Verse 8

{ "verseID": "Micah.1.8", "source": "עַל־זֹאת֙ אֶסְפְּדָ֣ה וְאֵילִ֔ילָה אֵילְכָ֥ה שׁוֹלָ֖ל וְעָר֑וֹם אֶעֱשֶׂ֤ה מִסְפֵּד֙ כַּתַּנִּ֔ים וְאֵ֖בֶל כִּבְנ֥וֹת יַעֲנָֽה׃", "text": "For-this *ʾespəḏāh* and-*ʾêlîlāh* *ʾêləḵāh* *šôlāl* and-*ʿārôm* *ʾeʿĕśeh* *mispēḏ* like-the-*tannîm* and-*ʾēḇel* like-*bənôṯ* *yaʿănāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾespəḏāh*": "qal cohortative, 1st singular - let me lament/wail", "*ʾêlîlāh*": "hifil cohortative, 1st singular - let me howl/wail", "*ʾêləḵāh*": "qal cohortative, 1st singular - let me go/walk", "*šôlāl*": "common noun, masculine singular - stripped/barefoot", "*ʿārôm*": "common adjective, masculine singular - naked/bare", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will make", "*mispēḏ*": "common noun, masculine singular - lamentation/wailing", "*tannîm*": "common noun with definite article, masculine plural - the jackals", "*ʾēḇel*": "common noun, masculine singular - mourning", "*bənôṯ*": "common noun, feminine plural construct - daughters of", "*yaʿănāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - ostrich" }, "variants": { "*ʾespəḏāh*": "lament/wail/mourn", "*ʾêlîlāh*": "howl/wail/cry out", "*ʾêləḵāh*": "go/walk/proceed", "*šôlāl*": "stripped/barefoot/captive", "*ʿārôm*": "naked/bare/exposed", "*mispēḏ*": "lamentation/wailing/mourning ritual", "*tannîm*": "jackals/wild dogs/dragons", "*ʾēḇel*": "mourning/grief/lamentation", "*yaʿănāh*": "ostrich/owl/desert creature" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Av denne grunn vil jeg klage og gråte; jeg vil gå barføtt og naken. Jeg vil hyle som sjakaler og klage som strutser i sorg.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  På grunn av dette vil jeg jamre og klage, jeg vil gå barfot og naken. Jeg vil jamre som sjakaler, sørge som strutser.

• Norsk King James

  Derfor vil jeg klage og felle tårer; jeg vil gå naken; jeg vil lage en klagesang som drager, og sørge som ugler.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Derfor må jeg sørge og klage, jeg må gå bar og naken. Jeg må klage som sjakalene og sørge som strutsene.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Derfor vil jeg sørge og klage, gå barføtt og naken. Jeg vil holde klage som sjakalenes, sørge som strutsenes døtre.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Derfor vil jeg klage og hyle, jeg vil gå naken og barfot; jeg vil klage som sjakaler og sørge som strutser.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Derfor vil jeg jamre og hyle, gå barfot og naken; jeg skal sørge som dragene og sørge som ugler.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Derfor vil jeg klage og hyle, jeg vil gå naken og barfot; jeg vil klage som sjakaler og sørge som strutser.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Derfor vil jeg klage og jamre; jeg vil gå barføtt og naken. Jeg vil lage sorg som sjakalene og gråt som strutsene.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Because of this, I will lament and wail; I will walk barefoot and naked. I will howl like jackals and mourn like ostriches.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  For dette vil jeg sørge og klage, gå barføtt og naken. Jeg vil hyle som sjakaler og sørge som strutsens unger.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Derfor maa jeg græde og hyle, jeg maa gaae røvet og blottet, jeg maa anstille en Hylen som Dragerne, og Sorg som Strudsungerne.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Therefore I will wail and howl, I will go stripped and naked: I will make a wailing like the dragons, and mourning as the owls.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Derfor vil jeg jamre og klage, jeg vil gå avkledd og naken: jeg vil jamre som dragene og sørge som uglene.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Therefore I will wail and howl, I will go stripped and naked: I will make a wailing like the jackals, and mourning as the ostriches.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Therefore I will wail and howl, I will go stripped and naked: I will make a wailing like the dragons, and mourning as the owls.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Derfor vil jeg sørge og klage; jeg vil gå avkledd og naken; jeg vil hyle som sjakaler, og jamre som strutser.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Derfor klager og hyler jeg, jeg går ribbet og naken, klager som sjakaler og sørger som strutser.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  For dette vil jeg klage og jamre; jeg vil gå bortkledd og naken; jeg vil hyle som sjakaler, og sørge som strutser.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  For dette vil jeg være full av sorg og rope i klage; jeg vil gå naken og uutstyrt: Jeg vil gi klagerop som sjakaler og være i sorg som strutser.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Wherfore I wil mourne & make lamentacion, bare & naked will I go: I must mourne like ye dragos, & take sorow as ye Estriches:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Therefore I will mourne and howle: I wil goe without clothes, and naked: I will make lamentation like the dragons, and mourning as the ostriches.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Wherefore I wyll mourne and make lamentation, bare and naked wyl I go: I wyll mourne lyke the Dragons, and take sorowe as the Ostriches.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ Therefore I will wail and howl, I will go stripped and naked: I will make a wailing like the dragons, and mourning as the owls.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  For this I will lament and wail; I will go stripped and naked; I will howl like the jackals, And moan like the daughters of owls.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  For this I lament and howl, I go spoiled and naked, I make a lamentation like dragons, And a mourning like daughters of an ostrich.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For this will I lament and wail; I will go stripped and naked; I will make a wailing like the jackals, and a lamentation like the ostriches.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  For this I will be full of sorrow and give cries of grief; I will go uncovered and unclothed: I will give cries of grief like the jackals and will be in sorrow like the ostriches.

• World English Bible (2000)

  For this I will lament and wail; I will go stripped and naked; I will howl like the jackals, and moan like the daughters of owls.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  For this reason I will mourn and wail; I will walk around barefoot and without my outer garments. I will howl like a wild dog, and screech like an owl.

Referenced Verses

• Isa 22:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.22.4", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֥ן אָמַ֛רְתִּי שְׁע֥וּ מִנִּ֖י אֲמָרֵ֣ר בַּבֶּ֑כִי אַל־תָּאִ֣יצוּ לְנַֽחֲמֵ֔נִי עַל־שֹׁ֖ד בַּת־עַמִּֽי׃", "text": "Upon-thus *ʾāmartî* *šᵉʿû* from-me *ʾᵃmārēr* in-the-*bekî* not-*tāʾîṣû* to-*naḥᵃmēnî* upon-*šōd* *bat*-*ʿammî*", "grammar": { "עַל־כֵּ֥ן": "preposition + adverb - therefore/because of this", "*ʾāmartî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said", "*šᵉʿû*": "Qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - look away/gaze away", "מִנִּ֖י": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from me", "*ʾᵃmārēr*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will be bitter/weep bitterly", "בַּבֶּ֑כִי": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the weeping", "אַל־תָּאִ֣יצוּ": "negative particle + Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - do not urge/press", "לְנַֽחֲמֵ֔נִי": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - to comfort me", "עַל־שֹׁ֖ד": "preposition + masculine singular construct - upon destruction of", "בַּת־עַמִּֽי": "feminine singular construct + masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - daughter of my people" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartî*": "I said/spoke", "*šᵉʿû*": "look away/gaze away/turn away", "*ʾᵃmārēr*": "I will be bitter/weep bitterly/wail", "*bekî*": "weeping/crying", "*tāʾîṣû*": "urge/press/hasten", "*naḥᵃmēnî*": "comfort me/console me", "*šōd*": "destruction/devastation/ruin", "*bat*": "daughter/female inhabitant", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation" } }
• Isa 20:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.20.2", "source": "בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֗יא דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָה֮ בְּיַ֣ד יְשַׁעְיָ֣הוּ בֶן־אָמוֹץ֮ לֵאמֹר֒ לֵ֗ךְ וּפִתַּחְתָּ֤ הַשַּׂק֙ מֵעַ֣ל מָתְנֶ֔יךָ וְנַעַלְךָ֥ תַחֲלֹ֖ץ מֵעַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֑יךָ וַיַּ֣עַשׂ כֵּ֔ן הָלֹ֖ךְ עָר֥וֹם וְיָחֵֽף׃", "text": "In *ʿēth* *hahīʾ* *dibber* *YHWH* by *yad* *yəshaʿyāhū* *ben*-*ʾāmōṣ* *lēʾmōr* *lēk* *ūpittaḥtā* the *saq* from upon *mothnēka* and *naʿalka* *taḥalōṣ* from upon *raglēka* *wayyaʿas* thus *hālōk* *ʿārōm* *wəyāḥēp*", "grammar": { "*ʿēth*": "noun construct - time of", "*hahīʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective - that", "*dibber*": "3rd masculine singular Piel perfect - spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*yad*": "construct noun - hand of/by means of", "*yəshaʿyāhū*": "proper noun - Isaiah", "*ben*": "construct noun - son of", "*ʾāmōṣ*": "proper noun - Amoz", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lēk*": "2nd masculine singular Qal imperative - go", "*ūpittaḥtā*": "waw conjunctive + 2nd masculine singular Piel perfect - and you shall loosen/remove", "*saq*": "definite noun - the sackcloth", "*mothnēka*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your loins", "*naʿalka*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sandal", "*taḥalōṣ*": "2nd masculine singular Qal imperfect - you shall remove", "*raglēka*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your feet", "*wayyaʿas*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect - and he did", "*hālōk*": "Qal infinitive absolute - going", "*ʿārōm*": "adjective - naked/lightly clothed", "*wəyāḥēp*": "waw conjunctive + adjective - and barefoot" }, "variants": { "*saq*": "sackcloth/mourning garment/rough cloth", "*ʿārōm*": "naked/minimally clothed/without outer garment", "*yad*": "hand/agency/prophetic mediation" } } 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.20.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלַ֛ךְ עַבְדִּ֥י יְשַׁעְיָ֖הוּ עָר֣וֹם וְיָחֵ֑ף שָׁלֹ֤שׁ שָׁנִים֙ א֣וֹת וּמוֹפֵ֔ת עַל־מִצְרַ֖יִם וְעַל־כּֽוּשׁ׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* *kaʾasher* *hālak* *ʿabdī* *yəshaʿyāhū* *ʿārōm* *wəyāḥēp* *shālōsh* *shānīm* *ʾōth* *ūmōpēth* upon-*miṣrayim* and upon-*kūsh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*kaʾasher*": "preposition + relative particle - just as", "*hālak*": "3rd masculine singular Qal perfect - walked/went", "*ʿabdī*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my servant", "*yəshaʿyāhū*": "proper noun - Isaiah", "*ʿārōm*": "adjective - naked/lightly clothed", "*wəyāḥēp*": "waw conjunctive + adjective - and barefoot", "*shālōsh*": "cardinal number - three", "*shānīm*": "plural noun - years", "*ʾōth*": "noun - sign", "*ūmōpēth*": "waw conjunctive + noun - and wonder/portent", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*kūsh*": "proper noun - Cush/Ethiopia" }, "variants": { "*ʿārōm*": "naked/minimally clothed/without outer garment", "*ʾōth*": "sign/symbol/omen", "*mōpēth*": "wonder/portent/prophetic sign", "*kūsh*": "Cush/Ethiopia/Nubia (region south of Egypt)" } } 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.20.4", "source": "כֵּ֣ן יִנְהַ֣ג מֶֽלֶךְ־אַ֠שּׁוּר אֶת־שְׁבִ֨י מִצְרַ֜יִם וְאֶת־גָּל֥וּת כּ֛וּשׁ נְעָרִ֥ים וּזְקֵנִ֖ים עָר֣וֹם וְיָחֵ֑ף וַחֲשׂוּפַ֥י שֵׁ֖ת עֶרְוַ֥ת מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "Thus *yinhag* *melek*-*ʾashshūr* *ʾeth*-*shəbī* *miṣrayim* and *ʾeth*-*gālūth* *kūsh* *nəʿārīm* *ūzəqēnīm* *ʿārōm* *wəyāḥēp* *waḥaśūpay* *shēth* *ʿerwath* *miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*yinhag*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect - will lead away", "*melek*": "construct noun - king of", "*ʾashshūr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʾeth*": "direct object marker", "*shəbī*": "noun construct - captives of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*gālūth*": "noun construct - exiles of", "*kūsh*": "proper noun - Cush/Ethiopia", "*nəʿārīm*": "masculine plural noun - young men", "*ūzəqēnīm*": "waw conjunctive + masculine plural noun - and old men", "*ʿārōm*": "adjective - naked/lightly clothed", "*wəyāḥēp*": "waw conjunctive + adjective - and barefoot", "*waḥaśūpay*": "waw conjunctive + passive participle construct - and with exposed", "*shēth*": "noun - buttocks", "*ʿerwath*": "noun construct - nakedness of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*shəbī*": "captivity/captives/prisoners of war", "*gālūth*": "exile/exiles/deportees", "*nəʿārīm*": "young men/youth/servants", "*shēth*": "buttocks/rear", "*ʿerwath*": "nakedness/shame/exposure" } }
• Job 30:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Job.30.29", "source": "אָ֭ח הָיִ֣יתִי לְתַנִּ֑ים וְ֝רֵ֗עַ לִבְנ֥וֹת יַעֲנָֽה", "text": "*ʾāḥ* I *hāyîṯî* to *tannîm*, and *rēaʿ* to *ḇənôṯ* *yaʿănâ*", "grammar": { "*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - brother", "*hāyîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have become/was", "*lə-tannîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural - to jackals/dragons", "*wə-rēaʿ*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - and companion/friend", "*li-ḇənôṯ*": "preposition with noun, feminine plural construct - to daughters of", "*yaʿănâ*": "noun, feminine singular - ostrich" }, "variants": { "*ʾāḥ*": "brother/kinsman", "*hāyîṯî*": "have become/was/am", "*tannîm*": "jackals/dragons/wild dogs", "*rēaʿ*": "companion/friend/associate", "*ḇənôṯ yaʿănâ*": "daughters of ostrich/ostriches/female ostriches" } }
• Ps 102:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.102.6", "source": "מִקּ֥וֹל אַנְחָתִ֑י דָּבְקָ֥ה עַ֝צְמִ֗י לִבְשָׂרִֽי׃", "text": "From *qôl* *ʾanḥātî* *dāḇqâ* *ʿaṣmî* to *ḇiśārî*", "grammar": { "*miqqôl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from voice/sound of", "*ʾanḥātî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my groaning", "*dāḇqâ*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it clings/adheres", "*ʿaṣmî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my bone", "*liḇśārî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - to my flesh" }, "variants": { "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*ʾanḥātî*": "my groaning/sighing", "*dāḇqâ*": "clings/adheres/sticks", "*ʿaṣmî*": "my bone/skeleton", "*bśārî*": "my flesh/skin/body" } }
• Isa 13:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.13.21", "source": "וְרָבְצוּ־שָׁ֣ם צִיִּ֔ים וּמָלְא֥וּ בָתֵּיהֶ֖ם אֹחִ֑ים וְשָׁ֤כְנוּ שָׁם֙ בְּנ֣וֹת יַֽעֲנָ֔ה וּשְׂעִירִ֖ים יְרַקְּדוּ־שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*Wə*-*rāḇṣû*-there *ṣiyyîm* *û*-*mālʾû* *ḇāttêhem* *ʾōḥîm* *wə*-*šāḵnû* there *bənôṯ* *yaʿănāh* *û*-*śəʿîrîm* *yəraqqəḏû*-there", "grammar": { "*wərāḇṣû-šām*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + adverb - and will lie down there", "*ṣiyyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - desert creatures/wild beasts", "*ûmālʾû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and will fill", "*ḇāttêhem*": "noun, masculine, plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their houses", "*ʾōḥîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - howling creatures/owls", "*wəšāḵnû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and will dwell", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*bənôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - daughters of", "*yaʿănāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - ostrich", "*ûśəʿîrîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural - and goat-demons/satyrs", "*yəraqqəḏû-šām*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + adverb - will dance there" }, "variants": { "*ṣiyyîm*": "desert creatures/wild beasts/animals of the desert", "*ʾōḥîm*": "howling creatures/owls/jackals", "*bənôṯ yaʿănāh*": "daughters of the ostrich/female ostriches/owls", "*śəʿîrîm*": "goat-demons/satyrs/wild goats/hairy goats" } }
• Isa 16:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.16.9", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֡ן אֶבְכֶּ֞ה בִּבְכִ֤י יַעְזֵר֙ גֶּ֣פֶן שִׂבְמָ֔ה אֲרַיָּ֙וֶךְ֙ דִּמְעָתִ֔י חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן וְאֶלְעָלֵ֑ה כִּ֧י עַל־קֵיצֵ֛ךְ וְעַל־קְצִירֵ֖ךְ הֵידָ֥ד נָפָֽל", "text": "Therefore *ʾebkeh* with-weeping-of *yaʿzēr* *gepen* *śibmāh* *ʾărayyāwek* *dimʿātî* *ḥešbôn* *wəʾelʿālēh* for upon-*qêṣēk* and-upon-*qəṣîrēk* *hêdād* *nāpāl*", "grammar": { "*ʾebkeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will weep", "*yaʿzēr*": "proper noun - Jazer", "*gepen*": "noun, feminine singular construct - vine of", "*śibmāh*": "proper noun - Sibmah", "*ʾărayyāwek*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will drench you", "*dimʿātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my tears", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon", "*wəʾelʿālēh*": "conjunction ו + proper noun - and Elealeh", "*qêṣēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your summer fruit", "*qəṣîrēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your harvest", "*hêdād*": "noun, masculine singular - shouting/battle cry", "*nāpāl*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has fallen" }, "variants": { "*ʾărayyāwek*": "I will drench you/I will saturate you/I will water you", "*qêṣēk*": "your summer fruit/your summer crops", "*qəṣîrēk*": "your harvest/your reaping", "*hêdād*": "shouting/joyful shouting/battle cry/harvest shout/enemy battle cry" } }
• Jer 4:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.19", "source": "מֵעַ֣י ׀ מֵעַ֨י ׀ *אחולה **אוֹחִ֜ילָה קִיר֥וֹת לִבִּ֛י הֹֽמֶה־לִּ֥י לִבִּ֖י לֹ֣א אַחֲרִ֑ישׁ כִּ֣י ק֤וֹל שׁוֹפָר֙ *שמעתי **שָׁמַ֣עַתְּ נַפְשִׁ֔י תְּרוּעַ֖ת מִלְחָמָֽה׃", "text": "My *mēʿay*, my *mēʿay*, I *ʾôḥîlāh*! The *qîrôt* of my *libbî*! *hōmeh* to me my *libbî*! Not *ʾaḥărîš*! For *qôl* *šôpār* *šāmaʿat* my *napšî*, *tərûʿat* *milḥāmāh*", "grammar": { "*mēʿay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - my bowels/inner parts", "*ʾôḥîlāh*": "hiphil imperfect cohortative, 1st singular - I writhe in pain", "*qîrôt*": "feminine plural noun, construct - walls of", "*libbî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my heart", "*hōmeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - pounding/making tumult", "*libbî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my heart", "*ʾaḥărîš*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will keep silence", "*qôl*": "masculine singular noun, construct - sound of", "*šôpār*": "masculine singular noun - ram's horn/trumpet", "*šāmaʿat*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has heard", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my soul", "*tərûʿat*": "feminine singular noun, construct - alarm of", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - war/battle" }, "variants": { "*mēʿay*": "bowels/inner parts/inward feelings", "*ʾôḥîlāh*": "writhe in pain/am in anguish/wait anxiously", "*qîrôt*": "walls/sides", "*libbî*": "my heart/mind/inner self", "*hōmeh*": "pounding/making tumult/raging", "*ʾaḥărîš*": "keep silence/be still/hold my peace", "*qôl*": "sound/voice/noise", "*šôpār*": "ram's horn/trumpet/shofar", "*šāmaʿat*": "heard/listened to/heeded", "*napšî*": "my soul/life/self", "*tərûʿat*": "alarm/war cry/battle shout", "*milḥāmāh*": "war/battle/fighting" } }
• Jer 9:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.1", "source": "מִֽי־יִתְּנֵ֣נִי בַמִּדְבָּ֗ר מְלוֹן֙ אֹֽרְחִ֔ים וְאֶֽעֶזְבָה֙ אֶת־עַמִּ֔י וְאֵלְכָ֖ה מֵֽאִתָּ֑ם כִּ֤י כֻלָּם֙ מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים עֲצֶ֖רֶת בֹּגְדִֽים׃", "text": "*mî*-*yittenēnî* in-the-*midbār* *mĕlôn* *'ōrĕḥîm* *wĕ'e'ezbāh* *'et*-*'ammî* *wĕ'ēlĕkāh* from-*'ittām* *kî* *kullām* *mĕnā'ăfîm* *'ăṣeret* *bōgĕdîm*", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*yittenēnî*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - will give me", "*midbār*": "masculine noun, singular with prefixed preposition - in the wilderness", "*mĕlôn*": "masculine noun, construct state - lodging place of", "*'ōrĕḥîm*": "masculine plural noun - travelers/wayfarers", "*wĕ'e'ezbāh*": "conjunction + imperfect verb, 1st person singular cohortative - and I might leave", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*'ammî*": "masculine noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*wĕ'ēlĕkāh*": "conjunction + imperfect verb, 1st person singular cohortative - and I might go", "*'ittām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*mĕnā'ăfîm*": "masculine plural participle - adulterers", "*'ăṣeret*": "feminine noun, construct state - assembly of", "*bōgĕdîm*": "masculine plural participle - traitors/treacherous ones" }, "variants": { "*mî-yittenēnî*": "who will give me/oh that I had", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*mĕlôn*": "lodging place/shelter/inn", "*'ōrĕḥîm*": "travelers/wayfarers/wanderers", "*wĕ'e'ezbāh*": "and I might leave/abandon/forsake", "*wĕ'ēlĕkāh*": "and I might go/depart/walk away", "*mĕnā'ăfîm*": "adulterers/those committing adultery (literal or spiritual)", "*'ăṣeret*": "assembly/gathering/company", "*bōgĕdîm*": "traitors/treacherous ones/deceivers" } }
• Jer 9:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.10", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֧י אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלַ֛͏ִם לְגַלִּ֖ים מְע֣וֹן תַּנִּ֑ים וְאֶת־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה אֶתֵּ֥ן שְׁמָמָ֖ה מִבְּלִ֥י יוֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "*wĕnātattî* *'et*-*yĕrûšālaim* for-*gallîm* *mĕ'ôn* *tannîm* *wĕ'et*-*'ārê* *yĕhûdāh* *'ettēn* *šĕmāmāh* from-without *yôšēb*", "grammar": { "*wĕnātattî*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 1st person singular - and I will make/give", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*yĕrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*gallîm*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed preposition - for heaps", "*mĕ'ôn*": "masculine noun, construct state - dwelling of", "*tannîm*": "masculine plural noun - jackals", "*wĕ'et*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*'ārê*": "feminine plural noun, construct state - cities of", "*yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*'ettēn*": "imperfect verb, 1st person singular - I will make/give", "*šĕmāmāh*": "feminine noun - desolation", "*yôšēb*": "participle, masculine singular - inhabitant" }, "variants": { "*wĕnātattî*": "and I will make/give/place", "*gallîm*": "heaps/ruins/stone piles", "*mĕ'ôn*": "dwelling/habitation/lair", "*tannîm*": "jackals/wild dogs/dragons", "*'ārê*": "cities/towns/settlements", "*'ettēn*": "I will make/give/place", "*šĕmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*yôšēb*": "inhabitant/resident/dweller" } }
• Jer 9:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.19", "source": "כִּֽי־שְׁמַ֤עְנָה נָשִׁים֙ דְּבַר־יְהוָ֔ה וְתִקַּ֥ח אָזְנְכֶ֖ם דְּבַר־פִּ֑יו וְלַמֵּ֤דְנָה בְנֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ נֶ֔הִי וְאִשָּׁ֥ה רְעוּתָ֖הּ קִינָֽה׃", "text": "*kî*-*šĕma'nāh* *nāšîm* *dĕbar*-*YHWH* *wĕtiqqaḥ* *'āznĕkem* *dĕbar*-*pîw* *wĕlammēdnāh* *bĕnôtêkem* *nehî* *wĕ'iššāh* *rĕ'ûtāh* *qînāh*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*šĕma'nāh*": "imperative verb, 2nd person feminine plural - hear", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural noun - women", "*dĕbar*": "masculine noun, construct state - word of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*wĕtiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + imperfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular, jussive - and let take", "*'āznĕkem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ear", "*dĕbar*": "masculine noun, construct state - word of", "*pîw*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his mouth", "*wĕlammēdnāh*": "conjunction + imperative verb, 2nd person feminine plural, piel - and teach", "*bĕnôtêkem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your daughters", "*nehî*": "masculine noun - wailing", "*wĕ'iššāh*": "conjunction + feminine noun - and a woman", "*rĕ'ûtāh*": "feminine noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her neighbor", "*qînāh*": "feminine noun - lamentation" }, "variants": { "*šĕma'nāh*": "hear/listen to/obey", "*nāšîm*": "women/wives/females", "*dĕbar-YHWH*": "word of YHWH/command of YHWH", "*wĕtiqqaḥ*": "and let take/receive/accept", "*'āznĕkem*": "your ear/hearing", "*dĕbar-pîw*": "word of his mouth/utterance from his lips", "*wĕlammēdnāh*": "and teach/instruct/train", "*bĕnôtêkem*": "your daughters/female children", "*nehî*": "wailing/lamentation/dirge", "*rĕ'ûtāh*": "her neighbor/companion/friend", "*qînāh*": "lamentation/dirge/funeral song" } }
• Jer 48:36-39 : 36 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.36", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֞ן לִבִּ֤י לְמוֹאָב֙ כַּחֲלִלִ֣ים יֶהֱמֶ֔ה וְלִבִּי֙ אֶל־אַנְשֵׁ֣י קִֽיר־חֶ֔רֶשׂ כַּחֲלִילִ֖ים יֶהֱמֶ֑ה עַל־כֵּ֛ן יִתְרַ֥ת עָשָׂ֖ה אָבָֽדוּ׃", "text": "Therefore *libbî* for *mōʾāb* like *ḥalilîm* *yehĕmeh* and *libbî* to *ʾanšê* *qîr-ḥereś* like *ḥalîlîm* *yehĕmeh* therefore *yitrat* *ʿāśâ* *ʾābādû*", "grammar": { "*libbî*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - my heart", "*mōʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*ḥalilîm*": "noun, masculine plural - flutes/pipes", "*yehĕmeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it moans/sounds", "*libbî*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - my heart", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural, construct - men of", "*qîr-ḥereś*": "compound proper noun - Kir-heres (city)", "*ḥalîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - flutes/pipes", "*yehĕmeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it moans/sounds", "*yitrat*": "noun, feminine singular, construct - abundance of", "*ʿāśâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made/acquired", "*ʾābādû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have perished" }, "variants": { "*libbî*": "my heart/inner self/mind", "*ḥalilîm*": "flutes/pipes/wind instruments", "*yehĕmeh*": "moans/sounds/groans/wails", "*ʾanšê*": "men/people/inhabitants", "*yitrat*": "abundance/excess/surplus", "*ʿāśâ*": "he made/acquired/gained", "*ʾābādû*": "they have perished/been destroyed/lost" } } 37 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.37", "source": "כִּ֤י כָל־רֹאשׁ֙ קָרְחָ֔ה וְכָל־זָקָ֖ן גְּרֻעָ֑ה עַ֤ל כָּל־יָדַ֙יִם֙ גְּדֻדֹ֔ת וְעַל־מָתְנַ֖יִם שָֽׂק׃", "text": "Because every *rōʾš* *qorḥâ* and every *zāqān* *geruʿâ* upon all *yādayim* *gedudōt* and upon *motnayim* *śāq*", "grammar": { "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head", "*qorḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - baldness", "*zāqān*": "noun, masculine singular - beard", "*geruʿâ*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - cut off/clipped", "*yādayim*": "noun, feminine dual - hands", "*gedudōt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - cut/gashed", "*motnayim*": "noun, masculine dual - loins/waist", "*śāq*": "noun, masculine singular - sackcloth" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš*": "head/top/chief", "*qorḥâ*": "baldness/bald spot", "*zāqān*": "beard/chin", "*geruʿâ*": "cut off/clipped/diminished", "*yādayim*": "hands/arms", "*gedudōt*": "cut/gashed/with incisions", "*motnayim*": "loins/waist/hips", "*śāq*": "sackcloth/mourning garment" } } 38 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.38", "source": "עַ֣ל כָּל־גַּגּ֥וֹת מוֹאָ֛ב וּבִרְחֹבֹתֶ֖יהָ כֻּלֹּ֣ה מִסְפֵּ֑ד כִּֽי־שָׁבַ֣רְתִּי אֶת־מוֹאָ֗ב כִּכְלִ֛י אֵֽין־חֵ֥פֶץ בּ֖וֹ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "Upon all *gaggôt* *mōʾāb* and in *birḥōbōteyhā* all of it *mispēd* because *šābartî* *ʾet-mōʾāb* like *kelî* *ʾên-ḥēpeṣ* in it *neʾum-YHWH*", "grammar": { "*gaggôt*": "noun, masculine plural, construct - roofs of", "*mōʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*birḥōbōteyhā*": "noun with possessive suffix and prefix, feminine plural - in its streets", "*mispēd*": "noun, masculine singular - lamentation/wailing", "*šābartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I have broken", "*ʾet-mōʾāb*": "direct object marker with proper noun - Moab", "*kelî*": "noun, masculine singular - vessel/implement", "*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "construct chain - no delight/pleasure", "*neʾum-YHWH*": "construct chain - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*gaggôt*": "roofs/housetops", "*birḥōbōteyhā*": "in its streets/squares/open places", "*mispēd*": "lamentation/wailing/mourning", "*šābartî*": "I have broken/shattered/smashed", "*kelî*": "vessel/implement/utensil", "*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "no delight/no pleasure/not desired", "*neʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } } 39 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.39", "source": "אֵ֥יךְ חַ֙תָּה֙ הֵילִ֔ילוּ אֵ֛יךְ הִפְנָה־עֹ֥רֶף מוֹאָ֖ב בּ֑וֹשׁ וְהָיָ֥ה מוֹאָ֛ב לִשְׂחֹ֥ק וְלִמְחִתָּ֖ה לְכָל־סְבִיבָֽיו׃ ס", "text": "How *ḥattāh* *hēylîlû*! How *hiphənāh-ʿōreph* *Môʾāb* *bôsh*! *wə-hāyāh* *Môʾāb* for *śəḥōq* and for *məḥittāh* to all *səbîbāyw*.", "grammar": { "*ḥattāh*": "3rd person feminine singular perfect - is broken/shattered/dismayed", "*hēylîlû*": "imperative plural - wail/howl", "*hiphənāh-ʿōreph*": "3rd person singular Hiphil perfect with noun - has turned (the) neck/back", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*bôsh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect - is ashamed/put to shame", "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction with 3rd person masculine singular perfect - and has become", "*śəḥōq*": "masculine singular noun - derision/laughter/mockery", "*məḥittāh*": "feminine singular noun - terror/dismay/ruin", "*səbîbāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its surroundings/neighbors" }, "variants": { "*ḥattāh*": "is broken/is shattered/is dismayed/is terrified", "*hēylîlû*": "wail/howl/lament", "*hiphənāh-ʿōreph*": "turned the back/fled/retreated", "*bôsh*": "is ashamed/is disgraced/is humiliated", "*məḥittāh*": "terror/dismay/ruin/object of horror" } }
• Isa 21:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.21.3", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֗ן מָלְא֤וּ מָתְנַי֙ חַלְחָלָ֔ה צִירִ֣ים אֲחָז֔וּנִי כְּצִירֵ֖י יֽוֹלֵדָ֑ה נַעֲוֵ֣יתִי מִשְּׁמֹ֔עַ נִבְהַ֖לְתִּי מֵרְאֽוֹת׃", "text": "upon-thus *mālə'ū* my *motnay* *ḥalḥālāh* *ṣîrîm* *'aḥazūnî* like *ṣîrê* *yôlēdāh* *na'awêtî* from *šəmōa'* *nibhaltî* from *rə'ôt*", "grammar": { "*mālə'ū*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they are filled/became full", "*motnay*": "noun, masculine dual with 1st person singular suffix - my loins/waist", "*ḥalḥālāh*": "noun, feminine singular - anguish/writhing pain", "*ṣîrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - pangs/pains", "*'aḥazūnî*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural with 1st person singular suffix - they seized me", "*ṣîrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - pangs of", "*yôlēdāh*": "verb participle, qal active, feminine singular - woman giving birth", "*na'awêtî*": "verb, niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I am bent/twisted/distorted", "*šəmōa'*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with prefix min - from hearing", "*nibhaltî*": "verb, niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I am terrified/dismayed", "*rə'ôt*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with prefix min - from seeing" }, "variants": { "*ḥalḥālāh*": "anguish/writhing/cramps/pain", "*na'awêtî*": "I am bent over/I am twisted/I am distorted", "*nibhaltî*": "I am terrified/I am dismayed/I am overwhelmed with fear" } }