Verse 1

{ "verseID": "Acts.15.1", "source": "¶Καί τινες κατελθόντες ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἐδίδασκον τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς, ὅτι Ἐὰν μὴ περιτέμνησθε τῷ ἔθει Μωϋσέως, οὐ δύνασθε σωθῆναι.", "text": "And *tines* having *katelthontes* from *tēs Ioudaias* were *edidaskon* the *adelphous*, that If not you are *peritemneisthe* to the *ethei Mōuseōs*, not you are *dunasthe* to be *sōthēnai*.", "grammar": { "*tines*": "nominative, masculine, plural - certain ones/some", "*katelthontes*": "aorist participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - having come down", "*tēs Ioudaias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Judea", "*edidaskon*": "imperfect, active, 3rd person, plural - were teaching [continuous action]", "*adelphous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - brothers", "*peritemneisthe*": "present, subjunctive, passive, 2nd person, plural - you are circumcised", "*ethei*": "dative, neuter, singular - custom/manner", "*Mōuseōs*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Moses", "*dunasthe*": "present, indicative, middle/passive, 2nd person, plural - you are able", "*sōthēnai*": "aorist, infinitive, passive - to be saved" }, "variants": { "*katelthontes*": "having come down/descended", "*edidaskon*": "were teaching/instructing", "*ethei*": "custom/tradition/practice", "*sōthēnai*": "to be saved/delivered/preserved" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Og noen mennesker som kom ned fra Judea, lærte brødrene og sa: "Unntatt dere blir omskåret etter Moses' skikk, kan dere ikke bli frelst."

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Noen som kom ned fra Judea, begynte å undervise brødrene og sa at hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moses' sedvane, kan dere ikke bli frelst.

• Norsk King James

  Og visse menn som kom ned fra Judea, underviste brødrene og sa: Om ikke dere lar dere omskjære etter Moses' lov, kan dere ikke bli frelst.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Noen som kom ned fra Judea, lærte de troende: 'Dersom dere ikke lar dere omskjære etter Moseloven, kan dere ikke bli frelst.'

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Og noen menn kom ned fra Judea og lærte brødrene: Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moses' skikk, kan dere ikke bli frelst.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Noen menn kom ned fra Judea og underviste brødrene: «Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moseloven, kan dere ikke bli frelst.»

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Noen menn som kom ned fra Judea, lærte brødrene og sa: Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moseloven, kan dere ikke bli frelst.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Noen menn som kom ned fra Judea underviste brødrene og sa: 'Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moses’ skikk, kan dere ikke bli frelst.'

• gpt4.5-preview

  Og noen menn som kom ned fra Judea, lærte brødrene og sa: Dersom dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moses' skikk, kan dere ikke bli frelst.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Og noen menn som kom ned fra Judea, lærte brødrene og sa: Dersom dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moses' skikk, kan dere ikke bli frelst.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Noen som hadde kommet ned fra Judea lærte brødrene: «Hvis dere ikke lar dere omskjære etter Moses' skikk, kan dere ikke bli frelst.»

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Some men came down from Judea and began teaching the brothers, "Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved."

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Noen som kom ned fra Judea, underviste brødrene og sa: 'Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter skikken til Moses, kan dere ikke bli frelst.'

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og Nogle, som kom ned fra Judæa, lærte Brødrene: Dersom I ikke lade eder omskjære efter Mose Skik, kunne I ikke blive salige.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And certain men which came down from Judaea taught the brethren, and said, Except ye be circumcised after the manner of Moses, ye cannot be saved.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Noen menn kom ned fra Judea og lærte brødrene, og sa: Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moseloven, kan dere ikke bli frelst.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And certain men who came down from Judea taught the brethren, and said, Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And certain men which came down from Judaea taught the brethren, and said, Except ye be circumcised after the manner of Moses, ye cannot be saved.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Noen menn kom ned fra Judea og lærte brødrene: "Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moses' skikk, kan dere ikke bli frelst."

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Noen som hadde kommet ned fra Judea, lærte brødrene: 'Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moses' skikk, kan dere ikke bli frelst.'

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Noen menn kom ned fra Judea og lærte brødrene: «Hvis dere ikke blir omskåret etter Moseloven, kan dere ikke bli frelst.»

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Nå kom noen menn ned fra Judea og lærte brødrene at uten omskjærelse, etter Moseloven, er det ingen frelse.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Then cam certayne from Iewrie and taught the brethren: excepte ye be circumcysed after the maner of Moses ye cannot be saved.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And there came certayne fro Iewry, and taughte the brethren: Excepte ye be circumcysed after the maner of Moses, ye can not be saued.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then came downe certaine from Iudea, and taught the brethren, saying, Except ye be circumcised after the maner of Moses, ye cannot be saued.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And certayne men whiche came downe fro Iurie, taught the brethren, except ye be circumcised after the maner of Moyses, ye can not be saued.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And certain men which came down from Judaea taught the brethren, [and said], Except ye be circumcised after the manner of Moses, ye cannot be saved.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Some men came down from Judea and taught the brothers, "Unless you are circumcised after the custom of Moses, you can't be saved."

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And certain having come down from Judea, were teaching the brethren -- `If ye be not circumcised after the custom of Moses, ye are not able to be saved;'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And certain men came down from Judaea and taught the brethren, [saying], Except ye be circumcised after the custom of Moses, ye cannot be saved.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now certain men came down from Judaea, teaching the brothers and saying that without circumcision, after the rule of Moses, there is no salvation.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Some men came down from Judea and taught the brothers, "Unless you are circumcised after the custom of Moses, you can't be saved."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The Jerusalem Council Now some men came down from Judea and began to teach the brothers,“Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.”

Referenced Verses

• Acts 15:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Acts.15.5", "source": "Ἐξανέστησαν δέ τινες τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς αἱρέσεως τῶν Φαρισαίων πεπιστευκότες, λέγοντες, Ὅτι Δεῖ περιτέμνειν αὐτούς, παραγγέλλειν τε τηρεῖν τὸν νόμον Μωϋσέως.", "text": "But *exanestēsan tines tōn apo tēs haireseōs tōn Pharisaiōn pepisteukotes*, *legontes*, That It is *dei* to *peritemnein* them, to *parangellein te tērein ton nomon Mōuseōs*.", "grammar": { "*exanestēsan*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person, plural - rose up/stood up", "*tines*": "nominative, masculine, plural - certain ones/some", "*tōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of those", "*apo*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*tēs haireseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the sect/party", "*tōn Pharisaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the Pharisees", "*pepisteukotes*": "perfect participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - having believed", "*legontes*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*dei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person, singular - it is necessary", "*peritemnein*": "present, infinitive, active - to circumcise", "*parangellein*": "present, infinitive, active - to command/charge", "*te*": "particle - and/also", "*tērein*": "present, infinitive, active - to observe/keep", "*ton nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the law", "*Mōuseōs*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Moses" }, "variants": { "*exanestēsan*": "rose up/stood up/emerged", "*haireseōs*": "sect/party/faction/school", "*pepisteukotes*": "having believed/having come to faith", "*dei*": "it is necessary/one must/it is proper", "*parangellein*": "to command/instruct/charge", "*tērein*": "to keep/observe/maintain" } }
• Acts 15:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Acts.15.24", "source": "Ἐπειδὴ ἠκούσαμεν, ὅτι τινὲς ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐξελθόντες ἐτάραξαν ὑμᾶς λόγοις, ἀνασκευάζοντες τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν, λέγοντες, περιτέμνεσθαι, καὶ τηρεῖν τὸν νόμον: οἷς οὐ διεστειλάμεθα:", "text": "Since we *ēkousamen*, that *tines ex hēmōn exelthontes etaraxan humas logois*, *anaskeuazontes tas psuchas humōn*, *legontes*, to be *peritemnesthai*, and to *tērein ton nomon*: to whom not we *diesteilametha*:", "grammar": { "*epeidē*": "conjunction - since/because", "*ēkousamen*": "aorist, indicative, active, 1st person, plural - we heard", "*tines*": "nominative, masculine, plural - certain ones/some", "*ex*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, 1st person, plural - us", "*exelthontes*": "aorist participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - having gone out", "*etaraxan*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person, plural - troubled/disturbed", "*humas*": "accusative, 2nd person, plural - you", "*logois*": "dative, masculine, plural - with words", "*anaskeuazontes*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - unsettling/subverting", "*tas psuchas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - the souls", "*humōn*": "genitive, 2nd person, plural - of you", "*legontes*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*peritemnesthai*": "present, infinitive, passive - to be circumcised", "*tērein*": "present, infinitive, active - to keep/observe", "*ton nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the law", "*hois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to whom", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*diesteilametha*": "aorist, indicative, middle, 1st person, plural - we commanded/instructed" }, "variants": { "*ēkousamen*": "we heard/learned", "*exelthontes*": "having gone out/departed", "*etaraxan*": "troubled/disturbed/agitated", "*logois*": "with words/statements", "*anaskeuazontes*": "unsettling/subverting/upsetting", "*psuchas*": "souls/lives/minds", "*peritemnesthai*": "to be circumcised", "*tērein*": "to keep/observe/maintain", "*diesteilametha*": "we commanded/instructed/directed" } }
• Lev 12:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Leviticus.12.3", "source": "וּבַיּ֖וֹם הַשְּׁמִינִ֑י יִמּ֖וֹל בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*û-ḇayyôm haššəmînî yimmôl bəśar ʿorlātô*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇayyôm*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and on the day", "*haššəmînî*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the eighth", "*yimmôl*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Niphal - shall be circumcised", "*bəśar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātô*": "noun, feminine singular + suffix, 3rd masculine singular - his foreskin" }, "variants": { "*yimmôl*": "shall be circumcised/cut around", "*bəśar*": "flesh/skin/body", "*ʿorlātô*": "his foreskin/prepuce" } }
• Acts 6:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Acts.6.14", "source": "Ἀκηκόαμεν γὰρ αὐτοῦ λέγοντος, ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος οὗτος καταλύσει τὸν τόπον τοῦτον, καὶ ἀλλάξει τὰ ἔθη ἃ παρέδωκεν ἡμῖν Μωϋσῆς.", "text": "*Akēkoamen* *gar* of him *legontos*, that *Iēsous* the *Nazōraios* this *katalysei* the *topon* this, and *allaxei* the *ethē* which *paredōken* to us *Mōysēs*.", "grammar": { "*Akēkoamen*": "perfect, active, indicative, 1st person, plural - we have heard", "*gar*": "conjunction, explanatory - for/because", "*legontos*": "present, active, participle, genitive, masculine, singular - saying", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Nazōraios*": "nominative, masculine, singular, adjective - Nazarene", "*katalysei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - will destroy/overthrow", "*topon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - place", "*allaxei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - will change/alter", "*ethē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - customs/practices", "*paredōken*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - delivered/handed down", "*Mōysēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Moses" }, "variants": { "*Akēkoamen*": "we have heard/we heard", "*legontos*": "saying/declaring/stating", "*Nazōraios*": "Nazarene/from Nazareth", "*katalysei*": "will destroy/overthrow/demolish", "*topon*": "place/location/temple", "*allaxei*": "will change/alter/transform", "*ethē*": "customs/practices/traditions", "*paredōken*": "delivered/handed down/entrusted" } }
• Gal 2:11-14 : 11 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.11", "source": "Ὅτε δὲ ἦλθεν Πέτρος εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν, κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῷ ἀντέστην, ὅτι κατεγνωσμένος ἦν.", "text": "When *de* *Petros* came *eis Antiocheian*, *kata prosōpon autō antestēn*, because *kategnōsmenos ēn*.", "grammar": { "*hote de*": "conjunction + particle - but when/and when", "*ēlthen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - came/had come", "*Petros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Peter", "*eis Antiocheian*": "preposition + accusative, feminine, singular - to Antioch", "*kata prosōpon*": "preposition + accusative, neuter, singular - to [his] face/in person", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*antestēn*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I opposed/withstood", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because", "*kategnōsmenos ēn*": "perfect, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular + imperfect, 3rd person singular - he was condemned/stood condemned" }, "variants": { "*kata prosōpon*": "to [his] face/in person/directly", "*antestēn*": "I opposed/I withstood/I confronted", "*kategnōsmenos ēn*": "he was condemned/he stood condemned/he was worthy of blame" } } 12 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.12", "source": "Πρὸ τοῦ γὰρ ἐλθεῖν τινας ἀπὸ Ἰακώβου, μετὰ τῶν Ἐθνῶν συνήσθιεν: ὅτε δὲ ἦλθον, ὑπέστελλεν καὶ ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν, φοβούμενος τοὺς ἐκ περιτομῆς.", "text": "*Pro tou gar elthein tinas apo Iakōbou*, with the *Ethnōn* he *synēsthien*: when *de* they came, he *hypestellen kai aphōrizen heauton*, *phoboumenos* those *ek peritomēs*.", "grammar": { "*pro tou*": "preposition + genitive article - before", "*gar*": "conjunction - for", "*elthein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to come", "*tinas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - certain ones", "*apo Iakōbou*": "preposition + genitive, masculine, singular - from James", "*meta tōn Ethnōn*": "preposition + genitive, neuter, plural - with the Gentiles", "*synēsthien*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was eating with", "*hote de*": "conjunction + particle - but when", "*ēlthon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they came", "*hypestellen*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was withdrawing", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*aphōrizen*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was separating", "*heauton*": "accusative, reflexive pronoun, masculine, singular - himself", "*phoboumenos*": "present, middle/passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - fearing", "*tous ek peritomēs*": "accusative, masculine, plural + preposition + genitive, feminine, singular - those of/from circumcision" }, "variants": { "*synēsthien*": "was eating with/was sharing meals with/was having table fellowship with", "*hypestellen*": "was withdrawing/was drawing back/was pulling away", "*aphōrizen heauton*": "was separating himself/was setting himself apart/was keeping himself separate", "*phoboumenos*": "fearing/being afraid of/dreading", "*tous ek peritomēs*": "those of the circumcision/the Jewish Christians/those from the circumcision party" } } 13 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.13", "source": "Καὶ συνυπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ Ἰουδαῖοι· ὥστε καὶ Βαρναβᾶς συναπήχθη αὐτῶν τῇ ὑποκρίσει.", "text": "And *synypekrithēsan autō* also the rest of *Ioudaioi*; *hōste* also *Barnabas synapēchthē* by their *hypokrisei*.", "grammar": { "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*synypekrithēsan*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person plural - joined in hypocrisy", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - with him", "*kai*": "conjunction - also/even", "*hoi loipoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - the rest/remaining", "*Ioudaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - Jews", "*hōste*": "conjunction - so that/with the result that", "*kai*": "conjunction - also/even", "*Barnabas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Barnabas", "*synapēchthē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - was carried away with", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - their/of them", "*tē hypokrisei*": "dative, feminine, singular - by the hypocrisy" }, "variants": { "*synypekrithēsan*": "joined in hypocrisy/acted hypocritically with/played along with the pretense", "*synapēchthē*": "was carried away with/was led astray with/was swept along with", "*hypokrisei*": "hypocrisy/pretense/insincerity" } } 14 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.14", "source": "Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, εἶπον τῷ Πέτρῳ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων, Εἰ σὺ, Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων, Ἐθνικῶς ζῇς, καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς, τί τὰ Ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν;", "text": "But when I *eidon* that they *ouk orthopodousin pros* the *alētheian* of the *euangeliou*, I *eipon* to *Petrō emprosthen pantōn*, If you, *Ioudaios hyparchōn*, *Ethnikōs zēs*, and not *Ioudaikōs*, why the *Ethnē* do you *anankazeis Ioudaizein*?", "grammar": { "*all' hote*": "conjunction + conjunction - but when", "*eidon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I saw", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*ouk orthopodousin*": "negative + present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are not walking straight", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - according to/toward", "*tēn alētheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the truth", "*tou euangeliou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of the gospel", "*eipon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I said", "*tō Petrō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Peter", "*emprosthen pantōn*": "preposition + genitive, neuter, plural - before all/in the presence of all", "*ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*sy*": "nominative, 2nd person singular - you", "*Ioudaios hyparchōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular + present, active, participle - being a Jew", "*Ethnikōs*": "adverb - like a Gentile/in Gentile manner", "*zēs*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you live", "*kai ouk*": "conjunction + negative - and not", "*Ioudaikōs*": "adverb - Jewishly/in Jewish manner", "*ti*": "interrogative pronoun - why", "*ta Ethnē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the Gentiles", "*anankazeis*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you compel", "*Ioudaizein*": "present, active, infinitive - to live as Jews/to Judaize" }, "variants": { "*orthopodousin*": "walk straight/walk uprightly/conduct properly", "*Ioudaios hyparchōn*": "being a Jew/existing as a Jew/though you are a Jew", "*Ethnikōs zēs*": "live like a Gentile/follow Gentile customs/live in Gentile way", "*anankazeis*": "compel/force/require", "*Ioudaizein*": "to Judaize/to live as Jews/to follow Jewish customs" } }
• Gal 5:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "Galatians.5.1", "source": "Τῇ ἐλευθερίᾳ οὖν ᾖ Χριστὸς ἡμᾶς ἠλευθέρωσεν στήκετε, καὶ μὴ πάλιν ζυγῷ δουλείας ἐνέχεσθε.", "text": "For the *eleutheria* therefore which *Christos* us *ēleutherōsen* *stēkete*, and not again to *zugō douleias* become *enechesthe*.", "grammar": { "*eleutheria*": "dative, feminine, singular - freedom/liberty", "*Christos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Christ", "*ēleutherōsen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - set free/liberated", "*stēkete*": "present, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - stand firm/stand fast", "*zugō*": "dative, masculine, singular - yoke", "*douleias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of slavery/bondage", "*enechesthe*": "present, passive, imperative, 2nd person plural - be subject to/be held by" }, "variants": { "*eleutheria*": "freedom/liberty/independence", "*ēleutherōsen*": "set free/liberated/freed", "*stēkete*": "stand firm/stand fast/remain standing", "*zugō*": "yoke/burden/pair", "*douleias*": "slavery/bondage/servitude", "*enechesthe*": "be subject to/be held by/be ensnared by" } } 2 { "verseID": "Galatians.5.2", "source": "Ἴδε, ἐγὼ Παῦλος λέγω ὑμῖν, ὅτι ἐὰν περιτέμνησθε, Χριστὸς ὑμᾶς οὐδὲν ὠφελήσει.", "text": "*Ide*, *egō Paulos legō* to you, that if you are *peritemnēsthe*, *Christos* you *ouden ōphelēsei*.", "grammar": { "*Ide*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person singular - behold/see/look", "*egō*": "nominative, 1st person singular pronoun - I", "*Paulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Paul", "*legō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - say/speak/tell", "*peritemnēsthe*": "present, passive, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - be circumcised", "*Christos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Christ", "*ouden*": "accusative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*ōphelēsei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - will benefit/profit" }, "variants": { "*Ide*": "behold/look/see", "*legō*": "say/speak/tell", "*peritemnēsthe*": "be circumcised/undergo circumcision", "*ouden*": "nothing/not at all", "*ōphelēsei*": "will benefit/profit/help" } } 3 { "verseID": "Galatians.5.3", "source": "Μαρτύρομαι δὲ πάλιν παντὶ ἀνθρώπῳ περιτεμνομένῳ, ὅτι ὀφειλέτης ἐστὶν ὅλον τὸν νόμον ποιῆσαι.", "text": "*Martyromai de palin panti anthrōpō* being *peritemnomenō*, that *opheiletēs estin holon ton nomon poiēsai*.", "grammar": { "*Martyromai*": "present, middle, indicative, 1st person singular - testify/bear witness", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*palin*": "adverb - again/once more", "*panti*": "dative, masculine, singular - to every/all", "*anthrōpō*": "dative, masculine, singular - man/person", "*peritemnomenō*": "present, passive, participle, dative, masculine, singular - being circumcised", "*opheiletēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - debtor/one who is obligated", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - is/exists", "*holon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - whole/entire", "*ton nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the law", "*poiēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to do/perform/keep" }, "variants": { "*Martyromai*": "testify/bear witness/solemnly declare", "*de*": "but/and/now", "*palin*": "again/once more/back", "*peritemnomenō*": "being circumcised/receiving circumcision", "*opheiletēs*": "debtor/one obligated/one bound", "*holon*": "whole/entire/complete", "*nomon*": "law/rule/principle", "*poiēsai*": "to do/perform/keep/fulfill" } } 4 { "verseID": "Galatians.5.4", "source": "Κατηργήθητε ἀπὸ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, οἵτινες ἐν νόμῳ δικαιοῦσθε· τῆς χάριτος ἐξεπέσατε.", "text": "You are *katērgēthēte* from *tou Christou*, whoever in *nomō dikaioūsthe*; from the *charitos* you have *exepesate*.", "grammar": { "*katērgēthēte*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 2nd person plural - are severed/cut off/rendered ineffective", "*tou Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of/from Christ", "*nomō*": "dative, masculine, singular - by law/in law", "*dikaioūsthe*": "present, passive, indicative, 2nd person plural - are justified/declared righteous", "*charitos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of grace/favor", "*exepesate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - have fallen away/fallen from" }, "variants": { "*katērgēthēte*": "are severed/cut off/rendered ineffective/nullified", "*nomō*": "law/legal system/legal requirement", "*dikaioūsthe*": "are justified/declared righteous/made right", "*charitos*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*exepesate*": "have fallen away/fallen from/strayed from" } }
• 1 Cor 7:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.18", "source": "Περιτετμημένος τις ἐκλήθη; μὴ ἐπισπάσθω. Ἐν ἀκροβυστίᾳ τις ἐκλήθη; μὴ περιτεμνέσθω.", "text": "Having been *peritetmēmenos* anyone *eklēthē*? *mē* let him *epispasthō*. In *akrobustia* anyone *eklēthē*? *mē* let him *peritemnesth����*.", "grammar": { "*peritetmēmenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been circumcised", "*eklēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was called", "*mē*": "negative particle with imperative - not", "*epispasthō*": "present middle imperative, 3rd person singular - let him draw over/become uncircumcised", "*akrobustia*": "dative, feminine, singular - uncircumcision/foreskin", "*peritemnesth����*": "present passive imperative, 3rd person singular - let him be circumcised" }, "variants": { "*peritetmēmenos*": "having been circumcised", "*eklēthē*": "was called/summoned/invited", "*epispasthō*": "let him draw over/become uncircumcised/remove the marks of circumcision", "*akrobustia*": "uncircumcision/foreskin/state of being uncircumcised", "*peritemnesth����*": "let him be circumcised" } } 19 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.19", "source": "Ἡ περιτομὴ οὐδέν ἐστιν, καὶ ἡ ἀκροβυστία οὐδέν ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ τήρησις ἐντολῶν Θεοῦ.", "text": "The *peritomē* *ouden* *estin*, and the *akrobustia* *ouden* *estin*, but *tērēsis* *entolōn* *Theou*.", "grammar": { "*peritomē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - circumcision", "*ouden*": "nominative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*akrobustia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - uncircumcision/foreskin", "*tērēsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - keeping/observance", "*entolōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of commandments", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*peritomē*": "circumcision/state of being circumcised", "*ouden*": "nothing/not anything/of no value", "*akrobustia*": "uncircumcision/foreskin/state of being uncircumcised", "*tērēsis*": "keeping/observance/obedience", "*entolōn*": "commandments/precepts/injunctions", "*Theou*": "God/deity" } }
• Col 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Colossians.2.8", "source": "Βλέπετε μή τις ὑμᾶς ἔσται ὁ συλαγωγῶν διὰ τῆς φιλοσοφίας καὶ κενῆς ἀπάτης, κατὰ τὴν παράδοσιν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, κατὰ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου, καὶ οὐ κατὰ Χριστόν.", "text": "*Blepete* lest anyone you *estai* the *sylagōgōn* through the *philosophias* and empty *apatēs*, according to the *paradosin* of the *anthrōpōn*, according to the *stoicheia* of the *kosmou*, and not according to *Christon*.", "grammar": { "*Blepete*": "present active imperative, 2nd person plural - look/see/beware", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will be", "*sylagōgōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - taking captive/carrying off as spoil", "*philosophias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - philosophy/love of wisdom", "*apatēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - deception/deceit", "*paradosin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - tradition/teaching handed down", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - men/human beings", "*stoicheia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - elements/rudiments/principles", "*kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - world/universe/ordered system", "*Christon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Christ" }, "variants": { "*Blepete*": "beware/watch out/take heed", "*sylagōgōn*": "taking captive/carrying off as spoil/plundering", "*philosophias*": "philosophy/love of wisdom/intellectual speculation", "*apatēs*": "deception/deceit/trickery", "*paradosin*": "tradition/teaching handed down/custom", "*stoicheia*": "elements/rudiments/principles/elemental spirits", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/ordered system/age" } }
• Col 2:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Colossians.2.11", "source": "Ἐν ᾧ καὶ περιετμήθητε περιτομῇ ἀχειροποιήτῳ, ἐν τῇ ἀπεκδύσει τοῦ σώματος τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν τῆς σαρκός ἐν τῇ περιτομῇ τοῦ Χριστοῦ:", "text": "In whom also you were *periετμήthēte* with *peritomē* *acheiropoiētō*, in the *apekdysei* of the *sōmatos* of the *hamartiōn* of the *sarkos* in the *peritomē* of the *Christou*:", "grammar": { "*periετμήthēte*": "aorist passive indicative, 2nd person plural - you were circumcised", "*peritomē*": "dative, feminine, singular - circumcision", "*acheiropoiētō*": "dative, feminine, singular - not made with hands", "*apekdysei*": "dative, feminine, singular - putting off/stripping off", "*sōmatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - body", "*hamartiōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - sins", "*sarkos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - flesh", "*peritomē*": "dative, feminine, singular - circumcision", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Christ" }, "variants": { "*periετμήthēte*": "were circumcised/cut around", "*peritomē*": "circumcision/cutting around", "*acheiropoiētō*": "not made with hands/not physical/spiritual", "*apekdysei*": "putting off/stripping off/removal", "*sōmatos*": "body/physical form", "*hamartiōn*": "sins/offenses/wrongdoings", "*sarkos*": "flesh/body/human nature", "*Christou*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" } } 12 { "verseID": "Colossians.2.12", "source": "Συνταφέντες αὐτῷ ἐν τῷ βαπτίσματι, ἐν ᾧ καὶ συνηγέρθητε διὰ τῆς πίστεως τῆς ἐνεργείας τοῦ Θεοῦ, τοῦ ἐγείραντος αὐτὸν ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν.", "text": "Having been *syntaphentes* with him in the *baptismati*, in which also you were *synēgerthēte* through the *pisteōs* of the *energeias* of the *Theou*, the one having *egeirantos* him from the *nekrōn*.", "grammar": { "*syntaphentes*": "aorist passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having been buried with", "*baptismati*": "dative, neuter, singular - baptism/immersion", "*synēgerthēte*": "aorist passive indicative, 2nd person plural - you were raised with", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - faith/belief", "*energeias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - working/operation/energy", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*egeirantos*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - having raised", "*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - dead ones" }, "variants": { "*syntaphentes*": "buried with/entombed together with", "*baptismati*": "baptism/immersion/washing", "*synēgerthēte*": "raised with/raised up together with", "*pisteōs*": "faith/belief/trust", "*energeias*": "working/operation/power/energy", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*egeirantos*": "having raised/resurrected", "*nekrōn*": "dead ones/corpses" } }
• Col 2:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Colossians.2.16", "source": "Μὴ οὖν τις ὑμᾶς κρινέτω ἐν βρώσει, ἢ ἐν πόσει, ἢ ἐν μέρει ἑορτῆς, ἢ νουμηνίας, ἢ σαββάτων:", "text": "Therefore let no one you *krinetō* in *brōsei*, or in *posei*, or in respect of *heortēs*, or of *noumēnias*, or of *sabbatōn*:", "grammar": { "*krinetō*": "present active imperative, 3rd person singular - let judge/condemn", "*brōsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - eating/food", "*posei*": "dative, feminine, singular - drinking/beverage", "*heortēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - feast/festival", "*noumēnias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - new moon", "*sabbatōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - sabbaths" }, "variants": { "*krinetō*": "judge/condemn/criticize", "*brōsei*": "eating/food/meat", "*posei*": "drinking/beverage", "*heortēs*": "feast/festival/celebration", "*noumēnias*": "new moon/monthly festival", "*sabbatōn*": "sabbaths/seventh days" } }
• Gal 2:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.1", "source": "¶Ἔπειτα διὰ δεκατεσσάρων ἐτῶν πάλιν ἀνέβην εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα μετὰ Βαρναβᾶ, συμπαραλαβὼν καὶ Τίτον.", "text": "Then *dia* fourteen *etōn* again I *anebēn* unto *Hierosolyma* with *Barnaba*, *symparalabōn* also *Titon*.", "grammar": { "*epeita*": "adverb - then/afterwards/next", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through/after [time]", "*dekatessarōn etōn*": "genitive, plural - fourteen years", "*palin*": "adverb - again/once more", "*anebēn*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I went up", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to/into/toward", "*Hierosolyma*": "accusative, neuter, plural - Jerusalem [treated as singular]", "*meta*": "preposition + genitive - with", "*Barnaba*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Barnabas", "*symparalabōn*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having taken along with me", "*kai*": "conjunction - also/even/and", "*Titon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Titus" }, "variants": { "*anebēn*": "went up/ascended/journeyed up", "*symparalabōn*": "taking along with/bringing along/taking as companion" } }
• Gal 2:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.3", "source": "Ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ Τίτος, ὁ σὺν ἐμοί, Ἕλλην ὤν, ἠναγκάσθη περιτμηθῆναι:", "text": "But *oude* *Titos*, the one *syn* me, *Hellēn ōn*, *ēnankasthē* to be *peritmēthēnai*:", "grammar": { "*alla*": "conjunction - but/yet/nevertheless", "*oude*": "negative particle - not even/neither/nor", "*Titos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Titus", "*ho syn emoi*": "article + preposition + dative, 1st person singular - the one with me", "*Hellēn ōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular + present participle - being a Greek", "*ēnankasthē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was compelled/forced", "*peritmēthēnai*": "aorist, passive, infinitive - to be circumcised" }, "variants": { "*ēnankasthē*": "was compelled/was forced/was required", "*Hellēn*": "Greek/Gentile [non-Jew]" } } 4 { "verseID": "Galatians.2.4", "source": "Διὰ δὲ τοὺς παρεισάκτους ψευδαδέλφους, οἵτινες παρεισῆλθον κατασκοπῆσαι τὴν ἐλευθερίαν ἡμῶν ἣν ἔχομεν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ἵνα ἡμᾶς καταδουλώσωνται:", "text": "*Dia de* the *pareisaktous pseudadelphous*, *hoitines pareisēlthon kataskopēsai* the *eleutherian* of us which we *echomen en Christō Iēsou*, *hina* us they might *katadoulōsōntai*:", "grammar": { "*dia de*": "preposition + particle - but because of/and because of", "*tous pareisaktous pseudadelphous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - the secretly brought in false brothers", "*hoitines*": "relative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - who/which ones", "*pareisēlthon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - came in secretly/sneaked in", "*kataskopēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to spy out/examine closely", "*tēn eleutherian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the freedom/liberty", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, 1st person plural - of us/our", "*hēn*": "relative pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular - which", "*echomen*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person plural - we have/possess", "*en Christō Iēsou*": "preposition + dative - in Christ Jesus", "*hina*": "conjunction - in order that/so that", "*hēmas*": "accusative, 1st person plural - us", "*katadoulōsōntai*": "aorist, middle, subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might enslave/bring into bondage" }, "variants": { "*pareisaktous*": "secretly brought in/smuggled in/secretly introduced", "*pseudadelphous*": "false brothers/pretended brothers/counterfeit brothers", "*pareisēlthon*": "came in secretly/sneaked in/infiltrated", "*kataskopēsai*": "to spy out/to inspect maliciously/to examine surreptitiously", "*eleutherian*": "freedom/liberty/release from constraint", "*katadoulōsōntai*": "might enslave/might subject/might bring into bondage" } }
• Gal 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Galatians.5.6", "source": "Ἐν γὰρ Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ οὔτε περιτομή τι ἰσχύει, οὔτε ἀκροβυστία· ἀλλὰ πίστις διʼ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη.", "text": "For in *Christō Iēsou* neither *peritomē ti ischyei*, nor *akrobystia*; but *pistis di' agapēs energoumenē*.", "grammar": { "*Christō Iēsou*": "dative, masculine, singular - in Christ Jesus", "*peritomē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - circumcision", "*ti*": "accusative, neuter, singular - anything/something", "*ischyei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - has power/avails/is effective", "*akrobystia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - uncircumcision/foreskin", "*pistis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - faith/belief", "*di'*": "preposition with genitive (shortened from dia) - through/by means of", "*agapēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of love", "*energoumenē*": "present, middle, participle, nominative, feminine, singular - working/operating/expressing itself" }, "variants": { "*peritomē*": "circumcision/the circumcised", "*ischyei*": "has power/avails/is effective/counts for anything", "*akrobystia*": "uncircumcision/foreskin/the uncircumcised", "*pistis*": "faith/belief/trust", "*agapēs*": "love/charity/benevolence", "*energoumenē*": "working/operating/expressing itself/being effective" } }
• Gal 6:13-16 : 13 { "verseID": "Galatians.6.13", "source": "Οὐδὲ γὰρ οἱ περιτεμνόμενοι αὐτοὶ νόμον φυλάσσουσιν· ἀλλὰ θέλουσιν ὑμᾶς περιτέμνεσθαι, ἵνα ἐν τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ σαρκὶ καυχήσωνται.", "text": "For neither the ones *peritemnomenoi* themselves *nomon phylassousin*; but *thelousin* you *peritemnesthai*, that in the *hymetera sarki kauchēsōntai*.", "grammar": { "*peritemnomenoi*": "present, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being circumcised", "*nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - law", "*phylassousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd plural - they keep", "*thelousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd plural - they wish", "*peritemnesthai*": "present, passive, infinitive - to be circumcised", "*hymetera*": "dative, feminine, singular - your", "*sarki*": "dative, feminine, singular - flesh", "*kauchēsōntai*": "aorist, middle, subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might boast" }, "variants": { "*peritemnomenoi*": "being circumcised/those who receive circumcision", "*nomon*": "law/commandment/rule", "*phylassousin*": "they keep/observe/guard", "*thelousin*": "they wish/want/desire", "*peritemnesthai*": "to be circumcised", "*hymetera*": "your/yours", "*sarki*": "flesh/body/physical condition", "*kauchēsōntai*": "they might boast/glory/take pride" } } 14 { "verseID": "Galatians.6.14", "source": "Ἐμοὶ δὲ μὴ γένοιτο καυχᾶσθαι, εἰ μὴ ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, διʼ οὗ ἐμοὶ κόσμος ἐσταύρωται, κἀγὼ τῷ κόσμῳ.", "text": "But to me *mē genoito kauchasthai*, except in the *staurō tou Kyriou* of us *Iēsou Christou*, through whom to me *kosmos estaurōtai*, and I to the *kosmō*.", "grammar": { "*mē genoito*": "aorist, middle, optative, 3rd singular - may it not be", "*kauchasthai*": "present, middle/passive, infinitive - to boast", "*staurō*": "dative, masculine, singular - cross", "*tou Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the Lord", "*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Jesus Christ", "*kosmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - world", "*estaurōtai*": "perfect, passive, indicative, 3rd singular - has been crucified", "*kosmō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to world" }, "variants": { "*mē genoito*": "may it not be/far be it/God forbid", "*kauchasthai*": "to boast/glory/take pride", "*staurō*": "cross/crucifixion", "*tou Kyriou*": "of the Lord/master", "*Iēsou Christou*": "of Jesus Christ/the Messiah", "*kosmos*": "world/universe/order", "*estaurōtai*": "has been crucified/put to death", "*kosmō*": "to world/universe/order" } } 15 { "verseID": "Galatians.6.15", "source": "Ἐν γὰρ Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ οὔτε περιτομή τί ἰσχύει, οὔτε ἀκροβυστία, ἀλλὰ καινὴ κτίσις.", "text": "For in *Christō Iēsou* neither *peritomē ti ischuei*, nor *akrobystia*, but *kainē ktisis*.", "grammar": { "*Christō Iēsou*": "dative, masculine, singular - Christ Jesus", "*peritomē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - circumcision", "*ti*": "accusative, neuter, singular - anything", "*ischuei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd singular - is strong/avails", "*akrobystia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - uncircumcision", "*kainē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - new", "*ktisis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - creation" }, "variants": { "*Christō Iēsou*": "Christ Jesus/the Messiah Jesus", "*peritomē*": "circumcision/the circumcised", "*ti*": "anything/something", "*ischuei*": "is strong/avails/has power", "*akrobystia*": "uncircumcision/foreskin/the uncircumcised", "*kainē*": "new/renewed/fresh", "*ktisis*": "creation/creature/what is created" } } 16 { "verseID": "Galatians.6.16", "source": "Καὶ ὅσοι τῷ κανόνι τούτῳ στοιχήσουσιν, εἰρήνη ἐπʼ αὐτούς, καὶ ἔλεος, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "And as many as the *kanoni toutō stoichēsousin*, *eirēnē* upon them, and *eleos*, and upon the *Israēl tou Theou*.", "grammar": { "*kanoni*": "dative, masculine, singular - rule/standard", "*toutō*": "dative, masculine, singular - this", "*stoichēsousin*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd plural - will walk/follow", "*eirēnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - peace", "*eleos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - mercy", "*Israēl*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Israel", "*tou Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*kanoni*": "rule/standard/measure", "*toutō*": "this/this one", "*stoichēsousin*": "will walk/follow/conform to", "*eirēnē*": "peace/harmony/tranquility", "*eleos*": "mercy/compassion/pity", "*Israēl*": "Israel/the people of Israel", "*tou Theou*": "of God/belonging to God" } }
• Phil 3:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Philippians.3.2", "source": "Βλέπετε τοὺς κύνας, βλέπετε τοὺς κακοὺς ἐργάτας, βλέπετε τὴν κατατομήν.", "text": "*Blepete* the *kynas*, *blepete* the *kakous ergatas*, *blepete* the *katatomēn*.", "grammar": { "*blepete*": "imperative, present, active, 2nd person plural - look at/beware of", "*kynas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - dogs", "*kakous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, adjective - evil/bad", "*ergatas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - workers", "*katatomēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - mutilation/cutting" }, "variants": { "*blepete*": "look at/watch out for/beware of", "*kynas*": "dogs [derogatory term]", "*kakous*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*ergatas*": "workers/laborers", "*katatomēn*": "mutilation/cutting [wordplay contrasting with *peritomē* (circumcision)]" } } 3 { "verseID": "Philippians.3.3", "source": "Ἡμεῖς γάρ ἐσμεν ἡ περιτομή, οἱ πνεύματι Θεῷ λατρεύοντες, καὶ καυχώμενοι ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἐν σαρκὶ πεποιθότες.", "text": "*Hēmeis gar esmen* the *peritomē*, the ones *pneumati Theō latreuontes*, and *kauchōmenoi* in *Christō Iēsou*, and not in *sarki pepoithotes*.", "grammar": { "*Hēmeis*": "nominative, 1st person plural pronoun - we", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*esmen*": "indicative, present, active, 1st person plural - we are", "*peritomē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - circumcision", "*pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - spirit/by spirit", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God/for God", "*latreuontes*": "participle, present, active, nominative, masculine, plural - serving/worshipping", "*kauchōmenoi*": "participle, present, middle, nominative, masculine, plural - boasting/glorying", "*Christō*": "dative, masculine, singular - Christ", "*Iēsou*": "dative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*sarki*": "dative, feminine, singular - flesh", "*pepoithotes*": "participle, perfect, active, nominative, masculine, plural - having trusted/having confidence" }, "variants": { "*pneumati*": "in spirit/by spirit/through spirit", "*latreuontes*": "serving/worshipping [religious service]", "*kauchōmenoi*": "boasting/glorying/rejoicing", "*sarki*": "flesh/body/physical descent" } }
• Acts 15:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Acts.15.3", "source": "Οἱ μὲν οὖν προπεμφθέντες ὑπὸ τῆς ἐκκλησίας, διήρχοντο τὴν Φοινίκην καὶ Σαμάρειαν, ἐκδιηγούμενοι τὴν ἐπιστροφὴν τῶν Ἐθνῶν: καὶ ἐποίουν χαρὰν μεγάλην πᾶσιν τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς.", "text": "The *men oun propemphthentes hupo tēs ekklēsias*, were *diērchonto tēn Phoinikēn* and *Samareian*, *ekdiēgoumenoi tēn epistrophēn tōn Ethnōn*: and they were *epoioun charan megalēn pasin tois adelphois*.", "grammar": { "*men oun*": "particles - indeed therefore/then", "*propemphthentes*": "aorist participle, passive, nominative, masculine, plural - having been sent forth", "*hupo*": "preposition + genitive - by/under", "*tēs ekklēsias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the church/assembly", "*diērchonto*": "imperfect, middle, 3rd person, plural - were passing through", "*tēn Phoinikēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - Phoenicia", "*Samareian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - Samaria", "*ekdiēgoumenoi*": "present participle, middle, nominative, masculine, plural - narrating in detail", "*tēn epistrophēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the conversion/turning", "*tōn Ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of the Gentiles/nations", "*epoioun*": "imperfect, active, 3rd person, plural - were causing/making", "*charan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - joy", "*megalēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - great", "*pasin*": "dative, masculine, plural - to all", "*tois adelphois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the brothers" }, "variants": { "*propemphthentes*": "having been sent forth/accompanied/escorted", "*diērchonto*": "were passing through/traversing", "*ekdiēgoumenoi*": "describing in detail/relating thoroughly/narrating", "*epistrophēn*": "conversion/turning/return", "*Ethnōn*": "Gentiles/nations/peoples", "*epoioun*": "were causing/making/bringing about" } }
• John 7:22 : 22 { "verseID": "John.7.22", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο Μωσῆς δέδωκεν ὑμῖν τὴν περιτομήν· (οὐχ ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ Μωσέως ἐστίν, ἀλλʼ ἐκ τῶν πατέρων·) καὶ ἐν σαββάτῳ περιτέμνετε ἄνθρωπον.", "text": "Because of this *Mōsēs dedōken* to you the *peritomēn*; (not that from the *Mōseōs estin*, but from the *paterōn*;) and in *sabbatō peritemnetai anthrōpon*.", "grammar": { "*Mōsēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Moses", "*dedōken*": "perfect, 3rd singular - has given", "*peritomēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - circumcision", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Moses", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of fathers/ancestors", "*sabbatō*": "dative, neuter, singular - sabbath", "*peritemnetai*": "present indicative, 2nd plural - you circumcise", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man/person" }, "variants": { "*dedōken*": "has given/provided/established", "*peritomēn*": "circumcision/cutting around", "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/patriarchs", "*sabbatō*": "sabbath/seventh day", "*peritemnetai*": "you circumcise/cut around", "*anthrōpon*": "man/person/human being" } }
• Acts 21:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Acts.21.20", "source": "Οἱ δὲ ἀκούσαντες, ἐδόξαζον τὸν Κύριον, εἶπόν τε αὐτῷ, Θεωρεῖς, ἀδελφέ, πόσαι μυριάδες εἰσὶν Ἰουδαίων τῶν πεπιστευκότων· καὶ πάντες ζηλωταὶ τοῦ νόμου ὑπάρχουσιν:", "text": "The *de* *akousantes*, *edoxazon* the *Kyrion*, *eipon* *te* to him, *Theōreis*, *adelphe*, how many *myriades* *eisin* of *Ioudaiōn* the *pepisteukotōn*; and all *zēlōtai* of the *nomou* *hyparchousin*:", "grammar": { "*akousantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having heard", "*de*": "post-positive particle - but/and/now", "*edoxazon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were glorifying [continuous]", "*Kyrion*": "accusative masculine singular - Lord", "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they said", "*te*": "post-positive particle - and/both", "*Theōreis*": "present active indicative, 2nd person singular - you observe/see", "*adelphe*": "vocative masculine singular - brother", "*myriades*": "nominative feminine plural - tens of thousands/multitudes", "*eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - are", "*Ioudaiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of Jews", "*pepisteukotōn*": "perfect active participle, genitive masculine plural - having believed [with continuing results]", "*zēlōtai*": "nominative masculine plural - zealots/zealous ones", "*nomou*": "genitive masculine singular - of law", "*hyparchousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - exist/are" }, "variants": { "*akousantes*": "hearing/having heard/when they heard", "*zēlōtai*": "zealots/zealous ones/committed adherents", "*nomou*": "law/Torah/Mosaic law", "*hyparchousin*": "exist/are/are in a state of" } }
• Rom 4:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Romans.4.8", "source": "Μακάριος ἀνὴρ ᾧ οὐ μὴ λογίσηται Κύριος ἁμαρτίαν.", "text": "*Makarios* *anēr* to whom not not *logisētai* *Kyrios* *hamartian*.", "grammar": { "*Makarios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - blessed/happy", "*anēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man", "*hō*": "dative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - to whom", "*ou mē*": "emphatic double negative - certainly not", "*logisētai*": "aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd person singular - will reckon/count", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sin" }, "variants": { "*Makarios*": "blessed/happy", "*anēr*": "man/male person", "*logisētai*": "will reckon/count/credit", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master", "*hamartian*": "sin/failure/transgression" } } 9 { "verseID": "Romans.4.9", "source": "Ὁ μακαρισμὸς οὖν οὗτος ἐπὶ τὴν περιτομήν, ἢ καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν ἀκροβυστίαν; λέγομεν γὰρ ὅτι Ἐλογίσθη τῷ Ἀβραὰμ ἡ πίστις εἰς δικαιοσύνην.", "text": "The *makarismos* *oun* this *epi* the *peritomēn*, or also *epi* the *akrobystian*? we *legomen* *gar* that was *Elogisthē* to the *Abraam* the *pistis* for *dikaiosynēn*.", "grammar": { "*Ho makarismos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the blessedness", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - this", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - upon/for", "*tēn peritomēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the circumcision", "*ē*": "disjunctive conjunction - or", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - upon/for", "*tēn akrobystian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the uncircumcision", "*legomen*": "present active indicative, 1st person plural - we say", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*Elogisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was reckoned", "*tō Abraam*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Abraham", "*hē pistis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the faith", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - for/unto", "*dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*makarismos*": "blessedness/happiness/blessing", "*peritomēn*": "circumcision/circumcised people", "*akrobystian*": "uncircumcision/uncircumcised people", "*Elogisthē*": "was reckoned/counted/credited", "*pistis*": "faith/trust/belief", "*dikaiosynēn*": "righteousness/justice" } } 10 { "verseID": "Romans.4.10", "source": "Πῶς οὖν ἐλογίσθη; ἐν περιτομῇ ὄντι, ἢ ἐν ἀκροβυστίᾳ; Οὐκ ἐν περιτομῇ, ἀλλʼ ἐν ἀκροβυστίᾳ.", "text": "How *oun* was it *elogisthē*? in *peritomē* *onti*, or in *akrobystia*? Not in *peritomē*, but in *akrobystia*.", "grammar": { "*Pōs*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*elogisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was reckoned", "*en peritomē*": "dative, feminine, singular - in circumcision", "*onti*": "dative, masculine, singular, present active participle - being", "*ē*": "disjunctive conjunction - or", "*en akrobystia*": "dative, feminine, singular - in uncircumcision", "*Ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*en peritomē*": "dative, feminine, singular - in circumcision", "*all*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*en akrobystia*": "dative, feminine, singular - in uncircumcision" }, "variants": { "*elogisthē*": "was reckoned/counted/credited", "*peritomē*": "circumcision/circumcised state", "*onti*": "being/existing", "*akrobystia*": "uncircumcision/uncircumcised state" } } 11 { "verseID": "Romans.4.11", "source": "Καὶ σημεῖον ἔλαβεν περιτομῆς, σφραγῖδα τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῆς πίστεως τῆς ἐν τῇ ἀκροβυστίᾳ: εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν πατέρα πάντων τῶν πιστευόντων, διʼ ἀκροβυστίας· εἰς τὸ λογισθῆναι καὶ αὐτοῖς τὴν δικαιοσύνην:", "text": "And *sēmeion* he *elaben* of *peritomēs*, a *sphragida* of the *dikaiosynēs* of the *pisteōs* of the in the *akrobystia*: for the *einai* him *patera* of all the ones *pisteuontōn*, through *akrobystias*; for the *logisthēnai* also to them the *dikaiosynēn*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*sēmeion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - sign", "*elaben*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he received", "*peritomēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of circumcision", "*sphragida*": "accusative, feminine, singular - seal", "*tēs dikaiosynēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the righteousness", "*tēs pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the faith", "*tēs en tē akrobystia*": "genitive with prepositional phrase - of that in the uncircumcision", "*eis to einai*": "preposition with articular infinitive - for to be", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - father", "*pantōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of all", "*tōn pisteuontōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, present active participle - of the ones believing", "*di' akrobystias*": "genitive with preposition - through uncircumcision", "*eis to logisthēnai*": "preposition with articular aorist passive infinitive - for to be reckoned", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*autois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to them", "*tēn dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the righteousness" }, "variants": { "*sēmeion*": "sign/token/indication", "*elaben*": "received/took/obtained", "*peritomēs*": "circumcision", "*sphragida*": "seal/confirmation/mark", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief", "*akrobystia*": "uncircumcision/uncircumcised state", "*einai*": "to be/exist", "*patera*": "father/ancestor", "*pisteuontōn*": "believing/trusting", "*logisthēnai*": "to be reckoned/counted/credited" } } 12 { "verseID": "Romans.4.12", "source": "Καὶ πατέρα περιτομῆς τοῖς οὐκ ἐκ περιτομῆς μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς στοιχοῦσιν τοῖς ἴχνεσιν τῆς ἐν τῇ ἀκροβυστίᾳ, πίστεως τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν Ἀβραάμ.", "text": "And *patera* of *peritomēs* to those not from *peritomēs* *monon*, but also to those *stoichousin* in the *ichnesin* of the in the *akrobystia*, *pisteōs* of the *patros* of us *Abraam*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - father", "*peritomēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of circumcision", "*tois ouk ek peritomēs*": "dative, masculine, plural with negative - to those not from circumcision", "*monon*": "adverb - only", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*tois stoichousin*": "dative, masculine, plural, present active participle - to those walking/following", "*tois ichnesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - in the footsteps", "*tēs en tē akrobystia*": "genitive with prepositional phrase - of the in the uncircumcision", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith", "*tou patros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the father", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, 1st person plural - of us", "*Abraam*": "genitive, masculine - Abraham" }, "variants": { "*patera*": "father/ancestor", "*peritomēs*": "circumcision/circumcised people", "*monon*": "only/merely", "*stoichousin*": "walking/following/living in line with", "*ichnesin*": "footsteps/tracks/path", "*akrobystia*": "uncircumcision/uncircumcised state", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief", "*patros*": "father/ancestor" } }
• Acts 15:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Acts.15.22", "source": "Τότε ἔδοξεν τοῖς ἀποστόλοις καὶ τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις, σὺν ὅλῃ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ, ἐκλεξαμένους ἄνδρας ἐξ αὐτῶν πέμψαι εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν σὺν τῷ Παύλῳ καὶ Βαρνάβᾳ· Ἰούδαν τὸν ἐπικαλούμενον Βαρσαββᾶν, καὶ Σιλᾶν, ἄνδρας ἡγουμένους ἐν τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς:", "text": "Then it *edoxen tois apostolois* and the *presbuterois*, with the whole *ekklēsia*, having *eklexamenous andras* from them to *pempsai* into *Antiocheian* with *tō Paulō* and *Barnaba*; *Ioudan ton epikaloumenon Barsabban*, and *Silan*, *andras hēgoumenous en tois adelphois*:", "grammar": { "*tote*": "adverb - then", "*edoxen*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd person, singular - it seemed good", "*tois apostolois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the apostles", "*tois presbuterois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the elders", "*sun*": "preposition + dative - with", "*holē*": "dative, feminine, singular - whole", "*tē ekklēsia*": "dative, feminine, singular - the church/assembly", "*eklexamenous*": "aorist participle, middle, accusative, masculine, plural - having chosen/selected", "*andras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - men", "*ex*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - them", "*pempsai*": "aorist, infinitive, active - to send", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to/into", "*Antiocheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - Antioch", "*sun*": "preposition + dative - with", "*tō Paulō*": "dative, masculine, singular - Paul", "*Barnaba*": "dative, masculine, singular - Barnabas", "*Ioudan*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Judas", "*ton epikaloumenon*": "accusative, masculine, singular, present participle, passive - the one being called/named", "*Barsabban*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Barsabbas", "*Silan*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Silas", "*andras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - men", "*hēgoumenous*": "present participle, middle, accusative, masculine, plural - leading/chief", "*en*": "preposition + dative - among", "*tois adelphois*": "dative, masculine, plural - the brothers" }, "variants": { "*edoxen*": "it seemed good/it was decided/it pleased", "*eklexamenous*": "having chosen/selected/picked", "*pempsai*": "to send/dispatch", "*epikaloumenon*": "being called/surnamed/named", "*hēgoumenous*": "leading/chief/prominent" } }
• Gen 17:10-27 : 10 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.10", "source": "זֹ֣את בְּרִיתִ֞י אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּשְׁמְר֗וּ בֵּינִי֙ וּבֵ֣ינֵיכֶ֔ם וּבֵ֥ין זַרְעֲךָ֖ אַחֲרֶ֑יךָ הִמּ֥וֹל לָכֶ֖ם כָּל־זָכָֽר׃", "text": "*zōʾt* *bərîtî* *ʾăšer* *tišmərû* *bênî* *û-ḇênêḵem* *û-ḇên* *zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā* *himmôl* *lāḵem* *kol*-*zāḵār*", "grammar": { "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun feminine singular - this", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*tišmərû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall keep", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*û-ḇênêḵem*": "conjunction + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and between you (plural)", "*û-ḇên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*zarʿăḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you", "*himmôl*": "niphal infinitive absolute - to be circumcised", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for yourselves", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - every", "*zāḵār*": "noun masculine singular - male" }, "variants": { "*tišmərû*": "keep/observe/guard/preserve (plural)", "*himmôl*": "to be circumcised/circumcising", "*zāḵār*": "male/man-child" } } 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.11", "source": "וּנְמַלְתֶּ֕ם אֵ֖ת בְּשַׂ֣ר עָרְלַתְכֶ֑ם וְהָיָה֙ לְא֣וֹת בְּרִ֔ית בֵּינִ֖י וּבֵינֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*û-nəmaltem* *ʾēt* *bəśar* *ʿorlat'ḵem* *wə-hāyāh* *lə-ʾôt* *bərît* *bênî* *û-ḇênêḵem*", "grammar": { "*û-nəmaltem*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall circumcise", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlat'ḵem*": "noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your foreskin", "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*lə-ʾôt*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - for a sign of", "*bərît*": "noun feminine singular - covenant", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*û-ḇênêḵem*": "conjunction + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and between you (plural)" }, "variants": { "*bəśar*": "flesh/body/skin/meat", "*ʿorlah*": "foreskin/uncircumcision", "*ʾôt*": "sign/mark/token/symbol" } } 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.12", "source": "וּבֶן־שְׁמֹנַ֣ת יָמִ֗ים יִמּ֥וֹל לָכֶ֛ם כָּל־זָכָ֖ר לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶ֑ם יְלִ֣יד בָּ֔יִת וּמִקְנַת־כֶּ֙סֶף֙ מִכֹּ֣ל בֶּן־נֵכָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹ֥א מִֽזַּרְעֲךָ֖ הֽוּא׃", "text": "*û-ḇen*-*šəmōnat* *yāmîm* *yimmôl* *lāḵem* *kol*-*zāḵār* *lə-ḏōrōtêḵem* *yəlîḏ* *bāyit* *û-miqnat*-*kesep̄* *mikkōl* *ben*-*nēḵār* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ* *mi-zarʿăḵā* *hûʾ*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇen*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - and son of", "*šəmōnat*": "cardinal number feminine singular construct - eight of", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - days", "*yimmôl*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - shall be circumcised", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for you (plural)", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - every", "*zāḵār*": "noun masculine singular - male", "*lə-ḏōrōtêḵem*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - throughout your generations", "*yəlîḏ*": "noun masculine singular construct - one born in", "*bāyit*": "noun masculine singular - house", "*û-miqnat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and acquisition of", "*kesep̄*": "noun masculine singular - money/silver", "*mikkōl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from every", "*ben*": "noun masculine singular construct - son of", "*nēḵār*": "noun masculine singular - foreigner/stranger", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*mi-zarʿăḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your offspring", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*yəlîḏ bāyit*": "house-born/born in household/home-born slave", "*miqnat-kesep̄*": "purchased with money/bought with silver", "*ben-nēḵār*": "foreigner/stranger/alien" } } 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.13", "source": "הִמּ֧וֹל ׀ יִמּ֛וֹל יְלִ֥יד בּֽ͏ֵיתְךָ֖ וּמִקְנַ֣ת כַּסְפֶּ֑ךָ וְהָיְתָ֧ה בְרִיתִ֛י בִּבְשַׂרְכֶ֖ם לִבְרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*himmôl* *yimmôl* *yəlîḏ* *bêtəḵā* *û-miqnat* *kaspekā* *wə-hāytāh* *bərîtî* *bi-ḇśarḵem* *li-ḇərît* *ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*himmôl*": "niphal infinitive absolute - circumcising", "*yimmôl*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - must be circumcised", "*yəlîḏ*": "noun masculine singular construct - one born in", "*bêtəḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your house", "*û-miqnat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and acquisition of", "*kaspekā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your money/silver", "*wə-hāytāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and it shall be", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*bi-ḇśarḵem*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your flesh", "*li-ḇərît*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - for a covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity" }, "variants": { "*himmôl yimmôl*": "must certainly be circumcised (emphatic infinitive construction)", "*bi-ḇśarḵem*": "in your flesh/in your body/physically marked", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/perpetual/eternal/indefinite time" } } 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.14", "source": "וְעָרֵ֣ל ׀ זָכָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יִמּוֹל֙ אֶת־בְּשַׂ֣ר עָרְלָת֔וֹ וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵעַמֶּ֑יהָ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֖י הֵפַֽר׃", "text": "*wə-ʿārēl* *zāḵār* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*yimmôl* *ʾet*-*bəśar* *ʿorlātô* *wə-niḵrətāh* *han-nep̄eš* *ha-hiwʾ* *mē-ʿammeyhā* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *hēp̄ar*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿārēl*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and uncircumcised", "*zāḵār*": "noun masculine singular - male", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yimmôl*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - is circumcised", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his foreskin", "*wə-niḵrətāh*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and shall be cut off", "*han-nep̄eš*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the soul/person", "*ha-hiwʾ*": "definite article + 3rd person feminine singular pronoun - that", "*mē-ʿammeyhā*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - from her peoples", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*hēp̄ar*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has broken" }, "variants": { "*ʿārēl*": "uncircumcised/foreskinned", "*niḵrətāh*": "cut off/removed/excluded/destroyed", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/person/self", "*hēp̄ar*": "broken/violated/nullified/made ineffective" } } 15 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֔ם שָׂרַ֣י אִשְׁתְּךָ֔ לֹא־תִקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמָ֖הּ שָׂרָ֑י כִּ֥י שָׂרָ֖ה שְׁמָֽהּ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾĔlōhîm* *ʾel*-*ʾAḇrāhām* *Śāray* *ʾištəḵā* *lōʾ*-*tiqrāʾ* *ʾet*-*šəmāh* *Śārāy* *kî* *Śārāh* *šəmāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*Śāray*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarai", "*ʾištəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wife", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiqrāʾ*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall call", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šəmāh*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her name", "*Śārāy*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarai", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*Śārāh*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarah", "*šəmāh*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her name" }, "variants": { "*Śāray*": "my princess/contentious/quarrelsome", "*Śārāh*": "princess/noblewoman/lady" } } 16 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.16", "source": "וּבֵרַכְתִּ֣י אֹתָ֔הּ וְגַ֨ם נָתַ֧תִּי מִמֶּ֛נָּה לְךָ֖ בֵּ֑ן וּבֵֽרַכְתִּ֙יהָ֙ וְהָֽיְתָ֣ה לְגוֹיִ֔ם מַלְכֵ֥י עַמִּ֖ים מִמֶּ֥נָּה יִהְיֽוּ׃", "text": "*û-ḇēraḵtî* *ʾōtāh* *wə-gam* *nātattî* *mimmennāh* *ləḵā* *bēn* *û-ḇēraḵtîhā* *wə-hāytāh* *lə-gôyim* *malḵê* *ʿammîm* *mimmennāh* *yihyû*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇēraḵtî*": "conjunction + piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will bless", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her", "*wə-gam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I will give", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - from her", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bēn*": "noun masculine singular - son", "*û-ḇēraḵtîhā*": "conjunction + piel perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and I will bless her", "*wə-hāytāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and she shall be/become", "*lə-gôyim*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - into nations", "*malḵê*": "noun masculine plural construct - kings of", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - from her", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be" }, "variants": { "*bēraḵtî*": "bless/kneel/praise", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } } 17 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.17", "source": "וַיִּפֹּ֧ל אַבְרָהָ֛ם עַל־פָּנָ֖יו וַיִּצְחָ֑ק וַיֹּ֣אמֶר בְּלִבּ֗וֹ הַלְּבֶ֤ן מֵאָֽה־שָׁנָה֙ יִוָּלֵ֔ד וְאִ֨ם־שָׂרָ֔ה הֲבַת־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה תֵּלֵֽד׃", "text": "*wa-yippōl* *ʾAḇrāhām* *ʿal*-*pānāyw* *wa-yiṣḥāq* *wa-yōʾmer* *bə-libbô* *ha-ləḇen* *mēʾāh*-*šānāh* *yiwwālēḏ* *wə-ʾim*-*Śārāh* *hă-ḇat*-*tišʿîm* *šānāh* *tēlēḏ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yippōl*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fell", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*pānāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*wa-yiṣḥāq*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he laughed", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*bə-libbô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his heart", "*ha-ləḇen*": "interrogative particle + preposition + noun masculine singular - to the son of", "*mēʾāh*": "cardinal number - hundred", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*yiwwālēḏ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be born", "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*Śārāh*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarah", "*hă-ḇat*": "interrogative particle + noun feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*tišʿîm*": "cardinal number - ninety", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*tēlēḏ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will bear/give birth" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiṣḥāq*": "and he laughed/rejoiced/played/mocked", "*bə-libbô*": "in his heart/in himself/in his mind", "*tēlēḏ*": "bear/give birth/bring forth" } } 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.18", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אַבְרָהָ֖ם אֶל־הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֑ים ל֥וּ יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל יִחְיֶ֥ה לְפָנֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾAḇrāhām* *ʾel*-*hā-ʾĔlōhîm* *lû* *Yišmāʿēʾl* *yiḥyeh* *lə-p̄āneḵā*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*hā-ʾĔlōhîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the God", "*lû*": "particle of wish - O that/would that/if only", "*Yišmāʿēʾl*": "proper noun masculine singular - Ishmael", "*yiḥyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - might live", "*lə-p̄āneḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you/in your presence" }, "variants": { "*lû*": "O that/would that/if only (expressing wish or desire)", "*yiḥyeh*": "live/be alive/survive/prosper", "*lə-p̄āneḵā*": "before you/in your presence/in your sight" } } 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.19", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֗ים אֲבָל֙ שָׂרָ֣ה אִשְׁתְּךָ֗ יֹלֶ֤דֶת לְךָ֙ בֵּ֔ן וְקָרָ֥אתָ אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ יִצְחָ֑ק וַהֲקִמֹתִ֨י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֥י אִתּ֛וֹ לִבְרִ֥ית עוֹלָ֖ם לְזַרְע֥וֹ אַחֲרָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾĔlōhîm* *ʾăḇāl* *Śārāh* *ʾištəḵā* *yōleḏet* *ləḵā* *bēn* *wə-qārāʾtā* *ʾet*-*šəmô* *Yiṣḥāq* *wa-hăqîmōtî* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *ʾittô* *li-ḇərît* *ʿôlām* *lə-zarʿô* *ʾaḥărāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*ʾăḇāl*": "adverb - truly/indeed/nevertheless", "*Śārāh*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarah", "*ʾištəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wife", "*yōleḏet*": "qal participle feminine singular - is bearing/will bear", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bēn*": "noun masculine singular - son", "*wə-qārāʾtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall call", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šəmô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun masculine singular - Isaac", "*wa-hăqîmōtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will establish", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*li-ḇərît*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - for a covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity", "*lə-zarʿô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for his seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - after him" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḇāl*": "truly/indeed/nevertheless/but", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "he laughs/laughter (related to Abraham's laughing)", "*hăqîmōtî*": "establish/confirm/ratify/fulfill" } } 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.20", "source": "וּֽלְיִשְׁמָעֵאל֘ שְׁמַעְתִּיךָ֒ הִנֵּ֣ה ׀ בֵּרַ֣כְתִּי אֹת֗וֹ וְהִפְרֵיתִ֥י אֹת֛וֹ וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֥י אֹת֖וֹ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֤ר נְשִׂיאִם֙ יוֹלִ֔יד וּנְתַתִּ֖יו לְג֥וֹי גָּדֽוֹל׃", "text": "*û-lə-Yišmāʿēʾl* *šəmaʿtîḵā* *hinnēh* *bēraḵtî* *ʾōtô* *wə-hip̄rêtî* *ʾōtô* *wə-hirbêtî* *ʾōtô* *bi-məʾōḏ* *məʾōḏ* *šənêm*-*ʿāśār* *nəśîʾîm* *yôlîḏ* *û-nətattîw* *lə-gôy* *gāḏôl*", "grammar": { "*û-lə-Yišmāʿēʾl*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun masculine singular - and concerning Ishmael", "*šəmaʿtîḵā*": "qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have heard you", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*bēraḵtî*": "piel perfect 1st person singular - I have blessed", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*wə-hip̄rêtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make fruitful", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*wə-hirbêtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will multiply", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*bi-məʾōḏ*": "preposition + noun - in abundance/exceedingly", "*məʾōḏ*": "noun - very much/exceedingly (repetition for emphasis)", "*šənêm*": "cardinal number dual construct - two of", "*ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - ten", "*nəśîʾîm*": "noun masculine plural - princes/chiefs/rulers", "*yôlîḏ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will beget", "*û-nətattîw*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make him", "*lə-gôy*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - for a nation", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great/large" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿtîḵā*": "I have heard you/I have listened to you", "*nəśîʾîm*": "princes/chiefs/rulers/leaders", "*gôy gāḏôl*": "great nation/large people/mighty nation" } } 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.21", "source": "וְאֶת־בְּרִיתִ֖י אָקִ֣ים אֶת־יִצְחָ֑ק אֲשֶׁר֩ תֵּלֵ֨ד לְךָ֤ שָׂרָה֙ לַמּוֹעֵ֣ד הַזֶּ֔ה בַּשָּׁנָ֖ה הָאַחֶֽרֶת׃", "text": "*wə-ʾet*-*bərîtî* *ʾāqîm* *ʾet*-*Yiṣḥāq* *ʾăšer* *tēlēḏ* *ləḵā* *Śārāh* *lam-môʿēḏ* *haz-zeh* *baš-šānāh* *hā-ʾaḥeret*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾāqîm*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will establish", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun masculine singular - Isaac", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*tēlēḏ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will bear", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*Śārāh*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarah", "*lam-môʿēḏ*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - at the appointed time", "*haz-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*baš-šānāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the year", "*hā-ʾaḥeret*": "definite article + adjective feminine singular - the next/other" }, "variants": { "*ʾāqîm*": "establish/set up/confirm/fulfill", "*môʿēḏ*": "appointed time/season/festival", "*hā-ʾaḥeret*": "the next/the other/the following" } } 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.22", "source": "וַיְכַ֖ל לְדַבֵּ֣ר אִתּ֑וֹ וַיַּ֣עַל אֱלֹהִ֔ים מֵעַ֖ל אַבְרָהָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yəḵal* *lə-ḏabbēr* *ʾittô* *wa-yaʿal* *ʾĔlōhîm* *mē-ʿal* *ʾAḇrāhām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəḵal*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he finished", "*lə-ḏabbēr*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - speaking", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*wa-yaʿal*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and went up", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*mē-ʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəḵal*": "finished/completed/ended", "*wa-yaʿal*": "went up/ascended/departed", "*mē-ʿal*": "from upon/from over/from above" } } 23 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.23", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֨ח אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֶת־יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בְּנ֗וֹ וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־יְלִידֵ֤י בֵיתוֹ֙ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מִקְנַ֣ת כַּסְפּ֔וֹ כָּל־זָכָ֕ר בְּאַנְשֵׁ֖י בֵּ֣ית אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיָּ֜מָל אֶת־בְּשַׂ֣ר עָרְלָתָ֗ם בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wa-yiqqaḥ* *ʾAḇrāhām* *ʾet*-*Yišmāʿēʾl* *bənô* *wə-ʾēt* *kol*-*yəlîḏê* *ḇêtô* *wə-ʾēt* *kol*-*miqnat* *kaspô* *kol*-*zāḵār* *bə-ʾanšê* *bêt* *ʾAḇrāhām* *wa-yāmol* *ʾet*-*bəśar* *ʿorlātām* *bə-ʿeṣem* *hay-yôm* *haz-zeh* *ka-ʾăšer* *dibber* *ʾittô* *ʾĔlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and took", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yišmāʿēʾl*": "proper noun masculine singular - Ishmael", "*bənô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son", "*wə-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəlîḏê*": "noun masculine plural construct - those born in", "*ḇêtô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*wə-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*miqnat*": "noun feminine singular construct - purchase of", "*kaspô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his money", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - every", "*zāḵār*": "noun masculine singular - male", "*bə-ʾanšê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - among the men of", "*bêt*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*wa-yāmol*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and circumcised", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātām*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their foreskin", "*bə-ʿeṣem*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - in the bone/substance of", "*hay-yôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day", "*haz-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - just as", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - had spoken", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God" }, "variants": { "*yəlîḏê ḇêtô*": "those born in his house/house-born slaves", "*miqnat kaspô*": "purchased with his money/bought with his silver", "*bə-ʿeṣem hay-yôm haz-zeh*": "in this very day/on this selfsame day/on this exact day" } } 24 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.24", "source": "וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם בֶּן־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וָתֵ֖שַׁע שָׁנָ֑ה בְּהִמֹּל֖וֹ בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾAḇrāhām* *ben*-*tišʿîm* *wā-tēšaʿ* *šānāh* *bə-himmōlô* *bəśar* *ʿorlātô*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾAḇrāhām*": "conjunction + proper noun masculine singular - and Abraham", "*ben*": "noun masculine singular construct - son of", "*tišʿîm*": "cardinal number - ninety", "*wā-tēšaʿ*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and nine", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*bə-himmōlô*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - when he was circumcised", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his foreskin" }, "variants": { "*bə-himmōlô*": "when he was circumcised/in his being circumcised", "*bəśar ʿorlātô*": "flesh of his foreskin/his foreskin" } } 25 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.25", "source": "וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בְּנ֔וֹ בֶּן־שְׁלֹ֥שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה שָׁנָ֑ה בְּהִ֨מֹּל֔וֹ אֵ֖ת בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-Yišmāʿēʾl* *bənô* *ben*-*šəlōš* *ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *bə-himmōlô* *ʾēt* *bəśar* *ʿorlātô*", "grammar": { "*wə-Yišmāʿēʾl*": "conjunction + proper noun masculine singular - and Ishmael", "*bənô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son", "*ben*": "noun masculine singular construct - son of", "*šəlōš*": "cardinal number feminine singular construct - three of", "*ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number feminine singular - ten", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*bə-himmōlô*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - when he was circumcised", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his foreskin" }, "variants": { "*šəlōš ʿeśrēh*": "thirteen", "*bə-himmōlô*": "when he was circumcised/in his being circumcised" } } 26 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.26", "source": "בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה נִמּ֖וֹל אַבְרָהָ֑ם וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל בְּנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*bə-ʿeṣem* *hay-yôm* *haz-zeh* *nimmôl* *ʾAḇrāhām* *wə-Yišmāʿēʾl* *bənô*", "grammar": { "*bə-ʿeṣem*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - in the bone/substance of", "*hay-yôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day", "*haz-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*nimmôl*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was circumcised", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*wə-Yišmāʿēʾl*": "conjunction + proper noun masculine singular - and Ishmael", "*bənô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son" }, "variants": { "*bə-ʿeṣem hay-yôm haz-zeh*": "in this very day/on this selfsame day/on this exact day", "*nimmôl*": "was circumcised/became circumcised" } } 27 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.27", "source": "וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֤י בֵיתוֹ֙ יְלִ֣יד בָּ֔יִת וּמִקְנַת־כֶּ֖סֶף מֵאֵ֣ת בֶּן־נֵכָ֑ר נִמֹּ֖לוּ אִתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-ḵol*-*ʾanšê* *ḇêtô* *yəlîḏ* *bāyit* *û-miqnat*-*kesep̄* *mē-ʾēt* *ben*-*nēḵār* *nimmōlû* *ʾittô*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵol*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - and all of", "*ʾanšê*": "noun masculine plural construct - men of", "*ḇêtô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*yəlîḏ*": "noun masculine singular construct - one born in", "*bāyit*": "noun masculine singular - house", "*û-miqnat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and acquisition of", "*kesep̄*": "noun masculine singular - money/silver", "*mē-ʾēt*": "preposition + preposition - from", "*ben*": "noun masculine singular construct - son of", "*nēḵār*": "noun masculine singular - foreigner/stranger", "*nimmōlû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - were circumcised", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšê ḇêtô*": "men of his house/his household males", "*yəlîḏ bāyit*": "house-born/born in the household/home-born slave", "*ben-nēḵār*": "foreigner/stranger/alien" } }