Verse 7

{ "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.3.7", "source": "עֵ֤ת לִקְר֙וֹעַ֙ וְעֵ֣ת לִתְפּ֔וֹר עֵ֥ת לַחֲשׁ֖וֹת וְעֵ֥ת לְדַבֵּֽר׃", "text": "*ʿēt* to-*liqrôaʿ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*liṯpôr*, *ʿēt* to-*laḥăšôṯ* *wə*-*ʿēt* to-*ləḏabbēr*", "grammar": { "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - time of", "*li*": "preposition prefix - to/for", "*qrôaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to tear/rend", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*liṯpôr*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to sew", "*laḥăšôṯ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to be silent", "*ləḏabbēr*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - to speak" }, "variants": { "*qrôaʿ*": "to tear/rend/tear apart", "*ṯpôr*": "to sew/mend", "*ḥăšôṯ*": "to be silent/quiet/still", "*ḏabbēr*": "to speak/talk/declare" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Amos 5:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Amos.5.13", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן הַמַּשְׂכִּ֛יל בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִ֖יא יִדֹּ֑ם כִּ֛י עֵ֥ת רָעָ֖ה הִֽיא׃", "text": "Therefore *ha-maśkîl* *bā-ʿēt* *ha-hîʾ* *yiddōm*, for *ʿēt* *rāʿāh* *hîʾ*", "grammar": { "*ha-maśkîl*": "definite article + participle, hiphil, masculine singular - the one being prudent", "*bā-ʿēt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the time", "*ha-hîʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - that", "*yiddōm*": "imperfect, qal, 3rd masculine singular - he will be silent", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular - time", "*rāʿāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - evil/bad", "*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - she/it" }, "variants": { "*maśkîl*": "one being prudent/wise/insightful/successful", "*yiddōm*": "will be silent/will keep quiet", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/bad/harmful/unpleasant" } }
  • Gen 37:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.29", "source": "וַיָּ֤שָׁב רְאוּבֵן֙ אֶל־הַבּ֔וֹר וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵין־יוֹסֵ֖ף בַּבּ֑וֹר וַיִּקְרַ֖ע אֶת־בְּגָדָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wə-yāšāḇ* *rəʾûḇēn* to-the *ha-bbôr*, and *wə-hinnê* *ʾên*-*yôsēp̄* in the *ba-bbôr*; and *wə-yiqraʿ* *ʾeṯ*-his *bəḡāḏāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāšāḇ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he returned'", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*ha-bbôr*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - 'the pit'", "*wə-hinnê*": "conjunction with demonstrative particle - 'and behold'", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - 'there was not'", "*ba-bbôr*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - 'in the pit'", "*wə-yiqraʿ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he tore'", "*bəḡāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his clothes'" }, "variants": { "*yiqraʿ*": "tore/rent/ripped" } }
  • Gen 37:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.34", "source": "וַיִּקְרַ֤ע יַעֲקֹב֙ שִׂמְלֹתָ֔יו וַיָּ֥שֶׂם שַׂ֖ק בְּמָתְנָ֑יו וַיִּתְאַבֵּ֥ל עַל־בְּנ֖וֹ יָמִ֥ים רַבִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wə-yiqraʿ* *yaʿăqōḇ* his *śiməlōṯāyw* and *wə-yāśem* *śaq* on his *bə-māṯnāyw*; and *wə-yiṯʾabbēl* for-his *ʿal-bənô* *yāmîm* *rabbîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqraʿ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he tore'", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Jacob'", "*śiməlōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his garments'", "*wə-yāśem*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he put'", "*śaq*": "noun, masculine singular - 'sackcloth'", "*bə-māṯnāyw*": "preposition with noun, dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'on his loins'", "*wə-yiṯʾabbēl*": "waw-consecutive with hitpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he mourned'", "*ʿal-bənô*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'for his son'", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'days'", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - 'many'" }, "variants": { "*śaq*": "sackcloth/rough cloth/garment of mourning", "*māṯnāyw*": "loins/waist/hips" } }
  • Gen 44:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.44.18", "source": "וַיִּגַּ֨שׁ אֵלָ֜יו יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיֹּאמֶר֮ בִּ֣י אֲדֹנִי֒ יְדַבֶּר־נָ֨א עַבְדְּךָ֤ דָבָר֙ בְּאָזְנֵ֣י אֲדֹנִ֔י וְאַל־יִ֥חַר אַפְּךָ֖ בְּעַבְדֶּ֑ךָ כִּ֥י כָמ֖וֹךָ כְּפַרְעֹֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiggaš* to him *ʾēlāyw* *yəhûdâ* and *wayyōʾmer* Oh *bî* my lord *ʾădōnî* let speak *yədabber*-please *nāʾ* your servant *ʿabdəkā* a word *dābār* in *bəʾoznê* my lord *ʾădōnî* and do not *wəʾal*-let be kindled *yiḥar* your anger *ʾappəkā* against *bəʿabdekā* for *kî* like you *kāmôkā* like *kəparʿōh*", "grammar": { "*wayyiggaš*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he approached", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - please/in me", "*ʾădōnî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*yədabber*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let speak", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʿabdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - a word", "*bəʾoznê*": "preposition + feminine dual construct - in ears of", "*ʾădōnî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*wəʾal*": "waw-conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yiḥar*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let be kindled", "*ʾappəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your anger", "*bəʿabdekā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - against your servant", "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*kāmôkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - like you", "*kəparʿōh*": "preposition + proper noun - like Pharaoh" }, "variants": { "*wayyiggaš*": "approached/came near/drew near", "*bî*": "Oh/Please/I pray", "*yədabber*": "let speak/may speak/speak", "*nāʾ*": "please/I pray", "*ʿabdəkā*": "your servant/your slave", "*dābār*": "a word/something", "*bəʾoznê*": "in the ears of/in the hearing of", "*yiḥar*": "be kindled/burn/be angry", "*ʾappəkā*": "your anger/your wrath/your nose", "*kāmôkā*": "like you/as you are", "*kəparʿōh*": "like Pharaoh/as Pharaoh/equal to Pharaoh" } }
  • Gen 44:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Genesis.44.34", "source": "כִּי־אֵיךְ֙ אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה אֶל־אָבִ֔י וְהַנַּ֖עַר אֵינֶ֣נּוּ אִתִּ֑י פֶּ֚ן אֶרְאֶ֣ה בָרָ֔ע אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִמְצָ֖א אֶת־אָבִֽי׃", "text": "For *kî*-how *ʾêk* shall I go up *ʾeʿĕleh* to *ʾel*-my father *ʾābî* and the *wəhannaʿar* is not *ʾênennû* with me *ʾittî* lest *pen* I see *ʾerʾeh* the evil *bārāʿ* which *ʾăšer* would find *yimṣāʾ* *ʾet*-my father *ʾābî*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative - how", "*ʾeʿĕleh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - shall I go up", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʾābî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my father", "*wəhannaʿar*": "waw-conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the young man", "*ʾênennû*": "negative particle with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he is not", "*ʾittî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*ʾerʾeh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I see", "*bārāʿ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - the evil", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yimṣāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - would find", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾābî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my father" }, "variants": { "*kî-ʾêk*": "for how/how could/how can", "*ʾeʿĕleh*": "shall I go up/could I go up/would I return", "*hannaʿar*": "the young man/the lad/the boy", "*ʾênennû*": "he is not/is not/not", "*pen*": "lest/otherwise/for fear that", "*ʾerʾeh bārāʿ*": "I see the evil/I witness the distress/I behold the harm", "*yimṣāʾ*": "would find/will come upon/will overtake" } }
  • 1 Sam 19:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.4", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֨ר יְהוֹנָתָ֤ן בְּדָוִד֙ ט֔וֹב אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל אָבִ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵ֠לָיו אַל־יֶחֱטָ֨א הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ בְּעַבְדּ֣וֹ בְדָוִ֗ד כִּ֣י ל֤וֹא חָטָא֙ לָ֔ךְ וְכִ֥י מַעֲשָׂ֖יו טוֹב־לְךָ֥ מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *wayḏabbēr* *Yehônāṯān* concerning *Dāwid* *ṭôḇ* to *Šāʾûl* his *ʾāḇîw*; and *wayyōʾmer* to him, \"*ʾal*-*yeḥĕṭāʾ* the *hammelek* against his *beʿaḇdô* against *ḇeḏāwiḏ*, for *lôʾ* *ḥāṭāʾ* to you, and for his *maʿăśāyw* *ṭôḇ*-to you very much.", "grammar": { "*wayḏabbēr*": "waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he spoke'", "*Yehônāṯān*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Jonathan'", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'David'", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'good'", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Saul'", "*ʾāḇîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his father'", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - 'not/do not'", "*yeḥĕṭāʾ*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - 'let him sin'", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'the king'", "*beʿaḇdô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'against his servant'", "*ḇeḏāwiḏ*": "preposition + proper noun - 'against David'", "*lôʾ*": "negative particle - 'not'", "*ḥāṭāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he sinned'", "*maʿăśāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his deeds'", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'good'" }, "variants": { "*wayḏabbēr*": "spoke/talked/conversed", "*ṭôḇ*": "good/favorable/well", "*yeḥĕṭāʾ*": "sin against/wrong/harm", "*ḥāṭāʾ*": "sinned/done wrong/offended", "*maʿăśāyw*": "his deeds/actions/works" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.19.5", "source": "וַיָּשֶׂם֩ אֶת־נַפְשׁ֨וֹ בְכַפּ֜וֹ וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י וַיַּ֨עַשׂ יְהוָ֜ה תְּשׁוּעָ֤ה גְדוֹלָה֙ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רָאִ֖יתָ וַתִּשְׂמָ֑ח וְלָ֤מָּה תֶֽחֱטָא֙ בְּדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י לְהָמִ֥ית אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד חִנָּֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyāśem* *ʾeṯ*-his *nap̄šô* in his *ḇeḵappô* and *wayyak* *ʾeṯ*-the *happelištî*, and *wayyaʿaś* *YHWH* *tešûʿāh* *ḡeḏôlāh* for all-*Yiśrāʾēl*; you *rāʾîṯā* and *wattiśmāḥ*; and *welāmmāh* *ṯeḥĕṭāʾ* with *beḏām* *nāqî*, to *lehāmîṯ* *ʾeṯ*-*Dāwid* without cause?", "grammar": { "*wayyāśem*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he put'", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*nap̄šô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his life/soul'", "*ḇeḵappô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'in his palm/hand'", "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he struck'", "*happelištî*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine singular - 'the Philistine'", "*wayyaʿaś*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he made'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - 'LORD'", "*tešûʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - 'salvation/victory/deliverance'", "*ḡeḏôlāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - 'great'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*rāʾîṯā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'you saw'", "*wattiśmāḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'and you rejoiced'", "*welāmmāh*": "waw-conjunction + interrogative - 'and why'", "*ṯeḥĕṭāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'you will sin'", "*beḏām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - 'with blood of'", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'innocent'", "*lehāmîṯ*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to kill'", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - 'without cause/freely/for nothing'" }, "variants": { "*wayyāśem*": "put/placed/risked", "*nap̄šô*": "his life/his soul/himself", "*ḇeḵappô*": "in his palm/in his hand/at risk", "*wayyak*": "struck/defeated/killed", "*tešûʿāh*": "salvation/victory/deliverance", "*ṯeḥĕṭāʾ*": "sin/do wrong/be guilty", "*beḏām*": "with blood/by killing", "*nāqî*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt", "*ḥinnām*": "without cause/without reason/for nothing" } }
  • 1 Sam 25:24-44 : 24 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.24", "source": "וַתִּפֹּל֙ עַל־רַגְלָ֔יו וַתֹּ֕אמֶר בִּי־אֲנִ֥י אֲדֹנִ֖י הֶֽעָוֺ֑ן וּֽתְדַבֶּר־נָ֤א אֲמָֽתְךָ֙ בְּאָזְנֶ֔יךָ וּשְׁמַ֕ע אֵ֖ת דִּבְרֵ֥י אֲמָתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "wə-*tippōl* upon-*raglāyw* wə-*tōʾmer* upon-me-I *ʾădōnî* the-*ʿāwōn* u-*tədabbēr*-*nāʾ* *ʾămātəḵā* in-*ʾozneyḵā* u-*šəmaʿ* *ʾēt* *dibrê* *ʾămāteḵā*", "grammar": { "wə-": "conjunction - and", "*tippōl*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - she fell", "*raglāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his feet", "*tōʾmer*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - she said", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*ʿāwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity", "u-": "conjunction - and", "*tədabbēr*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she will speak", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*ʾămātəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*ʾozneyḵā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ears", "*šəmaʿ*": "verb, Qal imperative, masculine singular - hear", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*ʾămāteḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your maidservant" }, "variants": { "*tippōl*": "she fell/she prostrated herself", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/fault", "*tədabbēr*": "she will speak/let her speak", "*dibrê*": "words of/speech of/matters of" } } 25 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.25", "source": "אַל־נָ֣א יָשִׂ֣ים אֲדֹנִ֣י ׀ אֶת־לִבּ֡וֹ אֶל־אִישׁ֩ הַבְּלִיַּ֨עַל הַזֶּ֜ה עַל־נָבָ֗ל כִּ֤י כִשְׁמוֹ֙ כֶּן־ה֔וּא נָבָ֣ל שְׁמ֔וֹ וּנְבָלָ֖ה עִמּ֑וֹ וֽ͏ַאֲנִי֙ אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ לֹ֥א רָאִ֛יתִי אֶת־נַעֲרֵ֥י אֲדֹנִ֖י אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלָֽחְתָּ׃", "text": "not-*nāʾ* *yāśîm* *ʾădōnî* *ʾet*-*libbô* unto-*ʾîš* the-*bəliyyaʿal* this upon-*nābāl* *kî* like-*šəmô* thus-he *nābāl* *šəmô* u-*nəbālâ* with-him wə-I *ʾămātəḵā* not *rāʾîtî* *ʾet*-*naʿărê* *ʾădōnî* which *šālāḥtā*", "grammar": { "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*yāśîm*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let him set", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*libbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*bəliyyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness", "*nābāl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nabal", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*šəmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*nābāl*": "adjective, masculine singular - foolish", "*šəmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "u-": "conjunction - and", "*nəbālâ*": "noun, feminine singular - folly/senselessness", "*ʾămātəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*rāʾîtî*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I saw", "*naʿărê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - young men of", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*šālāḥtā*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you sent" }, "variants": { "*yāśîm*": "let him set/let him regard/let him pay attention to", "*bəliyyaʿal*": "worthlessness/wickedness/vileness", "*nābāl*": "foolish/senseless/godless", "*nəbālâ*": "folly/senselessness/disgraceful conduct" } } 26 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.26", "source": "וְעַתָּ֣ה אֲדֹנִ֗י חַי־יְהוָ֤ה וְחֵֽי־נַפְשְׁךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר מְנָעֲךָ֤ יְהוָה֙ מִבּ֣וֹא בְדָמִ֔ים וְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ יָדְךָ֖ לָ֑ךְ וְעַתָּ֗ה יִֽהְי֤וּ כְנָבָל֙ אֹיְבֶ֔יךָ וְהַֽמְבַקְשִׁ֥ים אֶל־אֲדֹנִ֖י רָעָֽה׃", "text": "wə-*ʿattâ* *ʾădōnî* *ḥay*-*YHWH* wə-*ḥê*-*napšəḵā* which *mənāʿăḵā* *YHWH* from-*bôʾ* in-*dāmîm* wə-*hôšēaʿ* *yādəḵā* to-you wə-*ʿattâ* *yihyû* like-*nābāl* *ʾōyəbeyḵā* wə-the-*məbaqəšîm* unto-*ʾădōnî* *rāʿâ*", "grammar": { "wə-": "conjunction - and", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - living/life of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ḥê*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - living/life of", "*napšəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your soul", "*mənāʿăḵā*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he has kept you", "*bôʾ*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct - coming/entering", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - blood/bloodshed", "*hôšēaʿ*": "verb, Hifil infinitive construct - saving/helping", "*yādəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*yihyû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*nābāl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nabal", "*ʾōyəbeyḵā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*məbaqəšîm*": "verb, Piel participle, masculine plural - seeking", "*rāʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/harm" }, "variants": { "*mənāʿăḵā*": "he has kept you/he has restrained you/he has prevented you", "*bôʾ* in-*dāmîm*": "coming into bloodshed/bloodguilt/shedding blood", "*hôšēaʿ*": "saving/helping/delivering", "*yādəḵā*": "your hand/your power", "*məbaqəšîm*": "seeking/searching for/desiring" } } 27 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.27", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ הַבְּרָכָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁר־הֵבִ֥יא שִׁפְחָתְךָ֖ לַֽאדֹנִ֑י וְנִתְּנָה֙ לַנְּעָרִ֔ים הַמִּֽתְהַלְּכִ֖ים בְּרַגְלֵ֥י אֲדֹנִֽי׃", "text": "wə-*ʿattâ* the-*bərāḵâ* this which-*hēbîʾ* *šipḥātəḵā* to-*ladōnî* wə-*nittənâ* to-the-*nəʿārîm* the-*mithallḵîm* in-*raglê* *ʾădōnî*", "grammar": { "wə-": "conjunction - and", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*bərāḵâ*": "noun, feminine singular - blessing/gift", "*hēbîʾ*": "verb, Hifil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has brought", "*šipḥātəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*ladōnî*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - to my lord", "*nittənâ*": "verb, Nifal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it has been given", "*nəʿārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - young men/servants", "*mithallḵîm*": "verb, Hitpael participle, masculine plural - walking about", "*raglê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - feet of", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord" }, "variants": { "*bərāḵâ*": "blessing/gift/present", "*hēbîʾ*": "he has brought/he has presented", "*šipḥātəḵā*": "your maidservant/your female servant", "*nittənâ*": "it has been given/let it be given", "*mithallḵîm*": "walking about/following/going" } } 28 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.28", "source": "שָׂ֥א נָ֖א לְפֶ֣שַׁע אֲמָתֶ֑ךָ כִּ֣י עָשֹֽׂה־יַעֲשֶׂה֩ יְהוָ֨ה לַֽאדֹנִ֜י בַּ֣יִת נֶאֱמָ֗ן כִּי־מִלְחֲמ֤וֹת יְהוָה֙ אֲדֹנִ֣י נִלְחָ֔ם וְרָעָ֛ה לֹא־תִמָּצֵ֥א בְךָ֖ מִיָּמֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*śāʾ* *nāʾ* to-*pešaʿ* *ʾămāteḵā* *kî* doing-*yaʿăśeh* *YHWH* to-*ladōnî* *bayit* *neʾĕmān* *kî*-*milḥămôt* *YHWH* *ʾădōnî* *nilḥām* wə-*rāʿâ* not-*timmāṣēʾ* in-you from-*yāmeyḵā*", "grammar": { "*śāʾ*": "verb, Qal imperative, masculine singular - forgive/pardon", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*pešaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - transgression", "*ʾămāteḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*yaʿăśeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will make", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ladōnî*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - for my lord", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular - house", "*neʾĕmān*": "verb, Nifal participle, masculine singular - established/sure", "*milḥămôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - battles of", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*nilḥām*": "verb, Nifal participle, masculine singular - fighting", "wə-": "conjunction - and", "*rāʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/harm", "*timmāṣēʾ*": "verb, Nifal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be found", "*yāmeyḵā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your days" }, "variants": { "*śāʾ*": "forgive/pardon/lift up", "*pešaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/sin", "*bayit* *neʾĕmān*": "sure house/enduring dynasty/established household", "*milḥămôt* *YHWH*": "battles of Yahweh/the LORD's wars", "*nilḥām*": "fighting/waging war", "*timmāṣēʾ*": "it will be found/it will appear/it will exist" } } 29 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.29", "source": "וַיָּ֤קָם אָדָם֙ לִרְדָפְךָ֔ וּלְבַקֵּ֖שׁ אֶת־נַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ וְֽהָיְתָה֩ נֶ֨פֶשׁ אֲדֹנִ֜י צְרוּרָ֣ה ׀ בִּצְר֣וֹר הַחַיִּ֗ים אֵ֚ת יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ וְאֵ֨ת נֶ֤פֶשׁ אֹיְבֶ֙יךָ֙ יְקַלְּעֶ֔נָּה בְּת֖וֹךְ כַּ֥ף הַקָּֽלַע׃", "text": "And if *yāqām* *ʾādām* to *rādap* you, and to *bāqēš* *ʾet*-*nepeš* yours, then shall be *nepeš* of my lord *ṣerûrāh* in *ṣerôr* the *ḥayyîm* with *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhîm* yours, but *ʾēt* *nepeš* of *ʾōyebîm* yours he will *qālaʿ* in *tôk* *kap* the *qālaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*yāqām*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masc singular with waw-consecutive - rises up/stands up", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - man/person/Adam", "*rādap*": "infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to pursue", "*bāqēš*": "Piel infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to seek", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/life/person", "*ṣerûrāh*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - bound/tied up/kept secure", "*ṣerôr*": "masculine singular construct - bundle/pouch", "*ḥayyîm*": "masculine plural noun - life/living", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*ʾōyebîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - enemies", "*qālaʿ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - will sling/hurl", "*tôk*": "masculine singular construct - midst/middle", "*kap*": "feminine singular construct - palm/hollow/pouch", "*qālaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - sling" }, "variants": { "*ʾādām*": "man/person/mankind/human", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/person/breath/self", "*ṣerûrāh*": "bound/tied up/kept secure/preserved", "*ṣerôr*": "bundle/pouch/bag", "*ḥayyîm*": "life/living beings/livelihood", "*qālaʿ*": "to sling/hurl/throw forcefully" } } 30 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.30", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כִּֽי־יַעֲשֶׂ֤ה יְהוָה֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר אֶת־הַטּוֹבָ֖ה עָלֶ֑יךָ וְצִוְּךָ֥ לְנָגִ֖יד עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And it shall be when *yaʿăśeh* *YHWH* to my lord according to all that he *dibber* *ʾet*-the *ṭôbāh* concerning you, and *ṣiwwəkā* to *nāgîd* over-*Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - will be/happen", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will do/make", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - spoke/promised", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṭôbāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - good thing/goodness", "*ṣiwwəkā*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - will command/appoint you", "*nāgîd*": "masculine singular noun - leader/ruler/prince", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yaʿăśeh*": "do/make/accomplish/perform", "*ṭôbāh*": "good/pleasant/agreeable/beneficial", "*nāgîd*": "leader/ruler/prince/commander", "*ṣiwwəkā*": "command you/appoint you/commission you" } } 31 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.31", "source": "וְלֹ֣א תִהְיֶ֣ה זֹ֣את ׀ לְךָ֡ לְפוּקָה֩ וּלְמִכְשׁ֨וֹל לֵ֜ב לַאדֹנִ֗י וְלִשְׁפָּךְ־דָּם֙ חִנָּ֔ם וּלְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֲדֹנִ֖י ל֑וֹ וְהֵיטִ֤ב יְהוָה֙ לַֽאדֹנִ֔י וְזָכַרְתָּ֖ אֶת־אֲמָתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And not *tihyeh* this to you for *pûqāh* and for *mikšôl* *lēb* to my lord, and for *šāpak*-*dām* without cause, and for *hôšîaʿ* my lord to himself, and when *hêṭîb* *YHWH* to my lord, then *zākartā* *ʾet*-*ʾămātekā*.", "grammar": { "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be/become", "*pûqāh*": "feminine singular noun - stumbling block/cause of grief", "*mikšôl*": "masculine singular construct - stumbling block/occasion of stumbling", "*lēb*": "masculine singular noun - heart/mind/inner person", "*šāpak*": "Qal infinitive construct - to pour out/shed", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - blood", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - without cause/freely/in vain", "*hôšîaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to save/deliver/help", "*hêṭîb*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - will do good/deal well with", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*zākartā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - you will remember", "*ʾămātekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your maidservant" }, "variants": { "*pûqāh*": "stumbling block/cause of grief/staggering", "*mikšôl*": "stumbling block/offense/obstacle", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person/will", "*šāpak*": "pour out/shed/spill", "*ḥinnām*": "without cause/freely/gratuitously/in vain", "*hôšîaʿ*": "save/deliver/help/rescue", "*zākartā*": "remember/call to mind/mention" } } 32 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.32", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר דָּוִ֖ד לַאֲבִיגַ֑ל בָּר֤וּךְ יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֧ר שְׁלָחֵ֛ךְ הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּ֖ה לִקְרָאתִֽי׃", "text": "And *yōʾmer* *Dāwid* to *ʾĂbîgal*: *bārûk* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl*, who *šəlāḥēk* the day the this to *qirʾātî*.", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾĂbîgal*": "proper noun - Abigail", "*bārûk*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šəlāḥēk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - sent you", "*qirʾātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - to meet me" }, "variants": { "*bārûk*": "blessed/praised", "*šəlāḥēk*": "sent you/dispatched you", "*qirʾātî*": "meeting me/encountering me" } } 33 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.33", "source": "וּבָר֥וּךְ טַעְמֵ֖ךְ וּבְרוּכָ֣ה אָ֑תְּ אֲשֶׁ֨ר כְּלִתִ֜נִי הַיּ֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ מִבּ֣וֹא בְדָמִ֔ים וְהֹשֵׁ֥עַ יָדִ֖י לִֽי׃", "text": "And *bārûk* *ṭaʿmēk* and *bərûkāh* *ʾātt*, who *kəlitinî* the day the this from *bôʾ* in *dāmîm*, and *hōšēaʿ* *yādî* to me.", "grammar": { "*bārûk*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed", "*ṭaʿmēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your discretion/discernment", "*bərûkāh*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - blessed", "*ʾātt*": "2nd feminine singular independent pronoun - you", "*kəlitinî*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - you have kept/restrained me", "*bôʾ*": "Qal infinitive construct - coming/entering", "*dāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*hōšēaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to save/deliver", "*yādî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my hand" }, "variants": { "*ṭaʿmēk*": "your discretion/discernment/judgment/good sense", "*kəlitinî*": "restrained me/kept me/prevented me", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt/murder", "*hōšēaʿ*": "save/deliver/help/rescue" } } 34 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.34", "source": "וְאוּלָ֗ם חַי־יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר מְנָעַ֔נִי מֵהָרַ֖ע אֹתָ֑ךְ כִּ֣י ׀ לוּלֵ֣י מִהַ֗רְתְּ *ותבאתי **וַתָּבֹאת֙ לִקְרָאתִ֔י כִּ֣י אִם־נוֹתַ֧ר לְנָבָ֛ל עַד־א֥וֹר הַבֹּ֖קֶר מַשְׁתִּ֥ין בְּקִֽיר׃", "text": "But *ʾûlām* *ḥay*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl*, who *məuāʿanî* from *hāraʿ* to you, for unless *mihartə* and *tābōʾt* to *qirʾātî*, surely not would have *nôtar* to *Nābāl* until *ʾôr* the *bōqer* *maštîn* in *qîr*.", "grammar": { "*ʾûlām*": "adverb - however/but/nevertheless", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - living/alive", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*məuāʿanî*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - prevented me", "*hāraʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to do evil/harm", "*mihartə*": "Piel perfect 2nd feminine singular - you hurried/hastened", "*tābōʾt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you came", "*qirʾātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - to meet me", "*nôtar*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - would have remained/been left", "*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*ʾôr*": "masculine singular construct - light of", "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning", "*maštîn*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - one who urinates", "*qîr*": "masculine singular noun - wall" }, "variants": { "*ḥay*": "living/alive/as surely as lives", "*məuāʿanî*": "prevented me/kept me from/restrained me", "*hāraʿ*": "to do evil/harm/hurt", "*nôtar*": "remained/been left/survived", "*maštîn* in *qîr*": "one who urinates against a wall (idiom for male)" } } 35 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.35", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֤ח דָּוִד֙ מִיָּדָ֔הּ אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־הֵבִ֖יאָה ל֑וֹ וְלָ֣הּ אָמַ֗ר עֲלִ֤י לְשָׁלוֹם֙ לְבֵיתֵ֔ךְ רְאִי֙ שָׁמַ֣עְתִּי בְקוֹלֵ֔ךְ וָאֶשָּׂ֖א פָּנָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *yiqqaḥ* *Dāwid* from *yādāh* *ʾēt* that *hēbîʾāh* to him, and to her *ʾāmar*: *ʿălî* to *šālôm* to *bêtēk*, see, *šāmaʿtî* to *qôlēk*, and *ʾeśśāʾ* *pānāyik*.", "grammar": { "*yiqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - took", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*yādāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her hand", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hēbîʾāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - she brought", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ʿălî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - go up", "*šālôm*": "masculine singular noun - peace/welfare", "*bêtēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your house", "*šāmaʿtî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I have heard/listened to", "*qôlēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your voice", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular with waw-consecutive - I have lifted up/shown favor to", "*pānāyik*": "common plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your face" }, "variants": { "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/safety/prosperity", "*šāmaʿtî* to *qôlēk*": "I have heard your voice/heeded your words/listened to you", "*ʾeśśāʾ* *pānāyik*": "lifted up your face/shown you favor/granted your request (idiom)" } } 36 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.36", "source": "וַתָּבֹ֣א אֲבִיגַ֣יִל ׀ אֶל־נָבָ֡ל וְהִנֵּה־לוֹ֩ מִשְׁתֶּ֨ה בְּבֵית֜וֹ כְּמִשְׁתֵּ֣ה הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְלֵ֤ב נָבָל֙ ט֣וֹב עָלָ֔יו וְה֥וּא שִׁכֹּ֖ר עַד־מְאֹ֑ד וְלֹֽא־הִגִּ֣ידָה לּ֗וֹ דָּבָ֥ר קָטֹ֛ן וְגָד֖וֹל עַד־א֥וֹר הַבֹּֽקֶר׃", "text": "And *tābōʾ* *ʾĂbîgayil* to-*Nābāl* and behold *lô* *mišteh* in *bêtô* like *mištēh* the *melek*, and *lēb* *Nābāl* *ṭôb* upon him, and he *šikkōr* unto-very much, and not *higgîdāh* to him *dābār* *qāṭōn* and *gādôl* until-*ʾôr* the *bōqer*.", "grammar": { "*tābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - came", "*ʾĂbîgayil*": "proper noun - Abigail", "*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*mišteh*": "masculine singular noun - feast/banquet", "*bêtô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*mištēh*": "masculine singular construct - feast of", "*melek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*lēb*": "masculine singular construct - heart of", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good/merry", "*šikkōr*": "adjective, masculine singular - drunk", "*higgîdāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - she told", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word/matter/thing", "*qāṭōn*": "adjective, masculine singular - small", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*ʾôr*": "masculine singular construct - light of", "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning" }, "variants": { "*mišteh*": "feast/banquet/drinking party", "*lēb* *ṭôb*": "heart was merry/cheerful/in good spirits", "*šikkōr*": "drunk/intoxicated", "*dābār* *qāṭōn* and *gādôl*": "anything at all (idiom: neither small nor great thing)" } } 37 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.37", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י בַבֹּ֗קֶר בְּצֵ֤את הַיַּ֙יִן֙ מִנָּבָ֔ל וַתַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיָּ֤מָת לִבּוֹ֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וְה֖וּא הָיָ֥ה לְאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "And *yəhî* in the *bōqer*, in *ṣēʾt* the *yayin* from *Nābāl*, and *taggēd*-to him *ʾištô* *ʾet*-the *dəbārîm* the these, and *yāmāt* *libbô* in *qirbô*, and he *hāyāh* like *ʾāben*.", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - it happened/came to pass", "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning", "*ṣēʾt*": "Qal infinitive construct - going out/departing", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wine", "*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*taggēd*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - told", "*ʾištô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*dəbārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the words/matters", "*yāmāt*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - died", "*libbô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*qirbô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his midst/within him", "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - became", "*ʾāben*": "feminine singular noun - stone" }, "variants": { "*ṣēʾt* the *yayin*": "when the wine had gone out (idiom for sobering up)", "*yāmāt* *libbô*": "his heart died (idiom for extreme fear/shock)", "*hāyāh* like *ʾāben*": "became like stone (idiom for paralyzed/stunned/immobilized)" } } 38 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.38", "source": "וַיְהִ֖י כַּעֲשֶׂ֣רֶת הַיָּמִ֑ים וַיִּגֹּ֧ף יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־נָבָ֖ל וַיָּמֹֽת׃", "text": "And *yəhî* about *ʿăśeret* the *yāmîm*, and *yiggōp* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Nābāl* and *yāmōt*.", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - it was/happened", "*ʿăśeret*": "feminine singular construct - ten of", "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the days", "*yiggōp*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - struck", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*yāmōt*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - died" }, "variants": { "*ʿăśeret* the *yāmîm*": "about ten days/after about ten days", "*yiggōp*": "struck/smote/afflicted" } } 39 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.39", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע דָּוִד֮ כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת נָבָל֒ וַיֹּ֡אמֶר בָּר֣וּךְ יְהוָ֡ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָב֩ אֶת־רִ֨יב חֶרְפָּתִ֜י מִיַּ֣ד נָבָ֗ל וְאֶת־עַבְדּוֹ֙ חָשַׂ֣ךְ מֵֽרָעָ֔ה וְאֵת֙ רָעַ֣ת נָבָ֔ל הֵשִׁ֥יב יְהוָ֖ה בְּרֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח דָּוִד֙ וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר בַּאֲבִיגַ֔יִל לְקַחְתָּ֥הּ ל֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "And *yišmaʿ* *Dāwid* that *mēt* *Nābāl*, and *yōʾmer*: *bārûk* *YHWH* who *rāb* *ʾet*-*rîb* *ḥerpātî* from *yad* *Nābāl*, and *ʾet*-*ʿabdô* *ḥāśak* from *rāʿāh*, and *ʾēt* *rāʿat* *Nābāl* *hēšîb* *YHWH* on *rōʾšô*. And *yišlaḥ* *Dāwid* and *yədabbēr* with *ʾĂbîgayil* to *qaḥtāh* to him for *ʾiššāh*.", "grammar": { "*yišmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - heard", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - died/was dead", "*Nābāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - said", "*bārûk*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*rāb*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - pleaded/contended", "*rîb*": "masculine singular construct - cause/case/dispute of", "*ḥerpātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my reproach/insult", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʿabdô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servant", "*ḥāśak*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - kept back/withheld", "*rāʿāh*": "feminine singular noun - evil/harm", "*rāʿat*": "feminine singular construct - evil/wickedness of", "*hēšîb*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - returned/brought back", "*rōʾšô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head", "*yišlaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - sent", "*yədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - spoke", "*ʾĂbîgayil*": "proper noun - Abigail", "*qaḥtāh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to take her", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun - wife" }, "variants": { "*rāb* *rîb*": "pleaded the cause/contended the case/defended the right", "*ḥerpātî*": "my reproach/insult/shame/disgrace", "*ḥāśak*": "kept back/withheld/restrained", "*hēšîb*": "returned/brought back/repaid", "*rōʾšô*": "on his head (idiom for personal responsibility/consequence)" } } 40 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.40", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ עַבְדֵ֥י דָוִ֛ד אֶל־אֲבִיגַ֖יִל הַכַּרְמֶ֑לָה וַיְדַבְּר֤וּ אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר דָּוִד֙ שְׁלָחָ֣נוּ אֵלַ֔יִךְ לְקַחְתֵּ֥ךְ ל֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "And *yābōʾû* *ʿabdê* *dāwid* to-*ʾĂbîgayil* the *Karmelāh*, and *yədabbərû* to her *lēʾmōr*: *Dāwid* *šəlāḥānû* to you to *qaḥtēk* to him for *ʾiššāh*.", "grammar": { "*yābōʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw-consecutive - came", "*ʿabdê*": "masculine plural construct - servants of", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾĂbîgayil*": "proper noun - Abigail", "*Karmelāh*": "proper noun with directional he - to Carmel", "*yədabbərû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw-consecutive - spoke", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*šəlāḥānû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 1st plural suffix - sent us", "*qaḥtēk*": "Qal infinitive construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to take you", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun - wife" }, "variants": { "*Karmelāh*": "to Carmel (location)" } } 41 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.25.41", "source": "וַתָּ֕קָם וַתִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּ אַפַּ֖יִם אָ֑רְצָה וַתֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּ֤ה אֲמָֽתְךָ֙ לְשִׁפְחָ֔ה לִרְחֹ֕ץ רַגְלֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֥י אֲדֹנִֽי׃", "text": "And *tāqām* and *tištaḥû* *ʾappayim* *ʾārṣāh*, and *tōʾmer*: Behold, *ʾămātəkā* for *šipḥāh*, to *rəḥōṣ* *raglê* *ʿabdê* *ʾădōnî*.", "grammar": { "*tāqām*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - arose", "*tištaḥû*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - bowed herself", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - face/nostrils", "*ʾārṣāh*": "feminine singular noun with directional he - to the ground", "*tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - said", "*ʾămātəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*šipḥāh*": "feminine singular noun - maidservant/female slave", "*rəḥōṣ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to wash", "*raglê*": "feminine dual construct - feet of", "*ʿabdê*": "masculine plural construct - servants of", "*ʾădōnî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my lord" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥû* *ʾappayim* *ʾārṣāh*": "bowed with her face to the ground (idiom for deep reverence)", "*šipḥāh*": "maidservant/female slave/handmaid", "*rəḥōṣ* *raglê*": "to wash feet (act of humble service)" } } 42 { "verseID": "1_Samuel.25.42", "source": "וַתְּמַהֵ֞ר וַתָּ֣קָם אֲבִיגַ֗יִל וַתִּרְכַּב֙ עַֽל־הַחֲמ֔וֹר וְחָמֵשׁ֙ נַעֲרֹתֶ֔יהָ הַהֹלְכ֖וֹת לְרַגְלָ֑הּ וַתֵּ֗לֶךְ אַֽחֲרֵי֙ מַלְאֲכֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד וַתְּהִי־ל֖וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "*wə-təmahēr wə-tāqām ʾăbîgayil wə-tirkab* upon-*haḥămôr wə-ḥāmēš naʿărōteyhā hahōləkôt lə-ragləhā wə-tēlek ʾaḥărê malʾăkê dāwid wə-təhî-lô lə-ʾiššâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-təmahēr*": "conjunction + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she hastened", "*wə-tāqām*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she arose", "*ʾăbîgayil*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Abigail", "*wə-tirkab*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she rode", "*haḥămôr*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the donkey", "*wə-ḥāmēš*": "conjunction + number - and five", "*naʿărōteyhā*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her young women/maidens", "*hahōləkôt*": "definite article + verb, Qal participle, feminine plural - the ones walking/going", "*lə-ragləhā*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - at her foot/following her", "*wə-tēlek*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she went", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/behind", "*malʾăkê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - messengers of", "*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*wə-təhî-lô*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and she became to him", "*lə-ʾiššâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - as wife" }, "variants": { "*təmahēr*": "hurried/hastened/made haste", "*tāqām*": "arose/stood up/got up", "*tirkab*": "rode/mounted", "*naʿărōteyhā*": "her young women/maidens/servants", "*hahōləkôt*": "who were walking/who were going/who followed", "*lə-ragləhā*": "at her foot/following her/in her footsteps", "*malʾăkê*": "messengers/envoys/representatives" } } 43 { "verseID": "1_Samuel.25.43", "source": "וְאֶת־אֲחִינֹ֛עַם לָקַ֥ח דָּוִ֖ד מִֽיִּזְרְעֶ֑אל וַתִּהְיֶ֛יןָ גַּֽם־שְׁתֵּיהֶ֥ן ל֖וֹ לְנָשִֽׁים׃", "text": "*wə-ʾet-ʾăḥînōʿam lāqaḥ dāwid mi-yizrəʿeʾl wə-tihyeynā gam-štêhen lô lə-nāšîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker - and [direct object]", "*ʾăḥînōʿam*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Ahinoam", "*lāqaḥ*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he took", "*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*mi-yizrəʿeʾl*": "preposition + proper noun - from Jezreel", "*wə-tihyeynā*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - and they became", "*gam*": "adverb - also", "*štêhen*": "number, feminine dual construct + 3rd feminine plural suffix - both of them", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*lə-nāšîm*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - as wives" }, "variants": { "*lāqaḥ*": "took/married/acquired", "*mi-yizrəʿeʾl*": "from Jezreel (city/region)", "*tihyeynā*": "they became/they were", "*gam-štêhen*": "also both of them/even the two of them" } } 44 { "verseID": "1_Samuel.25.44", "source": "וְשָׁא֗וּל נָתַ֛ן אֶת־מִיכַ֥ל בִּתּ֖וֹ אֵ֣שֶׁת דָּוִ֑ד לְפַלְטִ֥י בֶן־לַ֖יִשׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִגַּלִּֽים׃", "text": "*wə-šāʾûl nātan ʾet-mîkal bittô ʾēšet dāwid lə-paltî ben-layiš ʾăšer mi-gallîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-šāʾûl*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine singular - and Saul", "*nātan*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gave", "*ʾet-mîkal*": "direct object marker + proper noun, feminine singular - Michal", "*bittô*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his daughter", "*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*lə-paltî*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - to Palti", "*ben-layiš*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - son of Laish", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which", "*mi-gallîm*": "preposition + proper noun - from Gallim" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "gave/handed over/granted", "*ʾēšet*": "wife of/woman of/spouse of", "*mi-gallîm*": "from Gallim (place name)" } }
  • 2 Sam 1:11 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.1.11", "source": "וַיַּחֲזֵ֥ק דָּוִ֛ד *בבגדו **בִּבְגָדָ֖יו וַיִּקְרָעֵ֑ם וְגַ֥ם כָּל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyaḥăzēq* *dāwid* in *bəgādāyw* and *wayyiqrāʿēm* and also all the *ʾănāšîm* who *ʾittô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaḥăzēq*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he seized", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*bəgādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his clothes", "*wayyiqrāʿēm*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he tore them", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the men", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him" }, "variants": { "*wayyaḥăzēq bibgādāyw*": "he seized his clothes/he took hold of his garments", "*wayyiqrāʿēm*": "he tore them/he rent them", "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people" } }
  • 2 Sam 3:31 : 31 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.3.31", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶל־יוֹאָ֜ב וְאֶל־כָּל־הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֗וֹ קִרְע֤וּ בִגְדֵיכֶם֙ וְחִגְר֣וּ שַׂקִּ֔ים וְסִפְד֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֔ד הֹלֵ֖ךְ אַחֲרֵ֥י הַמִּטָּֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *dāwid* to *yôʾāb* *wə-* to all *hā-ʿām* *ʾăšer* with him, *qirʿû* *bigdêkem* *wə-ḥigrû* *śaqqîm* *wə-sipdû* before *ʾabnēr* *wə-ha-melek* *dāwid* *hōlēk* after *ha-miṭṭâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular consecutive - and he said", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*yôʾāb*": "proper noun - Joab", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*qirʿû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - tear/rend", "*bigdêkem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your garments", "*wə-ḥigrû*": "conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural - and gird", "*śaqqîm*": "noun masculine plural - sackcloth", "*wə-sipdû*": "conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural - and lament/mourn", "*ʾabnēr*": "proper noun - Abner", "*wə-ha-melek*": "conjunction + definite article + noun masculine singular - and the king", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*hōlēk*": "Qal participle masculine singular - walking/going", "*ha-miṭṭâ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the bier/bed" }, "variants": { "*qirʿû*": "tear/rend (as sign of mourning)", "*ḥigrû*": "gird/put on", "*śaqqîm*": "sackcloth (material worn in mourning)", "*sipdû*": "lament/mourn/wail", "*miṭṭâ*": "bier/bed/funeral couch" } }
  • 1 Kgs 21:27 : 27 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.27", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ כִשְׁמֹ֨עַ אַחְאָ֜ב אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ וַיִּקְרַ֣ע בְּגָדָ֔יו וַיָּֽשֶׂם־שַׂ֥ק עַל־בְּשָׂר֖וֹ וַיָּצ֑וֹם וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב בַּשָּׂ֔ק וַיְהַלֵּ֖ךְ אַֽט׃ ס", "text": "*wa-yəhî* when-*kišmōaʿ* *ʾaḥʾāb* *ʾet*-the-*dəbārîm* the-*ʾēlleh*, *wa-yiqraʿ* *bəgādāyw* *wa-yāśem*-*śaq* on-*bəśārô* *wa-yāṣôm* *wa-yiškab* in-the-*śāq* *wa-yəhallēk* *ʾaṭ*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and it happened", "*kišmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - when hearing", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper name, masculine - Ahab", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words/things", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*wa-yiqraʿ*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he tore", "*bəgādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his clothes", "*wa-yāśem*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he put", "*śaq*": "noun, masculine singular - sackcloth", "*bəśārô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his flesh/body", "*wa-yāṣôm*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he fasted", "*wa-yiškab*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he lay", "*wa-yəhallēk*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Piel - and he walked", "*ʾaṭ*": "adverb - slowly/softly" }, "variants": { "*śaq*": "sackcloth/sack", "*yəhallēk ʾaṭ*": "walked slowly/walked softly/went about dejected" } }
  • 2 Kgs 5:7 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Kings.5.7", "source": "וַיְהִ֡י כִּקְרֹא֩ מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל אֶת־הַסֵּ֜פֶר וַיִּקְרַ֣ע בְּגָדָ֗יו וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַאֱלֹהִ֥ים אָ֙נִי֙ לְהָמִ֣ית וּֽלְהַחֲי֔וֹת כִּֽי־זֶה֙ שֹׁלֵ֣חַ אֵלַ֔י לֶאֱסֹ֥ף אִ֖ישׁ מִצָּֽרַעְתּ֑וֹ כִּ֤י אַךְ־דְּעֽוּ־נָא֙ וּרְא֔וּ כִּֽי־מִתְאַנֶּ֥ה ה֖וּא לִֽי׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî* *ki-qrōʾ* *melek*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet*-*ha-sēper* *wa-yiqraʿ* *bəgādāyw* *wa-yōʾmer* *ha-ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾānî* *lə-hāmît* *û-ləhaḥăyôt* *kî*-*zeh* *šōlēaḥ* *ʾēlay* *le-ʾĕsōp* *ʾîš* *mi-ṣāraʿtô* *kî* *ʾak*-*dəʿû*-*nāʾ* *û-rəʾû* *kî*-*mitʾanneh* *hûʾ* *lî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*ki-qrōʾ*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - when reading", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-sēper*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the letter", "*wa-yiqraʿ*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he tore", "*bəgādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his clothes", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ha-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article with noun, masculine plural - God (the God)", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*lə-hāmît*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct - to kill", "*û-ləhaḥăyôt*": "conjunction with preposition with hiphil infinitive construct - and to make alive", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*šōlēaḥ*": "qal active participle, masculine singular - sending", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me", "*le-ʾĕsōp*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to gather/heal", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*mi-ṣāraʿtô*": "preposition with noun and 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his leprosy", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*dəʿû*": "qal imperative, 2nd masculine plural - know", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*û-rəʾû*": "conjunction with qal imperative, 2nd masculine plural - and see", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*mitʾanneh*": "hithpael participle, masculine singular - seeking occasion", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - against me" }, "variants": { "*le-ʾĕsōp*": "to gather/to heal/to cure", "*mitʾanneh*": "seeking occasion/making pretext/seeking a quarrel" } }
  • 2 Kgs 6:30 : 30 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.30", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ כִשְׁמֹ֨עַ הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֤י הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ וַיִּקְרַ֣ע אֶת־בְּגָדָ֔יו וְה֖וּא עֹבֵ֣ר עַל־הַחֹמָ֑ה וַיַּ֣רְא הָעָ֔ם וְהִנֵּ֥ה הַשַּׂ֛ק עַל־בְּשָׂר֖וֹ מִבָּֽיִת׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *ki-šəmōaʿ* *ha-melek* *ʾet-dibrê* *hā-ʾiššāh* *wə-yiqraʿ* *ʾet-bəgādāyw* *wə-hûʾ* *ʿōbēr* *ʿal-ha-ḥōmāh* *wə-yarʾ* *hā-ʿām* *wə-hinnēh* *ha-śaq* *ʿal-bəśārô* *mi-bāyit*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms apocopated - and it happened", "*ki-šəmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - when heard", "*ha-melek*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*ʾet-dibrê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*hā-ʾiššāh*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*wə-yiqraʿ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he tore", "*ʾet-bəgādāyw*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural + 3ms suffix - his clothes", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + independent personal pronoun 3ms - and he", "*ʿōbēr*": "Qal participle ms - passing", "*ʿal-ha-ḥōmāh*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - on the wall", "*wə-yarʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and saw", "*hā-ʿām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*ha-śaq*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sackcloth", "*ʿal-bəśārô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3ms suffix - on his flesh/body", "*mi-bāyit*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - underneath/within" }, "variants": { "*šəmōaʿ*": "hearing/listening to", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/speech", "*yiqraʿ*": "tore/rent/ripped", "*bəgādāyw*": "his clothes/garments/robes", "*ʿōbēr*": "passing/walking/going", "*śaq*": "sackcloth/rough cloth (worn in mourning)", "*bəśārô*": "his flesh/body/skin", "*mi-bāyit*": "underneath/beneath/inside" } }
  • Esth 4:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Esther.4.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מָרְדֳּכַ֖י לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶל־אֶסְתֵּ֑ר אַל־תְּדַמִּ֣י בְנַפְשֵׁ֔ךְ לְהִמָּלֵ֥ט בֵּית־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מִכָּל־הַיְּהוּדִֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Mordᵉḵay* to-*hāšîḇ* unto-*ʾEstēr*: Do-not-*tᵉḏammî* in-*nap̄šēḵ* to-*himmālēṭ* *bêt*-the-*meleḵ* from-all-the-*yᵉhûḏîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Mordᵉḵay*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Mordecai", "*hāšîḇ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to return/reply", "*ʾEstēr*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Esther", "*tᵉḏammî*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you imagine/think", "*nap̄šēḵ*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your soul", "*himmālēṭ*": "Niphal infinitive construct - to escape/be delivered", "*bêt*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*meleḵ*": "noun masculine singular - king", "*yᵉhûḏîm*": "noun masculine plural - Jews" }, "variants": { "*hāšîḇ*": "to return/reply/answer", "*tᵉḏammî*": "you imagine/think/suppose", "*nap̄šēḵ*": "your soul/self/life", "*himmālēṭ*": "to escape/be delivered/be saved" } } 14 { "verseID": "Esther.4.14", "source": "כִּ֣י אִם־הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ תַּחֲרִישִׁי֮ בָּעֵ֣ת הַזֹּאת֒ רֶ֣וַח וְהַצָּלָ֞ה יַעֲמ֤וֹד לַיְּהוּדִים֙ מִמָּק֣וֹם אַחֵ֔ר וְאַ֥תְּ וּבֵית־אָבִ֖יךְ תֹּאבֵ֑דוּ וּמִ֣י יוֹדֵ֔עַ אִם־לְעֵ֣ת כָּזֹ֔את הִגַּ֖עַתְּ לַמַּלְכֽוּת׃", "text": "For if-*haḥᵃrēš* *taḥᵃrîšî* in-the-*ʿēt* the-*zōʾt*, *rewaḥ* and-*haṣṣālâ* *yaʿᵃmôḏ* for-the-*yᵉhûḏîm* from-*māqôm* *ʾaḥēr*, and-you and-*bêt*-*ʾāḇîḵ* *tōʾḇēḏû*; and-who *yôḏēaʿ* if-for-*ʿēt* such-as-*zōʾt* *higgaʿat* to-the-*malḵût*.", "grammar": { "*haḥᵃrēš*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - being silent", "*taḥᵃrîšî*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you are silent", "*ʿēt*": "noun feminine singular - time", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*rewaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - relief/respite", "*haṣṣālâ*": "noun feminine singular - deliverance", "*yaʿᵃmôḏ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will stand/arise", "*yᵉhûḏîm*": "noun masculine plural - Jews", "*māqôm*": "noun masculine singular - place", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective masculine singular - other/another", "*bêt*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾāḇîḵ*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your father", "*tōʾḇēḏû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd feminine plural - you will perish", "*yôḏēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - knowing", "*higgaʿat*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you have reached/attained", "*malḵût*": "noun feminine singular - kingdom/royalty" }, "variants": { "*haḥᵃrēš taḥᵃrîšî*": "emphatic expression - remain completely silent/keep utterly quiet", "*rewaḥ*": "relief/respite/space", "*haṣṣālâ*": "deliverance/salvation/rescue", "*yaʿᵃmôḏ*": "will stand/arise/appear", "*māqôm*": "place/location/source", "*tōʾḇēḏû*": "you will perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*higgaʿat*": "you have reached/attained/come", "*malḵût*": "kingdom/royalty/royal position" } }
  • Esth 7:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Esther.7.4", "source": "כִּ֤י נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ אֲנִ֣י וְעַמִּ֔י לְהַשְׁמִ֖יד לַהֲר֣וֹג וּלְאַבֵּ֑ד וְ֠אִלּוּ לַעֲבָדִ֨ים וְלִשְׁפָח֤וֹת נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ הֶחֱרַ֔שְׁתִּי כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין הַצָּ֛ר שֹׁוֶ֖ה בְּנֵ֥זֶק הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "For *nimkarnû* I and my *ʿammî* to *lᵊhašmîd* to *lahărôg* and to *lᵊʾabbēd*; and *wᵊʾillû* to *laʿăḇādîm* and to *lišpāḥôt* *nimkarnû* I would have *heḥĕraštî*, for *ʾên* the *ṣār* *šôweh* in *bᵊnēzeq* the *melek*.", "grammar": { "*nimkarnû*": "niphal perfect 1st common plural - we have been sold", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 1st common singular suffix - my people", "*lᵊhašmîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy/exterminate", "*lahărôg*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to kill/slay", "*lᵊʾabbēd*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to annihilate/destroy", "*wᵊʾillû*": "conjunction + conditional particle - but if", "*laʿăḇādîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - to slaves/servants", "*lišpāḥôt*": "preposition + noun feminine plural - to female slaves/servants", "*heḥĕraštî*": "hiphil perfect 1st common singular - I would have kept silent", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ṣār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the adversary/enemy", "*šôweh*": "qal participle masculine singular - equaling/compensating", "*bᵊnēzeq*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in damage to", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king" }, "variants": { "*lᵊhašmîd*": "to destroy/exterminate/annihilate", "*lahărôg*": "to kill/slay/murder", "*lᵊʾabbēd*": "to destroy/annihilate/cause to perish", "*wᵊʾillû*": "but if/yet if/even if", "*ṣār*": "enemy/adversary/oppressor", "*šôweh*": "equal to/worth/compensating for", "*bᵊnēzeq*": "in damage/loss/injury to" } }
  • Job 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Job.2.13", "source": "וַיֵּשְׁב֤וּ אִתּוֹ֙ לָאָ֔רֶץ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִ֖ים וְשִׁבְעַ֣ת לֵיל֑וֹת וְאֵין־דֹּבֵ֤ר אֵלָיו֙ דָּבָ֔ר כִּ֣י רָא֔וּ כִּֽי־גָדַ֥ל הַכְּאֵ֖ב מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "*wə-yēšḇû ʾittô lā-ʾāreṣ šiḇʿaṯ yāmîm wə-šiḇʿaṯ lêlôṯ wə-ʾên*-*dōḇēr ʾēlāyw dāḇār kî rāʾû kî*-*ḡāḏal hak-kəʾēḇ məʾōḏ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yēšḇû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they sat", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - with him", "*lā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - on the ground", "*šiḇʿaṯ*": "numeral feminine singular construct - seven of", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - days", "*wə-šiḇʿaṯ*": "conjunction + numeral feminine singular construct - and seven of", "*lêlôṯ*": "noun masculine plural - nights", "*wə-ʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there was not", "*dōḇēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - one speaking", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*dāḇār*": "noun masculine singular - word", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*rāʾû*": "qal perfect 3mp - they saw", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ḡāḏal*": "qal perfect 3ms - was great", "*hak-kəʾēḇ*": "article + noun masculine singular - the pain", "*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very" }, "variants": { "*yēšḇû ʾittô lā-ʾāreṣ*": "they sat with him on the ground (sign of mourning)", "*šiḇʿaṯ yāmîm wə-šiḇʿaṯ lêlôṯ*": "seven days and seven nights (conventional mourning period)", "*ʾên-dōḇēr ʾēlāyw dāḇār*": "none spoke a word to him/silent condolence", "*ḡāḏal hak-kəʾēḇ məʾōḏ*": "the pain was very great/his suffering was exceedingly great" } }
  • Job 32:4-9 : 4 { "verseID": "Job.32.4", "source": "וֶֽאֱלִיה֗וּ חִכָּ֣ה אֶת־אִ֭יּוֹב בִּדְבָרִ֑ים כִּ֤י זְֽקֵנִים־הֵ֖מָּה מִמֶּ֣נּוּ לְיָמִֽים׃", "text": "And *weʾĕlîhû* *ḥikkāh* *ʾet*-*ʾiyyôb* with *bidəbārîm* because *kî* older-*zəqēnîm*-*hēmmāh* than *mimmennû* in *ləyāmîm*", "grammar": { "*weʾĕlîhû*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Elihu", "*ḥikkāh*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - waited for", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾiyyôb*": "proper noun - Job", "*bidəbārîm*": "preposition bet + noun masculine plural - with words", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*zəqēnîm*": "adjective masculine plural - old/elder", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*mimmennû*": "preposition min + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - than him", "*ləyāmîm*": "preposition lamed + noun masculine plural - in days/years" }, "variants": { "*ḥikkāh*": "waited for/delayed speaking to", "*bidəbārîm*": "with words/in speaking", "*zəqēnîm*": "older/elderly/elders", "*ləyāmîm*": "in days/in years/in age" } } 5 { "verseID": "Job.32.5", "source": "וַיַּ֤רְא אֱלִיה֗וּא כִּ֘י אֵ֤ין מַעֲנֶ֗ה בְּ֭פִי שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים וַיִּ֥חַר אַפּֽוֹ׃ פ", "text": "And *wayyarʾ* *ʾĕlîhûʾ* that *kî* *ʾên* *maʿăneh* in *bəp̄î* three *šəlōšet* *hāʾănāšîm* and *wayyiḥar* *ʾappô*", "grammar": { "*wayyarʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and saw", "*ʾĕlîhûʾ*": "proper noun - Elihu", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is no", "*maʿăneh*": "noun masculine singular - answer", "*bəp̄î*": "preposition bet + noun masculine singular construct - in mouth of", "*šəlōšet*": "cardinal number feminine singular construct - three of", "*hāʾănāšîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the men", "*wayyiḥar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and burned", "*ʾappô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anger" }, "variants": { "*wayyarʾ*": "he saw/he perceived/he noticed", "*ʾên maʿăneh*": "there was no answer/there was no response", "*bəp̄î*": "in the mouth of/in the speech of", "*wayyiḥar ʾappô*": "his anger burned/he became angry" } } 6 { "verseID": "Job.32.6", "source": "וַיַּ֤עַן ׀ אֱלִיה֖וּא בֶן־בַּֽרַכְאֵ֥ל הַבּוּזִ֗י וַיֹּ֫אמַֽ‪[m]‬ר צָ֘עִ֤יר אֲנִ֣י לְ֭יָמִים וְאַתֶּ֣ם יְשִׁישׁ֑‍ִים עַל־כֵּ֖ן זָחַ֥לְתִּי וָֽאִירָ֓א ׀ מֵחַוֺּ֖ת דֵּעִ֣י אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿan* *ʾĕlîhûʾ* son-of-*barakhʾēl* *habbûzî* and *wayyōʾmar* young *ṣāʿîr* *ʾănî* in *ləyāmîm* and you *wəʾattem* *yəšîšîm* therefore *ʿal*-*kēn* *zāḥaltî* and *wāʾîrāʾ* from *mēḥawwōt* *dēʿî* *ʾetkem*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿan*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and answered", "*ʾĕlîhûʾ*": "proper noun - Elihu", "*barakhʾēl*": "proper noun - Barachel", "*habbûzî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Buzite", "*wayyōʾmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and said", "*ṣāʿîr*": "adjective masculine singular - young", "*ʾănî*": "1st person common singular independent pronoun - I", "*ləyāmîm*": "preposition lamed + noun masculine plural - in days/years", "*wəʾattem*": "waw conjunction + 2nd person masculine plural independent pronoun - and you", "*yəšîšîm*": "adjective masculine plural - aged/elderly", "*ʿal*-*kēn*": "preposition + adverb - therefore", "*zāḥaltî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular - I was timid", "*wāʾîrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 1st person common singular - and I feared", "*mēḥawwōt*": "preposition min + piel infinitive construct - from declaring", "*dēʿî*": "noun masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my knowledge/opinion", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*ṣāʿîr*": "young/small/insignificant", "*ləyāmîm*": "in days/in years/in age", "*yəšîšîm*": "aged/elderly/older men", "*zāḥaltî*": "I was timid/I was afraid/I held back", "*mēḥawwōt dēʿî*": "from declaring my knowledge/from expressing my opinion" } } 7 { "verseID": "Job.32.7", "source": "אָ֭מַרְתִּי יָמִ֣ים יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ וְרֹ֥ב שָׁ֝נִ֗ים יֹדִ֥יעוּ חָכְמָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾāmartî* days *yāmîm* *yədabbērû* and multitude of *wərōb* years *šānîm* *yōdîʿû* *ḥåkmāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular - I said", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - days", "*yədabbērû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will speak", "*wərōb*": "waw conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - and multitude of", "*šānîm*": "noun feminine plural - years", "*yōdîʿû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will make known", "*ḥåkmāh*": "noun feminine singular - wisdom" }, "variants": { "*yāmîm*": "days/age/length of life", "*yədabbērû*": "they will speak/they should speak", "*rōb šānîm*": "multitude of years/length of life/old age", "*yōdîʿû*": "they will make known/they should teach/they will show" } } 8 { "verseID": "Job.32.8", "source": "אָ֭כֵן רֽוּחַ־הִ֣יא בֶאֱנ֑וֹשׁ וְנִשְׁמַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י תְּבִינֵֽם׃", "text": "Truly *ʾākēn* spirit-*rûaḥ*-*hîʾ* in *beʾĕnôš* and breath of *wənišmat* *šadday* *təbînēm*", "grammar": { "*ʾākēn*": "adverb - truly/indeed", "*rûaḥ*": "noun feminine singular - spirit", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - it/she", "*beʾĕnôš*": "preposition bet + noun masculine singular - in man/mankind", "*wənišmat*": "waw conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and breath of", "*šadday*": "divine name - Almighty", "*təbînēm*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - gives them understanding" }, "variants": { "*ʾākēn*": "truly/surely/indeed", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath", "*beʾĕnôš*": "in man/in mankind/in people", "*nišmat šadday*": "breath of the Almighty/inspiration of the Almighty", "*təbînēm*": "gives them understanding/makes them understand/teaches them" } } 9 { "verseID": "Job.32.9", "source": "לֹֽא־רַבִּ֥ים יֶחְכָּ֑מוּ וּ֝זְקֵנִ֗ים יָבִ֥ינוּ מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "Not-*lōʾ*-many *rabbîm* *yeḥkāmû* and *ûzəqēnîm* *yābînû* *mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*rabbîm*": "adjective masculine plural - many/great", "*yeḥkāmû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they are wise", "*ûzəqēnîm*": "waw conjunction + adjective masculine plural - and elders/old men", "*yābînû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they understand", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun masculine singular - judgment/justice" }, "variants": { "*rabbîm*": "many/great/numerous", "*yeḥkāmû*": "they are wise/they become wise", "*zəqēnîm*": "elders/old men/aged ones", "*yābînû*": "they understand/they comprehend/they discern", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/what is right" } } 10 { "verseID": "Job.32.10", "source": "לָכֵ֣ן אָ֭מַרְתִּי שִׁמְעָה־לִּ֑י אֲחַוֶּ֖ה דֵעִ֣י אַף־אָֽנִי׃", "text": "Therefore *lākēn* *ʾāmartî* listen-*šimʿāh*-to me-*lî* *ʾăḥawweh* *dēʿî* also-*ʾap̄*-*ʾānî*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*ʾāmartî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular - I said", "*šimʿāh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - listen", "*lî*": "preposition lamed + 1st person common singular suffix - to me", "*ʾăḥawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person common singular cohortative - let me declare", "*dēʿî*": "noun masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my knowledge/opinion", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "1st person common singular independent pronoun - I" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/so/thus", "*šimʿāh*": "listen/hear/pay attention", "*ʾăḥawweh*": "let me declare/I will show/I will express", "*dēʿî*": "my knowledge/my opinion/my understanding", "*ʾap̄-ʾānî*": "also I/even I/I too" } } 11 { "verseID": "Job.32.11", "source": "הֵ֤ן הוֹחַ֨לְתִּי לְֽדִבְרֵיכֶ֗ם אָ֭זִין עַד־תְּב֥וּנֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם עַֽד־תַּחְקְר֥וּן מִלִּֽין׃", "text": "Behold *hēn* *hôḥaltî* for *lədibərêkem* I listened *ʾāzîn* until-*ʿad*-*təbûnōtêkem* until-*ʿad*-*taḥqərûn* *millîn*", "grammar": { "*hēn*": "interjection - behold/look", "*hôḥaltî*": "hiphil perfect 1st person common singular - I waited", "*lədibərêkem*": "preposition lamed + noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for your words", "*ʾāzîn*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person common singular - I gave ear/listened", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*təbûnōtêkem*": "noun feminine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your understanding", "*taḥqərûn*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural + paragogic nun - you would search out", "*millîn*": "noun feminine plural - words/matters" }, "variants": { "*hēn*": "behold/look/indeed", "*hôḥaltî*": "I waited/I hoped/I expected", "*ʾāzîn*": "I listened/I gave ear/I paid attention", "*təbûnōtêkem*": "your understanding/your insights/your reasonings", "*taḥqərûn*": "you would search out/you would examine/you would investigate", "*millîn*": "words/matters/speeches" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.32.12", "source": "וְעָֽדֵיכֶ֗ם אֶתְבּ֫וֹנָ֥ן וְהִנֵּ֤ה אֵ֣ין לְאִיּ֣וֹב מוֹכִ֑יחַ עוֹנֶ֖ה אֲמָרָ֣יו מִכֶּֽם׃", "text": "And unto you *wəʿādêkem* *ʾetbônān* and behold *wəhinnēh* *ʾên* for *ləʾiyyôb* *môkîaḥ* answering *ʿôneh* *ʾămārāyw* from you *mikkem*", "grammar": { "*wəʿādêkem*": "waw conjunction + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and unto you", "*ʾetbônān*": "hithpael imperfect 1st person common singular - I considered", "*wəhinnēh*": "waw conjunction + interjection - and behold", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is no", "*ləʾiyyôb*": "preposition lamed + proper noun - to Job", "*môkîaḥ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - one reproving", "*ʿôneh*": "qal participle masculine singular - answering", "*ʾămārāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his words", "*mikkem*": "preposition min + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - from you" }, "variants": { "*ʾetbônān*": "I considered/I paid close attention/I observed carefully", "*ʾên ləʾiyyôb môkîaḥ*": "there is no one reproving Job/no one refuting Job", "*ʿôneh ʾămārāyw*": "answering his words/responding to his arguments", "*mikkem*": "from you/among you/by any of you" } } 13 { "verseID": "Job.32.13", "source": "פֶּן־תֹּ֣֭אמְרוּ מָצָ֣אנוּ חָכְמָ֑ה אֵ֖ל יִדְּפֶ֣נּוּ לֹא־אִֽישׁ׃", "text": "Lest-*pen*-*tōʾmərû* we have found *māṣāʾnû* *ḥåkmāh* *ʾēl* *yiddəp̄ennû* not-*lōʾ*-*ʾîš*", "grammar": { "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*tōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you say", "*māṣāʾnû*": "qal perfect 1st person common plural - we have found", "*ḥåkmāh*": "noun feminine singular - wisdom", "*ʾēl*": "noun masculine singular - God", "*yiddəp̄ennû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he drives him away", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man" }, "variants": { "*pen-tōʾmərû*": "lest you say/do not say", "*māṣāʾnû ḥåkmāh*": "we have found wisdom/we have discovered the truth", "*ʾēl yiddəp̄ennû*": "God drives him away/God defeats him/God refutes him", "*lōʾ-ʾîš*": "not man/no human/not a person" } } 14 { "verseID": "Job.32.14", "source": "וְלֹא־עָרַ֣ךְ אֵלַ֣י מִלִּ֑ין וּ֝בְאִמְרֵיכֶ֗ם לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "And not-*wəlōʾ*-*ʿārak* toward me *ʾēlay* *millîn* and with *ûbəʾimrêkem* not *lōʾ* *ʾăšîbennû*", "grammar": { "*wəlōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿārak*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he arranged/directed", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition el + 1st person common singular suffix - toward me", "*millîn*": "noun feminine plural - words", "*ûbəʾimrêkem*": "waw conjunction + preposition bet + noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and with your sayings", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾăšîbennû*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person common singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will answer him" }, "variants": { "*ʿārak ʾēlay millîn*": "he directed words to me/he arranged arguments against me", "*ûbəʾimrêkem lōʾ ʾăšîbennû*": "and with your sayings I will not answer him/I will not respond to him using your arguments" } } 15 { "verseID": "Job.32.15", "source": "חַ֭תּוּ לֹא־עָ֣נוּ ע֑וֹד הֶעְתִּ֖יקוּ מֵהֶ֣ם מִלִּֽים׃", "text": "They are dismayed *ḥattû* not-*lōʾ*-*ʿānû* still *ʿôd* *heʿtîqû* from them *mēhem* *millîm*", "grammar": { "*ḥattû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they are dismayed", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿānû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they answered", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/again", "*heʿtîqû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they removed", "*mēhem*": "preposition min + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*millîm*": "noun feminine plural - words" }, "variants": { "*ḥattû*": "they are dismayed/they are broken/they are shattered", "*lōʾ-ʿānû ʿôd*": "they no longer answer/they do not answer anymore", "*heʿtîqû mēhem millîm*": "words are removed from them/they have nothing more to say/speech has departed from them" } } 16 { "verseID": "Job.32.16", "source": "וְ֭הוֹחַלְתִּי כִּי־לֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ כִּ֥י עָ֝מְד֗וּ לֹא־עָ֥נוּ עֽוֹד׃", "text": "And *wəhôḥaltî* because-*kî*-not-*lōʾ* *yədabbērû* because *kî* *ʿāmədû* not-*lōʾ*-*ʿānû* *ʿôd*", "grammar": { "*wəhôḥaltî*": "waw conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person common singular - and I waited", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yədabbērû*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they speak", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*ʿāmədû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they stand", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿānû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they answered", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/anymore" }, "variants": { "*wəhôḥaltî*": "and I waited/and I tarried", "*kî-lōʾ yədabbērû*": "because they do not speak/because they were silent", "*ʿāmədû*": "they stand/they stood still/they stopped", "*lōʾ-ʿānû ʿôd*": "they no longer answered/they did not respond anymore" } } 17 { "verseID": "Job.32.17", "source": "אַעֲנֶ֣ה אַף־אֲנִ֣י חֶלְקִ֑י אֲחַוֶּ֖ה דֵעִ֣י אַף־אָֽנִי׃", "text": "*ʾaʿăneh* also-*ʾap̄*-*ʾănî* *ḥelqî* *ʾăḥawweh* *dēʿî* also-*ʾap̄*-*ʾānî*", "grammar": { "*ʾaʿăneh*": "qal imperfect 1st person common singular cohortative - let me answer", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction - also/even", "*ʾănî*": "1st person common singular independent pronoun - I", "*ḥelqî*": "noun masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my portion/part", "*ʾăḥawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person common singular cohortative - let me declare", "*dēʿî*": "noun masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my knowledge", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "1st person common singular independent pronoun - I" }, "variants": { "*ʾaʿăneh*": "let me answer/I will answer", "*ʾap̄-ʾănî*": "also I/even I/I too", "*ḥelqî*": "my portion/my part/my share", "*ʾăḥawweh dēʿî*": "let me declare my knowledge/I will express my opinion", "*ʾap̄-ʾānî*": "also I/even I/I too" } } 18 { "verseID": "Job.32.18", "source": "כִּ֭י מָלֵ֣תִי מִלִּ֑ים הֱ֝צִיקַ֗תְנִי ר֣וּחַ בִּטְנִֽי׃", "text": "For *kî* *mālētî* *millîm* *hĕṣîqatnî* *rûaḥ* *biṭnî*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*mālētî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular - I am full of", "*millîm*": "noun feminine plural - words", "*hĕṣîqatnî*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - it constrains me", "*rûaḥ*": "noun feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*biṭnî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my belly/inner self" }, "variants": { "*mālētî millîm*": "I am full of words/I have much to say", "*hĕṣîqatnî*": "it constrains me/it compels me/it presses me", "*rûaḥ biṭnî*": "spirit of my belly/spirit within me/my inner spirit" } } 19 { "verseID": "Job.32.19", "source": "הִנֵּֽה־בִטְנִ֗י כְּיַ֥יִן לֹא־יִפָּתֵ֑חַ כְּאֹב֥וֹת חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים יִבָּקֵֽעַ׃", "text": "Behold-*hinnēh*-*biṭnî* like *kəyayin* not-*lōʾ*-*yippātēaḥ* like *kəʾōbôt* new *ḥădāšîm* *yibbāqēaʿ*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*biṭnî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my belly/inner self", "*kəyayin*": "preposition kaf + noun masculine singular - like wine", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yippātēaḥ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - is opened", "*kəʾōbôt*": "preposition kaf + noun feminine plural - like wineskins", "*ḥădāšîm*": "adjective masculine plural - new", "*yibbāqēaʿ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it bursts" }, "variants": { "*biṭnî kəyayin lōʾ-yippātēaḥ*": "my belly is like wine that is not opened/my inner self is like unopened wine", "*kəʾōbôt ḥădāšîm yibbāqēaʿ*": "like new wineskins it will burst/it is ready to burst like new wineskins" } } 20 { "verseID": "Job.32.20", "source": "אֲדַבְּרָ֥ה וְיִֽרְוַֽח־לִ֑י אֶפְתַּ֖ח שְׂפָתַ֣י וְאֶֽעֱנֶֽה׃", "text": "*ʾădabbərāh* and *wəyirwaḥ*-to me-*lî* *ʾep̄taḥ* *śəp̄ātay* and *wəʾeʿĕneh*", "grammar": { "*ʾădabbərāh*": "piel imperfect 1st person common singular cohortative - let me speak", "*wəyirwaḥ*": "waw conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - that there might be relief", "*lî*": "preposition lamed + 1st person common singular suffix - to me", "*ʾep̄taḥ*": "qal imperfect 1st person common singular cohortative - let me open", "*śəp̄ātay*": "noun feminine dual construct + 1st person common singular suffix - my lips", "*wəʾeʿĕneh*": "waw conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person common singular cohortative - and let me answer" }, "variants": { "*ʾădabbərāh*": "let me speak/I will speak", "*wəyirwaḥ-lî*": "that I may find relief/that I may be refreshed", "*ʾep̄taḥ śəp̄ātay*": "let me open my lips/I will open my mouth", "*wəʾeʿĕneh*": "and let me answer/and I will respond" } } 21 { "verseID": "Job.32.21", "source": "אַל־נָ֭א אֶשָּׂ֣א פְנֵי־אִ֑ישׁ וְאֶל־אָ֝דָ֗ם לֹ֣א אֲכַנֶּֽה׃", "text": "Let not-*ʾal*-*nāʾ* *ʾeśśāʾ* face of-*p̄ənê*-*ʾîš* and unto-*wəʾel*-*ʾādām* not *lōʾ* *ʾăkanneh*", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle - not", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "qal imperfect 1st person common singular - I will lift up/show partiality", "*p̄ənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - face of", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man", "*wəʾel*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and unto", "*ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular - man/mankind", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾăkanneh*": "piel imperfect 1st person common singular - I will give flattering titles" }, "variants": { "*ʾal-nāʾ ʾeśśāʾ p̄ənê-ʾîš*": "let me not show partiality to anyone/I will not be partial to any man", "*wəʾel-ʾādām lōʾ ʾăkanneh*": "and to mankind I will not give flattering titles/I will not use flattering terms for anyone" } } 22 { "verseID": "Job.32.22", "source": "כִּ֤י לֹ֣א יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֲכַנֶּ֑ה כִּ֝מְעַ֗ט יִשָּׂאֵ֥נִי עֹשֵֽׂנִי׃", "text": "For *kî* not *lōʾ* *yādaʿtî* *ʾăkanneh* for in a little while *kiməʿaṭ* *yiśśāʾēnî* *ʿōśēnî*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādaʿtî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular - I know", "*ʾăkanneh*": "piel imperfect 1st person common singular - I will give flattering titles", "*kiməʿaṭ*": "preposition kaf + adverb - in a little while/almost", "*yiśśāʾēnî*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - he will take me away", "*ʿōśēnî*": "qal participle masculine singular construct + 1st person common singular suffix - my Maker" }, "variants": { "*lōʾ yādaʿtî ʾăkanneh*": "I do not know how to flatter/I do not know how to give flattering titles", "*kiməʿaṭ*": "in a little while/soon/quickly", "*yiśśāʾēnî ʿōśēnî*": "my Maker would take me away/my Creator would remove me" } }
  • Ps 39:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.39.2", "source": "אָמַ֗רְתִּי אֶֽשְׁמְרָ֣ה דְרָכַי֮ מֵחֲט֢וֹא בִלְשׁ֫וֹנִ֥י אֶשְׁמְרָ֥ה לְפִ֥י מַחְס֑וֹם בְּעֹ֖ד רָשָׁ֣ע לְנֶגְדִּֽי׃", "text": "*ʾāmartî* *ʾešmərāh* *dərākay* from-*ḥăṭôʾ* with-*lišônî* *ʾešmərāh* to-*pî* *maḥsôm* in-*ʿōd* *rāšāʿ* to-*negdî*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I said", "*ʾešmərāh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will guard/keep", "*dərākay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my ways", "*ḥăṭôʾ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition 'mē' - from sinning", "*lišônî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition 'bə' - with my tongue", "*ʾešmərāh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will guard/keep", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition 'lə' - for my mouth", "*maḥsôm*": "noun, masculine singular - muzzle/bridle", "*ʿōd*": "adverb with prefixed preposition 'bə' - while/during", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective used as substantive, masculine singular - wicked/evil one", "*negdî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition 'lə' - before me/in my presence" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartî*": "I said/thought/decided", "*ʾešmərāh*": "I will guard/watch/keep/preserve", "*dərākay*": "my ways/paths/conduct", "*ḥăṭôʾ*": "sinning/offending/missing the mark", "*maḥsôm*": "muzzle/bridle/guard", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked one/evil person/ungodly" } }
  • Prov 24:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Proverbs.24.11", "source": "הַ֭צֵּל לְקֻחִ֣ים לַמָּ֑וֶת וּמָטִ֥ים לַ֝הֶ֗רֶג אִם־תַּחְשֽׂוֹךְ׃", "text": "*Haṣṣēl* *ləquḥiym* to-the-*māwet* and-*māṭiym* to-the-*hereg* if *taḥśôk*", "grammar": { "*haṣṣēl*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular - rescue/deliver", "*ləquḥiym*": "Qal passive participle, masculine plural - those being taken", "*māwet*": "masculine singular noun with preposition and article - death", "*māṭiym*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - those staggering/tottering", "*hereg*": "masculine singular noun with preposition and article - slaughter", "*taḥśôk*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you hold back" }, "variants": { "*haṣṣēl*": "rescue/deliver/save", "*ləquḥiym*": "those being taken/captives", "*māṭiym*": "those staggering/tottering/stumbling", "*taḥśôk*": "hold back/refrain/withhold" } } 12 { "verseID": "Proverbs.24.12", "source": "כִּֽי־תֹאמַ֗ר הֵן֮ לֹא־יָדַ֢עְנ֫וּ זֶ֥ה הֲ‍ֽלֹא־תֹ֘כֵ֤ן לִבּ֨וֹת ׀ הֽוּא־יָבִ֗ין וְנֹצֵ֣ר נַ֭פְשְׁךָ ה֣וּא יֵדָ֑ע וְהֵשִׁ֖יב לְאָדָ֣ם כְּפָעֳלֽוֹ׃", "text": "For *tōʾmar* behold not *yādaʿnû* this? Is-not *tōkēn* *libbôt* He-*yābîn* and-*nōṣēr* *napšəkā* He *yēdāʿ* and-*hēšîb* to-*ʾādām* according-to-*pāʿŏlô*", "grammar": { "*tōʾmar*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you say", "*yādaʿnû*": "Qal perfect, 1st person common plural - we knew", "*tōkēn*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - weigher/examiner", "*libbôt*": "masculine plural noun - hearts", "*yābîn*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he understands", "*nōṣēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - keeper/guardian", "*napšəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your soul", "*yēdāʿ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he knows", "*hēšîb*": "Hiphil perfect waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he returns/repays", "*pāʿŏlô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his deed" }, "variants": { "*tōkēn*": "weigher/examiner/one who tests", "*nōṣēr*": "keeper/guardian/one who watches", "*hēšîb*": "returns/repays/gives back" } }
  • Prov 31:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Proverbs.31.8", "source": "פְּתַח־פִּ֥יךָ לְאִלֵּ֑ם אֶל־דִּ֝֗ין כָּל־בְּנֵ֥י חֲלֽוֹף", "text": "*pĕtaḥ*-*pîkā* *lĕʾillēm* *ʾel*-*dîn* *kol*-*bĕnê* *ḥălôp*", "grammar": { "*pĕtaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - open", "*pîkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mouth", "*lĕʾillēm*": "preposition *lə* + adjective masculine singular - for the mute/speechless", "*ʾel*": "preposition - for/to/concerning", "*dîn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/cause of", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*bĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ḥălôp*": "noun, masculine singular - passing away/changing/destruction" }, "variants": { "*pĕtaḥ*": "open/speak up", "*ʾillēm*": "mute/speechless/one who cannot speak", "*dîn*": "judgment/legal claim/cause/rights", "*bĕnê* *ḥălôp*": "sons of passing/children of death/those appointed to die/the defenseless" } } 9 { "verseID": "Proverbs.31.9", "source": "פְּתַח־פִּ֥יךָ שְׁפָט־צֶ֑דֶק וְ֝דִ֗ין עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְיֽוֹן", "text": "*pĕtaḥ*-*pîkā* *šĕpāṭ*-*ṣedeq* *wĕdîn* *ʿānî* *wĕʾebyôn*", "grammar": { "*pĕtaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - open", "*pîkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mouth", "*šĕpāṭ*": "verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - judge", "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness", "*wĕdîn*": "conjunction *wə* + verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - and judge/defend", "*ʿānî*": "adjective masculine singular - poor/afflicted", "*wĕʾebyôn*": "conjunction *wə* + adjective masculine singular - and needy" }, "variants": { "*pĕtaḥ*": "open/speak up", "*šĕpāṭ*": "judge/govern/vindicate", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*dîn*": "judge/defend the rights of/plead the cause of", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble/oppressed", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute" } }
  • Isa 36:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.36.21", "source": "וַֽיַּחֲרִ֔ישׁוּ וְלֹֽא־עָנ֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ דָּבָ֑ר כִּֽי־מִצְוַ֨ת הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ הִ֛יא לֵאמֹ֖ר לֹ֥א תַעֲנֻֽהוּ", "text": "And *wayyaḥărîšû* and *wəlōʾ-ʿānû ʾōṯô dāḇār* for *kî-miṣwaṯ ham-melek hîʾ* saying *lēʾmōr lōʾ ṯaʿănûhû*", "grammar": { "*wayyaḥărîšû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they kept silent", "*wəlōʾ-ʿānû*": "waw conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they did not answer", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*dāḇār*": "noun masculine singular - word/thing", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*miṣwaṯ*": "construct noun feminine singular - command of", "*ham-melek*": "definite article + noun - the king", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - it", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaʿănûhû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - you shall answer him" }, "variants": { "*yaḥărîšû*": "kept silent/were quiet/held their peace", "*ʿānû*": "answered/responded/replied", "*dāḇār*": "word/matter/thing", "*miṣwaṯ*": "command/commandment/order", "*ṯaʿănûhû*": "you shall answer him/respond to him" } }
  • Jer 8:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.8.14", "source": "עַל־מָה֙ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ יֹֽשְׁבִ֔ים הֵֽאָסְפ֗וּ וְנָב֛וֹא אֶל־עָרֵ֥י הַמִּבְצָ֖ר וְנִדְּמָה־שָּׁ֑ם כִּי֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֤ינוּ הֲדִמָּ֙נוּ֙ וַיַּשְׁקֵ֣נוּ מֵי־רֹ֔אשׁ כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לַיהוָֽה׃", "text": "Upon-what *ʾănaḥnû* *yōšᵊbîm*? *hēʾāsᵊpû* and-let us *nābôʾ* to-*ʿārê* the-*mibṣār* and-let us *niddᵊmāh*-there; for *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* has *hădimmānû* and-*wayyašqēnû* *mê*-*rōʾš*, for we *ḥāṭāʾnû* to-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person plural pronoun - we", "*yōšᵊbîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - sitting/dwelling", "*hēʾāsᵊpû*": "niphal imperative masculine plural - be gathered", "*nābôʾ*": "qal imperfect 1st person plural cohortative - let us come/enter", "*ʿārê*": "construct plural of *ʿîr* - cities of", "*mibṣār*": "noun with definite article - the fortress/stronghold", "*niddᵊmāh*": "niphal imperfect 1st person plural cohortative - let us be silent/perish", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*hădimmānû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - he has silenced us", "*wayyašqēnû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive and 1st person plural suffix - and he gave us to drink", "*mê*": "construct plural of *mayim* - waters of", "*rōʾš*": "noun - poison/venom/bitterness", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we have sinned", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*yōšᵊbîm*": "sitting/dwelling/remaining", "*hēʾāsᵊpû*": "be gathered/assemble/come together", "*nābôʾ*": "let us come/enter/go", "*ʿārê*": "cities/towns of", "*mibṣār*": "fortress/stronghold/fortified place", "*niddᵊmāh*": "let us be silent/perish/be destroyed", "*hădimmānû*": "has silenced us/destroyed us/made us perish", "*wayyašqēnû*": "he gave us to drink/he made us drink", "*mê*-*rōʾš*": "poisoned water/bitter water/gall water", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/transgressed/offended" } }
  • Jer 36:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.36.24", "source": "וְלֹ֣א פָחֲד֔וּ וְלֹ֥א קָרְע֖וּ אֶת־בִּגְדֵיהֶ֑ם הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְכָל־עֲבָדָ֔יו הַשֹּׁ֣מְעִ֔ים אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "And-not they-*pāḥădû* and-not they-*qārəʿû* *ʾet*-their-*biḡdêhem* the-*melek* and-all-his-*ʿăḇādāyw* the-*šōməʿîm* *ʾēt* all-the-*dəbārîm* these", "grammar": { "*pāḥădû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they feared", "*qārəʿû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they tore", "*biḡdêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their garments", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*šōməʿîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - hearing/listening" }, "variants": { "*pāḥădû*": "feared/were afraid/trembled", "*qārəʿû*": "tore/rent/ripped", "*biḡdêhem*": "their garments/their clothes", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "his servants/his officials/his attendants", "*šōməʿîm*": "hearing/listening to/heeding" } }
  • Lam 3:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Lamentations.3.28", "source": "יֵשֵׁ֤ב בָּדָד֙ וְיִדֹּ֔ם כִּ֥י נָטַ֖ל עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "*yēšēb* *bādād* and *yiddōm* because *nāṭal* upon him", "grammar": { "*yēšēb*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he sits", "*bādād*": "adverb - alone", "*yiddōm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he is silent", "*nāṭal*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has laid" }, "variants": { "*yēšēb*": "he sits/let him sit/may he sit", "*bādād*": "alone/isolated/solitary", "*yiddōm*": "he is silent/let him be silent/may he be silent", "*nāṭal*": "he has laid/he has imposed/he has placed" } }
  • Joel 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Joel.2.13", "source": "וְקִרְע֤וּ לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶ֔ם וְשׁ֖וּבוּ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־חַנּ֤וּן וְרַחוּם֙ ה֔וּא אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד וְנִחָ֖ם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃", "text": "And-*qirʿû* *lebabkhem* and-not-*bigdêkhem* and-*shûbû* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkhem* because-*ḥannûn* and-*raḥûm* *hûʾ* *ʾerekh* *ʾappayim* and-*rab*-*ḥesed* and-*niḥām* upon-the-*hārāʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*qirʿû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - tear/rend", "*lebabkhem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heart", "*bigdêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your garments", "*shûbû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - return/turn", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*ḥannûn*": "masculine singular adjective - gracious", "*raḥûm*": "masculine singular adjective - compassionate", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾerekh*": "masculine singular construct - long of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*rab*": "masculine singular construct - abundant of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*niḥām*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - relenting/compassionate", "*hārāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the evil/calamity" }, "variants": { "*qirʿû*": "tear/rend/split", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/merciful/favorable", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*ʾerekh* *ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*rab*-*ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in steadfast love", "*niḥām*": "relenting/compassionate/repenting", "*hārāʿâ*": "the evil/calamity/disaster/harm" } }
  • Amos 8:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Amos.8.3", "source": "וְהֵילִ֜ילוּ שִׁיר֤וֹת הֵיכָל֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה רַ֣ב הַפֶּ֔גֶר בְּכָל־מָק֖וֹם הִשְׁלִ֥יךְ הָֽס׃", "text": "And *wəhêlîlû* *šîrôt* *hêkāl* in the day the that *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* many the *pegher* in every *māqôm* *hišlîḵ* *hās*", "grammar": { "*wəhêlîlû*": "hiphil perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd plural - and they will wail/howl", "*šîrôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - songs of", "*hêkāl*": "noun, masculine singular - temple/palace", "*bayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration/utterance of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*rab*": "adjective, masculine singular - many/great", "*hapegher*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the corpse/carcass", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in every", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*hišlîḵ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has thrown/cast", "*hās*": "interjection - hush/silence" }, "variants": { "*hêlîlû*": "wail/howl/lament", "*šîrôt*": "songs/singing/music", "*hêkāl*": "temple/palace/sanctuary", "*pegher*": "corpse/dead body/carcass", "*hišlîḵ*": "has thrown/has cast/has hurled", "*hās*": "silence/hush/quiet" } }
  • Mic 7:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Micah.7.5", "source": "אַל־תַּאֲמִ֣ינוּ בְרֵ֔עַ אַֽל־תִּבְטְח֖וּ בְּאַלּ֑וּף מִשֹּׁכֶ֣בֶת חֵיקֶ֔ךָ שְׁמֹ֖ר פִּתְחֵי־פִֽיךָ׃", "text": "Not *taʾămînû* in-*rêaʿ*, not *tibṭəḥû* in-*ʾallûp*; from-*šōkebet* your *ḥêqeká* *šəmōr* *pitḥê*-your mouth.", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*taʾămînû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - trust/believe", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*rêaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - friend/companion/neighbor", "*tibṭəḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - trust/rely on", "*ʾallûp*": "masculine singular noun - close friend/confidant/chief", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*šōkebet*": "Qal participle, feminine singular construct - one lying in", "*ḥêqeká*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your bosom/embrace", "*šəmōr*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - guard/keep", "*pitḥê*": "masculine plural construct noun - openings of", "*pîkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your mouth" }, "variants": { "*taʾămînû*": "trust/believe/have faith in", "*rêaʿ*": "friend/companion/neighbor/associate", "*tibṭəḥû*": "trust/rely on/have confidence in", "*ʾallûp*": "close friend/confidant/chief/intimate companion", "*šōkebet*": "one who lies in/woman who lies in", "*ḥêqeká*": "your bosom/lap/embrace", "*šəmōr*": "guard/keep/watch", "*pitḥê-pîkā*": "openings of your mouth/what you say/your words" } }
  • Luke 19:37-40 : 37 { "verseID": "Luke.19.37", "source": "Ἐγγίζοντος δὲ αὐτοῦ, ἤδη πρὸς τῇ καταβάσει τοῦ ὄρους τῶν Ἐλαιῶν, ἤρξαντο ἅπαν τὸ πλῆθος τῶν μαθητῶν χαίροντες αἰνεῖν τὸν Θεὸν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ περὶ πασῶν ὧν εἶδον δυνάμεων·", "text": "*Engizontos* but he, already *pros* the *katabasei* of the *orous* of the *Elaiōn*, began *hapan* the *plēthos* of the *mathētōn* *chairontes* to *ainein* the *Theon* with *phōnē* *megalē* concerning all which they *eidon* *dynameōn*;", "grammar": { "*Engizontos*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - drawing near", "*pros*": "preposition with dative - at/near", "*katabasei*": "dative, feminine, singular - descent", "*orous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - mountain", "*Elaiōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of Olives", "*hapan*": "nominative, neuter, singular - all/whole", "*plēthos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - multitude", "*mathētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - disciples", "*chairontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - rejoicing", "*ainein*": "present active infinitive - to praise", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*phōnē*": "dative, feminine, singular - voice", "*megalē*": "dative, feminine, singular - loud/great", "*eidon*": "aorist active, 3rd person plural - saw/had seen", "*dynameōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - mighty works/miracles" }, "variants": { "*Engizontos*": "drawing near/approaching", "*katabasei*": "descent/slope", "*plēthos*": "multitude/crowd/large group", "*chairontes*": "rejoicing/being glad", "*ainein*": "to praise/extol", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound", "*megalē*": "loud/great/strong", "*dynameōn*": "mighty works/miracles/powerful deeds" } } 38 { "verseID": "Luke.19.38", "source": "Λέγοντες, Εὐλογημένος ὁ ἐρχόμενος Βασιλεὺς ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου: εἰρήνη ἐν οὐρανῷ, καὶ δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις.", "text": "*Legontes*, *Eulogēmenos* the *erchomenos* *Basileus* in *onomati* *Kyriou*: *eirēnē* in *ouranō*, and *doxa* in *hypsistois*.", "grammar": { "*Legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Eulogēmenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - blessed", "*erchomenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - coming", "*Basileus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - King", "*onomati*": "dative, neuter, singular - name", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Lord", "*eirēnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - peace", "*ouranō*": "dative, masculine, singular - heaven", "*doxa*": "nominative, feminine, singular - glory", "*hypsistois*": "dative, neuter, plural - highest places" }, "variants": { "*Eulogēmenos*": "blessed/praised", "*erchomenos*": "coming/who comes", "*Basileus*": "King/Ruler", "*onomati*": "name/authority", "*eirēnē*": "peace/harmony", "*ouranō*": "heaven/sky", "*doxa*": "glory/honor/praise", "*hypsistois*": "highest places/heights" } } 39 { "verseID": "Luke.19.39", "source": "Καί τινες τῶν Φαρισαίων ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄχλου εἶπον πρὸς αὐτόν, Διδάσκαλε, ἐπιτίμησον τοῖς μαθηταῖς σου.", "text": "And some of the *Pharisaiōn* from the *ochlou* *eipon* *pros* him, *Didaskale*, *epitimēson* the *mathētais* of you.", "grammar": { "*Pharisaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - Pharisees", "*ochlou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - crowd", "*eipon*": "aorist active, 3rd person plural - said", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*Didaskale*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Teacher", "*epitimēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - rebuke", "*mathētais*": "dative, masculine, plural - disciples" }, "variants": { "*Pharisaiōn*": "Pharisees (Jewish religious group)", "*ochlou*": "crowd/multitude", "*Didaskale*": "Teacher/Master/Rabbi", "*epitimēson*": "rebuke/reprimand/scold", "*mathētais*": "disciples/students/followers" } } 40 { "verseID": "Luke.19.40", "source": "Καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, Λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι, ἐὰν οὗτοι σιωπήσωσιν, οἱ λίθοι κεκράξονται.", "text": "And *apokritheis* he *eipen* to them, I *legō* to you that, if these *siōpēsōsin*, the *lithoi* will *kekraxontai*.", "grammar": { "*apokritheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having answered", "*eipen*": "aorist active, 3rd person singular - said", "*legō*": "present active, 1st person singular - I say", "*siōpēsōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - should be silent", "*lithoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - stones", "*kekraxontai*": "future middle, 3rd person plural - will cry out" }, "variants": { "*apokritheis*": "having answered/responded", "*legō*": "I say/tell/declare", "*siōpēsōsin*": "should be silent/keep quiet/become silent", "*lithoi*": "stones/rocks", "*kekraxontai*": "will cry out/shout/exclaim" } }
  • Acts 4:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Acts.4.20", "source": "Οὐ δυνάμεθα γὰρ ἡμεῖς ἃ εἴδομεν καὶ ἠκούσαμεν μὴ λαλεῖν.", "text": "Not *dynametha* *gar* we what *eidomen* and *ēkousamen* not *lalein*.", "grammar": { "*dynametha*": "present middle/passive indicative, 1st plural - we are able", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*eidomen*": "aorist active indicative, 1st plural - we saw", "*ēkousamen*": "aorist active indicative, 1st plural - we heard", "*lalein*": "present active infinitive - to speak" }, "variants": { "*dynametha*": "we are able/can", "*eidomen*": "we saw/observed/witnessed", "*ēkousamen*": "we heard/listened to", "*lalein*": "to speak/tell/talk about" } }
  • Acts 9:39 : 39 { "verseID": "Acts.9.39", "source": "Ἀναστὰς δὲ Πέτρος συνῆλθεν αὐτοῖς. Ὃν παραγενόμενον, ἀνήγαγον εἰς τὸ ὑπερῷον: καὶ παρέστησαν αὐτῷ πᾶσαι αἱ χῆραι κλαίουσαι, καὶ ἐπιδεικνύμεναι χιτῶνας καὶ ἱμάτια ὅσα ἐποίει, μετʼ αὐτῶν οὖσα ἡ Δορκάς.", "text": "*Anastas* *de* *Petros* *synēlthen* with them. Whom *paragenomenon*, *anēgagon* to the *hyperōon*: and *parestēsan* to him all the *chērai* *klaiousai*, and *epideiknumenai* *chitōnas* and *himatia* as many as *epoiei*, with them *ousa* the *Dorkas*.", "grammar": { "*Anastas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having risen", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*Petros*": "nominative, masculine singular - Peter", "*synēlthen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - went with", "*paragenomenon*": "aorist middle participle, accusative masculine singular - having arrived", "*anēgagon*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - led up", "*hyperōon*": "accusative, neuter singular - upper room", "*parestēsan*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - stood beside", "*chērai*": "nominative, feminine plural - widows", "*klaiousai*": "present active participle, nominative feminine plural - weeping", "*epideiknumenai*": "present middle participle, nominative feminine plural - showing", "*chitōnas*": "accusative, masculine plural - tunics", "*himatia*": "accusative, neuter plural - garments/cloaks", "*epoiei*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - was making", "*ousa*": "present active participle, nominative feminine singular - being", "*Dorkas*": "nominative, feminine singular - Dorcas" }, "variants": { "*Anastas*": "having risen/having gotten up", "*synēlthen*": "went with/accompanied/went along with", "*paragenomenon*": "having arrived/having come", "*anēgagon*": "led up/brought up", "*parestēsan*": "stood beside/stood around/presented themselves", "*chērai*": "widows", "*klaiousai*": "weeping/crying/lamenting", "*epideiknumenai*": "showing/displaying/exhibiting", "*chitōnas*": "tunics/undergarments", "*himatia*": "garments/cloaks/outer garments", "*epoiei*": "was making/was producing/was creating", "*ousa*": "being/existing/staying" } }