they gave/turned", "*kāṯēp̄*": "noun, feminine singular - shoulder", "*sōrāreṯ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - rebellious/stubborn", "*ʾāzənêhem*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their ears", "*hiḵbîḏû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they made heavy/hardened", "*miššəmôaʿ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from hearing" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəmāʾănû*": "and they refused/and they were unwilling", "*ləhaqšîḇ*": "to pay attention/to listen/to hearken", "*kāṯēp̄ sōrāreṯ*": "stubborn shoulder/rebellious shoulder (idiom for turning away)", "*hiḵbîḏû*": "they made heavy/they hardened/they made dull", "*miššəmôaʿ*": "from hearing/from listening/from obeying" } }
• Rom 3:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Romans.3.18", "source": "Οὐκ ἔστιν φόβος Θεοῦ ἀπέναντι τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτῶν.", "text": "*Ouk estin phobos Theou apenanti tōn ophthalmōn autōn*.", "grammar": { "*Ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*estin*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - is/exists", "*phobos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - fear", "*Theou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*apenanti*": "preposition + genitive - before/in front of", "*tōn ophthalmōn*": "article + noun, genitive, masculine, plural - the eyes", "*autōn*": "pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of them" }, "variants": { "*phobos*": "fear/reverence/awe", "*apenanti*": "before/in front of/in the presence of/before the face of" } }
• Jer 5:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.22", "source": "הַאוֹתִ֨י לֹא־תִירָ֜אוּ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֗ה אִ֤ם מִפָּנַי֙ לֹ֣א תָחִ֔ילוּ אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֤מְתִּי חוֹל֙ גְּב֣וּל לַיָּ֔ם חָק־עוֹלָ֖ם וְלֹ֣א יַעַבְרֶ֑נְהוּ וַיִּֽתְגָּעֲשׁוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יוּכָ֔לוּ וְהָמ֥וּ גַלָּ֖יו וְלֹ֥א יַעַבְרֻֽנְהוּ׃", "text": "?*Ha'ôtî* not-you will *tîrā'û* *nə'um*-*YHWH*, if from my *pānay* not you will *tāḥîlû*? I who-*śamtî* *ḥôl* *gəbûl* to the *yām*, *ḥoq*-*'ôlām* and not it will *ya'abrenhu*; and they *wayyitgā'ăšû* and not they *yûkālû*, and they *hāmû* his *gallāyw* and not they *ya'abrunnəhû*.", "grammar": { "*ha*": "interrogative prefix - ?", "*'ôtî*": "direct object marker + 1st singular suffix - me", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*tîrā'û*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will fear", "*nə'um*": "construct noun - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*'im*": "conditional particle - if", "*mippānay*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - from my face/presence", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*tāḥîlû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will tremble", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*śamtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I placed", "*ḥôl*": "noun, masculine singular - sand", "*gəbûl*": "noun, masculine singular - boundary/border/limit", "*la*": "preposition + article - to the", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*ḥoq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - statute/decree of", "*'ôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*ya'abrenhu*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - it will pass over it", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yitgā'ăšû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hithpael - they toss themselves", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yûkālû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they are able", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hāmû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they roar", "*gallāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its waves", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*ya'abrunnəhû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they will pass over it" }, "variants": { "*tîrā'û*": "you will fear/revere/be afraid of", "*tāḥîlû*": "you will tremble/writhe/be in anguish", "*ḥôl*": "sand/grain", "*gəbûl*": "boundary/border/limit", "*ḥoq-'ôlām*": "eternal decree/everlasting statute", "*yitgā'ăšû*": "toss themselves/rage/roar", "*hāmû*": "roar/make noise/be tumultuous", "*ya'abrunnəhû*": "pass over it/transgress it/cross it" } }
• Jer 8:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.8.5", "source": "מַדּ֨וּעַ שׁוֹבְבָ֜ה הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֛ה יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם מְשֻׁבָ֣ה נִצַּ֑חַת הֶחֱזִ֙יקוּ֙ בַּתַּרְמִ֔ית מֵאֲנ֖וּ לָשֽׁוּב׃", "text": "*Maddûaʿ* *šôbᵊbāh* the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* *yᵊrûšālaim* *mᵊšubāh* *niṣṣaḥat*? They *heḥĕzîqû* in-the-*tarmît*, they *mēʾănû* to-*šûb*.", "grammar": { "*Maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*šôbᵊbāh*": "polal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - turned away/backslidden", "*ʿām*": "noun with definite article - the people", "*zeh*": "masculine demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this", "*yᵊrûšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*mᵊšubāh*": "noun feminine singular - backsliding/apostasy", "*niṣṣaḥat*": "niphal participle feminine singular - perpetual/enduring", "*heḥĕzîqû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they have held fast/seized", "*tarmît*": "noun with definite article - deceit/treachery", "*mēʾănû*": "piel perfect 3rd person plural - they have refused", "*šûb*": "qal infinitive construct - to return/repent" }, "variants": { "*Maddûaʿ*": "why/for what reason", "*šôbᵊbāh*": "turned away/backslidden/rebellious", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk", "*mᵊšubāh*": "backsliding/apostasy/turning away", "*niṣṣaḥat*": "perpetual/enduring/everlasting", "*heḥĕzîqû*": "held fast/seized/strengthened", "*tarmît*": "deceit/treachery/fraud", "*mēʾănû*": "refused/rejected/declined" } }
• Jer 36:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.36.23", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כִּקְר֣וֹא יְהוּדִ֗י שָׁלֹ֣שׁ דְּלָתוֹת֮ וְאַרְבָּעָה֒ יִֽקְרָעֶ֙הָ֙ בְּתַ֣עַר הַסֹּפֵ֔ר וְהַשְׁלֵ֕ךְ אֶל־הָאֵ֖שׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶל־הָאָ֑ח עַד־תֹּם֙ כָּל־הַמְּגִלָּ֔ה עַל־הָאֵ֖שׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽח׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* when-*qiyrōʾ* *Yəhûdî* three *dəlātôṯ* and-four, *yiqrāʿehā* with-*taʿar* the-*sōpēr* and-*hašlēk* to-the-*ʾēš* which was-on-the-*ʾāḥ*, until *tōm* all-the-*məgillāh* upon-the-*ʾēš* which was-on-the-*ʾāḥ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of היה - and it happened", "*qiyrōʾ*": "Qal infinitive construct + prefix כ - when reading", "*dəlātôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - columns/pages/doors", "*yiqrāʿehā*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - he tore it", "*taʿar*": "masculine singular noun - knife/razor", "*hašlēk*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - casting/throwing", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*tōm*": "infinitive construct of תמם - being consumed/finished" }, "variants": { "*dəlātôṯ*": "columns/pages/doors/leaves", "*taʿar*": "knife/razor/penknife", "*hašlēk*": "casting/throwing/flinging", "*tōm*": "being consumed/finished/completed" } } 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.36.24", "source": "וְלֹ֣א פָחֲד֔וּ וְלֹ֥א קָרְע֖וּ אֶת־בִּגְדֵיהֶ֑ם הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְכָל־עֲבָדָ֔יו הַשֹּׁ֣מְעִ֔ים אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "And-not they-*pāḥădû* and-not they-*qārəʿû* *ʾet*-their-*biḡdêhem* the-*melek* and-all-his-*ʿăḇādāyw* the-*šōməʿîm* *ʾēt* all-the-*dəbārîm* these", "grammar": { "*pāḥădû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they feared", "*qārəʿû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they tore", "*biḡdêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their garments", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*šōməʿîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - hearing/listening" }, "variants": { "*pāḥădû*": "feared/were afraid/trembled", "*qārəʿû*": "tore/rent/ripped", "*biḡdêhem*": "their garments/their clothes", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "his servants/his officials/his attendants", "*šōməʿîm*": "hearing/listening to/heeding" } }
• Hos 4:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.16", "source": "כִּ֚י כְּפָרָ֣ה סֹֽרֵרָ֔ה סָרַ֖ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַתָּה֙ יִרְעֵ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה כְּכֶ֖בֶשׂ בַּמֶּרְחָֽב׃", "text": "*kî* *kə-pārâ* *sōrērâ* *sārar* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿattâ* *yirʿēm* *YHWH* *kə-kebeś* *ba-mmerḥāb*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kə-pārâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like a heifer/cow", "*sōrērâ*": "participle, feminine singular, qal - stubborn/rebellious", "*sārar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has been stubborn/rebellious", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*yirʿēm*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will feed/pasture them", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*kə-kebeś*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like a lamb", "*ba-mmerḥāb*": "preposition + noun with definite article, masculine singular - in the broad/wide place" }, "variants": { "*pārâ*": "heifer/cow", "*sārar*": "be stubborn/rebellious/defiant", "*rāʿâ*": "feed/pasture/tend/shepherd", "*kebeś*": "lamb/sheep", "*merḥāb*": "broad/wide place/open space" } }
• Jer 3:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י בִּימֵי֙ יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הֲ‍ֽרָאִ֔יתָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשְׂתָ֖ה מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הֹלְכָ֨ה הִ֜יא עַל־כָּל־הַ֣ר גָּבֹ֗הַּ וְאֶל־תַּ֛חַת כָּל־עֵ֥ץ רַעֲנָ֖ן וַתִּזְנִי־שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me in-days *yōʾšiyyāhû* the-*meleḵ*: \"*hᵃrāʾîtā* which *ʿāśᵉtâ* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*? *hōlᵉḵâ* she upon-every-*har* *gāḇōha* and-to-under every-*ʿēṣ* *raʿănān* *wattizᵉnî*-there.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - 'and he said'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper name - 'Josiah'", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'", "*hᵃrāʾîtā*": "interrogative particle + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'have you seen?'", "*ʿāśᵉtâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she did/has done'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*hōlᵉḵâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'going/walking'", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular - 'mountain/hill'", "*gāḇōha*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'high/lofty'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'tree'", "*raʿănān*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'leafy/luxuriant/green'", "*wattizᵉnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "Josiah", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*hᵃrāʾîtā*": "have you seen/observed/noticed", "*ʿāśᵉtâ*": "she did/has done/committed", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*hōlᵉḵâ*": "going/walking/proceeding", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*gāḇōha*": "high/lofty/tall", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*raʿănān*": "leafy/luxuriant/green/verdant", "*wattizᵉnî*": "and you played the harlot/prostituted yourself" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.7", "source": "וָאֹמַ֗ר אַחֲרֵ֨י עֲשׂוֹתָ֧הּ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֛לֶּה אֵלַ֥י תָּשׁ֖וּב וְלֹא־שָׁ֑בָה *ותראה **וַתֵּ֛רֶא בָּגוֹדָ֥ה אֲחוֹתָ֖הּ יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "*wāʾōmar* after *ʿăśôtâh* *ʾet*-all-these, to-me *tāšûḇ*, but-not-*šāḇâ*. *wattēreʾ* *bāgôdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh* *yᵉhûdâ*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I said'", "*ʿăśôtâh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her doing'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tāšûḇ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she will return'", "*šāḇâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she returned'", "*wattēreʾ*": "Kethib/Qere: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she saw'", "*bāgôdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/spoke/thought", "*ʿăśôtâh*": "her doing/committing/performing", "*tāšûḇ*": "she will return/come back/repent", "*šāḇâ*": "she returned/came back/repented", "*wattēreʾ*": "and she saw/observed/noticed", "*bāgôdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah" } } 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.8", "source": "וָאֵ֗רֶא כִּ֤י עַל־כָּל־אֹדוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִֽאֲפָה֙ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁלַּחְתִּ֕יהָ וָאֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־סֵ֥פֶר כְּרִיתֻתֶ֖יהָ אֵלֶ֑יהָ וְלֹ֨א יָֽרְאָ֜ה בֹּֽגֵדָ֤ה יְהוּדָה֙ אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ וַתִּ֥זֶן גַּם־הִֽיא׃", "text": "*wāʾēreʾ* that for-all-*ʾōdôt* which *niʾăp̄â* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*, *šillaḥtîhā* *wāʾettēn* *ʾet*-*sēp̄er* *kᵉrîtutehā* to-her; and-not *yārᵉʾâ* *bōgēdâ* *yᵉhûdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh*, *wattēleḵ* *wattizen* also-she.", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I saw'", "*ʾōdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'causes/reasons'", "*niʾăp̄â*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she committed adultery'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'I sent her away'", "*wāʾettēn*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I gave'", "*sēp̄er*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'document/scroll'", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her divorce'", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she feared/was afraid'", "*bōgēdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*wattēleḵ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she went'", "*wattizen*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "and I saw/observed/noticed", "*ʾōdôt*": "causes/reasons/occasions", "*niʾăp̄â*": "she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "I sent her away/dismissed her/divorced her", "*wāʾettēn*": "and I gave/provided/handed over", "*sēp̄er*": "document/scroll/certificate", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "her divorce/separation/cutting off", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "she feared/was afraid/was in awe", "*bōgēdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*wattēleḵ*": "and she went/proceeded", "*wattizen*": "and she played the harlot/prostituted herself" } }
• Jer 3:11-14 : 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י צִדְּקָ֥ה נַפְשָׁ֖הּ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מִבֹּגֵדָ֖ה יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me: \"*ṣidᵉqâ* *nap̄šâh* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl* from-*bōgēdâ* *yᵉhûdâ*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - 'and he said'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ṣidᵉqâ*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she justified/vindicated'", "*nap̄šâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her soul'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*bōgēdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke", "*ṣidᵉqâ*": "she justified/vindicated/proved right", "*nap̄šâh*": "her soul/self/life", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*bōgēdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah" } } 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.12", "source": "הָלֹ֡ךְ וְקֽ͏ָרָאתָ֩ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֨ים הָאֵ֜לֶּה צָפ֗וֹנָה וְ֠אָמַרְתָּ שׁ֣וּבָה מְשֻׁבָ֤ה יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה לֽוֹא־אַפִּ֥יל פָּנַ֖י בָּכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־חָסִ֤יד אֲנִי֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה לֹ֥א אֶטּ֖וֹר לְעוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*hālōḵ* *wᵉqārāʾtā* *ʾet*-the-*dᵉḇārîm* these *ṣāp̄ônâ* *wᵉʾāmartā*: \"*šûḇâ* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl* *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*; not-*ʾappîl* *pānay* against-you, for-*ḥāsîd* I *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*, not *ʾeṭṭôr* *lᵉʿôlām*.\"", "grammar": { "*hālōḵ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - 'go/going'", "*wᵉqārāʾtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'and you shall proclaim'", "*dᵉḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - 'the words'", "*ṣāp̄ônâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional heh - 'northward'", "*wᵉʾāmartā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'and you shall say'", "*šûḇâ*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - 'return'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state - 'utterance/declaration'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾappîl*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - 'I will cause to fall'", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'my face'", "*ḥāsîd*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'faithful/kind'", "*ʾeṭṭôr*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - 'I will keep anger'", "*lᵉʿôlām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - 'forever/eternally'" }, "variants": { "*hālōḵ*": "go/going/proceed", "*wᵉqārāʾtā*": "and you shall proclaim/call out/announce", "*dᵉḇārîm*": "words/matters/things", "*ṣāp̄ônâ*": "northward/toward the north", "*wᵉʾāmartā*": "and you shall say/speak/tell", "*šûḇâ*": "return/come back/repent", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*nᵉʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle", "*ʾappîl*": "I will cause to fall/bring down/make fall", "*pānay*": "my face/countenance/presence", "*ḥāsîd*": "faithful/kind/loyal/merciful", "*ʾeṭṭôr*": "I will keep anger/bear grudge/remain angry", "*lᵉʿôlām*": "forever/eternally/perpetually" } } 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.13", "source": "אַ֚ךְ דְּעִ֣י עֲוֺנֵ֔ךְ כִּ֛י בַּיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהַ֖יִךְ פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ וַתְּפַזְּרִ֨י אֶת־דְּרָכַ֜יִךְ לַזָּרִ֗ים תַּ֚חַת כָּל־עֵ֣ץ רַעֲנָ֔ן וּבְקוֹלִ֥י לֹא־שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה׃", "text": "Only *dᵉʿî* *ʿăwōnēḵ* that against-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhayiḵ* *pāšāʿat*, *wattᵉp̄azzᵉrî* *ʾet*-*dᵉrāḵayiḵ* to-the-*zārîm* under every-*ʿēṣ* *raʿănān*, and-to-*qôlî* not-*šᵉmaʿtem* *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*dᵉʿî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - 'know/acknowledge'", "*ʿăwōnēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your iniquity'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾĕlōhayiḵ*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*pāšāʿat*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - 'you rebelled/transgressed'", "*wattᵉp̄azzᵉrî*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and you scattered'", "*dᵉrāḵayiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your ways'", "*zārîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural with definite article - 'the strangers/foreigners'", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'tree'", "*raʿănān*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'leafy/luxuriant/green'", "*qôlî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'my voice'", "*šᵉmaʿtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you heard/listened'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state - 'utterance/declaration'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*dᵉʿî*": "know/acknowledge/recognize", "*ʿăwōnēḵ*": "your iniquity/guilt/sin", "*ʾĕlōhayiḵ*": "your God", "*pāšāʿat*": "you rebelled/transgressed/committed offense", "*wattᵉp̄azzᵉrî*": "and you scattered/distributed/dispersed", "*dᵉrāḵayiḵ*": "your ways/paths/journeys", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/aliens", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*raʿănān*": "leafy/luxuriant/green/verdant", "*qôlî*": "my voice/sound", "*šᵉmaʿtem*": "you heard/listened/obeyed" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.14", "source": "שׁ֣וּבוּ בָנִ֤ים שׁוֹבָבִים֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י אָנֹכִ֖י בָּעַ֣לְתִּי בָכֶ֑ם וְלָקַחְתִּ֨י אֶתְכֶ֜ם אֶחָ֣ד מֵעִ֗יר וּשְׁנַ֙יִם֙ מִמִּשְׁפָּחָ֔ה וְהֵבֵאתִ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם צִיּֽוֹן׃", "text": "*šûḇû* *ḇānîm* *šôḇāḇîm* *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*, for-I *bāʿaltî* among-you, *wᵉlāqaḥtî* you, one from-*ʿîr* and-two from-*mišpāḥâ*, *wᵉhēḇēʾtî* you *ṣiyyôn*.", "grammar": { "*šûḇû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - 'return'", "*ḇānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'sons/children'", "*šôḇāḇîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'backsliding/turning away'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state - 'utterance/declaration'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*bāʿaltî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - 'I married/ruled over'", "*wᵉlāqaḥtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - 'and I will take'", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - 'city'", "*mišpāḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'family/clan'", "*wᵉhēḇēʾtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - 'and I will bring'", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper name - 'Zion'" }, "variants": { "*šûḇû*": "return/come back/repent", "*ḇānîm*": "sons/children/descendants", "*šôḇāḇîm*": "backsliding/rebellious/wayward", "*nᵉʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle", "*bāʿaltî*": "I married/owned/ruled over", "*wᵉlāqaḥtî*": "and I will take/get/receive", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*mišpāḥâ*": "family/clan/tribe", "*wᵉhēḇēʾtî*": "and I will bring/lead/cause to come", "*ṣiyyôn*": "Zion" } }
• Jer 3:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.22", "source": "שׁ֚וּבוּ בָּנִ֣ים שׁוֹבָבִ֔ים אֶרְפָּ֖ה מְשׁוּבֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם הִנְנוּ֙ אָתָ֣נוּ לָ֔ךְ כִּ֥י אַתָּ֖ה יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "*šûḇû* *bānîm* *šôḇāḇîm*, *ʾerpâ* *mᵉšûḇōtêḵem*. \"*hinᵉnû* *ʾātānû* to-you, for you *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû*.\"", "grammar": { "*šûḇû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - 'return'", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'sons/children'", "*šôḇāḇîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'backsliding'", "*ʾerpâ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular with paragogic heh - 'I will heal'", "*mᵉšûḇōtêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - 'your backslidings'", "*hinᵉnû*": "particle with 1st person plural suffix - 'behold us/here we are'", "*ʾātānû*": "Qal perfect 1st person plural - 'we come'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'" }, "variants": { "*šûḇû*": "return/come back/repent", "*bānîm*": "sons/children/descendants", "*šôḇāḇîm*": "backsliding/rebellious/wayward", "*ʾerpâ*": "I will heal/cure/restore", "*mᵉšûḇōtêḵem*": "your backslidings/apostasies/rebellions", "*hinᵉnû*": "behold us/here we are", "*ʾātānû*": "we come/are coming", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God" } }
• Prov 1:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Proverbs.1.31", "source": "וְֽ֭יֹאכְלוּ מִפְּרִ֣י דַרְכָּ֑ם וּֽמִמֹּעֲצֹ֖תֵיהֶ֣ם יִשְׂבָּֽעוּ׃", "text": "*wəyoklu* *mippəri* *darkam* *umimmo'atsoteihem* *yisba'u*", "grammar": { "*wəyoklu*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will eat", "*mippəri*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from fruit of", "*darkam*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their way", "*umimmo'atsoteihem*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and from their counsels", "*yisba'u*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be filled" }, "variants": { "*yoklu*": "they will eat/they will consume/they will devour", "*pəri*": "fruit/result/outcome", "*darkam*": "their way/their path/their course", "*mo'atsoteihem*": "their counsels/their plans/their devices", "*yisba'u*": "they will be filled/they will be satisfied/they will have enough" } }
• Prov 5:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Proverbs.5.22", "source": "עַֽווֹנוֹתָ֗יו יִלְכְּדֻנ֥וֹ אֶת־הָרָשָׁ֑ע וּבְחַבְלֵ֥י חַ֝טָּאת֗וֹ יִתָּמֵֽךְ", "text": "His-*ʿăwōnôt* *yilkĕdûnô* *ʾet*-the-*rāšāʿ* and-in-*ḥablê* his-*ḥaṭṭāʾt* *yittāmēk*", "grammar": { "*ʿăwōnôt*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his iniquities", "*yilkĕdûnô*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they will capture him", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked person", "*ḥablê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - cords/ropes of", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sin", "*yittāmēk*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will be held/seized" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōnôt*": "iniquities/guilt/punishment", "*yilkĕdûnô*": "capture him/trap him/seize him", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/criminal/guilty one", "*ḥablê*": "cords/ropes/bonds/snares", "*ḥaṭṭāʾt*": "sin/offense/punishment/purification", "*yittāmēk*": "be held/be seized/be supported/be sustained" } }
• Isa 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.5", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ אוֹדִֽיעָה־נָּ֣א אֶתְכֶ֔ם אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י עֹשֶׂ֖ה לְכַרְמִ֑י הָסֵ֤ר מְשׂוּכָּתוֹ֙ וְהָיָ֣ה לְבָעֵ֔ר פָּרֹ֥ץ גְּדֵר֖וֹ וְהָיָ֥ה לְמִרְמָֽס׃", "text": "And *wə*-now I will *ʾôdîʿâ-nāʾ* you *ʾet* what *ʾăšer*-I am *ʿōśeh* to my *karmî*: *hāsēr* its *məśûkkātô* and it shall *wəhāyâ* for *ləbāʿēr*, *pārōṣ* its *gədērô* and it shall *wəhāyâ* for *ləmirmās*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾôdîʿâ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will make known", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle masculine singular - doing/going to do", "*karmî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my vineyard", "*hāsēr*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - removing", "*məśûkkātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its hedge", "*wəhāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and it will be", "*ləbāʿēr*": "preposition with piel infinitive construct - for burning/consuming", "*pārōṣ*": "qal infinitive absolute - breaking down", "*gədērô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its wall", "*ləmirmās*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - for trampling" }, "variants": { "*məśûkkātô*": "hedge/fence/protection", "*ləbāʿēr*": "burning/consuming/destruction", "*gədērô*": "wall/fence/boundary", "*ləmirmās*": "trampling/treading place" } }
• Isa 50:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.50.1", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֣י זֶ֠ה סֵ֣פֶר כְּרִית֤וּת אִמְּכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שִׁלַּחְתִּ֔יהָ א֚וֹ מִ֣י מִנּוֹשַׁ֔י אֲשֶׁר־מָכַ֥רְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֖ם ל֑וֹ הֵ֤ן בַּעֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ נִמְכַּרְתֶּ֔ם וּבְפִשְׁעֵיכֶ֖ם שֻׁלְּחָ֥ה אִמְּכֶֽם׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, Where [is] this *sēper* *kərîtût* [of] *ʾimməkem* which *šillaḥtîhā* or who from *nôšay* to whom *māḵartî* *ʾeṯḵem* to him? *hēn* in *ʿăwōnōṯêḵem* *nimkarttem* and in *pišʿêḵem* *šulləḥâ* *ʾimməḵem*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*sēper*": "noun, masculine singular construct - document/scroll/book", "*kərîtût*": "noun, feminine singular - divorce/cutting off", "*ʾimməkem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person plural suffix - your mother", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "perfect, 1st singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I sent her away", "*nôšay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix - my creditors", "*māḵartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I sold", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - behold/indeed", "*ʿăwōnōṯêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your iniquities", "*nimkarttem*": "niphal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you were sold", "*pišʿêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your transgressions", "*šulləḥâ*": "pual perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she was sent away", "*ʾimməḵem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your mother" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*sēper*": "document/scroll/certificate/book", "*kərîtût*": "divorce/cutting off/separation", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "I sent her away/I divorced her", "*nôšay*": "my creditors/my lenders", "*māḵartî*": "I sold/I handed over", "*hēn*": "behold/look/indeed", "*ʿăwōnōṯêḵem*": "your iniquities/your sins/your wrongdoings", "*nimkarttem*": "you were sold/you have been sold", "*pišʿêḵem*": "your transgressions/your rebellions/your offenses", "*šulləḥâ*": "she was sent away/she was dismissed/she was divorced" } }
• Job 20:11-16 : 11 { "verseID": "Job.20.11", "source": "עַ֭צְמוֹתָיו מָלְא֣וּ *עלומו **עֲלוּמָ֑יו וְ֝עִמּ֗וֹ עַל־עָפָ֥ר תִּשְׁכָּֽב׃", "text": "*ʿaṣmôtāyw* *mālʾû* *ʿălûmāyw* *wĕ-* *ʿimmô* *ʿal-* *ʿāpār* *tiškāb*", "grammar": { "*ʿaṣmôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bones", "*mālʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are full", "*ʿălûmāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his youthful vigor", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿimmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*ʿal-*": "preposition - upon", "*ʿāpār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust", "*tiškāb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will lie down" }, "variants": { "*ʿaṣmôtāyw*": "his bones/his frame/his skeleton", "*mālʾû*": "are full of/are filled with/are stuffed with", "*ʿălûmāyw*": "his youthful vigor/his youth/his secret sins", "*ʿāpār*": "dust/dirt/soil/earth", "*tiškāb*": "will lie down/will rest/will recline" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.20.12", "source": "אִם־תַּמְתִּ֣יק בְּפִ֣יו רָעָ֑ה יַ֝כְחִידֶ֗נָּה תַּ֣חַת לְשׁוֹנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ʾim-* *tamtîq* *bĕ-* *pîw* *rāʿāh* *yakḥîdennāh* *taḥat* *lĕšônô*", "grammar": { "*ʾim-*": "conjunction - if", "*tamtîq*": "hifil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it is sweet", "*bĕ-*": "preposition - in", "*pîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mouth", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil", "*yakḥîdennāh*": "hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - he hides it", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under", "*lĕšônô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his tongue" }, "variants": { "*tamtîq*": "is sweet/tastes good/is pleasant", "*pîw*": "his mouth/his speech", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/wickedness/wrong", "*yakḥîdennāh*": "he hides it/he conceals it/he keeps it secret", "*lĕšônô*": "his tongue/his language" } } 13 { "verseID": "Job.20.13", "source": "יַחְמֹ֣ל עָ֭לֶיהָ וְלֹ֣א יַֽעַזְבֶ֑נָּה וְ֝יִמְנָעֶ֗נָּה בְּת֣וֹךְ חִכּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*yaḥmōl* *ʿāleyhā* *wĕ-* *lōʾ* *yaʿazbennāh* *wĕ-* *yimnāʿennāh* *bĕ-* *tôk* *ḥikkô*", "grammar": { "*yaḥmōl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he spares/pities", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - upon it", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaʿazbennāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - he forsakes it", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*yimnāʿennāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - he withholds it", "*bĕ-*": "preposition - in", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst", "*ḥikkô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his palate" }, "variants": { "*yaḥmōl*": "spares/pities/has compassion on", "*yaʿazbennāh*": "forsakes it/abandons it/lets it go", "*yimnāʿennāh*": "withholds it/restrains it/keeps it", "*tôk*": "midst/middle/inside", "*ḥikkô*": "his palate/his mouth/his taste" } } 14 { "verseID": "Job.20.14", "source": "לַ֭חְמוֹ בְּמֵעָ֣יו נֶהְפָּ֑ךְ מְרוֹרַ֖ת פְּתָנִ֣ים בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*laḥmô* *bĕ-* *mēʿāyw* *nehpāk* *mĕrôrat* *pĕtānîm* *bĕ-* *qirbô*", "grammar": { "*laḥmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bread/food", "*bĕ-*": "preposition - in", "*mēʿāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his intestines/bowels", "*nehpāk*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is turned/changed", "*mĕrôrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - bitterness/poison", "*pĕtānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - cobras/asps", "*bĕ-*": "preposition - in", "*qirbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his inward part/midst" }, "variants": { "*laḥmô*": "his bread/his food/his nourishment", "*mēʿāyw*": "his intestines/his bowels/his stomach", "*nehpāk*": "is turned/is changed/is transformed", "*mĕrôrat*": "bitterness/poison/venom", "*pĕtānîm*": "cobras/asps/vipers", "*qirbô*": "his inward part/his midst/within him" } } 15 { "verseID": "Job.20.15", "source": "חַ֣יִל בָּ֭לַע וַיְקִאֶ֑נּוּ מִ֝בִּטְנ֗וֹ יוֹרִשֶׁ֥נּוּ אֵֽל׃", "text": "*ḥayil* *bālaʿ* *wa-* *yĕqîʾennû* *mi-* *biṭnô* *yôrîšennû* *ʾēl*", "grammar": { "*ḥayil*": "noun, masculine singular - wealth/strength", "*bālaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he swallowed", "*wa-*": "conjunction - and", "*yĕqîʾennû*": "hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he vomits it", "*mi-*": "preposition - from", "*biṭnô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his belly/stomach", "*yôrîšennû*": "hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he drives it out", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God" }, "variants": { "*ḥayil*": "wealth/strength/riches/property", "*bālaʿ*": "swallowed/devoured/consumed", "*yĕqîʾennû*": "vomits it/spits it out/expels it", "*biṭnô*": "his belly/his stomach/his womb", "*yôrîšennû*": "drives it out/expels it/dispossesses it", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/the Mighty One" } } 16 { "verseID": "Job.20.16", "source": "רֹאשׁ־פְּתָנִ֥ים יִינָ֑ק תַּֽ֝הַרְגֵ֗הוּ לְשׁ֣וֹן אֶפְעֶֽה׃", "text": "*rōʾš-* *pĕtānîm* *yînāq* *tahargēhû* *lĕšôn* *ʾepʿeh*", "grammar": { "*rōʾš-*": "noun, masculine singular construct - venom/poison", "*pĕtānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - cobras/asps", "*yînāq*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he sucks", "*tahargēhû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it kills him", "*lĕšôn*": "noun, feminine singular construct - tongue", "*ʾepʿeh*": "noun, masculine singular - viper" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš-*": "venom/poison/head", "*pĕtānîm*": "cobras/asps/vipers", "*yînāq*": "sucks/draws in/nurses", "*tahargēhû*": "kills him/slays him/murders him", "*lĕšôn*": "tongue/language", "*ʾepʿeh*": "viper/snake/adder" } }