Genesis 14:7

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Then they turned back and came to En Mishpat (that is, Kadesh), and they defeated all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites who lived in Hazezon-Tamar.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַ֠יָּשֻׁבוּ וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ אֶל־עֵ֤ין מִשְׁפָּט֙ הִ֣וא קָדֵ֔שׁ וַיַּכּ֕וּ אֶֽת־כָּל־שְׂדֵ֖ה הָעֲמָלֵקִ֑י וְגַם֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב בְּחַֽצְצֹ֥ן תָּמָֽר׃

Transliteration

way-yāšuḇû way-yāḇōʾû ʾel-ʿên mišpāṭ hîʾ qāḏēš way-yakkû ʾeṯ-kol-śəḏēh hā-ʿămālēqî wə-ḡam ʾeṯ-hā-ʾĕmōrî hay-yōšēḇ bə-ḥaṣṣōn tāmār

Grammar Details

• *way-yāšuḇû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they returned
• *way-yāḇōʾû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came
• *ʾel*: preposition - to
• *ʿên*: construct state - spring/fountain of
• *mišpāṭ*: common noun, masculine singular - judgment
• *hîʾ*: pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it/she
• *qāḏēš*: proper noun, place name (Kadesh)
• *way-yakkû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they struck/defeated
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *kol*: construct state - all of
• *śəḏēh*: construct state - country/territory of
• *hā-ʿămālēqî*: definite article + gentilic adjective - the Amalekite
• *wə-ḡam*: conjunction + adverb - and also
• *hā-ʾĕmōrî*: definite article + gentilic noun - the Amorite
• *hay-yōšēḇ*: definite article + participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling
• *bə-ḥaṣṣōn*: preposition + proper noun - in Hazazon
• *tāmār*: proper noun, place name (Tamar)

Word Meanings

• *ʿên mišpāṭ*: spring of judgment/En Mishpat
• *way-yakkû*: struck/defeated/smote
• *hay-yōšēḇ*: the one dwelling/inhabiting/sitting
• *bə-ḥaṣṣōn tāmār*: in Hazazon-tamar/Hazezon-tamar (later known as En Gedi)

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And they returned, and came to En-mishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezon-tamar.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And they returned and came to Enmishpat, which is Kadesh, and struck all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelled in Hazezontamar.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And they returned, and came to Enmishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezontamar.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And they returned,{H7725} and came{H935} to{H413} En-mishpat{H5880} (the same is Kadesh),{H6946} and smote{H5221} all the country{H7704} of the Amalekites,{H6003} and also the Amorites,{H567} that dwelt{H3427} in Hazazon-tamar.{H2688}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And they returned{H7725}{(H8799)}, and came{H935}{(H8799)} to{H413} Enmishpat{H5880}, which is Kadesh{H6946}, and smote{H5221}{(H8686)} all the country{H7704} of the Amalekites{H6003}, and also the Amorites{H567}, that dwelt{H3427}{(H8802)} in Hazezontamar{H2688}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And then turned they and came to the well of iugmente which is Cades and smote all the contre of the Amalechites and also the amorytes that dwell in Hazezon Thamar.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And then they turned, & came to the well of iudgment (which is Cades) & smote all the countre of the Amalechites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezon Thamar.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And they returned and came to En-mishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the countrey of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites that dwelled in Hazezon-tamar.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And they returnyng, came to En-mispat, which is Cades, and smote all the countrey of the Amalecites, and also the Amorites that dwelt in Hazezon-thamar.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And they returned, and came to Enmishpat, which [is] Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezontamar.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  They returned, and came to En-mishpat (the same is Kadesh), and struck all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that lived in Hazazon Tamar.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and they turn back and come in unto En-Mishpat, which `is' Kadesh, and smite the whole field of the Amalekite, and also the Amorite who is dwelling in Hazezon-Tamar.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And they returned, and came to En-mishpat (the same is Kadesh), and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazazon-tamar.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And they returned, and came to En-mishpat (the same is Kadesh), and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazazon-tamar.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then they came back to En-mishpat (which is Kadesh), making waste all the country of the Amalekites and of the Amorites living in Hazazon-tamar.

• World English Bible (2000)

  They returned, and came to En Mishpat (the same is Kadesh), and struck all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that lived in Hazazon Tamar.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Then they attacked En Mishpat(that is, Kadesh) again, and they conquered all the territory of the Amalekites, as well as the Amorites who were living in Hazazon Tamar.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Chr 20:2 : 2 Some men came and told Jehoshaphat, saying, 'A massive army is coming against you from Edom, from beyond the sea. They are already in Hazazon Tamar (that is, En Gedi).'
• Gen 16:14 : 14 Therefore the well was called Beer Lahai Roi; it is located between Kadesh and Bered.
• Gen 20:1 : 1 Abraham journeyed from there to the Negev and settled between Kadesh and Shur, and he lived temporarily in Gerar.
• Gen 36:12 : 12 Timna was a concubine of Eliphaz, Esau’s son, and she bore Amalek to Eliphaz. These are the descendants of Adah, Esau’s wife.
• Gen 36:16 : 16 Chief Korah, Chief Gatam, and Chief Amalek. These are the chiefs of Eliphaz in the land of Edom; these are the descendants of Adah.
• Exod 17:8-9 : 8 Then Amalek came and fought with Israel at Rephidim. 9 Moses said to Joshua, "Choose some men for us and go out to fight against Amalek. Tomorrow, I will stand on top of the hill with the staff of God in my hand." 10 So Joshua did as Moses had said to him and fought against Amalek, while Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill. 11 As long as Moses held up his hands, Israel prevailed; but when he lowered his hands, Amalek prevailed. 12 When Moses' hands grew heavy, they took a stone and placed it under him, and he sat on it. Aaron and Hur supported his hands, one on one side and one on the other, so his hands remained steady until sunset. 13 So Joshua defeated Amalek and his people with the sword. 14 Then the LORD said to Moses, "Write this as a memorial in a book and recite it to Joshua: 'I will utterly blot out the memory of Amalek from under heaven.'" 15 Moses built an altar and named it The LORD Is My Banner. 16 He said, "Because hands were lifted up against the throne of the LORD, the LORD will be at war with Amalek from generation to generation."
• Num 13:26 : 26 They came back to Moses, Aaron, and the entire assembly of the Israelites at Kadesh in the Wilderness of Paran. There they reported to them and showed them the fruit of the land.
• Num 14:43 : 43 For the Amalekites and Canaanites are there to confront you, and you will fall by the sword. Because you have turned away from the LORD, He will not be with you.
• Num 14:45 : 45 Then the Amalekites and Canaanites who lived in that hill country came down, attacked them, and routed them as far as Hormah.
• Num 20:1 : 1 In the first month, the entire community of the Israelites came to the wilderness of Zin, and the people stayed at Kadesh. There Miriam died and was buried.
• Num 24:20 : 20 Then Balaam saw Amalek and spoke his oracle: 'Amalek was first among the nations, but their end will be utter destruction.'
• Deut 1:19 : 19 Then we set out from Horeb and went through all that great and terrible wilderness, which you saw, on the way to the hill country of the Amorites, as the LORD our God commanded us. And we came to Kadesh-barnea.
• Deut 1:46 : 46 So you stayed in Kadesh for many days, as long as you remained there.
• Josh 15:62 : 62 Nibshan, the City of Salt, and En-gedi—six cities with their villages.
• 1 Sam 15:1-9 : 1 Samuel said to Saul, "The LORD sent me to anoint you as king over His people Israel. Now, listen to the words of the LORD. 2 This is what the LORD of Hosts says: 'I will punish Amalek for what they did to Israel, how they ambushed them on their way up from Egypt.' 3 Now go and attack Amalek. Devote to destruction everything they have. Do not spare them; kill men and women, children and infants, oxen and sheep, camels and donkeys.' 4 Saul summoned the people and mustered them at Telaim—200,000 foot soldiers and 10,000 men of Judah. 5 Saul advanced to the city of Amalek and set up an ambush in the valley. 6 Saul said to the Kenites, 'Go, depart, leave the Amalekites, so that I do not destroy you along with them. For you showed kindness to the Israelites when they came out of Egypt.' So the Kenites departed from among the Amalekites. 7 Then Saul defeated the Amalekites from Havilah as far as Shur, which is east of Egypt. 8 He captured Agag, king of Amalek, alive, but he utterly destroyed all the people with the sword. 9 Saul and the people spared Agag and the best of the sheep, cattle, fatlings, and lambs, and all that was good. They refused to utterly destroy them, but everything despised and worthless, they completely destroyed. 10 Then the word of the LORD came to Samuel, saying: 11 I regret that I have made Saul king, for he has turned away from following me and has not carried out my commands. This grieved Samuel, and he cried out to the LORD all night. 12 Early in the morning, Samuel got up to meet Saul, but he was told, 'Saul went to Carmel and has set up a monument in his own honor. Then he turned and went down to Gilgal.' 13 When Samuel reached him, Saul said, 'Blessed are you of the LORD! I have carried out the LORD's instruction.' 14 But Samuel said, 'What is this sound of sheep and cattle that I hear?' 15 Saul answered, 'They brought them from the Amalekites; the people spared the best of the sheep and cattle to sacrifice to the LORD your God, but the rest we have utterly destroyed.' 16 Then Samuel said to Saul, 'Stop! Let me tell you what the LORD said to me last night.' Saul replied, 'Speak.' 17 Samuel said, 'Although you were small in your own eyes, were you not made the head of the tribes of Israel? The LORD anointed you king over Israel.' 18 And the LORD sent you on a mission, saying, 'Go and utterly destroy the sinful Amalekites; wage war against them until you completely wipe them out.' 19 Why then did you not obey the LORD? Why did you rush for the spoil and do what is evil in the eyes of the LORD? 20 But Saul said to Samuel, 'I did obey the LORD. I went on the mission the LORD assigned me. I brought back Agag, the king of Amalek, and I utterly destroyed the Amalekites.' 21 But the people took sheep and cattle from the plunder—the best of what was devoted to destruction—to sacrifice to the LORD your God in Gilgal. 22 Then Samuel said, 'Does the LORD delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as in obeying the voice of the LORD? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed is better than the fat of rams.' 23 For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and defiance is like iniquity and idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king. 24 Then Saul said to Samuel, 'I have sinned. I disregarded the command of the LORD and your words, because I feared the people and obeyed their voice.' 25 Now, please forgive my sin and return with me so that I may worship the LORD. 26 But Samuel replied to Saul, 'I will not go back with you, because you have rejected the word of the LORD, and the LORD has rejected you from being king over Israel.' 27 As Samuel turned to go, Saul grabbed the hem of his robe, and it tore. 28 And Samuel said to him, 'The LORD has torn the kingdom of Israel away from you today and has given it to one of your neighbors, someone better than you.' 29 Moreover, the Eternal One of Israel does not lie or change His mind, for He is not a man, that He should change His mind. 30 Saul replied, 'I have sinned, but please honor me now in front of the elders of my people and before Israel. Come back with me so that I may worship the LORD your God.' 31 So Samuel went back with Saul, and Saul worshiped the LORD. 32 Then Samuel said, 'Bring Agag, king of Amalek, to me.' Agag came to him cheerfully, thinking, 'Surely the bitterness of death is past.' 33 Samuel said, 'As your sword has made women childless, so will your mother be childless among women.' Then Samuel cut Agag to pieces before the LORD at Gilgal. 34 Then Samuel went to Ramah, but Saul went up to his home in Gibeah of Saul. 35 Samuel never saw Saul again until the day of his death. Nevertheless, Samuel mourned for Saul, and the LORD regretted that He had made Saul king over Israel.
• 1 Sam 27:1-9 : 1 David said to himself, "One day I will perish at the hand of Saul. There is nothing better for me than to escape to the land of the Philistines. Then Saul will give up looking for me throughout the territory of Israel, and I will be safe from him." 2 So David arose and went over with his six hundred men to Achish son of Maoch, king of Gath. 3 David lived with Achish at Gath, he and his men, each with their households, and David with his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail, the widow of Nabal from Carmel. 4 When Saul was told that David had fled to Gath, he no longer pursued him. 5 Then David said to Achish, "If I have found favor in your eyes, let me have a place in one of the country towns, so that I may live there. Why should your servant remain living in the royal city with you?" 6 So that day, Achish gave him Ziklag, and it has belonged to the kings of Judah ever since. 7 David lived in Philistine territory for a year and four months. 8 Now David and his men went up and raided the Geshurites, the Girzites, and the Amalekites, for they had been living in the land from ancient times, from the route to Shur as far as the land of Egypt. 9 David attacked the land and did not leave alive a man or woman. He took sheep, cattle, donkeys, camels, and clothing, and then he returned and went to Achish. 10 When Achish asked, "Where did you raid today?" David replied, "Against the Negev of Judah, against the Negev of the Jerahmeelites, and against the Negev of the Kenites." 11 David did not leave alive a man or woman to bring to Gath, for he thought, "They might inform against us, saying, 'This is what David did.'" This was his practice the whole time he lived in Philistine territory. 12 Achish trusted David and thought, "He has made himself utterly detestable to his own people Israel, and he will be my servant forever."
• 1 Sam 30:1-9 : 1 On the third day, when David and his men arrived at Ziklag, they found that the Amalekites had invaded the Negev and Ziklag. They had attacked Ziklag and burned it to the ground. 2 The Amalekites had taken the women and everyone in the city captive, from the youngest to the oldest. They had not killed anyone but had taken them away as prisoners and gone on their way. 3 When David and his men came to the city, they saw that it had been burned, and their wives, sons, and daughters had been taken captive. 4 Then David and the people who were with him lifted their voices and wept until they could weep no more because they had no strength left. 5 Both of David’s wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail, the widow of Nabal of Carmel, had been taken captive. 6 David was greatly distressed because the people talked about stoning him. They were all bitter in spirit because of their sons and daughters, but David found strength in the Lord his God. 7 David said to Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, "Bring me the ephod." So Abiathar brought the ephod to David. 8 David inquired of the Lord, saying, "Should I pursue this raiding party? Will I overtake them?" The Lord answered, "Pursue them, for you will certainly overtake them and rescue the captives." 9 David and the six hundred men with him set out, and they came to the Besor Valley, where some stayed behind. 10 David continued the pursuit with four hundred men, while two hundred stayed behind because they were too exhausted to cross the Besor Valley. 11 They found an Egyptian man in the field and brought him to David. They gave him bread to eat and water to drink. 12 They also gave him a piece of pressed fig cake and two clusters of raisins. After he ate, he revived, because he had not eaten food or drunk water for three days and three nights. 13 David asked him, "Who do you belong to, and where are you from?" He answered, "I am an Egyptian, the servant of an Amalekite. My master abandoned me three days ago because I fell ill." 14 "We raided the Negev of the Kerethites, the territory of Judah, and the Negev of Caleb, and we burned Ziklag." 15 David asked him, "Can you lead me to this raiding party?" He answered, "Swear to me by God that you will neither kill me nor hand me over to my master, and I will lead you to them." 16 He led David down to them, and there they were, scattered over the countryside, eating, drinking, and celebrating because of the great spoil they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from Judah. 17 David attacked them from twilight until the evening of the next day. None of them escaped, except four hundred young men who rode off on camels and fled. 18 David recovered everything the Amalekites had taken, including his two wives. 19 Nothing was missing, whether young or old, son or daughter, or anything else they had taken. David brought everything back. 20 David took all the flocks and herds, and his men drove them ahead of the other livestock, saying, "This is David’s spoil." 21 Then David returned to the two hundred men who had been too exhausted to follow him and had stayed behind at the Besor Valley. They came out to meet David and the troops with him, and David greeted them warmly. 22 Then all the wicked and worthless men among those who had gone with David said, "Since they did not go with us, we will not give them any of the spoil we recovered. However, each man may take his wife and children and leave." 23 But David said, "You must not act this way, my brothers, with what the Lord has given us. He has protected us and delivered the raiding party that came against us into our hands. 24 Who will listen to your proposal? The share of the one who goes into battle shall be the same as the share of the one who stays with the supplies; they will share equally." 25 From that day forward, David made this a statute and ordinance for Israel, and it remains so to this day. 26 When David reached Ziklag, he sent some of the spoil to the elders of Judah, to his friends, saying, "Here is a gift for you from the plunder of the Lord's enemies." 27 He sent it to those in Bethel, Ramoth-Negev, and Jattir; 28 to those in Aroer, Siphmoth, and Eshtemoa; 29 to those in Racal, in the towns of the Jerahmeelites, and in the towns of the Kenites; 30 to those in Hormah, Bor-Ashan, and Athach; 31 and to those in Hebron and in all the other places where David and his men had roamed.