Isaiah 24:1

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.24.1", "source": "הִנֵּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה בּוֹקֵ֥ק הָאָ֖רֶץ וּבֽוֹלְקָ֑הּ וְעִוָּ֣ה פָנֶ֔יהָ וְהֵפִ֖יץ יֹשְׁבֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*Hinnēh* *YHWH* *bōqēq* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-*bōləqāh* and-*ʿiwwāh* *pānehā* and-*hēpîṣ* *yōšəbehā*", "grammar": { "*Hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, subject of following verbs", "*bōqēq*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - emptying/laying waste", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*bōləqāh*": "Qal participle with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - emptying/making void it (feminine)", "*ʿiwwāh*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - distorts/twists", "*pānehā*": "common noun, plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its face/surface", "*hēpîṣ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - scatters/disperses", "*yōšəbehā*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its inhabitants" }, "variants": { "*bōqēq*": "empties/lays waste/makes void", "*bōləqāh*": "empties it/makes it void/devastates it", "*ʿiwwāh*": "distorts/twists/perverts/ruins", "*pānehā*": "its face/its surface/its appearance", "*hēpîṣ*": "scatters/disperses/spreads abroad" } }

Additional Resources

Other Translations

  • Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

    Behold, the Lord lays the earth waste, devastates it, distorts its surface, and scatters its inhabitants.

  • King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

    Behold, the LORD maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof.

  • KJV1611 – Modern English

    Behold, the LORD makes the earth empty and makes it waste, turns it upside down, and scatters abroad its inhabitants.

  • King James Version 1611 (Original)

    Behold, the LORD maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof.

  • American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

    Behold, Jehovah{H3068} maketh the earth{H776} empty,{H1238} and maketh it waste,{H1110} and turneth{H5753} it upside down,{H6440} and scattereth abroad{H6327} the inhabitants{H3427} thereof.

  • King James Version with Strong's Numbers

    Behold, the LORD{H3068} maketh the earth{H776} empty{H1238}{(H8802)}, and maketh it waste{H1110}{(H8802)}, and turneth{H5753}{(H8765)} it upside down{H6440}, and scattereth abroad{H6327}{(H8689)} the inhabitants{H3427}{(H8802)} thereof.

  • Coverdale Bible (1535)

    Beholde, ye LORDE shal waist and plage the worlde, he shal make the face of the earth desolate, & scatre abrode ye inhabitours therof.

  • Geneva Bible (1560)

    Beholde, the Lorde maketh the earth emptie, and hee maketh it waste: hee turneth it vpside downe, and scattereth abrode the inhabitants thereof.

  • Bishops' Bible (1568)

    Beholde, the Lord maketh the earth waste and emptie, he turneth it vpside downe, and scattereth abrode the inhabitours therof.

  • Authorized King James Version (1611)

    ¶ Behold, the LORD maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof.

  • Webster's Bible (1833)

    Behold, Yahweh makes the earth empty, and makes it waste, and turns it upside down, and scatters abroad the inhabitants of it.

  • Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

    Lo, Jehovah is emptying the land, And is making it waste, And hath overturned `it on' its face, And hath scattered its inhabitants.

  • American Standard Version (1901)

    Behold, Jehovah maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof.

  • American Standard Version (1901)

    Behold, Jehovah maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof.

  • Bible in Basic English (1941)

    See, the Lord is making the earth waste and unpeopled, he is turning it upside down, and sending the people in all directions.

  • World English Bible (2000)

    Behold, Yahweh makes the earth empty, makes it waste, turns it upside down, and scatters its inhabitants.

  • NET Bible® (New English Translation)

    The Lord Will Judge the Earth Look, the LORD is ready to devastate the earth and leave it in ruins; he will mar its surface and scatter its inhabitants.

Referenced Verses

  • Isa 42:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.42.15", "source": "אַחֲרִ֤יב הָרִים֙ וּגְבָע֔וֹת וְכָל־עֶשְׂבָּ֖ם אוֹבִ֑ישׁ וְשַׂמְתִּ֤י נְהָרוֹת֙ לֽ͏ָאִיִּ֔ים וַאֲגַמִּ֖ים אוֹבִֽישׁ׃", "text": "*ʾaḥărîḇ* *hārîm* *ûḡəḇāʿôṯ* *wəḵāl*-*ʿeśbām* *ʾôḇîš* *wəśamtî* *nəhārôṯ* *lāʾîyîm* *waʾăḡammîm* *ʾôḇîš*", "grammar": { "*ʾaḥărîḇ*": "1st person singular hiphil imperfect verb - I will lay waste", "*hārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mountains", "*ûḡəḇāʿôṯ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural - and hills", "*wəḵāl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and all", "*ʿeśbām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their vegetation", "*ʾôḇîš*": "1st person singular hiphil imperfect verb - I will dry up", "*wəśamtî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular qal perfect verb with waw consecutive - and I will make", "*nəhārôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - rivers", "*lāʾîyîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - into islands/dry land", "*waʾăḡammîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and pools", "*ʾôḇîš*": "1st person singular hiphil imperfect verb - I will dry up" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḥărîḇ*": "I will lay waste/I will destroy/I will make desolate", "*hārîm*": "mountains/hills", "*ḡəḇāʿôṯ*": "hills/heights", "*ʿeśbām*": "their vegetation/their plants/their grass", "*ʾôḇîš*": "I will dry up/I will make dry/I will parch", "*wəśamtî*": "and I will make/and I will set/and I will place", "*nəhārôṯ*": "rivers/streams", "*ʾîyîm*": "islands/dry land/coastlands", "*ʾăḡammîm*": "pools/ponds/marshes" } }
  • Nah 2:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Nahum.2.10", "source": "בֹּ֥זּוּ כֶ֖סֶף בֹּ֣זּוּ זָהָ֑ב וְאֵ֥ין קֵ֙צֶה֙ לַתְּכוּנָ֔ה כָּבֹ֕ד מִכֹּ֖ל כְּלִ֥י חֶמְדָּֽה׃", "text": "*Bōzzû* *kesep* *bōzzû* *zāhāb*, and there is no *qēṣeh* to the *təkûnāh*, *kābōd* from all *kəlî* *ḥemdāh*.", "grammar": { "*Bōzzû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - plunder/take as spoil", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*bōzzû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - plunder/take as spoil", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*qēṣeh*": "noun, masculine singular - end/limit", "*təkûnāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - store/supply/arrangement", "*kābōd*": "noun, masculine singular - abundance/glory/weight", "*kəlî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - vessels/instruments of", "*ḥemdāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desire/desirable things" }, "variants": { "*Bōzzû*": "plunder/take as spoil/seize", "*qēṣeh*": "end/limit/boundary", "*təkûnāh*": "store/supply/arrangement/treasure", "*kābōd*": "abundance/glory/wealth/weight", "*kəlî*": "vessels/instruments/objects", "*ḥemdāh*": "desire/desirable/precious things/delight" } }
  • Luke 21:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Luke.21.24", "source": "Καὶ πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαίρας, καὶ αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη: καὶ Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ Ἐθνῶν, ἄχρι πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ Ἐθνῶν.", "text": "*Kai* they will *pesountai* by *stomati* of *machairas*, *kai* will be *aichmalōtisthēsontai* to all the *ethnē*: *kai* *Ierousalēm* *estai* *patoumenē* by *Ethnōn*, until are *plērōthōsin* *kairoi* of *Ethnōn*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pesountai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they will fall", "*stomati*": "dative neuter singular - edge/mouth", "*machairas*": "genitive feminine singular - sword", "*aichmalōtisthēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they will be taken captive", "*ethnē*": "accusative neuter plural - nations", "*Ierousalēm*": "nominative feminine singular - Jerusalem", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will be", "*patoumenē*": "present passive participle, nominative feminine singular - being trampled", "*Ethnōn*": "genitive neuter plural - Gentiles/nations", "*plērōthōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - may be fulfilled", "*kairoi*": "nominative masculine plural - times/seasons" }, "variants": { "*Kai*": "and/also", "*pesountai*": "will fall/will be killed", "*stomati*": "edge/mouth/blade", "*machairas*": "sword/knife", "*aichmalōtisthēsontai*": "will be taken captive/will be led away as prisoners", "*ethnē*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*estai*": "will be/shall be", "*patoumenē*": "being trampled/being trodden down", "*Ethnōn*": "Gentiles/nations/peoples", "*plērōthōsin*": "may be fulfilled/may be completed", "*kairoi*": "times/seasons/appointed periods" } }
  • Jer 4:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.7", "source": "עָלָ֤ה אַרְיֵה֙ מִֽסֻבְּכ֔וֹ וּמַשְׁחִ֣ית גּוֹיִ֔ם נָסַ֖ע יָצָ֣א מִמְּקֹמ֑וֹ לָשׂ֤וּם אַרְצֵךְ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה עָרַ֥יִךְ תִּצֶּ֖ינָה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "*ʿālāh* *ʾaryēh* from *subbəḵô*, and *mašḥît* *gôyim* *nāsaʿ* *yāṣāʾ* from *məqōmô* to *lāśûm* your *ʾarṣēḵ* to *šammāh*, your *ʿārayiḵ* *tiṣṣeynāh* from *ʾēyn* *yôšēb*", "grammar": { "*ʿālāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has gone up/come up", "*ʾaryēh*": "masculine singular noun - lion", "*subbəḵô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his thicket", "*mašḥît*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - destroyer/one who destroys", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/gentiles", "*nāsaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has journeyed/set out", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has gone out/departed", "*məqōmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place", "*lāśûm*": "qal infinitive construct - to make/put", "*ʾarṣēḵ*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your land", "*šammāh*": "feminine singular noun - desolation/waste", "*ʿārayiḵ*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your cities", "*tiṣṣeynāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be ruined", "*ʾēyn*": "construct particle of negation - without", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller" }, "variants": { "*ʿālāh*": "gone up/come up/ascended", "*ʾaryēh*": "lion", "*subbəḵô*": "his thicket/lair/den", "*mašḥît*": "destroyer/one who destroys/ravager", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*nāsaʿ*": "journeyed/set out/departed", "*yāṣāʾ*": "gone out/departed/left", "*məqōmô*": "his place/location/position", "*lāśûm*": "to make/put/set", "*ʾarṣēḵ*": "your land/territory/country", "*šammāh*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*ʿārayiḵ*": "your cities/towns", "*tiṣṣeynāh*": "will be ruined/laid waste/destroyed", "*yôšēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident" } }
  • Jer 9:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.16", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הִתְבּֽוֹנְנ֛וּ וְקִרְא֥וּ לַמְקוֹנְנ֖וֹת וּתְבוֹאֶ֑ינָה וְאֶל־הַחֲכָמ֥וֹת שִׁלְח֖וּ וְתָבֽוֹאנָה׃", "text": "Thus *'āmar* *YHWH* *ṣĕbā'ôt* *hitbônĕnû* *wĕqir'û* to-the-*mĕqônĕnôt* *ûtĕbô'eynāh* and-to-the-*ḥăkāmôt* *šilḥû* *wĕtābô'nāh*", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - has said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - of hosts", "*hitbônĕnû*": "imperative verb, 2nd person masculine plural, hitpael - consider", "*wĕqir'û*": "conjunction + imperative verb, 2nd person masculine plural - and call", "*mĕqônĕnôt*": "feminine plural participle with prefixed preposition and definite article - to the mourning women", "*ûtĕbô'eynāh*": "conjunction + imperfect verb, 3rd person feminine plural - and let them come", "*ḥăkāmôt*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article and prefixed preposition - and to the wise women", "*šilḥû*": "imperative verb, 2nd person masculine plural - send", "*wĕtābô'nāh*": "conjunction + imperfect verb, 3rd person feminine plural - and let them come" }, "variants": { "*'āmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "of hosts/armies/multitudes", "*hitbônĕnû*": "consider/understand/pay attention", "*wĕqir'û*": "and call/summon/invite", "*mĕqônĕnôt*": "mourning women/professional mourners/wailing women", "*ûtĕbô'eynāh*": "and let them come/arrive/appear", "*ḥăkāmôt*": "wise women/skilled women", "*šilḥû*": "send/dispatch/let go", "*wĕtābô'nāh*": "and let them come/arrive/appear" } }
  • Ezek 5:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.5.2", "source": "שְׁלִשִׁ֗ית בָּא֤וּר תַּבְעִיר֙ בְּת֣וֹךְ הָעִ֔יר כִּמְלֹ֖את יְמֵ֣י הַמָּצ֑וֹר וְלֽ͏ָקַחְתָּ֣ אֶת־הַשְּׁלִשִׁ֗ית תַּכֶּ֤ה בַחֶ֙רֶב֙ סְבִ֣יבוֹתֶ֔יהָ וְהַשְּׁלִשִׁית֙ תִּזְרֶ֣ה לָר֔וּחַ וְחֶ֖רֶב אָרִ֥יק אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*šəlišît* *bāʾûr* *tabʿîr* *bətôk* *hā-ʿîr* *kimlōʾt* *yəmê* *ha-māṣôr* wə-*lāqaḥtā* *ʾet-ha-šəlišît* *takkeh* *ba-ḥereb* *səbîbôtehā* wə-*ha-šəlišît* *tizreh* *lā-rûaḥ* wə-*ḥereb* *ʾārîq* *ʾaḥărêhem*", "grammar": { "*šəlišît*": "ordinal number, feminine singular - third part", "*bāʾûr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in the fire", "*tabʿîr*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall burn", "*bətôk*": "preposition + construct noun - in the midst of", "*hā-ʿîr*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the city", "*kimlōʾt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - when fulfilled/completed", "*yəmê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - days of", "*ha-māṣôr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the siege", "wə-*lāqaḥtā*": "conjunction + perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall take", "*ʾet-ha-šəlišît*": "direct object marker + definite article + ordinal number - the third part", "*takkeh*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall strike", "*ba-ḥereb*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - with the sword", "*səbîbôtehā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - around it", "wə-*ha-šəlišît*": "conjunction + definite article + ordinal number - and the third part", "*tizreh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall scatter", "*lā-rûaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the wind", "wə-*ḥereb*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and a sword", "*ʾārîq*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will draw out", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - after them" }, "variants": { "*bāʾûr*": "in fire/in flame", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/blockade", "*tizreh*": "scatter/winnow/disperse", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/breath/spirit", "*ʾārîq*": "draw out/empty/unsheathe" } }
  • Ezek 5:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.5.14", "source": "וְאֶתְּנֵךְ֙ לְחָרְבָּ֣ה וּלְחֶרְפָּ֔ה בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר סְבִיבוֹתָ֑יִךְ לְעֵינֵ֖י כָּל־עוֹבֵֽר׃", "text": "wə-*ʾettənēk* *lə-ḥorbāh* û-*lə-ḥerpāh* *ba-gôyim* *ʾăšer* *səbîbôtāyk* *lə-ʿênê* *kol-ʿôbēr*", "grammar": { "wə-*ʾettənēk*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - and I will make you", "*lə-ḥorbāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - into a waste", "û-*lə-ḥerpāh*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular noun - and into a reproach", "*ba-gôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the nations", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*səbîbôtāyk*": "preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - around you", "*lə-ʿênê*": "preposition + construct plural noun - in the eyes of", "*kol-ʿôbēr*": "construct noun + qal participle masculine singular - all who pass by" }, "variants": { "*ḥorbāh*": "waste/desolation/ruins", "*ḥerpāh*": "reproach/disgrace/taunt", "*ʿôbēr*": "one who passes by/passerby" } }
  • Ezek 6:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.6.6", "source": "בְּכֹל֙ מוֹשְׁב֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם הֶעָרִ֣ים תֶּחֱרַ֔בְנָה וְהַבָּמ֖וֹת תִּישָׁ֑מְנָה לְמַעַן֩ יֶחֶרְב֨וּ וְיֶאְשְׁמ֜וּ מִזְבְּחֽוֹתֵיכֶ֗ם וְנִשְׁבְּר֤וּ וְנִשְׁבְּתוּ֙ גִּלּ֣וּלֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִגְדְּעוּ֙ חַמָּ֣נֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִמְח֖וּ מַעֲשֵׂיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*bəḵōl* *môšəbôtêḵem* *heʿārîm* *teḥĕrabnāh* *wə-habbāmôt* *tîšāmənāh* *ləmaʿan* *yeḥerbû* *wə-yeʾšəmû* *mizbəḥôtêḵem* *wə-nišbərû* *wə-nišbətû* *gillûlêḵem* *wə-nigdəʿû* *ḥammānêḵem* *wə-nimḥû* *maʿăśêḵem*", "grammar": { "*bəḵōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all of", "*môšəbôtêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your dwelling places", "*heʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the cities", "*teḥĕrabnāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be laid waste", "*wə-habbāmôt*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine plural - and the high places", "*tîšāmənāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be desolate", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that", "*yeḥerbû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be laid waste", "*wə-yeʾšəmû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will be held guilty", "*mizbəḥôtêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your altars", "*wə-nišbərû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will be broken", "*wə-nišbətû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will cease", "*gillûlêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your idols", "*wə-nigdəʿû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will be cut down", "*ḥammānêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your incense altars/sun-pillars", "*wə-nimḥû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will be wiped out", "*maʿăśêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your works" }, "variants": { "*môšəbôt*": "dwelling places/settlements/habitations", "*teḥĕrabnāh*": "will be laid waste/deserted/destroyed", "*bāmôt*": "high places/ritual platforms", "*tîšāmənāh*": "will be desolate/abandoned/ruined", "*yeʾšəmû*": "will be guilty/bear guilt/be punished", "*nišbətû*": "will cease/stop/come to an end", "*nigdəʿû*": "will be cut down/hewn down/chopped off", "*nimḥû*": "will be wiped out/blotted out/erased", "*maʿăśîm*": "works/deeds/creations" } }
  • Ezek 12:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.12.20", "source": "וְהֶעָרִ֤ים הַנּֽוֹשָׁבוֹת֙ תֶּחֱרַ֔בְנָה וְהָאָ֖רֶץ שְׁמָמָ֣ה תִֽהְיֶ֑ה וִֽידַעְתֶּ֖ם כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-the-*ʿārîm* the-*nôšāḇôṯ* *teḥĕraḇnāh* and-the-*ʾāreṣ* *šəmāmâ* *ṯihyeh* and-*wîḏaʿtem* that-I *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ʿārîm*": "common noun, feminine plural with definite article - the cities", "*nôšāḇôṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine plural with definite article - the inhabited", "*teḥĕraḇnāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be laid waste", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*šəmāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*ṯihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*wîḏaʿtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will know" }, "variants": { "*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation" } }
  • Ezek 24:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.11", "source": "וְהַעֲמִידֶ֥הָ עַל־גֶּחָלֶ֖יהָ רֵקָ֑ה לְמַ֨עַן תֵּחַ֜ם וְחָ֣רָה נְחֻשְׁתָּ֗הּ וְנִתְּכָ֤ה בְתוֹכָהּ֙ טֻמְאָתָ֔הּ תִּתֻּ֖ם חֶלְאָתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And *ha'ămîḏehā* upon *geḥālehā* *rēqāh*, so that *tēḥam* and *ḥārāh* *nəḥuštāh*, and *nittəḵāh* in *ḇəṯôḵāh* *ṭum'āṯāh*, *tittum* *ḥel'āṯāh*.", "grammar": { "*ha'ămîḏehā*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - cause it to stand", "*geḥālehā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its coals", "*rēqāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - empty", "*tēḥam*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will become hot", "*ḥārāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - burned/was kindled", "*nəḥuštāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its bronze/copper", "*nittəḵāh*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - was melted/poured out", "*ḇəṯôḵāh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in its midst", "*ṭum'āṯāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its uncleanness", "*tittum*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be consumed/completed", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its rust/filth" }, "variants": { "*ha'ămîḏehā*": "cause it to stand/set it/place it", "*geḥālehā*": "its coals/burning embers", "*rēqāh*": "empty/void", "*tēḥam*": "it will become hot/heated", "*ḥārāh*": "burned/was kindled/became hot", "*nəḥuštāh*": "its bronze/copper/brass", "*nittəḵāh*": "was melted/poured out/dissolved", "*ṭum'āṯāh*": "its uncleanness/impurity/filthiness", "*tittum*": "it will be consumed/completed/finished", "*ḥel'āṯāh*": "its rust/filth/corrosion" } }
  • Ezek 35:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.35.14", "source": "כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה כִּשְׂמֹ֙חַ֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ שְׁמָמָ֖ה אֶעֱשֶׂה־לָּֽךְ׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *ʾĂdōnāy* *YHWH*: as *kiśmōaḥ* all-the *hāʾāreṣ*, *šəmāmâ* I will *ʾeʿĕśeh*-to you.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he says", "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*kiśmōaḥ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - as rejoicing", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "article + noun feminine singular - the earth/land", "*šəmāmâ*": "noun feminine singular - desolation", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will make" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "says/speaks/declares", "*kiśmōaḥ*": "as rejoicing/when rejoicing/according to the rejoicing", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/land/world", "*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "I will make/do/cause" } }
  • Deut 4:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.27", "source": "וְהֵפִ֧יץ יְהוָ֛ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַמִּ֑ים וְנִשְׁאַרְתֶּם֙ מְתֵ֣י מִסְפָּ֔ר בַּגּוֹיִ֕ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְנַהֵ֧ג יְהוָ֛ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם שָֽׁמָּה׃", "text": "*wə-hēpîṣ YHWH ʾetkem bā-ʿammîm wə-nišʾartem mətê mispār ba-ggôyim ʾăšer yənahēg YHWH ʾetkem šāmmāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hēpîṣ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and scatter", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*bā-ʿammîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the peoples", "*wə-nišʾartem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you will be left", "*mətê*": "masculine plural construct noun - men of/few", "*mispār*": "masculine singular noun - number", "*ba-ggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the nations", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*yənahēg*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will lead", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*šāmmāh*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*hēpîṣ*": "scatter/disperse/spread abroad", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations", "*nišʾartem*": "be left/remain/be spared", "*mətê mispār*": "few in number/small group/handful", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*yənahēg*": "lead/drive/guide", "*šāmmāh*": "there/to that place" } }
  • Deut 28:64 : 64 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.64", "source": "וֶהֱפִֽיצְךָ֤ יְהוָה֙ בְּכָל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים מִקְצֵ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ וְעַד־קְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ וְעָבַ֨דְתָּ שָּׁ֜ם אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־יָדַ֛עְתָּ אַתָּ֥ה וַאֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "And-*hēpîṣĕkā* *YHWH* in-all-the-*ʿammîm* from-*qĕṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-until-*qĕṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ*; and-*ʿābadtā* there *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* which not-*yādaʿtā* you and-*ʾăbōtêkā*, *ʿēṣ* and-*ʾāben*.", "grammar": { "*hēpîṣĕkā*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will scatter you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*qĕṣēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - end of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*ʿābadtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other/foreign", "*yādaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you knew", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun masculine singular - wood/tree", "*ʾāben*": "noun feminine singular - stone" }, "variants": { "*hēpîṣĕkā*": "he will scatter you/disperse you/spread you abroad", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*qĕṣēh*": "end/extremity/border", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world", "*ʿābadtā*": "you will serve/worship/be subject to", "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*yādaʿtā*": "you knew/were acquainted with/experienced", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/tree/timber", "*ʾāben*": "stone/rock" } }
  • Deut 32:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.26", "source": "אָמַ֖רְתִּי אַפְאֵיהֶ֑ם אַשְׁבִּ֥יתָה מֵאֱנ֖וֹשׁ זִכְרָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾāmartî* *ʾap̄ʾêhem* *ʾašbîṯāh* from-*ʾĕnôš* *ziḵrām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said", "*ʾap̄ʾêhem*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will scatter them", "*ʾašbîṯāh*": "verb, hifil imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - I will make cease", "*mê*": "preposition - from", "*ʾĕnôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - mankind/humanity", "*ziḵrām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their remembrance/memory" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartî*": "I said/thought/declared", "*ʾap̄ʾêhem*": "I will scatter them/blow them away/make them cease to exist", "*ʾašbîṯāh*": "I will make cease/eliminate/cause to end", "*ʾĕnôš*": "mankind/humanity/mortals", "*ziḵrām*": "their remembrance/memory/mention" } }
  • 2 Kgs 21:13 : 13 { "verseID": "2Kings.21.13", "source": "וְנָטִ֣יתִי עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם אֵ֚ת קָ֣ו שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן וְאֶת־מִשְׁקֹ֖לֶת בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב וּמָחִ֨יתִי אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־יִמְחֶ֤ה אֶת־הַצַּלַּ֙חַת֙ מָחָ֔ה וְהָפַ֖ךְ עַל־פָּנֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*we-nāṭîtî* over-*Yerûshālāim* *'ēt* *qāw* *Shōmerôn* and-*'et*-*mishqōlet* *bêyt* *'Aḥ'āb* *û-māḥîtî* *'et*-*Yerûshālāim* as-*yimḥeh* *'et*-the-*ṣallaḥat* *māḥāh* *we-hāpak* over-*pāneyhā*", "grammar": { "*we-nāṭîtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will stretch out", "*Yerûshālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*'ēt*": "direct object marker", "*qāw*": "masculine singular construct - measuring line of", "*Shōmerôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*mishqōlet*": "feminine singular construct - plummet of", "*bêyt*": "construct state - house of", "*'Aḥ'āb*": "proper noun - Ahab", "*û-māḥîtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will wipe", "*yimḥeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - one wipes", "*ṣallaḥat*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the dish", "*māḥāh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - wiping", "*we-hāpak*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he turns", "*pāneyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her face" }, "variants": { "*nāṭîtî*": "I will stretch out/I will extend/I will apply", "*qāw*": "measuring line/standard/rule", "*mishqōlet*": "plummet/plumb line/weight", "*māḥîtî*": "I will wipe/I will erase/I will blot out", "*ṣallaḥat*": "dish/bowl/platter", "*māḥāh*": "wiping/erasing/blotting out", "*hāpak*": "turns/overturns/flips" } }
  • Neh 1:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.1.8", "source": "זְכָר־נָא֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֛יתָ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֥ה עַבְדְּךָ֖ לֵאמֹ֑ר אַתֶּ֣ם תִּמְעָ֔לוּ אֲנִ֕י אָפִ֥יץ אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַמִּֽים׃", "text": "*zəkār*-*nāʾ* *ʾet*-*ha-dābār* which *ṣiwwîtā* *ʾet*-*Mōšeh* *ʿabdəkā* *lēʾmōr* you *timʿālû* I *ʾāpîṣ* you among-*hā-ʿammîm*.", "grammar": { "*zəkār*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - remember", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-dābār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the word", "*ṣiwwîtā*": "piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you commanded", "*Mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*ʿabdəkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*timʿālû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will be unfaithful", "*ʾāpîṣ*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will scatter", "*hā-ʿammîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the peoples/nations" }, "variants": { "*dābār*": "word/speech/matter/thing", "*timʿālû*": "you will act unfaithfully/you will trespass/you will transgress", "*ʾāpîṣ*": "I will scatter/I will disperse", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations" } }
  • Ps 146:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.146.9", "source": "יְהוָ֤ה ׀ שֹׁ֘מֵ֤ר אֶת־גֵּרִ֗ים יָת֣וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֣ה יְעוֹדֵ֑ד וְדֶ֖רֶךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים יְעַוֵּֽת׃", "text": "*YHWH* *shomer* *ʾet*-*gerim* *yatom* *we-ʾalmanah* *yeʿoded* *we-derekh* *reshaʿim* *yeʿawwet*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*shomer*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - watching over/protecting", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gerim*": "noun, masculine, plural - sojourners/foreigners/strangers", "*yatom*": "noun, masculine, singular - orphan/fatherless", "*we-ʾalmanah*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, singular - and widow", "*yeʿoded*": "polel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - upholds/supports", "*we-derekh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, singular construct - but [the] way of", "*reshaʿim*": "adjective, masculine, plural - wicked ones", "*yeʿawwet*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he makes crooked/thwarts" }, "variants": { "*shomer*": "watches over/protects/preserves", "*gerim*": "sojourners/foreigners/resident aliens", "*yeʿoded*": "upholds/supports/sustains/strengthens", "*yeʿawwet*": "makes crooked/thwarts/frustrates/brings to ruin" } }
  • Isa 1:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.7", "source": "אַרְצְכֶ֣ם שְׁמָמָ֔ה עָרֵיכֶ֖ם שְׂרֻפ֣וֹת אֵ֑שׁ אַדְמַתְכֶ֗ם לְנֶגְדְּכֶם֙ זָרִים֙ אֹכְלִ֣ים אֹתָ֔הּ וּשְׁמָמָ֖ה כְּמַהְפֵּכַ֥ת זָרִֽים׃", "text": "*ʾarṣᵉkem* *šᵉmāmâ* *'ārêkem* *śᵉrûpôt* *ʾēš* *ʾadmatkem* *lᵉnegdᵉkem* *zārîm* *ʾōkᵉlîm* *ʾōtāh* *ûšᵉmāmâ* *kᵉmahpēkat* *zārîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾarṣᵉkem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*šᵉmāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*'ārêkem*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities", "*śᵉrûpôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural construct - burnt [with]", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʾadmatkem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ground/soil", "*lᵉnegdᵉkem*": "preposition lᵉ- + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - before you", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners", "*ʾōkᵉlîm*": "participle, qal active, masculine plural - devour/consume", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - it", "*ûšᵉmāmâ*": "conjunction wə- + noun, feminine singular - and desolation", "*kᵉmahpēkat*": "preposition kᵉ- + noun, feminine singular construct - like [the] overthrow of", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners" }, "variants": { "*šᵉmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*śᵉrûpôt*": "burnt/consumed by fire", "*ʾadmatkem*": "your ground/soil/land/territory", "*lᵉnegdᵉkem*": "before you/in your presence/in your sight", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/aliens", "*ʾōkᵉlîm*": "devour/consume/eat", "*mahpēkat*": "overthrow/destruction/overturning" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.8", "source": "וְנוֹתְרָ֥ה בַת־צִיּ֖וֹן כְּסֻכָּ֣ה בְכָ֑רֶם כִּמְלוּנָ֥ה בְמִקְשָׁ֖ה כְּעִ֥יר נְצוּרָֽה׃", "text": "*wᵉnôtᵉrâ* *bat*-*ṣîyôn* *kᵉsukkâ* *bᵉkārem* *kimlûnâ* *bᵉmiqšâ* *kᵉ'îr* *nᵉṣûrâ*", "grammar": { "*wᵉnôtᵉrâ*": "conjunction wə- + verb, nifal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and is left", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*ṣîyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*kᵉsukkâ*": "preposition kᵉ- + noun, feminine singular - like a booth/hut", "*bᵉkārem*": "preposition bᵉ- + noun, masculine singular - in a vineyard", "*kimlûnâ*": "preposition kᵉ- + noun, feminine singular - like a lodge/shelter", "*bᵉmiqšâ*": "preposition bᵉ- + noun, feminine singular - in a cucumber field", "*kᵉ'îr*": "preposition kᵉ- + noun, feminine singular - like a city", "*nᵉṣûrâ*": "niphal passive participle, feminine singular - besieged" }, "variants": { "*wᵉnôtᵉrâ*": "is left/remains/survives", "*bat*-*ṣîyôn*": "daughter of Zion/Jerusalem", "*sukkâ*": "booth/hut/shelter/temporary structure", "*mlûnâ*": "lodge/shelter/watchman's hut", "*miqšâ*": "cucumber field/garden of cucumbers", "*nᵉṣûrâ*": "besieged/under siege/watched/guarded" } } 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.9", "source": "לוּלֵי֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הוֹתִ֥יר לָ֛נוּ שָׂרִ֖יד כִּמְעָ֑ט כִּסְדֹ֣ם הָיִ֔ינוּ לַעֲמֹרָ֖ה דָּמִֽינוּ׃ ס", "text": "*lûlê* *YHWH* *ṣᵉbāʾôt* *hôtîr* *lānû* *śārîd* *kim'āṭ* *kisᵉdōm* *hāyînû* *la'ămōrâ* *dāmînû*", "grammar": { "*lûlê*": "conjunction - unless/if not for", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*hôtîr*": "verb, hifil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - had left", "*lānû*": "preposition lᵉ- + 1st person plural suffix - for us", "*śārîd*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor/remnant", "*kim'āṭ*": "preposition kᵉ- + adverb - as few/almost", "*kisᵉdōm*": "preposition kᵉ- + proper noun - like Sodom", "*hāyînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we would have been", "*la'ămōrâ*": "preposition lᵉ- + proper noun - to Gomorrah", "*dāmînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we would have been like" }, "variants": { "*lûlê*": "unless/if not for/except", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*hôtîr*": "left/spared/preserved", "*śārîd*": "survivor/remnant/escapee", "*kim'āṭ*": "as few/almost/a little", "*hāyînû*": "we would have been/we had become", "*dāmînû*": "we would have been like/we would have resembled" } }
  • Isa 2:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.2.19", "source": "וּבָ֙אוּ֙ בִּמְעָר֣וֹת צֻרִ֔ים וּבִמְחִלּ֖וֹת עָפָ֑ר מִפְּנֵ֞י פַּ֤חַד יְהוָה֙ וּמֵהֲדַ֣ר גְּאוֹנ֔וֹ בְּקוּמ֖וֹ לַעֲרֹ֥ץ הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And-*bāʾû* into-*məʿārôt* *ṣurîm* and-into-*məḥillôt* *ʿāpār* from-*pənê* *paḥad* *YHWH* and-from-*hădar* *gəʾônô* in-*qûmô* to-*laʿărōṣ* the-*ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*û-bāʾû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will enter", "*bi-məʿārôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - into caves of", "*ṣurîm*": "noun, masculine plural - rocks", "*û-bi-məḥillôt*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - and into holes of", "*ʿāpār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/ground", "*mi-pənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from before/because of", "*paḥad*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fear/terror of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*û-mē-hădar*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and from the splendor of", "*gəʾônô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his majesty", "*bə-qûmô*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he rises", "*la-ʿărōṣ*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to terrify", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*bāʾû*": "they will enter/come into/go", "*məʿārôt*": "caves/grottos/holes", "*məḥillôt*": "holes/burrows/crevices", "*ʿāpār*": "dust/soil/ground/earth", "*pənê*": "face/presence/before", "*paḥad*": "fear/terror/dread", "*hădar*": "splendor/glory/majesty", "*gəʾônô*": "his majesty/pride/exaltation", "*qûmô*": "when he rises/stands up/arises", "*laʿărōṣ*": "to terrify/cause to tremble/frighten", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } }
  • Isa 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.6", "source": "וַאֲשִׁיתֵ֣הוּ בָתָ֗ה לֹ֤א יִזָּמֵר֙ וְלֹ֣א יֵעָדֵ֔ר וְעָלָ֥ה שָׁמִ֖יר וָשָׁ֑יִת וְעַ֤ל הֶעָבִים֙ אֲצַוֶּ֔ה מֵהַמְטִ֥יר עָלָ֖יו מָטָֽר׃", "text": "And I will *waʾăšîtēhû* *bātâ*, it shall not *yizzāmēr* and shall not *yēʿādēr*, and *wəʿālâ* *šāmîr* and *wāšāyit*; and upon the *heʿābîm* I will *ʾăṣawweh* from *mēhamṭîr* upon it *māṭār*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăšîtēhû*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with vav consecutive and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make it", "*bātâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation", "*yizzāmēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be pruned", "*yēʿādēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be hoed/tilled", "*wəʿālâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and will come up", "*šāmîr*": "masculine singular noun - thorns/briars", "*wāšāyit*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun - and thistles/weeds", "*heʿābîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the clouds", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person singular - I will command", "*mēhamṭîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - from raining", "*māṭār*": "masculine singular noun - rain" }, "variants": { "*bātâ*": "waste/desolation/ruin", "*šāmîr*": "thorns/briars/brambles", "*šāyit*": "thistles/weeds/thorny plants" } }
  • Isa 6:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.11", "source": "וָאֹמַ֕ר עַד־מָתַ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑י וַיֹּ֡אמֶר עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁר֩ אִם־שָׁא֨וּ עָרִ֜ים מֵאֵ֣ין יוֹשֵׁ֗ב וּבָתִּים֙ מֵאֵ֣ין אָדָ֔ם וְהָאֲדָמָ֖ה תִּשָּׁאֶ֥ה שְׁמָמָֽה׃", "text": "*Wāʾōmar* until-when *ʾădōnāy* *wayyōʾmer* until that if-*shāʾû* *ʿārîm* from *ʾêyn* *yôshēb* and *bāttîm* from *ʾêyn* *ʾādām* and the *ʾădāmāh* *tishshāʾeh* *shəmāmāh*.", "grammar": { "*Wāʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʿad-mātay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when/how long", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʾăsher*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*shāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are desolate/ruined", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʾêyn*": "particle of negation construct - without", "*yôshēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller", "*bāttîm*": "noun, masculine plural - houses", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/ground", "*tishshāʾeh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation" }, "variants": { "*ʿad-mātay*": "until when/how long/until what time", "*ʾădōnāy*": "Lord/Master/my Lord (divine title)", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/ruined/devastated", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*yôshēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*bayit*": "house/home/household", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "desolation/wasteland/ruin" } } 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.12", "source": "וְרִחַ֥ק יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־הָאָדָ֑ם וְרַבָּ֥ה הָעֲזוּבָ֖ה בְּקֶ֥רֶב הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*Wəriḥaq* *YHWH* *ʾet*-the *ʾādām* *wərabbāh* the *ʿăzûbāh* in *qereb* the *ʾārets*.", "grammar": { "*Wəriḥaq*": "waw conjunction + piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and has removed far away", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man/mankind", "*wərabbāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and is great/many", "*ʿăzûbāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the forsaken place/abandonment", "*qereb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ʾārets*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth" }, "variants": { "*rāḥaq*": "remove far/distance/send far away", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/people", "*rābāh*": "become great/increase/multiply", "*ʿăzûbāh*": "forsaken place/abandonment/desolation", "*qereb*": "midst/among/within/interior", "*ʾārets*": "land/earth/territory/ground" } }
  • Isa 7:17-25 : 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.17", "source": "יָבִ֨יא יְהוָ֜ה עָלֶ֗יךָ וְעַֽל־עַמְּךָ֮ וְעַל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִיךָ֒ יָמִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־בָ֔אוּ לְמִיּ֥וֹם סוּר־אֶפְרַ֖יִם מֵעַ֣ל יְהוּדָ֑ה אֵ֖ת מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר׃ פ", "text": "*yāḇîʾ* *YHWH* upon-you and-upon-people-your and-upon-house-of father-your days which not-*bāʾû* from-day-of turning-away-of-*ʾEp̄rayim* from-over *Yəhûḏāh*, *ʾēṯ* *meleḵ* *ʾAššûr*.", "grammar": { "*yāḇîʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, Hiphil - he will bring", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*bāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have come", "*ʾEp̄rayim*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ephraim (Northern Kingdom)", "*Yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Judah", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Assyria" }, "variants": { "*yāḇîʾ*": "will bring/shall cause to come", "*bāʾû*": "have come/have arrived/have happened", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*ʾAššûr*": "Assyria/Ashur" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.18", "source": "וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יִשְׁרֹ֤ק יְהוָה֙ לַזְּב֔וּב אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּקְצֵ֖ה יְאֹרֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם וְלַ֨דְּבוֹרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּאֶ֥רֶץ אַשּֽׁוּר׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* in-the-day the-that, *yišrōq* *YHWH* for-the-*zəḇûḇ* which in-end-of *yəʾōrê* *Miṣrāyim*, and-for-the-*dəḇôrāh* which in-land-of *ʾAššûr*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*yišrōq*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will whistle/hiss", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*zəḇûḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - fly", "*yəʾōrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rivers/streams of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun, masculine dual - Egypt", "*dəḇôrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - bee", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Assyria" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "and it will be/and it shall come to pass", "*yišrōq*": "will whistle/will hiss/will call", "*zəḇûḇ*": "fly/flies", "*yəʾōrê*": "rivers/streams/canals", "*Miṣrāyim*": "Egypt", "*dəḇôrāh*": "bee/bees", "*ʾAššûr*": "Assyria/Ashur" } } 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.19", "source": "וּבָ֨אוּ וְנָח֤וּ כֻלָּם֙ בְּנַחֲלֵ֣י הַבַּתּ֔וֹת וּבִנְקִיקֵ֖י הַסְּלָעִ֑ים וּבְכֹל֙ הַנַּ֣עֲצוּצִ֔ים וּבְכֹ֖ל הַנַּהֲלֹלִֽים׃", "text": "And-*bāʾû* and-*nāḥû* all-of-them in-*naḥălê* the-*battôṯ* and-in-*nəqîqê* the-*səlāʿîm* and-in-all the-*naʿăṣûṣîm* and-in-all the-*nahălōlîm*.", "grammar": { "*bāʾû*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person common plural - they will come", "*nāḥû*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person common plural - they will rest", "*naḥălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - valleys/ravines of", "*battôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - steep/desolate places", "*nəqîqê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - clefts/crevices of", "*səlāʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural - rocks", "*naʿăṣûṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thorn bushes", "*nahălōlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - watering places/pastures" }, "variants": { "*bāʾû*": "they will come/they shall arrive", "*nāḥû*": "they will rest/they will settle", "*naḥălê*": "valleys/ravines/wadis", "*battôṯ*": "steep places/desolate valleys", "*nəqîqê*": "clefts/crevices/cracks", "*səlāʿîm*": "rocks/crags", "*naʿăṣûṣîm*": "thorn bushes/thorny shrubs", "*nahălōlîm*": "watering places/pastures/meadows" } } 20 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.20", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֡וּא יְגַלַּ֣ח אֲדֹנָי֩ בְּתַ֨עַר הַשְּׂכִירָ֜ה בְּעֶבְרֵ֤י נָהָר֙ בְּמֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר אֶת־הָרֹ֖אשׁ וְשַׂ֣עַר הָרַגְלָ֑יִם וְגַ֥ם אֶת־הַזָּקָ֖ן תִּסְפֶּֽה׃ ס", "text": "In-the-day the-that *yəgallaḥ* *ʾĂḏōnāy* with-*ṯaʿar* the-*śəḵîrāh* in-across-*nāhār* with-*meleḵ* *ʾAššûr* *ʾeṯ*-the-*rōʾš* and-*śaʿar* the-*raḡlāyim*, and-also *ʾeṯ*-the-*zāqān* *tispeh*.", "grammar": { "*yəgallaḥ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, Piel - he will shave", "*ʾĂḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - my Lord", "*ṯaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - razor of", "*śəḵîrāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - hired", "*nāhār*": "noun, masculine singular - river", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Assyria", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head", "*śaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - hair of", "*raḡlāyim*": "noun, feminine dual - feet/legs", "*zāqān*": "noun, masculine singular - beard", "*tispeh*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will sweep away" }, "variants": { "*yəgallaḥ*": "will shave/will cut off", "*ʾĂḏōnāy*": "my Lord/my Master/Sovereign", "*ṯaʿar*": "razor/knife", "*śəḵîrāh*": "hired/rented", "*nāhār*": "river (referring to Euphrates)", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*ʾAššûr*": "Assyria/Ashur", "*rōʾš*": "head", "*śaʿar*": "hair", "*raḡlāyim*": "feet/legs (euphemism for genitals)", "*zāqān*": "beard", "*tispeh*": "will sweep away/will consume/will remove" } } 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.21", "source": "וְהָיָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא יְחַיֶּה־אִ֛ישׁ עֶגְלַ֥ת בָּקָ֖ר וּשְׁתֵּי־צֹֽאן׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* in-the-day the-that, *yəḥayyeh*-*ʾîš* *ʿeḡlaṯ* *bāqār* and-two-*ṣōʾn*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*yəḥayyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, Piel - he will keep alive", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʿeḡlaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - heifer of", "*bāqār*": "noun, masculine singular - cattle/herd", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common feminine singular - sheep/flock" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "and it will be/and it shall come to pass", "*yəḥayyeh*": "will keep alive/will raise/will maintain", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/person", "*ʿeḡlaṯ*": "heifer/young cow", "*bāqār*": "cattle/herd/cow", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flock/goats" } } 22 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.22", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה מֵרֹ֛ב עֲשׂ֥וֹת חָלָ֖ב יֹאכַ֣ל חֶמְאָ֑ה כִּֽי־חֶמְאָ֤ה וּדְבַשׁ֙ יֹאכֵ֔ל כָּל־הַנּוֹתָ֖ר בְּקֶ֥רֶב הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh*, from-*rōḇ* *ʿăśôṯ* *ḥālāḇ* *yōʾḵal* *ḥemʾāh*, for-*ḥemʾāh* and-*ḏəḇaš* *yōʾḵēl* all-the-*nôṯār* in-midst-of the-*ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*rōḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - abundance of", "*ʿăśôṯ*": "infinitive construct - making/producing", "*ḥālāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - milk", "*yōʾḵal*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will eat", "*ḥemʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular - curds/butter", "*ḏəḇaš*": "noun, masculine singular - honey", "*nôṯār*": "participle, masculine singular, Niphal - one being left/remaining", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "and it will be/and it shall come to pass", "*rōḇ*": "abundance/plenty/multitude", "*ʿăśôṯ*": "making/producing/yielding", "*ḥālāḇ*": "milk", "*yōʾḵal*": "he will eat/consume", "*ḥemʾāh*": "curds/butter/cream", "*ḏəḇaš*": "honey", "*nôṯār*": "one remaining/survivor/one left", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground" } } 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.23", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא יִֽהְיֶ֣ה כָל־מָק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֧ר יִֽהְיֶה־שָּׁ֛ם אֶ֥לֶף גֶּ֖פֶן בְּאֶ֣לֶף כָּ֑סֶף לַשָּׁמִ֥יר וְלַשַּׁ֖יִת יִֽהְיֶֽה׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* in-the-day the-that, *yihyeh* every-*māqôm* which *yihyeh*-there thousand *gep̄en* for-thousand *kāsep̄*, for-the-*šāmîr* and-for-the-*šayiṯ* *yihyeh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*gep̄en*": "noun, common feminine singular - vine", "*kāsep̄*": "noun, masculine singular - silver/money", "*šāmîr*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/brier", "*šayiṯ*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/brier" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "and it will be/and it shall come to pass", "*yihyeh*": "it will be/it shall become", "*māqôm*": "place/location/spot", "*gep̄en*": "vine/grapevine", "*kāsep̄*": "silver/money/shekel", "*šāmîr*": "thorn/brier/bramble", "*šayiṯ*": "thorn/brier/bramble" } } 24 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.24", "source": "בַּחִצִּ֥ים וּבַקֶּ֖שֶׁת יָ֣בוֹא שָׁ֑מָּה כִּי־שָׁמִ֥יר וָשַׁ֖יִת תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה כָל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "With-the-*ḥiṣṣîm* and-with-the-*qešeṯ* *yāḇôʾ* there, for-*šāmîr* and-*šayiṯ* *tihyeh* all-the-*ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*ḥiṣṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural - arrows", "*qešeṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - bow", "*yāḇôʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will come/enter", "*šāmîr*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/brier", "*šayiṯ*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/brier", "*tihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth" }, "variants": { "*ḥiṣṣîm*": "arrows", "*qešeṯ*": "bow", "*yāḇôʾ*": "he will come/one will enter/people will go", "*šāmîr*": "thorn/brier/bramble", "*šayiṯ*": "thorn/brier/bramble", "*tihyeh*": "it will be/it shall become", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground" } } 25 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.25", "source": "וְכֹ֣ל הֶהָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בַּמַּעְדֵּר֙ יֵעָ֣דֵר֔וּן לֹֽא־תָב֣וֹא שָׁ֔מָּה יִרְאַ֖ת שָׁמִ֣יר וָשָׁ֑יִת וְהָיָה֙ לְמִשְׁלַ֣ח שׁ֔וֹר וּלְמִרְמַ֖ס שֶֽׂה׃ פ", "text": "And-all the-*hehārîm* which with-the-*maʿdēr* *yēʿāḏērûn*, not-*ṯāḇôʾ* there *yirʾaṯ* *šāmîr* and-*šāyiṯ*; and-*hāyâ* for-*mišlaḥ* *šôr* and-for-*mirmas* *śeh*.", "grammar": { "*hehārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mountains/hills", "*maʿdēr*": "noun, masculine singular - hoe/mattock", "*yēʿāḏērûn*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, Niphal - they are hoed/cultivated", "*ṯāḇôʾ*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular or 3rd person feminine singular - you will come/it will come", "*yirʾaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - fear of", "*šāmîr*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/brier", "*šāyiṯ*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/brier", "*hāyâ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was/has been", "*mišlaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sending forth of", "*šôr*": "noun, masculine singular - ox/bull", "*mirmas*": "noun, masculine singular construct - trampling of", "*śeh*": "noun, masculine singular - sheep/lamb" }, "variants": { "*hehārîm*": "mountains/hills", "*maʿdēr*": "hoe/mattock/digging tool", "*yēʿāḏērûn*": "are hoed/are cultivated/are worked", "*ṯāḇôʾ*": "you will come/it will come/one will enter", "*yirʾaṯ*": "fear of/dread of", "*šāmîr*": "thorn/brier/bramble", "*šāyiṯ*": "thorn/brier/bramble", "*hāyâ*": "it was/has been/will be", "*mišlaḥ*": "sending forth/place for", "*šôr*": "ox/bull/cattle", "*mirmas*": "trampling place/treading down", "*śeh*": "sheep/lamb" } }
  • Isa 24:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.20", "source": "נ֣וֹעַ תָּנ֤וּעַ אֶ֙רֶץ֙ כַּשִּׁכּ֔וֹר וְהִֽתְנוֹדְדָ֖ה כַּמְּלוּנָ֑ה וְכָבַ֤ד עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ פִּשְׁעָ֔הּ וְנָפְלָ֖ה וְלֹא־תֹסִ֥יף קֽוּם׃", "text": "*nôaʿ* *tānûaʿ* *ʾereṣ* like-the-*šikkôr* and-*hitnôdədāh* like-the-*məlûnāh* and-*kābad* upon-her *pišʿāh* and-*nāpəlāh* and-not-*tōsîp* *qûm*", "grammar": { "*nôaʿ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - reeling", "*tānûaʿ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she reels", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*šikkôr*": "adjective, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the drunkard", "*hitnôdədāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with conjunction ו - and she sways", "*məlûnāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the hut/lodge", "*kābad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with conjunction ו - and is heavy", "עָלֶ֙יהָ֙": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon her", "*pišʿāh*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her transgression", "*nāpəlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with conjunction ו - and she falls", "*tōsîp*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular with negation לֹא - she will not add/continue", "*qûm*": "Qal infinitive construct - to rise" }, "variants": { "*nôaʿ tānûaʿ*": "reels to and fro/staggers exceedingly/sways violently", "*šikkôr*": "drunkard/drunk person", "*hitnôdədāh*": "sways/totters/staggers", "*məlûnāh*": "hut/lodge/watchman's booth", "*kābad*": "is heavy/weighs heavily/is burdensome", "*pišʿāh*": "her transgression/her rebellion/her sin", "*nāpəlāh*": "she falls/she collapses", "*tōsîp qûm*": "will not rise again/will not get up anymore" } }
  • Isa 27:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.27.10", "source": "כִּ֣י עִ֤יר בְּצוּרָה֙ בָּדָ֔ד נָוֶ֕ה מְשֻׁלָּ֥ח וְנֶעֱזָ֖ב כַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר שָׁ֣ם יִרְעֶ֥ה עֵ֛גֶל וְשָׁ֥ם יִרְבָּ֖ץ וְכִלָּ֥ה סְעִפֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "For *ʿîr* *bĕṣûrâ* *bādād* *nāweh* *mĕšullāḥ* and-*neʿĕzāb* like-the-*midbār* there *yirʿeh* *ʿēgel* and-there *yirbāṣ* and-*killâ* *sĕʿifeyhā*", "grammar": { "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun - city", "*bĕṣûrâ*": "feminine singular adjective - fortified/strong", "*bādād*": "masculine singular noun - isolated/alone/solitary", "*nāweh*": "masculine singular noun - habitation/dwelling", "*mĕšullāḥ*": "Pual participle, masculine singular - sent away/forsaken/abandoned", "*neʿĕzāb*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - forsaken/abandoned", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun - wilderness/desert", "*yirʿeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will graze/feed", "*ʿēgel*": "masculine singular noun - calf", "*yirbāṣ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will lie down/rest", "*killâ*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will consume/destroy", "*sĕʿifeyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its branches" }, "variants": { "*bĕṣûrâ*": "fortified/strong/protected", "*bādād*": "isolated/alone/solitary/desolate", "*nāweh*": "habitation/dwelling/pasture", "*mĕšullāḥ*": "sent away/forsaken/abandoned", "*neʿĕzāb*": "forsaken/abandoned/deserted", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland", "*yirʿeh*": "will graze/will feed/will pasture", "*yirbāṣ*": "will lie down/will rest/will recline", "*killâ*": "will consume/will destroy/will finish off", "*sĕʿifeyhā*": "its branches/its twigs/its boughs" } }
  • Isa 29:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.16", "source": "הַ֨פְכְּכֶ֔ם אִם־כְּחֹ֥מֶר הַיֹּצֵ֖ר יֵֽחָשֵׁ֑ב כִּֽי־יֹאמַ֨ר מַעֲשֶׂ֤ה לְעֹשֵׂ֙הוּ֙ לֹ֣א עָשָׂ֔נִי וְיֵ֛צֶר אָמַ֥ר לְיוֹצְר֖וֹ לֹ֥א הֵבִֽין", "text": "*Hap̱kĕḵem*! If-like-*ḥōmer* *ha-yōṣēr* *yēḥāšēḇ* that-*yōʾmar* *maʿăśeh* to-*ʿōśēhû* not *ʿāśānî* and-*yēṣer* *ʾāmar* to-*yôṣĕrô* not *hēḇîn*", "grammar": { "*Hap̱kĕḵem*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your perversity", "*ʾim-kĕ-ḥōmer*": "conjunction ʾim + preposition kaph + noun, masculine singular - if like clay", "*ha-yōṣēr*": "definite article + verb, qal participle, masculine singular - the potter", "*yēḥāšēḇ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he is considered/regarded", "*kî-yōʾmar*": "conjunction kî + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - that says", "*maʿăśeh*": "noun, masculine singular - made thing/work", "*lĕ-ʿōśēhû*": "preposition lamed + verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to its maker", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿāśānî*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he made me", "*wĕ-yēṣer*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine singular - and formed thing", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - says/has said", "*lĕ-yôṣĕrô*": "preposition lamed + verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to its former", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hēḇîn*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he understands" }, "variants": { "*Hap̱kĕḵem*": "your perversity/perversion/turning things upside down", "*ḥōmer*": "clay/mud/material", "*yōṣēr*": "potter/former/creator", "*yēḥāšēḇ*": "is considered/regarded/thought of", "*maʿăśeh*": "made thing/work/product", "*ʿōśēhû*": "its maker/creator/fashioner", "*ʿāśānî*": "he made me/created me/fashioned me", "*yēṣer*": "formed thing/creation/vessel", "*yôṣĕrô*": "its former/creator/fashioner", "*hēḇîn*": "he understands/comprehends/has knowledge" } }
  • Isa 32:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.32.13", "source": "עַ֚ל אַדְמַ֣ת עַמִּ֔י ק֥וֹץ שָׁמִ֖יר תַּֽעֲלֶ֑ה כִּ֚י עַל־כָּל־בָּתֵּ֣י מָשׂ֔וֹשׂ קִרְיָ֖ה עַלִּיזָֽה׃", "text": "Upon *ʾadmat* *ʿammî* *qôṣ* *šāmîr* *ʿālâ* for upon-all-*bāttê* *māśôś* *qiryâ* *ʿallîzâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾadmat*": "feminine singular noun construct - ground, land", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*qôṣ*": "masculine singular noun - thorn, thornbush", "*šāmîr*": "masculine singular noun - thorn, brier", "*ʿālâ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will come up, sprout", "*bāttê*": "masculine plural noun construct - houses of", "*māśôś*": "masculine singular noun - joy, rejoicing", "*qiryâ*": "feminine singular noun - city, town", "*ʿallîzâ*": "adjective feminine singular - jubilant, exultant" }, "variants": { "*ʾadmat*": "ground of/land of/soil of", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*qôṣ*": "thorn/thornbush", "*šāmîr*": "thorn/brier/bramble", "*ʿālâ*": "will come up/sprout/grow", "*bāttê*": "houses of/dwellings of", "*māśôś*": "joy/rejoicing/gladness", "*qiryâ*": "city/town", "*ʿallîzâ*": "jubilant/exultant/joyous" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.32.14", "source": "כִּֽי־אַרְמ֣וֹן נֻטָּ֔שׁ הֲמ֥וֹן עִ֖יר עֻזָּ֑ב עֹ֣פֶל וָבַ֜חַן הָיָ֨ה בְעַ֤ד מְעָרוֹת֙ עַד־עוֹלָ֔ם מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ פְּרָאִ֖ים מִרְעֵ֥ה עֲדָרִֽים׃", "text": "For-*ʾarmôn* *nāṭaš*, *hāmôn* *ʿîr* *ʿāzab*; *ʿōpel* and-*baḥan* *hāyâ* for *məʿārôt* until-*ʿôlām*, *məśôś* *pərāʾîm* *mirʿê* *ʿădārîm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾarmôn*": "masculine singular noun - palace, fortress", "*nāṭaš*": "pual perfect 3rd masculine singular - has been forsaken, abandoned", "*hāmôn*": "masculine singular noun construct - multitude, crowd", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun - city, town", "*ʿāzab*": "pual perfect 3rd masculine singular - has been forsaken, abandoned", "*ʿōpel*": "masculine singular noun - hill, mound", "*baḥan*": "masculine singular noun - watchtower", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has become", "*məʿārôt*": "feminine plural noun - caves, dens", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - forever, eternity", "*məśôś*": "masculine singular noun - joy, delight", "*pərāʾîm*": "masculine plural noun - wild donkeys", "*mirʿê*": "masculine singular noun construct - pasture", "*ʿădārîm*": "masculine plural noun - flocks, herds" }, "variants": { "*ʾarmôn*": "palace/fortress/citadel", "*nāṭaš*": "has been forsaken/abandoned/left", "*hāmôn*": "multitude/crowd/noise", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*ʿāzab*": "has been forsaken/abandoned/left", "*ʿōpel*": "hill/mound/elevated place", "*baḥan*": "watchtower/lookout post", "*hāyâ*": "has become/has been/will be", "*məʿārôt*": "caves/dens/hidden places", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity", "*məśôś*": "joy/delight/pleasure", "*pərāʾîm*": "wild donkeys/onagers", "*mirʿê*": "pasture/grazing place", "*ʿădārîm*": "flocks/herds" } }
  • Isa 33:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.33.9", "source": "אָבַל אֻמְלְלָה אָרֶץ הֶחְפִּיר לְבָנוֹן קָמַל הָיָה הַשָּׁרוֹן כָּעֲרָבָה וְנֹעֵר בָּשָׁן וְכַרְמֶל", "text": "*ʾābal* *ʾumləlâ* *ʾāreṣ* *heḥpîr* *ləbānôn* *qāmal* *hāyâ* the-*šārôn* like-the-*ʿărābâ* *wə-nōʿēr* *bāšān* *wə-karmel*", "grammar": { "*ʾābal*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it mourns", "*ʾumləlâ*": "Pulal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she is weakened/languishes", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth", "*heḥpîr*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it shows shame", "*ləbānôn*": "proper noun - Lebanon", "*qāmal*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it withers", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it has become", "*šārôn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Sharon", "*ʿărābâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the desert/wilderness", "*wə-nōʿēr*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine singular - and shaking off", "*bāšān*": "proper noun - Bashan", "*wə-karmel*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Carmel" }, "variants": { "*ʾābal*": "it mourns/it laments/it grieves", "*ʾumləlâ*": "she is weakened/she languishes/she withers", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*heḥpîr*": "it shows shame/it is ashamed/it is confounded", "*ləbānôn*": "Lebanon (mountain range)", "*qāmal*": "it withers/it fades/it decays", "*hāyâ*": "it has become/it is", "*šārôn*": "Sharon (fertile plain)", "*ʿărābâ*": "desert/wilderness/Arabah", "*nōʿēr*": "shaking off/shedding/dropping", "*bāšān*": "Bashan (fertile region)", "*karmel*": "Carmel (mountain range)" } }
  • Jer 40:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.40.15", "source": "וְיוֹחָנָ֣ן בֶּן־קָרֵ֡חַ אָמַ֣ר אֶל־גְּדַלְיָהוּ֩ בַסֵּ֨תֶר בַּמִּצְפָּ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר אֵ֤לְכָה נָּא֙ וְאַכֶּה֙ אֶת־יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֔ה וְאִ֖ישׁ לֹ֣א יֵדָ֑ע לָ֧מָּה יַכֶּ֣כָּה נֶּ֗פֶשׁ וְנָפֹ֙צוּ֙ כָּל־יְהוּדָ֔ה הַנִּקְבָּצִ֣ים אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְאָבְדָ֖ה שְׁאֵרִ֥ית יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "And *yôḥānān ben-qārēaḥ* *ʾāmar* to *gədalyāhû* in *bassēter* in *hammişpâ* *lēmōr*, 'Let me *ʾēləkâ* *nāʾ* and I will *ʾakkeh* *ʾet*-*yišmāʿēʾl ben-nətanyâ*, and *ʾîš* not will *yēdāʿ*. Why should he *yakkekâ* *nefeš* and be *nāfōşû* all *yəhûdâ* the ones *hanniqbāşîm* to you, and *ʾābədâ* *šəʾērît* *yəhûdâ*?'", "grammar": { "*yôḥānān ben-qārēaḥ*": "proper noun with patronymic - Johanan son of Kareah", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*gədalyāhû*": "proper noun - Gedaliah", "*bassēter*": "noun with preposition and definite article - in the secret/privately", "*hammişpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Mizpah", "*lēmōr*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾēləkâ*": "verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st singular - let me go", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾakkeh*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will strike/kill", "*yišmāʿēʾl ben-nətanyâ*": "proper noun with patronymic - Ishmael son of Nethaniah", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/anyone", "*yēdāʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will know", "*yakkekâ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - he will strike/kill you", "*nefeš*": "noun, feminine singular - life/soul/person", "*nāfōşû*": "verb, niphal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - and they will be scattered", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*hanniqbāşîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones being gathered", "*ʾābədâ*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and she will perish", "*šəʾērît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - remnant of" }, "variants": { "*bassēter*": "in secret/privately/confidentially", "*ʾēləkâ nāʾ*": "let me go, please (polite request)", "*ʾakkeh*": "I will strike/kill/attack/slay", "*yēdāʿ*": "will know/learn/be aware", "*yakkekâ nefeš*": "he will kill you/take your life", "*nāfōşû*": "will be scattered/dispersed/spread abroad", "*hanniqbāşîm*": "the ones being gathered/assembled/collected", "*ʾābədâ*": "will perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors" } }
  • Jer 50:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.17", "source": "שֶׂ֧ה פְזוּרָ֛ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲרָי֣וֹת הִדִּ֑יחוּ הָרִאשׁ֤וֹן אֲכָלוֹ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וְזֶ֤ה הָאַחֲרוֹן֙ עִצְּמ֔וֹ נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֖ר מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃ ס", "text": "*seh* *pəzurah* *yisraʾel* *ʾarayot* *hiddiḥu* the *riʾshon* *ʾakhalo* *melekh* *ʾashshur* *wə-zeh* the *ʾaḥaron* *ʿitstsəmo* *nəvukhadreʾtstsar* *melekh* *bavel*.", "grammar": { "*seh*": "noun, masculine singular - sheep/lamb", "*pəzurah*": "adjective, feminine singular - scattered", "*yisraʾel*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾarayot*": "noun, masculine plural - lions", "*hiddiḥu*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they have driven away/scattered", "*riʾshon*": "adjective, masculine singular + definite article - the first", "*ʾakhalo*": "perfect, 3rd person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he has eaten/devoured him", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾashshur*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wə-zeh*": "conjunction + demonstrative pronoun - and this", "*ʾaḥaron*": "adjective, masculine singular + definite article - the last", "*ʿitstsəmo*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he has broken/crushed his bones", "*nəvukhadreʾtstsar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*seh*": "sheep/lamb/flock member", "*pəzurah*": "scattered/dispersed/driven away", "*hiddiḥu*": "scattered/driven away/thrust aside", "*ʾakhalo*": "devoured/consumed/eaten him", "*ʿitstsəmo*": "broken his bones/crushed him/gnawed his bones" } }
  • Acts 17:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Acts.17.6", "source": "Μὴ εὑρόντες δὲ αὐτούς, ἔσυρον τὸν Ἰάσονα καί τινας ἀδελφοὺς ἐπὶ τοὺς πολιτάρχας, βοῶντες ὅτι Οἱ τὴν οἰκουμένην ἀναστατώσαντες, οὗτοι καὶ ἐνθάδε πάρεισιν·", "text": "Not *heurontes* *de* them, they *esyron* the *Iasona* and some *adelphous* before the *politarchas*, *boōntes* that Those the *oikoumenēn* *anastatōsantes*, these also *enthade* *pareisin*;", "grammar": { "*heurontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - having found", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*esyron*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were dragging", "*Iasona*": "accusative singular masculine - Jason", "*adelphous*": "accusative plural masculine - brothers", "*politarchas*": "accusative plural masculine - city rulers", "*boōntes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - shouting", "*oikoumenēn*": "accusative singular feminine - inhabited world", "*anastatōsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - having turned upside down", "*enthade*": "adverb - here", "*pareisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they are present" }, "variants": { "*heurontes*": "finding/discovering", "*esyron*": "were dragging/pulling forcibly", "*adelphous*": "brothers/believers/fellow Christians", "*politarchas*": "city rulers/magistrates (specific to Thessalonica)", "*boōntes*": "shouting/crying out/yelling", "*oikoumenēn*": "inhabited world/empire/earth", "*anastatōsantes*": "turning upside down/stirring up/causing upheaval", "*enthade*": "here/in this place", "*pareisin*": "are present/have arrived/are here" } }
  • Jas 1:1 : 1 { "verseID": "James.1.1", "source": "¶Ἰάκωβος, Θεοῦ καὶ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ δοῦλος, ταῖς δώδεκα φυλαῖς ταῖς ἐν τῇ διασπορᾷ, χαίρειν.", "text": "*Iakōbos*, of *Theos* and *Kyrios Iēsous Christos* *doulos*, to the twelve *phylais* to those in the *diaspora*, *chairein*.", "grammar": { "*Iakōbos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject of sentence", "*Theos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive/belonging to", "*Kyrios*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive/belonging to", "*Iēsous*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive/belonging to", "*Christos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive/belonging to", "*doulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - predicate nominative", "*phylais*": "dative, feminine, plural - indirect object (to/for the tribes)", "*diaspora*": "dative, feminine, singular - location (in the dispersion)", "*chairein*": "present infinitive, active - greeting/to rejoice" }, "variants": { "*Iakōbos*": "James/Jacob", "*doulos*": "slave/servant/bondservant", "*phylais*": "tribes/clans", "*diaspora*": "dispersion/scattering/exile", "*chairein*": "greetings/to rejoice/rejoice" } }
  • Zech 13:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Zechariah.13.7", "source": "חֶ֗רֶב עוּרִ֤י עַל־רֹעִי֙ וְעַל־גֶּ֣בֶר עֲמִיתִ֔י נְאֻ֖ם יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת הַ֤ךְ אֶת־הָֽרֹעֶה֙ וּתְפוּצֶ֣יןָ הַצֹּ֔אן וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֥י יָדִ֖י עַל־הַצֹּעֲרִֽים׃", "text": "*ḥereḇ* *'ûrî* against-*rō'î* and against-*geḇer* *'ămîṯî*, *nə'um* *YHWH* *ṣəḇā'ôṯ*; *haḵ* *'eṯ*-*hārō'eh* and *ṯəp̄ûṣeynā* *haṣṣō'n*, and *hăšiḇōṯî* *yāḏî* against-*haṣṣō'ărîm*.", "grammar": { "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine, singular, absolute - sword", "*'ûrî*": "verb, qal imperative, feminine singular - awake/rouse yourself", "*rō'î*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my shepherd", "*geḇer*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - man", "*'ămîṯî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my companion/my associate", "*nə'um*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣəḇā'ôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - hosts/armies", "*haḵ*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine singular - strike", "*hārō'eh*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the shepherd", "*ṯəp̄ûṣeynā*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will be scattered", "*haṣṣō'n*": "noun, common singular with definite article - the flock/the sheep", "*hăšiḇōṯî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person common singular with waw consecutive - and I will turn/and I will bring back", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my hand", "*haṣṣō'ărîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the little ones/the young ones" }, "variants": { "*'ûrî*": "awake/arise/rouse yourself", "*rō'î*": "my shepherd/my pastor/my herdsman", "*'ămîṯî*": "my companion/my associate/my fellow/my neighbor", "*haḵ*": "strike/smite/attack", "*ṯəp̄ûṣeynā*": "they will be scattered/they will disperse/they will be spread abroad", "*haṣṣō'ărîm*": "the little ones/the humble ones/the young ones/the insignificant ones" } } 8 { "verseID": "Zechariah.13.8", "source": "וְהָיָ֤ה בְכָל־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה פִּֽי־שְׁנַ֣יִם בָּ֔הּ יִכָּרְת֖וּ יִגְוָ֑עוּ וְהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֖ית יִוָּ֥תֶר בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And *hāyâ* in *ḵāl*-*hā'āreṣ*, *nə'um*-*YHWH*, *pî*-*šənayim* in *bāh* *yikkārəṯû* *yigwā'û*, and *haššəlišîṯ* *yiwwāṯēr* in *bāh*.", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it will happen/and it will come to pass", "*ḵāl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - all of/whole of", "*hā'āreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the land/the earth", "*nə'um*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*pî*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - mouth of/portion of", "*šənayim*": "numeral, masculine, dual - two", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in it/in her", "*yikkārəṯû*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be cut off", "*yigwā'û*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will die/they will perish", "*haššəlišîṯ*": "adjective, feminine, singular with definite article - the third part", "*yiwwāṯēr*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be left/it will remain" }, "variants": { "*pî*": "mouth of/portion of/measure of/two-thirds", "*yikkārəṯû*": "they will be cut off/they will be destroyed/they will be eliminated", "*yigwā'û*": "they will die/they will perish/they will expire", "*yiwwāṯēr*": "it will be left/it will remain/it will be spared" } } 9 { "verseID": "Zechariah.13.9", "source": "וְהֵבֵאתִ֤י אֶת־הַשְּׁלִשִׁית֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וּצְרַפְתִּים֙ כִּצְרֹ֣ף אֶת־הַכֶּ֔סֶף וּבְחַנְתִּ֖ים כִּבְחֹ֣ן אֶת־הַזָּהָ֑ב ה֣וּא ׀ יִקְרָ֣א בִשְׁמִ֗י וַֽאֲנִי֙ אֶעֱנֶ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ עַמִּ֣י ה֔וּא וְה֥וּא יֹאמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽי׃", "text": "And *hēḇē'ṯî* *'eṯ*-*haššəlišîṯ* in *bā'ēš*, and *ṣərap̄tîm* like *kiṣrōp̄* *'eṯ*-*hakkeśep̄*, and *ḇəḥantîm* like *kiḇḥōn* *'eṯ*-*hazzāhāḇ*; *hû'* *yiqrā'* in *šəmî*, and *wa'ănî* *'e'ĕneh* *'ōṯô*; *'āmartî* '*'ammî* *hû'*', and *hû'* *yō'mar* '*YHWH* *'ĕlōhāy*'.", "grammar": { "*hēḇē'ṯî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person common singular with waw consecutive - and I will bring", "*haššəlišîṯ*": "adjective, feminine, singular with definite article - the third part", "*bā'ēš*": "noun, feminine, singular with preposition and definite article - in the fire", "*ṣərap̄tîm*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and waw consecutive - and I will refine them", "*kiṣrōp̄*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with preposition - as the refining of", "*hakkeśep̄*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the silver", "*ḇəḥantîm*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and waw consecutive - and I will test them", "*kiḇḥōn*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with preposition - as the testing of", "*hazzāhāḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the gold", "*hû'*": "personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he", "*yiqrā'*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will call", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my name", "*wa'ănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person common singular with conjunctive waw - and I", "*'e'ĕneh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person common singular - I will answer", "*'ōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*'āmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common singular - I will say/I have said", "*'ammî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my people", "*yō'mar*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will say", "*'ĕlōhāy*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my God" }, "variants": { "*ṣərap̄tîm*": "I will refine them/I will purify them/I will smelt them", "*kiṣrōp̄*": "as the refining of/like the purification of", "*ḇəḥantîm*": "I will test them/I will try them/I will examine them", "*kiḇḥōn*": "as the testing of/like the trying of/as the examining of", "*yiqrā'*": "he will call/he will invoke/he will proclaim" } }

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

  • Isa 24:2-6
    5 verses
    87%

    2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.2", "source": "וְהָיָ֤ה כָעָם֙ כַּכֹּהֵ֔ן כַּעֶ֙בֶד֙ כַּֽאדֹנָ֔יו כַּשִּׁפְחָ֖ה כַּגְּבִרְתָּ֑הּ כַּקּוֹנֶה֙ כַּמּוֹכֵ֔ר כַּמַּלְוֶה֙ כַּלֹּוֶ֔ה כַּנֹּשֶׁ֕ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר נֹשֶׁ֥א בֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*hāyāh* like-the-*ʿām* like-the-*kōhēn*, like-the-*ʿebed* like-*ʾadōnāyw*, like-the-*šipḥāh* like-*gəbirtāh*, like-the-*qōneh* like-the-*mōkēr*, like-the-*malweh* like-the-*lōweh*, like-the-*nōšeh* like-*ʾašer* *nōśēʾ* in-him", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*ʿām*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the people", "*kōhēn*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the priest", "*ʿebed*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the servant", "*ʾadōnāyw*": "common noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix with preposition כ - like his masters", "*šipḥāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the maidservant", "*gəbirtāh*": "common noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix with preposition כ - like her mistress", "*qōneh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the buyer", "*mōkēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the seller", "*malweh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the lender", "*lōweh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the borrower", "*nōšeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the creditor", "*ʾašer*": "relative pronoun with preposition כ - like one who", "*nōśēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - bearing/carrying/owing", "בֽוֹ": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in him/to him" }, "variants": { "*hāyāh*": "it will be/it shall happen", "*ʿām*": "people/nation", "*kōhēn*": "priest/officiant", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave", "*ʾadōnāyw*": "his masters/his lords", "*šipḥāh*": "maidservant/female slave", "*gəbirtāh*": "her mistress/her lady", "*qōneh*": "buyer/purchaser", "*mōkēr*": "seller/vendor", "*malweh*": "lender/creditor", "*lōweh*": "borrower/debtor", "*nōšeh*": "creditor/one who lends", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/owing debt" } }

    3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.3", "source": "הִבּ֧וֹק ׀ תִּבּ֛וֹק הָאָ֖רֶץ וְהִבּ֣וֹז ׀ תִּבּ֑וֹז כִּ֣י יְהוָ֔ה דִּבֶּ֖ר אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*Hibbōq* *tibbōq* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-*hibbōz* *tibbōz* *kî* *YHWH* *dibbēr* *ʾet*-the-*dābār* the-*zeh*", "grammar": { "*Hibbōq*": "Niphal infinitive absolute - utterly emptied", "*tibbōq*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be emptied", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*hibbōz*": "Niphal infinitive absolute - utterly plundered", "*tibbōz*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be plundered", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*dibbēr*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has spoken", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dābār*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the word/thing/matter", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular with definite article - this" }, "variants": { "*Hibbōq tibbōq*": "will be utterly emptied/completely laid waste/certainly devastated", "*hibbōz tibbōz*": "will be utterly plundered/completely despoiled/certainly looted", "*kî*": "for/because/indeed", "*dibbēr*": "has spoken/has said/has declared", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter/speech" } }

    4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.4", "source": "אָבְלָ֤ה נָֽבְלָה֙ הָאָ֔רֶץ אֻמְלְלָ֥ה נָבְלָ֖ה תֵּבֵ֑ל אֻמְלָ֖לוּ מְר֥וֹם עַם־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*ʾābəlāh* *nābəlāh* the-*ʾāreṣ* *ʾuməlelāh* *nābəlāh* *tēbēl* *ʾumləlû* *mərôm* *ʿam*-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*ʾābəlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - mourns", "*nābəlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - withers/fades", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*ʾuməlelāh*": "Pulal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - languishes/weakens", "*nābəlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - withers/fades", "*tēbēl*": "common noun, feminine singular - world/habitable earth", "*ʾumləlû*": "Pulal perfect, 3rd person common plural - languish/are weakened", "*mərôm*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - height/exalted ones", "*ʿam*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ʾābəlāh*": "mourns/laments/grieves", "*nābəlāh*": "withers/fades/decays", "*ʾuməlelāh*": "languishes/weakens/droops", "*tēbēl*": "world/habitable earth/inhabited land", "*ʾumləlû*": "languish/are weakened/droop", "*mərôm*": "height/exalted ones/lofty people", "*ʿam-hāʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/prominent people" } }

    5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.5", "source": "וְהָאָ֥רֶץ חָנְפָ֖ה תַּ֣חַת יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ כִּֽי־עָבְר֤וּ תוֹרֹת֙ חָ֣לְפוּ חֹ֔ק הֵפֵ֖רוּ בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And-the-*ʾāreṣ* *ḥānəpāh* *taḥat* *yōšəbehā* *kî*-*ʿābərû* *tôrōt* *ḥāləpû* *ḥōq* *hēpērû* *bərît* *ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*ḥānəpāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is polluted/defiled", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*yōšəbehā*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its inhabitants", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿābərû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have transgressed", "*tôrōt*": "common noun, feminine plural - laws/teachings/instructions", "*ḥāləpû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have violated/changed", "*ḥōq*": "common noun, masculine singular - statute/decree/ordinance", "*hēpērû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have broken", "*bərît*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "common noun, masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity" }, "variants": { "*ḥānəpāh*": "is polluted/is defiled/is profaned", "*taḥat*": "under/beneath/because of", "*ʿābərû*": "have transgressed/have violated/have passed over", "*tôrōt*": "laws/teachings/instructions", "*ḥāləpû*": "have violated/have changed/have altered", "*ḥōq*": "statute/decree/ordinance/boundary", "*hēpērû*": "have broken/have annulled/have made void", "*bərît ʿôlām*": "everlasting covenant/eternal agreement/perpetual treaty" } }

    6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.6", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֗ן אָלָה֙ אָ֣כְלָה אֶ֔רֶץ וַֽיֶּאְשְׁמ֖וּ יֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָ֑הּ עַל־כֵּ֗ן חָרוּ֙ יֹ֣שְׁבֵי אֶ֔רֶץ וְנִשְׁאַ֥ר אֱנ֖וֹשׁ מִזְעָֽר׃", "text": "*ʿal-kēn* *ʾālāh* *ʾākəlāh* *ʾereṣ* and-*yeʾəšəmû* *yōšəbê* in-her *ʿal-kēn* *ḥārû* *yōšəbê* *ʾereṣ* and-*nišʾar* *ʾěnôš* *mizʿār*", "grammar": { "*ʿal-kēn*": "prepositional phrase - therefore/because of this", "*ʾālāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - curse/oath", "*ʾākəlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has devoured", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*yeʾəšəmû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they are guilty/desolate", "*yōšəbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "בָ֑הּ": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in her/in it", "*ʿal-kēn*": "prepositional phrase - therefore/because of this", "*ḥārû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - are burned/scorched", "*yōšəbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*nišʾar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is left/remains", "*ʾěnôš*": "common noun, masculine singular - mankind/people/men", "*mizʿār*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition מ - few/small number" }, "variants": { "*ʾālāh*": "curse/oath/imprecation", "*ʾākəlāh*": "has devoured/has consumed/has eaten up", "*yeʾəšəmû*": "are guilty/are desolate/bear their punishment", "*ḥārû*": "are burned/are scorched/are parched", "*nišʾar*": "is left/remains/is spared", "*ʾěnôš*": "mankind/humanity/mortal men", "*mizʿār*": "few/small number/tiny remnant" } }

  • Isa 24:19-21
    3 verses
    79%

    19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.19", "source": "רֹ֥עָה הִֽתְרֹעֲעָ֖ה הָאָ֑רֶץ פּ֤וֹר הִֽתְפּוֹרְרָה֙ אֶ֔רֶץ מ֥וֹט הִֽתְמוֹטְטָ֖ה אָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*rōʿāh* *hitrōʿăʿāh* the-*ʾāreṣ* *pôr* *hitpôrərāh* *ʾereṣ* *môṭ* *hitmôṭəṭāh* *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*rōʿāh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - utterly broken", "*hitrōʿăʿāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - breaks itself in pieces", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*pôr*": "Qal infinitive absolute - utterly broken", "*hitpôrərāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - crumbles to pieces", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*môṭ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - utterly shaken", "*hitmôṭəṭāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - totters exceedingly", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*rōʿāh hitrōʿăʿāh*": "is utterly broken/is completely shattered", "*pôr hitpôrərāh*": "is utterly split/is completely broken up", "*môṭ hitmôṭəṭāh*": "is utterly shaken/staggers exceedingly/totters violently" } }

    20 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.20", "source": "נ֣וֹעַ תָּנ֤וּעַ אֶ֙רֶץ֙ כַּשִּׁכּ֔וֹר וְהִֽתְנוֹדְדָ֖ה כַּמְּלוּנָ֑ה וְכָבַ֤ד עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ פִּשְׁעָ֔הּ וְנָפְלָ֖ה וְלֹא־תֹסִ֥יף קֽוּם׃", "text": "*nôaʿ* *tānûaʿ* *ʾereṣ* like-the-*šikkôr* and-*hitnôdədāh* like-the-*məlûnāh* and-*kābad* upon-her *pišʿāh* and-*nāpəlāh* and-not-*tōsîp* *qûm*", "grammar": { "*nôaʿ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - reeling", "*tānûaʿ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she reels", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*šikkôr*": "adjective, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the drunkard", "*hitnôdədāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with conjunction ו - and she sways", "*məlûnāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the hut/lodge", "*kābad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with conjunction ו - and is heavy", "עָלֶ֙יהָ֙": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon her", "*pišʿāh*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her transgression", "*nāpəlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with conjunction ו - and she falls", "*tōsîp*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular with negation לֹא - she will not add/continue", "*qûm*": "Qal infinitive construct - to rise" }, "variants": { "*nôaʿ tānûaʿ*": "reels to and fro/staggers exceedingly/sways violently", "*šikkôr*": "drunkard/drunk person", "*hitnôdədāh*": "sways/totters/staggers", "*məlûnāh*": "hut/lodge/watchman's booth", "*kābad*": "is heavy/weighs heavily/is burdensome", "*pišʿāh*": "her transgression/her rebellion/her sin", "*nāpəlāh*": "she falls/she collapses", "*tōsîp qûm*": "will not rise again/will not get up anymore" } }

    21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.21", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא יִפְקֹ֧ד יְהוָ֛ה עַל־צְבָ֥א הַמָּר֖וֹם בַּמָּר֑וֹם וְעַל־מַלְכֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָ֖ה עַל־הָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "And-*hāyāh* in-the-*yôm* the-*hû* *yipqōd* *YHWH* upon-*ṣəbā* the-*mārôm* in-the-*mārôm* and-upon-*malkê* the-*ʾădāmāh* upon-the-*ʾădāmāh*", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with conjunction ו - and it will be", "*yôm*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition ב and definite article - in the day", "*hû*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular with definite article - that", "*yipqōd*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will punish/visit", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣəbā*": "common noun, masculine singular construct with preposition על - upon host of", "*mārôm*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the height", "*mārôm*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition ב and definite article - in the height", "*malkê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct with preposition על and conjunction ו - and upon kings of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the ground/land/earth", "*ʾădāmāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article and preposition על - upon the ground/land/earth" }, "variants": { "*hāyāh*": "it will be/it shall come to pass", "*yôm hû*": "that day/in that day", "*yipqōd*": "will punish/will visit/will attend to", "*ṣəbā*": "host/army/company", "*mārôm*": "height/high place/heaven", "*malkê*": "kings of/rulers of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/earth" } }

  • Isa 6:11-12
    2 verses
    77%

    11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.11", "source": "וָאֹמַ֕ר עַד־מָתַ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑י וַיֹּ֡אמֶר עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁר֩ אִם־שָׁא֨וּ עָרִ֜ים מֵאֵ֣ין יוֹשֵׁ֗ב וּבָתִּים֙ מֵאֵ֣ין אָדָ֔ם וְהָאֲדָמָ֖ה תִּשָּׁאֶ֥ה שְׁמָמָֽה׃", "text": "*Wāʾōmar* until-when *ʾădōnāy* *wayyōʾmer* until that if-*shāʾû* *ʿārîm* from *ʾêyn* *yôshēb* and *bāttîm* from *ʾêyn* *ʾādām* and the *ʾădāmāh* *tishshāʾeh* *shəmāmāh*.", "grammar": { "*Wāʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʿad-mātay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when/how long", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʾăsher*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*shāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are desolate/ruined", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʾêyn*": "particle of negation construct - without", "*yôshēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller", "*bāttîm*": "noun, masculine plural - houses", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/ground", "*tishshāʾeh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation" }, "variants": { "*ʿad-mātay*": "until when/how long/until what time", "*ʾădōnāy*": "Lord/Master/my Lord (divine title)", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/ruined/devastated", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*yôshēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*bayit*": "house/home/household", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "desolation/wasteland/ruin" } }

    12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.12", "source": "וְרִחַ֥ק יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־הָאָדָ֑ם וְרַבָּ֥ה הָעֲזוּבָ֖ה בְּקֶ֥רֶב הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*Wəriḥaq* *YHWH* *ʾet*-the *ʾādām* *wərabbāh* the *ʿăzûbāh* in *qereb* the *ʾārets*.", "grammar": { "*Wəriḥaq*": "waw conjunction + piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and has removed far away", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man/mankind", "*wərabbāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and is great/many", "*ʿăzûbāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the forsaken place/abandonment", "*qereb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ʾārets*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/earth" }, "variants": { "*rāḥaq*": "remove far/distance/send far away", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/people", "*rābāh*": "become great/increase/multiply", "*ʿăzûbāh*": "forsaken place/abandonment/desolation", "*qereb*": "midst/among/within/interior", "*ʾārets*": "land/earth/territory/ground" } }

  • Jer 4:26-27
    2 verses
    76%

    26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.26", "source": "רָאִ֕יתִי וְהִנֵּ֥ה הַכַּרְמֶ֖ל הַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וְכָל־עָרָ֗יו נִתְּצוּ֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י חֲר֥וֹן אַפּֽוֹ׃ ס", "text": "*Rāʾîtî* and *hinnēh* the *karmel* the *midbār*; and all its *ʿārāyw* *nittəṣû* from *pənê* *Yhwh*, from *pənê* *ḥărôn* *ʾappô*", "grammar": { "*Rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I saw/looked", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*karmel*": "masculine singular noun - fruitful field/garden land", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun - wilderness/desert", "*ʿārāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its cities", "*nittəṣû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - were torn down", "*pənê*": "masculine plural noun, construct - face of", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*pənê*": "masculine plural noun, construct - face of", "*ḥărôn*": "masculine singular noun, construct - heat of", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger" }, "variants": { "*Rāʾîtî*": "saw/looked at/observed", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*karmel*": "fruitful field/garden land/fertile ground", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland", "*ʿārāyw*": "its cities/towns", "*nittəṣû*": "were torn down/broken down/demolished", "*pənê*": "face/presence/before", "*ḥărôn*": "heat/burning/intensity", "*ʾappô*": "his anger/wrath/nose" } }

    27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.27", "source": "כִּי־כֹה֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שְׁמָמָ֥ה תִהְיֶ֖ה כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְכָלָ֖ה לֹ֥א אֶעֱשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *Yhwh*, *šəmāmāh* *tihyeh* all the *ʾāreṣ*; and *ḵālāh* not *ʾeʿĕśeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has said", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*šəmāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - desolation/waste", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will be", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*ḵālāh*": "feminine singular noun - complete destruction", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will make/do" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*tihyeh*": "will be/become/happen", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*ḵālāh*": "complete destruction/annihilation/end", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "will make/do/perform" } }

  • 32 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.32", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הִנֵּ֥ה רָעָ֛ה יֹצֵ֖את מִגּ֣וֹי אֶל־גּ֑וֹי וְסַ֣עַר גָּד֔וֹל יֵע֖וֹר מִיַּרְכְּתֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *hinnēh* *rāʿāh* *yōṣēʾt* from-*gôy* to-*gôy* and-*saʿar* *gādôl* *yēʿôr* from-*yarkətê*-*ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster", "*yōṣēʾt*": "verb, qal participle, feminine singular - going out/proceeding", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*saʿar*": "noun, masculine singular - tempest/storm", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*yēʿôr*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be aroused/awakened", "*yarkətê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - remote parts of/sides of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/distress", "*yōṣēʾt*": "going out/proceeding/emerging", "*saʿar*": "tempest/storm/whirlwind", "*yēʿôr*": "will be aroused/awakened/stirred up", "*yarkətê*": "remote parts/sides/farthest regions" } }

  • 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.12", "source": "שֹׁ֥מּוּ שָׁמַ֖יִם עַל־זֹ֑את וְשַׂעֲר֛וּ חָרְב֥וּ מְאֹ֖ד נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Šōmmû* *šāmayim* *ʿal*-*zōʾt* *wə-śaʿărû* *ḥorbû* *məʾōd* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Šōmmû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - be appalled", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine dual - heavens", "*ʿal*-*zōʾt*": "preposition + feminine demonstrative pronoun - at this", "*wə-śaʿărû*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural - and be horrified", "*ḥorbû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - be utterly desolate", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*nəʾum*-*YHWH*": "construct chain - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*šōmmû*": "be appalled/be astonished/be desolate", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*śaʿărû*": "be horrified/shudder/be shocked", "*ḥorbû*": "be utterly desolate/be laid waste/be dried up", "*məʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } }

  • 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.12.20", "source": "וְהֶעָרִ֤ים הַנּֽוֹשָׁבוֹת֙ תֶּחֱרַ֔בְנָה וְהָאָ֖רֶץ שְׁמָמָ֣ה תִֽהְיֶ֑ה וִֽידַעְתֶּ֖ם כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-the-*ʿārîm* the-*nôšāḇôṯ* *teḥĕraḇnāh* and-the-*ʾāreṣ* *šəmāmâ* *ṯihyeh* and-*wîḏaʿtem* that-I *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ʿārîm*": "common noun, feminine plural with definite article - the cities", "*nôšāḇôṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine plural with definite article - the inhabited", "*teḥĕraḇnāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be laid waste", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*šəmāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*ṯihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*wîḏaʿtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will know" }, "variants": { "*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation" } }

  • 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.12.11", "source": "שָׂמָהּ֙ לִשְׁמָמָ֔ה אָבְלָ֥ה עָלַ֖י שְׁמֵמָ֑ה נָשַׁ֙מָּה֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֛י אֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ שָׂ֥ם עַל־לֵֽב׃", "text": "He-*śāmāh* for-*šəmāmāh* she-*ʾābəlāh* upon-me *šəmēmāh* *nāšammāh* all-*hāʾāreṣ* because none *ʾîš* *śām* upon-*lēb*", "grammar": { "*śāmāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he has made it", "*šəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*ʾābəlāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she mourns", "*šəmēmāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - desolate", "*nāšammāh*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it is desolate", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*śām*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine singular - putting/placing", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart" }, "variants": { "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste", "*ʾābəlāh*": "mourns/laments", "*nāšammāh*": "is desolate/lies waste", "*śām ʿal-lēb*": "takes to heart/considers/pays attention" } }

  • Isa 24:12-13
    2 verses
    74%

    12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.12", "source": "נִשְׁאַ֥ר בָּעִ֖יר שַׁמָּ֑ה וּשְׁאִיָּ֖ה יֻכַּת־שָֽׁעַר׃", "text": "*nišʾar* in-the-*ʿîr* *šammāh* and-*šəʾiyyāh* *yukkat*-*šāʿar*", "grammar": { "*nišʾar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is left", "*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular with preposition ב and definite article - in the city", "*šammāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*šəʾiyyāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with conjunction ו - and devastation", "*yukkat*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is beaten down", "*šāʿar*": "common noun, masculine singular - gate" }, "variants": { "*nišʾar*": "is left/remains/is spared", "*šammāh*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*šəʾiyyāh*": "devastation/ruin/crash", "*yukkat*": "is beaten down/is battered/is struck", "*šāʿar*": "gate/entrance/city gate" } }

    13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.13", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֥ה יִהְיֶ֛ה בְּקֶ֥רֶב הָאָ֖רֶץ בְּת֣וֹךְ הָֽעַמִּ֑ים כְּנֹ֣קֶף זַ֔יִת כְּעוֹלֵלֹ֖ת אִם־כָּלָ֥ה בָצִֽיר׃", "text": "*kî* thus *yihyeh* in-*qereb* the-*ʾāreṣ* in-*tôk* the-*ʿammîm* like-*nōqep* *zayit* like-*ʿôlēlôt* if-*kālāh* *bāṣîr*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*qereb*": "common noun, masculine singular construct with preposition ב - in midst of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*tôk*": "common noun, masculine singular construct with preposition ב - in midst of", "*ʿammîm*": "common noun, masculine plural with definite article - the peoples", "*nōqep*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition כ - like shaking of", "*zayit*": "common noun, masculine singular - olive tree", "*ʿôlēlôt*": "common noun, feminine plural with preposition כ - like gleanings", "*kālāh*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - completed/ended", "*bāṣîr*": "common noun, masculine singular - grape harvest" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because/thus", "*yihyeh*": "it will be/it shall happen/it shall come to pass", "*qereb*": "midst/inner part/interior", "*tôk*": "midst/among/within", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*nōqep*": "shaking/beating", "*zayit*": "olive tree/olive", "*ʿôlēlôt*": "gleanings/leftover grapes", "*kālāh*": "completed/ended/finished", "*bāṣîr*": "grape harvest/vintage/grape gathering" } }

  • 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.13.9", "source": "הִנֵּ֤ה יוֹם־יְהוָה֙ בָּ֔א אַכְזָרִ֥י וְעֶבְרָ֖ה וַחֲר֣וֹן אָ֑ף לָשׂ֤וּם הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְחַטָּאֶ֖יהָ יַשְׁמִ֥יד מִמֶּֽנָּה׃", "text": "Behold *yôm*-*YHWH* *bāʾ* *ʾaḵzārî* *wə*-*ʿeḇrāh* *wa*-*ḥărôn* *ʾāp̄* *lāśûm* the-*ʾāreṣ* to-*šammāh* *wə*-*ḥaṭṭāʾêhā* *yašmîḏ* from-her", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/see", "*yôm-YHWH*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct + proper noun - day of YHWH", "*bāʾ*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine singular - coming", "*ʾaḵzārî*": "adjective, masculine singular - cruel/fierce", "*wəʿeḇrāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, singular - and wrath/fury", "*waḥărôn*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular, construct - and burning of", "*ʾāp̄*": "noun, masculine, singular - anger/nose", "*lāśûm*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to make/set", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the land/earth", "*ləšammāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular - to desolation", "*wəḥaṭṭāʾêhā*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her sinners", "*yašmîḏ*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will destroy", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - from her" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḵzārî*": "cruel/fierce/merciless", "*ʿeḇrāh*": "wrath/fury/rage/overflow", "*ḥărôn ʾāp̄*": "burning anger/fierce wrath/heat of nostril", "*šammāh*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*yašmîḏ*": "will destroy/annihilate/exterminate" } }

  • 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.9", "source": "בְּאָזְנָ֖י יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת אִם־לֹ֞א בָּתִּ֤ים רַבִּים֙ לְשַׁמָּ֣ה יִֽהְי֔וּ גְּדֹלִ֥ים וְטוֹבִ֖ים מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "In *bəʾoznāy* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*, surely if not [oath formula] *bāttîm* *rabbîm* for *ləšammâ* *yihyû*, *gədōlîm* and *wə*-*ṭôbîm* from *mēʾên* *yôšēb*.", "grammar": { "*bəʾoznāy*": "preposition with feminine dual noun construct - in the ears of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conditional negative particle - if not [oath formula]", "*bāttîm*": "masculine plural noun - houses", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many", "*ləšammâ*": "preposition with feminine singular noun - for desolation", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will become", "*gədōlîm*": "masculine plural adjective - large/great", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ṭôbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - good/fine", "*mēʾên*": "preposition with construct particle - from there being no", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller" }, "variants": { "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/celestial bodies", "*ləšammâ*": "desolation/horror/waste", "*yôšēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident" } }

  • 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.7", "source": "אַרְצְכֶ֣ם שְׁמָמָ֔ה עָרֵיכֶ֖ם שְׂרֻפ֣וֹת אֵ֑שׁ אַדְמַתְכֶ֗ם לְנֶגְדְּכֶם֙ זָרִים֙ אֹכְלִ֣ים אֹתָ֔הּ וּשְׁמָמָ֖ה כְּמַהְפֵּכַ֥ת זָרִֽים׃", "text": "*ʾarṣᵉkem* *šᵉmāmâ* *'ārêkem* *śᵉrûpôt* *ʾēš* *ʾadmatkem* *lᵉnegdᵉkem* *zārîm* *ʾōkᵉlîm* *ʾōtāh* *ûšᵉmāmâ* *kᵉmahpēkat* *zārîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾarṣᵉkem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*šᵉmāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*'ārêkem*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities", "*śᵉrûpôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural construct - burnt [with]", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʾadmatkem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ground/soil", "*lᵉnegdᵉkem*": "preposition lᵉ- + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - before you", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners", "*ʾōkᵉlîm*": "participle, qal active, masculine plural - devour/consume", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - it", "*ûšᵉmāmâ*": "conjunction wə- + noun, feminine singular - and desolation", "*kᵉmahpēkat*": "preposition kᵉ- + noun, feminine singular construct - like [the] overthrow of", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners" }, "variants": { "*šᵉmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*śᵉrûpôt*": "burnt/consumed by fire", "*ʾadmatkem*": "your ground/soil/land/territory", "*lᵉnegdᵉkem*": "before you/in your presence/in your sight", "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/aliens", "*ʾōkᵉlîm*": "devour/consume/eat", "*mahpēkat*": "overthrow/destruction/overturning" } }

  • 5 { "verseID": "Amos.9.5", "source": "וַאדֹנָ֨י יְהוִ֜ה הַצְּבָא֗וֹת הַנּוֹגֵ֤עַ בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ וַתָּמ֔וֹג וְאָבְל֖וּ כָּל־י֣וֹשְׁבֵי בָ֑הּ וְעָלְתָ֤ה כַיְאֹר֙ כֻּלָּ֔הּ וְשָׁקְעָ֖ה כִּיאֹ֥ר מִצְרָֽיִם", "text": "*waʾdōnāy* *YHWH* *haṣṣəbāʾôt* *hannôgēaʿ* *bāʾāreṣ* *wattāmôg* *wəʾābəlû* *kol*-*yôšəbê* *bāh* *wəʿālətāh* *kaʾōr* *kullāh* *wəšāqəʿāh* *kîʾōr* *miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*waʾdōnāy*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and the Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh", "*haṣṣəbāʾôt*": "definite article + noun feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*hannôgēaʿ*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - the one who touches", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - the earth/land", "*wattāmôg*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it melts", "*wəʾābəlû*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they mourn", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*yôšəbê*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct - dwellers of", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it", "*wəʿālətāh*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and it rises", "*kaʾōr*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - like the Nile", "*kullāh*": "noun masculine singular construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - all of it", "*wəšāqəʿāh*": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and it sinks", "*kîʾōr*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - like the Nile of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*waʾdōnāy*": "and the Lord/Master/Sovereign", "*haṣṣəbāʾôt*": "of hosts/armies/heavenly forces", "*hannôgēaʿ*": "who touches/strikes/affects", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/land/ground", "*wattāmôg*": "and it melts/dissolves/flows away", "*wəʾābəlû*": "and they mourn/lament", "*yôšəbê*": "dwellers/inhabitants/residents", "*wəʿālətāh*": "and it rises/goes up", "*kaʾōr*": "like the Nile/river", "*wəšāqəʿāh*": "and it sinks/subsides", "*kîʾōr*": "like the Nile of" } }

  • 32 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.32", "source": "וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י אֲנִ֖י אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְשָֽׁמְמ֤וּ עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ אֹֽיְבֵיכֶ֔ם הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wa-hăšimmōṯî* I *ʾănî* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* and *wə-šāmməmû* upon her *ʿālêhā* *ʾōyəḇêḵem* *ha-yōšəḇîm* in her *bāh*.", "grammar": { "*wa-hăšimmōṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make desolate", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*wə-šāmməmû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will be astonished", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon it", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*ha-yōšəḇîm*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine plural - the ones dwelling", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*hăšimmōṯî*": "make desolate/lay waste", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šāmməmû*": "be astonished/appalled/desolate", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries", "*yōšəḇîm*": "dwelling/living/sitting" } }

  • 10 { "verseID": "Nahum.2.10", "source": "בֹּ֥זּוּ כֶ֖סֶף בֹּ֣זּוּ זָהָ֑ב וְאֵ֥ין קֵ֙צֶה֙ לַתְּכוּנָ֔ה כָּבֹ֕ד מִכֹּ֖ל כְּלִ֥י חֶמְדָּֽה׃", "text": "*Bōzzû* *kesep* *bōzzû* *zāhāb*, and there is no *qēṣeh* to the *təkûnāh*, *kābōd* from all *kəlî* *ḥemdāh*.", "grammar": { "*Bōzzû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - plunder/take as spoil", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*bōzzû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - plunder/take as spoil", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*qēṣeh*": "noun, masculine singular - end/limit", "*təkûnāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - store/supply/arrangement", "*kābōd*": "noun, masculine singular - abundance/glory/weight", "*kəlî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - vessels/instruments of", "*ḥemdāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desire/desirable things" }, "variants": { "*Bōzzû*": "plunder/take as spoil/seize", "*qēṣeh*": "end/limit/boundary", "*təkûnāh*": "store/supply/arrangement/treasure", "*kābōd*": "abundance/glory/wealth/weight", "*kəlî*": "vessels/instruments/objects", "*ḥemdāh*": "desire/desirable/precious things/delight" } }

  • 24 { "verseID": "Job.12.24", "source": "מֵסִ֗יר לֵ֭ב רָאשֵׁ֣י עַם־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם בְּתֹ֣הוּ לֹא־דָֽרֶךְ׃", "text": "*mēsîr* *lēb* *rāʾšê* *ʿam-hā-ʾāreṣ* *wa-yatʿēm* *bə-tōhû* *lōʾ-dārek*", "grammar": { "*mēsîr*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - removing", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*rāʾšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs of", "*ʿam-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - people of the land", "*wa-yatʿēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he makes them wander", "*bə-tōhû*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in emptiness", "*lōʾ-dārek*": "negative particle + noun, masculine singular - no way" }, "variants": { "*mēsîr*": "removes/takes away", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/understanding", "*rāʾšê*": "chiefs/heads/leaders", "*ʿam-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/populace", "*yatʿēm*": "makes them wander/causes them to stray", "*tōhû*": "emptiness/wasteland/chaos", "*dārek*": "way/road/path" } }

  • 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.40.23", "source": "הַנּוֹתֵ֥ן רוֹזְנִ֖ים לְאָ֑יִן שֹׁ֥פְטֵי אֶ֖רֶץ כַּתֹּ֥הוּ עָשָֽׂה׃", "text": "*hannôtēn rôzěnîm lěʾāyin šōpěṭê ʾereṣ kattōhû ʿāśāh*", "grammar": { "*hannôtēn*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - 'the one who brings'", "*rôzěnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'rulers'", "*lěʾāyin*": "preposition + noun - 'to nothing'", "*šōpěṭê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - 'judges of'", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'earth'", "*kattōhû*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'like emptiness'", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he has made'" }, "variants": { "*hannôtēn*": "who brings/who reduces", "*rôzěnîm*": "rulers/princes", "*lěʾāyin*": "to nothing/to naught", "*šōpěṭê ʾereṣ*": "judges of the earth/earthly judges", "*tōhû*": "emptiness/void/chaos", "*ʿāśāh*": "has made/has rendered" } }

  • 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.24", "source": "יִתֵּ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מְטַ֥ר אַרְצְךָ֖ אָבָ֣ק וְעָפָ֑ר מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ יֵרֵ֣ד עָלֶ֔יךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּׁמְדָֽךְ׃", "text": "*yittēn* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*məṭar* *ʾarṣəkā* *ʾābāq* *wəʿāpār* *min*-*haššāmayim* *yērēd* *ʿālêkā* *ʿad* *hiššāmədāk*", "grammar": { "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will give/make", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾet*-*məṭar*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the rain of", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*ʾābāq*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/powder", "*wəʿāpār*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, masculine singular - and dirt/dust", "*min*-*haššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - from the heavens", "*yērēd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will come down", "*ʿālêkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - upon you", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hiššāmədāk*": "niphal infinitive construct of שמד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your being destroyed" }, "variants": { "*yittēn*": "give/make/transform", "*məṭar*": "rain/rainfall", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "your land/country/territory", "*ʾābāq*": "dust/powder/fine particles", "*ʿāpār*": "dirt/dust/soil/earth", "*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/sky", "*yērēd*": "come down/descend/fall", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/annihilation" } }

  • 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.29", "source": "וַתִּרְעַ֥שׁ הָאָ֖רֶץ וַתָּחֹ֑ל כִּ֣י קָ֤מָה עַל־בָּבֶל֙ מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת יְהוָ֔ה לָשׂ֞וּם אֶת־אֶ֧רֶץ בָּבֶ֛ל לְשַׁמָּ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "And *ra'ash ha-'arets* and *chul*; for *qum* against *Babel machshevot YHWH*, to *sum 'et-'erets Babel le-shammah me'eyn yoshev*.", "grammar": { "*wa-tir'ash*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect + consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it trembles", "*ha-'arets*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*wa-tachol*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect + consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it writhes", "*ki*": "conjunction - for/because", "*qamah*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she arises/stands", "*'al-Babel*": "preposition + proper noun - against Babylon", "*machshevot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - plans/thoughts of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Divine Name", "*la-sum*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to make", "*'et-'erets*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the land of", "*Babel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*le-shammah*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a desolation", "*me'eyn*": "preposition + construct particle - without", "*yoshev*": "participle, Qal active, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller" }, "variants": { "*ra'ash*": "tremble/quake/shake", "*chul*": "writhe/twist/be in pain", "*qum*": "arise/stand/be established", "*machshevot*": "plans/thoughts/devices/designs", "*sum*": "put/place/set/make", "*shammah*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*me'eyn yoshev*": "without inhabitant/with no one dwelling" } }

  • 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.23", "source": "רָאִ֙יתִי֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִנֵּה־תֹ֖הוּ וָבֹ֑הוּ וְאֶל־הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וְאֵ֥ין אוֹרָֽם׃", "text": "*Rāʾîtî* the *ʾāreṣ*, and *hinnēh*-*tōhû* *wābōhû*; and to the *šāmayim* and *ʾēyn* their *ʾôrām*", "grammar": { "*Rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I saw/looked", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*tōhû*": "masculine singular noun - formlessness/chaos", "*wābōhû*": "masculine singular noun - emptiness/void", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun - heavens/sky", "*ʾēyn*": "particle of negation - there is no", "*ʾôrām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their light" }, "variants": { "*Rāʾîtî*": "saw/looked at/observed", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/world", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*tōhû*": "formlessness/chaos/waste", "*wābōhû*": "emptiness/void/waste", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky/firmament", "*ʾôrām*": "their light/brightness/illumination" } }

  • 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.24.1", "source": "לְדָוִ֗ד מִ֫זְמ֥וֹר לַֽ֭יהוָה הָאָ֣רֶץ וּמְלוֹאָ֑הּ תֵּ֝בֵ֗ל וְיֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ׃", "text": "To *Dāwid* *mizmôr*. To *YHWH* the *ʾereṣ* and *mĕlôʾāh*; *tēbēl* and *yōšĕbê* in it.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine - David", "*mizmôr*": "noun, masculine singular - psalm/song", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*mĕlôʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its fullness", "*tēbēl*": "noun, feminine singular - world/inhabited earth", "*yōšĕbê*": "participle, masculine plural construct - dwellers of/inhabitants of", "וּ": "conjunction - and", "וְ": "conjunction - and", "בָֽהּ": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*mizmôr*": "psalm/melody/song", "*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory", "*mĕlôʾāh*": "its fullness/all it contains", "*tēbēl*": "world/inhabited earth/inhabited land" } }

  • 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.3", "source": "כִּ֣י עָלָה֩ עָלֶ֨יהָ גּ֜וֹי מִצָּפ֗וֹן הֽוּא־יָשִׁ֤ית אֶת־אַרְצָהּ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בָּ֑הּ מֵאָדָ֥ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֖ה נָ֥דוּ הָלָֽכוּ׃", "text": "For *ʿālâ* against-her *gôy* from-*ṣāpôn* he-*yāšît* *ʾet*-*ʾarṣāh* to-*šammâ* and-not-*yihyê* *yôšēb* in-her from-*ʾādām* and-unto-*bĕhēmâ* *nādû* *hālākû*.", "grammar": { "*ʿālâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - comes up/ascends/advances", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation/people", "*ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north", "*yāšît*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will make/set/place", "*ʾarṣāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her land", "*šammâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste", "*yihyê*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - one dwelling/inhabitant", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind/human", "*bĕhēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/cattle/animal", "*nādû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they flee/wander", "*hālākû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they go/walk/depart" }, "variants": { "*ʿālâ*": "comes up/ascends/advances/attacks", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*šammâ*": "desolation/waste/horror/astonishment", "*nādû*": "they flee/wander/depart" } }

  • 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.13.13", "source": "עַל־כֵּן֙ שָׁמַ֣יִם אַרְגִּ֔יז וְתִרְעַ֥שׁ הָאָ֖רֶץ מִמְּקוֹמָ֑הּ בְּעֶבְרַת֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וּבְי֖וֹם חֲר֥וֹן אַפּֽוֹ׃", "text": "Therefore *šāmayim* *ʾargîz* *wə*-*tirʿaš* the-*ʾāreṣ* from-*məqômāh* in-*ʿeḇraṯ* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* *û*-in-*yôm* *ḥărôn* *ʾappô*", "grammar": { "*ʿal-kēn*": "conjunction - therefore/on account of this", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - heavens", "*ʾargîz*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will make tremble", "*wəṯirʿaš*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and will shake", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the earth/land", "*mimməqômāh*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - from her place", "*bəʿeḇraṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular, construct - in the wrath of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, masculine, plural - hosts/armies", "*ûḇəyôm*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine, singular, construct - and in the day of", "*ḥărôn*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - burning of", "*ʾappô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger/nostril" }, "variants": { "*ʾargîz*": "I will make tremble/cause to quake/shake", "*tirʿaš*": "will shake/quake/tremble", "*məqômāh*": "her place/her position/her site", "*ʿeḇraṯ*": "wrath/fury/rage/overflow", "*ḥărôn ʾappô*": "burning of his anger/heat of his nostril/his fierce wrath" } }

  • 4 { "verseID": "Micah.2.4", "source": "בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִשָּׂא עֲלֵיכֶם מָשָׁל וְנָהָה נְהִי נִהְיָה אָמַר שָׁדוֹד נְשַׁדֻּנוּ חֵלֶק עַמִּי יָמִיר אֵיךְ יָמִישׁ לִי לְשׁוֹבֵב שָׂדֵינוּ יְחַלֵּק", "text": "In-the-*yôm* the-*hûʾ* *yiśśāʾ* upon-you-all *māšāl* *wənāhāh* *nəhî* *nihəyāh* *ʾāmar* *šāḏôḏ* *nəšaddunû* *ḥēleq* *ʿammî* *yāmîr* how *yāmîš* to-me *ləšôḇēḇ* *śāḏênû* *yəḥallēq*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*yiśśāʾ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be lifted up/taken up", "*māšāl*": "noun, masculine singular - proverb/parable/taunt", "*wənāhāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will lament", "*nəhî*": "noun, masculine singular - lamentation/wailing", "*nihəyāh*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it has happened/occurred", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*šāḏôḏ*": "infinitive absolute - utterly devastated", "*nəšaddunû*": "verb, pual perfect, 1st plural - we are devastated", "*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion of", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my people", "*yāmîr*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he exchanges/changes", "*yāmîš*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he removes/takes away", "*ləšôḇēḇ*": "preposition + verb, polel infinitive construct - to restore/return", "*śāḏênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st plural suffix - our fields", "*yəḥallēq*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he divides/apportions" }, "variants": { "*māšāl*": "proverb/parable/taunt/byword", "*nəhî*": "lamentation/wailing/mourning", "*šāḏôḏ*": "utterly devastated/despoiled/ruined", "*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/territory", "*yāmîr*": "exchanges/changes/substitutes", "*yāmîš*": "removes/takes away/withdraws", "*ləšôḇēḇ*": "to restore/return/bring back", "*yəḥallēq*": "divides/apportions/distributes" } }

  • 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.2", "source": "כֹּה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתֶּ֣ם רְאִיתֶ֗ם אֵ֤ת כָּל־הָֽרָעָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הֵבֵ֙אתִי֙ עַל־יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְעַ֖ל כָּל־עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה וְהִנָּ֤ם חָרְבָּה֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה וְאֵ֥ין בָּהֶ֖ם יוֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH ṣebāʾôt* *ʾĕlōhê yiśrāʾēl* you *reʾîtem* *ʾēt* all the *rāʿāh* which *hēbēʾtî* upon *yerûšālaim* and-upon all *ʿārê yehûdāh* and-behold-them *ḥorbāh* the *yôm* the-this and-*ʾên* in-them *yôšēb*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "perfect verb, 3rd singular, masculine - said/declared", "*YHWH ṣebāʾôt*": "divine name with construct noun - YHWH of hosts/armies", "*ʾĕlōhê yiśrāʾēl*": "construct chain - God of Israel", "*reʾîtem*": "perfect verb, 2nd plural - you have seen", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*rāʿāh*": "definite noun, feminine singular - evil/calamity/disaster", "*hēbēʾtî*": "hiphil perfect verb, 1st singular - I brought/caused to come", "*yerûšālaim*": "proper noun with preposition *ʿal* - upon Jerusalem", "*ʿārê yehûdāh*": "construct chain with preposition *ʿal* - upon cities of Judah", "*ḥorbāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste", "*yôm*": "definite noun with demonstrative adjective - this day", "*ʾên*": "negative particle of existence - there is not", "*yôšēb*": "participle, masculine singular - dweller/inhabitant" }, "variants": { "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune/distress", "*ḥorbāh*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*yôšēb*": "dweller/inhabitant/resident" } }

  • 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.35.14", "source": "כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה כִּשְׂמֹ֙חַ֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ שְׁמָמָ֖ה אֶעֱשֶׂה־לָּֽךְ׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *ʾĂdōnāy* *YHWH*: as *kiśmōaḥ* all-the *hāʾāreṣ*, *šəmāmâ* I will *ʾeʿĕśeh*-to you.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he says", "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*kiśmōaḥ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - as rejoicing", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "article + noun feminine singular - the earth/land", "*šəmāmâ*": "noun feminine singular - desolation", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will make" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "says/speaks/declares", "*kiśmōaḥ*": "as rejoicing/when rejoicing/according to the rejoicing", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/land/world", "*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "I will make/do/cause" } }

  • 37 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.37", "source": "וְנָדַ֖מּוּ נְא֣וֹת הַשָּׁל֑וֹם מִפְּנֵ֖י חֲר֥וֹן אַף־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *nādammû* *nəʾôt* *haššālôm* from-*pənê* *ḥărôn* *ʾap̄*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*nādammû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are silenced", "*nəʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - pastures of", "*haššālôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the peace", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*ḥărôn*": "noun, masculine singular - burning/fierceness", "*ʾap̄*": "noun, masculine singular - anger/nose", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name" }, "variants": { "*nādammû*": "they are silenced/brought to silence/devastated/destroyed", "*nəʾôt*": "pastures/habitations/homes", "*haššālôm*": "the peace/peaceful/tranquil", "*pənê*": "face/presence/because of", "*ḥărôn*": "burning/fierceness/heat", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/wrath/nose" } }

  • 8 { "verseID": "Amos.8.8", "source": "הַ֤עַל זֹאת֙ לֹֽא־תִרְגַּ֣ז הָאָ֔רֶץ וְאָבַ֖ל כָּל־יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בָּ֑הּ וְעָלְתָ֤ה כָאֹר֙ כֻּלָּ֔הּ וְנִגְרְשָׁ֥ה *ונשקה **וְנִשְׁקְעָ֖ה כִּיא֥וֹר מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "On *haʿal* this not *tirgaz* the *ʾāreṣ* and *ʾābal* all *yôšēb* in her and *ʿāltâ* like the *ʾōr* all of her and *nigrəšâ* and *nišqəʿâ* like *kîʾôr* *miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*ha-*": "interrogative particle - is not?", "*ʿal zōʾt*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun - on account of this", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tirgaz*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will quake/tremble", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land/earth", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾābal*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - mourn", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular construct - inhabitant/dweller of", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her", "*ʿāltâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - will rise", "*ḵāʾōr*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like the Nile", "*kullāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - all of it", "*nigrəšâ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - will be tossed/driven", "*nišqəʿâ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - will sink/subside", "*kîʾôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like the river of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*tirgaz*": "will quake/will tremble/will be agitated", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*ʾābal*": "mourn/lament", "*yôšēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*ʿāltâ*": "will rise/will go up/will swell", "*ʾōr*": "Nile/river/flood", "*nigrəšâ*": "will be tossed/will be driven/will be agitated", "*nišqəʿâ*": "will sink/will subside", "*kîʾôr*": "like the river of/like the Nile of" } }

  • 14 { "verseID": "Zechariah.7.14", "source": "וְאֵ֣סָעֲרֵ֗ם עַ֤ל כָּל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּם וְהָאָ֙רֶץ֙ נָשַׁ֣מָּה אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם מֵֽעֹבֵ֖ר וּמִשָּׁ֑ב וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ אֶֽרֶץ־חֶמְדָּ֖ה לְשַׁמָּֽה׃ פ", "text": "And *wə-ʾēsāʿărēm* upon all the *gôyim* which not *yəḏāʿûm*, and the *hāʾāreṣ* *nāšammāh* *ʾaḥărêhem* from *mēʿōḇēr* and from *miššāḇ*. And *wa-yāśîmû* *ʾereṣ-ḥemdāh* to *šammāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēsāʿărēm*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 1st common singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I will scatter them", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*yəḏāʿûm*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - they knew them", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*nāšammāh*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - was desolate/was devastated", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them", "*mēʿōḇēr*": "preposition + qal participle, masculine singular - from passing", "*miššāḇ*": "preposition + qal participle, masculine singular - from returning", "*wa-yāśîmû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they made/placed", "*ʾereṣ-ḥemdāh*": "noun, feminine singular + noun, feminine singular - land of desire/pleasant land", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste" }, "variants": { "*wə-ʾēsāʿărēm*": "and I will scatter them/and I will storm them away/and I will whirl them", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*nāšammāh*": "was desolate/was deserted/was devastated", "*mēʿōḇēr ûmiššāḇ*": "from passing and from returning/from coming and going (idiom for all traffic)", "*ʾereṣ-ḥemdāh*": "pleasant land/desirable land/delightful land", "*šammāh*": "desolation/waste/astonishment" } }

  • 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.45.4", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ תֹּאמַ֣ר אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנֵּ֤ה אֲשֶׁר־בָּנִ֙יתִי֙ אֲנִ֣י הֹרֵ֔ס וְאֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־נָטַ֖עְתִּי אֲנִ֣י נֹתֵ֑שׁ וְאֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֖רֶץ הִֽיא׃", "text": "Thus *tōʾmar* to-him thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* behold which-*bānîtî* I *hōrēs* and-*ʾēt* which-*nāṭaʿtî* I *nōtēš* and-*ʾet*-all-the-*ʾāreṣ* it.", "grammar": { "*tōʾmar*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*bānîtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I built", "*hōrēs*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - tearing down/destroying", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*nāṭaʿtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I planted", "*nōtēš*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - plucking up/uprooting", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land/earth" }, "variants": { "*tōʾmar*": "you shall say/speak/tell", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*bānîtî*": "I built/established", "*hōrēs*": "tearing down/destroying/demolishing", "*nāṭaʿtî*": "I planted/established", "*nōtēš*": "plucking up/uprooting/pulling out", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/country" } }

  • 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.22.29", "source": "׃22 29 אֶ֥רֶץ אֶ֖רֶץ אָ֑רֶץ שִׁמְעִ֖י דְּבַר־יְהוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*ʾEreṣ* *ʾereṣ* *ʾāreṣ*, *šimʿî* *dᵉbar-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ʾereṣ ʾereṣ ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular (repeated three times) - land, land, land", "*šimʿî*": "imperative, feminine singular, qal - hear", "*dᵉbar-YHWH*": "noun, masculine singular construct + divine name - word of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šimʿî*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dᵉbar*": "word/matter/saying" } }

  • 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.22", "source": "וְלֹֽא־יוּכַל֩ יְהוָ֨ה ע֜וֹד לָשֵׂ֗את מִפְּנֵי֙ רֹ֣עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֥י הַתּוֹעֵבֹ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם וַתְּהִ֣י אַ֠רְצְכֶם לְחָרְבָּ֨ה וּלְשַׁמָּ֧ה וְלִקְלָלָ֛ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵׁ֖ב כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*wəlōʾ-yûkal YHWH ʿôd lāśēʾt mippənê rōaʿ maʿalələkem mippənê hattôʿēbōt ʾăšer ʿăśîtem*, *wattəhî ʾarṣəkem ləḥorbāh ûləšammāh wəliqlālāh mēʾên yôšēb* as *hayyôm hazzeh*.", "grammar": { "*wəlōʾ-yûkal*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he could not", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/anymore/yet", "*lāśēʾt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to bear/endure", "*mippənê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - from before/because of", "*rōaʿ*": "noun masculine singular construct - evil of", "*maʿalələkem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your deeds", "*hattôʿēbōt*": "definite article + noun feminine plural - the abominations", "*ʿăśîtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you did", "*wattəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - and it became", "*ʾarṣəkem*": "noun feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your land", "*ləḥorbāh*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - to desolation", "*ûləšammāh*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular - and to horror/waste", "*wəliqlālāh*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular - and to curse", "*mēʾên*": "preposition + construct particle - from without", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle masculine singular - dweller/inhabitant", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*yûkal*": "was able/could/had power", "*lāśēʾt*": "to bear/endure/tolerate", "*rōaʿ*": "evil/wickedness/badness", "*maʿălāl*": "deeds/practices/actions", "*tôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable thing/abhorrent practice", "*ḥorbāh*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*šammāh*": "horror/waste/astonishment", "*qəlālāh*": "curse/cursing/malediction" } }

  • 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.46.8", "source": "יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֣וֹת עִמָּ֑נוּ מִשְׂגָּֽב־לָ֝נוּ אֱלֹהֵ֖י יַעֲקֹ֣ב סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *ʿimmānû* *miśgāb*-to-us *ʾĕlōhê* *yaʿăqōb* *selāh*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*ʿimmānû*": "preposition with 1st person plural suffix - with us", "*miśgāb-lānû*": "masculine singular noun + preposition with 1st person plural suffix - stronghold for us", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper name - Jacob", "*selāh*": "musical notation/pause" }, "variants": { "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies", "*miśgāb*": "stronghold/high refuge/fortress", "*selāh*": "musical interlude/pause/lift up (uncertain meaning)" } }

  • 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.30.7", "source": "וְנָשַׁ֕מּוּ בְּת֖וֹךְ אֲרָצ֣וֹת נְשַׁמּ֑וֹת וְעָרָ֕יו בְּתוֹךְ־עָרִ֥ים נַחֲרָב֖וֹת תִּֽהְיֶֽינָה׃", "text": "*wə-nāšammû* *bə-tôḵ* *ʾărāṣôt* *nəšammôt* *wə-ʿārāyw* *bə-tôḵ*-*ʿārîm* *naḥărāḇôt* *tihyênāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-nāšammû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd plural - and they shall be desolate", "*bə-tôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*ʾărāṣôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - lands", "*nəšammôt*": "niphal participle, feminine plural - desolate", "*wə-ʿārāyw*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and its cities", "*bə-tôḵ*-*ʿārîm*": "preposition + noun construct + noun, feminine plural - in the midst of cities", "*naḥărāḇôt*": "niphal participle, feminine plural - ruined/devastated", "*tihyênāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be" }, "variants": { "*nāšammû*": "be desolate/waste/appalled", "*nəšammôt*": "desolate/waste/appalling", "*naḥărāḇôt*": "ruined/devastated/waste" } }

  • 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.18.16", "source": "לָשׂ֥וּם אַרְצָ֛ם לְשַׁמָּ֖ה *שרוקת **שְׁרִיק֣וֹת עוֹלָ֑ם כֹּ֚ל עוֹבֵ֣ר עָלֶ֔יהָ יִשֹּׁ֖ם וְיָנִ֥יד בְּרֹאשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "To *lāśûm* their land to *šammāh* *šĕrîqôt* *ʿôlām*; all who *ʿôbēr* by it *yiššōm* and *yānîd* his head", "grammar": { "*lāśûm*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to make/set", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/horror", "*šĕrîqôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - hissing/derision of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - forever/lasting", "*ʿôbēr*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - passing by", "*yiššōm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be appalled", "*yānîd*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will shake/wag" }, "variants": { "*lāśûm*": "to make/set/establish", "*šammāh*": "desolation/horror/waste", "*šĕrîqôt*": "hissing/derision/scorn", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/everlasting/perpetual", "*ʿôbēr*": "passing by/crossing over", "*yiššōm*": "will be appalled/astonished/horrified", "*yānîd*": "will shake/wag/nod" } }

  • 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.24", "source": "וְאָ֣מְר֔וּ עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָֽזְב֔וּ אֶת־בְּרִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁר֙ כָּרַ֣ת עִמָּ֔ם בְּהוֹצִיא֥וֹ אֹתָ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmᵉrû*: Because that *ʿāzᵉbû* *ʾet*-*bᵉrît* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăbōtām* that *kārat* with-them in-*hôṣîʾô* them from-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmᵉrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural consecutive - and they will say", "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they forsook", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bᵉrît*": "noun feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*kārat*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he cut", "*hôṣîʾô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bringing out", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "forsook/abandoned/left", "*bᵉrît*": "covenant/treaty/agreement", "*kārat*": "cut/made/established", "*hôṣîʾô*": "his bringing out/leading out" } }

  • 15 { "verseID": "Joel.1.15", "source": "אֲהָ֖הּ לַיּ֑וֹם כִּ֤י קָרוֹב֙ י֣וֹם יְהוָ֔ה וּכְשֹׁ֖ד מִשַׁדַּ֥י יָבֽוֹא׃", "text": "*ʾĂhāh* *layyôm* *kî* *qārôḇ* *yôm* *YHWH* *û*-*ḵəšōḏ* *miššadday* *yāḇôʾ*", "grammar": { "*ʾĂhāh*": "interjection - alas, ah", "*layyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for the day", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*qārôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - near", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ḵəšōḏ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like destruction", "*miššadday*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from the Almighty", "*yāḇôʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will come" }, "variants": { "*ʾĂhāh*": "alas/woe/ah", "*qārôḇ*": "near/imminent/at hand", "*šōḏ*": "destruction/devastation/ruin", "*šadday*": "Almighty/the powerful One", "*yāḇôʾ*": "it will come/it will arrive" } }

  • 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.23", "source": "כִּי כָלָה וְנֶחֱרָצָה אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה צְבָאוֹת עֹשֶׂה בְּקֶרֶב כָּל־הָאָרֶץ", "text": "*kî* *ḵālāh* *weneḥĕrāṣāh* *ʾădōnāy* *Yhwh* *ṣebāʾôt* *ʿōśeh* *beqereb* *kāl*-*hāʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḵālāh*": "noun, feminine singular - complete destruction", "*weneḥĕrāṣāh*": "waw conjunction + niphal participle, feminine singular - and decreed", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix used as divine title - the Lord", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ṣebāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - making/doing", "*beqereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in midst of", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ḵālāh*": "complete destruction/completion/annihilation", "*neḥĕrāṣāh*": "decreed/determined/decided", "*qereb*": "midst/inner part/interior" } }

  • 6 { "verseID": "Zephaniah.3.6", "source": "הִכְרַ֣תִּי גוֹיִ֗ם נָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙ פִּנּוֹתָ֔ם הֶחֱרַ֥בְתִּי חֽוּצוֹתָ֖ם מִבְּלִ֣י עוֹבֵ֑ר נִצְדּ֧וּ עָרֵיהֶ֛ם מִבְּלִי־אִ֖ישׁ מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵֽׁב", "text": "*hikrattî* *gôyim* *nāšammû* *pinnôtām* *heḥĕrabtî* *ḥûṣôtām* from *belî* *ʿôbēr*; *niṣdû* *ʿārêhem* from *belî*-*ʾîš* from *ʾên* *yôšēb*", "grammar": { "*hikrattî*": "hiphil perfect 1st singular - I cut off/destroyed", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*nāšammû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were desolated", "*pinnôtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their corner towers/strongholds", "*heḥĕrabtî*": "hiphil perfect 1st singular - I laid waste", "*ḥûṣôtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their streets", "*belî*": "negative particle with preposition - without", "*ʿôbēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - one passing by", "*niṣdû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were laid waste/desolated", "*ʿārêhem*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cities", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*ʾên*": "negative particle - there is not", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle masculine singular - inhabitant/one dwelling" }, "variants": { "*hikrattî*": "I cut off/destroyed/eliminated", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*nāšammû*": "were desolated/laid waste/destroyed", "*pinnôtām*": "their corner towers/strongholds/battlements", "*heḥĕrabtî*": "I laid waste/destroyed/made desolate", "*ḥûṣôtām*": "their streets/open places", "*belî*": "without/lacking", "*ʿôbēr*": "one passing by/traveler", "*niṣdû*": "were laid waste/desolated/destroyed", "*ʾîš*": "man/person", "*yôšēb*": "inhabitant/resident/dweller" } }

  • 28 { "verseID": "Job.15.28", "source": "וַיִּשְׁכּוֹן עָרִים נִכְחָדוֹת בָּתִּים לֹא־יֵשְׁבוּ לָמוֹ אֲשֶׁר הִתְעַתְּדוּ לְגַלִּים", "text": "*wayyiškôn* *ʿārîm* *niḵḥādôt* *bāttîm* *lōʾ-yēšḇû* *lāmô* *ʾăšer* *hitʿattədû* *ləḡallîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyiškôn*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he dwells", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*niḵḥādôt*": "niphal participle, feminine plural - desolate", "*bāttîm*": "noun, masculine plural - houses", "*lōʾ-yēšḇû*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they do not dwell", "*lāmô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*hitʿattədû*": "hithpael perfect, 3rd common plural - are ready", "*ləḡallîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - for ruins" }, "variants": { "*šāḵan*": "to dwell, abide, reside", "*ʿîr*": "city, town", "*kāḥad*": "to hide, conceal, desolate", "*bayit*": "house, dwelling, family", "*yāšaḇ*": "to sit, dwell, remain", "*ʿātad*": "to be ready, prepare", "*gal*": "heap, wave, spring" } }

  • 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.26.21", "source": "כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ יֹצֵ֣א מִמְּקוֹמ֔וֹ לִפְקֹ֛ד עֲוֺ֥ן יֹֽשֵׁב־הָאָ֖רֶץ עָלָ֑יו וְגִלְּתָ֤ה הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶת־דָּמֶ֔יהָ וְלֹֽא־תְכַסֶּ֥ה ע֖וֹד עַל־הֲרוּגֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "For behold *YHWH* *yōṣēʾ* from *meqômô* to *liṕqōd* *ʿăwōn* *yōšēb-hāʾāreṣ* upon him; and *gilletāh* *hāʾāreṣ* *ʾet-dāmeyhā*, and not *teḵasseh* anymore upon *hărûgeyhā*.", "grammar": { "*Kî-hinnēh*": "conjunction with demonstrative particle - 'for behold'", "*YHWH*": "divine name - 'YHWH'", "*yōṣēʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - 'coming out'", "*mimmeqômô*": "preposition with masculine singular noun and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'from his place'", "*liṕqōd*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - 'to visit/punish'", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - 'iniquity of'", "*yōšēb-hāʾāreṣ*": "qal participle masculine singular construct with definite article and feminine singular noun - 'inhabitant of the earth'", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'upon him'", "*wegilletāh*": "conjunction with piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular - 'and she will uncover'", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article with feminine singular noun - 'the earth'", "*ʾet-dāmeyhā*": "direct object marker with masculine plural noun and 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'her blood'", "*welōʾ-teḵasseh*": "conjunction with adverb of negation and piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - 'and she will not cover'", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - 'still/yet/anymore'", "*ʿal-hărûgeyhā*": "preposition with masculine plural passive participle and 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'upon her slain'" }, "variants": { "*yōṣēʾ*": "coming out/going forth/emerging/departing", "*liṕqōd*": "to visit/to punish/to attend to", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment/sin", "*gilletāh*": "uncover/reveal/disclose/expose", "*dāmeyhā*": "her blood/her bloodshed/her bloodguilt", "*teḵasseh*": "cover/hide/conceal", "*hărûgeyhā*": "her slain/her killed/her murdered" } }