28{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.28",
"source": "וַיַּ֧עַל מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וִֽיהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֖ה אֶל־רָמֹ֥ת גִּלְעָֽד",
"text": "*wə-yaʿal melek-Yiśrāʾēl wî-Yəhôšāpāṭ melek-Yəhûdāh* unto-*Rāmōt Gilʿād*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿal*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and went up",
"*melek-Yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine singular noun construct + proper noun - king of Israel",
"*wî-Yəhôšāpāṭ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Jehoshaphat",
"*melek-Yəhûdāh*": "masculine singular noun construct + proper noun - king of Judah",
"*Rāmōt Gilʿād*": "proper noun - Ramoth Gilead"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿal*": "went up/ascended/came up"
}
}
29{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.29",
"source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט הִתְחַפֵּשׂ֙ וָב֣וֹא בַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְאַתָּ֖ה לְבַ֣שׁ בְּגָדֶ֑יךָ וַיִּתְחַפֵּשׂ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה",
"text": "*wə-yōʾmer melek Yiśrāʾēl* unto-*Yəhôšāpāṭ hitḥappēś wā-bôʾ ba-milḥāmāh wə-ʾattāh ləbaš bəgādeykā wə-yitḥappēś melek Yiśrāʾēl wə-yābōʾû ba-milḥāmāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*melek Yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine singular noun construct + proper noun - king of Israel",
"*Yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*hitḥappēś*": "hithpael infinitive absolute - disguise yourself",
"*wā-bôʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperative masculine singular - and enter",
"*ba-milḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the battle",
"*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular independent pronoun - and you",
"*ləbaš*": "qal imperative masculine singular - wear",
"*bəgādeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your garments",
"*wə-yitḥappēś*": "conjunction + hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he disguised himself",
"*wə-yābōʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they entered"
},
"variants": {
"*hitḥappēś*": "disguise yourself/change your appearance",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*ləbaš*": "wear/put on/clothe yourself",
"*bəgādeykā*": "your garments/your clothes/your robes"
}
}
30{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.30",
"source": "וּמֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֡ם צִוָּה֩ אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֤כֶב אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֚א תִּלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ אֶת־הַקָּטֹ֖ן אֶת־הַגָּד֑וֹל כִּ֛י אִֽם־אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְבַדּֽוֹ",
"text": "*û-melek ʾĂrām ṣiwwāh ʾet-śārê hā-rekeb ʾăšer-lô lēʾmōr lōʾ tillāḥămû ʾet-ha-qāṭōn ʾet-ha-gādôl kî ʾim-ʾet-melek Yiśrāʾēl ləbaddô*",
"grammar": {
"*û-melek*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun construct - and king of",
"*ʾĂrām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria",
"*ṣiwwāh*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*śārê*": "masculine plural noun construct - commanders of",
"*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + masculine singular collective noun - the chariots",
"*ʾăšer-lô*": "relative particle + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - which to him",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*lōʾ tillāḥămû*": "negative particle + niphal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall not fight",
"*ʾet-ha-qāṭōn*": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective masculine singular - with the small",
"*ʾet-ha-gādôl*": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective masculine singular - with the great",
"*kî ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - but rather",
"*ʾet-melek Yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun construct + proper noun - with the king of Israel",
"*ləbaddô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - by himself"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed",
"*śārê*": "commanders/captains/chiefs/officials",
"*rekeb*": "chariots/chariot force/chariotry",
"*tillāḥămû*": "you shall fight/do battle/wage war",
"*qāṭōn*": "small/insignificant/young",
"*gādôl*": "great/important/elder"
}
}
31{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.31",
"source": "וַיְהִ֡י כִּרְאוֹת֩ שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֜כֶב אֶת־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט וְהֵ֤מָּה אָֽמְרוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל ה֔וּא וַיָּסֹ֥בּוּ עָלָ֖יו לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם וַיִּזְעַ֤ק יְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ וַֽיהוָ֣ה עֲזָר֔וֹ וַיְסִיתֵ֥ם אֱלֹהִ֖ים מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "*wə-yəhî* *ki-rəʾôt* *śārê* *hā-rekeb* *ʾet*-*yəhôšāpāṭ* *wə-hēmmâ* *ʾāmərû* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *hûʾ* *wa-yāsōbbû* *ʿālāyw* *lə-hillāḥēm* *wa-yizʿaq* *yəhôšāpāṭ* *wa-yhwh* *ʿăzārô* *wa-yəsîtēm* *ʾĕlōhîm* *mimmennû*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - and it came to pass",
"*ki-rəʾôt*": "infinitive construct with preposition - when seeing",
"*śārê*": "construct plural of *śar* - commanders/captains of",
"*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*wə-hēmmâ*": "conjunction + 3rd plural pronoun - and they",
"*ʾāmərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they said",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd singular pronoun - he",
"*wa-yāsōbbû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they surrounded",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd singular suffix - against him",
"*lə-hillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight",
"*wa-yizʿaq*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular - and he cried out",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*wa-yhwh*": "conjunction + divine name - and YHWH",
"*ʿăzārô*": "perfect, 3rd singular + 3rd singular suffix - helped him",
"*wa-yəsîtēm*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular + 3rd plural suffix - and he diverted/moved them",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (divine title) - God",
"*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd singular suffix - from him"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass",
"*śārê*": "captains/commanders/chiefs",
"*hā-rekeb*": "the chariot(s)/chariotry",
"*wa-yāsōbbû*": "and they surrounded/encircled/turned",
"*wa-yizʿaq*": "and he cried out/called/shouted",
"*ʿăzārô*": "helped him/aided him/assisted him",
"*wa-yəsîtēm*": "and he diverted them/turned them away/moved them",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods (plural form used as singular divine title)"
}
}
32{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.32",
"source": "וַיְהִ֗י כִּרְאוֹת֙ שָׂרֵ֣י הָרֶ֔כֶב כִּ֥י לֹא־הָיָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ מֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃",
"text": "*wə-yəhî* *ki-rəʾôt* *śārê* *hā-rekeb* *kî* *lōʾ*-*hāyâ* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *wa-yāšubû* *mē-ʾaḥărāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - and it came to pass",
"*ki-rəʾôt*": "infinitive construct with preposition - when seeing",
"*śārê*": "construct plural of *śar* - commanders/captains of",
"*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*hāyâ*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he was",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wa-yāšubû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they turned back/returned",
"*mē-ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3rd singular suffix - from after him"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass",
"*śārê*": "captains/commanders/chiefs",
"*hā-rekeb*": "the chariot(s)/chariotry",
"*kî*": "that/because/when",
"*wa-yāšubû*": "and they turned back/returned/withdrew",
"*mē-ʾaḥărāyw*": "from pursuing him/from following him/from after him"
}
}
33{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.33",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ מָשַׁ֤ךְ בַּקֶּ֙שֶׁת֙ לְתֻמּ֔וֹ וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בֵּ֥ין הַדְּבָקִ֖ים וּבֵ֣ין הַשִּׁרְיָ֑ן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָֽרַכָּ֗ב הֲפֹ֧ךְ יָדְךָ֛ וְהוֹצֵאתַ֥נִי מִן־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה כִּ֥י הָחֳלֵֽיתִי׃",
"text": "*wə-ʾîš* *māšak* *ba-qqešet* *lə-tummô* *wa-yak* *ʾet*-*melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *bên* *ha-ddəbāqîm* *û-bên* *ha-šširyān* *wa-yōʾmer* *lā-rakkāb* *hăpōk* *yādəkā* *wə-hôṣêʾtanî* *min*-*ha-mmaḥăneh* *kî* *hāḥolêtî*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*māšak*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine - drew",
"*ba-qqešet*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the bow",
"*lə-tummô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd singular suffix - in his simplicity/innocence",
"*wa-yak*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he struck",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*bên*": "preposition - between",
"*ha-ddəbāqîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the joints",
"*û-bên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between",
"*ha-šširyān*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the breastplate/armor",
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he said",
"*lā-rakkāb*": "preposition + definite article + participle, masculine singular - to the charioteer/driver",
"*hăpōk*": "imperative, 2nd singular masculine - turn",
"*yādəkā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd singular suffix - your hand",
"*wə-hôṣêʾtanî*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd singular masculine + 1st singular suffix - and take me out",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*ha-mmaḥăneh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the camp/army",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*hāḥolêtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I am wounded/sick"
},
"variants": {
"*māšak*": "drew/pulled/bent",
"*ba-qqešet*": "with the bow/in the bow",
"*lə-tummô*": "in his simplicity/innocence/at random",
"*wa-yak*": "and he struck/hit/shot",
"*ha-ddəbāqîm*": "the joints/connections/attachments",
"*ha-šširyān*": "the breastplate/coat of mail/armor",
"*lā-rakkāb*": "to the charioteer/chariot driver",
"*hăpōk*": "turn/turn around",
"*hāḥolêtî*": "I am wounded/I am sick/I am injured"
}
}
34{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.34",
"source": "וַתַּ֤עַל הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וּמֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הָיָ֨ה מַעֲמִ֧יד בַּמֶּרְכָּבָ֛ה נֹ֥כַח אֲרָ֖ם עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב וַיָּ֕מָת לְעֵ֖ת בּ֥וֹא הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃",
"text": "*wa-ttaʿal* *ha-mmilḥāmâ* *ba-yyôm* *ha-hûʾ* *û-melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *hāyâ* *maʿămîd* *ba-mmerkābâ* *nōkaḥ* *ʾărām* *ʿad*-*hā-ʿāreb* *wa-yyāmāt* *lə-ʿēt* *bôʾ* *ha-ššāmeš*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-ttaʿal*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it went up/intensified",
"*ha-mmilḥāmâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the battle",
"*ba-yyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day",
"*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*û-melek*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and king of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*hāyâ*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine - was",
"*maʿămîd*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - causing to stand/propping up",
"*ba-mmerkābâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the chariot",
"*nōkaḥ*": "preposition - facing/opposite",
"*ʾărām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria",
"*ʿad*": "preposition - until",
"*hā-ʿāreb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the evening",
"*wa-yyāmāt*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he died",
"*lə-ʿēt*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - at the time of",
"*bôʾ*": "infinitive construct - coming/setting of",
"*ha-ššāmeš*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sun"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-ttaʿal*": "and it went up/increased/intensified",
"*ha-mmilḥāmâ*": "the battle/war/conflict",
"*maʿămîd*": "propping up/causing to stand/being stationed",
"*nōkaḥ*": "facing/opposite/against",
"*wa-yyāmāt*": "and he died/expired",
"*lə-ʿēt*": "at the time of/when",
"*bôʾ*": "coming/setting/going in"
}
}