Exodus 23:22

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

If you listen carefully to his voice and do everything I say, I will be an enemy to your enemies and oppose those who oppose you.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּ֣י אִם־שָׁמֹ֤עַ תִּשְׁמַע֙ בְּקֹל֔וֹ וְעָשִׂ֕יתָ כֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲדַבֵּ֑ר וְאָֽיַבְתִּי֙ אֶת־אֹ֣יְבֶ֔יךָ וְצַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־צֹרְרֶֽיךָ׃

Transliteration

For if-šāmōaʿ tišmaʿ in-qōlô and-ʿāśîtā all which ʾădabbēr and-ʾāyabtî ʾet-ʾōyĕbekā and-ṣartî ʾet-ṣōrĕrekā

Grammar Details

• *šāmōaʿ tišmaʿ*: qal infinitive absolute + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - emphatic construction: 'you will surely listen'
• *qōlô*: noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his voice
• *ʿāśîtā*: qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - you will do
• *ʾădabbēr*: piel imperfect 1st person common singular - I speak/say
• *ʾāyabtî*: qal perfect 1st person common singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - I will be an enemy to
• *ʾōyĕbekā*: qal participle masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - those who are enemies to you
• *ṣartî*: qal perfect 1st person common singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - I will be hostile to
• *ṣōrĕrekā*: qal participle masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - those who are hostile to you

Word Meanings

• *šāmōaʿ tišmaʿ*: you will surely listen/you will certainly obey
• *ʾāyabtî*: I will be an enemy to/I will oppose/I will be hostile to
• *ʾōyĕbekā*: your enemies/those who are hostile to you
• *ṣartî*: I will be hostile to/I will oppose/I will afflict
• *ṣōrĕrekā*: your adversaries/those who oppress you/your foes

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But if you indeed obey his voice and do all that I speak, then I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But if thou shalt indeed hearken unto his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  But and yf thou shalt herken vnto his voyce ad kepe all that I shall tell the, the I wilbe an enimye vnto thyne enimies and an aduersarie vnto thine aduersaries.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But yf thou shalt herken vnto his voyce, and do all that I shal tell the, then wyl I be enemie vnto thy enemyes, and aduersary vnto thy aduersaries.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But if thou hearken vnto his voyce, & do all that I speake, the I wil be an enemie vnto thine enemies, and will afflict them that afflict thee.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But and if thou shalt in deede hearken vnto his voyce, & do al that I speake, I wylbe an enemie vnto thyne enemies, & an aduersarie vnto thine aduersaries.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But if you indeed listen to his voice, and do all that I speak, then I will be an enemy to your enemies, and an adversary to your adversaries.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  for, if thou diligently hearken to his voice, and hast done all that which I speak, then I have been at enmity with thine enemies, and have distressed those distressing thee.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But if thou shalt indeed hearken unto his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But if thou shalt indeed hearken unto his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But if you truly give ear to his voice, and do whatever I say, then I will be against those who are against you, fighting those who are fighting you.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But if you indeed listen to his voice, and do all that I speak, then I will be an enemy to your enemies, and an adversary to your adversaries.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But if you diligently obey him and do all that I command, then I will be an enemy to your enemies, and I will be an adversary to your adversaries.

Referenced Verses

• Gen 12:3 : 3 I will bless those who bless you, and whoever curses you, I will curse; and all the families of the earth will be blessed through you.
• Deut 30:7 : 7 The LORD your God will place all these curses on your enemies and on those who hate you and persecuted you.
• Jer 30:20 : 20 Their children will be as they were in former times, and their community will be established before Me. I will punish all who oppress them.
• Num 24:9 : 9 He crouched, he lay down like a lion, like a lioness—who dares to rouse him? Those who bless you will be blessed; those who curse you will be cursed.
• Zech 2:8 : 8 He said to him, 'Run and tell that young man: Jerusalem will be inhabited as a city without walls because of the multitude of people and livestock in it.'
• Acts 9:4-5 : 4 He fell to the ground and heard a voice saying to him, "Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?" 5 He said, "Who are You, Lord?" The Lord replied, "I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting. It is hard for you to kick against the goads."