Judges 12:5

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The Gileadites seized the fords of the Jordan opposite Ephraim, and whenever a fugitive from Ephraim tried to cross over, they would say, "Let me cross over." The men of Gilead would respond, "Are you an Ephraimite?" If he said, "No,"

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּלְכֹּ֥ד גִּלְעָ֛ד אֶֽת־מַעְבְּר֥וֹת הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן לְאֶפְרָ֑יִם וְֽ֠הָיָה כִּ֣י יֹאמְר֞וּ פְּלִיטֵ֤י אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶעֱבֹ֔רָה וַיֹּ֨אמְרוּ ל֧וֹ אַנְשֵֽׁי־גִלְעָ֛ד הַֽאֶפְרָתִ֥י אַ֖תָּה וַיֹּ֥אמֶֽר ׀ לֹֽא

Transliteration

And wayyilkōḏ gilʿāḏ ʾeṯ-maʿbərôṯ hayyardēn to-ʾep̄rāyim and-wəhāyāh when yōʾmərû pəlîṭê ʾep̄rayim ʾeʿĕḇōrāh and wayyōʾmərû to-him ʾanšê-gilʿāḏ haʾep̄rāṯî [are] you and wayyōʾmer no

Grammar Details

• *wayyilkōḏ*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he/it captured
• *gilʿāḏ*: proper noun - Gilead
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *maʿbərôṯ*: feminine plural construct - fords/crossings of
• *hayyardēn*: definite article + proper noun - the Jordan
• *wəhāyāh*: waw-consecutive + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass
• *yōʾmərû*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they would say
• *pəlîṭê*: masculine plural construct - fugitives/escapees of
• *ʾep̄rayim*: proper noun - Ephraim
• *ʾeʿĕḇōrāh*: Qal imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - let me cross over
• *wayyōʾmərû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said
• *ʾanšê*: masculine plural construct - men of
• *haʾep̄rāṯî*: definite article + gentilic adjective - the Ephraimite
• *wayyōʾmer*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said

Word Meanings

• *wayyilkōḏ*: captured/seized/took control of
• *maʿbərôṯ*: fords/crossings/passages
• *ʾeʿĕḇōrāh*: let me cross over/let me pass through
• *haʾep̄rāṯî*: Ephrathite/Ephraimite

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the Gileadites took the passages of Jordan before the Ephraimites: and it was so, that when those Ephraimites which were escaped said, Let me go over; that the men of Gilead said unto him, Art thou an Ephraimite? If he said, Nay;

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the Gileadites took the passages of Jordan before the Ephraimites: and it happened, that when those Ephraimites who had escaped said, Let me go over; that the men of Gilead said to him, Are you an Ephraimite? If he said, No;

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the Gileadites took the passages of Jordan before the Ephraimites: and it was so, that when those Ephraimites which were escaped said, Let me go over; that the men of Gilead said unto him, Art thou an Ephraimite? If he said, Nay;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the Gileadites took the fords of the Jordan against the Ephraimites. And it was so, that, when [any of] the fugitives of Ephraim said, Let me go over, the men of Gilead said unto him, Art thou an Ephraimite? If he said, Nay;

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the Gileadites took the passages of Jordan before the Ephraimites: and it was so, that when those Ephraimites which were escaped said, Let me go over; that the men of Gilead said unto him, Art thou an Ephraimite? If he said, Nay;

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And the Gileadites toke ye ferye of Iordane from Ephraim. Now wha one of ye fugityue Ephraites dyd saye: Let me go ouer, ye men of Gilead sayde: Art thou an Ephraite? yf he answered: No,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Also the Gileadites tooke the passages of Iorden before the Ephraimites, and when the Ephraimites that were escaped, saide, Let me passe, then the men of Gilead said vnto him, Art thou an Ephraimite? If he said, Nay,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Moreouer, the men of Gilead toke the passages of Iordane before the Ephraites: And when those Ephraites that were escaped, said, Let me go ouer: then the men of Gilead sayde vnto hym, Art thou an Ephraite? If he sayde, nay:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the Gileadites took the passages of Jordan before the Ephraimites: and it was [so], that when those Ephraimites which were escaped said, Let me go over; that the men of Gilead said unto him, [Art] thou an Ephraimite? If he said, Nay;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The Gileadites took the fords of the Jordan against the Ephraimites. It was so, that when [any of] the fugitives of Ephraim said, Let me go over, the men of Gilead said to him, Are you an Ephraimite? If he said, No;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Gilead captureth the passages of the Jordan to Ephraim, and it hath been, when `any of' the fugitives of Ephraim say, `Let me pass over,' and the men of Gilead say to him, `An Ephramite thou?' and he saith, `No;'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the Gileadites took the fords of the Jordan against the Ephraimites. And it was so, that, when `any of' the fugitives of Ephraim said, Let me go over, the men of Gilead said unto him, Art thou an Ephraimite? If he said, Nay;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the Gileadites took the fords of the Jordan against the Ephraimites. And it was so, that, when [any of] the fugitives of Ephraim said, Let me go over, the men of Gilead said unto him, Art thou an Ephraimite? If he said, Nay;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the Gileadites took the crossing-places of Jordan against the Ephraimites; and when any of the men of Ephraim who had gone in flight said, let me go over; the men of Gilead said to him, Are you an Ephraimite? And if he said, No;

• World English Bible (2000)

  The Gileadites took the fords of the Jordan against the Ephraimites. It was so, that when [any of] the fugitives of Ephraim said, Let me go over, the men of Gilead said to him, "Are you an Ephraimite?" If he said, "No;"

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The Gileadites captured the fords of the Jordan River opposite Ephraim. Whenever an Ephraimite fugitive said,“Let me cross over,” the men of Gilead asked him,“Are you an Ephraimite?” If he said,“No,”

Referenced Verses

• Judg 3:28 : 28 He said to them, 'Follow me, for the Lord has given your enemies, the Moabites, into your hands.' So they followed him, captured the fords of the Jordan leading to Moab, and did not allow anyone to cross over.
• Josh 22:11 : 11 Then the Israelites heard it said, 'Look, the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh have built an altar on the border of the land of Canaan, by the region of the Jordan, on the Israelite side.'
• Josh 2:7 : 7 The pursuers set out along the road toward the fords of the Jordan, and as soon as they left, the city gate was shut.
• Judg 7:24 : 24 Gideon sent messengers throughout the hill country of Ephraim, saying, "Come down and attack the Midianites. Capture the waters around Beth Barah and the Jordan." So all the men of Ephraim were called out, and they secured the waters as far as Beth Barah and the Jordan.