Mark 8:31

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

He then began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things, be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and teachers of the law, be killed, and after three days rise again.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ ἤρξατο διδάσκειν αὐτούς, ὅτι δεῖ τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν, καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων, καὶ ἀρχιερέων, καὶ γραμματέων, καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι, καὶ μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστῆναι.

Transliteration

And he ērxato to didaskein them, that it is necessary the Huion of anthrōpou many things to pathein, and to be apodokimasthēnai by the presbyterōn, and archiereōn, and grammateōn, and to be apoktanthēnai, and after treis hēmeras to anastēnai.

Grammar Details

• *ērxato*: verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he began
• *didaskein*: verb, present active infinitive - to teach
• *Huion*: noun, masculine accusative singular - Son
• *anthrōpou*: noun, masculine genitive singular - of man
• *pathein*: verb, aorist active infinitive - to suffer
• *apodokimasthēnai*: verb, aorist passive infinitive - to be rejected
• *presbyterōn*: noun, masculine genitive plural - of elders
• *archiereōn*: noun, masculine genitive plural - of chief priests
• *grammateōn*: noun, masculine genitive plural - of scribes
• *apoktanthēnai*: verb, aorist passive infinitive - to be killed
• *treis*: numeral, feminine accusative - three
• *hēmeras*: noun, feminine accusative plural - days
• *anastēnai*: verb, aorist active infinitive - to rise

Word Meanings

• *ērxato*: he began/started
• *didaskein*: to teach/instruct
• *Huion*: Son/descendant
• *anthrōpou*: of man/of humanity
• *pathein*: to suffer/endure
• *apodokimasthēnai*: to be rejected/disowned
• *presbyterōn*: of elders/elderly men
• *archiereōn*: of chief priests/high priests
• *grammateōn*: of scribes/scholars
• *apoktanthēnai*: to be killed/slain
• *anastēnai*: to rise/stand up/be raised

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders, and of the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders, and of the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And{G2532} he began{G756} to teach{G1321} them,{G846} that{G3754} the Son{G5207} of man{G444} must{G1163} suffer{G3958} many things,{G4183} and{G2532} be rejected{G593} by{G575} the elders,{G4245} and{G2532} the chief priests,{G749} and{G2532} the scribes,{G1122} and{G2532} be killed,{G615} and{G2532} after{G3326} three{G5140} days{G2250} rise again.{G450}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And{G2532} he began{G756}{(G5662)} to teach{G1321}{(G5721)} them{G846}, that{G3754} the Son{G5207} of man{G444} must{G1163}{(G5748)} suffer{G3958}{(G5629)} many things{G4183}, and{G2532} be rejected{G593}{(G5683)} of{G575} the elders{G4245}, and{G2532} of the chief priests{G749}, and{G2532} scribes{G1122}, and{G2532} be killed{G615}{(G5683)}, and{G2532} after{G3326} three{G5140} days{G2250} rise again{G450}{(G5629)}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And he beganne to teache them how that the sonne of man must suffre many thinges and shuld be reproved of the elders and of the hye prestes and scribes and be kylled and after thre dayes aryse agayne.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And he begane to teach them: The sonne of man must suffre many thinges, and be cast out of the elders & hye prestes and scrybes, and be put to death, and after thre dayes ryse agayne.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then hee began to teache them that the Sonne of man must suffer many things, and should be reproued of the Elders, and of the hie Priestes, and of the Scribes, and be slaine, and within three dayes rise againe.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And he began to teache them, howe that the sonne of man must suffer many thynges, & be reproued of the elders, and of the hie priestes, & scribes, and be killed, and after three dayes, aryse agayne.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders, and [of] the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and began to teach them, that it behoveth the Son of Man to suffer many things, and to be rejected by the elders, and chief priests, and scribes, and to be killed, and after three days to rise again;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, and the chief priests, and the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, and the chief priests, and the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And teaching them, he said that the Son of man would have to undergo much, and be hated by those in authority, and the chief priests, and the scribes, and be put to death, and after three days come back from the dead.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  First Prediction of Jesus’ Death and Resurrection Then Jesus began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and experts in the law, and be killed, and after three days rise again.

Referenced Verses

• Hos 6:2 : 2 After two days He will revive us; on the third day He will raise us up, so that we may live before Him.
• Matt 12:40 : 40 For just as Jonah was in the belly of the great fish for three days and three nights, so the Son of Man will be in the heart of the earth for three days and three nights.
• Mark 10:33-34 : 33 'We are going up to Jerusalem,' he said, 'and the Son of Man will be delivered over to the chief priests and the scribes. They will condemn him to death and hand him over to the Gentiles. 34 They will mock him, spit on him, flog him, and kill him. After three days he will rise.'
• Mark 12:10 : 10 Have you not read this Scripture: 'The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.'?
• Luke 17:25 : 25 But first he must suffer many things and be rejected by this generation.
• John 2:19 : 19 Jesus answered them, 'Destroy this temple, and I will raise it again in three days.'
• Luke 24:26 : 26 Did not the Messiah have to suffer these things and then enter his glory?"
• Luke 24:44 : 44 He said to them, "This is what I told you while I was still with you: Everything must be fulfilled that is written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms."
• John 12:48 : 48 The one who rejects Me and does not accept My words has a judge: The word I have spoken will judge them on the last day.
• Acts 3:13-15 : 13 The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the God of our fathers, has glorified His servant Jesus, whom you handed over and denied before Pilate, though he had decided to release Him. 14 You denied the Holy and Righteous One and asked for a murderer to be granted to you. 15 You killed the Author of life, whom God raised from the dead. We are witnesses of this.
• Acts 7:35 : 35 This same Moses, whom they had rejected by saying, 'Who made you ruler and judge?'—this is the one God sent as ruler and deliverer through the angel who appeared to him in the bush.
• Acts 7:51-52 : 51 You stiff-necked people! Your hearts and ears are still uncircumcised. You are always resisting the Holy Spirit, just as your ancestors did. 52 Which of the prophets did your ancestors not persecute? They even killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One, and now you have betrayed and murdered him—
• 1 Cor 15:4 : 4 that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures,
• Luke 18:31-34 : 31 Jesus took the twelve disciples aside and said to them, 'Look, we are going up to Jerusalem, and everything that has been written by the prophets about the Son of Man will be fulfilled.' 32 'He will be handed over to the Gentiles, mocked, abused, and spit upon.' 33 'They will flog him and kill him, but on the third day, he will rise.' 34 The disciples understood none of this. The meaning of the words was hidden from them, and they did not comprehend what he was saying.
• Luke 24:6-7 : 6 He is not here; he has risen! Remember how he told you, while he was still in Galilee, 7 "The Son of Man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, be crucified, and on the third day rise again."
• Luke 9:22-27 : 22 He said, 'The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and teachers of the law. He must be killed and on the third day be raised to life.' 23 Then he said to them all, 'If anyone wants to follow me, they must deny themselves, take up their cross daily, and follow me.' 24 'For whoever wants to save their life will lose it, but whoever loses their life for my sake will save it.' 25 'What good is it for someone to gain the whole world and yet lose or forfeit their very self?' 26 For whoever is ashamed of me and my words, the Son of Man will be ashamed of them when he comes in his glory and in the glory of the Father and the holy angels. 27 Truly I tell you, there are some standing here who will not taste death before they see the kingdom of God.
• Matt 16:21-28 : 21 From that time on, Jesus began to explain to His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, suffer many things at the hands of the elders, chief priests, and scribes, be killed, and on the third day be raised to life. 22 Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, "Far be it from You, Lord! This shall never happen to You!" 23 But Jesus turned and said to Peter, "Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me, because you do not have in mind the concerns of God, but merely human concerns." 24 Then Jesus said to His disciples, "If anyone wants to come after Me, he must deny himself, take up his cross, and follow Me. 25 For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will find it. 26 For what will it profit a person to gain the whole world, yet forfeit his soul? Or what can anyone give in exchange for their soul? 27 For the Son of Man is going to come in His Father’s glory with His angels, and then He will repay each person according to what they have done. 28 Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom.
• Matt 17:22-23 : 22 When they came together in Galilee, Jesus said to them, 'The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men.' 23 'They will kill Him, and on the third day He will be raised to life.' And the disciples were deeply grieved.
• Matt 20:17-19 : 17 As Jesus was going up to Jerusalem, he took the twelve disciples aside privately and said to them, 18 'Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be delivered to the chief priests and scribes. They will condemn him to death.' 19 And they will hand him over to the Gentiles to mock, to flog, and to crucify him; and on the third day, he will rise again.
• Matt 21:42 : 42 Jesus said to them, 'Have you never read in the Scriptures: The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. This came from the Lord and is wonderful in our eyes?
• Mark 9:31-32 : 31 because he was teaching his disciples. He said to them, 'The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men. They will kill him, and after he is killed, he will rise on the third day.' 32 But they did not understand what he meant and were afraid to ask him about it.
• 1 Sam 8:7 : 7 The LORD said to Samuel, 'Listen to the voice of the people in all that they say to you. It is not you they have rejected but they have rejected me as their king.
• 1 Sam 10:19 : 19 'But today you have rejected your God, who delivers you from all your calamities and distresses. You have said to Him, "Set a king over us." Now present yourselves before the LORD by your tribes and clans.'
• Ps 118:22 : 22 The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.
• Isa 53:3 : 3 He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief. Like one from whom people hide their faces, he was despised, and we did not esteem him.