Isaiah 32:16

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.32.16", "source": "וְשָׁכַ֥ן בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה בַּכַּרְמֶ֥ל תֵּשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "And-*šākan* in-the-*midbār* *mišpāṭ* and-*ṣədāqâ* in-the-*karmel* *yāšab*.", "grammar": { "*šākan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - then will dwell", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun - wilderness, desert", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - justice, judgment", "*ṣədāqâ*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness", "*karmel*": "masculine singular noun - fruitful field, garden-land", "*yāšab*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will dwell, remain" }, "variants": { "*šākan*": "to dwell/abide/reside", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/legal decision", "*ṣədāqâ*": "righteousness/rightness/justice", "*karmel*": "fruitful field/garden-land/orchard", "*yāšab*": "to dwell/sit/remain" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְשָׁכַ֥ן בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה בַּכַּרְמֶ֥ל תֵּשֵֽׁב׃

Transliteration

And-šākan in-the-midbār mišpāṭ and-ṣədāqâ in-the-karmel yāšab.

Grammar Details

• *šākan*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - then will dwell
• *midbār*: masculine singular noun - wilderness, desert
• *mišpāṭ*: masculine singular noun - justice, judgment
• *ṣədāqâ*: feminine singular noun - righteousness
• *karmel*: masculine singular noun - fruitful field, garden-land
• *yāšab*: qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will dwell, remain

Word Meanings

• *šākan*: to dwell/abide/reside
• *midbār*: wilderness/desert/uninhabited land
• *mišpāṭ*: justice/judgment/legal decision
• *ṣədāqâ*: righteousness/rightness/justice
• *karmel*: fruitful field/garden-land/orchard
• *yāšab*: to dwell/sit/remain

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Then justice will dwell in the wilderness, and righteousness will reside in the fertile field.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then judgment shall dwell in the wilderness, and righteousness remain in the fruitful field.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Then justice shall dwell in the wilderness, and righteousness remain in the fruitful field.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then judgment shall dwell in the wilderness, and righteousness remain in the fruitful field.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then justice{H4941} shall dwell{H7931} in the wilderness;{H4057} and righteousness{H6666} shall abide{H3427} in the fruitful field.{H3759}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then judgment{H4941} shall dwell{H7931}{(H8804)} in the wilderness{H4057}, and righteousness{H6666} remain{H3427}{(H8799)} in the fruitful field{H3759}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then shal equyte dwel in the deserte, and rightuousnesse in a fruteful londe.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And iudgement shal dwel in the desert, and iustice shall remaine in the fruitfull fielde.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then shall equitie dwell in the desert, and righteousnesse in a fruitfull lande.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then judgment shall dwell in the wilderness, and righteousness remain in the fruitful field.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Then justice shall dwell in the wilderness; and righteousness shall abide in the fruitful field.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And dwelt in the wilderness hath judgment, And righteousness in the fruitful field remaineth.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then justice shall dwell in the wilderness; and righteousness shall abide in the fruitful field.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then justice shall dwell in the wilderness; and righteousness shall abide in the fruitful field.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then in the waste land there will be an upright rule, and righteousness will have its place in the fertile field.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Then justice will dwell in the wilderness; and righteousness will remain in the fruitful field.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Justice will settle down in the wilderness and fairness will live in the orchard.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 94:14-15 : 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.94.14", "source": "כִּ֤י ׀ לֹא־יִטֹּ֣שׁ יְהוָ֣ה עַמּ֑וֹ וְ֝נַחֲלָת֗וֹ לֹ֣א יַעֲזֹֽב", "text": "For not-*yiṭṭōš* *YHWH* *ʿammô* *wə-naḥălātô* not *yaʿăzōb*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ-yiṭṭōš*": "negative particle + verb, qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will not abandon", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person, masculine, singular pronominal suffix - his people", "*wə-naḥălātô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, singular + 3rd person, masculine, singular pronominal suffix - and his inheritance/heritage", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaʿăzōb*": "verb, qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will forsake" }, "variants": { "*yiṭṭōš*": "abandon/forsake/cast off", "*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation", "*naḥălātô*": "his inheritance/his heritage/his possession", "*yaʿăzōb*": "forsake/abandon/leave" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.94.15", "source": "כִּֽי־עַד־צֶ֭דֶק יָשׁ֣וּב מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וְ֝אַחֲרָ֗יו כָּל־יִשְׁרֵי־לֵֽב", "text": "For unto-*ṣedeq* *yāšûb* *mišpāṭ* *wə-ʾaḥărāyw* all-*yišrê*-*lēb*", "grammar": { "*kî-ʿad*": "conjunction + preposition - for unto", "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine, singular - righteousness/justice", "*yāšûb*": "verb, qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it will return", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular - judgment/justice", "*wə-ʾaḥărāyw*": "conjunction + preposition + 3rd person, masculine, singular pronominal suffix - and after it", "*kol-yišrê-lēb*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct + adjective, masculine, plural, construct + noun, masculine, singular - all upright of heart" }, "variants": { "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*yāšûb*": "will return/will turn back", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/verdict", "*yišrê-lēb*": "upright of heart/those with honest hearts" } }
• Isa 35:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.35.8", "source": "וְהָיָה־שָׁ֞ם מַסְל֣וּל וָדֶ֗רֶךְ וְדֶ֤רֶךְ הַקֹּ֙דֶשׁ֙ יִקָּ֣רֵא לָ֔הּ לֹֽא־יַעַבְרֶ֥נּוּ טָמֵ֖א וְהוּא־לָ֑מוֹ הֹלֵ֥ךְ דֶּ֛רֶךְ וֶאֱוִילִ֖ים לֹ֥א יִתְעֽוּ׃", "text": "*wə*-*hāyāh*-*šām* *maslûl* *wā*-*derek* *wə*-*derek* *ha-qōdeš* *yiqqārēʾ* *lāh* *lōʾ*-*yaʿabrennû* *ṭāmēʾ* *wə*-*hûʾ*-*lāmô* *hōlēk* *derek* *we*-*ʾĕwîlîm* *lōʾ* *yitʿû*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*hāyāh*-*šām*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal + adverb - and there will be there", "*maslûl*": "masculine singular noun - highway", "*wā*-*derek*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and way/road", "*wə*-*derek*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and way of", "*ha-qōdeš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the holiness", "*yiqqārēʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Niphal - it will be called", "*lāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to it", "*lōʾ*-*yaʿabrennû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal with 3rd masculine singular suffix - shall not pass over it", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "masculine singular adjective - unclean", "*wə*-*hûʾ*-*lāmô*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and it is for them", "*hōlēk*": "Qal active participle, masculine singular - one walking", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun - way/road", "*we*-*ʾĕwîlîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and fools", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yitʿû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Qal - will go astray" }, "variants": { "*maslûl*": "highway/raised way", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/sacredness/consecration", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean/impure/defiled", "*ʾĕwîlîm*": "fools/foolish ones" } }
• Isa 42:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.42.4", "source": "לֹ֤א יִכְהֶה֙ וְלֹ֣א יָר֔וּץ עַד־יָשִׂ֥ים בָּאָ֖רֶץ מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וּלְתוֹרָת֖וֹ אִיִּ֥ים יְיַחֵֽילוּ׃ פ", "text": "*lōʾ* *yiḵheh* *wəlōʾ* *yārûṣ* *ʿaḏ*-*yāśîm* *bāʾāreṣ* *mišpāṭ* *ûlətôrāṯô* *ʾîyîm* *yeyaḥêlû*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiḵheh*": "3rd person masculine singular qal imperfect verb - he will grow dim/faint", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yārûṣ*": "3rd person masculine singular qal imperfect verb - he will be crushed/broken", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*yāśîm*": "3rd person masculine singular qal imperfect verb - he establishes", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the earth/land", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment", "*ûlətôrāṯô*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and for his law/instruction", "*ʾîyîm*": "noun, masculine plural - coastlands/islands", "*yeyaḥêlû*": "3rd person masculine plural piel imperfect verb - they will wait/hope" }, "variants": { "*yiḵheh*": "will grow dim/will become faint/will fail", "*yārûṣ*": "will be broken/will be crushed/will fail", "*yāśîm*": "establishes/places/sets", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "in the earth/in the land/on earth", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right/ordinance", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*ʾîyîm*": "coastlands/islands/distant shores", "*yeyaḥêlû*": "will wait for/will hope in/will expect" } }
• Isa 56:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.6", "source": "וּבְנֵ֣י הַנֵּכָ֗ר הַנִּלְוִ֤ים עַל־יְהוָה֙ לְשָׁ֣רְת֔וֹ וּֽלְאַהֲבָה֙ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה לִהְי֥וֹת ל֖וֹ לַעֲבָדִ֑ים כָּל־שֹׁמֵ֤ר שַׁבָּת֙ מֵֽחַלְּל֔וֹ וּמַחֲזִיקִ֖ים בִּבְרִיתִֽי׃", "text": "And *bĕnê* *hannēkār* *hannilwîm* unto-*YHWH* *lĕšārĕtô* and *lĕʾahăbāh* [obj]-*šēm* *YHWH*, *lihyôt* to-him *laʿăbādîm*, all-*šōmēr* *šabbāt* from-*ḥallĕlô* and *maḥăzîqîm* in-*bĕrîtî*.", "grammar": { "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct noun - sons of", "*hannēkār*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the foreigner/stranger", "*hannilwîm*": "definite article with niphal participle, masculine plural - the ones joining/attaching", "*ʿal*": "preposition - unto/upon/to", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*lĕšārĕtô*": "preposition with piel infinitive construct and 3rd masculine singular suffix - to serve/minister to him", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*lĕʾahăbāh*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to love", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct noun - name of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*lihyôt*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to be/become", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*laʿăbādîm*": "preposition with masculine plural noun - as servants", "*kol*": "noun, construct state - all of/every", "*šōmēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - keeping/guarding/observing", "*šabbāt*": "feminine singular noun - sabbath/rest", "*mē*": "preposition - from", "*ḥallĕlô*": "piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - profaning/defiling it", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*maḥăzîqîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - holding fast/strengthening/grasping", "*bibrîtî*": "preposition with feminine singular noun and 1st person singular suffix - in my covenant" }, "variants": { "*bĕnê hannēkār*": "sons of foreigners/strangers/foreign-born", "*hannilwîm*": "the ones who join/attach/accompany", "*lĕšārĕtô*": "to serve him/minister to him/attend to him", "*lĕʾahăbāh*": "to love/cherish", "*lihyôt lô laʿăbādîm*": "to be to him for servants/to be his servants", "*šōmēr*": "keeping/guarding/watching/preserving", "*maḥăzîqîm*": "holding fast to/strengthening/grasping" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.7", "source": "וַהֲבִיאוֹתִ֞ים אֶל־הַ֣ר קָדְשִׁ֗י וְשִׂמַּחְתִּים֙ בְּבֵ֣ית תְּפִלָּתִ֔י עוֹלֹתֵיהֶ֧ם וְזִבְחֵיהֶ֛ם לְרָצ֖וֹן עַֽל־מִזְבְּחִ֑י כִּ֣י בֵיתִ֔י בֵּית־תְּפִלָּ֥ה יִקָּרֵ֖א לְכָל־הָעַמִּֽים׃", "text": "And *hăbîʾôtîm* unto-*har* *qodšî* and *śimmaḥtîm* in-*bêt* *tĕpillātî*; *ʿôlōtêhem* and *zibḥêhem* for-*rāṣôn* upon-*mizbĕḥî*, for *bêtî* *bêt*-*tĕpillāh* *yiqqārēʾ* to-all-*hāʿammîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hăbîʾôtîm*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will bring them", "*ʾel*": "preposition - unto/to", "*har*": "masculine singular construct noun - mountain of", "*qodšî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my holiness/holy place", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*śimmaḥtîm*": "piel perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will make them rejoice", "*bĕbêt*": "preposition with masculine singular construct noun - in house of", "*tĕpillātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my prayer", "*ʿôlōtêhem*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their burnt offerings", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*zibḥêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sacrifices", "*lĕrāṣôn*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - for acceptance/favor", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*mizbĕḥî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my altar", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bêtî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my house", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*tĕpillāh*": "feminine singular noun - prayer", "*yiqqārēʾ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be called", "*lĕkol*": "preposition with noun, construct state - for all of", "*hāʿammîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the peoples/nations" }, "variants": { "*har qodšî*": "my holy mountain/my holy hill/mountain of my holiness", "*bêt tĕpillātî*": "house of my prayer/my prayer house", "*ʿôlōtêhem*": "their burnt offerings/holocausts", "*zibḥêhem*": "their sacrifices/offerings", "*lĕrāṣôn*": "for acceptance/favor/goodwill/pleasure", "*bêt-tĕpillāh*": "house of prayer/prayer house" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.8", "source": "נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה מְקַבֵּ֖ץ נִדְחֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל ע֛וֹד אֲקַבֵּ֥ץ עָלָ֖יו לְנִקְבָּצָֽיו׃", "text": "*nĕʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *mĕqabbēṣ* *niddĕḥê* *Yiśrāʾēl*: yet *ʾăqabbēṣ* upon-him to-*niqbāṣāyw*.", "grammar": { "*nĕʾum*": "masculine singular construct noun - declaration of/oracle of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "title/lord - Lord/my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*mĕqabbēṣ*": "piel participle, masculine singular construct - gathering/collecting", "*niddĕḥê*": "niphal participle, masculine plural construct - outcasts of/dispersed of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/again", "*ʾăqabbēṣ*": "piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will gather/collect", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him/to him", "*lĕniqbāṣāyw*": "preposition with niphal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his gathered ones" }, "variants": { "*nĕʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*mĕqabbēṣ*": "gathering/collecting/assembling", "*niddĕḥê*": "outcasts/dispersed/banished ones/scattered ones", "*ʿôd*": "still/yet/again/furthermore", "*ʾăqabbēṣ*": "I will gather/collect/assemble", "*lĕniqbāṣāyw*": "to his gathered ones/assembled ones/collected ones" } }
• Isa 60:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.21", "source": "וְעַמֵּךְ֙ כֻּלָּ֣ם צַדִּיקִ֔ים לְעוֹלָ֖ם יִ֣ירְשׁוּ אָ֑רֶץ נֵ֧צֶר *מטעו **מַטָּעַ֛י מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יָדַ֖י לְהִתְפָּאֵֽר", "text": "And your *ʿammēk* all of them *ṣaddîqîm*, to *ʿôlām* they will *yîrĕšû* *ʾāreṣ*, *nēṣer* *maṭṭāʿay* *maʿăśēh* of my *yāday* to *hitpāʾēr*.", "grammar": { "*ʿammēk*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your people", "*ṣaddîqîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural, absolute - righteous ones", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute - everlasting/eternity", "*yîrĕšû*": "verb, qal, imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will possess/inherit", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, absolute - land/earth", "*nēṣer*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - branch/sprout", "*maṭṭāʿay*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct with 1st person singular suffix - my planting", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - work/deed", "*yāday*": "noun, feminine, dual, construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hands", "*hitpāʾēr*": "verb, hithpael, infinitive construct - to glorify oneself/to be glorified" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîqîm*": "righteous ones/just ones", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/everlasting/eternal", "*yîrĕšû*": "they will possess/they will inherit/they will occupy", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*nēṣer*": "branch/sprout/shoot", "*maṭṭāʿay*": "my planting/my plantation/what I have planted", "*hitpāʾēr*": "to glorify oneself/to be glorified/to show glory" } }
• Hos 3:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Hosea.3.5", "source": "אַחַ֗ר יָשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּבִקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת דָּוִ֣ד מַלְכָּ֑ם וּפָחֲד֧וּ אֶל־יְהוָ֛ה וְאֶל־טוּב֖וֹ בְּאַחֲרִ֥ית הַיָּמִֽים׃", "text": "Afterward *yāšubû* sons-of *Yiśrāʾēl* and-*biqšû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem* and-*ʾēt* *Dāwid* *malkām* and-*pāḥădû* to-*YHWH* and-to-*ṭûbô* in-*ʾaḥărît* the-*hayyāmîm*.", "grammar": { "*yāšubû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will return", "*biqšû*": "piel perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - they will seek", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix, masculine plural - their God", "*malkām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix, masculine singular - their king", "*pāḥădû*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - they will fear/tremble", "*ṭûbô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix, masculine singular - his goodness", "*ʾaḥărît*": "noun construct, feminine singular - end of/latter part of", "*hayyāmîm*": "noun with definite article, masculine plural - the days" }, "variants": { "*yāšubû*": "they will return/repent/turn back", "*biqšû*": "they will seek/search for/inquire of", "*pāḥădû*": "they will fear/tremble/come in awe/be in dread of", "*ṭûbô*": "his goodness/prosperity/blessing/favor", "*ʾaḥărît hayyāmîm*": "latter days/end of days/future time/latter times" } }
• 1 Cor 6:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.6.9", "source": "Ἢ οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἄδικοι βασιλείαν Θεοῦ οὐ κληρονομήσουσιν; Μὴ πλανᾶσθε: οὔτε πόρνοι, οὔτε εἰδωλολάτραι, οὔτε μοιχοὶ, οὔτε μαλακοὶ, οὔτε ἀρσενοκοῖται,", "text": "Or not *oidate* that *adikoi* *basileian* *Theou* not *klēronomēsousin*? Not *planasthe*: neither *pornoi*, nor *eidōlolatrai*, nor *moichoi*, nor *malakoi*, nor *arsenokoitai*,", "grammar": { "*Ē*": "disjunctive particle - or", "*ouk oidate*": "negative + perfect indicative, 2nd plural - you do not know", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*adikoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - unrighteous", "*basileian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*ou klēronomēsousin*": "negative + future indicative, active, 3rd plural - will not inherit", "*Mē planasthe*": "negative + present imperative, passive, 2nd plural - do not be deceived", "*oute*": "negative conjunctive particle - neither/nor", "*pornoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fornicators/sexually immoral", "*eidōlolatrai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - idolaters", "*moichoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - adulterers", "*malakoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - soft/effeminate", "*arsenokoitai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - those who engage in same-sex relations" }, "variants": { "*adikoi*": "unrighteous/unjust/wrongdoers", "*basileian Theou*": "kingdom of God/God's reign", "*klēronomēsousin*": "will inherit/receive as inheritance", "*planasthe*": "be deceived/led astray", "*pornoi*": "sexually immoral persons/fornicators", "*eidōlolatrai*": "idolaters/those who worship idols", "*moichoi*": "adulterers", "*malakoi*": "soft ones/effeminate men/passive homosexual partners", "*arsenokoitai*": "men who lie with males/active homosexual partners" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.6.10", "source": "Οὔτε κλέπται, οὔτε πλεονέκται, οὔτε μέθυσοι, οὐ λοίδοροι, οὐχ ἅρπαγες, βασιλείαν Θεοῦ οὐ κληρονομήσουσιν.", "text": "Neither *kleptai*, nor *pleonektai*, nor *methysoi*, not *loidoroi*, not *harpages*, *basileian* *Theou* not *klēronomēsousin*.", "grammar": { "*oute*": "negative conjunctive particle - neither/nor", "*kleptai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - thieves", "*pleonektai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - covetous/greedy people", "*methysoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - drunkards", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*loidoroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - revilers/slanderers", "*ouch*": "negation before rough breathing - not", "*harpages*": "nominative, masculine, plural - swindlers/extortioners", "*basileian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*ou klēronomēsousin*": "negative + future indicative, active, 3rd plural - will not inherit" }, "variants": { "*kleptai*": "thieves/robbers", "*pleonektai*": "greedy persons/covetous people", "*methysoi*": "drunkards/heavy drinkers", "*loidoroi*": "revilers/verbal abusers/slanderers", "*harpages*": "swindlers/extortioners/robbers" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.6.11", "source": "Καὶ ταῦτά τινες ἦτε: ἀλλὰ ἀπελούσασθε, ἀλλὰ ἡγιάσθητε, ἀλλʼ ἐδικαιώθητε ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῷ Πνεύματι τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν.", "text": "And these things some *ēte*: but you *apelousasthe*, but you *hēgiasthēte*, but you *edikaiōthēte* in the *onomati* of the *Kyriou* *Iēsou*, and in the *Pneumati* of the *Theou* of us.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tauta*": "accusative, neuter, plural, demonstrative pronoun - these things", "*tines*": "nominative, masculine, plural, indefinite pronoun - some", "*ēte*": "imperfect indicative, 2nd plural - you were", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*apelousasthe*": "aorist indicative, middle, 2nd plural - you washed yourselves/were washed", "*hēgiasthēte*": "aorist indicative, passive, 2nd plural - you were sanctified", "*edikaiōthēte*": "aorist indicative, passive, 2nd plural - you were justified", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*onomati*": "dative, neuter, singular - name", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Lord", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Jesus", "*Pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, 1st plural, personal pronoun - of us" }, "variants": { "*apelousasthe*": "you were washed/cleansed/purified", "*hēgiasthēte*": "you were sanctified/made holy/set apart", "*edikaiōthēte*": "you were justified/declared righteous", "*onomati*": "name/authority", "*Pneumati*": "Spirit/breath" } }
• Titus 2:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Titus.2.11", "source": "Ἐπεφάνη γὰρ ἡ χάρις τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡ σωτήριος πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις,", "text": "*Epephanē gar* the *charis* of the *Theou* the *sōtērios pasin anthrōpois*,", "grammar": { "*Epephanē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - appeared/was manifested", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*charis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - grace/favor", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*sōtērios*": "nominative, feminine, singular, adjective - bringing salvation", "*pasin*": "dative, masculine, plural, adjective - to all", "*anthrōpois*": "dative, masculine, plural - men/people" }, "variants": { "*Epephanē*": "appeared/was manifested/was revealed", "*charis*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*sōtērios*": "bringing salvation/saving/delivering", "*anthrōpois*": "men/people/mankind/humanity" } } 12 { "verseID": "Titus.2.12", "source": "Παιδεύουσα ἡμᾶς ἵνα, ἀρνησάμενοι τὴν ἀσέβειαν καὶ τὰς κοσμικὰς ἐπιθυμίας, σωφρόνως, καὶ δικαίως, καὶ εὐσεβῶς, ζήσωμεν ἐν τῷ νῦν αἰῶνι·", "text": "*Paideuousa hēmas hina*, *arnēsamenoi* the *asebeian* and the *kosmikas epithumias*, *sōphronōs*, and *dikaiōs*, and *eusebōs*, *zēsōmen* in the *nun aiōni*;", "grammar": { "*Paideuousa*": "present active participle, nominative feminine singular - training/instructing", "*hēmas*": "accusative, plural, personal pronoun - us", "*hina*": "subordinate conjunction - so that/in order that", "*arnēsamenoi*": "aorist middle participle, nominative masculine plural - having denied/rejected", "*asebeian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - ungodliness/impiety", "*kosmikas*": "accusative, feminine, plural, adjective - worldly", "*epithumias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - desires/passions", "*sōphronōs*": "adverb - sensibly/self-controlled", "*dikaiōs*": "adverb - righteously/justly", "*eusebōs*": "adverb - godly/piously", "*zēsōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st person plural - we might live", "*nun*": "adverb - now/present", "*aiōni*": "dative, masculine, singular - age/world" }, "variants": { "*Paideuousa*": "training/instructing/disciplining", "*arnēsamenoi*": "having denied/rejected/renounced", "*asebeian*": "ungodliness/impiety/wickedness", "*kosmikas*": "worldly/pertaining to this world", "*epithumias*": "desires/passions/lusts", "*sōphronōs*": "sensibly/self-controlled/soberly", "*dikaiōs*": "righteously/justly/fairly", "*eusebōs*": "godly/piously/devoutly", "*zēsōmen*": "we might live/should live", "*aiōni*": "age/world/era" } }
• 1 Pet 2:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.9", "source": "Ὑμεῖς δὲ γένος ἐκλεκτόν, βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα, ἔθνος ἅγιον, λαὸς εἰς περιποίησιν· ὅπως τὰς ἀρετὰς ἐξαγγείλητε τοῦ ἐκ σκότους ὑμᾶς καλέσαντος εἰς τὸ θαυμαστὸν αὐτοῦ φῶς:", "text": "*Hymeis de genos eklekton*, *basileion hierateuma*, *ethnos hagion*, *laos eis peripoiēsin*; *hopōs tas aretas exangeilēte tou ek skotous hymas kalesantos eis to thaumaston autou phōs*:", "grammar": { "*Hymeis*": "pronoun, 2nd person plural nominative - you", "*de*": "particle - but/and", "*genos*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - race/family/kind", "*eklekton*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - chosen/elect", "*basileion*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - royal", "*hierateuma*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - priesthood", "*ethnos*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - nation/people", "*hagion*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - holy", "*laos*": "noun, masculine singular nominative - people", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for/unto", "*peripoiēsin*": "noun, feminine singular accusative - possession/acquisition", "*hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*tas aretas*": "noun with article, feminine plural accusative - the virtues/excellencies", "*exangeilēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you may proclaim/declare", "*tou kalesantos*": "aorist active participle with article, masculine singular genitive - of the one who called", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - out of/from", "*skotous*": "noun, neuter singular genitive - darkness", "*hymas*": "pronoun, 2nd person plural accusative - you", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/unto", "*to thaumaston*": "adjective with article, neuter singular accusative - the marvelous/wonderful", "*autou*": "pronoun, masculine singular genitive - his", "*phōs*": "noun, neuter singular accusative - light" }, "variants": { "*genos*": "race/family/kind/generation", "*eklekton*": "chosen/elect/selected", "*basileion*": "royal/kingly", "*hierateuma*": "priesthood/body of priests", "*ethnos*": "nation/people/tribe", "*hagion*": "holy/set apart", "*laos*": "people/nation", "*peripoiēsin*": "possession/acquisition/God's own possession", "*aretas*": "virtues/excellencies/praises", "*exangeilēte*": "may proclaim/declare/publish abroad", "*kalesantos*": "who called/who summoned", "*skotous*": "darkness/obscurity", "*thaumaston*": "marvelous/wonderful/amazing", "*phōs*": "light/illumination" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.10", "source": "Οἵ ποτε οὐ λαὸς, νῦν δὲ λαὸς Θεοῦ: οἱ οὐκ ἠλεημένοι, νῦν δὲ ἐλεηθέντες.", "text": "*Hoi pote ou laos*, *nyn de laos Theou*: *hoi ouk ēleēmenoi*, *nyn de eleēthentes*.", "grammar": { "*Hoi*": "article, masculine plural nominative - the ones/those who", "*pote*": "adverb - once/formerly", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*laos*": "noun, masculine singular nominative - people", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*de*": "particle - but/and", "*laos*": "noun, masculine singular nominative - people", "*Theou*": "noun, masculine singular genitive - of God", "*hoi*": "article, masculine plural nominative - the ones/those who", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*ēleēmenoi*": "perfect passive participle, masculine plural nominative - having received mercy", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*de*": "particle - but/and", "*eleēthentes*": "aorist passive participle, masculine plural nominative - having received mercy" }, "variants": { "*pote*": "once/formerly/at one time", "*laos*": "people/nation", "*ēleēmenoi*": "having received mercy/shown mercy", "*eleēthentes*": "having received mercy/shown mercy" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.11", "source": "Ἀγαπητοί, παρακαλῶ ὡς παροίκους καὶ παρεπιδήμους, ἀπέχεσθαι τῶν σαρκικῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν, αἵτινες στρατεύονται κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς·", "text": "*Agapētoi*, *parakalō* as *paroikous* and *parepidēmous*, *apechesthai tōn sarkikōn epithymiōn*, *haitines strateuontai kata tēs psychēs*;", "grammar": { "*Agapētoi*": "adjective, masculine plural vocative - beloved", "*parakalō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I exhort/encourage/urge", "*paroikous*": "noun, masculine plural accusative - sojourners/resident aliens", "*parepidēmous*": "noun, masculine plural accusative - strangers/pilgrims", "*apechesthai*": "present middle infinitive - to abstain from", "*tōn sarkikōn*": "adjective with article, feminine plural genitive - fleshly/carnal", "*epithymiōn*": "noun, feminine plural genitive - desires/lusts", "*haitines*": "relative pronoun, feminine plural nominative - which", "*strateuontai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person plural - wage war", "*kata*": "preposition + genitive - against", "*tēs psychēs*": "noun with article, feminine singular genitive - the soul" }, "variants": { "*Agapētoi*": "beloved/dear ones", "*parakalō*": "I exhort/encourage/urge/beseech", "*paroikous*": "sojourners/resident aliens/temporary residents", "*parepidēmous*": "strangers/pilgrims/exiles", "*apechesthai*": "to abstain from/keep away from/refrain from", "*sarkikōn*": "fleshly/carnal/bodily", "*epithymiōn*": "desires/lusts/cravings", "*strateuontai*": "wage war/battle/campaign", "*psychēs*": "soul/life/self" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.12", "source": "Τὴν ἀναστροφὴν ὑμῶν ἔχοντες καλήν Ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν: ἵνα, ἐν ᾧ καταλαλοῦσιν ὑμῶν ὡς κακοποιῶν, ἐκ τῶν καλῶν ἔργων, ἐποπτεύσαντες, δοξάσωσιν τὸν Θεὸν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἐπισκοπῆς.", "text": "The *anastrophēn hymōn echontes kalēn* in the *ethnesin*: *hina*, in *hō katalalousin hymōn hōs kakopoiōn*, from the *kalōn ergōn*, *epopteusantes*, *doxasōsin ton Theon en hēmera episkopēs*.", "grammar": { "*anastrophēn*": "noun, feminine singular accusative - conduct/behavior", "*hymōn*": "pronoun, 2nd person plural genitive - of you/your", "*echontes*": "present active participle, masculine plural nominative - having/maintaining", "*kalēn*": "adjective, feminine singular accusative - good/honorable", "*ethnesin*": "noun, neuter plural dative - Gentiles/nations", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*hō*": "relative pronoun, neuter singular dative - in which/wherein", "*katalalousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they speak against", "*hymōn*": "pronoun, 2nd person plural genitive - of you/your", "*hōs*": "adverb - as/like", "*kakopoiōn*": "noun, masculine plural genitive - evildoers", "*kalōn*": "adjective, neuter plural genitive - good", "*ergōn*": "noun, neuter plural genitive - works/deeds", "*epopteusantes*": "aorist active participle, masculine plural nominative - having observed/witnessed", "*doxasōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they may glorify", "*ton Theon*": "noun with article, masculine singular accusative - God", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in/on", "*hēmera*": "noun, feminine singular dative - day", "*episkopēs*": "noun, feminine singular genitive - of visitation/inspection" }, "variants": { "*anastrophēn*": "conduct/behavior/manner of life", "*echontes*": "having/maintaining/keeping", "*kalēn*": "good/honorable/excellent", "*ethnesin*": "Gentiles/nations/pagans", "*katalalousin*": "speak against/slander/defame", "*kakopoiōn*": "evildoers/malefactors", "*kalōn*": "good/honorable/noble", "*ergōn*": "works/deeds/actions", "*epopteusantes*": "having observed/witnessed/noticed", "*doxasōsin*": "may glorify/honor/praise", "*hēmera episkopēs*": "day of visitation/inspection/oversight" } }
• 1 Pet 4:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Peter.4.1", "source": "Χριστοῦ οὖν παθόντος ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν σαρκὶ, καὶ ὑμεῖς τὴν αὐτὴν ἔννοιαν ὁπλίσασθε: ὅτι ὁ παθὼν ἕν σαρκὶ πέπαυται ἁμαρτίας·", "text": "*Christou* therefore *pathontos* on behalf of us *sarki*, and you the same *ennoian hoplisasthe*: because the one *pathōn* in *sarki* has *pepautai* from *hamartias*", "grammar": { "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Christ", "*pathontos*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - having suffered", "*sarki*": "dative, feminine, singular - in/with/by flesh", "*ennoian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - mind/thought/intent", "*hoplisasthe*": "aorist middle imperative, 2nd person plural - arm yourselves", "*pathōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - one who has suffered", "*pepautai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - has ceased/stopped", "*hamartias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of sin" }, "variants": { "*ennoian*": "thought/mind/intention/attitude/purpose", "*hoplisasthe*": "arm yourselves/equip yourselves (military metaphor)", "*pepautai*": "has ceased/has been made to cease/has been freed from" } } 2 { "verseID": "1 Peter.4.2", "source": "Εἰς τὸ μηκέτι ἀνθρώπων ἐπιθυμίαις, ἀλλὰ θελήματι Θεοῦ τὸν ἐπίλοιπον ἐν σαρκὶ βιῶσαι χρόνον.", "text": "For the *mēketi* to *anthrōpōn epithymiais*, but *thelēmati Theou* the *epiloipon* in *sarki biōsai chronon*.", "grammar": { "*mēketi*": "adverb - no longer", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of men/humans", "*epithymiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - to/for/by lusts/desires", "*thelēmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - to/for/by will", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*epiloipon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - remaining/rest of", "*sarki*": "dative, feminine, singular - in/with flesh", "*biōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to live", "*chronon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - time/period" }, "variants": { "*epithymiais*": "lusts/desires/cravings/passions", "*thelēmati*": "will/desire/purpose", "*biōsai*": "to live/to spend (one's life)" } } 3 { "verseID": "1 Peter.4.3", "source": "Ἀρκετὸς γὰρ ἡμῖν ὁ παρεληλυθὼς χρόνος τοῦ βίου τὸ θέλημα τῶν Ἐθνῶν κατεργάσασθαι, πεπορευμένους ἐν ἀσελγείαις, ἐπιθυμίαις, οἰνοφλυγίαις, κώμοις, πότοις, καὶ ἀθεμίτοις εἰδωλολατρείαις:", "text": "*Arketos* for to us the *parelelythōs chronos tou biou* the *thelēma tōn Ethnōn katergazasthai*, having *poreumenous* in *aselgeiais*, *epithymiais*, *oinophlyigais*, *kōmois*, *potois*, and *athemitois eidōlolatreiais*:", "grammar": { "*Arketos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sufficient/enough", "*parelelythōs*": "perfect active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having passed", "*chronos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - time", "*tou biou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of life", "*thelēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - will/desire", "*tōn Ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of the Gentiles/nations", "*katergazasthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to accomplish/perform/work out", "*poreumenous*": "perfect middle/passive participle, accusative, masculine, plural - having walked/gone", "*aselgeiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in licentiousness/sensuality", "*epithymiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in lusts/desires", "*oinophlyigais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in drunkenness/wine-excess", "*kōmois*": "dative, masculine, plural - in revels/carousing", "*potois*": "dative, masculine, plural - in drinking bouts", "*athemitois*": "dative, feminine, plural - in lawless/forbidden", "*eidōlolatreiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in idolatries" }, "variants": { "*Arketos*": "sufficient/enough/adequate/plenty", "*katergazasthai*": "to accomplish/perform/carry out/work out completely", "*aselgeiais*": "sensuality/debauchery/licentiousness/lasciviousness", "*kōmois*": "carousals/revels/orgies/feasts", "*athemitois*": "unlawful/forbidden/detestable/abominable" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Peter.4.4", "source": "Ἐν ᾧ ξενίζονται μὴ συντρεχόντων ὑμῶν εἰς τὴν αὐτὴν τῆς ἀσωτίας ἀνάχυσιν, βλασφημοῦντες:", "text": "In which they *xenizontai* not *syntrechontōn* you into the same of the *asōtias anachysin*, *blasphēmountes*:", "grammar": { "*xenizontai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they are surprised/think strange", "*syntrechontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - running together with", "*asōtias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of dissipation/debauchery", "*anachysin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - flood/excess/overflow", "*blasphēmountes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - blaspheming/slandering" }, "variants": { "*xenizontai*": "are surprised/think strange/are perplexed/are astonished", "*syntrechontōn*": "running with/joining with/rushing together with", "*asōtias*": "excess/dissipation/debauchery/wastefulness", "*anachysin*": "flood/excess/overflow/outpouring", "*blasphēmountes*": "maligning/slandering/speaking evil/reviling" } }