Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Luke.18.2", "source": "Λέγων, Κριτής τις ἦν ἔν τινι πόλει, τὸν Θεὸν μὴ φοβούμενος, καὶ ἄνθρωπον μὴ ἐντρεπόμενος:", "text": "*Legōn*, *Kritēs* certain *ēn* in certain *polei*, the *Theon* not *phoboumenos*, and *anthrōpon* not *entrepomenos*:", "grammar": { "*Legōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying", "*Kritēs*": "nominative masculine singular - judge", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was [continuous]", "*polei*": "dative feminine singular - city", "*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular - God", "*phoboumenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative masculine singular - fearing", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative masculine singular - man/person/human", "*entrepomenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative masculine singular - respecting/regarding" }, "variants": { "*Kritēs*": "judge/magistrate", "*polei*": "city/town", "*phoboumenos*": "fearing/respecting/reverencing", "*entrepomenos*": "respecting/regarding/being ashamed before" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Prov 29:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Proverbs.29.7", "source": "יֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק דִּ֣ין דַּלִּ֑ים רָ֝שָׁ֗ע לֹא־יָבִ֥ין דָּֽעַת׃", "text": "*yōdēaʿ* *ṣaddîq* *dîn* *dallîm* *rāšāʿ* *lōʾ*-*yāḇîn* *dāʿat*", "grammar": { "*yōdēaʿ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - knowing/considering", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective/substantive, masculine singular - righteous one", "*dîn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - case/cause of", "*dallîm*": "adjective/substantive, masculine plural - poor ones/weak ones", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective/substantive, masculine singular - wicked one", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yāḇîn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - understands/perceives", "*dāʿat*": "noun, feminine singular - knowledge/understanding" }, "variants": { "*yōdēaʿ*": "knows/considers/cares for", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous person/just one", "*dîn dallîm*": "case of the poor/cause of the weak/rights of the needy", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evil one", "*lōʾ-yāḇîn*": "does not understand/has no perception of", "*dāʿat*": "knowledge/understanding/insight" } }
  • Luke 18:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Luke.18.4", "source": "Καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησεν ἐπὶ χρόνον: μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα εἶπεν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, Εἰ καὶ τὸν Θεὸν οὐ φοβοῦμαι, καὶ ἄνθρωπον οὐκ ἐντρέπομαι·", "text": "And not *ēthelēsen* for *chronon*: *meta* *de* these *eipen* in *heautō*, If also the *Theon* not *phoboumai*, and *anthrōpon* not *entrepomai*;", "grammar": { "*ēthelēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - was willing/wanted", "*chronon*": "accusative masculine singular - time/while", "*meta*": "preposition + accusative - after", "*de*": "conjunction, adversative/transitional - but/and", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "*heautō*": "dative masculine singular reflexive pronoun - himself", "*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular - God", "*phoboumai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 1st person singular - I fear", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative masculine singular - man/person", "*entrepomai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 1st person singular - I respect" }, "variants": { "*ēthelēsen*": "was willing/wanted/desired/consented", "*chronon*": "time/period/while", "*phoboumai*": "I fear/respect/reverence", "*entrepomai*": "I respect/regard/feel shame before" } }
  • Rom 3:14-18 : 14 { "verseID": "Romans.3.14", "source": "Ὧν τὸ στόμα ἀρᾶς καὶ πικρίας γέμει:", "text": "*Hōn to stoma aras kai pikrias gemei*:", "grammar": { "*Hōn*": "relative pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of whom", "*to stoma*": "article + noun, nominative, neuter, singular - the mouth", "*aras*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of cursing", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pikrias*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of bitterness", "*gemei*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - is full" }, "variants": { "*aras*": "cursing/curse/imprecation", "*pikrias*": "bitterness/harsh speech/bitter hatred", "*gemei*": "is full/is filled with/overflows with" } } 15 { "verseID": "Romans.3.15", "source": "Ὀξεῖς οἱ πόδες αὐτῶν ἐκχέαι αἷμα:", "text": "*Oxeis hoi podes autōn ekcheai haima*:", "grammar": { "*Oxeis*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - swift", "*hoi podes*": "article + noun, nominative, masculine, plural - the feet", "*autōn*": "pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of them", "*ekcheai*": "verb, aorist active infinitive - to shed/pour out", "*haima*": "noun, accusative, neuter, singular - blood" }, "variants": { "*Oxeis*": "swift/quick/sharp", "*ekcheai*": "to shed/to pour out/to spill" } } 16 { "verseID": "Romans.3.16", "source": "Σύντριμμα καὶ ταλαιπωρία ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτῶν:", "text": "*Syntrimma kai talaipōria en tais hodois autōn*:", "grammar": { "*Syntrimma*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - destruction/ruin", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*talaipōria*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - misery/distress", "*en tais hodois*": "preposition + article + noun, dative, feminine, plural - in the ways/paths", "*autōn*": "pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of them" }, "variants": { "*Syntrimma*": "destruction/ruin/brokenness/crushing", "*talaipōria*": "misery/distress/calamity/wretchedness", "*hodois*": "ways/paths/roads/routes" } } 17 { "verseID": "Romans.3.17", "source": "Καὶ ὁδὸν εἰρήνης οὐκ ἔγνωσαν:", "text": "*Kai hodon eirēnēs ouk egnōsan*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hodon*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - way/path", "*eirēnēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of peace", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*egnōsan*": "verb, aorist active, 3rd person plural - they knew" }, "variants": { "*hodon*": "way/path/road/journey", "*eirēnēs*": "of peace/of harmony/of tranquility", "*egnōsan*": "knew/recognized/understood" } } 18 { "verseID": "Romans.3.18", "source": "Οὐκ ἔστιν φόβος Θεοῦ ἀπέναντι τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτῶν.", "text": "*Ouk estin phobos Theou apenanti tōn ophthalmōn autōn*.", "grammar": { "*Ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*estin*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - is/exists", "*phobos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - fear", "*Theou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*apenanti*": "preposition + genitive - before/in front of", "*tōn ophthalmōn*": "article + noun, genitive, masculine, plural - the eyes", "*autōn*": "pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of them" }, "variants": { "*phobos*": "fear/reverence/awe", "*apenanti*": "before/in front of/in the presence of/before the face of" } }
  • Ezek 22:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.6", "source": "הִנֵּה֙ נְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אִ֥ישׁ לִזְרֹע֖וֹ הָ֣יוּ בָ֑ךְ לְמַ֖עַן שְׁפָךְ־דָּֽם׃", "text": "Behold, *nəśîʾēy* *Yiśrāʾēl*, *ʾîš* to *zərōʿô* *hāyû* in you, for *ləmaʿan* *šəp̄āḵ*-*dām*", "grammar": { "*nəśîʾēy*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'princes of'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/each'", "*zərōʿô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his arm'", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they were'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - 'for the purpose of'", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to shed'", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - 'blood'" }, "variants": { "*nəśîʾēy*": "princes of/rulers of/chiefs of", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/each person", "*zərōʿô*": "his arm/his power/his strength", "*ləmaʿan*": "for the purpose of/in order to", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "shed/pour out/spill", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/life" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.7", "source": "אָ֤ב וָאֵם֙ הֵקַ֣לּוּ בָ֔ךְ לַגֵּ֛ר עָשׂ֥וּ בַעֹ֖שֶׁק בְּתוֹכֵ֑ךְ יָת֥וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֖ה ה֥וֹנוּ בָֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾāḇ* and *ʾēm* they *hēqallû* in you, to the *gēr* they *ʿāśû* in *ʿōšeq* in *ṯôḵēḵ*; *yāṯôm* and *ʾalmānāh* they *hônû* in you", "grammar": { "*ʾāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - 'father'", "*ʾēm*": "feminine singular noun - 'mother'", "*hēqallû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they treated lightly/dishonored'", "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the sojourner'", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they did/made'", "*ʿōšeq*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the oppression'", "*ṯôḵēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your midst'", "*yāṯôm*": "masculine singular noun - 'orphan'", "*ʾalmānāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'widow'", "*hônû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they oppressed/wronged'" }, "variants": { "*hēqallû*": "treated lightly/dishonored/cursed", "*gēr*": "sojourner/alien/foreigner", "*ʿōšeq*": "oppression/extortion/violence", "*hônû*": "oppressed/wronged/defrauded" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.8", "source": "קָדָשַׁ֖י בָּזִ֑ית וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י חִלָּֽלְתְּ׃", "text": "My *qāḏāšay* you have *bāzîṯ* and *ʾeṯ*-my *šabbəṯōṯay* you have *ḥillālt*", "grammar": { "*qāḏāšay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my holy things'", "*bāzîṯ*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you despised'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*šabbəṯōṯay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my sabbaths'", "*ḥillālt*": "piel perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you profaned'" }, "variants": { "*qāḏāšay*": "my holy things/my sacred things/my sanctuary", "*bāzîṯ*": "despised/scorned/held in contempt", "*šabbəṯōṯay*": "my sabbaths/my rest days", "*ḥillālt*": "profaned/desecrated/violated" } }
  • Mic 3:1-3 : 1 { "verseID": "Micah.3.1", "source": "וָאֹמַ֗ר שִׁמְעוּ־נָא֙ רָאשֵׁ֣י יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּקְצִינֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הֲל֣וֹא לָכֶ֔ם לָדַ֖עַת אֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "And *wāʾōmar* *šimʿû-nāʾ* *rāʾšê* *yaʿăqōb* and-*qĕṣînê* *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl* *hălôʾ* to-you to-*lādaʿat* *ʾet*-the-*mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "1st person singular, waw-consecutive imperfect - and I said", "*šimʿû-nāʾ*": "2nd person masculine plural imperative with particle of entreaty - hear/listen please", "*rāʾšê*": "masculine plural construct - heads of/leaders of", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper name - Jacob", "*qĕṣînê*": "masculine plural construct - rulers/officers of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is it not?", "*lādaʿat*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to know", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment/justice" }, "variants": { "*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/and I will say", "*šimʿû-nāʾ*": "listen please/hear now", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right/lawful claim" } } 2 { "verseID": "Micah.3.2", "source": "שֹׂ֥נְאֵי ט֖וֹב וְאֹ֣הֲבֵי *רעה **רָ֑ע גֹּזְלֵ֤י עוֹרָם֙ מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וּשְׁאֵרָ֖ם מֵעַ֥ל עַצְמוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*śōnʾê* *ṭôb* and-*ʾōhăbê* *rāʿ* *gōzlê* *ʿôrām* from-upon-them and-*šĕʾērām* from-upon *ʿaṣmôtām*", "grammar": { "*śōnʾê*": "masculine plural construct participle - haters of", "*ṭôb*": "masculine singular noun/adjective - good", "*ʾōhăbê*": "masculine plural construct participle - lovers of", "*rāʿ*": "masculine singular noun/adjective - evil", "*gōzlê*": "masculine plural construct participle - plunderers of/those who tear off", "*ʿôrām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their skin", "*šĕʾērām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their flesh", "*ʿaṣmôtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bones" }, "variants": { "*śōnʾê*": "haters of/those who hate", "*ṭôb*": "good/goodness/welfare", "*ʾōhăbê*": "lovers of/those who love", "*rāʿ*": "evil/bad/wickedness", "*gōzlê*": "plunderers/robbers/those who tear off", "*šĕʾērām*": "their flesh/meat/food/kin" } } 3 { "verseID": "Micah.3.3", "source": "וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר אָכְלוּ֮ שְׁאֵ֣ר עַמִּי֒ וְעוֹרָם֙ מֵעֲלֵיהֶ֣ם הִפְשִׁ֔יטוּ וְאֶת־עַצְמֹֽתֵיהֶ֖ם פִּצֵּ֑חוּ וּפָרְשׂוּ֙ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּסִּ֔יר וּכְבָשָׂ֖ר בְּת֥וֹךְ קַלָּֽחַת׃", "text": "And-who *ʾāklû* *šĕʾēr* *ʿammî* and-*ʿôrām* from-upon-them *hipšîṭû* and-*ʾet*-*ʿaṣmōtêhem* *piṣṣēḥû* and-*pārĕśû* like-that-which in-the-*sîr* and-like-*bāśār* in-midst *qallāḥat*", "grammar": { "*ʾāklû*": "3rd person plural qal perfect - they ate/devoured", "*šĕʾēr*": "masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ʿôrām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their skin", "*hipšîṭû*": "3rd person plural hiphil perfect - they stripped off", "*ʿaṣmōtêhem*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bones", "*piṣṣēḥû*": "3rd person plural piel perfect - they broke in pieces", "*pārĕśû*": "3rd person plural qal perfect - they spread out/divided", "*sîr*": "masculine singular noun - pot", "*bāśār*": "masculine singular noun - flesh/meat", "*qallāḥat*": "feminine singular noun - caldron/pot" }, "variants": { "*ʾāklû*": "they ate/devoured/consumed", "*šĕʾēr*": "flesh/meat/food/kin", "*hipšîṭû*": "they stripped off/flayed", "*piṣṣēḥû*": "they broke in pieces/shattered/crushed", "*pārĕśû*": "they spread out/scattered/divided", "*sîr*": "pot/kettle", "*bāśār*": "flesh/meat/body", "*qallāḥat*": "caldron/cooking pot" } }
  • Exod 18:21-22 : 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.21", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה תֶחֱזֶ֣ה מִכָּל־הָ֠עָם אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֜יִל יִרְאֵ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אַנְשֵׁ֥י אֱמֶ֖ת שֹׂ֣נְאֵי בָ֑צַע וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ עֲלֵהֶ֗ם שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֔וֹת שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת׃", "text": "And-you *teḥĕzeh* from-all-*hāʿām* *ʾanšê*-*ḥayil* *yirʾê* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾanšê* *ʾĕmet* *śōnəʾê* *bāṣaʿ* *wə*-*śamtā* over-them *śārê* *ʾălāpîm* *śārê* *mēʾôt* *śārê* *ḥămiššîm* and-*śārê* *ʿăśārōt*", "grammar": { "*teḥĕzeh*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall select/see", "*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people", "*ʾanšê*-*ḥayil*": "noun, masculine plural construct with noun - men of ability", "*yirʾê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - fearers of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular - truth", "*śōnəʾê*": "participle, masculine plural construct - haters of", "*bāṣaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - unjust gain", "*wə*-*śamtā*": "conjunction with perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall set", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rulers of", "*ʾălāpîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thousands", "*mēʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - hundreds", "*ḥămiššîm*": "numeral, common plural - fifties", "*ʿăśārōt*": "noun, feminine plural - tens" }, "variants": { "*teḥĕzeh*": "select/provide/look out/see", "*ʾanšê*-*ḥayil*": "men of ability/capable men/men of valor", "*bāṣaʿ*": "unjust gain/dishonest profit/covetousness" } } 22 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.22", "source": "וְשָׁפְט֣וּ אֶת־הָעָם֮ בְּכָל־עֵת֒ וְהָיָ֞ה כָּל־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַגָּדֹל֙ יָבִ֣יאוּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְכָל־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַקָּטֹ֖ן יִשְׁפְּטוּ־הֵ֑ם וְהָקֵל֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ וְנָשְׂא֖וּ אִתָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*wə*-*šāpəṭû* *ʾet*-*hāʿām* in-all-*ʿēt* *wə*-*hāyāh* all-*haddābār* *haggādōl* *yābîʾû* to-you and-all-*haddābār* *haqqāṭōn* *yišpəṭû*-they *wə*-*hāqēl* from-upon-you *wə*-*nāśəʾû* with-you", "grammar": { "*wə*-*šāpəṭû*": "conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall judge", "*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular - time", "*wə*-*hāyāh*": "conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the matter", "*haggādōl*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the great", "*yābîʾû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hiphil form - they shall bring", "*haqqāṭōn*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the small", "*yišpəṭû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall judge", "*wə*-*hāqēl*": "conjunction with imperative, masculine singular, hiphil form - and make it lighter", "*wə*-*nāśəʾû*": "conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall bear" }, "variants": { "*hāqēl*": "make lighter/ease/relieve", "*nāśəʾû*": "they shall bear/carry/lift" } }
  • 2 Chr 19:3-9 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.3", "source": "אֲבָ֕ל דְּבָרִ֥ים טוֹבִ֖ים נִמְצְא֣וּ עִמָּ֑ךְ כִּֽי־בִעַ֤רְתָּ הָאֲשֵׁרוֹת֙ מִן־הָאָ֔רֶץ וַהֲכִינ֥וֹתָ לְבָבְךָ֖ לִדְרֹ֥שׁ הָֽאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*ʾăḇāl* *dəḇārîm* *ṭôḇîm* *nimṣəʾû* with-you for-*biʿartā* the-*ʾăšērôṯ* from-the-*ʾāreṣ* and-*hăḵînôṯā* *ləḇāḇəḵā* to-*liḏrōš* the-*ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾăḇāl*": "conjunction - but/nevertheless", "*dəḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words/things/matters", "*ṭôḇîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - good", "*nimṣəʾû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they were found", "*biʿartā*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have removed/purged", "*ʾăšērôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the Asherah poles", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*hăḵînôṯā*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have prepared/established", "*ləḇāḇəḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - your heart", "*liḏrōš*": "qal infinitive construct - to seek", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - God", "עִמָּ֑ךְ": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you", "כִּֽי־": "conjunction - because/for", "מִן־": "preposition - from", "וַ־": "conjunction - and", "לְ־": "preposition - to/for" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḇāl*": "but/however/nevertheless", "*dəḇārîm* *ṭôḇîm*": "good things/good words/good deeds", "*ʾăšērôṯ*": "Asherah poles/sacred poles (pagan worship items)", "*biʿartā*": "removed/purged/burned/destroyed", "*liḏrōš*": "to seek/to search for/to inquire of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/the deity" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.4", "source": "וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב יְהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם ס וַיָּ֜שָׁב וַיֵּצֵ֣א בָעָ֗ם מִבְּאֵ֥ר שֶׁ֙בַע֙ עַד־הַ֣ר אֶפְרַ֔יִם וַיְשִׁיבֵ֕ם אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyēšeḇ* *yəhôšāp̄āṭ* in-*yərûšālāim* and *wayyāšāḇ* and *wayyēṣēʾ* in-the-*ʿām* from-*bəʾēr šeḇaʿ* until-mountain-of *ʾep̄rayim* and *wayšîḇēm* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăḇôṯêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyēšeḇ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he dwelt/lived", "*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jehoshaphat", "*wayyāšāḇ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he returned/went out again", "*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*bəʾēr šeḇaʿ*": "proper noun - Beersheba", "*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*wayšîḇēm*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he brought them back", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾăḇôṯêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their fathers", "בִּ־": "preposition - in", "מִ־": "preposition - from", "עַד־": "preposition - until/to", "אֶל־": "preposition - to" }, "variants": { "*wayyēšeḇ*": "dwelt/lived/remained", "*wayyāšāḇ*": "returned/went back", "*wayyēṣēʾ*": "went out/came out/departed", "*wayšîḇēm*": "brought them back/returned them/caused them to return", "*ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăḇôṯêhem*": "God of their fathers/ancestors' deity" } } 5 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.5", "source": "וַיַּעֲמֵ֨ד שֹֽׁפְטִ֜ים בָּאָ֗רֶץ בְּכָל־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה הַבְּצֻר֖וֹת לְעִ֥יר וָעִֽיר׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿămēḏ* *šōp̄əṭîm* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* in-all-cities-of *yəhûḏāh* the-*bəṣurôṯ* for-*ʿîr* and-*ʿîr*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿămēḏ*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he appointed/set up", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - judges", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*bəṣurôṯ*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article - the fortified", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "בָּ־": "preposition + definite article - in the", "בְּכָל־": "preposition + noun - in all", "לְ־": "preposition - for", "וָ־": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿămēḏ*": "appointed/set up/established", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "judges/magistrates", "*bəṣurôṯ*": "fortified/walled/strengthened", "*ʿîr* and-*ʿîr*": "city by city/each city/every city" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־הַשֹּֽׁפְטִ֗ים רְאוּ֙ מָֽה־אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים כִּ֣י לֹ֧א לְאָדָ֛ם תִּשְׁפְּט֖וּ כִּ֣י לַיהוָ֑ה וְעִמָּכֶ֖ם בִּדְבַ֥ר מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to-the-*šōp̄əṭîm* *rəʾû* what-you *ʿōśîm* for not for-*ʾāḏām* *tišpəṭû* but for-*YHWH* and-with-you in-*dəḇar* *mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the judges", "*rəʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - see/consider", "*ʿōśîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - doing", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*tišpəṭû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you judge", "*dəḇar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word/matter of", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment", "אֶל־": "preposition - to", "מָֽה־": "interrogative pronoun - what", "כִּ֣י": "conjunction - for/because", "לֹ֧א": "negative particle - not", "לְ־": "preposition - for", "וְ־": "conjunction - and", "בִּ־": "preposition - in" }, "variants": { "*rəʾû*": "see/watch/consider/take note", "*tišpəṭû*": "you judge/you decide/you govern", "*dəḇar* *mišpāṭ*": "matter of judgment/case of justice/legal matter" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.7", "source": "וְעַתָּ֕ה יְהִ֥י פַֽחַד־יְהוָ֖ה עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם שִׁמְר֣וּ וַעֲשׂ֔וּ כִּֽי־אֵ֞ין עִם־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ עַוְלָ֛ה וּמַשֹּׂ֥א פָנִ֖ים וּמִקַּח־שֹֽׁחַד׃", "text": "And-now *yəhî* *p̄aḥaḏ*-*YHWH* upon-you *šimrû* and-*waʿăśû* for-*ʾên* with-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ʿawlāh* and-*maśōʾ* *p̄ānîm* and-*miqqaḥ*-*šōḥaḏ*", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let be", "*p̄aḥaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fear of", "*šimrû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - watch/keep/observe", "*waʿăśû*": "waw + qal imperative, masculine plural - and do/act", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st common plural suffix - our God", "*ʿawlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - injustice/wickedness", "*maśōʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lifting/showing favoritism", "*p̄ānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - faces", "*miqqaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - taking of", "*šōḥaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - bribe", "וְ־": "conjunction - and", "עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - upon you", "כִּֽי־": "conjunction - for/because", "עִם־": "preposition - with", "וּ־": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*p̄aḥaḏ*": "fear/dread/reverence", "*šimrû*": "watch/guard/observe/be careful", "*ʿawlāh*": "injustice/wrongdoing/wickedness/perversion", "*maśōʾ* *p̄ānîm*": "partiality/favoritism/respect of persons", "*miqqaḥ*-*šōḥaḏ*": "taking of bribes/accepting bribes" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.8", "source": "וְגַ֣ם בִּ֠ירוּשָׁלִַם הֶעֱמִ֨יד יְהוֹשָׁפָ֜ט מִן־הַלְוִיִּ֣ם וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים וּמֵרָאשֵׁ֤י הָאָבוֹת֙ לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְמִשְׁפַּ֥ט יְהוָ֖ה וְלָרִ֑יב וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And-also in-*yərûšālayim* *heʿĕmîḏ* *yəhôšāp̄āṭ* from-the-*ləwiyyîm* and-the-*kōhănîm* and-from-*rāʾšê* the-*ʾāḇôṯ* to-*yiśrāʾēl* for-*mišpaṭ* *YHWH* and-for-the-*rîḇ* and *wayyāšuḇû* *yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*heʿĕmîḏ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he appointed/established", "*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jehoshaphat", "*ləwiyyîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the Levites", "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the priests", "*rāʾšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - heads/chiefs of", "*ʾāḇôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the fathers", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment of", "*rîḇ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the dispute/controversy", "*wayyāšuḇû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and they returned", "וְגַ֣ם": "conjunction + particle - and also", "בִּ־": "preposition - in", "מִן־": "preposition - from", "וְ־": "conjunction - and", "וּמֵ־": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "לְ־": "preposition - for/to" }, "variants": { "*heʿĕmîḏ*": "appointed/established/set up", "*rāʾšê* the-*ʾāḇôṯ*": "heads of the fathers/family chiefs/patriarchal leaders", "*mišpaṭ* *YHWH*": "judgment of YHWH/divine law/LORD's justice", "*rîḇ*": "dispute/controversy/legal case" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.9", "source": "וַיְצַ֥ו עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּ֤ה תַעֲשׂוּן֙ בְּיִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה בֶּאֱמוּנָ֖ה וּבְלֵבָ֥ב שָׁלֵֽם׃", "text": "And *wayṣaw* upon-them *lēʾmōr* thus *ṯaʿăśûn* in-*yirʾaṯ* *YHWH* in-*ʾĕmûnāh* and-in-*lēḇāḇ* *šālēm*", "grammar": { "*wayṣaw*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded/charged", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ṯaʿăśûn*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural paragogic nun - you shall do", "*yirʾaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - fear of", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - faithfulness/fidelity", "*lēḇāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*šālēm*": "adjective, masculine singular - complete/perfect", "עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them", "כֹּ֤ה": "adverb - thus/so", "בְּ־": "preposition - in", "וּבְ־": "conjunction + preposition - and in" }, "variants": { "*wayṣaw*": "commanded/ordered/charged", "*ṯaʿăśûn*": "you shall do/you shall act/you must perform", "*yirʾaṯ* *YHWH*": "fear of YHWH/reverence for the LORD", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "faithfulness/fidelity/trustworthiness", "*lēḇāḇ* *šālēm*": "perfect heart/whole heart/complete heart" } }
  • Job 29:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Job.29.7", "source": "בְּצֵ֣אתִי שַׁ֣עַר עֲלֵי־קָ֑רֶת בָּ֝רְח֗וֹב אָכִ֥ין מוֹשָׁבִֽי", "text": "*bə-ṣēʾtî* *šaʿar* *ʿălê-qāret* *bā-rəḥôb* *ʾākîn* *môšābî*", "grammar": { "*bə-ṣēʾtî*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - when I went out", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular - gate", "*ʿălê-qāret*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to/toward city", "*bā-rəḥôb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the street/plaza/open area", "*ʾākîn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I prepared/set up", "*môšābî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my seat" }, "variants": { "*bə-ṣēʾtî*": "when I went out/came forth", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance/doorway", "*qāret*": "city/town", "*rəḥôb*": "street/plaza/broad place/town square", "*ʾākîn*": "I prepared/established/set up" } } 8 { "verseID": "Job.29.8", "source": "רָא֣וּנִי נְעָרִ֣ים וְנֶחְבָּ֑אוּ וִֽ֝ישִׁישִׁים קָ֣מוּ עָמָֽדוּ", "text": "*rāʾûnî* *nəʿārîm* *wə-neḥbāʾû* *wî-šîšîm* *qāmû* *ʿāmādû*", "grammar": { "*rāʾûnî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural + 1st person singular suffix - they saw me", "*nəʿārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - young men", "*wə-neḥbāʾû*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - and they hid themselves", "*wî-šîšîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and aged men/elders", "*qāmû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they arose", "*ʿāmādû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they stood" }, "variants": { "*nəʿārîm*": "young men/boys/youths/servants", "*neḥbāʾû*": "they hid themselves/withdrew", "*šîšîm*": "aged men/elders/old men", "*ʿāmādû*": "they stood/stood up/took their stand" } } 9 { "verseID": "Job.29.9", "source": "שָׂ֭רִים עָצְר֣וּ בְמִלִּ֑ים וְ֝כַ֗ף יָשִׂ֥ימוּ לְפִיהֶֽם", "text": "*śārîm* *ʿāṣrû* *bə-millîm* *wə-kap* *yāśîmû* *lə-pîhem*", "grammar": { "*śārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - princes/officials/rulers", "*ʿāṣrû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they restrained/stopped", "*bə-millîm*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - with words", "*wə-kap*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and palm/hand", "*yāśîmû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they placed/put", "*lə-pîhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their mouth" }, "variants": { "*śārîm*": "princes/officials/nobles/chiefs", "*ʿāṣrû*": "they restrained/stopped/held back", "*millîm*": "words/speech", "*kap*": "palm/hand/sole", "*yāśîmû*": "they put/placed/laid" } } 10 { "verseID": "Job.29.10", "source": "קוֹל־נְגִידִ֥ים נֶחְבָּ֑אוּ וּ֝לְשׁוֹנָ֗ם לְחִכָּ֥ם דָּבֵֽקָה", "text": "*qôl-nəgîdîm* *neḥbāʾû* *û-ləšônām* *lə-ḥikkām* *dābēqāh*", "grammar": { "*qôl-nəgîdîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural - voice of leaders", "*neḥbāʾû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they hid themselves/were hidden", "*û-ləšônām*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their tongue", "*lə-ḥikkām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their palate/roof of mouth", "*dābēqāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it clung/cleaved" }, "variants": { "*nəgîdîm*": "leaders/nobles/rulers/commanders", "*neḥbāʾû*": "they hid/were hidden/were silenced", "*ləšônām*": "their tongue/language", "*ḥikkām*": "their palate/roof of mouth", "*dābēqāh*": "it clung/stuck/adhered" } } 11 { "verseID": "Job.29.11", "source": "כִּ֤י אֹ֣זֶן שָׁ֭מְעָה וַֽתְּאַשְּׁרֵ֑נִי וְעַ֥ין רָ֝אֲתָ֗ה וַתְּעִידֵֽנִי", "text": "*kî* *ʾōzen* *šāməʿāh* *wa-təʾaššrēnî* *wə-ʿayin* *rāʾătāh* *wa-təʿîdēnî*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because/when", "*ʾōzen*": "noun, feminine singular - ear", "*šāməʿāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it heard", "*wa-təʾaššrēnî*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and it blessed/called me happy", "*wə-ʿayin*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and eye", "*rāʾătāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it saw", "*wa-təʿîdēnî*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and it testified/bore witness to me" }, "variants": { "*ʾōzen*": "ear/hearing", "*šāməʿāh*": "it heard/listened", "*təʾaššrēnî*": "it blessed me/pronounced me happy/approved me", "*ʿayin*": "eye/sight", "*təʿîdēnî*": "it testified for me/bore me witness/gave approval of me" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.29.12", "source": "כִּֽי־אֲ֭מַלֵּט עָנִ֣י מְשַׁוֵּ֑עַ וְ֝יָת֗וֹם וְֽלֹא־עֹזֵ֥ר לֽוֹ", "text": "*kî-ʾămalleṭ* *ʿānî* *məšawwēaʿ* *wə-yātôm* *wə-lōʾ-ʿōzēr* *lô*", "grammar": { "*kî-ʾămalleṭ*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 1st person singular - for I delivered/rescued", "*ʿānî*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor/afflicted", "*məšawwēaʿ*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - crying for help", "*wə-yātôm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and orphan", "*wə-lōʾ-ʿōzēr*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal participle, masculine singular - and no helper", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him/for him" }, "variants": { "*ʾămalleṭ*": "I delivered/rescued/saved", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble/oppressed", "*məšawwēaʿ*": "crying out/crying for help/pleading", "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless" } } 13 { "verseID": "Job.29.13", "source": "בִּרְכַּ֣ת אֹ֭בֵד עָלַ֣י תָּבֹ֑א וְלֵ֖ב אַלְמָנָ֣ה אַרְנִֽן", "text": "*birkat* *ʾōbēd* *ʿālay* *tābōʾ* *wə-lēb* *ʾalmānāh* *ʾarnīn*", "grammar": { "*birkat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - blessing of", "*ʾōbēd*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - perishing/about to perish", "*ʿālay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*tābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it came", "*wə-lēb*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and heart of", "*ʾalmānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - widow", "*ʾarnīn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I caused to sing/rejoice" }, "variants": { "*birkat*": "blessing/benediction", "*ʾōbēd*": "perishing one/one about to perish/dying person", "*tābōʾ*": "it came/would come", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*ʾalmānāh*": "widow/bereaved woman", "*ʾarnīn*": "I caused to rejoice/sing/shout for joy" } } 14 { "verseID": "Job.29.14", "source": "צֶ֣דֶק לָ֭בַשְׁתִּי וַיִּלְבָּשֵׁ֑נִי כִּֽמְעִ֥יל וְ֝צָנִ֗יף מִשְׁפָּטִֽי", "text": "*ṣedeq* *lābastî* *wa-yyilbāšēnî* *ki-məʿîl* *wə-ṣānîp* *mišpāṭî*", "grammar": { "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness", "*lābastî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I put on/clothed myself", "*wa-yyilbāšēnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and it clothed me", "*ki-məʿîl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like a robe", "*wə-ṣānîp*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and turban/headdress", "*mišpāṭî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my justice" }, "variants": { "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/rightness/justice", "*lābastî*": "I put on/clothed myself with/wore", "*yilbāšēnî*": "it clothed me/covered me", "*məʿîl*": "robe/cloak/mantle", "*ṣānîp*": "turban/headdress/diadem", "*mišpāṭî*": "my justice/judgment/right" } } 15 { "verseID": "Job.29.15", "source": "עֵינַ֣יִם הָ֭יִיתִי לַֽעִוֵּ֑ר וְרַגְלַ֖יִם לַפִּסֵּ֣חַ אָֽנִי", "text": "*ʿênayim* *hāyîtî* *la-ʿiwwēr* *wə-raglayim* *la-pissēaḥ* *ʾānî*", "grammar": { "*ʿênayim*": "noun, feminine dual - eyes", "*hāyîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I was", "*la-ʿiwwēr*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - to the blind", "*wə-raglayim*": "conjunction + noun, feminine dual - and feet", "*la-pissēaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - to the lame", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I" }, "variants": { "*ʿênayim*": "eyes/sight", "*ʿiwwēr*": "blind person/blind man", "*raglayim*": "feet/legs", "*pissēaḥ*": "lame person/crippled person" } } 16 { "verseID": "Job.29.16", "source": "אָ֣ב אָ֭נֹכִֽי לָֽאֶבְיוֹנִ֑ים וְרִ֖ב לֹא־יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶחְקְרֵֽהוּ", "text": "*ʾāb* *ʾānōkî* *lā-ʾebyônîm* *wə-rîb* *lōʾ-yādaʿtî* *ʾeḥqərēhû*", "grammar": { "*ʾāb*": "noun, masculine singular - father", "*ʾānōkî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*lā-ʾebyônîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - to the needy", "*wə-rîb*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and case/dispute", "*lōʾ-yādaʿtî*": "negative particle + Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I did not know", "*ʾeḥqərēhû*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I searched it out/investigated it" }, "variants": { "*ʾāb*": "father/protector/provider", "*ʾebyônîm*": "needy/poor/destitute people", "*rîb*": "case/dispute/legal cause/controversy", "*yādaʿtî*": "I knew/was acquainted with", "*ʾeḥqərēhû*": "I investigated it/searched it out/examined it" } } 17 { "verseID": "Job.29.17", "source": "וָֽ֭אֲשַׁבְּרָה מְתַלְּע֣וֹת עַוָּ֑ל וּ֝מִשִּׁנָּ֗יו אַשְׁלִ֥יךְ טָֽרֶף", "text": "*wā-ʾăšabbərāh* *mətalləʿôt* *ʿawwāl* *û-miššinnāyw* *ʾašlîk* *ṭārep*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾăšabbərāh*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 1st person singular with paragogic he - and I broke", "*mətalləʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - jaws of", "*ʿawwāl*": "noun, masculine singular - unjust/wicked one", "*û-miššinnāyw*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and from his teeth", "*ʾašlîk*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I cast/threw", "*ṭārep*": "noun, masculine singular - prey/torn flesh" }, "variants": { "*ʾăšabbərāh*": "I broke/shattered/crushed", "*mətalləʿôt*": "jaws/fangs", "*ʿawwāl*": "unjust one/wicked person/evil-doer", "*šinnāyw*": "his teeth/fangs", "*ʾašlîk*": "I cast out/threw away/flung", "*ṭārep*": "prey/torn flesh/plunder" } }
  • Ps 8:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.8.1", "source": "לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ עַֽל־הַגִּתִּ֗ית מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃", "text": "*lamenatsēah* upon-*hagittît* *mizmôr* to-*dāwid*", "grammar": { "*lamenatsēah*": "preposition *le* + definite article + participle, masculine singular construct - to/for the director/conductor/chief musician", "*hagittît*": "definite article + feminine noun - the Gittith (musical instrument or style)", "*mizmôr*": "masculine noun, construct state - psalm/melody", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*lamenatsēah*": "to the choirmaster/director/chief musician/overseer", "*hagittît*": "the Gittith (musical instrument/tune from Gath/wine press song)", "*mizmôr*": "psalm/song/melody/musical composition" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.8.2", "source": "יְהוָ֤ה אֲדֹנֵ֗ינוּ מָֽה־אַדִּ֣יר שִׁ֭מְךָ בְּכָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תְּנָ֥ה ה֝וֹדְךָ֗ עַל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃", "text": "*YHWH* *ʾădōnênû* how-*ʾaddîr* *šimkā* in-all-*hāʾārets* which *tenāh* *hôdekā* upon-*haššāmāyim*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾădōnênû*": "masculine noun + 1st person plural possessive suffix - our Lord/Master", "*ʾaddîr*": "adjective, masculine singular - majestic/mighty/excellent", "*šimkā*": "masculine noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*hāʾārets*": "definite article + feminine noun - the earth/land", "*tenāh*": "2nd person masculine singular imperative - place/set/give", "*hôdekā*": "masculine noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your splendor/glory/majesty", "*haššāmāyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the heavens" }, "variants": { "*ʾaddîr*": "majestic/mighty/excellent/glorious", "*tenāh*": "place/set/give/put", "*hôdekā*": "splendor/glory/majesty/honor" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.8.3", "source": "מִפִּ֤י עֽוֹלְלִ֨ים ׀ וְֽיֹנְקִים֮ יִסַּ֢דְתָּ֫ עֹ֥ז לְמַ֥עַן צוֹרְרֶ֑יךָ לְהַשְׁבִּ֥ית א֝וֹיֵ֗ב וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃", "text": "From-mouth-of *ʿôlelîm* and-*yōneqîm* *yissadtā* *ʿōz* for-sake-of *tsôrerêkā* to-cause-to-cease *ʾôyēb* and-*mitnaqēm*", "grammar": { "*ʿôlelîm*": "masculine plural noun - infants/children/babes", "*yōneqîm*": "masculine plural participle - sucklings/nursing ones", "*yissadtā*": "2nd person masculine singular perfect, Piel form - you have founded/established", "*ʿōz*": "masculine singular noun - strength/might/power", "*tsôrerêkā*": "masculine plural participle + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies/adversaries", "*ʾôyēb*": "masculine singular participle - enemy/foe", "*mitnaqēm*": "masculine singular participle, Hithpael form - avenger/one who takes vengeance" }, "variants": { "*yissadtā*": "you have founded/established/ordained/appointed", "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power/stronghold", "*tsôrerêkā*": "your adversaries/enemies/oppressors", "*mitnaqēm*": "avenger/one who takes vengeance/revenger" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.8.4", "source": "כִּֽי־אֶרְאֶ֣ה שָׁ֭מֶיךָ מַעֲשֵׂ֣י אֶצְבְּעֹתֶ֑יךָ יָרֵ֥חַ וְ֝כוֹכָבִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר כּוֹנָֽנְתָּה׃", "text": "When *ʾerʾeh* *šāmêkā* *maʿăśê* *ʾetsbeʿōtêkā* *yārēah* and-*kôkābîm* which *kônāntā*", "grammar": { "*ʾerʾeh*": "1st person singular imperfect - I see/look at/behold", "*šāmêkā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heavens", "*maʿăśê*": "masculine plural construct - works of/things made by", "*ʾetsbeʿōtêkā*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fingers", "*yārēah*": "masculine singular noun - moon", "*kôkābîm*": "masculine plural noun - stars", "*kônāntā*": "2nd person masculine singular perfect, Polel form - you have established/set in place" }, "variants": { "*ʾerʾeh*": "I see/look at/behold/consider", "*maʿăśê*": "works/deeds/acts/things made", "*kônāntā*": "you have established/set in place/prepared/fixed" } }
  • Isa 33:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.33.8", "source": "נָשַׁמּוּ מְסִלּוֹת שָׁבַת עֹבֵר אֹרַח הֵפֵר בְּרִית מָאַס עָרִים לֹא חָשַׁב אֱנוֹשׁ", "text": "*Nāšammû* *məsillôt* *šābat* *ʿōbēr* *ʾōraḥ* *hēpēr* *bərît* *māʾas* *ʿārîm* not *ḥāšab* *ʾĕnôš*", "grammar": { "*Nāšammû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are desolate", "*məsillôt*": "noun, feminine plural - highways/roads", "*šābat*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has ceased", "*ʿōbēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - one passing", "*ʾōraḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - traveler/wayfarer", "*hēpēr*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has broken", "*bərît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*māʾas*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has rejected/despised", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ḥāšab*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he regards/esteems", "*ʾĕnôš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind" }, "variants": { "*Nāšammû*": "they are desolate/they are deserted/they are waste", "*məsillôt*": "highways/roads/paths", "*šābat*": "he has ceased/he has stopped/it has ended", "*ʿōbēr*": "one passing/traveler/passer-by", "*ʾōraḥ*": "traveler/wayfarer/path", "*hēpēr*": "he has broken/he has violated/he has frustrated", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*māʾas*": "he has rejected/he has despised/he has refused", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns", "*ḥāšab*": "he regards/he considers/he esteems", "*ʾĕnôš*": "man/mankind/humanity" } }
  • Jer 22:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.16", "source": "׃22 16 דָּ֛ן דִּין־עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְי֖וֹן אָ֣ז ט֑וֹב הֲלוֹא־הִ֛יא הַדַּ֥עַת אֹתִ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Dān* *dîn-ʿānî* and *ʾebyôn* then *ṭôb*. Is not this the *daʿat* me? *nᵉʾum-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*dān*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he judged", "*dîn-ʿānî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + adjective, masculine singular - cause of poor", "*wᵉ-ʾebyôn*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and needy", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*hă-lôʾ-hîʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle + 3rd feminine singular pronoun - is not this", "*ha-ddaʿat*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular construct - the knowledge of", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st singular suffix - me", "*nᵉʾum-YHWH*": "noun, masculine singular construct + divine name - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*dān dîn*": "judged the cause/rendered justice", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute", "*daʿat*": "knowledge/understanding/cognizance", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.17", "source": "׃22 17 כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין עֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ וְלִבְּךָ֔ כִּ֖י אִם־עַל־בִּצְעֶ֑ךָ וְעַ֤ל דַּֽם־הַנָּקִי֙ לִשְׁפּ֔וֹךְ וְעַל־הָעֹ֥שֶׁק וְעַל־הַמְּרוּצָ֖ה לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃ ס", "text": "For not *ʿêneykā* and *libbᵉkā* except upon *biṣʿekā* and upon *dam-hannāqî* to *lišpôk* and upon *hāʿōšeq* and upon *hammᵉrûṣāh* to *laʿăśôt*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʿêneykā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*wᵉ-libbᵉkā*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your heart", "*kî ʾim-ʿal*": "conjunction + conditional particle + preposition - except upon", "*biṣʿekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your unjust gain", "*wᵉ-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon", "*dam-ha-nnāqî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - blood of the innocent", "*li-špôk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal - to shed", "*wᵉ-ʿal-hā-ʿōšeq*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and upon the oppression", "*wᵉ-ʿal-ha-mmᵉrûṣāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and upon the crushing", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct, qal - to do" }, "variants": { "*biṣʿekā*": "your unjust gain/dishonest profit/covetousness", "*dam-hannāqî*": "blood of the innocent/innocent blood", "*lišpôk*": "to shed/pour out", "*hāʿōšeq*": "the oppression/extortion", "*hammᵉrûṣāh*": "the crushing/oppression/violence", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do/perform/commit" } }