Revelation 9:20

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The rest of humanity, who were not killed by these plagues, did not repent of the works of their hands. They did not stop worshiping demons and idols of gold, silver, bronze, stone, and wood—idols that cannot see or hear or walk.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων οἳ οὐκ ἀπεκτάνθησαν ἐν ταῖς πληγαῖς ταύταις οὐδὲ μετενόησαν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν, ἵνα μὴ προσκυνήσωσιν τὰ δαιμόνια, καὶ εἴδωλα τὰ χρυσᾶ, καὶ τὰ ἀργυρᾶ, καὶ τὰ χαλκᾶ, καὶ τὰ λίθινα, καὶ τὰ ξύλινα: ἃ οὔτε βλέπειν δύναται, οὔτε ἀκούειν, οὔτε περιπατεῖν:

Transliteration

And the loipoi of the anthrōpōn who not apektanthēsan by the plēgais these neither metenoēsan from the ergōn of the cheirōn of them, hina not proskynēsōsin the daimonia, and eidōla the chrysa, and the argyra, and the chalka, and the lithina, and the xylina: which neither blepein dynatai, neither akouein, neither peripatein:

Grammar Details

• *loipoi*: nominative, masculine, plural - rest/remainder
• *anthrōpōn*: genitive, masculine, plural - men/humans
• *apektanthēsan*: aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they were killed
• *plēgais*: dative, feminine, plural - plagues/blows
• *metenoēsan*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they repented
• *ergōn*: genitive, neuter, plural - works/deeds
• *cheirōn*: genitive, feminine, plural - hands
• *hina*: conjunction - that/in order that
• *proskynēsōsin*: aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they should worship
• *daimonia*: accusative, neuter, plural - demons
• *eidōla*: accusative, neuter, plural - idols
• *chrysa*: accusative, neuter, plural - golden
• *argyra*: accusative, neuter, plural - silver
• *chalka*: accusative, neuter, plural - bronze/copper
• *lithina*: accusative, neuter, plural - stone
• *xylina*: accusative, neuter, plural - wooden
• *blepein*: present active infinitive - to see
• *dynatai*: present middle indicative, 3rd person singular - is able
• *akouein*: present active infinitive - to hear
• *peripatein*: present active infinitive - to walk

Word Meanings

• *loipoi*: rest/remainder/others
• *plēgais*: plagues/blows/wounds
• *metenoēsan*: repented/changed their minds
• *proskynēsōsin*: worship/bow down to
• *daimonia*: demons/evil spirits

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the st of the men which we not killed by these plagues yet pented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship devils, and idols of gold, and silver, and brass, and stone, and of wood: which neither can see, nor hear, nor walk:

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But the rest of mankind, who were not killed by these plagues, did not repent of the works of their hands, that they should not worship demons, and idols of gold, silver, brass, stone, and wood, which can neither see nor hear nor walk.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the rest of the men which were not killed by these plagues yet repented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship devils, and idols of gold, and silver, and brass, and stone, and of wood: which neither can see, nor hear, nor walk:

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And{G2532} the rest{G3062} of mankind,{G444} who{G3739} were{G615} not{G3756} killed{G615} with{G1722} these{G3778} plagues,{G4127} repented{G3340} not{G3756} of{G1537} the works{G2041} of their{G846} hands,{G5495} that{G2443} they should{G4352} not{G3361} worship{G4352} demons,{G1140} and{G2532} the idols{G1497} of gold,{G5552} and{G2532} of silver,{G693} and{G2532} of brass,{G5470} and{G2532} of stone,{G3035} and{G2532} of wood;{G3585} which{G3739} can{G1410} neither{G3777} see,{G991} nor{G3777} hear,{G191} nor{G3777} walk:{G4043}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And{G2532} the rest{G3062} of the men{G444} which{G3739} were{G615} not{G3756} killed{G615}{(G5681)} by{G1722} these{G5025} plagues{G4127} yet{G3777} repented{G3340}{(G5656)} not{G3777} of{G1537} the works{G2041} of their{G846} hands{G5495}, that{G3363} they should{G4352} not{G3363} worship{G4352}{(G5661)} devils{G1140}, and{G2532} idols{G1497} of gold{G5552}, and{G2532} silver{G693}, and{G2532} brass{G5470}, and{G2532} stone{G3035}, and{G2532} of wood{G3585}: which{G3739} neither{G3777} can{G1410}{(G5736)} see{G991}{(G5721)}, nor{G3777} hear{G191}{(G5721)}, nor{G3777} walk{G4043}{(G5721)}:

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And the remnaunt of the me which were not kylled by these plages repented not of the dedes of their hondes that they shulde not worshyppe devyls and ymages of golde and sylver and brasse and stone and of wood which nether can se nether heare nether goo.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And the remnaunt of the me which were not kylled by these plages, repeted not of the dedes of their hondes, yt they shulde not worshippe deuels, and ymages of golde, and syluer, and brasse, & stone, and of wod, which nether can se, nether heare, nether go.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And the remnant of the men which were not killed by these plagues, repented not of the works of their handes that they should not worship deuils, and idoles of golde and of siluer, and of brasse, and of stone, and of wood, which neither can see, neither heare nor goe.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the remnaunt of the men whiche were not killed by these plagues, repented not of the deedes of their handes, that they shoulde not worship deuyls, and idoles of golde, and syluer, & brasse, and stone, and of wood, whiche neither can see, neither heare, neither go:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the rest of the men which were not killed by these plagues yet repented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship devils, and idols of gold, and silver, and brass, and stone, and of wood: which neither can see, nor hear, nor walk:

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The rest of mankind, who were not killed with these plagues, didn't repent of the works of their hands, that they wouldn't worship demons, and the idols of gold, and of silver, and of brass, and of stone, and of wood; which can neither see, nor hear, nor walk.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and the rest of men, who were not killed in these plagues, neither did reform from the works of their hands, that they may not bow before the demons, and idols, those of gold, and those of silver, and those of brass, and those of stone, and those of wood, that are neither able to see, nor to hear, nor to walk,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the rest of mankind, who were not killed with these plagues, repented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship demons, and the idols of gold, and of silver, and of brass, and of stone, and of wood; which can neither see, nor hear, nor walk:

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the rest of mankind, who were not killed with these plagues, repented not of the works of their hands, that they should not worship demons, and the idols of gold, and of silver, and of brass, and of stone, and of wood; which can neither see, nor hear, nor walk:

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the rest of the people, who were not put to death by these evils, were not turned from the works of their hands, but went on giving worship to evil spirits, and images of gold and silver and brass and stone and wood which have no power of seeing or hearing or walking:

• World English Bible (2000)

  The rest of mankind, who were not killed with these plagues, didn't repent of the works of their hands, that they wouldn't worship demons, and the idols of gold, and of silver, and of brass, and of stone, and of wood; which can neither see, nor hear, nor walk.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The rest of humanity, who had not been killed by these plagues, did not repent of the works of their hands, so that they did not stop worshiping demons and idols made of gold, silver, bronze, stone, and wood– idols that cannot see or hear or walk about.

Referenced Verses

• Dan 5:23 : 23 Instead, you have exalted yourself against the Lord of heaven. You had the vessels from His house brought to you, and you and your nobles, your wives, and your concubines drank wine from them. You praised gods of silver, gold, bronze, iron, wood, and stone, which cannot see, hear, or understand. But the God who holds your breath in His hand and controls all your ways, you have not glorified.
• Deut 31:29 : 29 For I know that after my death you are sure to become utterly corrupt and to turn from the way I have commanded you. In days to come, disaster will fall on you because you will do evil in the sight of the LORD and arouse his anger by what your hands have made.'
• Rev 16:8 : 8 The fourth angel poured out his bowl on the sun, and it was allowed to scorch people with fire.
• Acts 7:41 : 41 At that time, they made a calf and offered a sacrifice to the idol, rejoicing in the works of their hands.
• Acts 17:29 : 29 Therefore, since we are God's offspring, we should not think that the divine being is like gold, silver, or stone—an image formed by human skill and imagination.
• Acts 19:26 : 26 You see and hear that not only in Ephesus but almost all of Asia, this Paul has persuaded and turned away a great number of people by saying that gods made by hands are not really gods.
• Rom 1:21-23 : 21 For although they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God or give thanks to Him, but they became futile in their thinking, and their foolish hearts were darkened. 22 Claiming to be wise, they became fools. 23 And they exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling mortal man, birds, animals, and creeping things.
• 1 Cor 10:20-21 : 20 No, but what the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons and not to God, and I do not want you to become participants with demons. 21 You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons too; you cannot share in the Lord’s table and the table of demons.
• 2 Cor 12:21 : 21 I fear that when I come again, my God will humble me before you, and I will grieve over many who have sinned earlier and have not repented of the impurity, sexual immorality, and sensuality they have practiced.
• 1 Tim 4:1 : 1 Now the Spirit explicitly says that in later times some will fall away from the faith, giving heed to deceiving spirits and the teachings of demons.
• Rev 2:21-22 : 21 I have given her time to repent of her immorality, but she is unwilling. 22 Look, I will cast her onto a sickbed, and those who commit adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of her works.
• Rev 9:21 : 21 Nor did they repent of their murders, their sorceries, their sexual immorality, or their thefts.
• Lev 17:7 : 7 They must no longer offer their sacrifices to goat-demons, after whom they have been unfaithful. This is to be a lasting ordinance for them and for their descendants.
• Hab 2:18-20 : 18 What profit is an idol when its maker has carved it, or a cast image that teaches falsehood? For its maker trusts in his own creation to make worthless idols that cannot speak. 19 Woe to him who says to wood, 'Awake!' or to silent stone, 'Arise!' Can it teach? Look, it is overlaid with gold and silver, yet there is no breath at all within it. 20 But the LORD is in His holy temple; let all the earth be silent before Him.
• Matt 21:32 : 32 For John came to you in the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him. But the tax collectors and prostitutes did believe him. And even when you saw it, you did not later change your minds and believe him.
• Deut 32:17 : 17 They sacrificed to demons, not to God, to gods they had not known, to new gods that had recently appeared, gods your ancestors did not fear.
• 2 Kgs 22:17 : 17 ‘Because they have forsaken Me and burned incense to other gods, provoking Me to anger with all the works of their hands. Therefore, My wrath is kindled against this place, and it will not be quenched.’
• 2 Chr 28:22 : 22 During his time of distress, King Ahaz became even more unfaithful to the LORD.
• 2 Chr 34:25 : 25 Because they have abandoned Me and burned incense to other gods, provoking Me to anger with all the works of their hands, My wrath will be poured out on this place, and it will not be quenched.'
• Ps 106:37 : 37 They sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons.
• Ps 115:4-8 : 4 Their idols are silver and gold, the work of human hands. 5 They have mouths but cannot speak, eyes but cannot see. 6 They have ears but cannot hear, noses but cannot smell. 7 They have hands but cannot touch, feet but cannot walk, nor can they make a sound with their throats. 8 Those who make them become like them, as do all who trust in them.
• Ps 135:15-18 : 15 The idols of the nations are silver and gold, the work of human hands. 16 They have mouths but cannot speak, eyes but cannot see. 17 They have ears but cannot hear; there is no breath in their mouths. 18 Those who make them will become like them; so will all who trust in them.
• Isa 2:8 : 8 Their land is filled with idols. They bow down to the work of their own hands, to what their fingers have made.
• Isa 40:19-20 : 19 As for an idol, a craftsman casts it, and a goldsmith overlays it with gold and fashions silver chains for it. 20 A person who is too poor to afford such an idol selects wood that will not rot; they look for a skilled craftsman to set up an idol that will not topple.
• Isa 41:7 : 7 The craftsman encourages the goldsmith, and the one who polishes with the hammer encourages the one striking the anvil, saying of the soldering, 'It is good.' They fasten it with nails so it will not move.
• Isa 42:17-18 : 17 They will be turned back; they will be utterly ashamed—those who trust in carved idols and say to molten images, 'You are our gods.' 18 Hear, you deaf! Look, you blind, that you may see!
• Isa 44:9-9 : 9 All who make idols are nothing, and the things they treasure are worthless. Their witnesses see nothing and know nothing, so they will be put to shame. 10 Who fashions a god or casts an idol that can profit nothing? 11 Behold, all his companions will be put to shame, and the craftsmen are mere men. Let them all assemble and take their stand; they will be terrified and put to shame together. 12 The blacksmith works with iron, shaping it in the coals. He hammers it with his tools and works it with the strength of his arms. Yet he grows hungry and loses his strength; he drinks no water and becomes faint. 13 The carpenter measures out wood; he marks it with a stylus. He shapes it with chisels and marks it with a compass. He crafts it in the form of a man, a human figure, to dwell in a house. 14 He cuts down cedars or chooses a cypress or an oak. He lets it grow strong among the trees of the forest. He plants a pine, and the rain makes it grow. 15 It becomes fuel for a man; he takes part of it to warm himself, he kindles a fire and bakes bread. But he also makes a god and worships it; he makes an idol and bows down to it. 16 Half of the wood he burns in the fire; he roasts meat over it, eats, and is satisfied. He warms himself and says, 'Ah, I am warm; I see the fire.' 17 From the rest he makes a god, his idol, and bows down to it. He worships it and prays to it, saying, 'Save me, for you are my god.' 18 They have no knowledge or understanding; their eyes are plastered over so they cannot see, and their hearts so they cannot understand. 19 No one considers in his heart, no one has the knowledge or insight to say, 'Half of it I burned in the fire; I also baked bread on its coals, roasted meat, and ate. Now, should I make an abomination of the rest? Should I bow down to a block of wood?' 20 He feeds on ashes. A deceived heart has led him astray, and he cannot save himself or say, 'Isn't there a lie in my right hand?'
• Isa 46:5-7 : 5 To whom will you compare Me or make Me equal? Who will you liken Me to, that we may be alike? 6 They pour out gold from their purses and weigh silver on a scale. They hire a craftsman to make it into a god, and they bow down and even worship it. 7 They lift it on their shoulders and carry it; they set it in its place, and there it stays. It does not move from its spot. If someone cries to it, it cannot answer or save them from their troubles.
• Jer 1:16 : 16 I will pronounce My judgments against them for all their evil in forsaking Me, burning incense to other gods, and worshiping the works of their own hands.
• Jer 5:3 : 3 Lord, are Your eyes not on truth? You struck them, but they felt no pain; You consumed them, but they refused to accept discipline. They hardened their faces more than a rock and refused to repent.
• Jer 8:4-6 : 4 You shall say to them, ‘This is what the LORD says: Do people fall and not get up? If they turn away, do they not return?’ 5 Why then has this people, Jerusalem, turned away in perpetual backsliding? They hold tightly to deceit; they refuse to return. 6 I have listened and heard, but they do not speak what is right. No one repents of their wickedness, saying, ‘What have I done?’ Everyone turns to their own course, like a horse charging into battle.
• Jer 10:3-5 : 3 For the customs of the nations are worthless. They cut down a tree from the forest; it is shaped by the hands of a craftsman with a chisel. 4 They adorn it with silver and gold; they fasten it with nails and hammers so it will not totter. 5 They are like scarecrows in a cucumber field; they cannot speak. They must be carried because they cannot walk. Do not fear them, for they can do no harm—nor can they do any good.
• Jer 10:8-9 : 8 They are all senseless and foolish; their instruction comes from worthless idols. 9 Hammered silver is brought from Tarshish and gold from Uphaz—the work of the craftsman and of the goldsmith. Their clothing is blue and purple, all made by skilled workers.
• Jer 10:14-15 : 14 Everyone is senseless and without knowledge; every goldsmith is shamed by their idols. The images he makes are a fraud; they have no breath in them. 15 They are worthless, a work of mockery; at the time of their punishment, they will perish.
• Jer 15:19-20 : 19 Therefore this is what the LORD says: 'If you return, then I will restore you; you will stand before Me. If you extract the precious from the worthless, you will be My spokesman. They must turn to you, but you must not turn to them.' 20 I will make you a fortified bronze wall to these people. They will fight against you but will not prevail over you, for I am with you to save you and deliver you,' declares the LORD.
• Jer 25:6 : 6 Do not follow other gods to serve them or worship them. Do not provoke me to anger with the works of your hands; then I will not bring disaster upon you.'
• Jer 44:8 : 8 You provoke me to anger with the works of your hands by burning incense to other gods in the land of Egypt, where you have come to live, so as to destroy yourselves and make yourselves a curse and a disgrace among all the nations of the earth.
• Jer 51:17 : 17 Every human is senseless, lacking knowledge; every goldsmith is put to shame by his idols, for his images are false, and there is no breath in them.