13{
"verseID": "Isaiah.28.13",
"source": "וְהָיָה לָהֶם דְּבַר־יְהוָה צַו לָצָו צַו לָצָו קַו לָקָו קַו לָקָו זְעֵיר שָׁם זְעֵיר שָׁם לְמַעַן יֵלְכוּ וְכָשְׁלוּ אָחוֹר וְנִשְׁבָּרוּ וְנוֹקְשׁוּ וְנִלְכָּדוּ",
"text": "*Wə-hāyāh* to-them *dəḇar*-*YHWH* *ṣaw* to-*ṣāw* *ṣaw* to-*ṣāw* *qaw* to-*qāw* *qaw* to-*qāw* *zəʿēyr* *šām* *zəʿēyr* *šām* so-that *yēləḵû* and-*ḵāšəlû* *ʾāḥôr* and-*nišbārû* and-*nôqəšû* and-*nilkāḏû*",
"grammar": {
"*Wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and will be",
"*dəḇar*": "masculine singular construct - word of",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ṣaw*": "masculine singular noun - command/precept",
"*ṣāw*": "masculine singular noun - command/precept",
"*qaw*": "masculine singular noun - line/measuring line",
"*qāw*": "masculine singular noun - line/measuring line",
"*zəʿēyr*": "masculine singular adjective - little",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*yēləḵû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will go",
"*ḵāšəlû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they stumble",
"*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward",
"*nišbārû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they are broken",
"*nôqəšû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they are snared",
"*nilkāḏû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they are caught"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣaw*": "command/precept/rule",
"*qaw*": "line/measuring line/rule",
"*zəʿēyr*": "little/a little/small amount",
"*yēləḵû*": "will go/will walk/will proceed",
"*ḵāšəlû*": "stumble/fall/stagger",
"*nišbārû*": "are broken/are shattered",
"*nôqəšû*": "are snared/are trapped",
"*nilkāḏû*": "are caught/are captured/are taken"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Isaiah.28.14",
"source": "לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּ דְבַר־יְהוָה אַנְשֵׁי לָצוֹן מֹשְׁלֵי הָעָם הַזֶּה אֲשֶׁר בִּירוּשָׁלִָם",
"text": "Therefore *šimʿû* *dəḇar*-*YHWH* *ʾanšēy* *lāṣôn* *mōšəlēy* *hāʿām* *hazzeh* *ʾăšer* in-*Yərûšālāim*",
"grammar": {
"*šimʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - hear",
"*dəḇar*": "masculine singular construct - word of",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ʾanšēy*": "masculine plural construct - men of",
"*lāṣôn*": "masculine singular noun - scorn/mockery",
"*mōšəlēy*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - rulers of",
"*hāʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people",
"*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*Yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾanšēy*": "men of/leaders of",
"*lāṣôn*": "scorn/mockery/scoffing",
"*mōšəlēy*": "rulers of/governors of"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Isaiah.28.15",
"source": "כִּי אֲמַרְתֶּם כָּרַתְנוּ בְרִית אֶת־מָוֶת וְעִם־שְׁאוֹל עָשִׂינוּ חֹזֶה שיט שׁוֹט שׁוֹטֵף כִּי־עבר יַעֲבֹר לֹא יְבוֹאֵנוּ כִּי שַׂמְנוּ כָזָב מַחְסֵנוּ וּבַשֶּׁקֶר נִסְתָּרְנוּ",
"text": "For *ʾămartem* *kāraṯnû* *ḇərîṯ* with-*māweṯ* and-with-*šəʾôl* *ʿāśînû* *ḥōzeh* *šôṭ* *šôṭēp̄* when-*yaʿăḇōr* not *yəḇôʾēnû* for *śamnû* *ḵāzāḇ* *maḥsēnû* and-in-*haššeqer* *nistārnû*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾămartem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have said",
"*kāraṯnû*": "qal perfect 1st common plural - we have cut",
"*ḇərîṯ*": "feminine singular noun - covenant",
"*māweṯ*": "masculine singular noun - death",
"*šəʾôl*": "feminine singular noun - Sheol/underworld",
"*ʿāśînû*": "qal perfect 1st common plural - we have made",
"*ḥōzeh*": "masculine singular noun - agreement/vision",
"*šôṭ*": "masculine singular noun - scourge/whip",
"*šôṭēp̄*": "qal participle masculine singular - overflowing",
"*yaʿăḇōr*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it passes",
"*yəḇôʾēnû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - it will come to us",
"*śamnû*": "qal perfect 1st common plural - we have made",
"*ḵāzāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - lie/falsehood",
"*maḥsēnû*": "masculine singular noun + 1st common plural suffix - our refuge",
"*haššeqer*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the falsehood",
"*nistārnû*": "niphal perfect 1st common plural - we have hidden ourselves"
},
"variants": {
"*kāraṯnû*": "we have cut/we have made",
"*ḇərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/treaty",
"*šəʾôl*": "Sheol/grave/underworld",
"*ḥōzeh*": "agreement/vision/contract",
"*šôṭ*": "scourge/whip/flood",
"*šôṭēp̄*": "overflowing/flooding/overwhelming",
"*maḥsēnû*": "our refuge/our shelter",
"*nistārnû*": "we have hidden ourselves/we have concealed ourselves"
}
}