14 {
"verseID": "Job.12.14",
"source": "הֵ֣ן יַ֭הֲרוֹס וְלֹ֣א יִבָּנֶ֑ה יִסְגֹּ֥ר עַל־אִ֝֗ישׁ וְלֹ֣א יִפָּתֵֽחַ׃",
"text": "*hēn* *yahărôs* *wə-lōʾ* *yibbāneh* *yisgōr* *ʿal-ʾîš* *wə-lōʾ* *yippātēaḥ*",
"grammar": {
"*hēn*": "interjection - behold",
"*yahărôs*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he tears down",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yibbāneh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be built",
"*yisgōr*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shuts/imprisons",
"*ʿal-ʾîš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - upon a man",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yippātēaḥ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be opened"
},
"variants": {
"*hēn*": "behold/see/lo",
"*yahărôs*": "tears down/demolishes/destroys",
"*yibbāneh*": "will be built/rebuilt",
"*yisgōr*": "shuts/imprisons/restrains",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person",
"*yippātēaḥ*": "will be opened/released"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Job.12.15",
"source": "הֵ֤ן יַעְצֹ֣ר בַּמַּ֣יִם וְיִבָ֑שׁוּ וִֽ֝ישַׁלְּחֵ֗ם וְיַ֖הַפְכוּ אָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "*hēn* *yaʿṣōr* *ba-mmayim* *wə-yibāšû* *wî-šalləḥēm* *wə-yahapkû* *ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*hēn*": "interjection - behold",
"*yaʿṣōr*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he withholds/restrains",
"*ba-mmayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - the waters",
"*wə-yibāšû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they dry up",
"*wî-šalləḥēm*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he sends them forth",
"*wə-yahapkû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they overturn",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿṣōr*": "withholds/restrains/holds back",
"*mayim*": "waters/water",
"*yibāšû*": "dry up/wither",
"*šalləḥēm*": "sends them forth/releases them",
"*yahapkû*": "overturn/overthrow/transform",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Job.12.16",
"source": "עִ֭מּוֹ עֹ֣ז וְתֽוּשִׁיָּ֑ה ל֝֗וֹ שֹׁגֵ֥ג וּמַשְׁגֶּֽה׃",
"text": "*ʿimmô* *ʿōz* *wə-tûšiyyâ* *lô* *šōgēg* *û-mašgeh*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿimmô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him",
"*ʿōz*": "noun, masculine singular - strength",
"*wə-tûšiyyâ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and sound wisdom",
"*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him",
"*šōgēg*": "qal participle, masculine singular - one who errs",
"*û-mašgeh*": "conjunction + hiphil participle, masculine singular - and one who causes to err"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿimmô*": "with him/in his possession",
"*ʿōz*": "strength/power/might",
"*tûšiyyâ*": "sound wisdom/success/effective wisdom",
"*šōgēg*": "one who errs/deceived one",
"*mašgeh*": "one who causes to err/deceiver"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Job.12.17",
"source": "מוֹלִ֣יךְ יוֹעֲצִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל וְֽשֹׁפְטִ֥ים יְהוֹלֵֽל׃",
"text": "*môlîk* *yôʿăṣîm* *šôlāl* *wə-šōpəṭîm* *yəhôlēl*",
"grammar": {
"*môlîk*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - leading",
"*yôʿăṣîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - counselors",
"*šôlāl*": "noun, masculine singular - stripped/barefoot/plundered",
"*wə-šōpəṭîm*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine plural - and judges",
"*yəhôlēl*": "poel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he makes fools"
},
"variants": {
"*môlîk*": "leads/brings/causes to walk",
"*yôʿăṣîm*": "counselors/advisors",
"*šôlāl*": "stripped/plundered/barefoot/captive",
"*šōpəṭîm*": "judges/rulers",
"*yəhôlēl*": "makes foolish/makes mad"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Job.12.18",
"source": "מוּסַ֣ר מְלָכִ֣ים פִּתֵּ֑חַ וַיֶּאְסֹ֥ר אֵ֝ז֗וֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "*mûsar* *məlākîm* *pittēaḥ* *wa-yeʾsōr* *ʾēzôr* *bə-mātnêhem*",
"grammar": {
"*mûsar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - bond of",
"*məlākîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings",
"*pittēaḥ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he loosens",
"*wa-yeʾsōr*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he binds",
"*ʾēzôr*": "noun, masculine singular - belt/waistcloth",
"*bə-mātnêhem*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in/on their loins"
},
"variants": {
"*mûsar*": "bond/discipline/correction",
"*məlākîm*": "kings/rulers",
"*pittēaḥ*": "loosens/unties/releases",
"*yeʾsōr*": "binds/ties/fastens",
"*ʾēzôr*": "belt/waistcloth/girdle",
"*mātnêhem*": "their loins/waists"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Job.12.19",
"source": "מוֹלִ֣יךְ כֹּהֲנִ֣ים שׁוֹלָ֑ל וְאֵ֖תָנִ֣ים יְסַלֵּֽף׃",
"text": "*môlîk* *kōhănîm* *šôlāl* *wə-ʾētānîm* *yəsallēp*",
"grammar": {
"*môlîk*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - leading",
"*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural - priests",
"*šôlāl*": "noun, masculine singular - stripped/barefoot/plundered",
"*wə-ʾētānîm*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine plural - and mighty ones",
"*yəsallēp*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he overthrows"
},
"variants": {
"*môlîk*": "leads/brings/causes to walk",
"*kōhănîm*": "priests/religious officials",
"*šôlāl*": "stripped/plundered/barefoot/captive",
"*ʾētānîm*": "mighty ones/established ones/powerful men",
"*yəsallēp*": "overthrows/subverts/perverts"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Job.12.20",
"source": "מֵסִ֣יר שָׂ֭פָה לְנֶאֱמָנִ֑ים וְטַ֖עַם זְקֵנִ֣ים יִקָּֽח׃",
"text": "*mēsîr* *śāpâ* *lə-neʾĕmānîm* *wə-ṭaʿam* *zəqēnîm* *yiqqāḥ*",
"grammar": {
"*mēsîr*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - removing",
"*śāpâ*": "noun, feminine singular - speech/lip",
"*lə-neʾĕmānîm*": "preposition + niphal participle, masculine plural - for trustworthy ones",
"*wə-ṭaʿam*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and judgment of",
"*zəqēnîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - elders",
"*yiqqāḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he takes away"
},
"variants": {
"*mēsîr*": "removes/takes away",
"*śāpâ*": "speech/lip/language",
"*neʾĕmānîm*": "trustworthy ones/trusted ones/faithful ones",
"*ṭaʿam*": "judgment/discernment/taste",
"*zəqēnîm*": "elders/old men",
"*yiqqāḥ*": "takes away/removes"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Job.12.21",
"source": "שׁוֹפֵ֣ךְ בּ֭וּז עַל־נְדִיבִ֑ים וּמְזִ֖יחַ אֲפִיקִ֣ים רִפָּֽה׃",
"text": "*šôpēk* *bûz* *ʿal-nədîbîm* *û-məzîaḥ* *ʾăpîqîm* *rippâ*",
"grammar": {
"*šôpēk*": "qal participle, masculine singular - pouring",
"*bûz*": "noun, masculine singular - contempt",
"*ʿal-nədîbîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - upon nobles",
"*û-məzîaḥ*": "conjunction + hiphil participle, masculine singular - and loosening",
"*ʾăpîqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - belts/restraints",
"*rippâ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he weakens"
},
"variants": {
"*šôpēk*": "pours/spills/sheds",
"*bûz*": "contempt/scorn/derision",
"*nədîbîm*": "nobles/princes/generous ones",
"*məzîaḥ*": "loosening/slackening",
"*ʾăpîqîm*": "belts/restraints/strength/mighty ones",
"*rippâ*": "weakens/relaxes"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Job.12.22",
"source": "מְגַלֶּ֣ה עֲ֭מֻקוֹת מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וַיֹּצֵ֖א לָא֣וֹר צַלְמָֽוֶת׃",
"text": "*məgalleh* *ʿămūqôt* *minnî-ḥōšek* *wa-yōṣēʾ* *lā-ʾôr* *ṣalmāwet*",
"grammar": {
"*məgalleh*": "piel participle, masculine singular - uncovering",
"*ʿămūqôt*": "adjective, feminine plural - deep things",
"*minnî-ḥōšek*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from darkness",
"*wa-yōṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he brings out",
"*lā-ʾôr*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the light",
"*ṣalmāwet*": "noun, masculine singular - deep darkness/shadow of death"
},
"variants": {
"*məgalleh*": "uncovers/reveals/discloses",
"*ʿămūqôt*": "deep things/depths/profound matters",
"*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity",
"*yōṣēʾ*": "brings out/produces",
"*ʾôr*": "light/daylight",
"*ṣalmāwet*": "deep darkness/shadow of death/gloom"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Job.12.23",
"source": "מַשְׂגִּ֣יא לַ֭גּוֹיִם וַֽיְאַבְּדֵ֑ם שֹׁטֵ֥חַ לַ֝גּוֹיִ֗ם וַיַּנְחֵֽם׃",
"text": "*maśgîʾ* *la-ggôyim* *wa-yəʾabbədēm* *šōṭēaḥ* *la-ggôyim* *wa-yanḥēm*",
"grammar": {
"*maśgîʾ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - making great",
"*la-ggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - to the nations",
"*wa-yəʾabbədēm*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he destroys them",
"*šōṭēaḥ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - spreading out",
"*la-ggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - to the nations",
"*wa-yanḥēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he leads them"
},
"variants": {
"*maśgîʾ*": "makes great/increases/enlarges",
"*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles",
"*yəʾabbədēm*": "destroys them/causes them to perish",
"*šōṭēaḥ*": "spreads out/expands/enlarges",
"*yanḥēm*": "leads them/guides them"
}
}