Verse 32

{ "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.32", "source": "וְעַתָּ֣ה אֱ֠לֹהֵינוּ הָאֵ֨ל הַגָּד֜וֹל הַגִּבּ֣וֹר וְהַנּוֹרָא֮ שׁוֹמֵ֣ר הַבְּרִ֣ית וְהַחֶסֶד֒ אַל־יִמְעַ֣ט לְפָנֶ֡יךָ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַתְּלָאָ֣ה אֽ͏ֲשֶׁר־מְ֠צָאַתְנוּ לִמְלָכֵ֨ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֧ינוּ וּלְכֹהֲנֵ֛ינוּ וְלִנְבִיאֵ֥נוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ וּלְכָל־עַמֶּ֑ךָ מִימֵי֙ מַלְכֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-now, *ʾĕlōhênû*, *hā-ʾēl* *hag-gāḏôl* *hag-gibbôr* *wə-han-nôrāʾ*, *šômēr* *hab-bərîṯ* *wə-ha-ḥeseḏ*, not-*yimʿaṭ* before-you *ʾēṯ* all-*hat-təlāʾāh* which-*məṣāʾaṯnû* to-*məlāḵênû* to-*śārênû* and-to-*kōhănênû* and-to-*nəḇîʾênû* and-to-*ʾăḇōṯênû* and-to-all-*ʿammeḵā* from-days-of *malḵê* *ʾaššûr* until the-*yôm* *haz-zeh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*hā-ʾēl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the God", "*hag-gāḏôl*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the great", "*hag-gibbôr*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the mighty", "*wə-han-nôrāʾ*": "conjunction + definite article + Niphal participle masculine singular - and the awesome/feared", "*šômēr*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - keeper of", "*hab-bərîṯ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the covenant", "*wə-ha-ḥeseḏ*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the lovingkindness", "*ʾal-yimʿaṭ*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let not seem small", "*lə-pānêḵā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker - (untranslated)", "*kāl-hat-təlāʾāh*": "noun + definite article + feminine singular noun - all the hardship/trouble", "*ʾăšer-məṣāʾaṯnû*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person plural suffix - which has found us", "*li-məlāḵênû*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - to our kings", "*lə-śārênû*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - to our princes/officials", "*û-lə-kōhănênû*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - and to our priests", "*wə-li-nəḇîʾênû*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - and to our prophets", "*wə-la-ʾăḇōṯênû*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - and to our fathers", "*û-lə-ḵāl-ʿammeḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and to all your people", "*mî-mê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct noun - from days of", "*malḵê*": "masculine plural construct noun - kings of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*hay-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day", "*haz-zeh*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God/our deity", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*gāḏôl*": "great/large/mighty", "*gibbôr*": "mighty/strong/powerful", "*nôrāʾ*": "awesome/fearful/terrible", "*šômēr*": "keeper/guardian/one who keeps", "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/pact", "*ḥeseḏ*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy", "*yimʿaṭ*": "seem small/be insignificant/be regarded lightly", "*təlāʾāh*": "hardship/travail/trouble", "*məṣāʾaṯnû*": "found us/befallen us/happened to us", "*məlāḵênû*": "our kings/our monarchs/our rulers", "*śārênû*": "our princes/our officials/our leaders", "*kōhănênû*": "our priests/our ministers", "*nəḇîʾênû*": "our prophets/our seers", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "our fathers/our ancestors/our forefathers", "*ʿammeḵā*": "your people/your nation", "*malḵê*": "kings of/rulers of", "*ʾaššûr*": "Assyria/Asshur", "*yôm*": "day/time/period" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Nå, vår Gud, den store og mektige og forferdelige Gud som holder fast ved pakten og din kjærlighet, se i nåde til all den nød som har rammet oss, våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, profetene våre, våre forfedre og hele ditt folk fra assyrerkongenes tid til denne dag.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Nå, vår Gud, den store, mektige og fryktinngytende Gud, som holder pakt og nåde, la ikke all den nød som har kommet over oss, våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre og hele ditt folk siden dagene til Assyrias konger fram til denne dag, virke liten for deg.

• Norsk King James

  La derfor, vår Gud, den store, mektige og fryktinngytende Gud, som holder pakt og viser barmhjertighet, la ikke all denne nøden virke liten for deg, som har kommet over oss, over våre konger, over våre høvdinger, over våre prester, over våre profeter, over våre fedre, og over alt ditt folk, fra Assyriakongene til i dag.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Så nå, vår Gud, du store, mektige og forferdelige Gud som holder pakten og viser miskunn, la ikke all denne lidelsen virke mindre i dine øyne som har rammet oss, våre konger, fyrster, prester, profeter, fedre og hele ditt folk, fra assyrerkongenes dager til i dag.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Nå, vår Gud, den store Gud, mektig og fryktinngytende, som holder pakten og nåden, la ikke alt dette onde som har rammet oss virke lite for deg, det som har rammet våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre og hele ditt folk fra assyrerkongenes dager til denne dag.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Nå derfor, vår Gud, den store, den mektige, og den fryktinngytende Gud, som holder pakt og viser nåde, la ikke all den nød som har kommet over oss virke liten for deg, over våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre, og hele ditt folk, fra kongene i Assyrias dager til denne dagen.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Nå, vår Gud, den store, den mektige og den fryktinngytende, som holder sin pakt og sin miskunn, la ikke all den elendighet som har rammet oss – våre konger, prinser, prester, profeter, fedre og alt ditt folk, siden kongene i Assyria til i dag – virke liten for deg.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Nå derfor, vår Gud, den store, den mektige, og den fryktinngytende Gud, som holder pakt og viser nåde, la ikke all den nød som har kommet over oss virke liten for deg, over våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre, og hele ditt folk, fra kongene i Assyrias dager til denne dagen.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Og nå, vår Gud, du store, mektige og fryktinngytende Gud, som holder pakt og kjærlighet, la ikke all denne nøden som har kommet over oss – våre konger, ledere, prester, profeter, forfedre og hele folket – fra assyrerkongenes dager til i dag, synes liten for ditt ansikt.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Now therefore, our God, the great, mighty, and awesome God who keeps His covenant and steadfast love, do not let the hardship that has come upon us—on our kings, leaders, priests, prophets, ancestors, and on all Your people, from the days of the kings of Assyria until today—seem insignificant to You.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Og nå, vår Gud, den store, mektige og fryktinngytende Gud, som holder pakten og viser miskunn, måtte ikke all den lidelse som har rammet oss, våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre og hele ditt folk siden assyrkonget tiden til i dag, synes for liten for deg.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og nu, vor Gud! du store, mægtige og forfærdelige Gud, som holder Pagten og Miskundheden, lad ikke al den Møie være ringe agtet for dit Ansigt, som haver rammet os, vore Konger, vore Fyrster og vore Præster og vore Propheter og vore Fædre og dit ganske Folk, fra Kongerne af Assyriens Dage af indtil denne Dag.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the terrible God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the trouble seem little before thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Nå derfor, vår Gud, du store, mektige og forferdelige Gud, som holder pakten og viser miskunnhet, se ikke på all den nød som har kommet over oss – våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre og hele ditt folk – som noe lite, fra assyrerkongenes dager til denne dag.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awesome God, who keeps covenant and mercy, do not let all the hardship seem little before You that has come upon us, our kings, our princes, our priests, our prophets, our forefathers, and all Your people, from the days of the kings of Assyria until this day.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the terrible God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the trouble seem little before thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Nå altså, vår Gud, den store, den mektige og den forferdelige Gud, som holder pakten og viser kjærlighet: Ikke la all den nød som har rammet oss, våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre og hele ditt folk, siden assyrerkongene fram til denne dag, synes liten for deg.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Og nå, vår Gud, den store, mektige og fryktinngytende Gud, som holder pakten og nåden, la ikke alt det som er overgått oss synes lite for Deg – våre konger, våre høvdinger, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre og hele Ditt folk, fra kongene i Assurs dager til denne dag.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Nå derfor, vår Gud, den store, den mektige og fryktinngytende Gud, som holder pakten og viser barmhjertighet, la ikke alt strevet virke lite for deg, det som har kommet over oss, over våre konger, våre fyrster, våre prester, våre profeter, våre fedre og hele ditt folk, fra assyrerkongenes tid til denne dag.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Og nå, vår Gud, den store, den sterke, Gud som er verdig frykt, som holder fast på tro og nåde, la ikke all denne nøden være uviktig for deg, som har kommet over oss, og våre konger og våre herskere og våre prester og våre profeter og våre fedre, og på alt ditt folk fra assyrernes konger til denne dag.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Now oure God, thou greate God, mightie and terrible, thou that kepest couenaunt and mercy, regarde not a litle all the trauayle yt hath happened vnto vs, & oure kynges, prynces, prestes, prophetes, fathers & all thy people, sence the tyme of the kynges of Assur vnto this daie.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Nowe therefore our God, thou great God, mightie and terrible, that keepest couenant and mercie, let not all the affliction that hath come vnto vs, seeme a litle before thee, that is, to our Kings, to our princes, and to our Priests, and to our Prophets, and to our fathers, and to all thy people since the time of the Kings of Asshur vnto this day.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Now therfore our God, thou great God mightie and terrible, thou that kepest couenaunt and mercie, regarde not a litle al the trauaile that hath come vnto vs, and our kinges, our princes, our priestes, our prophetes, and our fathers, and all the people since the time of the kinges of Assur, vnto this day.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the terrible God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the trouble seem little before thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awesome God, who keep covenant and loving kindness, don't let all the travail seem little before you, that has come on us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all your people, since the time of the kings of Assyria to this day.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And now, O our God -- God, the great, the mighty, and the fearful, keeping the covenant and the kindness -- let not all the travail that hath found us be little before Thee, for our kings, for our heads, and for our priests, and for our prophets, and for our fathers, and for all Thy people, from the days of the kings of Asshur unto this day;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the terrible God, who keepest covenant and lovingkindness, let not all the travail seem little before thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And now, our God, the great, the strong, the God who is to be feared, who keeps faith and mercy, let not all this trouble seem small to you, which has come on us, and on our kings and our rulers and on our priests and our prophets and our fathers and on all your people from the time of the kings of Assyria till this day.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awesome God, who keeps covenant and loving kindness, don't let all the travail seem little before you, that has come on us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all your people, since the time of the kings of Assyria to this day.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “So now, our God– the great, powerful, and awesome God, who keeps covenant fidelity– do not regard as inconsequential all the hardship that has befallen us– our kings, our leaders, our priests, our prophets, our ancestors, and all your people– from the days of the kings of Assyria until this very day!

Referenced Verses

• 2 Kgs 17:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.3", "source": "עָלָ֣יו עָלָ֔ה שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֖סֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֑וּר וַֽיְהִי־ל֤וֹ הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙ עֶ֔בֶד וַיָּ֥שֶׁב ל֖וֹ מִנְחָֽה׃", "text": "Against-him *ʿālāh* *shalmaneʾeser* *melek* *ʾashshūr*, *wə*-*yəhî*-to-him *hōshēaʿ* *ʿebed*, *wə*-*yāsheb* to-him *minḥāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition *ʿal* with 3rd masculine singular suffix - against him", "*ʿālāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he went up/came up", "*shalmaneʾeser*": "proper noun - Shalmaneser", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾashshūr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yəhî*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he became", "*lō*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*hōshēaʿ*": "proper noun - Hoshea", "*ʿebed*": "noun, masculine singular - servant/vassal", "*yāsheb*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he brought back/returned", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - tribute/gift/offering" }, "variants": { "*ʿālāh*": "went up/came up/attacked", "*ʿebed*": "servant/vassal/slave", "*yāsheb*": "brought back/returned/paid/rendered", "*minḥāh*": "tribute/present/gift/offering" } }
• Neh 1:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.1.5", "source": "וָאֹמַ֗ר אָֽנָּ֤א יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם הָאֵ֥ל הַגָּד֖וֹל וְהַנּוֹרָ֑א שֹׁמֵ֤ר הַבְּרִית֙ וָחֶ֔סֶד לְאֹהֲבָ֖יו וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י מִצְוֺתָֽיו׃", "text": "*wā-ʾōmar* *ʾānnāʾ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ha-šāmayim* *hā-ʾēl* *ha-gādôl* and-*ha-nôrāʾ* *šōmēr* *ha-bərît* and-*ḥesed* to-*ʾōhăbāyw* and-to-*šōmərê* *miṣwōtāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʾānnāʾ*": "interjection - I pray/please/oh", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*ha-šāmayim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the heavens", "*hā-ʾēl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the God", "*ha-gādôl*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the great", "*ha-nôrāʾ*": "definite article + niphal participle, masculine singular - the awesome/fearsome", "*šōmēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - keeping/preserving", "*ha-bərît*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the covenant", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/mercy/steadfast love", "*ʾōhăbāyw*": "qal participle, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovers/those who love him", "*šōmərê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - keepers of", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his commandments" }, "variants": { "*ʾānnāʾ*": "oh/I pray/please/we beseech you", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*nôrāʾ*": "awesome/fearsome/terrible/dreadful", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/lovingkindness/mercy/faithfulness", "*šōmēr*": "keeping/preserving/maintaining/guarding" } }
• Deut 7:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.9", "source": "וְיָ֣דַעְתָּ֔ כִּֽי־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ ה֣וּא הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֑ים הָאֵל֙ הַֽנֶּאֱמָ֔ן שֹׁמֵ֧ר הַבְּרִ֣ית וְהַחֶ֗סֶד לְאֹהֲבָ֛יו וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י מִצְוֺתָ֖יו לְאֶ֥לֶף דּֽוֹר׃", "text": "And you *yādaʿtā* that *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* he is *hāʾĕlōhîm*, *hāʾēl* *hanneʾĕmān*, *šōmēr* the *bərît* and the *ḥesed* to *ʾōhăvāyw* and to *šōmərê* his *miṣwōtāyw* to a thousand *dôr*.", "grammar": { "*yādaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall know", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article + noun masculine plural - the God/the true God", "*hāʾēl*": "article + noun masculine singular - the God/the deity", "*hanneʾĕmān*": "article + Niphal participle masculine singular - the faithful one", "*šōmēr*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - keeper of", "*bərît*": "noun feminine singular - covenant", "*ḥesed*": "noun masculine singular - steadfast love/loyalty", "*ʾōhăvāyw*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - those loving him", "*šōmərê*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct - keepers of", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "noun feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his commandments", "*dôr*": "noun masculine singular - generation" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿtā*": "know/recognize/acknowledge", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the God/the true God/the deity", "*hāʾēl*": "the God/the Mighty One", "*hanneʾĕmān*": "the faithful one/the trustworthy one/the reliable one", "*šōmēr*": "keeper of/one who keeps/one who preserves", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/loyalty/faithfulness/kindness", "*ʾōhăvāyw*": "those loving him/those who love him", "*šōmərê*": "keepers of/observers of/those who keep", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "his commandments/his precepts/his ordinances", "*dôr*": "generation/age/period" } }
• Deut 7:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.21", "source": "לֹ֥א תַעֲרֹ֖ץ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ בְּקִרְבֶּ֔ךָ אֵ֥ל גָּד֖וֹל וְנוֹרָֽא׃", "text": "Not *taʿărōṣ* from their faces, for *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* is in your *qirbêkā*, *ʾēl* *gādôl* and *nôrāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*taʿărōṣ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall be terrified", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*qirbêkā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*ʾēl*": "noun masculine singular - God/deity", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great/mighty", "*nôrāʾ*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - feared/awesome" }, "variants": { "*taʿărōṣ*": "be terrified/dread/be frightened", "*qirbêkā*": "your midst/among you/within you", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*gādôl*": "great/mighty/powerful", "*nôrāʾ*": "feared/awesome/terrible" } }
• 2 Kgs 15:19 : 19 { "verseID": "2 Kings.15.19", "source": "בָּ֣א פ֤וּל מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וַיִּתֵּ֤ן מְנַחֵם֙ לְפ֔וּל אֶ֖לֶף כִּכַּר־כָּ֑סֶף לִהְי֤וֹת יָדָיו֙ אִתּ֔וֹ לְהַחֲזִ֥יק הַמַּמְלָכָ֖ה בְּיָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Baʾ* *Pul* *melek*-*ʾAshshur* against-the *ʾarets*, and *yitten* *Mənaḥem* to *Pul* thousand *kikkar*-*kaseph* to *lihyot* *yadaw* with him, to *haḥaziq* the *mamlakah* in *yado*.", "grammar": { "*Baʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came", "*Pul*": "proper name - Pul", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾAshshur*": "proper name - Assyria", "*ʾarets*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the land", "*yitten*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - gave", "*Mənaḥem*": "proper name - Menahem", "*kikkar*": "construct state, feminine singular - talent of", "*kaseph*": "masculine singular - silver", "*lihyot*": "qal infinitive construct with prefix - to be", "*yadaw*": "feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*haḥaziq*": "hiphil infinitive construct with prefix - to strengthen", "*mamlakah*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the kingdom", "*yado*": "feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand" }, "variants": { "*Pul*": "Pul (Tiglath-Pileser III)", "*kikkar*": "talent (unit of weight/money)", "*haḥaziq*": "to strengthen/to establish/to hold firm" } }
• 2 Kgs 15:29 : 29 { "verseID": "2 Kings.15.29", "source": "בִּימֵ֞י פֶּ֣קַח מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל בָּא֮ תִּגְלַ֣ת פִּלְאֶסֶר֮ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁוּר֒ וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־עִיּ֡וֹן וְאֶת־אָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֡ה וְאֶת־יָ֠נוֹחַ וְאֶת־קֶ֨דֶשׁ וְאֶת־חָצ֤וֹר וְאֶת־הַגִּלְעָד֙ וְאֶת־הַגָּלִ֔ילָה כֹּ֖ל אֶ֣רֶץ נַפְתָּלִ֑י וַיַּגְלֵ֖ם אַשּֽׁוּרָה׃", "text": "In *yəme* *Peqaḥ* *melek*-*Yisraʾel* *baʾ* *Tiglat Pilʾeser* *melek* *ʾAshshur*, and *yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʿIyyon* and *ʾet*-*ʾAbel Bet*-*Maʿakah* and *ʾet*-*Yanoaḥ* and *ʾet*-*Qedesh* and *ʾet*-*Ḥatsor* and *ʾet*-the *Gilʿad* and *ʾet*-the *Galilah*, all *ʾerets* *Naphtali*; and *yaglēm* *ʾAshshurah*.", "grammar": { "*yəme*": "construct state, masculine plural - days of", "*Peqaḥ*": "proper name - Pekah", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*Yisraʾel*": "proper name - Israel", "*baʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came", "*Tiglat Pilʾeser*": "proper name - Tiglath-Pileser", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾAshshur*": "proper name - Assyria", "*yiqqaḥ*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - took", "*ʿIyyon*": "proper name - Ijon", "*ʾAbel Bet*-*Maʿakah*": "proper name - Abel Beth Maacah", "*Yanoaḥ*": "proper name - Janoah", "*Qedesh*": "proper name - Kedesh", "*Ḥatsor*": "proper name - Hazor", "*Gilʿad*": "definite proper name - the Gilead", "*Galilah*": "definite proper name - the Galilee", "*ʾerets*": "construct state, feminine singular - land of", "*Naphtali*": "proper name - Naphtali", "*yaglēm*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - exiled them", "*ʾAshshurah*": "proper name with directional he - to Assyria" }, "variants": { "*yaglēm*": "exiled them/carried them away captive", "*ʾAshshurah*": "to Assyria/Asshur" } }
• 1 Kgs 8:23 : 23 { "verseID": "1 Kings.8.23", "source": "וַיֹּאמַ֗ר יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֵין־כָּמ֣וֹךָ אֱלֹהִ֔ים בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם מִמַּ֔עַל וְעַל־הָאָ֖רֶץ מִתָּ֑חַת שֹׁמֵ֤ר הַבְּרִית֙ וְֽהַחֶ֔סֶד לַעֲבָדֶ֕יךָ הַהֹלְכִ֥ים לְפָנֶ֖יךָ בְּכָל־לִבָּֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl* none-like-you *ʾĕlōhîm* in-*haššāmayim* from-above and on-*hāʾāreṣ* from-beneath, *šōmēr* *habərîṯ* and-*haḥeseḏ* to-*laʿăḇāḏeḵā* *hahōləḵîm* before-you in-all-*libbām*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmar*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*kāmôḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - like you", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*baššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the heavens", "*mimmaʿal*": "preposition + adverb - from above", "*wəʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and on", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the earth", "*mittāḥaṯ*": "preposition + adverb - from beneath", "*šōmēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - keeping/one who keeps", "*habərîṯ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the covenant", "*wəhaḥeseḏ*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the lovingkindness", "*laʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for your servants", "*hahōləḵîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones walking", "*ləp̄āneḵā*": "preposition + plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + construct - in all of", "*libbām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmar*": "and he said/spoke", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*šōmēr*": "keeping/preserving/maintaining", "*habərîṯ*": "the covenant/agreement/treaty", "*haḥeseḏ*": "the lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy", "*hahōləḵîm*": "those who walk/follow/conduct themselves", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner person" } }
• Lev 26:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.18", "source": "וְאִ֨ם־עַד־אֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י וְיָסַפְתִּי֙ לְיַסְּרָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-if-until-*ʾēlleh* not *tišmeʿû* to-me and-*yāsaptî* to-*yassĕrâ* *ʾetkem* *šebaʿ* upon-*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these", "*tišmeʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will listen", "*yāsaptî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will continue", "*yassĕrâ*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - to discipline", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*šebaʿ*": "numeral, feminine - seven", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*tišmeʿû*": "listen/obey/heed", "*yāsaptî*": "continue/add/increase", "*yassĕrâ*": "discipline/chastise/punish", "*šebaʿ*": "seven times/sevenfold", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*": "your sins/your offenses/your transgressions" } }
• Lev 26:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.21", "source": "וְאִם־תֵּֽלְכ֤וּ עִמִּי֙ קֶ֔רִי וְלֹ֥א תֹאב֖וּ לִשְׁמֹ֣עַֽ לִ֑י וְיָסַפְתִּ֤י עֲלֵיכֶם֙ מַכָּ֔ה שֶׁ֖בַע כְּחַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And if *wə-ʾim*-*tēləḵû* *ʿimmî* *qerî* and *wə-lōʾ* *ṯōʾḇû* *lišmōaʿ* to me *lî* and *wə-yāsap̄tî* upon you *ʿălêḵem* *makkâ* *šeḇaʿ* according to *kə-ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*tēləḵû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will walk/go", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*qerî*": "masculine singular noun - contrary/hostile encounter", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯōʾḇû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be willing", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to listen/hear/obey", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*wə-yāsap̄tî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will add/increase", "*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*makkâ*": "feminine singular noun - blow/strike/plague", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*kə-ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - according to your sins" }, "variants": { "*tēləḵû*": "walk/go/behave", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*ṯōʾḇû*": "be willing/consent/agree", "*lišmōaʿ*": "to hear/listen/obey", "*yāsap̄tî*": "add/increase/continue", "*makkâ*": "blow/stroke/plague", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } }
• Lev 26:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.24", "source": "וְהָלַכְתִּ֧י אַף־אֲנִ֛י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בְּקֶ֑רִי וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ גַּם־אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-hālaḵtî* also *ʾap̄* I *ʾănî* with you *ʿimmāḵem* in *bə-qerî* and *wə-hikkêṯî* you *ʾeṯḵem* also *gam* I *ʾānî* *šeḇaʿ* for *ʿal*-*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hālaḵtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will walk", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʿimmāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*bə-qerî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in hostility", "*wə-hikkêṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will strike", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*gam*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for/because of", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*hālaḵtî*": "walk/go/behave", "*ʾap̄*": "also/even/indeed", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*hikkêṯî*": "strike/smite/hit", "*gam*": "also/moreover/even", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } }
• Lev 26:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.28", "source": "וְהָלַכְתִּ֥י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בַּחֲמַת־קֶ֑רִי וְיִסַּרְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ אַף־אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם׃", "text": "And *wə-hālaḵtî* with you *ʿimmāḵem* in *ba-ḥămaṯ*-*qerî* and *wə-yissartî* you *ʾeṯḵem* also *ʾap̄*-*ʾānî* *šeḇaʿ* for *ʿal*-*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hālaḵtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will walk", "*ʿimmāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*ba-ḥămaṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in fury of", "*qerî*": "masculine singular noun - hostility", "*wə-yissartî*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will chastise", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for/because of", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*hālaḵtî*": "walk/go/behave", "*ḥămaṯ*": "heat/fury/wrath", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*yissartî*": "chastise/discipline/punish", "*ʾap̄*": "also/even/indeed", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } }
• 2 Kgs 23:29 : 29 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.29", "source": "בְּיָמָ֡יו עָלָה֩ פַרְעֹ֨ה נְכֹ֧ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֛יִם עַל־מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּׁ֖וּר עַל־נְהַר־פְּרָ֑ת וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ לִקְרָאת֔וֹ וַיְמִיתֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּמְגִדּ֔וֹ כִּרְאֹת֖וֹ אֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "In-*yāmāyw* *ʿālâ* *parʿōh* *nᵊkōh* *melek*-*miṣrayim* against-*melek* *ʾaššûr* to-*nᵊhar*-*pᵊrāt* and-*yēlek* the-*melek* *yōʾšiyyāhû* to-meet-him and-*yᵊmîtēhû* in-*mᵊgiddô* when-seeing-him him.", "grammar": { "*yāmāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his days", "*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - he went up", "*parʿōh*": "noun, proper - Pharaoh", "*nᵊkōh*": "proper noun - Necho", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*nᵊhar*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - river of", "*pᵊrāt*": "proper noun - Euphrates", "*yēlek*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine with waw consecutive - and he went", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular - king", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Josiah", "*yᵊmîtēhû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he killed him", "*mᵊgiddô*": "proper noun - Megiddo" }, "variants": { "*yāmāyw*": "his days/his time/his reign", "*ʿālâ*": "went up/advanced/marched", "*nᵊhar*": "river/stream", "*yēlek*": "went/traveled/marched", "*yᵊmîtēhû*": "killed him/put him to death/slew him" } }
• 2 Kgs 23:33-34 : 33 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.33", "source": "וַיַּאַסְרֵהוּ֩ פַרְעֹ֨ה נְכֹ֤ה בְרִבְלָה֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֲמָ֔ת *במלך **מִמְּלֹ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וַיִּתֶּן־עֹ֙נֶשׁ֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ מֵאָ֥ה כִכַּר־כֶּ֖סֶף וְכִכַּ֥ר זָהָֽב׃", "text": "And-*yaʾasrēhû* *parʿōh* *nᵊkōh* in-*riblâ* in-*ʾereṣ* *ḥămāt* *mimᵊlōk* in-*yᵊrûšālaim* and-*yitten*-*ʿōneš* on-the-*ʾāreṣ* hundred *kikkar*-*kesep* and-*kikkar* *zāhāb*.", "grammar": { "*yaʾasrēhû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he bound him", "*parʿōh*": "noun, proper - Pharaoh", "*nᵊkōh*": "proper noun - Necho", "*riblâ*": "proper noun - Riblah", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*mimᵊlōk*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition min - from reigning", "*yᵊrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*yitten*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine with waw consecutive - and he imposed", "*ʿōneš*": "noun, masculine, singular - fine/penalty/tribute", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land", "*kikkar*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - talent of", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine, singular - silver", "*kikkar*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - talent of", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine, singular - gold" }, "variants": { "*yaʾasrēhû*": "bound him/imprisoned him/detained him", "*riblâ*": "Riblah (place name)", "*mimᵊlōk*": "from reigning/from ruling/to prevent him from ruling", "*yitten*": "imposed/placed/set", "*ʿōneš*": "fine/penalty/tribute/tax", "*kikkar*": "talent/circular weight (about 75 pounds)", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*zāhāb*": "gold" } } 34 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.34", "source": "וַיַּמְלֵךְ֩ פַּרְעֹ֨ה נְכֹ֜ה אֶת־אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֗הוּ תַּ֚חַת יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ אָבִ֔יו וַיַּסֵּ֥ב אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ יְהוֹיָקִ֑ים וְאֶת־יְהוֹאָחָ֣ז לָקָ֔ח וַיָּבֹ֥א מִצְרַ֖יִם וַיָּ֥מָת שָֽׁם׃", "text": "And *yamlēḵ* *parʿōh* *nĕḵōh* *ʾet*-*ʾelyāqîm* son-of-*yōʾšîyāhû* *taḥat* *yōʾšîyāhû* his-father, and *yassēb* *ʾet*-his-*šēm* *yĕhôyāqîm*; and *ʾet*-*yĕhôʾāḥāz* he-*lāqaḥ* and *yābōʾ* *miṣrayim* and *yāmāt* there.", "grammar": { "*yamlēḵ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he made king", "*parʿōh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - Pharaoh of", "*nĕḵōh*": "proper noun - Necho", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾelyāqîm*": "proper noun - Eliakim", "*yōʾšîyāhû*": "proper noun - Josiah", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of, in place of", "*yassēb*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he changed", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*yĕhôyāqîm*": "proper noun - Jehoiakim", "*yĕhôʾāḥāz*": "proper noun - Jehoahaz", "*lāqaḥ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he took", "*yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he came/went", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*yāmāt*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he died" }, "variants": { "*yamlēḵ*": "made king/appointed as king/caused to reign", "*taḥat*": "instead of/in place of/in substitution for", "*yassēb*": "changed/turned/transformed", "*lāqaḥ*": "took/seized/captured", "*yābōʾ*": "came/went/entered", "*yāmāt*": "died/perished" } }
• 2 Kgs 25:7 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.7", "source": "וְאֶת־בְּנֵי֙ צִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ שָׁחֲט֖וּ לְעֵינָ֑יו וְאֶת־עֵינֵ֤י צִדְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ עִוֵּ֔ר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּ בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "And *ʾet* *bənê* *ṣidqîyāhû* *šāḥăṭû* to *ʿênayim* his and *ʾet* *ʿênê* *ṣidqîyāhû* *ʿiwwēr* and *yaʾasrēhû* in the *nəḥuštayim* and *yəḇiʾēhû* *bāḇel*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*šāḥăṭû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they slaughtered", "*ʿênayim*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - eyes his", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*ʿiwwēr*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel stem - he blinded", "*yaʾasrēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they bound him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "noun, feminine dual with definite article - the bronze fetters", "*yəḇiʾēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, hiphil stem with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they brought him", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*šāḥăṭû*": "slaughtered/killed/butchered", "*ʿiwwēr*": "blinded/made blind", "*nəḥuštayim*": "bronze fetters/bronze chains/shackles", "*yəḇiʾēhû*": "brought him/carried him/led him" } }
• 2 Kgs 25:18-21 : 18 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.18", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח רַב־טַבָּחִ֗ים אֶת־שְׂרָיָה֙ כֹּהֵ֣ן הָרֹ֔אשׁ וְאֶת־צְפַנְיָ֖הוּ כֹּהֵ֣ן מִשְׁנֶ֑ה וְאֶת־שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת שֹׁמְרֵ֥י הַסַּֽף׃", "text": "*wa*-*yiqqaḥ* *rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm* *ʾet*-*śərāyâh* *kōhēn* the-*rōʾš* *wə*-*ʾet*-*ṣəpanyāhû* *kōhēn* *mišneh* *wə*-*ʾet*-*šəlōšet* *šōmərê* the-*sap*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yiqqaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - took/seized", "*rab*": "noun, masculine construct - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - guards/executioners (lit: slaughterers)", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*śərāyâh*": "proper noun - Seraiah", "*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular - priest", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ṣəpanyāhû*": "proper noun - Zephaniah", "*mišneh*": "noun, masculine singular - second/deputy", "*šəlōšet*": "numeral, feminine construct - three of", "*šōmərê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - keepers of", "*sap*": "noun, masculine singular - threshold/doorway" }, "variants": { "*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*": "chief of the guard/captain of bodyguard/chief executioner", "*kōhēn* the-*rōʾš*": "chief priest/high priest", "*kōhēn* *mišneh*": "second priest/deputy priest", "*šōmərê* the-*sap*": "keepers of the threshold/doorkeepers/guardians of the entrance" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.19", "source": "וּמִן־הָעִ֡יר לָקַח֩ סָרִ֨יס אֶחָ֜ד אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־ה֥וּא פָקִ֣יד ׀ עַל־אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה וַחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה אֲנָשִׁ֜ים מֵרֹאֵ֤י פְנֵֽי־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִמְצְא֣וּ בָעִ֔יר וְאֵ֗ת הַסֹּפֵר֙ שַׂ֣ר הַצָּבָ֔א הַמַּצְבִּ֖א אֶת־עַ֣ם הָאָ֑רֶץ וְשִׁשִּׁ֥ים אִישׁ֙ מֵעַ֣ם הָאָ֔רֶץ הַֽנִּמְצְאִ֖ים בָּעִֽיר׃", "text": "*û*-from-the-*ʿîr* *lāqaḥ* *sārîs* *ʾeḥād* who-he *pāqîd* upon-*ʾanšê* the-*milḥāmâh* *wa*-*ḥămiššâh* *ʾănāšîm* from-*rōʾê* *pənê*-the-*melek* who *nimṣəʾû* in-the-*ʿîr* *wə*-*ʾēt* the-*sōpēr* *śar* the-*ṣābāʾ* the-*maṣbîʾ* *ʾet*-*ʿam* the-*ʾāreṣ* *wə*-*šiššîm* *ʾîš* from-*ʿam* the-*ʾāreṣ* the-*nimṣəʾîm* in-the-*ʿîr*.", "grammar": { "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*lāqaḥ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - took/seized", "*sārîs*": "noun, masculine singular - officer/eunuch", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one", "*pāqîd*": "noun, masculine singular - overseer/officer/appointed one", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*milḥāmâh*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥămiššâh*": "numeral, feminine - five", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*rōʾê*": "verb, qal participle masculine plural construct - seers of/who see", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*nimṣəʾû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - were found", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*sōpēr*": "noun, masculine singular - scribe/secretary", "*śar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - commander of", "*ṣābāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - army/host", "*maṣbîʾ*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - mustering/conscripting", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth/country", "*šiššîm*": "numeral - sixty", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*nimṣəʾîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - being found/who were found" }, "variants": { "*sārîs*": "officer/eunuch/court official", "*pāqîd*": "overseer/officer/appointee/commander", "*rōʾê* *pənê*-the-*melek*": "those who saw the king's face/royal advisors/courtiers", "*sōpēr* *śar* the-*ṣābāʾ*": "the scribe of the commander of the army/military secretary", "*maṣbîʾ*": "mustering/conscripting/enrolling", "*ʿam* the-*ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/civilian population" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.20", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֹתָ֔ם נְבוּזַרְאֲדָ֖ן רַב־טַבָּחִ֑ים וַיֹּ֧לֶךְ אֹתָ֛ם עַל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל רִבְלָֽתָה׃", "text": "*wa*-*yiqqaḥ* them *nəbûzarʾădān* *rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm* *wa*-*yōlek* them to-*melek* *bābel* *riblātâh*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yiqqaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - took/seized", "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "proper noun - Nebuzaradan", "*rab*": "noun, masculine construct - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - guards/executioners (lit: slaughterers)", "*yōlek*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - led/brought", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*riblātâh*": "proper noun with directional he - to Riblah" }, "variants": { "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "Nebuzaradan (Babylonian name)", "*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*": "chief of the guard/captain of bodyguard/chief executioner", "*riblātâh*": "to Riblah (city in Syria)" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.21", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ אֹתָם֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ בָּבֶ֧ל וַיְמִיתֵ֛ם בְּרִבְלָ֖ה בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֲמָ֑ת וַיִּ֥גֶל יְהוּדָ֖ה מֵעַ֥ל אַדְמָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wa*-*yak* them *melek* *bābel* *wa*-*yəmîtēm* in-*riblâh* in-*ʾereṣ* *ḥămāt* *wa*-*yigel* *yəhûdâh* from-upon *ʾadmātô*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yak*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - struck/killed", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*yəmîtēm*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - put them to death", "*riblâh*": "proper noun - Riblah", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*yigel*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - exiled/deported", "*yəhûdâh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʾadmātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land/soil" }, "variants": { "*yak*": "struck/killed/executed", "*yəmîtēm*": "put to death/killed/executed them", "*yigel*": "exiled/deported/carried away", "*ʾadmātô*": "his land/his soil/his territory/his native soil" } }
• 2 Kgs 25:25-26 : 25 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.25", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י בָּ֣א יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְ֠תַנְיָה בֶּן־אֱלִ֨ישָׁמָ֜ע מִזֶּ֣רַע הַמְּלוּכָ֗ה וַעֲשָׂרָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּכּ֥וּ אֶת־גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ וַיָּמֹ֑ת וְאֶת־הַיְּהוּדִים֙ וְאֶת־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־הָי֥וּ אִתּ֖וֹ בַּמִּצְפָּֽה׃", "text": "*wa*-*yəhî* in-the-*ḥōdeš* the-*šəbîʿî* *bāʾ* *yišmāʿēʾl* *ben*-*nətanyâh* *ben*-*ʾĕlîšāmāʿ* from-*zeraʿ* the-*məlûkâh* *wa*-*ʿăśārâh* *ʾănāšîm* with-him *wa*-*yakkû* *ʾet*-*gədalyāhû* *wa*-*yāmōt* *wə*-*ʾet*-the-*yəhûdîm* *wə*-*ʾet*-the-*kaśdîm* who-*hāyû* with-him in-the-*miṣpâh*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - it happened/came to pass", "*ḥōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - month", "*šəbîʿî*": "adjective, masculine singular - seventh", "*bāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - came", "*yišmāʿēʾl*": "proper noun - Ishmael", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*nətanyâh*": "proper noun - Nethaniah", "*ʾĕlîšāmāʿ*": "proper noun - Elishama", "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*məlûkâh*": "noun, feminine singular - royalty/royal family", "*ʿăśārâh*": "numeral, feminine - ten", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*yakkû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - struck/killed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gədalyāhû*": "proper noun - Gedaliah", "*yāmōt*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - died", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yəhûdîm*": "proper noun, plural - Jews", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, plural - Chaldeans", "*hāyû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - were", "*miṣpâh*": "proper noun - Mizpah" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "it happened/it came to pass/it occurred", "*ḥōdeš* the-*šəbîʿî*": "seventh month", "*zeraʿ* the-*məlûkâh*": "royal seed/royal offspring/royal family", "*yakkû*": "struck/killed/assassinated", "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians" } } 26 { "verseID": "2 Kings.25.26", "source": "וַיָּקֻ֨מוּ כָל־הָעָ֜ם מִקָּטֹ֤ן וְעַד־גָּדוֹל֙ וְשָׂרֵ֣י הַחֲיָלִ֔ים וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ מִצְרָ֑יִם כִּ֥י יָרְא֖וּ מִפְּנֵ֥י כַשְׂדִּֽים׃", "text": "*wa*-*yāqumû* all-the-*ʿām* from-*qāṭōn* *wə*-until-*gādôl* *wə*-*śārê* the-*ḥăyālîm* *wa*-*yābōʾû* *miṣrayim* because *yārəʾû* from-*pənê* *kaśdîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yāqumû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - arose/rose up", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*qāṭōn*": "adjective, masculine singular - small/young", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/old", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - captains/commanders of", "*ḥăyālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - forces/armies", "*yābōʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - came/went", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*yārəʾû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - feared/were afraid", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of/presence of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, plural - Chaldeans" }, "variants": { "*yāqumû*": "arose/rose up/got up/left", "from-*qāṭōn* *wə*-until-*gādôl*": "from small to great/young and old/everybody", "*śārê* the-*ḥăyālîm*": "captains of the forces/military commanders/army officers", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt", "*pənê* *kaśdîm*": "face of the Chaldeans/presence of Babylonians/before the Chaldeans" } }
• 2 Chr 36:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.1", "source": "וַיִּקְחוּ֙ עַם־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֶת־יְהוֹאָחָ֖ז בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ וַיַּמְלִיכֻ֥הוּ תַֽחַת־אָבִ֖יו בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And *wayyiqḥû* *ʿam-hāʾāreṣ* *ʾet-yəhôʾāḥāz* son-of-*yōʾšiyyāhû* and *wayyamlikuhû* in-place-of-his-father in-*yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqḥû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they took", "*ʿam-hāʾāreṣ*": "construct chain - people of the land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəhôʾāḥāz*": "proper noun, direct object", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper noun in construct state - Josiah", "*wayyamlikuhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they made him king", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʿam-hāʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/local inhabitants", "*wayyamlikuhû*": "they made him king/they caused him to reign/they enthroned him" } } 2 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.2", "source": "בֶּן־שָׁל֧וֹשׁ וְעֶשְׂרִ֛ים שָׁנָ֖ה יוֹאָחָ֣ז בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳדָשִׁ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "Son-of-*šālôš* and-*ʿeśrîm* *šānâ* *yôʾāḥāz* in-his-*mālĕkô* and-three *ḥŏdāšîm* *mālak* in-*yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*šālôš*": "cardinal number - three", "*ʿeśrîm*": "cardinal number - twenty", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*yôʾāḥāz*": "proper noun (alternate spelling of Jehoahaz)", "*bĕmālĕkô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his becoming king/when he began to reign", "*ḥŏdāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - months", "*mālak*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he reigned", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*bĕmālĕkô*": "when he became king/when he began to reign/in his kingship" } } 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.3", "source": "וַיְסִירֵ֥הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם בִּֽירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וַֽיַּעֲנֹשׁ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ מֵאָ֥ה כִכַּר־כֶּ֖סֶף וְכִכַּ֥ר זָהָֽב׃", "text": "And *wayĕsîrēhû* *melek-miṣrayim* in-*yərûšālāim* and *wayyaʿănōš* *ʾet-hāʾāreṣ* hundred *kikkar-kesep* and *kikkar* *zāhāb*", "grammar": { "*wayĕsîrēhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he removed him", "*melek-miṣrayim*": "construct chain - king of Egypt", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem", "*wayyaʿănōš*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he fined/penalized", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land (with definite article)", "*kikkar-kesep*": "construct chain - talent of silver", "*kikkar*": "construct noun - talent", "*zāhāb*": "masculine singular noun - gold" }, "variants": { "*wayĕsîrēhû*": "he removed him/he deposed him/he took him away", "*wayyaʿănōš*": "he fined/he penalized/he imposed tribute on" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.4", "source": "וַיַּמְלֵ֨ךְ מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֜יִם אֶת־אֶלְיָקִ֣ים אָחִ֗יו עַל־יְהוּדָה֙ וִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַיַּסֵּ֥ב אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ יְהוֹיָקִ֑ים וְאֶת־יוֹאָחָ֤ז אָחִיו֙ לָקַ֣ח נְכ֔וֹ וַיְבִיאֵ֖הוּ מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃ פ", "text": "And *wayyamlek* *melek-miṣrayim* *ʾet-ʾelyāqîm* his-brother over-*yəhûdâ* and-*yərûšālaim* and *wayyassēb* *ʾet*-his-name *yəhôyāqîm* and *ʾet-yôʾāḥāz* his-brother *lāqaḥ* *nəkô* and *wayəbîʾēhû* *miṣrāyəmâ*", "grammar": { "*wayyamlek*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he made king", "*melek-miṣrayim*": "construct chain - king of Egypt", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾelyāqîm*": "proper noun, direct object", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun with preposition - over Judah", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*wayyassēb*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he changed", "*yəhôyāqîm*": "proper noun - Jehoiakim", "*lāqaḥ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he took", "*nəkô*": "proper noun - Neco", "*wayəbîʾēhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he brought him", "*miṣrāyəmâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Egypt" }, "variants": { "*wayyamlek*": "he made king/he appointed as king/he caused to reign", "*wayyassēb*": "he changed/he turned/he transformed", "*miṣrāyəmâ*": "to Egypt/toward Egypt/into Egypt" } } 5 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.5", "source": "בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְחָמֵ֤שׁ שָׁנָה֙ יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים בְּמָלְכ֔וֹ וְאַחַ֤ת עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וַיַּ֣עַשׂ הָרַ֔ע בְּעֵינֵ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽיו׃", "text": "Son-of-*ʿeśrîm* and-*ḥāmēš* *šānâ* *yəhôyāqîm* in-his-*mālĕkô* and-one *ʿeśrēh* *šānâ* *mālak* in-*yərûšālāim* and *wayyaʿaś* *hāraʿ* in-eyes-of *yhwh* his-*ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʿeśrîm*": "cardinal number - twenty", "*ḥāmēš*": "cardinal number - five", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*yəhôyāqîm*": "proper noun - Jehoiakim", "*bĕmālĕkô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his becoming king", "*ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number - ten", "*mālak*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he reigned", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem", "*wayyaʿaś*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he did", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the evil", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his God" }, "variants": { "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/what was displeasing" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.6", "source": "עָלָ֣יו עָלָ֔ה נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּ֖ר מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֑ל וַיַּֽאַסְרֵ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם לְהֹלִיכ֖וֹ בָּבֶֽלָה׃", "text": "Against-him *ʿālâ* *nəbûkadneʾṣṣar* *melek* *bābel* and *wayaʾasrēhû* in-the-*nəḥuštayim* to-*hôlîkô* *bābelâ*", "grammar": { "*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he came up", "*nəbûkadneʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*wayaʾasrēhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he bound him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "dual noun with definite article - bronze fetters/chains", "*hôlîkô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to cause him to go/to lead him", "*bābelâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Babylon" }, "variants": { "*ʿālâ*": "came up/went up/attacked", "*wayaʾasrēhû*": "he bound him/he chained him/he imprisoned him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "bronze fetters/copper chains/bronze shackles" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.7", "source": "וּמִכְּלֵי֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה הֵבִ֥יא נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּ֖ר לְבָבֶ֑ל וַיִּתְּנֵ֥ם בְּהֵיכָל֖וֹ בְּבָבֶֽל׃", "text": "And-from-*kəlê* *bêt* *yhwh* *hēbîʾ* *nəbûkadneʾṣṣar* to-*bābel* and *wayyittənēm* in-his-*hêkālô* in-*bābel*", "grammar": { "*kəlê*": "masculine plural construct noun - vessels of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*hēbîʾ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he brought", "*nəbûkadneʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*bābel*": "proper noun with preposition - to Babylon", "*wayyittənēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he put them", "*hêkālô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his temple/palace", "*bābel*": "proper noun with preposition - in Babylon" }, "variants": { "*kəlê*": "vessels/articles/utensils/implements", "*hêkālô*": "his temple/his palace/his sanctuary" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.8", "source": "וְיֶתֶר֩ דִּבְרֵ֨י יְהֽוֹיָקִ֜ים וְתֹֽעֲבֹתָ֤יו אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂה֙ וְהַנִּמְצָ֣א עָלָ֔יו הִנָּ֣ם כְּתוּבִ֗ים עַל־סֵ֛פֶר מַלְכֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וִֽיהוּדָ֑ה וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ יְהוֹיָכִ֥ין בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃ פ", "text": "And-rest-of *dibrê* *yəhôyāqîm* and-his-*tôʿēbōtāyw* that-*ʿāśâ* and-the-*nimṣā* against-him *hinnām* *kətûbîm* on-*sēper* *malkê* *yiśrāʾēl* and-*yəhûdâ* and *wayyimlōk* *yəhôyākîn* his-son in-his-place", "grammar": { "*dibrê*": "masculine plural construct noun - words/acts/matters of", "*yəhôyāqîm*": "proper noun - Jehoiakim", "*tôʿēbōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his abominations", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he did", "*nimṣā*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - being found/what was found", "*hinnām*": "presentative particle + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - behold they", "*kətûbîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - written", "*sēper*": "masculine singular construct noun - book of", "*malkê*": "masculine plural construct noun - kings of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wayyimlōk*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he reigned", "*yəhôyākîn*": "proper noun - Jehoiachin" }, "variants": { "*dibrê*": "words/matters/affairs/acts", "*tôʿēbōtāyw*": "his abominations/his detestable acts/his repulsive deeds", "*nimṣā*": "found/discovered/brought to light" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.9", "source": "בֶּן־שְׁמוֹנֶ֤ה שָׁנִים֙ יְהוֹיָכִ֣ין בְּמָלְכ֔וֹ וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה חֳדָשִׁים֙ וַעֲשֶׂ֣רֶת יָמִ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "Son-of-*šəmôneh* *šānîm* *yəhôyākîn* in-his-*mālĕkô* and-three *ḥŏdāšîm* and-ten *yāmîm* *mālak* in-*yərûšālāim* and *wayyaʿaś* *hāraʿ* in-eyes-of *yhwh*", "grammar": { "*šəmôneh*": "cardinal number - eight", "*šānîm*": "feminine plural noun - years", "*yəhôyākîn*": "proper noun - Jehoiachin", "*bĕmālĕkô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his becoming king", "*ḥŏdāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - months", "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - days", "*mālak*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he reigned", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem", "*wayyaʿaś*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he did", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the evil", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD" }, "variants": { "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/what was displeasing" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.10", "source": "וְלִתְשׁוּבַ֣ת הַשָּׁנָ֗ה שָׁלַח֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ נְבֽוּכַדְנֶאצַ֔‪[t]‬ר וַיְבִאֵ֣הוּ בָבֶ֔לָה עִם־כְּלֵ֖י חֶמְדַּ֣ת בֵּית־יְהוָ֑ה וַיַּמְלֵךְ֙ אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ אָחִ֔יו עַל־יְהוּדָ֖ה וִֽירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃ פ", "text": "And-at-*təšûbat* the-*šānâ* *šālaḥ* the-*melek* *nəbûkadneʾṣṣar* and *wayəbîʾēhû* *bābelâ* with-*kəlê* *ḥemdat* *bêt-yhwh* and *wayyamlek* *ʾet-ṣidqiyyāhû* his-brother over-*yəhûdâ* and-*yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*təšûbat*": "feminine singular construct noun - return of", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the year", "*šālaḥ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he sent", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*nəbûkadneʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*wayəbîʾēhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he brought him", "*bābelâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Babylon", "*kəlê*": "masculine plural construct noun - vessels of", "*ḥemdat*": "feminine singular construct noun - desirable/precious things of", "*bêt-yhwh*": "construct chain - house of YHWH", "*wayyamlek*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he made king", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun with preposition - over Judah", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*təšûbat*": "return/turning/coming around of", "*ḥemdat*": "desirable/precious/valuable/treasured", "*wayyamlek*": "he made king/he appointed as king/he caused to reign" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.11", "source": "בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֧ים וְאַחַ֛ת שָׁנָ֖ה צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ בְמָלְכ֑וֹ וְאַחַ֤ת עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "Son-of-*ʿeśrîm* and-one *šānâ* *ṣidqiyyāhû* in-his-*mālĕkô* and-one *ʿeśrēh* *šānâ* *mālak* in-*yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*ʿeśrîm*": "cardinal number - twenty", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*bĕmālĕkô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his becoming king", "*ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number - ten", "*mālak*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he reigned", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*bĕmālĕkô*": "when he became king/when he began to reign/in his kingship" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.12", "source": "וַיַּ֣עַשׂ הָרַ֔ע בְּעֵינֵ֖י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֑יו לֹ֣א נִכְנַ֗ע מִלִּפְנֵ֛י יִרְמְיָ֥הוּ הַנָּבִ֖יא מִפִּ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿaś* *hāraʿ* in-eyes-of *yhwh* his-*ʾĕlōhîm* not *niknaʿ* from-before *yirmĕyāhû* the-*nābîʾ* from-mouth-of *yhwh*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿaś*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he did", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the evil", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his God", "*niknaʿ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he humbled himself", "*yirmĕyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*nābîʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the prophet", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD" }, "variants": { "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/what was displeasing", "*niknaʿ*": "humbled himself/submitted/bowed down" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.13", "source": "וְ֠גַם בַּמֶּ֤לֶךְ נְבֽוּכַדְנֶאצַּר֙ מָרָ֔ד אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁבִּיע֖וֹ בֵּֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיֶּ֤קֶשׁ אֶת־עָרְפּוֹ֙ וַיְאַמֵּ֣ץ אֶת־לְבָב֔וֹ מִשּׁ֕וּב אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-also against-the-*melek* *nəbûkadneʾṣṣar* he-*mārad* who *hišbîʿô* by-*ʾĕlōhîm* and *wayyeqeš* *ʾet*-his-*ʿorepô* and *wayĕʾammēṣ* *ʾet*-his-*lĕbābô* from-*šûb* to-*yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*nəbûkadneʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*mārad*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he rebelled", "*hišbîʿô*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he made him swear", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with preposition - by God", "*wayyeqeš*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he stiffened", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿorepô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neck", "*wayĕʾammēṣ*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he hardened", "*lĕbābô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*šûb*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - from turning", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*mārad*": "rebelled/revolted/was insubordinate", "*hišbîʿô*": "made him swear/put him under oath/caused him to take an oath", "*wayyeqeš*": "stiffened/hardened/made obstinate", "*wayĕʾammēṣ*": "hardened/strengthened/made stubborn" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.14", "source": "גַּ֠ם כָּל־שָׂרֵ֨י הַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים וְהָעָם֙ הִרְבּ֣וּ לִמְעָול־מַ֔עַל כְּכֹ֖ל תֹּעֲב֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַֽיְטַמְּאוּ֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִקְדִּ֖ישׁ בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "Also all-*śārê* the-*kōhănîm* and-the-*ʿām* *hirbû* to-*limĕʿôl-maʿal* like-all *tôʿăbôt* the-*gôyim* and *wayĕṭammĕʾû* *ʾet-bêt* *yhwh* which *hiqdîš* in-*yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct noun - chiefs/officials of", "*kōhănîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the priests", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*hirbû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they increased/multiplied", "*limĕʿôl-maʿal*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition + masculine singular noun - to act unfaithfully with unfaithfulness", "*tôʿăbôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - abominations of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations", "*wayĕṭammĕʾû*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they defiled", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*hiqdîš*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he sanctified", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*hirbû*": "increased/multiplied/did abundantly", "*limĕʿôl-maʿal*": "to act unfaithfully/to commit treachery/to transgress", "*tôʿăbôt*": "abominations/detestable practices/repulsive acts", "*wayĕṭammĕʾû*": "they defiled/they made unclean/they polluted" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.15", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֡ח יְהוָה֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י אֲבוֹתֵיהֶ֧ם עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם בְּיַ֥ד מַלְאָכָ֖יו הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם וְשָׁל֑וֹחַ כִּֽי־חָמַ֥ל עַל־עַמּ֖וֹ וְעַל־מְעוֹנֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* their-*ʾăbôtêhem* to-them by-hand-of his-*malʾākāyw* *haškēm* and-*šālôaḥ* because-he-*ḥāmal* on-his-*ʿammô* and-on-his-*mĕʿônô*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he sent", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - God of", "*ʾăbôtêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*malʾākāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his messengers", "*haškēm*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - rising early", "*šālôaḥ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - sending", "*ḥāmal*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he had compassion", "*ʿammô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*mĕʿônô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his dwelling place" }, "variants": { "*haškēm*": "rising early/persistently/repeatedly", "*šālôaḥ*": "sending/dispatching/commissioning", "*ḥāmal*": "had compassion/had pity/spared", "*mĕʿônô*": "his dwelling place/his habitation/his sanctuary" } } 16 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.16", "source": "וַיִּֽהְי֤וּ מַלְעִבִים֙ בְּמַלְאֲכֵ֣י הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וּבוֹזִ֣ים דְּבָרָ֔יו וּמִֽתַּעְתְּעִ֖ים בִּנְבִאָ֑יו עַ֠ד עֲל֧וֹת חֲמַת־יְהוָ֛ה בְּעַמּ֖וֹ עַד־לְאֵ֥ין מַרְפֵּֽא׃", "text": "And *wayyihyû* *malʿibîm* with-*malʾăkê* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* and-*bôzîm* his-*dĕbārāyw* and-*mitaʿtĕʿîm* with-his-*nĕbiʾāyw* until *ʿălôt* *ḥămat-yhwh* on-his-*ʿammô* until-to-no *marpēʾ*", "grammar": { "*wayyihyû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they were", "*malʿibîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine plural - mocking", "*malʾăkê*": "masculine plural construct noun - messengers of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God", "*bôzîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - despising", "*dĕbārāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his words", "*mitaʿtĕʿîm*": "Hitpael participle masculine plural - mocking/scoffing", "*nĕbiʾāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his prophets", "*ʿălôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - rising of", "*ḥămat-yhwh*": "construct chain - wrath of YHWH", "*ʿammô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*marpēʾ*": "masculine singular noun - healing/remedy" }, "variants": { "*malʿibîm*": "mocking/scoffing/ridiculing", "*bôzîm*": "despising/disdaining/holding in contempt", "*mitaʿtĕʿîm*": "mocking/scoffing/deriding", "*ḥămat*": "wrath/anger/fury" } } 17 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.17", "source": "וַיַּ֨עַל עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אֶת־מֶ֣לֶךְ *כשדיים **כַּשְׂדִּ֗ים וַיַּהֲרֹ֨ג בַּחוּרֵיהֶ֤ם בַּחֶ֙רֶב֙ בְּבֵ֣ית מִקְדָּשָׁ֔ם וְלֹ֥א חָמַ֛ל עַל־בָּח֥וּר וּבְתוּלָ֖ה זָקֵ֣ן וְיָשֵׁ֑שׁ הַכֹּ֖ל נָתַ֥ן בְּיָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿal* against-them *ʾet*-*melek* *kaśdîm* and *wayyahărōg* their-*baḥûrêhem* with-the-*ḥereb* in-*bêt* their-*miqdāšām* and-not *ḥāmal* on-*bāḥûr* and-*bĕtûlâ* *zāqēn* and-*yāšēš* the-all *nātan* in-his-hand", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿal*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans", "*wayyahărōg*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he killed", "*baḥûrêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their young men", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*miqdāšām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sanctuary", "*ḥāmal*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he had compassion", "*bāḥûr*": "masculine singular noun - young man", "*bĕtûlâ*": "feminine singular noun - virgin", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular adjective - old", "*yāšēš*": "masculine singular adjective - very aged", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave" }, "variants": { "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians", "*wayyahărōg*": "he killed/he slew/he put to death", "*ḥāmal*": "had compassion/spared/showed pity", "*yāšēš*": "very aged/decrepit/infirm" } } 18 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.18", "source": "וְ֠כֹל כְּלֵ֞י בֵּ֤ית הָאֱלֹהִים֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֣ים וְהַקְּטַנִּ֔ים וְאֹֽצְרוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְאֹצְר֥וֹת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וְשָׂרָ֑יו הַכֹּ֖ל הֵבִ֥יא בָבֶֽל׃", "text": "And-all *kəlê* *bêt* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* the-*gədōlîm* and-the-*qəṭannîm* and-*ʾōṣĕrôt* *bêt* *yhwh* and-*ʾōṣĕrôt* the-*melek* and-his-*śārāyw* the-all *hēbîʾ* *bābel*", "grammar": { "*kəlê*": "masculine plural construct noun - vessels of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God", "*gədōlîm*": "masculine plural adjective with definite article - the large", "*qəṭannîm*": "masculine plural adjective with definite article - the small", "*ʾōṣĕrôt*": "masculine plural construct noun - treasuries of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾōṣĕrôt*": "masculine plural construct noun - treasuries of", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*śārāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his officials", "*hēbîʾ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he brought", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*kəlê*": "vessels/articles/utensils", "*ʾōṣĕrôt*": "treasuries/storehouses/treasures" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.19", "source": "וַֽיִּשְׂרְפוּ֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַֽיְנַתְּצ֔וּ אֵ֖ת חוֹמַ֣ת יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְכָל־אַרְמְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ שָׂרְפ֣וּ בָאֵ֔שׁ וְכָל־כְּלֵ֥י מַחֲמַדֶּ֖יהָ לְהַשְׁחִֽית׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyiśrĕpû* *ʾet-bêt* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* and *waynatṣû* *ʾēt* *ḥômat* *yərûšālāim* and-all-her-*ʾarmĕnôtehā* *śārĕpû* with-the-*ʾēš* and-all-*kəlê* her-*maḥămaddehā* to-*hašḥît*", "grammar": { "*wayyiśrĕpû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they burned", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God", "*waynatṣû*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they broke down", "*ḥômat*": "feminine singular construct noun - wall of", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾarmĕnôtehā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her palaces", "*śārĕpû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they burned", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun with definite article and preposition - with the fire", "*kəlê*": "masculine plural construct noun - vessels of", "*maḥămaddehā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her desirable things", "*hašḥît*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy" }, "variants": { "*waynatṣû*": "they broke down/they tore down/they demolished", "*ʾarmĕnôtehā*": "her palaces/her citadels/her fortresses", "*maḥămaddehā*": "her desirable things/her precious articles/her valuable objects" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.20", "source": "וַיֶּ֛גֶל הַשְּׁאֵרִ֥ית מִן־הַחֶ֖רֶב אֶל־בָּבֶ֑ל וַֽיִּהְיוּ־ל֤וֹ וּלְבָנָיו֙ לַעֲבָדִ֔ים עַד־מְלֹ֖ךְ מַלְכ֥וּת פָּרָֽס׃", "text": "And *wayyegel* the-*šəʾērît* from-the-*ḥereb* to-*bābel* and *wayyihyû*-to-him and-to-his-sons for-*ʿăbādîm* until-*məlōk* *malkût* *pārās*", "grammar": { "*wayyegel*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he exiled", "*šəʾērît*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the remnant", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*bābel*": "proper noun with preposition - to Babylon", "*wayyihyû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they became", "*ʿăbādîm*": "masculine plural noun with preposition - for servants", "*məlōk*": "Qal infinitive construct - reigning of", "*malkût*": "feminine singular construct noun - kingdom of", "*pārās*": "proper noun - Persia" }, "variants": { "*wayyegel*": "he exiled/he carried away/he deported", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors", "*ʿăbādîm*": "servants/slaves" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.21", "source": "לְמַלֹּ֤אות דְּבַר־יְהוָה֙ בְּפִ֣י יִרְמְיָ֔הוּ עַד־רָצְתָ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ אֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתֶ֑יהָ כָּל־יְמֵ֤י הָשַׁמָּה֙ שָׁבָ֔תָה לְמַלֹּ֖אות שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ פ", "text": "To-*mallōʾwt* *dəbar-yhwh* by-mouth-of *yirmĕyāhû* until-*rāṣtâ* the-*ʾāreṣ* *ʾet*-her-*šabbətôtehā* all-*yəmê* the-*šammâ* *šābātâ* to-*mallōʾwt* seventy *šānâ*", "grammar": { "*mallōʾwt*": "Piel infinitive construct - to fulfill", "*dəbar-yhwh*": "construct chain - word of YHWH", "*yirmĕyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*rāṣtâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she enjoyed/paid off debt", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šabbətôtehā*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct noun - days of", "*šammâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the desolation", "*šābātâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she rested", "*mallōʾwt*": "Piel infinitive construct - to fulfill", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year" }, "variants": { "*rāṣtâ*": "enjoyed/accepted/paid off debt", "*šammâ*": "desolation/devastation/lying waste", "*šābātâ*": "she rested/she kept sabbath/she ceased" } } 22 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.22", "source": "וּבִשְׁנַ֣ת אַחַ֗ת לְכ֙וֹרֶשׁ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרַ֔ס לִכְל֥וֹת דְּבַר־יְהוָ֖ה בְּפִ֣י יִרְמְיָ֑הוּ הֵעִ֣יר יְהוָ֗ה אֶת־ר֙וּחַ֙ כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרַ֔ס וַיַּֽעֲבֶר־קוֹל֙ בְּכָל־מַלְכוּת֔וֹ וְגַם־בְּמִכְתָּ֖ב לֵאמֹֽר׃ ס", "text": "And-in-*šənat* one to-*kôreš* *melek* *pāras* to-*kĕlôt* *dəbar-yhwh* by-mouth-of *yirmĕyāhû* *hēʿîr* *yhwh* *ʾet-rûaḥ* *kôreš* *melek-pāras* and *wayyaʿăber-qôl* in-all-his-*malkûtô* and-also-in-*miktāb* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*šənat*": "feminine singular construct noun - year of", "*kôreš*": "proper noun - Cyrus", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*pāras*": "proper noun - Persia", "*kĕlôt*": "Piel infinitive construct - to complete", "*dəbar-yhwh*": "construct chain - word of YHWH", "*yirmĕyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*hēʿîr*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he aroused", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular construct noun - spirit of", "*kôreš*": "proper noun - Cyrus", "*melek-pāras*": "construct chain - king of Persia", "*wayyaʿăber-qôl*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + masculine singular noun - and he sent a proclamation", "*malkûtô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his kingdom", "*miktāb*": "masculine singular noun with preposition - in writing", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*hēʿîr*": "aroused/stirred up/awakened", "*wayyaʿăber-qôl*": "he sent a proclamation/he made a proclamation/he caused a voice to pass" } } 23 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.23", "source": "כֹּה־אָמַ֞ר כּ֣וֹרֶשׁ ׀ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרַ֗ס כָּל־מַמְלְכ֤וֹת הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ נָ֣תַן לִ֗י יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְהֽוּא־פָקַ֤ד עָלַי֙ לִבְנֽוֹת־ל֣וֹ בַ֔יִת בִּירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּֽיהוּדָ֑ה מִֽי־בָכֶ֣ם מִכָּל־עַמּ֗וֹ יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהָ֛יו עִמּ֖וֹ וְיָֽעַל׃", "text": "Thus-*ʾāmar* *kôreš* *melek* *pāras* all-*mamlĕkôt* the-*ʾāreṣ* *nātan* to-me *yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* the-*šāmayim* and-he-*pāqad* upon-me to-*libnôt*-for-him *bayit* in-*yərûšālaim* which in-*yəhûdâ* who-among-you from-all-his-*ʿammô* *yhwh* his-*ʾĕlōhâw* with-him and-*yaʿal*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*kôreš*": "proper noun - Cyrus", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*pāras*": "proper noun - Persia", "*mamlĕkôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - kingdoms of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - God of", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the heavens", "*pāqad*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he has charged", "*libnôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to build", "*bayit*": "masculine singular noun - house", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun with locative preposition - in Jerusalem", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun with preposition - in Judah", "*ʿammô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhâw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his God", "*yaʿal*": "Qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let him go up" }, "variants": { "*pāqad*": "charged/commanded/appointed/entrusted", "*yaʿal*": "let him go up/let him ascend/let him depart" } }
• Ezra 9:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezra.9.13", "source": "וְאַֽחֲרֵי֙ כָּל־הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֔ינוּ בְּמַעֲשֵׂ֙ינוּ֙ הָרָעִ֔ים וּבְאַשְׁמָתֵ֖נוּ הַגְּדֹלָ֑ה כִּ֣י ׀ אַתָּ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ חָשַׂ֤כְתָּֽ לְמַ֙טָּה֙ מֵֽעֲוֺנֵ֔נוּ וְנָתַ֥תָּה לָּ֛נוּ פְּלֵיטָ֖ה כָּזֹֽאת", "text": "And-after all-the-*bôʾ* upon-us in-*maʿăśîm*-our the-*rāʿîm* and-in-*ʾašmâ*-our the-*gǝdōlâ*, for you *ʾĕlōhênû* *ḥāśak*-you to-below from-*ʿāwōn*-our and-*nātan*-you to-us *pǝlêṭâ* like-this", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'that which came'", "*maʿăśîm*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - 'our deeds'", "*rāʿîm*": "masculine plural adjective - 'evil/bad'", "*ʾašmâ*": "feminine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our guilt'", "*gǝdōlâ*": "feminine singular adjective - 'great'", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*ḥāśak*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you have held back'", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - 'our iniquity'", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you have given'", "*pǝlêṭâ*": "feminine singular - 'deliverance/remnant'" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "come/arrive/happen", "*maʿăśîm*": "deeds/works/actions", "*rāʿîm*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*ʾašmâ*": "guilt/offense/sin", "*ḥāśak*": "held back/withheld/restrained", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*pǝlêṭâ*": "deliverance/remnant/escape" } }
• Ps 47:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.47.2", "source": "כָּֽל־הָ֭עַמִּים תִּקְעוּ־כָ֑ף הָרִ֥יעוּ לֵ֝אלֹהִ֗ים בְּק֣וֹל רִנָּֽה׃", "text": "All *hā'ammîm* *tiq'û*-*kāp* *hārî'û* to *'ĕlōhîm* with *qôl* *rinnâ*", "grammar": { "*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - 'all of'", "*hā'ammîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'the peoples'", "*tiq'û*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - 'clap'", "*kāp*": "noun, feminine singular - 'hand/palm'", "*hārî'û*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine plural - 'shout'", "*lē'lōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - 'to God'", "*bĕqôl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - 'with voice of'", "*rinnâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'joyful shout/cry'" }, "variants": { "*'ammîm*": "peoples/nations/ethnic groups", "*tiq'û*": "clap/strike/blast", "*hārî'û*": "shout/cry out/sound an alarm", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular God)", "*rinnâ*": "joyful shout/ringing cry/song of praise" } }
• Ps 66:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.66.3", "source": "אִמְר֣וּ לֵ֭אלֹהִים מַה־נּוֹרָ֣א מַעֲשֶׂ֑יךָ בְּרֹ֥ב עֻ֝זְּךָ֗ יְֽכַחֲשׁ֖וּ לְךָ֣ אֹיְבֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*ʾimrû* to *ʾĕlōhîm* how-*nôrāʾ* *maʿăśeykā* in *rōb* *ʿuzzəkā* *yəkaḥăšû* to you *ʾōyəbeykā*", "grammar": { "*ʾimrû*": "verb qal imperative masculine plural - say/tell/command", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God (despite plural form, treated as singular)", "*nôrāʾ*": "verb niphal participle masculine singular - awesome/terrible/fearful", "*maʿăśeykā*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your works", "*rōb*": "noun masculine singular construct - greatness/abundance of", "*ʿuzzəkā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your strength", "*yəkaḥăšû*": "verb piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - submit feigned obedience/cringe/cower", "*ʾōyəbeykā*": "verb qal participle masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*ʾimrû*": "say/speak/tell/command", "*nôrāʾ*": "awesome/terrible/fearful/dreadful/inspiring awe", "*maʿăśeykā*": "your works/deeds/actions", "*rōb*": "abundance/greatness/multitude", "*ʿuzzəkā*": "your strength/might/power", "*yəkaḥăšû*": "cringe/submit feigned obedience/yield feigned homage/deceive/lie/deny", "*ʾōyəbeykā*": "your enemies/adversaries/foes" } }
• Ps 66:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.66.5", "source": "לְכ֣וּ וּ֭רְאוּ מִפְעֲל֣וֹת אֱלֹהִ֑ים נוֹרָ֥א עֲ֝לִילָ֗ה עַל־בְּנֵ֥י אָדָֽם׃", "text": "*ləkû* and *rəʾû* *mipʿălôt* *ʾĕlōhîm* *nôrāʾ* *ʿălîlāh* over-*bənê* *ʾādām*", "grammar": { "*ləkû*": "verb qal imperative masculine plural - go/come/walk", "*rəʾû*": "verb qal imperative masculine plural - see/look/observe", "*mipʿălôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - works/deeds of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God (despite plural form, treated as singular)", "*nôrāʾ*": "verb niphal participle masculine singular - awesome/fearful", "*ʿălîlāh*": "noun feminine singular - deed/action", "*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular - man/mankind/humanity" }, "variants": { "*ləkû*": "come/go/walk/proceed", "*rəʾû*": "see/look at/observe/inspect/perceive", "*mipʿălôt*": "works/actions/deeds/achievements", "*nôrāʾ*": "awesome/fearful/terrible/awe-inspiring", "*ʿălîlāh*": "action/deed/work/exploit", "*bənê*": "sons of/children of/descendants of", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humanity/human being" } }
• Isa 7:17-18 : 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.17", "source": "יָבִ֨יא יְהוָ֜ה עָלֶ֗יךָ וְעַֽל־עַמְּךָ֮ וְעַל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִיךָ֒ יָמִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־בָ֔אוּ לְמִיּ֥וֹם סוּר־אֶפְרַ֖יִם מֵעַ֣ל יְהוּדָ֑ה אֵ֖ת מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר׃ פ", "text": "*yāḇîʾ* *YHWH* upon-you and-upon-people-your and-upon-house-of father-your days which not-*bāʾû* from-day-of turning-away-of-*ʾEp̄rayim* from-over *Yəhûḏāh*, *ʾēṯ* *meleḵ* *ʾAššûr*.", "grammar": { "*yāḇîʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, Hiphil - he will bring", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*bāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have come", "*ʾEp̄rayim*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ephraim (Northern Kingdom)", "*Yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Judah", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Assyria" }, "variants": { "*yāḇîʾ*": "will bring/shall cause to come", "*bāʾû*": "have come/have arrived/have happened", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*ʾAššûr*": "Assyria/Ashur" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.18", "source": "וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יִשְׁרֹ֤ק יְהוָה֙ לַזְּב֔וּב אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּקְצֵ֖ה יְאֹרֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם וְלַ֨דְּבוֹרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּאֶ֥רֶץ אַשּֽׁוּר׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* in-the-day the-that, *yišrōq* *YHWH* for-the-*zəḇûḇ* which in-end-of *yəʾōrê* *Miṣrāyim*, and-for-the-*dəḇôrāh* which in-land-of *ʾAššûr*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*yišrōq*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will whistle/hiss", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*zəḇûḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - fly", "*yəʾōrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rivers/streams of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun, masculine dual - Egypt", "*dəḇôrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - bee", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Assyria" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "and it will be/and it shall come to pass", "*yišrōq*": "will whistle/will hiss/will call", "*zəḇûḇ*": "fly/flies", "*yəʾōrê*": "rivers/streams/canals", "*Miṣrāyim*": "Egypt", "*dəḇôrāh*": "bee/bees", "*ʾAššûr*": "Assyria/Ashur" } }
• Isa 8:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.8.7", "source": "וְלָכֵ֡ן הִנֵּ֣ה אֲדֹנָי֩ מַעֲלֶ֨ה עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אֶת־מֵ֣י הַנָּהָ֗ר הָעֲצוּמִים֙ וְהָ֣רַבִּ֔ים אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּׁ֖וּר וְאֶת־כָּל־כְּבוֹד֑וֹ וְעָלָה֙ עַל־כָּל־אֲפִיקָ֔יו וְהָלַ֖ךְ עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*wə-lākēn hinnēh ʾădōnāy maʿăleh* upon-them *ʾet*-*mê ha-nāhār hā-ʿăṣûmîm* and-*hā-rabbîm* *ʾet*-*melek* *ʾaššûr* and-*ʾet*-all-*kəbôdô* and-*ʿālāh* over-all-*ʾăpîqāyw* and-*hālak* over-all-*gədôtāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-lākēn*": "conjunction + adverb - and therefore", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*maʿăleh*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - bringing up/causing to rise", "*mê*": "noun masculine plural construct - waters of", "*ha-nāhār*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the river", "*hā-ʿăṣûmîm*": "definite article + adjective masculine plural - the mighty/strong", "*hā-rabbîm*": "definite article + adjective masculine plural - the many/abundant", "*melek*": "noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*kəbôdô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his glory", "*ʿālāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he will rise/go up", "*ʾăpîqāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its channels", "*hālak*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he will go/walk", "*gədôtāyw*": "noun feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its banks" }, "variants": { "*mê ha-nāhār*": "waters of the river (metaphor for Assyrian invasion)", "*hā-ʿăṣûmîm*": "mighty/strong/powerful", "*hā-rabbîm*": "many/abundant/numerous", "*kəbôdô*": "his glory/his honor/his splendor/his might", "*ʾăpîqāyw*": "its channels/its streams/its watercourses", "*gədôtāyw*": "its banks/its shores" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.8.8", "source": "וְחָלַ֤ף בִּֽיהוּדָה֙ שָׁטַ֣ף וְעָבַ֔ר עַד־צַוָּ֖אר יַגִּ֑יעַ וְהָיָה֙ מֻטּ֣וֹת כְּנָפָ֔יו מְלֹ֥א רֹֽחַב־אַרְצְךָ֖ עִמָּ֥נוּ אֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-ḥālap* in-*yəhûdāh* *šāṭap* and-*ʿābar* until-*ṣawwāʾr* *yaggîaʿ* and-*hāyāh* *muṭṭôt* *kənāpāyw* *məlōʾ* *rōḥab*-*ʾarṣəkā* *ʿimmānû ʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḥālap*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it will sweep/rush", "*bîhûdāh*": "preposition + proper noun - into Judah", "*šāṭap*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it will overflow/flood", "*ʿābar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it will pass over", "*ṣawwāʾr*": "noun masculine singular - neck", "*yaggîaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it will reach", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*muṭṭôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - spreading of", "*kənāpāyw*": "noun feminine dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wings", "*məlōʾ*": "noun masculine singular construct - fullness of", "*rōḥab*": "noun masculine singular construct - breadth/width of", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your land", "*ʿimmānû ʾēl*": "proper noun compound - Immanuel/God with us" }, "variants": { "*ḥālap*": "sweep through/rush through/pass through", "*šāṭap*": "overflow/flood/inundate", "*ʿābar*": "pass over/cross/go through", "*ṣawwāʾr*": "neck (metaphor for severity of invasion)", "*muṭṭôt kənāpāyw*": "stretching out of his wings/spreading of his wings", "*ʿimmānû ʾēl*": "Immanuel/God with us (can be read as a name or a statement)" } }
• Isa 10:5-7 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.5", "source": "הוֹי אַשּׁוּר שֵׁבֶט אַפִּי וּמַטֶּה־הוּא בְיָדָם זַעְמִי", "text": "*hôy* *ʾaššûr* *šēbeṭ* *ʾappî* *ûmaṭṭeh*-*hûʾ* *beyādām* *zaʿmî*", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe!/alas!", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria/Assyrian", "*šēbeṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - rod/staff of", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my anger", "*ûmaṭṭeh*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and staff/rod", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it", "*beyādām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their hand", "*zaʿmî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my indignation/wrath" }, "variants": { "*šēbeṭ*": "rod/staff/tribe/scepter", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/nose/face", "*maṭṭeh*": "staff/rod/branch/tribe", "*zaʿmî*": "my indignation/wrath/fury" } } 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.6", "source": "בְּגוֹי חָנֵף אֲשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ וְעַל־עַם עֶבְרָתִי אֲצַוֶּנּוּ לִשְׁלֹל שָׁלָל וְלָבֹז בַּז וּלְשׂוּמוֹ מִרְמָס כְּחֹמֶר חוּצוֹת", "text": "*begôy* *ḥānēp̄* *ʾăšalleḥennû* *weʿal*-*ʿam* *ʿebrātî* *ʾăṣawwennû* *lišlōl* *šālāl* *welābōz* *baz* *ûleśûmô* *mirmās* *keḥōmer* *ḥûṣôt*", "grammar": { "*begôy*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - against nation", "*ḥānēp̄*": "adjective, masculine singular - godless/profane/impious", "*ʾăšalleḥennû*": "piel imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will send him", "*weʿal*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and against", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*ʿebrātî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my wrath", "*ʾăṣawwennû*": "piel imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will command him", "*lišlōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to plunder", "*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - plunder/spoil", "*welābōz*": "waw conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and to seize", "*baz*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/booty", "*ûleśûmô*": "waw conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and to make it", "*mirmās*": "noun, masculine singular - trampling place/trodden thing", "*keḥōmer*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like clay/mire", "*ḥûṣôt*": "noun, feminine plural - streets/outside places" }, "variants": { "*ḥānēp̄*": "godless/profane/impious/hypocritical", "*ʿebrātî*": "my wrath/fury/rage/anger", "*šālāl*": "plunder/spoil/prey/booty", "*baz*": "spoil/booty/prey", "*mirmās*": "trampling place/thing trodden down", "*ḥōmer*": "clay/mire/mud", "*ḥûṣôt*": "streets/outside places/marketplaces" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.7", "source": "וְהוּא לֹא־כֵן יְדַמֶּה וּלְבָבוֹ לֹא־כֵן יַחְשֹׁב כִּי לְהַשְׁמִיד בִּלְבָבוֹ וּלְהַכְרִית גּוֹיִם לֹא מְעָט", "text": "*wehûʾ* *lōʾ*-*ḵēn* *yedammeh* *ûlebābô* *lōʾ*-*ḵēn* *yaḥšōb* *kî* *lehašmîd* *bilbābô* *ûlehaḵrît* *gôyim* *lōʾ* *meʿāṭ*", "grammar": { "*wehûʾ*": "waw conjunction + personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - but he", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ḵēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*yedammeh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he thinks/intends", "*ûlebābô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his heart", "*yaḥšōb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he thinks/plans", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lehašmîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy", "*bilbābô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his heart", "*ûlehaḵrît*": "waw conjunction + preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - and to cut off", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*meʿāṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - few/little" }, "variants": { "*yedammeh*": "he thinks/intends/imagines/plans", "*lebāb*": "heart/inner man/mind/will", "*yaḥšōb*": "he thinks/plans/devises/intends", "*lehašmîd*": "to destroy/exterminate/annihilate", "*lehaḵrît*": "to cut off/destroy/eliminate" } }
• Isa 36:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֡י בְּאַרְבַּע֩ עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה שָׁנָ֜ה לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֗הוּ עָלָ֞ה סַנְחֵרִ֤יב מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ עַ֣ל כָּל־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה הַבְּצֻר֖וֹת וַֽיִּתְפְּשֵֽׂם", "text": "And *wayəhî* in *ʾarbaʿ ʿeśrēh šānāh* to the *melek ḥizqîyāhû*, *ʿālāh* *sanḥērîḇ melek-ʾaššûr* against all-*ʿārê yəhûḏāh* the *bəṣurôṯ* and *wayyitpəśēm*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect 3rd masculine singular of root היה - and it was/came to pass", "*ʾarbaʿ ʿeśrēh šānāh*": "cardinal number + feminine noun singular - fourteen years", "*melek ḥizqîyāhû*": "construct noun + proper noun - king Hezekiah", "*ʿālāh*": "perfect 3rd masculine singular - went up/ascended", "*sanḥērîḇ melek-ʾaššûr*": "proper noun + construct noun + proper noun - Sennacherib king of Assyria", "*ʿārê*": "construct plural of עיר - cities of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*bəṣurôṯ*": "feminine plural adjective - fortified/defended", "*wayyitpəśēm*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he seized/captured them" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*ʿālāh*": "went up/ascended/attacked", "*bəṣurôṯ*": "fortified/fenced/defended", "*wayyitpəśēm*": "and he seized/captured/took possession of them" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.2", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֣וּר ׀ אֶת־רַב־שָׁקֵ֨ה מִלָּכִ֧ישׁ יְרוּשָׁלַ֛͏ְמָה אֶל־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ בְּחֵ֣יל כָּבֵ֑ד וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗ד בִּתְעָלַת֙ הַבְּרֵכָ֣ה הָעֶלְיוֹנָ֔ה בִּמְסִלַּ֖ת שְׂדֵ֥ה כוֹבֵֽס", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ melek-ʾaššûr* *ʾeṯ-raḇ-šāqēh* from *lāḵîš* *yərûšālaymāh* to *ham-melek ḥizqîyāhû* with *ḥêl kāḇēḏ* and *wayyaʿămōḏ* in *təʿālaṯ hab-bərēḵāh hāʿelyônāh* in *məsillaṯ śəḏēh ḵôḇēs*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*melek-ʾaššûr*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Assyria", "*ʾeṯ-raḇ-šāqēh*": "direct object marker + title/position - the Rabshakeh (chief cupbearer)", "*lāḵîš*": "proper noun with prefixed מִן preposition - from Lachish", "*yərûšālaymāh*": "proper noun + directional ה suffix - to/toward Jerusalem", "*ham-melek ḥizqîyāhû*": "definite article + noun + proper noun - the king Hezekiah", "*ḥêl kāḇēḏ*": "noun + adjective - heavy/great army", "*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he stood", "*təʿālaṯ hab-bərēḵāh hāʿelyônāh*": "construct noun + definite article + noun + definite article + adjective - conduit of the pool the upper", "*məsillaṯ śəḏēh ḵôḇēs*": "construct noun + construct noun + noun - highway of the field of fuller" }, "variants": { "*raḇ-šāqēh*": "chief cupbearer/high official (Assyrian title)", "*ḥêl kāḇēḏ*": "large army/heavy force/great company", "*təʿālaṯ*": "conduit/aqueduct/water channel", "*bərēḵāh*": "pool/reservoir", "*məsillaṯ*": "highway/raised road", "*ḵôḇēs*": "fuller/launderer/clothes-washer" } } 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.3", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֥א אֵלָ֛יו אֶלְיָקִ֥ים בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּ֖הוּ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַבָּ֑יִת וְשֶׁבְנָא֙ הַסֹּפֵ֔ר וְיוֹאָ֥ח בֶּן־אָסָ֖ף הַמַּזְכִּֽיר", "text": "And *wayyēṣēʾ* to him *ʾelyāqîm ben-ḥilqîyāhû* who over *hab-bāyit* and *šeḇnā has-sōfēr* and *yôʾāḥ ben-ʾāsāf ham-mazkîr*", "grammar": { "*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*ʾelyāqîm ben-ḥilqîyāhû*": "proper noun + construct noun + proper noun - Eliakim son of Hilkiah", "*ʾăšer ʿal-hab-bāyit*": "relative particle + preposition + definite article + noun - who was over the house", "*šeḇnā has-sōfēr*": "proper noun + definite article + noun - Shebna the scribe", "*yôʾāḥ ben-ʾāsāf*": "proper noun + construct noun + proper noun - Joah son of Asaph", "*ham-mazkîr*": "definite article + hiphil participle masculine singular - the recorder/remembrancer" }, "variants": { "*ʿal-hab-bāyit*": "over the house/palace administrator/steward", "*has-sōfēr*": "the scribe/secretary", "*ham-mazkîr*": "the recorder/chronicler/remembrancer" } } 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶם֙ רַב שָׁקֵ֔ה אִמְרוּ־נָ֖א אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ הַגָּדוֹל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר מָ֧ה הַבִּטָח֛וֹן הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בָּטָֽחְתָּ", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to them *raḇ šāqēh*, *ʾimrû-nāʾ* to *ḥizqîyāhû*: thus *kōh-ʾāmar ham-melek hag-gāḏôl melek ʾaššûr*, what *māh hab-biṭāḥôn haz-zeh ʾăšer bāṭāḥtā*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*raḇ šāqēh*": "title/position - Rabshakeh (chief cupbearer)", "*ʾimrû-nāʾ*": "qal imperative masculine plural + particle of entreaty - say, please", "*kōh-ʾāmar*": "adverb + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - thus says/said", "*ham-melek hag-gāḏôl*": "definite article + noun + definite article + adjective - the king the great", "*melek ʾaššûr*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Assyria", "*māh hab-biṭāḥôn haz-zeh*": "interrogative + definite article + noun + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - what is this confidence", "*ʾăšer bāṭāḥtā*": "relative particle + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - which you trust" }, "variants": { "*nāʾ*": "please/now (particle of entreaty)", "*kōh*": "thus/so", "*biṭāḥôn*": "confidence/trust/reliance", "*bāṭāḥtā*": "you trust/rely/have confidence" } } 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.5", "source": "אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ אַךְ־דְּבַר־שְׂפָתַ֔יִם עֵצָ֥ה וּגְבוּרָ֖ה לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה עַתָּה֙ עַל־מִ֣י בָטַ֔חְתָּ כִּ֥י מָרַ֖דְתָּ בִּֽי", "text": "*ʾāmartî* *ʾak-dəḇar-śəfāṯayim* *ʿēṣāh û-ḡəḇûrāh lam-milḥāmāh*; now *ʿattāh* on whom *ʿal-mî bāṭaḥtā* that *kî māraḏtā bî*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I say/said", "*ʾak-dəḇar-śəfāṯayim*": "particle + construct noun + dual noun - only word of lips", "*ʿēṣāh û-ḡəḇûrāh*": "noun + waw conjunction + noun - counsel and strength", "*lam-milḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun - for the war/battle", "*ʿattāh*": "adverb of time - now", "*ʿal-mî*": "preposition + interrogative pronoun - on whom", "*bāṭaḥtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have trusted", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*māraḏtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have rebelled", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - against me" }, "variants": { "*ʾak*": "only/surely/indeed", "*dəḇar-śəfāṯayim*": "word of lips/empty talk/mere words", "*ʿēṣāh*": "counsel/advice/plan", "*ḡəḇûrāh*": "strength/might/power", "*māraḏtā*": "you rebelled/revolted" } } 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.6", "source": "הִנֵּ֣ה בָטַ֡חְתָּ עַל־מִשְׁעֶנֶת֩ הַקָּנֶ֨ה הָרָצ֤וּץ הַזֶּה֙ עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִסָּמֵ֥ךְ אִישׁ֙ עָלָ֔יו וּבָ֥א בְכַפּ֖וֹ וּנְקָבָ֑הּ כֵּ֚ן פַּרְעֹ֣ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֔יִם לְכָֽל־הַבֹּטְחִ֖ים עָלָֽיו", "text": "Behold *hinnēh* *bāṭaḥtā* upon *ʿal-mišʿeneṯ haq-qāneh hārāṣûṣ haz-zeh* upon *ʿal-miṣrayim* which *ʾăšer yissāmēk ʾîš* upon it and *ûḇāʾ ḇəḵappô* and *ûnəqāḇāh*; so *kēn* is *parʿōh melek-miṣrayim* to all *ləḵōl-hab-bōṭəḥîm* upon him", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/lo", "*bāṭaḥtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have trusted", "*ʿal-mišʿeneṯ*": "preposition + construct noun - upon staff/support of", "*haq-qāneh hārāṣûṣ haz-zeh*": "definite article + noun + definite article + passive participle + definite article + demonstrative - the reed the broken this", "*ʿal-miṣrayim*": "preposition + proper noun - upon Egypt", "*ʾăšer yissāmēk ʾîš*": "relative particle + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + noun - which if leans man", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon it", "*ûḇāʾ ḇəḵappô*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + preposition + noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and it enters into his palm", "*ûnəqāḇāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and pierces it", "*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*parʿōh melek-miṣrayim*": "proper noun + construct noun + proper noun - Pharaoh king of Egypt", "*ləḵōl-hab-bōṭəḥîm*": "preposition + construct noun + definite article + qal participle masculine plural - to all the trusting ones", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him" }, "variants": { "*mišʿeneṯ*": "staff/support/prop", "*qāneh*": "reed/cane/stalk", "*rāṣûṣ*": "broken/bruised/crushed", "*yissāmēk*": "leans/relies/supports himself", "*ḇəḵappô*": "in his palm/hand", "*nəqāḇāh*": "pierces/penetrates" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.7", "source": "וְכִי־תֹאמַ֣ר אֵלַ֔י אֶל־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ בָּטָ֑חְנוּ הֲלוֹא־ה֗וּא אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵסִ֤יר חִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֶת־בָּמֹתָ֣יו וְאֶת־מִזְבְּחֹתָ֔יו וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לִֽיהוּדָה֙ וְלִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם לִפְנֵ֛י הַמִּזְבֵּ֥חַ הַזֶּ֖ה תִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוֽוּ", "text": "And if *wəḵî-ṯōʾmar* to me, to *YHWH ʾĕlōhênû* we *bāṭāḥnû*, is it not *hălôʾ-hûʾ* that *ʾăšer hēsîr ḥizqîyāhû* *ʾeṯ-bāmōṯāyw wəʾeṯ-mizbəḥōṯāyw* and *wayyōʾmer lîhûḏāh wəlîrûšālaim* before *lip̄nê ham-mizbēaḥ haz-zeh* you shall *tištaḥăwû*", "grammar": { "*wəḵî*": "waw conjunction + particle - and if/and that", "*ṯōʾmar*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you say", "*YHWH ʾĕlōhênû*": "divine name + noun + 1st person plural suffix - YHWH our God", "*bāṭāḥnû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we have trusted", "*hălôʾ-hûʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle + 3rd masculine singular pronoun - is it not he", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*hēsîr*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has removed", "*ḥizqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Hezekiah", "*ʾeṯ-bāmōṯāyw*": "direct object marker + noun plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his high places", "*wəʾeṯ-mizbəḥōṯāyw*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + noun plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his altars", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*lîhûḏāh wəlîrûšālaim*": "preposition + proper noun + waw conjunction + preposition + proper noun - to Judah and to Jerusalem", "*lip̄nê*": "preposition + construct noun - before", "*ham-mizbēaḥ haz-zeh*": "definite article + noun + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this altar", "*tištaḥăwû*": "hishtaphel imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall worship/bow down" }, "variants": { "*bāmōṯ*": "high places/cultic platforms", "*hēsîr*": "removed/took away", "*mizbəḥōṯ*": "altars/places of sacrifice", "*lip̄nê*": "before/in front of", "*tištaḥăwû*": "you shall worship/bow down/prostrate yourselves" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.8", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ הִתְעָ֣רֶב נָ֔א אֶת־אֲדֹנִ֖י הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֑וּר וְאֶתְּנָ֤ה לְךָ֙ אַלְפַּ֣יִם סוּסִ֔ים אִם־תּוּכַ֕ל לָ֥תֶת לְךָ֖ רֹכְבִ֥ים עֲלֵיהֶֽם", "text": "And now *wəʿattāh* *hiṯʿāreḇ nāʾ* *ʾeṯ-ʾăḏōnî ham-melek ʾaššûr* and *wəʾettənāh ləḵā* *ʾalpayim sûsîm* if *ʾim-tûḵal* to *lāṯeṯ ləḵā* *rōḵəḇîm* upon them", "grammar": { "*wəʿattāh*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and now", "*hiṯʿāreḇ*": "hithpael imperative masculine singular - engage yourself/make a wager", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*ʾeṯ-ʾăḏōnî*": "direct object marker + noun + 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*ham-melek ʾaššûr*": "definite article + noun + proper noun - the king of Assyria", "*wəʾettənāh*": "waw conjunction + qal cohortative 1st person singular - and I will give", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ʾalpayim sûsîm*": "dual noun + noun masculine plural - two thousand horses", "*ʾim-tûḵal*": "conditional particle + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - if you are able", "*lāṯeṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to put/set", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - for yourself", "*rōḵəḇîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - riders", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them" }, "variants": { "*hiṯʿāreḇ*": "make a wager/pledge yourself/make an agreement", "*ʾettənāh*": "I will give/provide", "*tûḵal*": "you are able/can", "*lāṯeṯ*": "to give/provide/place", "*rōḵəḇîm*": "riders/horsemen/cavalry" } } 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.9", "source": "וְאֵ֣יךְ תָּשִׁ֗יב אֵ֠ת פְּנֵ֨י פַחַ֥ת אַחַ֛ד עַבְדֵ֥י אֲדֹנִ֖י הַקְטַנִּ֑ים וַתִּבְטַ֤ח לְךָ֙ עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם לְרֶ֖כֶב וּלְפָרָשִֽׁים", "text": "And how *wəʾêḵ tāšîḇ* *ʾēṯ pənê p̄aḥaṯ ʾaḥaḏ* *ʿaḇḏê ʾăḏōnî* the *haq-qəṭannîm* and *wattiḇṭaḥ ləḵā* upon *ʿal-miṣrayim* for *ləreḵeḇ* and for *ûləp̄ārāšîm*", "grammar": { "*wəʾêḵ*": "waw conjunction + interrogative adverb - and how", "*tāšîḇ*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will turn away/repulse", "*ʾēṯ pənê*": "direct object marker + construct noun plural - the face of", "*p̄aḥaṯ ʾaḥaḏ*": "construct noun + cardinal number - governor one", "*ʿaḇḏê ʾăḏōnî*": "construct plural noun + noun + 1st person singular suffix - servants of my lord", "*haq-qəṭannîm*": "definite article + adjective masculine plural - the least/smallest", "*wattiḇṭaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you trust", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - for yourself", "*ʿal-miṣrayim*": "preposition + proper noun - upon Egypt", "*ləreḵeḇ*": "preposition + noun - for chariots", "*ûləp̄ārāšîm*": "waw conjunction + preposition + noun masculine plural - and for horsemen" }, "variants": { "*tāšîḇ pənê*": "turn away the face/repulse/reject", "*p̄aḥaṯ*": "governor/captain/deputy", "*qəṭannîm*": "small/least/minor", "*tiḇṭaḥ*": "you trust/rely upon", "*reḵeḇ*": "chariots/chariotry", "*p̄ārāšîm*": "horsemen/cavalry" } } 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.10", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ הֲמִבַּלְעֲדֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה עָלִ֛יתִי עַל־הָאָ֥רֶץ הַזֹּ֖את לְהַשְׁחִיתָ֑הּ יְהוָה֙ אָמַ֣ר אֵלַ֔י עֲלֵ֛ה אֶל־הָאָ֥רֶץ הַזֹּ֖את וְהַשְׁחִיתָֽהּ", "text": "And now *wəʿattāh* *hămibbalʿăḏê YHWH* I have *ʿālîṯî* against *ʿal-hāʾāreṣ haz-zōʾṯ* to *ləhašḥîṯāh*? *YHWH* has *ʾāmar* to me, go up *ʿălēh* against *ʾel-hāʾāreṣ haz-zōʾṯ* and *wəhašḥîṯāh*", "grammar": { "*wəʿattāh*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and now", "*hămibbalʿăḏê*": "interrogative prefix + preposition - without/apart from", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*ʿālîṯî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I came up/ascended", "*ʿal-hāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun - against the land", "*haz-zōʾṯ*": "definite article + demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*ləhašḥîṯāh*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to destroy it", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*ʿălēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go up/ascend", "*ʾel-hāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun - to/against the land", "*haz-zōʾṯ*": "definite article + demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*wəhašḥîṯāh*": "waw conjunction + hiphil imperative masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and destroy it" }, "variants": { "*mibbalʿăḏê*": "without/apart from/independently of", "*ʿālîṯî*": "I came up/marched/attacked", "*ləhašḥîṯāh*": "to destroy/ruin/devastate it", "*ʿălēh*": "go up/march/attack", "*hašḥîṯāh*": "destroy/ruin/devastate it" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶלְיָקִים֩ וְשֶׁבְנָ֨א וְיוֹאָ֜ח אֶל־רַב שָׁקֵ֗ה דַּבֶּר־נָ֤א אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲרָמִ֔ית כִּ֥י שֹׁמְעִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ וְאַל־תְּדַבֵּ֤ר אֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙ יְהוּדִ֔ית בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַחוֹמָֽה", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer ʾelyāqîm* and *wəšeḇnāʾ* and *wəyôʾāḥ* to *ʾel-raḇ šāqēh*, speak, please, *dabber-nāʾ* to *ʾel-ʿăḇāḏêḵā* in *ʾărāmîṯ* for *kî šōməʿîm ʾănāḥnû* and do not speak *wəʾal-təḏabbēr* to us in *ʾēlênû yəhûḏîṯ* in the ears of *bəʾoznê hāʿām* who *ʾăšer ʿal-haḥômāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾelyāqîm*": "proper noun - Eliakim", "*wəšeḇnāʾ*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Shebna", "*wəyôʾāḥ*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Joah", "*ʾel-raḇ šāqēh*": "preposition + title/position - to the Rabshakeh", "*dabber-nāʾ*": "piel imperative masculine singular + particle of entreaty - speak, please", "*ʾel-ʿăḇāḏêḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to your servants", "*ʾărāmîṯ*": "adverb/language - in Aramaic", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*šōməʿîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - hearing/understanding", "*ʾănāḥnû*": "1st person plural pronoun - we", "*wəʾal-təḏabbēr*": "waw conjunction + negative particle + piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and do not speak", "*ʾēlênû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - to us", "*yəhûḏîṯ*": "adverb/language - in Hebrew/Jewish language", "*bəʾoznê*": "preposition + construct plural noun - in ears of", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun - the people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who", "*ʿal-haḥômāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun - on the wall" }, "variants": { "*ʾărāmîṯ*": "in Aramaic/Syrian language", "*šōməʿîm*": "understanding/hearing/comprehending", "*yəhûḏîṯ*": "in Hebrew/Jewish language", "*haḥômāh*": "wall/fortification" } } 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה הַאֶ֨ל אֲדֹנֶ֤יךָ וְאֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ שְׁלָחַ֣נִי אֲדֹנִ֔י לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה הֲלֹ֣א עַל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ עַל־הַ֣חוֹמָ֔ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל אֶת־*חראיהם **צוֹאָתָ֗ם וְלִשְׁתּ֛וֹת אֶת־*שיניהם **מֵימֵ֥י **רַגְלֵיהֶ֖ם עִמָּכֶֽם", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer raḇ-šāqēh*, is it *haʾel ʾăḏōnêḵā wəʾēlêḵā* *šəlāḥanî ʾăḏōnî* to speak *ləḏabbēr ʾeṯ-had-dəḇārîm hāʾēlleh*? Is it not *hălōʾ ʿal-hāʾănāšîm hay-yōšəḇîm* upon *ʿal-haḥômāh* to eat *leʾĕḵōl ʾeṯ-*ṣôʾāṯām* and to drink *wəlištôṯ ʾeṯ-*mêmê raḡlêhem* with you", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*raḇ-šāqēh*": "title/position - the Rabshakeh", "*haʾel*": "interrogative prefix + preposition - to/unto", "*ʾăḏōnêḵā*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your lords/masters", "*wəʾēlêḵā*": "waw conjunction + preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and to you", "*šəlāḥanî*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - he sent me", "*ʾăḏōnî*": "noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my lord/master", "*ləḏabbēr*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to speak", "*ʾeṯ-had-dəḇārîm hāʾēlleh*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun masculine plural + definite article + demonstrative plural - these words", "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is it not", "*ʿal-hāʾănāšîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - upon the men", "*hay-yōšəḇîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones sitting", "*ʿal-haḥômāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun - upon the wall", "*leʾĕḵōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*ʾeṯ-ṣôʾāṯām*": "direct object marker + noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their excrement", "*wəlištôṯ*": "waw conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and to drink", "*ʾeṯ-mêmê raḡlêhem*": "direct object marker + construct noun plural + construct noun plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - waters of their feet [euphemism for urine]", "*ʿimmāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - with you" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḏōnêḵā*": "your masters/lords", "*šəlāḥanî*": "he sent me/dispatched me", "*yōšəḇîm*": "sitting/dwelling/staying", "*ṣôʾāṯām*": "their excrement/waste/dung", "*mêmê raḡlêhem*": "waters of their feet/their urine" } } 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.13", "source": "וַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙ רַב־שָׁקֵ֔ה וַיִּקְרָ֥א בְקוֹל־גָּד֖וֹל יְהוּדִ֑ית וַיֹּ֕אמֶר שִׁמְע֗וּ אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֛י הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ הַגָּד֖וֹל מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר", "text": "And *wayyaʿămōḏ raḇ-šāqēh* and *wayyiqrāʾ ḇəqôl-gāḏôl* in *yəhûḏîṯ* and *wayyōʾmer*, hear *šimʿû ʾeṯ-diḇrê ham-melek hag-gāḏôl melek ʾaššûr*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿămōḏ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he stood", "*raḇ-šāqēh*": "title/position - the Rabshakeh", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called/cried", "*ḇəqôl-gāḏôl*": "preposition + construct noun + adjective - with voice great", "*yəhûḏîṯ*": "adverb/language - in Hebrew/Jewish language", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - hear", "*ʾeṯ-diḇrê*": "direct object marker + construct noun masculine plural - the words of", "*ham-melek hag-gāḏôl*": "definite article + noun + definite article + adjective - the king the great", "*melek ʾaššûr*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Assyria" }, "variants": { "*yaʿămōḏ*": "stood/took his stand", "*yiqrāʾ*": "called out/proclaimed/cried", "*qôl-gāḏôl*": "loud voice/great voice", "*yəhûḏîṯ*": "in Hebrew/Jewish language", "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.14", "source": "כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אַל־יַשִּׁ֥א לָכֶ֖ם חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ כִּ֥י לֹֽא־יוּכַ֖ל לְהַצִּ֥יל אֶתְכֶֽם", "text": "Thus *kōh ʾāmar ham-melek*, do not let *ʾal-yaššiʾ lāḵem ḥizqîyāhû* for *kî lōʾ-yûḵal* to *ləhaṣṣîl ʾeṯḵem*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ham-melek*": "definite article + noun - the king", "*ʾal-yaššiʾ*": "negative particle + hiphil jussive 3rd masculine singular - let not deceive", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*ḥizqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Hezekiah", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ-yûḵal*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he cannot/is not able", "*ləhaṣṣîl*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to deliver/save", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you" }, "variants": { "*yaššiʾ*": "deceive/mislead/delude", "*yûḵal*": "is able/can/has the power", "*ləhaṣṣîl*": "to deliver/rescue/save" } } 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.15", "source": "וְאַל־יַבְטַ֨ח אֶתְכֶ֤ם חִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה לֵאמֹ֔ר הַצֵּ֥ל יַצִּילֵ֖נוּ יְהוָ֑ה לֹ֤א תִנָּתֵן֙ הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את בְּיַ֖ד מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר", "text": "And do not let *wəʾal-yaḇṭaḥ ʾeṯḵem ḥizqîyāhû* to *ʾel-YHWH* saying, *lēʾmōr*, delivering *haṣṣēl yaṣṣîlēnû YHWH*; not *lōʾ tinnāṯēn* the city *hāʿîr haz-zōʾṯ* into the hand of *bəyaḏ melek ʾaššûr*", "grammar": { "*wəʾal-yaḇṭaḥ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle + hiphil jussive 3rd masculine singular - and let not make trust", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*ḥizqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Hezekiah", "*ʾel-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - in YHWH", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*haṣṣēl yaṣṣîlēnû*": "hiphil infinitive absolute + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - delivering he will deliver us", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tinnāṯēn*": "niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be given", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the city", "*haz-zōʾṯ*": "definite article + demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*bəyaḏ*": "preposition + construct noun - into hand of", "*melek ʾaššûr*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Assyria" }, "variants": { "*yaḇṭaḥ*": "make trust/cause to rely/give confidence", "*haṣṣēl yaṣṣîlēnû*": "surely deliver us/definitely save us", "*tinnāṯēn*": "will be given/handed over/delivered", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control" } } 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.16", "source": "אַֽל־תִּשְׁמְע֖וּ אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ ס כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֜ר הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֗וּר עֲשֽׂוּ־אִתִּ֤י בְרָכָה֙ וּצְא֣וּ אֵלַ֔י וְאִכְל֤וּ אִישׁ־גַּפְנוֹ֙ וְאִ֣ישׁ תְּאֵנָת֔וֹ וּשְׁת֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ מֵי־בוֹרֽוֹ", "text": "Do not *ʾal-tišməʿû* to *ʾel-ḥizqîyāhû* for *kî kōh ʾāmar ham-melek ʾaššûr*, make *ʿăśû-ʾittî ḇərāḵāh* and come out *ûṣəʾû ʾēlay* and eat *wəʾiḵlû ʾîš-gap̄nô* and *wəʾîš təʾēnāṯô* and drink *ûšəṯû ʾîš mê-ḇôrô*", "grammar": { "*ʾal-tišməʿû*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - do not listen/hear", "*ʾel-ḥizqîyāhû*": "preposition + proper noun - to Hezekiah", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ham-melek ʾaššûr*": "definite article + noun + proper noun - the king of Assyria", "*ʿăśû-ʾittî*": "qal imperative masculine plural + preposition + 1st person singular suffix - make with me", "*ḇərāḵāh*": "noun feminine singular - blessing/peace treaty", "*ûṣəʾû*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative masculine plural - and come out", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*wəʾiḵlû*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative masculine plural - and eat", "*ʾîš-gap̄nô*": "noun masculine singular + noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - each man his vine", "*wəʾîš*": "waw conjunction + noun masculine singular - and each man", "*təʾēnāṯô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his fig tree", "*ûšəṯû*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative masculine plural - and drink", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man", "*mê-ḇôrô*": "construct plural noun + noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - waters of his cistern" }, "variants": { "*tišməʿû*": "listen to/hear/obey", "*ʿăśû ḇərāḵāh*": "make peace/surrender/make agreement", "*ṣəʾû*": "come out/surrender/exit", "*gap̄nô*": "his vine/vineyard", "*təʾēnāṯô*": "his fig tree", "*mê-ḇôrô*": "waters of his cistern/well" } } 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.17", "source": "עַד־בֹּאִ֕י וְלָקַחְתִּ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּאַרְצְכֶ֑ם אֶ֤רֶץ דָּגָן֙ וְתִיר֔וֹשׁ אֶ֥רֶץ לֶ֖חֶם וּכְרָמִֽים", "text": "Until *ʿaḏ-bōʾî* and *wəlāqaḥtî ʾeṯḵem* to *ʾel-ʾereṣ kəʾarṣəḵem*, *ʾereṣ dāḡān* and *wəṯîrôš*, *ʾereṣ leḥem û-ḵərāmîm*", "grammar": { "*ʿaḏ-bōʾî*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - until my coming", "*wəlāqaḥtî*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will take", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*ʾel-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - to a land", "*kəʾarṣəḵem*": "preposition + noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - like your land", "*ʾereṣ dāḡān*": "noun feminine singular construct + noun masculine singular - land of grain", "*wəṯîrôš*": "waw conjunction + noun masculine singular - and new wine", "*ʾereṣ leḥem*": "noun feminine singular construct + noun masculine singular - land of bread", "*û-ḵərāmîm*": "waw conjunction + noun masculine plural - and vineyards" }, "variants": { "*bōʾî*": "my coming/arrival", "*lāqaḥtî*": "I will take/bring/lead", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*dāḡān*": "grain/corn", "*tîrôš*": "new wine/fresh wine", "*leḥem*": "bread/food", "*kərāmîm*": "vineyards/vine plantations" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.18", "source": "פֶּן־יַסִּ֨ית אֶתְכֶ֤ם חִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר יְהוָ֖ה יַצִּילֵ֑נוּ הַהִצִּ֜ילוּ אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־אַרְצ֔וֹ מִיַּ֖ד מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר", "text": "Lest *pen-yassîṯ ʾeṯḵem ḥizqîyāhû* saying, *lēʾmōr YHWH yaṣṣîlēnû*. Have *hahiṣṣîlû ʾĕlōhê hag-gôyim* each *ʾîš ʾeṯ-ʾarṣô* from the hand of *miyyaḏ melek ʾaššûr*?", "grammar": { "*pen*": "conjunction - lest/that not", "*yassîṯ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he incites/misleads", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*ḥizqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Hezekiah", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*yaṣṣîlēnû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - will deliver us", "*hahiṣṣîlû*": "interrogative prefix + hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - have they delivered", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct plural of אֱלֹהִים - gods of", "*hag-gôyim*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the nations", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each/man", "*ʾeṯ-ʾarṣô*": "direct object marker + noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his land", "*miyyaḏ*": "preposition + construct noun - from hand of", "*melek ʾaššûr*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Assyria" }, "variants": { "*yassîṯ*": "incites/entices/misleads", "*yaṣṣîlēnû*": "will deliver us/rescue us/save us", "*hiṣṣîlû*": "delivered/rescued/saved", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "gods of/deities of", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control" } } 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.19", "source": "אַיֵּ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י חֲמָת֙ וְאַרְפָּ֔ד אַיֵּ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י סְפַרְוָ֑יִם וְכִֽי־הִצִּ֥ילוּ אֶת־שֹׁמְר֖וֹן מִיָּדִֽי", "text": "Where *ʾayyēh ʾĕlōhê ḥămāṯ* and *wəʾarpāḏ*? Where *ʾayyēh ʾĕlōhê səp̄arwāyim*? And indeed *wəḵî-hiṣṣîlû ʾeṯ-šōmərôn* from my hand *miyyāḏî*?", "grammar": { "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct plural of אֱלֹהִים - gods of", "*ḥămāṯ*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*wəʾarpāḏ*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Arpad", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct plural of אֱלֹהִים - gods of", "*səp̄arwāyim*": "proper noun - Sepharvaim", "*wəḵî*": "waw conjunction + interrogative particle - and indeed", "*hiṣṣîlû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - they delivered", "*ʾeṯ-šōmərôn*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Samaria", "*miyyāḏî*": "preposition + noun + 1st person singular suffix - from my hand" }, "variants": { "*ʾayyēh*": "where/how", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "gods of/deities of", "*hiṣṣîlû*": "delivered/rescued/saved", "*šōmərôn*": "Samaria (capital of Northern Kingdom)", "*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power/my control" } } 20 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.20", "source": "מִ֗י בְּכָל־אֱלֹהֵ֤י הָֽאֲרָצוֹת֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה אֲשֶׁר־הִצִּ֥ילוּ אֶת־אַרְצָ֖ם מִיָּדִ֑י כִּֽי־יַצִּ֧יל יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם מִיָּדִֽי", "text": "Who *mî bəḵāl-ʾĕlōhê hā-ʾărāṣôṯ hāʾēlleh* who *ʾăšer-hiṣṣîlû ʾeṯ-ʾarṣām* from my hand *miyyāḏî* that *kî-yaṣṣîl YHWH ʾeṯ-yərûšālaim* from my hand *miyyāḏî*?", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*bəḵāl*": "preposition + construct noun - among all", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct plural of אֱלֹהִים - gods of", "*hā-ʾărāṣôṯ*": "definite article + noun feminine plural - the lands", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative plural - these", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*hiṣṣîlû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - they delivered", "*ʾeṯ-ʾarṣām*": "direct object marker + noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their land", "*miyyāḏî*": "preposition + noun + 1st person singular suffix - from my hand", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*yaṣṣîl*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will deliver", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*ʾeṯ-yərûšālaim*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Jerusalem", "*miyyāḏî*": "preposition + noun + 1st person singular suffix - from my hand" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhê*": "gods of/deities of", "*ʾărāṣôṯ*": "lands/countries/territories", "*hiṣṣîlû*": "delivered/rescued/saved", "*yaṣṣîl*": "will deliver/rescue/save", "*yāḏî*": "my hand/my power/my control" } } 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.21", "source": "וַֽיַּחֲרִ֔ישׁוּ וְלֹֽא־עָנ֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ דָּבָ֑ר כִּֽי־מִצְוַ֨ת הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ הִ֛יא לֵאמֹ֖ר לֹ֥א תַעֲנֻֽהוּ", "text": "And *wayyaḥărîšû* and *wəlōʾ-ʿānû ʾōṯô dāḇār* for *kî-miṣwaṯ ham-melek hîʾ* saying *lēʾmōr lōʾ ṯaʿănûhû*", "grammar": { "*wayyaḥărîšû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they kept silent", "*wəlōʾ-ʿānû*": "waw conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they did not answer", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*dāḇār*": "noun masculine singular - word/thing", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*miṣwaṯ*": "construct noun feminine singular - command of", "*ham-melek*": "definite article + noun - the king", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - it", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaʿănûhû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - you shall answer him" }, "variants": { "*yaḥărîšû*": "kept silent/were quiet/held their peace", "*ʿānû*": "answered/responded/replied", "*dāḇār*": "word/matter/thing", "*miṣwaṯ*": "command/commandment/order", "*ṯaʿănûhû*": "you shall answer him/respond to him" } } 22 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.22", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּ֣הוּ אֲשֶׁר־עַל־הַ֠בַּיִת וְשֶׁבְנָ֨א הַסּוֹפֵ֜ר וְיוֹאָ֨ח בֶּן־אָסָ֧ף הַמַּזְכִּ֛יר אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ קְרוּעֵ֣י בְגָדִ֑ים וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ ל֔וֹ אֵ֖ת דִּבְרֵ֥י רַב שָׁקֵֽה", "text": "And *wayyāḇōʾ ʾelyāqîm ben-ḥilqîyāhû* who *ʾăšer-ʿal-hab-bayiṯ* and *wəšeḇnāʾ has-sôp̄ēr* and *wəyôʾāḥ ben-ʾāsāp̄ ham-mazkîr* to *ʾel-ḥizqîyāhû* *qərûʿê ḇəḡāḏîm* and *wayyaggîḏû lô* *ʾēṯ diḇrê raḇ šāqēh*", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and came", "*ʾelyāqîm ben-ḥilqîyāhû*": "proper noun + construct noun + proper noun - Eliakim son of Hilkiah", "*ʾăšer-ʿal-hab-bayiṯ*": "relative particle + preposition + definite article + noun - who was over the house", "*wəšeḇnāʾ*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Shebna", "*has-sôp̄ēr*": "definite article + noun - the scribe", "*wəyôʾāḥ*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Joah", "*ben-ʾāsāp̄*": "construct noun + proper noun - son of Asaph", "*ham-mazkîr*": "definite article + hiphil participle - the recorder", "*ʾel-ḥizqîyāhû*": "preposition + proper noun - to Hezekiah", "*qərûʿê*": "passive participle construct masculine plural - torn of", "*ḇəḡāḏîm*": "noun masculine plural - garments", "*wayyaggîḏû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they told", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*diḇrê*": "construct plural noun - words of", "*raḇ šāqēh*": "title/position - Rabshakeh" }, "variants": { "*yāḇōʾ*": "came/went/entered", "*ʿal-hab-bayiṯ*": "over the house/palace administrator", "*sôp̄ēr*": "scribe/secretary", "*mazkîr*": "recorder/chronicler/remembrancer", "*qərûʿê ḇəḡāḏîm*": "with torn clothes/with rent garments", "*yaggîḏû*": "told/declared/reported" } }
• Jer 8:1-3 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.8.1", "source": "בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֣יא נְאֻם־יְהוָ֡ה *ויציאו **יוֹצִ֣יאוּ אֶת־עַצְמ֣וֹת מַלְכֵֽי־יְהוּדָ֣ה וְאֶת־עַצְמוֹת־שָׂרָיו֩ וְאֶת־עַצְמ֨וֹת הַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים וְאֵ֣ת ׀ עַצְמ֣וֹת הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים וְאֵ֛ת עַצְמ֥וֹת יוֹשְׁבֵֽי־יְרוּשָׁלָ֖͏ִם מִקִּבְרֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "In *ʿēt* the *hîʾ* *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH* they shall *yôṣîʾû* *ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôt* *malkê*-*yᵊhûdāh* and-*ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôt*-*śārāyw* and-*ʾet*-*ʿaṣmôt* the-*kōhănîm* and-*ʾēt* *ʿaṣmôt* the-*nᵊbîʾîm* and-*ʾēt* *ʿaṣmôt* *yôšᵊbê*-*yᵊrûšālāim* from-*qibrêhem*.", "grammar": { "*ʿēt*": "construct state with definite article - time/season", "*hîʾ*": "feminine demonstrative pronoun - that", "*nᵊʾum*": "construct state - utterance/declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*yôṣîʾû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - they will bring out/cause to go out", "*ʿaṣmôt*": "plural construct of *ʿeṣem* - bones of", "*malkê*": "plural construct of *melek* - kings of", "*yᵊhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*śārāyw*": "plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his officials/princes", "*kōhănîm*": "plural noun with definite article - the priests", "*nᵊbîʾîm*": "plural noun with definite article - the prophets", "*yôšᵊbê*": "masculine plural construct participle of *yāšab* - inhabitants/dwellers of", "*yᵊrûšālāim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*qibrêhem*": "plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their graves" }, "variants": { "*ʿēt*": "time/season/appointed time", "*nᵊʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle", "*yôṣîʾû*": "bring out/take out/remove", "*ʿaṣmôt*": "bones/body/essence", "*śārāyw*": "his officials/princes/nobles", "*qibrêhem*": "their graves/tombs/burial places" } } 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.8.2", "source": "וּשְׁטָחוּם֩ לַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְלַיָּרֵ֜חַ וּלְכֹ֣ל ׀ צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲהֵב֜וּם וַאֲשֶׁ֤ר עֲבָדוּם֙ וַֽאֲשֶׁר֙ הָלְכ֣וּ אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר דְּרָשׁ֔וּם וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר הִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם לֹ֤א יֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִקָּבֵ֔רוּ לְדֹ֛מֶן עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָ֖ה יִֽהְיֽוּ׃", "text": "And-they shall *šᵊṭāḥûm* to-the-*šemeš* and-to-the-*yārēaḥ* and-to-*kōl* *ṣᵊbāʾ* the-*šāmayim* which they *ʾăhēbûm* and-which they *ʿăbādûm* and-which they *hālᵊkû* *ʾaḥărêhem* and-which they *dᵊrāšûm* and-which they *hištaḥăwû* to-them. Not they shall *yēʾāsᵊpû* and-not they shall *yiqqābērû*; for-*dōmen* upon-*pᵊnê* the-*ʾădāmāh* they shall *yihyû*.", "grammar": { "*šᵊṭāḥûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they will spread them out", "*šemeš*": "noun with definite article - the sun", "*yārēaḥ*": "noun with definite article - the moon", "*kōl*": "construct state - all of/entirety of", "*ṣᵊbāʾ*": "construct state - host/army of", "*šāmayim*": "noun with definite article - the heavens/sky", "*ʾăhēbûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they loved them", "*ʿăbādûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they served them", "*hālᵊkû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they walked/went", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - after them", "*dᵊrāšûm*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they sought them", "*hištaḥăwû*": "hitpael perfect 3rd person plural - they bowed down/prostrated themselves", "*yēʾāsᵊpû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be gathered", "*yiqqābērû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be buried", "*dōmen*": "noun - dung/manure", "*pᵊnê*": "construct plural of *pānîm* - face/surface of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun with definite article - the ground/earth/land", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person plural - they will be" }, "variants": { "*šᵊṭāḥûm*": "spread out/scatter/expose", "*šemeš*": "sun/sunlight", "*yārēaḥ*": "moon/month", "*ṣᵊbāʾ*": "host/army/assemblage", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʾăhēbûm*": "loved/desired/preferred them", "*ʿăbādûm*": "served/worked for/worshipped them", "*hālᵊkû*": "walked/went/followed", "*dᵊrāšûm*": "sought/inquired of/consulted them", "*hištaḥăwû*": "bowed down/prostrated/worshipped", "*dōmen*": "dung/manure/refuse", "*pᵊnê*": "face/surface/presence" } } 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.8.3", "source": "וְנִבְחַ֥ר מָ֙וֶת֙ מֵֽחַיִּ֔ים לְכֹ֗ל הַשְּׁאֵרִית֙ הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֔ים מִן־הַמִּשְׁפָּחָ֥ה הָֽרָעָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את בְּכָל־הַמְּקֹמ֤וֹת הַנִּשְׁאָרִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִדַּחְתִּ֣ים שָׁ֔ם נְאֻ֖ם יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-shall be *nibḥar* *māwet* from-*ḥayyîm* to-*kōl* the-*šᵊʾērît* the-*niš'ārîm* from-the-*mišpāḥāh* the-*rāʿāh* the-*zōʾt*, in-all-the-*mᵊqōmôt* the-*niš'ārîm* which I *hiddaḥtîm* there, *nᵊʾum* *YHWH* *ṣᵊbāʾôt*.", "grammar": { "*nibḥar*": "niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be chosen", "*māwet*": "noun - death", "*ḥayyîm*": "plural noun - life", "*kōl*": "construct state - all of", "*šᵊʾērît*": "noun with definite article - the remnant/remainder", "*niš'ārîm*": "niphal participle masculine plural with definite article - the ones remaining/left", "*mišpāḥāh*": "noun with definite article - the family/clan", "*rāʿāh*": "adjective feminine singular with definite article - the evil/wicked", "*zōʾt*": "feminine demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this", "*mᵊqōmôt*": "plural noun with definite article - the places", "*hiddaḥtîm*": "hiphil perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I have driven/banished them", "*nᵊʾum*": "construct state - utterance/declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣᵊbāʾôt*": "plural noun - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*nibḥar*": "chosen/selected/preferred", "*māwet*": "death/dying", "*ḥayyîm*": "life/living", "*šᵊʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors", "*niš'ārîm*": "remaining/surviving/left over", "*mišpāḥāh*": "family/clan/kindred", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/wicked/harmful", "*mᵊqōmôt*": "places/locations/sites", "*hiddaḥtîm*": "driven/banished/scattered them", "*ṣᵊbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/celestial bodies" } }
• Jer 22:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.18", "source": "׃22 18 לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל־יְהוֹיָקִ֤ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה לֹא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי אָחִ֖י וְה֣וֹי אָח֑וֹת לֹא־יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי אָד֖וֹן וְה֥וֹי הֹדֹֽה׃", "text": "Therefore thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* concerning *Yᵉhôyāqîm* son of *Yōʾšiyyāhû* *melek* *Yᵉhûdāh*: Not *yispᵉdû* for him, '*Hôy* *ʾāḥî*' and '*Hôy* *ʾāḥôt*'; not *yispᵉdû* for him, '*Hôy* *ʾādôn*' and '*Hôy* *hōdōh*'.", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*kōh-ʾāmar*": "adverb + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - thus said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾel-Yᵉhôyāqîm*": "preposition + proper noun - concerning Jehoiakim", "*ben-Yōʾšiyyāhû*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Josiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*lōʾ-yispᵉdû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd common plural, qal - they will not lament", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for him", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*ʾāḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my brother", "*wᵉ-hôy*": "conjunction + interjection - and woe/alas", "*ʾāḥôt*": "noun, feminine singular - sister", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*ʾādôn*": "noun, masculine singular - lord/master", "*wᵉ-hôy*": "conjunction + interjection - and woe/alas", "*hōdōh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his majesty" }, "variants": { "*yispᵉdû*": "they will lament/mourn/wail", "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*ʾāḥî*": "my brother", "*ʾāḥôt*": "sister", "*ʾādôn*": "lord/master/sir", "*hōdōh*": "his majesty/splendor/glory" } } 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.19", "source": "׃22 19 קְבוּרַ֥ת חֲמ֖וֹר יִקָּבֵ֑ר סָח֣וֹב וְהַשְׁלֵ֔ךְ מֵהָ֖לְאָה לְשַׁעֲרֵ֥י יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃ ס", "text": "*Qᵉbûrat* *ḥămôr* *yiqqābēr*, *sāḥôb* and *hašlēk* beyond to *šaʿărê* *Yᵉrûšālāim*.", "grammar": { "*qᵉbûrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - burial of", "*ḥămôr*": "noun, masculine singular - donkey", "*yiqqābēr*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - he will be buried", "*sāḥôb*": "infinitive absolute, qal - dragging", "*wᵉ-hašlēk*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute, hiphil - and throwing", "*mē-hālʾāh*": "preposition + adverb - beyond/outside", "*lᵉ-šaʿărê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - to gates of", "*Yᵉrûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*qᵉbûrat ḥămôr*": "burial of a donkey/donkey's burial", "*yiqqābēr*": "he will be buried/entombed", "*sāḥôb*": "dragging/pulling", "*hašlēk*": "throwing/casting/flinging", "*hālʾāh*": "beyond/farther/outside" } }
• Jer 34:19-22 : 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.34.19", "source": "שָׂרֵ֨י יְהוּדָ֜ה וְשָׂרֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הַסָּֽרִסִים֙ וְהַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים וְכֹ֖ל עַ֣ם הָאָ֑רֶץ הָעֹ֣בְרִ֔ים בֵּ֖ין בִּתְרֵ֥י הָעֵֽגֶל׃", "text": "*śārê* *yəhûdāh* and *śārê* *yərûšālayim*, the *sārîsîm* and the *kōhănîm*, and all *ʿam* the *ʾāreṣ*, the *ʿōbərîm* between *bitrê* the *ʿēgel*", "grammar": { "*śārê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - officials of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - officials of", "*yərûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*sārîsîm*": "noun, masculine, plural, definite - the officials/eunuchs", "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine, plural, definite - the priests", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - people of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, definite - the land", "*ʿōbərîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural, definite - the ones passing", "*bitrê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - pieces of", "*ʿēgel*": "noun, masculine, singular, definite - the calf" }, "variants": { "*śārê*": "officials/princes/nobles", "*sārîsîm*": "officials/eunuchs/courtiers", "*kōhănîm*": "priests/religious officials", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/population", "*ʿōbərîm*": "the ones passing/the ones walking/the ones going" } } 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.34.20", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֤י אוֹתָם֙ בְּיַ֣ד אֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔ם וּבְיַ֖ד מְבַקְשֵׁ֣י נַפְשָׁ֑ם וְהָיְתָ֤ה נִבְלָתָם֙ לְמַֽאֲכָ֔ל לְע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְבֶהֱמַ֥ת הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And I *nātattî* them into *yad* *ʾōyəbêhem* and into *yad* *məbaqšê* their *napšām*, and *hāyətāh* their *niblātām* for *maʾăkāl* for *ʿôp* the *šāmayim* and for *behemat* the *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st common singular - I will give", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - hand of", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - hand of", "*məbaqšê*": "verb, piel participle, masculine plural, construct - seekers of", "*napšām*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their life", "*hāyətāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be", "*niblātām*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their corpse", "*maʾăkāl*": "noun, masculine, singular - food", "*ʿôp*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - birds of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural, definite - the heavens", "*behemat*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - beasts of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, definite - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*nātattî*": "I will give/I will deliver/I will hand over", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "their enemies/their foes", "*məbaqšê*": "seekers of/those who seek", "*napšām*": "their life/their soul/their breath", "*hāyətāh*": "she will be/it will become", "*niblātām*": "their corpse/their dead body", "*maʾăkāl*": "food/sustenance/prey" } } 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.34.21", "source": "וְאֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה וְאֶת־שָׂרָ֗יו אֶתֵּן֙ בְּיַ֣ד אֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔ם וּבְיַ֖ד מְבַקְשֵׁ֣י נַפְשָׁ֑ם וּבְיַ֗ד\n חֵ֚יל מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל הָעֹלִ֖ים מֵעֲלֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-*ṣidqiyyāhû* *melek*-*yəhûdāh* and *ʾet*-his *śārāyw* I *ʾettēn* into *yad* their *ʾōyəbêhem* and into *yad* *məbaqšê* their *napšām*, and into *yad* *ḥêl* *melek* *bābel* the *ʿōlîm* from upon you", "grammar": { "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine - Zedekiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, construct - king of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*śārāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his officials", "*ʾettēn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will give", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - hand of", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - hand of", "*məbaqšê*": "verb, piel participle, masculine plural, construct - seekers of", "*napšām*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their life", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - hand of", "*ḥêl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - army of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʿōlîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural, definite - the ones going up" }, "variants": { "*śārāyw*": "his officials/his princes/his nobles", "*ʾettēn*": "I will give/I will deliver/I will hand over", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "their enemies/their foes", "*məbaqšê*": "seekers of/those who seek", "*napšām*": "their life/their soul/their breath", "*ḥêl*": "army/force/strength", "*ʿōlîm*": "the ones going up/the ones withdrawing/the ones departing" } } 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.34.22", "source": "הִנְנִ֨י מְצַוֶּ֜ה נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה וַהֲשִׁ֨בֹתִ֜ים אֶל־הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ וְנִלְחֲמ֣וּ עָלֶ֔יהָ וּלְכָד֖וּהָ וּשְׂרָפֻ֣הָ בָאֵ֑שׁ וְאֶת־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה אֶתֵּ֥ן שְׁמָמָ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ין יֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "Behold I *məṣawweh* *nəʾum*-*yhwh* and I *hăšibōtîm* to the *ʿîr* the *zōʾt*, and they will *nilḥămû* against her, and they will *ləkādûhā* and they will *śərāpuhā* with the *ʾēš*, and *ʾet*-*ʿārê* *yəhûdāh* I *ʾettēn* *šəmāmāh* from *ʾên* *yōšēb*", "grammar": { "*məṣawweh*": "verb, piel participle, masculine singular - commanding", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - declaration of", "*yhwh*": "proper noun, divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*hăšibōtîm*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st common singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will bring them back", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular, definite - the city", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this", "*nilḥămû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they will fight", "*ləkādûhā*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - they will capture her", "*śərāpuhā*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - they will burn her", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular, definite - the fire", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - cities of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʾettēn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will make", "*šəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - desolation", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - without", "*yōšēb*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - inhabitant" }, "variants": { "*məṣawweh*": "commanding/ordering/instructing", "*hăšibōtîm*": "I will bring them back/I will return them/I will restore them", "*nilḥămû*": "they will fight/they will battle/they will wage war", "*ləkādûhā*": "they will capture her/they will seize her/they will take her", "*śərāpuhā*": "they will burn her/they will set her on fire", "*ʾettēn*": "I will make/I will set/I will place", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/desert", "*yōšēb*": "inhabitant/resident/dweller" } }
• Jer 39:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.1", "source": "בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַ֠תְּשִׁעִית לְצִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂרִ֗י בָּ֠א נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֨ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֤ל וְכָל־חֵילוֹ֙ אֶל־יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "In *šānāh* the *təšīʿīt* to *ṣidqiyyāhū* *melek*-*yəhūdāh* in *ḥōdeš* the *ʿăśīrī*, *bāʾ* *nəbūkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* and-all-*ḥêlô* to-*yərūšālaim*, and-*yāṣurū* against-her.", "grammar": { "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - year", "*təšīʿīt*": "ordinal number, feminine, singular - ninth", "*ṣidqiyyāhū*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*yəhūdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*ḥōdeš*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - month", "*ʿăśīrī*": "ordinal number, masculine, singular - tenth", "*bāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - came/entered", "*nəbūkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper name, masculine - Nebuchadnezzar", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon", "*ḥêlô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his army/force", "*yərūšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*yāṣurū*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person plural + waw consecutive - and they besieged", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - against her" }, "variants": { "*bāʾ*": "came/entered/arrived", "*yāṣurū*": "besieged/laid siege to/encircled", "*ḥêlô*": "army/military force/troops" } } 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.2", "source": "בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ לְצִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הָרְבִיעִ֖י בְּתִשְׁעָ֣ה לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ הָבְקְעָ֖ה הָעִֽיר׃", "text": "In *ʿaštê*-*ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* to *ṣidqiyyāhū*, in *ḥōdeš* the *rəbîʿî*, in *tišʿāh* to-the-*ḥōdeš*, *hābqəʿāh* the-*ʿîr*.", "grammar": { "*ʿaštê*-*ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number, feminine - eleven", "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - year", "*ṣidqiyyāhū*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*ḥōdeš*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - month", "*rəbîʿî*": "ordinal number, masculine, singular - fourth", "*tišʿāh*": "cardinal number - nine/ninth", "*ḥōdeš*": "noun, masculine, singular - month", "*hābqəʿāh*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was breached/broken through", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the city" }, "variants": { "*hābqəʿāh*": "was breached/broken into/broken through", "*ʿîr*": "city/town" } } 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.3", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֗אוּ כֹּ֚ל שָׂרֵ֣י מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֔ל וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּ בְּשַׁ֣עַר הַתָּ֑וֶךְ נֵרְגַ֣ל שַׂר־אֶ֠צֶר סַֽמְגַּר־נְב֞וּ שַׂר־סְכִ֣ים רַב־סָרִ֗יס נֵרְגַ֤ל שַׂר־אֶ֙צֶר֙ רַב־מָ֔ג וְכָל־שְׁאֵרִ֔ית שָׂרֵ֖י מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "And-*yābōʾû* all *śārê* *melek*-*bābel* and-*yēšəbû* in-*šaʿar* the-*tāwek*: *nērəgal* *śar*-*ʾeṣer*, *samgar*-*nəbû*, *śar*-*səkîm* *rab*-*sārîs*, *nērəgal* *śar*-*ʾeṣer* *rab*-*māg*, and-all-*šəʾērît* *śārê* *melek* *bābel*.", "grammar": { "*yābōʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they came/entered", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - officials/princes of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon", "*yēšəbû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they sat/settled", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - gate of", "*tāwek*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the middle/center", "*nērəgal*": "proper name, masculine - Nergal", "*śar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - official/prince of", "*ʾeṣer*": "proper name - Ezer/Sharezer", "*samgar*": "proper name - Samgar", "*nəbû*": "proper name - Nebo", "*səkîm*": "proper name - Sekim", "*rab*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - chief of", "*sārîs*": "noun, masculine, singular - eunuch/court official", "*māg*": "noun, masculine, singular - magician/wise man", "*šəʾērît*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - remainder/rest of", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - officials/princes of" }, "variants": { "*yēšəbû*": "sat/settled/dwelled/took position", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance", "*tāwek*": "middle/center/midst", "*rab*-*sārîs*": "chief eunuch/chief court official", "*rab*-*māg*": "chief magician/chief of the magi/chief wise man" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.4", "source": "וַיְהִ֡י כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר רָ֠אָם צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה וְכֹ֣ל ׀ אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה וַֽ֠יִּבְרְחוּ וַיֵּצְא֨וּ לַ֤יְלָה מִן־הָעִיר֙ דֶּ֚רֶךְ גַּ֣ן הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ בְּשַׁ֖עַר בֵּ֣ין הַחֹמֹתָ֑יִם וַיֵּצֵ֖א דֶּ֥רֶךְ הָעֲרָבָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayəhî* when *rāʾām* *ṣidqiyyāhû* *melek*-*yəhûdāh* and-all *ʾanšê* the-*milḥāmāh*, and-*yibrəḥû* and-*yēṣəʾû* *laylāh* from-the-*ʿîr* *derek* *gan* the-*melek*, in-*šaʿar* between the-*ḥōmōtayim*, and-*yēṣēʾ* *derek* the-*ʿărābāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and it happened/came to pass", "*rāʾām*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he saw them", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - men of", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the war/battle", "*yibrəḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they fled", "*yēṣəʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they went out", "*laylāh*": "noun, masculine, singular - night", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the city", "*derek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - way of/road to", "*gan*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - garden of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the king", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine, singular - gate", "*ḥōmōtayim*": "noun, feminine, dual with definite article - the two walls", "*yēṣēʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he went out", "*ʿărābāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the Arabah/plain" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšê* the-*milḥāmāh*": "men of war/warriors/soldiers", "*laylāh*": "night/at night", "*derek*": "way/road/path/direction", "*ḥōmōtayim*": "two walls/double wall", "*ʿărābāh*": "Arabah/desert plain/wilderness" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.5", "source": "וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ חֵיל־כַּשְׂדִּ֜ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשִּׂ֣גוּ אֶת־צִדְקִיָּהוּ֮ בְּעַֽרְב֣וֹת יְרֵחוֹ֒ וַיִּקְח֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ וַֽ֠יַּעֲלֻהוּ אֶל־נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֧ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל רִבְלָ֖תָה בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֲמָ֑ת וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ מִשְׁפָּטִֽים׃", "text": "And-*yirdəpû* *ḥêl*-*kaśdîm* after-them, and-*yaśśîgû* *ʾet*-*ṣidqiyyāhû* in-*ʿarbôt* *yərēḥô*, and-*yiqḥû* him and-*yaʿăluhû* to-*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* *riblātāh* in-*ʾereṣ* *ḥămāt*, and-*yədabbēr* with-him *mišpāṭîm*.", "grammar": { "*yirdəpû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they pursued", "*ḥêl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - army/force of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper name, masculine, plural - Chaldeans", "*yaśśîgû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they overtook/caught", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*ʿarbôt*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - plains of", "*yərēḥô*": "proper name - Jericho", "*yiqḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they took", "*yaʿăluhû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix + waw consecutive - and they brought him up", "*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper name, masculine - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon", "*riblātāh*": "proper name with directional he - to Riblah", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - land of", "*ḥămāt*": "proper name - Hamath", "*yədabbēr*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he spoke", "*mišpāṭîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - judgments" }, "variants": { "*ḥêl*-*kaśdîm*": "army of the Chaldeans/Chaldean forces", "*yaśśîgû*": "overtook/caught/reached/captured", "*ʿarbôt*": "plains/desert plains/steppes", "*yaʿăluhû*": "brought him up/took him up/led him up", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/sentences/legal decisions/punishments" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.6", "source": "וַיִּשְׁחַט֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ בָּבֶ֜ל אֶת־בְּנֵ֧י צִדְקִיָּ֛הוּ בְּרִבְלָ֖ה לְעֵינָ֑יו וְאֵת֙ כָּל־חֹרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה שָׁחַ֖ט מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "And-*yišḥaṭ* *melek* *bābel* *ʾet*-*bənê* *ṣidqiyyāhû* in-*riblāh* before-his-eyes, and-*ʾēt* all-*ḥōrê* *yəhûdāh* *šāḥaṭ* *melek* *bābel*.", "grammar": { "*yišḥaṭ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he slaughtered", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - sons of", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*riblāh*": "proper name - Riblah", "*ləʿênāyw*": "preposition + noun, feminine, dual + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before his eyes", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ḥōrê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - nobles of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*šāḥaṭ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he slaughtered" }, "variants": { "*yišḥaṭ*": "slaughtered/butchered/killed", "*bənê*": "sons/children", "*ḥōrê*": "nobles/officials/free men" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.7", "source": "וְאֶת־עֵינֵ֥י צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ עִוֵּ֑ר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם לָבִ֥יא אֹת֖וֹ בָּבֶֽלָה׃", "text": "And-*ʾet*-*ʿênê* *ṣidqiyyāhû* *ʿiwwēr*, and-*yaʾasrēhû* in-the-*nəḥuštayim* to-*lābîʾ* him *bābelāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine, dual, construct - eyes of", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Zedekiah", "*ʿiwwēr*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he blinded", "*yaʾasrēhû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix + waw consecutive - and he bound him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "noun, feminine, dual with definite article - the bronze fetters/chains", "*lābîʾ*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to bring", "*bābelāh*": "proper name with directional he - to Babylon" }, "variants": { "*ʿiwwēr*": "blinded/made blind", "*yaʾasrēhû*": "bound him/tied him/shackled him", "*nəḥuštayim*": "bronze fetters/chains/shackles/double chains", "*lābîʾ*": "to bring/to lead/to carry" } } 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.8", "source": "וְאֶת־בֵּ֤ית הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית הָעָ֔ם שָׂרְפ֥וּ הַכַּשְׂדִּ֖ים בָּאֵ֑שׁ וְאֶת־חֹמ֥וֹת יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם נָתָֽצוּ׃", "text": "And-*ʾet*-*bêt* the-*melek* and-*ʾet*-*bêt* the-*ʿām* *śārpû* the-*kaśdîm* with-the-*ʾēš*, and-*ʾet*-*ḥōmôt* *yərûšālaim* *nātāṣû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - house of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the king", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the people", "*śārpû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they burned", "*kaśdîm*": "proper name, masculine, plural with definite article - the Chaldeans", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the fire", "*ḥōmôt*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - walls of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*nātāṣû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they broke down" }, "variants": { "*bêt*": "house/palace/temple", "*śārpû*": "burned/set on fire", "*nātāṣû*": "broke down/tore down/demolished/destroyed" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.9", "source": "וְאֵת֩ יֶ֨תֶר הָעָ֜ם הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּעִ֗יר וְאֶת־הַנֹּֽפְלִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָפְל֣וּ עָלָ֔יו וְאֵ֛ת יֶ֥תֶר הָעָ֖ם הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֑ים הֶגְלָ֛ה נְבֽוּזַר־אֲדָ֥ן רַב־טַבָּחִ֖ים בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "And-*ʾēt* *yeter* the-*ʿām* the-*nišʾārîm* in-the-*ʿîr* and-*ʾet*-the-*nōpəlîm* who *nāpəlû* to-him, and-*ʾēt* *yeter* the-*ʿām* the-*nišʾārîm*, *heglāh* *nəbûzar*-*ʾădān* *rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm* *bābel*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yeter*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - remainder of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the people", "*nišʾārîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones remaining", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the city", "*nōpəlîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones falling/deserting", "*nāpəlû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they fell/deserted", "*heglāh*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he exiled", "*nəbûzar*-*ʾădān*": "proper name, masculine - Nebuzaradan", "*rab*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - guards/executioners", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*yeter*": "remainder/rest/remnant", "*nišʾārîm*": "remaining/left over/staying", "*nōpəlîm*": "falling/deserting/defecting", "*nāpəlû*": "fell/deserted/defected/went over", "*heglāh*": "exiled/deported/carried away", "*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*": "chief of the guard/captain of the bodyguard/chief executioner" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.10", "source": "וּמִן־הָעָ֣ם הַדַּלִּ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֵין־לָהֶם֙ מְא֔וּמָה הִשְׁאִ֛יר נְבוּזַרְאֲדָ֥ן רַב־טַבָּחִ֖ים בְּאֶ֣רֶץ יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיִּתֵּ֥ן לָהֶ֛ם כְּרָמִ֥ים וִֽיגֵבִ֖ים בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא׃", "text": "And-from-the-*ʿām* the-*dallîm* who *ʾên*-to-them *məʾûmāh*, *hišʾîr* *nəbûzarʾădān* *rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm* in-*ʾereṣ* *yəhûdāh*, and-*yittēn* to-them *kərāmîm* and-*yəgēbîm* in-the-*yôm* the-that.", "grammar": { "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the people", "*dallîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the poor", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*məʾûmāh*": "noun, masculine, singular - anything", "*hišʾîr*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he left/left behind", "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "proper name, masculine - Nebuzaradan", "*rab*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - guards/executioners", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - land of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*yittēn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he gave", "*kərāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - vineyards", "*yəgēbîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - fields", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the day" }, "variants": { "*dallîm*": "poor/impoverished/weak/lowly", "*məʾûmāh*": "anything/something/nothing", "*hišʾîr*": "left/left behind/kept", "*kərāmîm*": "vineyards/orchards", "*yəgēbîm*": "fields/cisterns/agricultural plots" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.11", "source": "וַיְצַ֛ו נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל עַֽל־יִרְמְיָ֑הוּ בְּיַ֛ד נְבוּזַרְאֲדָ֥ן רַב־טַבָּחִ֖ים לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And-*yəṣaw* *nəbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* concerning-*yirməyāhû* by-*yad* *nəbûzarʾădān* *rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm* *lēʾmōr*.", "grammar": { "*yəṣaw*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he commanded", "*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper name, masculine - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon", "*yirməyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Jeremiah", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - hand of", "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "proper name, masculine - Nebuzaradan", "*rab*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - guards/executioners", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*yəṣaw*": "commanded/ordered/charged", "*yad*": "hand/through/by way of" } } 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.12", "source": "קָחֶ֗נּוּ וְעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ שִׂ֣ים עָלָ֔יו וְאַל־תַּ֥עַשׂ ל֖וֹ מְא֣וּמָה רָּ֑ע כִּ֗י *אם כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙ יְדַבֵּ֣ר אֵלֶ֔יךָ כֵּ֖ן עֲשֵׂ֥ה עִמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Qāḥennû* and-*ʿêneyḵā* *śîm* upon-him and-not-*taʿaś* to-him *məʾûmāh* *rāʿ*, but as-which *yədabbēr* to-you, so *ʿăśēh* with-him.", "grammar": { "*Qāḥennû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - take him", "*ʿêneyḵā*": "noun, feminine, dual construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*śîm*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - place/set", "*taʿaś*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular + negative particle - do not do", "*məʾûmāh*": "noun, masculine, singular - anything", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad", "*yədabbēr*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he speaks", "*ʿăśēh*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - do" }, "variants": { "*Qāḥennû*": "take him/get him/fetch him", "*śîm* *ʿêneyḵā*": "set your eyes/watch over/pay attention to", "*məʾûmāh* *rāʿ*": "anything bad/any harm/any evil thing", "*ʿăśēh*": "do/perform/act" } } 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.13", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֞ח נְבֽוּזַרְאֲדָ֣ן רַב־טַבָּחִ֗ים וּנְבֽוּשַׁזְבָּן֙‪[6]‬ רַב־סָרִ֔יס וְנֵרְגַ֥ל שַׂר־אֶ֖צֶר רַב־מָ֑ג וְכֹ֖ל רַבֵּ֥י מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "And-*yišlaḥ* *nəbûzarʾădān* *rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm* and-*nəbûšazəbān* *rab*-*sārîs* and-*nērəgal* *śar*-*ʾeṣer* *rab*-*māg* and-all *rabbê* *melek*-*bābel*.", "grammar": { "*yišlaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he sent", "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "proper name, masculine - Nebuzaradan", "*rab*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - guards/executioners", "*nəbûšazəbān*": "proper name, masculine - Nebushazban", "*sārîs*": "noun, masculine, singular - eunuch/court official", "*nērəgal*": "proper name, masculine - Nergal", "*śar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - prince/official of", "*ʾeṣer*": "proper name - Ezer/Sharezer", "*māg*": "noun, masculine, singular - magician/wise man", "*rabbê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - chiefs/officials of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper name - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*yišlaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*rab*-*sārîs*": "chief eunuch/chief court official", "*rab*-*māg*": "chief magician/chief of the magi/chief wise man", "*rabbê*": "chiefs/officials/great ones" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.14", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ֩ וַיִּקְח֨וּ אֶֽת־יִרְמְיָ֜הוּ מֵחֲצַ֣ר הַמַּטָּרָ֗ה וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ אֹתוֹ֙ אֶל־גְּדַלְיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־אֲחִיקָ֣ם בֶּן־שָׁפָ֔ן לְהוֹצִאֵ֖הוּ אֶל־הַבָּ֑יִת וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּת֥וֹךְ הָעָֽם׃", "text": "And-*yišləḥû* and-*yiqḥû* *ʾet*-*yirməyāhû* from-*ḥăṣar* the-*maṭṭārāh*, and-*yittənû* him to-*gədalyāhû* *ben*-*ʾăḥîqām* *ben*-*šāpān* to-*hôṣîʾēhû* to-the-*bayit*, and-*yēšeb* in-*tôḵ* the-*ʿām*.", "grammar": { "*yišləḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they sent", "*yiqḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they took", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yirməyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Jeremiah", "*ḥăṣar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - court of", "*maṭṭārāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the guard", "*yittənû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + waw consecutive - and they gave", "*gədalyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Gedaliah", "*ben*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - son of", "*ʾăḥîqām*": "proper name, masculine - Ahikam", "*šāpān*": "proper name, masculine - Shaphan", "*hôṣîʾēhû*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to bring him out", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the house", "*yēšeb*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he dwelled", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - midst of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the people" }, "variants": { "*ḥăṣar* the-*maṭṭārāh*": "court of the guard/prison courtyard/guardhouse", "*hôṣîʾēhû*": "to bring him out/to lead him out", "*bayit*": "house/home/palace", "*yēšeb*": "dwelled/lived/remained/stayed", "*tôḵ*": "midst/among/within" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.15", "source": "וְאֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ הָיָ֣ה דְבַר־יְהוָ֑ה בִּֽהְיֹת֣וֹ עָצ֔וּר בַּחֲצַ֥ר הַמַּטָּרָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And-to-*yirməyāhû* *hāyāh* *dəbar*-*YHWH* in-*hĕyôtô* *ʿāṣûr* in-*ḥăṣar* the-*maṭṭārāh* *lēʾmōr*.", "grammar": { "*yirməyāhû*": "proper name, masculine - Jeremiah", "*hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was/came", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*hĕyôtô*": "verb, qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his being", "*ʿāṣûr*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine singular - confined/detained", "*ḥăṣar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - court of", "*maṭṭārāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the guard", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*dəbar*-*YHWH*": "word of Yahweh/message from the LORD", "*ʿāṣûr*": "confined/detained/imprisoned/shut up", "*ḥăṣar* the-*maṭṭārāh*": "court of the guard/prison courtyard/guardhouse" } } 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.16", "source": "הָל֣וֹךְ וְאָמַרְתָּ֡ לְעֶבֶד־מֶ֨לֶךְ הַכּוּשִׁ֜י לֵאמֹ֗ר כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִי֩ *מבי **מֵבִ֨יא אֶת־דְּבָרַ֜י אֶל־הָעִ֥יר הַזֹּ֛את לְרָעָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א לְטוֹבָ֑ה וְהָי֥וּ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא׃", "text": "*Hālôḵ* and-*ʾāmartā* to-*ʿebed*-*melek* the-*kûšî* *lēʾmōr*, thus-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl*: Behold-me *mēbîʾ* *ʾet*-*dəbāray* to-the-*ʿîr* the-this for-*rāʿāh* and-not for-*ṭôbāh*, and-*hāyû* before-you in-the-*yôm* the-that.", "grammar": { "*Hālôḵ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - going", "*ʾāmartā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and you shall say", "*ʿebed*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - servant of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular - king", "*kûšî*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the Cushite/Ethiopian", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - hosts/armies", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*mēbîʾ*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - bringing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dəbāray*": "noun, masculine, plural + 1st person singular suffix - my words", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the city", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - evil/disaster", "*ṭôbāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - good/welfare", "*hāyû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural + waw consecutive - and they will be", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the day" }, "variants": { "*Hālôḵ*": "go/going (emphatic)", "*ʿebed*-*melek*": "Ebed-Melech (name meaning 'servant of the king')", "*kûšî*": "Cushite/Ethiopian/from Cush", "*YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*": "Yahweh of hosts/LORD of armies", "*mēbîʾ*": "bringing/about to bring/going to bring", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/harm", "*ṭôbāh*": "good/welfare/prosperity/benefit" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.17", "source": "וְהִצַּלְתִּ֥יךָ בַיּוֹם־הַה֖וּא נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וְלֹ֤א תִנָּתֵן֙ בְּיַ֣ד הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה יָג֖וֹר מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*hiṣṣaltîḵā* in-the-*yôm*-the-that *nəʾum*-*YHWH*, and-not *tinnātēn* in-*yad* the-*ʾănāšîm* whom-you *yāgôr* from-their-faces.", "grammar": { "*hiṣṣaltîḵā*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I will deliver you", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the day", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*tinnātēn*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will be given", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - hand of", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the men", "*yāgôr*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - fearing", "*mipənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from their faces" }, "variants": { "*hiṣṣaltîḵā*": "I will deliver you/I will rescue you/I will save you", "*nəʾum*-*YHWH*": "declaration of Yahweh/says the LORD", "*tinnātēn*": "you will be given/you will be handed over", "*yāgôr*": "fearing/dreading/being afraid of" } } 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.18", "source": "כִּ֤י מַלֵּט֙ אֲמַלֶּטְךָ֔ וּבַחֶ֖רֶב לֹ֣א תִפֹּ֑ל וְהָיְתָ֨ה לְךָ֤ נַפְשְׁךָ֙ לְשָׁלָ֔ל כִּֽי־בָטַ֥חְתָּ בִּ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "For *mallēṭ* *ʾămalleṭḵā*, and-by-the-*ḥereb* not *tippōl*, and-*hāyətāh* to-you *napšəḵā* for-*šālāl*, because-*bāṭaḥtā* in-me *nəʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*mallēṭ*": "verb, piel infinitive absolute - to deliver", "*ʾămalleṭḵā*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I will deliver you", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the sword", "*tippōl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will fall", "*hāyətāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular + waw consecutive - and it will be", "*napšəḵā*": "noun, feminine, singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your life/soul", "*šālāl*": "noun, masculine, singular - spoil/plunder", "*bāṭaḥtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you trusted", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*mallēṭ* *ʾămalleṭḵā*": "I will surely deliver you (emphatic)", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/violence", "*napšəḵā*": "your life/your soul/yourself", "*šālāl*": "spoil/plunder/prize/reward", "*bāṭaḥtā*": "trusted/relied on/put confidence in" } }
• Jer 52:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.1", "source": "בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְאַחַ֤ת שָׁנָה֙ צִדְקִיָּ֣הוּ בְמָלְכ֔וֹ וְאַחַ֤ת עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמּ֔וֹ חמיטל חֲמוּטַ֥ל בַּֽת־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ מִלִּבְנָֽה׃", "text": "*Ben*-*ʿesrîm* *wə*-*ʾaḥat* *šānâ* *ṣidqîyāhû* *bə*-*mālkô* *wə*-*ʾaḥat* *ʿeśrēh* *šānâ* *mālak* *bî*-*rûšālāim* *wə*-*šēm* *ʾimmô* *ḥămûṭal* *bat*-*yirmyāhû* *mi*-*libnâ*", "grammar": { "*ben*": "construct state - son of", "*ʿesrîm*": "cardinal number - twenty", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾaḥat*": "cardinal number, feminine singular - one", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*bə*-*mālkô*": "preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his becoming king/when he began to reign", "*ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number, feminine - ten", "*mālak*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he reigned", "*bî*-*rûšālāim*": "preposition + proper noun - in Jerusalem", "*šēm*": "construct state - name of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*ḥămûṭal*": "proper noun - Hamutal", "*bat*": "construct state - daughter of", "*yirmyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*mi*-*libnâ*": "preposition + proper noun - from Libnah" }, "variants": { "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "Zedekiah (meaning 'Yahweh is my righteousness')", "*mālak*": "reigned/ruled/was king", "*ḥămûṭal*": "Hamutal (name appears as both חמיטל and חֲמוּטַל in text)" } } 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.2", "source": "וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֖ה יְהוֹיָקִֽים׃", "text": "*wa*-*yaʿaś* *hā*-*raʿ* *bə*-*ʿênê* *yhwh* *kə*-*kōl* *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśâ* *yəhôyāqîm*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yaʿaś*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he did", "*hā*-*raʿ*": "definite article + adjective - the evil", "*bə*-*ʿênê*": "preposition + construct plural noun - in eyes of", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*kə*-*kōl*": "preposition + noun - according to all", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did/had done", "*yəhôyāqîm*": "proper noun - Jehoiakim" }, "variants": { "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*ʿênê*": "eyes/sight (figurative for judgment/opinion)" } } 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.3", "source": "כִּ֣י ׀ עַל־אַ֣ף יְהוָ֗ה הָֽיְתָה֙ בִּירוּשָׁלַ֣͏ִם וִֽיהוּדָ֔ה עַד־הִשְׁלִיכ֥וֹ אוֹתָ֖ם מֵעַ֣ל פָּנָ֑יו וַיִּמְרֹ֥ד צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ בְּמֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃", "text": "*kî* *ʿal*-*ʾap* *yhwh* *hāytâ* *bî*-*rûšālaim* *wî*-*hûdâ* *ʿad*-*hišlîkô* *ʾôtām* *mē*-*ʿal* *pānāyw* *wa*-*yimrōd* *ṣidqîyāhû* *bə*-*melek* *bābel*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿal*-*ʾap*": "preposition + noun - on account of anger", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*hāytâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it was/happened", "*bî*-*rûšālaim*": "preposition + proper noun - in Jerusalem", "*wî*-*hûdâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Judah", "*ʿad*-*hišlîkô*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - until his casting", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*mē*-*ʿal*": "compound preposition - from upon", "*pānāyw*": "plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*wa*-*yimrōd*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he rebelled", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*bə*-*melek*": "preposition + noun construct - against king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*hāytâ*": "it was/it happened/it came to be", "*pānāyw*": "his face/his presence", "*yimrōd*": "rebelled/revolted against" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.4", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ בַשָּׁנָ֨ה הַתְּשִׁעִ֜ית לְמָלְכ֗וֹ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂירִי֮ בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר לַחֹדֶשׁ֒ בָּ֠א נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֨ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֜ל ה֤וּא וְכָל־חֵילוֹ֙ עַל־יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ עָלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּבְנ֥וּ עָלֶ֛יהָ דָּיֵ֖ק סָבִֽיב׃", "text": "*wa*-*yəhî* *ba*-*šānâ* *ha*-*təšîʿît* *lə*-*mālkô* *ba*-*ḥōdeš* *hā*-*ʿăśîrî* *be*-*ʿāśôr* *la*-*ḥōdeš* *bāʾ* *nəbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* *hûʾ* *wə*-*kāl*-*ḥêlô* *ʿal*-*yərûšālaim* *wa*-*yaḥănû* *ʿāleyhā* *wa*-*yibnû* *ʿāleyhā* *dāyēq* *sābîb*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*ba*-*šānâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the year", "*ha*-*təšîʿît*": "definite article + ordinal number, feminine - the ninth", "*lə*-*mālkô*": "preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - of his reign", "*ba*-*ḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the month", "*hā*-*ʿăśîrî*": "definite article + ordinal number - the tenth", "*be*-*ʿāśôr*": "preposition + cardinal number - on the tenth [day]", "*la*-*ḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun - of the month", "*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came", "*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*-*bābel*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Babylon", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*wə*-*kāl*-*ḥêlô*": "conjunction + noun construct + noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and all his army", "*ʿal*-*yərûšālaim*": "preposition + proper noun - against Jerusalem", "*wa*-*yaḥănû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they encamped", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - against it", "*wa*-*yibnû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they built", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - against it", "*dāyēq*": "noun - siege wall/rampart", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around" }, "variants": { "*dāyēq*": "siege wall/battering ram/siege works", "*yaḥănû*": "encamped/pitched camp", "*sābîb*": "around/surrounding/on all sides" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.5", "source": "וַתָּבֹ֥א הָעִ֖יר בַּמָּצ֑וֹר עַ֚ד עַשְׁתֵּ֣י עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ צִדְקִיָּֽהוּ׃", "text": "*wa*-*tābōʾ* *hā*-*ʿîr* *ba*-*māṣôr* *ʿad* *ʿaštê* *ʿeśrê* *šānâ* *la*-*melek* *ṣidqîyāhû*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*tābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it came", "*hā*-*ʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine - the city", "*ba*-*māṣôr*": "preposition + definite article + noun - under siege", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʿaštê* *ʿeśrê*": "cardinal number, construct state - eleven", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine - year", "*la*-*melek*": "preposition + noun - of the king", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah" }, "variants": { "*tābōʾ*": "came/entered", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress", "*ʿaštê* *ʿeśrê*": "eleven (feminine form)" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.6", "source": "בַּחֹ֤דֶשׁ הָֽרְבִיעִי֙ בְּתִשְׁעָ֣ה לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ וַיֶּחֱזַ֥ק הָרָעָ֖ב בָּעִ֑יר וְלֹא־הָיָ֥ה לֶ֖חֶם לְעַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*ba*-*ḥōdeš* *hā*-*rəbîʿî* *bə*-*tišʿâ* *la*-*ḥōdeš* *wa*-*yeḥĕzaq* *hā*-*rāʿāb* *bā*-*ʿîr* *wə*-*lōʾ*-*hāyâ* *leḥem* *lə*-*ʿam* *hā*-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*ba*-*ḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the month", "*hā*-*rəbîʿî*": "definite article + ordinal number - the fourth", "*bə*-*tišʿâ*": "preposition + cardinal number - on the ninth [day]", "*la*-*ḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun - of the month", "*wa*-*yeḥĕzaq*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and became severe", "*hā*-*rāʿāb*": "definite article + noun - the famine", "*bā*-*ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the city", "*wə*-*lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - there was", "*leḥem*": "noun - bread/food", "*lə*-*ʿam*": "preposition + noun construct - for people of", "*hā*-*ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun - the land" }, "variants": { "*yeḥĕzaq*": "became strong/severe/intense", "*rāʿāb*": "famine/hunger", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*ʿam* *hā*-*ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people" } } 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.7", "source": "וַתִּבָּקַ֣ע הָעִ֗יר וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֡ה יִבְרְחוּ֩ וַיֵּצְא֨וּ מֵהָעִ֜יר לַ֗יְלָה דֶּ֜רֶךְ שַׁ֤עַר בֵּין־הַחֹמֹתַ֙יִם֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־גַּ֣ן הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְכַשְׂדִּ֥ים עַל־הָעִ֖יר סָבִ֑יב וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ דֶּ֥רֶךְ הָעֲרָבָֽה׃", "text": "*wa*-*tibbāqaʿ* *hā*-*ʿîr* *wə*-*kāl*-*ʾanšê* *ha*-*milḥāmâ* *yibrəḥû* *wa*-*yēṣəʾû* *mē*-*hā*-*ʿîr* *laylâ* *derek* *šaʿar* *bên*-*ha*-*ḥōmōtayim* *ʾăšer* *ʿal*-*gan* *ha*-*melek* *wə*-*kaśdîm* *ʿal*-*hā*-*ʿîr* *sābîb* *wa*-*yēlkû* *derek* *hā*-*ʿărābâ*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*tibbāqaʿ*": "waw consecutive + Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and was broken into", "*hā*-*ʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine - the city", "*wə*-*kāl*-*ʾanšê*": "conjunction + noun construct + noun construct - and all men of", "*ha*-*milḥāmâ*": "definite article + noun - the war/battle", "*yibrəḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they fled", "*wa*-*yēṣəʾû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went out", "*mē*-*hā*-*ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun - from the city", "*laylâ*": "noun, adverbial use - at night", "*derek*": "noun construct - way of", "*šaʿar*": "noun construct - gate of", "*bên*-*ha*-*ḥōmōtayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, dual - between the two walls", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*ʿal*-*gan*": "preposition + noun construct - by the garden of", "*ha*-*melek*": "definite article + noun - the king", "*wə*-*kaśdîm*": "conjunction + proper noun, plural - and Chaldeans", "*ʿal*-*hā*-*ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + noun - around the city", "*sābîb*": "adverb - surrounding", "*wa*-*yēlkû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they went", "*derek*": "noun construct - way of", "*hā*-*ʿărābâ*": "definite article + noun - the Arabah/plain" }, "variants": { "*tibbāqaʿ*": "was broken into/breached/penetrated", "*ʾanšê* *ha*-*milḥāmâ*": "men of war/soldiers/warriors", "*ḥōmōtayim*": "two walls/double wall", "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians", "*ʿărābâ*": "Arabah/Jordan Valley/desert plain" } } 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.8", "source": "וַיִּרְדְּפ֤וּ חֵיל־כַּשְׂדִּים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיַּשִּׂ֥יגוּ אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת יְרֵח֑וֹ וְכָל־חֵיל֔וֹ נָפֹ֖צוּ מֵעָלָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa*-*yirdəpû* *ḥêl*-*kaśdîm* *ʾaḥărê* *ha*-*melek* *wa*-*yaśśîgû* *ʾet*-*ṣidqîyāhû* *bə*-*ʿarbôt* *yərēḥô* *wə*-*kāl*-*ḥêlô* *nāpōṣû* *mē*-*ʿālāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yirdəpû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued", "*ḥêl*-*kaśdîm*": "noun construct + proper noun, plural - army of Chaldeans", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ha*-*melek*": "definite article + noun - the king", "*wa*-*yaśśîgû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they overtook", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*bə*-*ʿarbôt*": "preposition + noun, plural construct - in plains of", "*yərēḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho", "*wə*-*kāl*-*ḥêlô*": "conjunction + noun construct + noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and all his army", "*nāpōṣû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - were scattered", "*mē*-*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from him" }, "variants": { "*yirdəpû*": "pursued/chased", "*yaśśîgû*": "overtook/caught up to/reached", "*ʿarbôt*": "plains/deserts/steppes", "*nāpōṣû*": "were scattered/dispersed/spread out" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.9", "source": "וַֽיִּתְפְּשׂוּ֙ אֶת־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיַּעֲל֨וּ אֹת֜וֹ אֶל־מֶ֧לֶךְ בָּבֶ֛ל רִבְלָ֖תָה בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֲמָ֑ת וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ מִשְׁפָּטִֽים׃", "text": "*wa*-*yitpəśû* *ʾet*-*ha*-*melek* *wa*-*yaʿălû* *ʾōtô* *ʾel*-*melek* *bābel* *riblātâ* *bə*-*ʾereṣ* *ḥămāt* *wa*-*yədabbēr* *ʾittô* *mišpāṭîm*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yitpəśû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they seized", "*ʾet*-*ha*-*melek*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun - the king", "*wa*-*yaʿălû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they brought up", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*ʾel*-*melek*": "preposition + noun construct - to king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*riblātâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Riblah", "*bə*-*ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun construct - in land of", "*ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*wa*-*yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he pronounced", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*mišpāṭîm*": "noun, plural - judgments" }, "variants": { "*yitpəśû*": "seized/captured/took hold of", "*yaʿălû*": "brought up/led up/took up", "*yədabbēr*": "spoke/declared/pronounced", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/sentences/legal decisions" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.10", "source": "וַיִּשְׁחַ֧ט מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ לְעֵינָ֑יו וְגַ֛ם אֶת־כָּל־שָׂרֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה שָׁחַ֥ט בְּרִבְלָֽתָה׃", "text": "*wa*-*yišḥaṭ* *melek*-*bābel* *ʾet*-*bənê* *ṣidqîyāhû* *lə*-*ʿênāyw* *wə*-*gam* *ʾet*-*kāl*-*śārê* *yəhûdâ* *šāḥaṭ* *bə*-*riblātâ*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yišḥaṭ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he slaughtered", "*melek*-*bābel*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Babylon", "*ʾet*-*bənê*": "direct object marker + noun construct plural - sons of", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*lə*-*ʿênāyw*": "preposition + noun plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - before his eyes", "*wə*-*gam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also", "*ʾet*-*kāl*-*śārê*": "direct object marker + noun construct + noun construct plural - all princes/officials of", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*šāḥaṭ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he slaughtered", "*bə*-*riblātâ*": "preposition + proper noun - in Riblah" }, "variants": { "*yišḥaṭ*": "slaughtered/slew/killed", "*bənê*": "sons/children", "*śārê*": "princes/officials/nobles" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.11", "source": "וְאֶת־עֵינֵ֥י צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ עִוֵּ֑ר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֣הוּ בַֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֗יִם וַיְבִאֵ֤הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ בָּבֶ֔לָה וַיִּתְּנֵ֥הוּ בבית־בֵֽית־הַפְּקֻדֹּ֖ת עַד־י֥וֹם מוֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə*-*ʾet*-*ʿênê* *ṣidqîyāhû* *ʿiwwēr* *wa*-*yaʾasrēhû* *ba*-*nəḥuštayim* *wa*-*yəbiʾēhû* *melek*-*bābel* *bābelâ* *wa*-*yittənēhû* *bêt*-*ha*-*pəquddōt* *ʿad*-*yôm* *môtô*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*ʾet*-*ʿênê*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun construct plural - and eyes of", "*ṣidqîyāhû*": "proper noun - Zedekiah", "*ʿiwwēr*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he blinded", "*wa*-*yaʾasrēhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he bound him", "*ba*-*nəḥuštayim*": "preposition + noun, dual - with bronze fetters", "*wa*-*yəbiʾēhû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he brought him", "*melek*-*bābel*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Babylon", "*bābelâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Babylon", "*wa*-*yittənēhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he put him", "*bêt*-*ha*-*pəquddōt*": "noun construct + definite article + noun, plural - house of custody/prison", "*ʿad*-*yôm*": "preposition + noun construct - until day of", "*môtô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his death" }, "variants": { "*ʿiwwēr*": "blinded/made blind", "*nəḥuštayim*": "bronze fetters/chains/shackles (dual form)", "*bêt*-*ha*-*pəquddōt*": "prison house/house of custody/house of visitation", "*bêt*": "appears as both בבית and בֵֽית in text" } } 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.12", "source": "וּבַחֹ֤דֶשׁ הֽ͏ַחֲמִישִׁי֙ בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ הִ֗יא שְׁנַת֙ תְּשַֽׁע־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֑ל בָּ֗א נְבֽוּזַרְאֲדָן֙ רַב־טַבָּחִ֔ים עָמַ֛ד לִפְנֵ֥י מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "*û*-*ba*-*ḥōdeš* *ha*-*ḥămîšî* *be*-*ʿāśôr* *la*-*ḥōdeš* *hîʾ* *šənat* *təšaʿ*-*ʿeśrê* *šānâ* *la*-*melek* *nəbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* *bāʾ* *nəbûzarʾădān* *rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm* *ʿāmad* *li*-*pnê* *melek*-*bābel* *bî*-*rûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*û*-*ba*-*ḥōdeš*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun - and in the month", "*ha*-*ḥămîšî*": "definite article + ordinal number - the fifth", "*be*-*ʿāśôr*": "preposition + cardinal number - on the tenth [day]", "*la*-*ḥōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun - of the month", "*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - it [was]", "*šənat*": "noun construct - year of", "*təšaʿ*-*ʿeśrê*": "cardinal number - nineteen", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine - year", "*la*-*melek*": "preposition + noun - for the king", "*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*-*bābel*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Babylon", "*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came", "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "proper noun - Nebuzaradan", "*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun construct + noun, plural - chief of guards/executioners", "*ʿāmad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - stood", "*li*-*pnê*": "preposition + noun construct plural - before", "*melek*-*bābel*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Babylon", "*bî*-*rûšālāim*": "preposition + proper noun - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*": "captain of the guard/chief executioner/chief of bodyguards", "*ʿāmad*": "stood/served/attended", "*li*-*pnê*": "before/in the presence of" } } 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.13", "source": "וַיִּשְׂרֹ֥ף אֶת־בֵּית־יְהוָ֖ה וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־בָּתֵּ֧י יְרוּשָׁלַ֛͏ִם וְאֶת־כָּל־בֵּ֥ית הַגָּד֖וֹל שָׂרַ֥ף בָּאֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wa*-*yiśrōp* *ʾet*-*bêt*-*yhwh* *wə*-*ʾet*-*bêt* *ha*-*melek* *wə*-*ʾēt* *kāl*-*bāttê* *yərûšālaim* *wə*-*ʾet*-*kāl*-*bêt* *ha*-*gādôl* *śārap* *bā*-*ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yiśrōp*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he burned", "*ʾet*-*bêt*-*yhwh*": "direct object marker + noun construct + divine name - house of YHWH", "*wə*-*ʾet*-*bêt*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun construct - and house of", "*ha*-*melek*": "definite article + noun - the king", "*wə*-*ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kāl*-*bāttê*": "noun construct + noun construct plural - all houses of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*wə*-*ʾet*-*kāl*-*bêt*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun construct + noun construct - and every house", "*ha*-*gādôl*": "definite article + adjective - the great", "*śārap*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he burned", "*bā*-*ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun - with the fire" }, "variants": { "*yiśrōp*": "burned/set on fire", "*bêt*-*yhwh*": "house of YHWH/temple", "*bêt* *ha*-*gādôl*": "great house/important building/palace" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.14", "source": "וְאֶת־כָּל־חֹמ֥וֹת יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם סָבִ֑יב נָֽתְצוּ֙ כָּל־חֵ֣יל כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֶת־רַב־טַבָּחִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*ʾet*-*kāl*-*ḥōmôt* *yərûšālaim* *sābîb* *nātəṣû* *kāl*-*ḥêl* *kaśdîm* *ʾăšer* *ʾet*-*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*ʾet*-*kāl*-*ḥōmôt*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun construct + noun construct plural - and all walls of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around", "*nātəṣû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they broke down", "*kāl*-*ḥêl*": "noun construct + noun construct - all army of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, plural - Chaldeans", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which", "*ʾet*-*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*": "direct object marker + noun construct + noun, plural - [with] the captain of the guard" }, "variants": { "*nātəṣû*": "broke down/tore down/demolished", "*ḥêl*": "army/forces/troops", "*ʾăšer* *ʾet*-*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*": "who were with the captain of the guard/under the command of the captain of the guard" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.15", "source": "וּמִדַּלּ֨וֹת הָעָ֜ם וְֽאֶת־יֶ֥תֶר הָעָ֣ם ׀ הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּעִ֗יר וְאֶת־הַנֹּֽפְלִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָֽפְלוּ֙ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל וְאֵ֖ת יֶ֣תֶר הָֽאָמ֑וֹן הֶגְלָ֕ה נְבוּזַרְאֲדָ֖ן רַב־טַבָּחִֽים׃", "text": "And from *dalōt* the *ʿām* and *ʾet*-*yeter* the *ʿām* the *nišʾārim* in the *ʿîr* and *ʾet*-the *nōpəlîm* who *nāpəlû* to-*melek* *bābel* and *ʾēt* *yeter* the *ʾāmôn* *heglâ* *nəbûzarʾădān* *raḇ*-*ṭabbāḥîm*.", "grammar": { "*dalōt*": "construct feminine plural - poor/weak ones", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular - people", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yeter*": "construct masculine singular - remainder/rest of", "*nišʾārim*": "niphal participle masculine plural - those remaining/left", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular - city", "*nōpəlîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - those falling/deserting", "*nāpəlû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they fell/deserted", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʾāmôn*": "masculine singular - crowd/multitude", "*heglâ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he exiled/carried away", "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "proper noun - Nebuzaradan", "*raḇ*": "construct masculine singular - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "masculine plural - guards/executioners/slaughterers" }, "variants": { "*dalōt*": "poor/weak/lowest class", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/common people", "*yeter*": "remainder/rest/remnant/excellence", "*nišʾārim*": "those remaining/those left/those surviving", "*nōpəlîm*": "those falling/deserting/defecting", "*ʾāmôn*": "crowd/multitude/artisans/craftsmen", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "guards/executioners/slaughterers/cooks" } } 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.16", "source": "וּמִדַּלּ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ הִשְׁאִ֕יר נְבוּזַרְאֲדָ֖ן רַב־טַבָּחִ֑ים לְכֹרְמִ֖ים וּלְיֹגְבִֽים׃", "text": "And from *dalōt* the *ʾāreṣ* *hišʾîr* *nəbûzarʾădān* *raḇ*-*ṭabbāḥîm* for-*kōrəmîm* and-for-*yōgəḇîm*.", "grammar": { "*dalōt*": "construct feminine plural - poor/weak ones", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular - land/earth", "*hišʾîr*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he left/allowed to remain", "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "proper noun - Nebuzaradan", "*raḇ*": "construct masculine singular - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "masculine plural - guards/executioners/slaughterers", "*kōrəmîm*": "masculine plural - vinedressers/vine-keepers", "*yōgəḇîm*": "masculine plural - farmers/plowmen/field workers" }, "variants": { "*dalōt*": "poor/weak/lowest class", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*hišʾîr*": "left behind/allowed to remain/spared", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "guards/executioners/slaughterers/cooks", "*yōgəḇîm*": "farmers/plowmen/field workers/tillers" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.17", "source": "וְאֶת־עַמּוּדֵ֨י הַנְּחֹ֜שֶׁת אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְבֵית־יְהוָ֗ה וְֽאֶת־הַמְּכֹנ֞וֹת וְאֶת־יָ֧ם הַנְּחֹ֛שֶׁת אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּבֵית־יְהוָ֖ה שִׁבְּר֣וּ כַשְׂדִּ֑ים וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ אֶת־כָּל־נְחֻשְׁתָּ֖ם בָּבֶֽלָה׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-*ʿammûdê* the *nəḥōšet* which for-*bêt*-*YHWH* and *ʾet*-the *məkōnôt* and *ʾet*-*yām* the *nəḥōšet* which in-*bêt*-*YHWH* *šibbərû* *kaśdîm* and-*yiśʾû* *ʾet*-all-*nəḥuštām* *bāḇelâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿammûdê*": "construct masculine plural - pillars/columns of", "*nəḥōšet*": "feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*bêt*": "construct masculine singular - house of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*məkōnôt*": "feminine plural - stands/bases", "*yām*": "masculine singular - sea/large basin", "*šibbərû*": "piel perfect 3rd plural - they broke/shattered", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun masculine plural - Chaldeans", "*yiśʾû*": "qal imperfect 3rd plural with waw consecutive - and they carried/took away", "*nəḥuštām*": "feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their bronze", "*bāḇelâ*": "proper noun with directional *-â* - to Babylon" }, "variants": { "*ʿammûdê*": "pillars/columns/supports", "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*məkōnôt*": "stands/bases/pedestals", "*yām*": "sea/large basin/laver", "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians", "*nəḥuštām*": "their bronze/their copper/their brass objects" } } 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.18", "source": "וְאֶת־הַ֠סִּרוֹת וְאֶת־הַיָּעִ֨ים וְאֶת־הַֽמְזַמְּר֜וֹת וְאֶת־הַמִּזְרָקֹ֣ת וְאֶת־הַכַּפּ֔וֹת וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־כְּלֵ֧י הַנְּחֹ֛שֶׁת אֲשֶׁר־יְשָׁרְת֥וּ בָהֶ֖ם לָקָֽחוּ׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-the *sîrôt* and *ʾet*-the *yāʿîm* and *ʾet*-the *məzammərôt* and *ʾet*-the *mizrāqōt* and *ʾet*-the *kappôt* and *ʾēt* all-*kəlê* the *nəḥōšet* which-*yəšārətû* with-them *lāqāḥû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*sîrôt*": "feminine plural - pots/cauldrons", "*yāʿîm*": "masculine plural - shovels/scrapers", "*məzammərôt*": "feminine plural - snuffers/tongs/pruning hooks", "*mizrāqōt*": "masculine plural - bowls/basins", "*kappôt*": "feminine plural - dishes/spoons/palms", "*kəlê*": "construct masculine plural - vessels/implements of", "*nəḥōšet*": "feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*yəšārətû*": "piel imperfect 3rd plural - they ministered/served", "*lāqāḥû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they took/carried away" }, "variants": { "*sîrôt*": "pots/cauldrons/cooking vessels", "*yāʿîm*": "shovels/scrapers/fire pans", "*məzammərôt*": "snuffers/tongs/pruning hooks/shears", "*mizrāqōt*": "bowls/basins/sprinkling vessels", "*kappôt*": "dishes/spoons/palms/small bowls", "*kəlê*": "vessels/implements/utensils/instruments", "*yəšārətû*": "they ministered/served/performed service" } } 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.19", "source": "וְאֶת־הַ֠סִּפִּים וְאֶת־הַמַּחְתּ֨וֹת וְאֶת־הַמִּזְרָק֜וֹת וְאֶת־הַסִּיר֣וֹת וְאֶת־הַמְּנֹר֗וֹת וְאֶת־הַכַּפּוֹת֙ וְאֶת־הַמְּנַקִי֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֤ר זָהָב֙ זָהָ֔ב וַאֲשֶׁר־כֶּ֖סֶף כָּ֑סֶף לָקַ֖ח רַב־טַבָּחִֽים׃", "text": "And *ʾet*-the *sippîm* and *ʾet*-the *maḥtôt* and *ʾet*-the *mizrāqôt* and *ʾet*-the *sîrôt* and *ʾet*-the *mənōrôt* and *ʾet*-the *kappôt* and *ʾet*-the *mənaqîyôt* which *zāhāḇ* *zāhāḇ* and-which-*kesep* *kāsep* *lāqaḥ* *raḇ*-*ṭabbāḥîm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*sippîm*": "masculine plural - basins/cups/thresholds", "*maḥtôt*": "feminine plural - firepans/censers/snuffdishes", "*mizrāqôt*": "masculine plural - bowls/basins", "*sîrôt*": "feminine plural - pots/cauldrons", "*mənōrôt*": "feminine plural - lampstands/candlesticks", "*kappôt*": "feminine plural - dishes/spoons/palms", "*mənaqîyôt*": "feminine plural - libation cups/drink offerings", "*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular - gold (doubled for emphasis)", "*kesep*": "masculine singular - silver (doubled for emphasis)", "*lāqaḥ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he took", "*raḇ*": "construct masculine singular - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "masculine plural - guards/executioners/slaughterers" }, "variants": { "*sippîm*": "basins/cups/thresholds/doorposts", "*maḥtôt*": "firepans/censers/snuffdishes/coal carriers", "*mizrāqôt*": "bowls/basins/sprinkling vessels", "*sîrôt*": "pots/cauldrons/cooking vessels", "*mənōrôt*": "lampstands/candlesticks/menorahs", "*kappôt*": "dishes/spoons/palms/small bowls", "*mənaqîyôt*": "libation cups/drink offerings/sacrificial bowls", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "guards/executioners/slaughterers/cooks" } } 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.20", "source": "הָעַמּוּדִ֣ים ׀ שְׁנַ֗יִם הַיָּ֤ם אֶחָד֙ וְהַבָּקָ֞ר שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֤ר נְחֹ֙שֶׁת֙ אֲשֶׁר־תַּ֣חַת הַמְּכֹנ֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֛ה הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה לְבֵ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה לֹא־הָיָ֣ה מִשְׁקָ֔ל לִנְחֻשְׁתָּ֖ם כָּל־הַכֵּלִ֥ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "The *ʿammûdîm* two, the *yām* one, and-the *bāqār* twelve *nəḥōšet* which-under the *məkōnôt* which *ʿāśâ* the *melek* *šəlōmōh* for-*bêt* *YHWH*, *lōʾ*-*hāyâ* *mišqāl* to-*nəḥuštām* all-the *kēlîm* the these.", "grammar": { "*ʿammûdîm*": "masculine plural - pillars/columns", "*šənayim*": "cardinal number - two", "*yām*": "masculine singular - sea/large basin", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*bāqār*": "collective masculine singular - oxen/cattle", "*šənêm-ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - twelve", "*nəḥōšet*": "feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*məkōnôt*": "feminine plural - stands/bases", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he made", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*šəlōmōh*": "proper noun - Solomon", "*bêt*": "construct masculine singular - house of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was/existed", "*mišqāl*": "masculine singular - weight/measure", "*nəḥuštām*": "feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their bronze", "*kēlîm*": "masculine plural - vessels/implements", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these" }, "variants": { "*ʿammûdîm*": "pillars/columns/supports", "*yām*": "sea/large basin/laver", "*bāqār*": "oxen/cattle/bulls", "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*məkōnôt*": "stands/bases/pedestals", "*kēlîm*": "vessels/implements/utensils/instruments", "*mišqāl*": "weight/measure/assessment" } } 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.21", "source": "וְהָעַמּוּדִ֗ים שְׁמֹנֶ֨ה עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה אַמָּה֙ *קומה **קוֹמַת֙ הָעַמֻּ֣ד הָאֶחָ֔ד וְח֛וּט שְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה אַמָּ֖ה יְסֻבֶּ֑נּוּ וְעָבְי֛וֹ אַרְבַּ֥ע אַצְבָּע֖וֹת נָבֽוּב׃", "text": "And-the *ʿammûdîm*, eighteen *ʾammâ* *qômat* the *ʿammûd* the *ʾeḥād*, and-*ḥûṭ* twelve *ʾammâ* *yəsubbennû*, and-*ʿāḇyô* four *ʾeṣbāʿôt* *nāḇûḇ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿammûdîm*": "masculine plural - pillars/columns", "*šəmōneh ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number feminine - eighteen", "*ʾammâ*": "feminine singular - cubit (measure)", "*qômat*": "construct feminine singular - height of", "*ʿammûd*": "masculine singular - pillar/column", "*ʾeḥād*": "masculine singular - one/first", "*ḥûṭ*": "masculine singular - thread/cord/measuring line", "*šəttêm-ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number feminine - twelve", "*yəsubbennû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it could encompass it", "*ʿāḇyô*": "masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its thickness", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "cardinal number - four", "*ʾeṣbāʿôt*": "feminine plural - fingers (as measure)", "*nāḇûḇ*": "qal passive participle masculine singular - hollow" }, "variants": { "*ʿammûdîm*": "pillars/columns/supports", "*qômat*": "height/stature/standing height", "*ḥûṭ*": "thread/cord/measuring line/circumference", "*yəsubbennû*": "it could encompass it/it would surround it/it could encircle it", "*ʿāḇyô*": "its thickness/its width/its density", "*nāḇûḇ*": "hollow/empty/tube-like" } } 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.22", "source": "וְכֹתֶ֨רֶת עָלָ֜יו נְחֹ֗שֶׁת וְקוֹמַ֨ת הַכֹּתֶ֥רֶת הָאַחַת֮ חָמֵ֣שׁ אַמּוֹת֒ וּשְׂבָכָ֨ה וְרִמּוֹנִ֧ים עַֽל־הַכּוֹתֶ֛רֶת סָבִ֖יב הַכֹּ֣ל נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וְכָאֵ֛לֶּה לַֽעַמּ֥וּד הַשֵּׁנִ֖י וְרִמּוֹנִֽים׃", "text": "And-*kōteret* upon-it *nəḥōšet*, and-*qômat* the *kōteret* the *ʾaḥat* five *ʾammôt*, and-*śəḇākâ* and-*rimmônîm* upon-the *kôteret* *sāḇîḇ* the all *nəḥōšet*, and-like-these for-the *ʿammûd* the *šēnî* and-*rimmônîm*.", "grammar": { "*kōteret*": "feminine singular - capital/crown", "*ʿālāw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon it", "*nəḥōšet*": "feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*qômat*": "construct feminine singular - height of", "*ʾaḥat*": "feminine singular - one/first", "*ḥāmēš*": "cardinal number - five", "*ʾammôt*": "feminine plural - cubits (measure)", "*śəḇākâ*": "feminine singular - network/lattice work", "*rimmônîm*": "masculine plural - pomegranates", "*kôteret*": "feminine singular - capital/crown", "*sāḇîḇ*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*kōl*": "masculine singular - all/whole/entirety", "*ʿammûd*": "masculine singular - pillar/column", "*šēnî*": "masculine singular ordinal - second" }, "variants": { "*kōteret*": "capital/crown/ornamental top", "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*qômat*": "height/stature/standing height", "*śəḇākâ*": "network/lattice work/mesh decoration", "*rimmônîm*": "pomegranates/ornaments", "*sāḇîḇ*": "around/surrounding/encircling" } } 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.23", "source": "וַיִּֽהְיוּ֙ הָֽרִמֹּנִ֔ים תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וְשִׁשָּׁ֖ה ר֑וּחָה כָּל־הָרִמּוֹנִ֥ים מֵאָ֛ה עַל־הַשְּׂבָכָ֖ה סָבִֽיב׃", "text": "And-*yihyû* the *rimmōnîm* ninety and-six *rûḥâ*, all-the *rimmônîm* hundred upon-the *śəḇākâ* *sāḇîḇ*.", "grammar": { "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd plural - they were", "*rimmōnîm*": "masculine plural - pomegranates", "*tišʿîm wəšiššâ*": "cardinal number - ninety-six", "*rûḥâ*": "feminine singular with directional *-â* - directionally/towards the side", "*kōl*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*rimmônîm*": "masculine plural - pomegranates", "*mēʾâ*": "cardinal number - hundred", "*śəḇākâ*": "feminine singular - network/lattice work", "*sāḇîḇ*": "adverb - around/surrounding" }, "variants": { "*rimmōnîm*": "pomegranates/ornaments", "*rûḥâ*": "directionally/towards the side/windward/exposed side", "*śəḇākâ*": "network/lattice work/mesh decoration", "*sāḇîḇ*": "around/surrounding/encircling" } } 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.24", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח רַב־טַבָּחִ֗ים אֶת־שְׂרָיָה֙ כֹּהֵ֣ן הָרֹ֔אשׁ וְאֶת־צְפַנְיָ֖ה כֹּהֵ֣ן הַמִּשְׁנֶ֑ה וְאֶת־שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת שֹׁמְרֵ֥י הַסַּֽף׃", "text": "And-*yiqqaḥ* *raḇ*-*ṭabbāḥîm* *ʾet*-*śərāyâ* *kōhēn* the *rōʾš* and *ʾet*-*ṣəpanyâ* *kōhēn* the *mišneh* and *ʾet*-three *šōmərê* the *sap*.", "grammar": { "*yiqqaḥ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he took", "*raḇ*": "construct masculine singular - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "masculine plural - guards/executioners/slaughterers", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*śərāyâ*": "proper noun - Seraiah", "*kōhēn*": "masculine singular - priest", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular - head/chief", "*ṣəpanyâ*": "proper noun - Zephaniah", "*mišneh*": "masculine singular - second/deputy", "*šəlōšet*": "construct cardinal number - three of", "*šōmərê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - keepers of", "*sap*": "masculine singular - threshold/doorway" }, "variants": { "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "guards/executioners/slaughterers/cooks", "*kōhēn*": "priest/minister", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/high (priest)", "*mišneh*": "second/deputy/assistant", "*šōmərê*": "keepers/guardians/watchmen", "*sap*": "threshold/doorway/entrance" } } 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.25", "source": "וּמִן־הָעִ֡יר לָקַח֩ סָרִ֨יס אֶחָ֜ד אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־הָיָ֥ה פָקִ֣יד ׀ עַל־אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה וְשִׁבְעָ֨ה אֲנָשִׁ֜ים מֵרֹאֵ֤י פְנֵי־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִמְצְא֣וּ בָעִ֔יר וְאֵ֗ת סֹפֵר֙ שַׂ֣ר הַצָּבָ֔א הַמַּצְבִּ֖א אֶת־עַ֣ם הָאָ֑רֶץ וְשִׁשִּׁ֥ים אִישׁ֙ מֵעַ֣ם הָאָ֔רֶץ הַֽנִּמְצְאִ֖ים בְּת֥וֹךְ הָעִֽיר׃", "text": "And-from-the *ʿîr* *lāqaḥ* *sārîs* one who-*hāyâ* *pāqîd* over-*ʾanšê* the *milḥāmâ* and-seven *ʾănāšîm* from-*rōʾê* *pənê*-the *melek* who *nimṣəʾû* in-the *ʿîr* and *ʾēt*-*sōpēr* *śar* the *ṣāḇāʾ* the-*maṣbîʾ* *ʾet*-*ʿam* the *ʾāreṣ* and-sixty *ʾîš* from-*ʿam* the *ʾāreṣ* the-*nimṣāʾîm* in-*tôk* the *ʿîr*.", "grammar": { "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular - city", "*lāqaḥ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he took", "*sārîs*": "masculine singular - official/eunuch", "*ʾeḥād*": "masculine singular - one", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was/had been", "*pāqîd*": "masculine singular - overseer/officer", "*ʾanšê*": "construct masculine plural - men of", "*milḥāmâ*": "feminine singular - war/battle", "*šiḇʿâ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural - men", "*rōʾê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - seers of", "*pənê*": "masculine plural construct - face of", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*nimṣəʾû*": "niphal perfect 3rd plural - they were found", "*sōpēr*": "masculine singular - scribe/secretary", "*śar*": "masculine singular construct - chief of", "*ṣāḇāʾ*": "masculine singular - army/host", "*maṣbîʾ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - mustering/conscripting", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular - people", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular - land/earth", "*šiššîm*": "cardinal number - sixty", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular - man/each man", "*nimṣāʾîm*": "niphal participle masculine plural - those being found", "*tôk*": "masculine singular construct - midst of" }, "variants": { "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*sārîs*": "official/eunuch/court officer", "*pāqîd*": "overseer/officer/commander", "*milḥāmâ*": "war/battle/fighting men", "*rōʾê*": "seers/those who see/those having access to", "*pənê*": "face/presence/before", "*nimṣəʾû*": "they were found/they happened to be/they were present", "*sōpēr*": "scribe/secretary/record keeper", "*śar*": "chief/commander/captain", "*ṣāḇāʾ*": "army/host/troops", "*maṣbîʾ*": "mustering/conscripting/gathering for war", "*tôk*": "midst/among/inside" } } 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.26", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח אוֹתָ֔ם נְבוּזַרְאֲדָ֖ן רַב־טַבָּחִ֑ים וַיֹּ֧לֶךְ אוֹתָ֛ם אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל רִבְלָֽתָה׃", "text": "And-*yiqqaḥ* *ʾôtām* *nəbûzarʾădān* *raḇ*-*ṭabbāḥîm* and-*yōlek* *ʾôtām* to-*melek* *bāḇel* *riḇlātâ*.", "grammar": { "*yiqqaḥ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he took", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*nəbûzarʾădān*": "proper noun - Nebuzaradan", "*raḇ*": "construct masculine singular - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "masculine plural - guards/executioners/slaughterers", "*yōlek*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he brought/led", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*riḇlātâ*": "proper noun with directional *-â* - to Riblah" }, "variants": { "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "guards/executioners/slaughterers/cooks", "*yōlek*": "brought/led/conducted" } } 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.27", "source": "וַיַּכֶּ֣ה אוֹתָם֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ בָּבֶ֧ל וַיְמִתֵ֛ם בְּרִבְלָ֖ה בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֲמָ֑ת וַיִּ֥גֶל יְהוּדָ֖ה מֵעַ֥ל אַדְמָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*yakkeh* *ʾôtām* *melek* *bāḇel* and-*yəmîtēm* in-*riḇlâ* in-*ʾereṣ* *ḥămāt*, and-*yigel* *yəhûdâ* from-over *ʾadmātô*.", "grammar": { "*yakkeh*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he struck", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*yəmîtēm*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he put them to death", "*riḇlâ*": "proper noun - Riblah", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct feminine singular - land of", "*ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*yigel*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he exiled", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over/from upon", "*ʾadmātô*": "feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its land/soil" }, "variants": { "*yakkeh*": "struck/hit/attacked", "*yəmîtēm*": "put them to death/killed them/executed them", "*yigel*": "exiled/carried away/removed", "*ʾadmātô*": "its land/its soil/its territory" } } 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.28", "source": "זֶ֣ה הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֶגְלָ֖ה נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֑ר בִּשְׁנַת־שֶׁ֕בַע יְהוּדִ֕ים שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּשְׁלֹשָֽׁה׃", "text": "This is the *ʿām* which *heglâ* *Nəbûḵaḏreʾaṣṣar* in *šānat*-seven *Yəhûḏîm* three *ʾălāp̄îm* and twenty and three.", "grammar": { "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular - people", "*heglâ*": "Hifil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he exiled/carried away", "*Nəbûḵaḏreʾaṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*šānat*": "construct form of noun, feminine, singular - year of", "*Yəhûḏîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - Jews/Judeans", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "noun, masculine, plural - thousands" }, "variants": { "*heglâ*": "deported/exiled/carried away", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/population" } } 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.29", "source": "בִּשְׁנַ֛ת שְׁמוֹנֶ֥ה עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה לִנְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֑ר מִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם נֶ֕פֶשׁ שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה מֵא֖וֹת שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּשְׁנָֽיִם׃", "text": "In *šənat* eighteen to *Nəbûḵaḏreʾaṣṣar*, from *Yərûšālaim* *nep̄eš* eight *mēʾôt* thirty and two.", "grammar": { "*šənat*": "construct form of noun, feminine, singular - year of", "*Nəbûḵaḏreʾaṣṣar*": "proper noun with prefixed preposition ל - to/for Nebuchadnezzar", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun with prefixed preposition מ - from Jerusalem", "*nep̄eš*": "noun, feminine, singular - soul/person", "*mēʾôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - hundreds" }, "variants": { "*nep̄eš*": "soul/person/life/individual" } } 30 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.30", "source": "בִּשְׁנַ֨ת שָׁלֹ֣שׁ וְעֶשְׂרִים֮ לִנְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּר֒ הֶגְלָ֗ה נְבֽוּזַרְאֲדָן֙ רַב־טַבָּחִ֔ים יְהוּדִ֕ים נֶ֕פֶשׁ שְׁבַ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת אַרְבָּעִ֣ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֑ה כָּל־נֶ֕פֶשׁ אַרְבַּ֥עַת אֲלָפִ֖ים וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת׃ פ", "text": "In *šənat* three and twenty to *Nəbûḵaḏreʾaṣṣar*, *heglâ* *Nəbûzarʾăḏān* *rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm* *Yəhûḏîm* *nep̄eš* seven *mēʾôt* forty and five; all-*nep̄eš* four *ʾălāp̄îm* and six *mēʾôt*.", "grammar": { "*šənat*": "construct form of noun, feminine, singular - year of", "*heglâ*": "Hifil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he exiled/carried away", "*Nəbûzarʾăḏān*": "proper noun - Nebuzaradan", "*rab*": "construct form of noun, masculine, singular - chief of", "*ṭabbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - guards/executioners/bodyguards", "*Yəhûḏîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - Jews/Judeans", "*nep̄eš*": "noun, feminine, singular - soul/person", "*mēʾôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - hundreds", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "noun, masculine, plural - thousands" }, "variants": { "*rab*-*ṭabbāḥîm*": "captain of the guard/chief executioner/chief of the bodyguard", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/person/life/individual" } } 31 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.31", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ בִשְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים וָשֶׁ֜בַע שָׁנָ֗ה לְגָלוּת֙ יְהוֹיָכִ֣ן מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֔ה בִּשְׁנֵ֤ים עָשָׂר֙ חֹ֔דֶשׁ בְּעֶשְׂרִ֥ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ נָשָׂ֡א אֱוִ֣יל מְרֹדַךְ֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ בָּבֶ֜ל בִּשְׁנַ֣ת מַלְכֻת֗וֹ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙ יְהוֹיָכִ֣ין מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּצֵ֥א אוֹת֖וֹ מִבֵּ֥ית הַכְּלֽוּא׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* in thirty and seven *šānâ* to *gālût* *Yəhôyāḵîn* *meleḵ*-*Yəhûḏâ*, in twelve *ḥōḏeš*, in twenty and five to the *ḥōḏeš*, *nāśāʾ* *ʾĔwîl məroḏaḵ* *meleḵ* *Bāḇel* in *šənat* his *malḵût* *ʾet*-*rōʾš* *Yəhôyāḵîn* *meleḵ*-*Yəhûḏâ* and *wayyōṣēʾ* him from *bêt* *haklûʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - year", "*gālût*": "noun, feminine, singular - exile", "*Yəhôyāḵîn*": "proper noun - Jehoiachin", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*Yəhûḏâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ḥōḏeš*": "noun, masculine, singular - month", "*nāśāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - lifted up", "*ʾĔwîl məroḏaḵ*": "proper noun - Evil-merodach", "*Bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*šənat*": "construct form of noun, feminine, singular - year of", "*malḵût*": "noun, feminine, singular - kingdom/reign", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine, singular - head", "*wayyōṣēʾ*": "Hifil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought out", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - house of", "*haklûʾ*": "noun with definite article - prison/confinement" }, "variants": { "*nāśāʾ* *ʾet*-*rōʾš*": "lifted up the head/showed favor/exalted", "*haklûʾ*": "prison/confinement/imprisonment" } } 32 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.32", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ טֹב֑וֹת וַיִּתֵּן֙ אֶת־כִּסְא֔וֹ מִמַּ֗עַל לְכִסֵּ֧א הַמְּלָכִ֛ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ בְּבָבֶֽל׃", "text": "And *wayəḏabbēr* with him *ṭōḇôt*, and *wayyittēn* *ʾet*-his *kissēʾ* from *maʿal* to *kissēʾ* the *məlāḵîm* which with him in *Bāḇel*.", "grammar": { "*wayəḏabbēr*": "Piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he spoke", "*ṭōḇôt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - good things", "*wayyittēn*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he set/placed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kissēʾ*": "noun, masculine, singular - throne", "*maʿal*": "preposition - above", "*məlāḵîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the kings", "*Bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*ṭōḇôt*": "good things/kindly/favorably", "*maʿal*": "above/over/beyond" } } 33 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.33", "source": "וְשִׁנָּ֕ה אֵ֖ת בִּגְדֵ֣י כִלְא֑וֹ וְאָכַ֨ל לֶ֧חֶם לְפָנָ֛יו תָּמִ֖יד כָּל־יְמֵ֥י חַיָּֽו׃", "text": "And *šinnâ* *ʾēt* *biḡḏê* his *kilʾô*, and *ʾāḵal* *leḥem* before him *tāmîḏ* all-*yəmê* his *ḥayyāw*.", "grammar": { "*šinnâ*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he changed", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*biḡḏê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - garments of", "*kilʾô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his imprisonment", "*ʾāḵal*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he ate", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine, singular - bread/food", "*tāmîḏ*": "adverb - continually/regularly", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - days of", "*ḥayyāw*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his life" }, "variants": { "*biḡḏê* *kilʾô*": "prison garments/clothes of his imprisonment", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/meal" } } 34 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.52.34", "source": "וַאֲרֻחָת֗וֹ אֲרֻחַת֩ תָּמִ֨יד נִתְּנָה־לּ֜וֹ מֵאֵ֧ת מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּיוֹמ֖וֹ עַד־י֣וֹם מוֹת֑וֹ כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י חַיָּֽיו׃", "text": "And his *ʾăruḥātô*, *ʾăruḥat* *tāmîḏ* *nittənâ*-to him from *meleḵ*-*Bāḇel* *dəḇar*-*yôm* in *yômô* until-*yôm* his *môtô*, all *yəmê* his *ḥayyāw*.", "grammar": { "*ʾăruḥātô*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his allowance/portion", "*ʾăruḥat*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - allowance of", "*tāmîḏ*": "adverb - continually/regularly", "*nittənâ*": "Nifal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was given", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - king of", "*Bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*dəḇar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - matter of", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular - day", "*yômô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its day", "*môtô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his death", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - days of", "*ḥayyāw*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his life" }, "variants": { "*ʾăruḥat*": "allowance/portion/food allowance", "*dəḇar*-*yôm* *bəyômô*": "daily portion/matter of a day in its day/daily provision" } }
• Dan 9:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.4", "source": "וָֽאֶתְפַּֽלְלָ֛ה לַיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהַ֖י וָאֶתְוַדֶּ֑ה וָאֹֽמְרָ֗ה אָנָּ֤א אֲדֹנָי֙ הָאֵ֤ל הַגָּדוֹל֙ וְהַנּוֹרָ֔א שֹׁמֵ֤ר הַבְּרִית֙ וְֽהַחֶ֔סֶד לְאֹהֲבָ֖יו וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י מִצְוֺתָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wāʾeṯpallǝlāh* to *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhay* and *wāʾeṯwaddeh* and *wāʾōmǝrāh*: *ʾānnāʾ* *ʾăḏōnāy* the *ʾêl* the *gāḏôl* and the *nôrāʾ*, *šōmêr* the *bǝrîṯ* and the *ḥeseḏ* to *ʾōhăḇāyw* and to *šōmǝrê* *miṣwōṯāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾeṯpallǝlāh*": "consecutive imperfect, 1st singular, hitpael - and I prayed", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person suffix - my God", "*wāʾeṯwaddeh*": "consecutive imperfect, 1st singular, hitpael - and I confessed", "*wāʾōmǝrāh*": "consecutive imperfect, 1st singular, qal - and I said", "*ʾānnāʾ*": "interjection - please/oh", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ʾêl*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the God", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective, masculine, singular with definite article - the great", "*nôrāʾ*": "participle, niphal, masculine, singular with definite article - the awesome/fearful", "*šōmêr*": "participle, qal, masculine, singular - keeping/preserving", "*bǝrîṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the covenant", "*ḥeseḏ*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the steadfast love/mercy", "*ʾōhăḇāyw*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct with 3ms suffix - those loving him", "*šōmǝrê*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct - keepers of", "*miṣwōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine, plural with 3ms suffix - his commandments" }, "variants": { "*wāʾeṯpallǝlāh*": "and I prayed/interceded/pleaded", "*wāʾeṯwaddeh*": "and I confessed/acknowledged", "*ʾānnāʾ*": "please/I beseech you/oh", "*nôrāʾ*": "awesome/fearful/terrible/dreadful", "*ḥeseḏ*": "steadfast love/mercy/kindness/faithfulness" } }
• Dan 9:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.6", "source": "וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַ֙עְנוּ֙ אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֣יךָ הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר דִּבְּרוּ֙ בְּשִׁמְךָ֔ אֶל־מְלָכֵ֥ינוּ שָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־עַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And not *šāmaʿnû* to *ʿăḇāḏeḵā* the *nəḇîʾîm* who *dibbərû* in *šimḵā* to *məlāḵênû* *śārênû* and *ʾăḇōṯênû* and to all-*ʿam* the *ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have listened", "*ʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 2ms suffix - your servants", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the prophets", "*dibbərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they spoke", "*šimḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your name", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our fathers", "*ʿam*": "construct state, masculine, singular - people of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the land" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have listened/heard/obeyed", "*ʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "your servants/slaves", "*dibbərû*": "they spoke/declared/proclaimed", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk" } }
• Dan 9:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.8", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה לָ֚נוּ בֹּ֣שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֔ים לִמְלָכֵ֥ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָ֖אנוּ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*YHWH*, to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm*, to *məlāḵênû*, to *śārênû*, and to *ʾăḇōṯênû* who *ḥāṭāʾnû* to you.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed" } }
• Mic 7:18-20 : 18 { "verseID": "Micah.7.18", "source": "מִי־אֵ֣ל כָּמ֗וֹךָ נֹשֵׂ֤א עָוֺן֙ וְעֹבֵ֣ר עַל־פֶּ֔שַׁע לִשְׁאֵרִ֖ית נַחֲלָת֑וֹ לֹא־הֶחֱזִ֤יק לָעַד֙ אַפּ֔וֹ כִּֽי־חָפֵ֥ץ חֶ֖סֶד הֽוּא׃", "text": "Who is-*ʾēl* like you, *nōśēʾ* *ʿāwōn* and *ʿōbēr* upon-*pešaʿ* for-*šəʾērît* his *naḥălātô*? Not-*heḥĕzîq* forever his *ʾappô*, for-*ḥāpēṣ* *ḥesed* he.", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*kāmôkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - like you", "*nōśēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - bearing/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿōbēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - passing over", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*pešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - transgression", "*li-šəʾērît*": "preposition + feminine singular construct noun - for remnant of", "*naḥălātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his inheritance", "*lō*": "negative particle - not", "*heḥĕzîq*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has retained/held", "*lā-ʿad*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - forever", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥāpēṣ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - delighting in", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*hû*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*nōśēʾ ʿāwōn*": "bearing iniquity/forgiving sin/carrying guilt", "*ʿōbēr ʿal-pešaʿ*": "passing over transgression/overlooking rebellion", "*šəʾērît naḥălātô*": "remnant of his inheritance/remainder of his heritage", "*heḥĕzîq lā-ʿad ʾappô*": "retained his anger forever/held onto his wrath", "*ḥāpēṣ ḥesed*": "delights in mercy/loves kindness/desires lovingkindness" } } 19 { "verseID": "Micah.7.19", "source": "יָשׁ֣וּב יְרַֽחֲמֵ֔נוּ יִכְבֹּ֖שׁ עֲוֺֽנֹתֵ֑ינוּ וְתַשְׁלִ֛יךְ בִּמְצֻל֥וֹת יָ֖ם כָּל־חַטֹּאותָֽם׃", "text": "He will *yāšûb* *yəraḥămēnû*, he will *yikbōš* our *ʿăwōnōtênû*, and you will *tašlîk* in-*məṣūlôt* *yām* all-their *ḥaṭṭōʾûtām*.", "grammar": { "*yāšûb*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will return/turn", "*yəraḥămēnû*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - he will have compassion on us", "*yikbōš*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will subdue/tread down", "*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our iniquities", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*tašlîk*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will cast", "*bi-məṣūlôt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct noun - in depths of", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun - sea", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*ḥaṭṭōʾûtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sins" }, "variants": { "*yāšûb*": "he will return/turn again/repent", "*yəraḥămēnû*": "he will have compassion on us/have mercy on us", "*yikbōš*": "he will subdue/tread underfoot/suppress", "*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "our iniquities/sins/wrongdoings", "*tašlîk*": "you will cast/throw/hurl", "*məṣūlôt yām*": "depths of sea/ocean depths/deep waters", "*ḥaṭṭōʾûtām*": "their sins/offenses/transgressions" } } 20 { "verseID": "Micah.7.20", "source": "תִּתֵּ֤ן אֱמֶת֙ לְיַֽעֲקֹ֔ב חֶ֖סֶד לְאַבְרָהָ֑ם אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֥עְתָּ לַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ מִ֥ימֵי קֶֽדֶם׃", "text": "You will *tittēn* *ʾĕmet* to-*yaʿăqōb*, *ḥesed* to-*ʾabrāhām*, *ʾăšer*-you *nišbaʿtā* to-our *ʾăbōtênû* from-*yəmê* *qedem*.", "grammar": { "*tittēn*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will give", "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth/faithfulness", "*lə-yaʿăqōb*": "preposition + proper noun - to Jacob", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*lə-ʾabrāhām*": "preposition + proper noun - to Abraham", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*nišbaʿtā*": "Niphal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have sworn", "*la-ʾăbōtênû*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - to our fathers", "*mi-yəmê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct noun - from days of", "*qedem*": "masculine singular noun - ancient times/old" }, "variants": { "*tittēn*": "you will give/grant/provide", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy", "*nišbaʿtā*": "you have sworn/taken oath", "*ʾăbōtênû*": "our fathers/ancestors", "*yəmê qedem*": "days of old/ancient times/days long ago" } }