Verse 18

{ "verseID": "Genesis.15.18", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא כָּרַ֧ת יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־אַבְרָ֖ם בְּרִ֣ית לֵאמֹ֑ר לְזַרְעֲךָ֗ נָתַ֙תִּי֙ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את מִנְּהַ֣ר מִצְרַ֔יִם עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃", "text": "In-the-*yôm* the-that *kāraṯ* *YHWH* with-*ʾAḇrām* *bərîṯ* *lēʾmōr* to-*zarʿăḵā* *nāṯattî* *et*-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-this from-*nəhar* *Miṣrayim* until-the-*nāhār* the-*gāḏōl* *nəhar*-*Pərāṯ*.", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with prefix preposition and definite article - in the day", "*kāraṯ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - cut/made", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper name with preposition", "*bərîṯ*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with prefix - to say", "*zarʿăḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*nāṯattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - land", "*nəhar*": "masculine singular construct noun - river of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*nāhār*": "masculine singular noun - river", "*gāḏōl*": "masculine singular adjective - great", "*nəhar*": "masculine singular construct noun - river of", "*Pərāṯ*": "proper name - Euphrates" }, "variants": { "*kāraṯ*": "cut/made/established (idiom for covenant-making)", "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/treaty/alliance", "*zarʿăḵā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants/your posterity", "*nāṯattî*": "I have given/I give/I will give (prophetic perfect)", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory/country", "*nəhar*": "river/stream/wadi", "*gāḏōl*": "great/large/mighty" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Den dagen inngikk Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: "Til din ætt gir jeg dette landet, fra Egypts elv til den store elven, Eufratelven:

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  På den dagen inngikk Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Til din ætt har jeg gitt dette landet, fra elven i Egypt til den store elven, Eufratelven.

• Norsk King James

  Den samme dagen gjorde Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Til dine etterkommere har jeg gitt dette landet, fra elven Egypt til den store elven, elven Eufrat.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  På den dagen inngikk Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Din ætt har jeg gitt dette landet, fra Egyptens elv til den store elven, Eufrat,

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Den dagen inngikk Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: "Til din ætt har jeg gitt dette landet, fra elven Egypt til den store elven, elven Eufrat:

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Den dagen opprettet Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Jeg har gitt dine etterkommere dette landet, fra elven i Egypt til den store elven, Eufratelven:

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Samme dag inngikk Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: «Til din etterkommer har jeg gitt dette landet, fra Egypts elv til den store elven, Eufrat.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Den dagen opprettet Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Jeg har gitt dine etterkommere dette landet, fra elven i Egypt til den store elven, Eufratelven:

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Den dagen sluttet Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Jeg har gitt din ætt dette landet, fra elven i Egypt til den store elven, elven Eufrat:

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  On that day, the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, "To your descendants I have given this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River—

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  På den dagen inngikk Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: «Til dine etterkommere har jeg gitt dette landet, fra Egyptens elv til den store elv, elven Eufrat,

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Paa den samme Dag gjorde Herren en Pagt med Abram, og sagde: Din Afkom haver jeg givet dette Land fra Ægyptens Flod indtil den store Flod, den Flod Phrat,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Samme dag gjorde Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Til din ætt har jeg gitt dette landet, fra elven Egypt til den store elven, Eufratelven.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  On the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, To your descendants have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Den dagen inngikk Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: "Til din ætt har jeg gitt dette landet, fra elven i Egypt til den store elven, Eufrat-elven:

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Den dagen gjorde Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: 'Din ætt har jeg gitt dette landet, fra Egypts elv til den store elven, Eufrat-elven,

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Den dagen gjorde Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Til din ætt gir jeg dette landet, fra elven i Egypt til den store elven, elven Eufrat:

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  På den dagen dannet Herren en pakt med Abram og sa: Til din ætt har jeg gitt dette landet, fra elven i Egypt til den store elven, Eufrat:

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And that same daye the LORde made a covenaunte with Abram saynge: vnto thy seed wyll I geue thys londe fro the ryver of Egypte even vnto the greate ryver euphrates:

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The same daye made the LORDE a couenaut with Abram, and sayde: Vnto thy sede wil I geue this lode, from the water of Egipte, vnto the greate water Euphrates:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  In that same day the Lord made a couenant with Abram, saying, Vnto thy seede haue I giuen this lande, from the riuer of Egypt vnto the great riuer, the riuer Euphrates.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  In that same day the Lorde made a couenaunt with Abram, saying: vnto thy seede haue I geuen this lande, fro the ryuer of Egypt, euen vnto the great ryuer, the ryuer of Euphrates.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  In that day Yahweh made a covenant with Abram, saying, "To your seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates:

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  In that day hath Jehovah made with Abram a covenant, saying, `To thy seed I have given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Phrat,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  In that day Jehovah made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  In that day the Lord made an agreement with Abram, and said, To your seed have I given this land from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates:

• World English Bible (2000)

  In that day Yahweh made a covenant with Abram, saying, "To your seed I have given this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates:

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  That day the LORD made a covenant with Abram:“To your descendants I give this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River–

Referenced Verses

• Gen 12:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.7", "source": "וַיֵּרָ֤א יְהוָה֙ אֶל־אַבְרָ֔ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לְזַ֨רְעֲךָ֔ אֶתֵּ֖ן אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֑את וַיִּ֤בֶן שָׁם֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לַיהוָ֖ה הַנִּרְאֶ֥ה אֵלָֽיו׃", "text": "And-*wayyērāʾ* *YHWH* to-*ʾAbrām* and-*wayyōʾmer* to-*zeraʿakā* *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-*zōʾt* and-*wayyiben* there *mizbbēaḥ* to-*YHWH* the-*hannirʾeh* to-him.", "grammar": { "*wayyērāʾ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular niphal - and he appeared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾAbrām*": "proper noun - Abram", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*zeraʿakā*": "noun masculine + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾettēn*": "imperfect 1st person singular - I will give", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*wayyiben*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he built", "*mizbbēaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - altar", "*hannirʾeh*": "article + participle masculine singular niphal - the one appearing", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him" }, "variants": { "*zeraʿakā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*hannirʾeh*": "who appeared/who had appeared/who was appearing" } }
• Deut 1:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.7", "source": "פְּנ֣וּ ׀ וּסְע֣וּ לָכֶ֗ם וּבֹ֨אוּ הַ֥ר הָֽאֱמֹרִי֮ וְאֶל־כָּל־שְׁכֵנָיו֒ בָּעֲרָבָ֥ה בָהָ֛ר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֥ה וּבַנֶּ֖גֶב וּבְח֣וֹף הַיָּ֑ם אֶ֤רֶץ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְהַלְּבָנ֔וֹן עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת", "text": "*pənû* and-*səʿû* for-yourselves and-*bōʾû* *har* *hāʾĕmōrî* and-to-all-*šəḵēnāyw* in-the-*ʿărāḇâ* in-the-*hār* and-in-the-*šəpēlâ* and-in-the-*negeḇ* and-in-*ḥôp* the-*yām* *ʾereṣ* the-*kənaʿănî* and-the-*ləḇānôn* unto-the-*nāhār* the-*gāḏōl* *nəhar*-*pərāṯ*", "grammar": { "*pənû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - turn/face", "*səʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - journey/depart", "*bōʾû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come/go/enter", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Amorite(s)", "*šəḵēnāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its neighbors", "*ʿărāḇâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the desert plain/Arabah", "*hār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the mountain/hill country", "*šəpēlâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the lowland/Shephelah", "*negeḇ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the Negev/south", "*ḥôp*": "masculine singular construct - coast/shore of", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sea", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*kənaʿănî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Canaanite(s)", "*ləḇānôn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Lebanon", "*nāhār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the river", "*gāḏōl*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - the great", "*nəhar*": "masculine singular construct - river of", "*pərāṯ*": "proper noun - Euphrates" }, "variants": { "*pənû*": "turn/face/change direction", "*səʿû*": "journey/depart/set out/move", "*bōʾû*": "come/go/enter/arrive at", "*šəḵēnāyw*": "neighbors/surrounding regions", "*negeḇ*": "Negev/south/southern region" } } 8 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.8", "source": "רְאֵ֛ה נָתַ֥תִּי לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ בֹּ֚אוּ וּרְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִשְׁבַּ֣ע יְ֠הוָה לַאֲבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם לְאַבְרָהָ֨ם לְיִצְחָ֤ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹב֙ לָתֵ֣ת לָהֶ֔ם וּלְזַרְעָ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם", "text": "*rəʾēh* *nāṯattî* before-you *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾāreṣ* *bōʾû* and-*rəšû* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾāreṣ* which *nišbaʿ* *YHWH* to-*ʾăḇōṯêḵem* to-*ʾaḇrāhām* to-*yiṣḥāq* and-to-*yaʿăqōḇ* *lāṯēṯ* to-them and-to-*zarʿām* after-them", "grammar": { "*rəʾēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - see/look/behold", "*nāṯattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*bōʾû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come/go/enter", "*rəšû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - possess/take possession of", "*nišbaʿ*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - swore/took an oath", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾăḇōṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*ʾaḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*lāṯēṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to give", "*zarʿām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their seed/offspring" }, "variants": { "*rəʾēh*": "see/look/behold/observe", "*nāṯattî*": "I have given/placed/set", "*rəšû*": "possess/take possession of/inherit", "*nišbaʿ*": "swore/took an oath/pledged", "*zarʿām*": "their seed/offspring/descendants" } }
• Neh 9:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.8", "source": "וּמָצָ֣אתָ אֶת־לְבָבוֹ֮ נֶאֱמָ֣ן לְפָנֶיךָ֒ וְכָר֨וֹת עִמּ֜וֹ הַבְּרִ֗ית לָתֵ֡ת אֶת־אֶרֶץ֩ הַכְּנַעֲנִ֨י הַחִתִּ֜י הָאֱמֹרִ֧י וְהַפְּרִזִּ֛י וְהַיְבוּסִ֥י וְהַגִּרְגָּשִׁ֖י לָתֵ֣ת לְזַרְע֑וֹ וַתָּ֙קֶם֙ אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֔יךָ כִּ֥י צַדִּ֖יק אָֽתָּה׃", "text": "And *māṣāʾtā* *ʾet*-*ləḇāḇô* *neʾĕmān* before you, and *kārôt* with him the *bərît* to give *ʾet*-*ʾereṣ* the *Kənaʿănî* the *Ḥittî* the *ʾĔmōrî* and the *Pərizzî* and the *Yəḇûsî* and the *Girgāšî* to give to *zarʿô*, and *wattāqem* *ʾet*-*dəḇāreḵā* because *ṣaddîq* *ʾāttâ*.", "grammar": { "*māṣāʾtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you found", "*ləḇāḇô*": "masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*neʾĕmān*": "niphal participle masculine singular - faithful/trustworthy", "*kārôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to cut", "*bərît*": "feminine singular - covenant", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kənaʿănî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Canaanite", "*Ḥittî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Hittite", "*ʾĔmōrî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Amorite", "*Pərizzî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Perizzite", "*Yəḇûsî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Jebusite", "*Girgāšî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Girgashite", "*zarʿô*": "masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his seed/offspring", "*wattāqem*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine singular - and you established/confirmed", "*dəḇāreḵā*": "masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your words", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective masculine singular - righteous", "*ʾāttâ*": "personal pronoun 2nd person masculine singular - you" }, "variants": { "*māṣāʾtā*": "you found/discovered", "*ləḇāḇô*": "his heart/mind/inner being", "*neʾĕmān*": "faithful/trustworthy/loyal/steadfast", "*kārôt*": "to cut/make (covenant)", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*zarʿô*": "his seed/offspring/descendants", "*wattāqem*": "you established/confirmed/fulfilled", "*dəḇāreḵā*": "your words/promises/matters", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/innocent" } }
• Deut 11:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.11.24", "source": "כָּל־הַמָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּדְרֹ֧ךְ כַּֽף־רַגְלְכֶ֛ם בּ֖וֹ לָכֶ֣ם יִהְיֶ֑ה מִן־הַמִּדְבָּ֨ר וְהַלְּבָנ֜וֹן מִן־הַנָּהָ֣ר נְהַר־פְּרָ֗ת וְעַד֙ הַיָּ֣ם הָֽאַחֲר֔וֹן יִהְיֶ֖ה גְּבֻלְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*kāl-hammāqôm 'ăšer tiḏrōḵ kap̄-ragləḵem bô lāḵem yihyeh min-hammiḏbār wəhalləḇānôn min-hannāhār nəhar-pərāt wə'aḏ hayyām hā'aḥărôn yihyeh gəḇuləḵem*", "grammar": { "*kāl-hammāqôm*": "construct chain with definite article - every/all the place", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - which/that/where", "*tiḏrōḵ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - tread/step/walk", "*kap̄-ragləḵem*": "construct chain with possessive suffix - sole of your foot", "*bô*": "preposition with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - in it", "*lāḵem*": "preposition with pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural - to/for you", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be/become", "*min-hammiḏbār*": "preposition with definite article noun - from the wilderness", "*wəhalləḇānôn*": "conjunction with definite article proper noun - and the Lebanon", "*min-hannāhār*": "preposition with definite article noun - from the river", "*nəhar-pərāt*": "construct chain, proper noun - river Euphrates", "*wə'aḏ*": "conjunction with preposition - and unto/as far as", "*hayyām*": "definite article noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*hā'aḥărôn*": "definite article adjective, masculine singular - the western/hindmost/last", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be/become", "*gəḇuləḵem*": "noun, masculine singular with possessive suffix - your border/territory/boundary" }, "variants": { "*hammāqôm*": "the place/location/spot", "*tiḏrōḵ*": "tread/step/walk/trample", "*kap̄-ragləḵem*": "sole of your foot/footstep", "*hammiḏbār*": "the wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*halləḇānôn*": "Lebanon (mountain range)", "*hannāhār*": "the river/stream", "*nəhar-pərāt*": "river Euphrates", "*hayyām hā'aḥărôn*": "the western sea/the Mediterranean Sea/the hindmost sea", "*gəḇuləḵem*": "your border/territory/boundary/limit" } }
• Deut 34:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.34.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלָ֗יו זֹ֤את הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִ֠שְׁבַּעְתִּי לְאַבְרָהָ֨ם לְיִצְחָ֤ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹב֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לְזַרְעֲךָ֖ אֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה הֶרְאִיתִ֣יךָ בְעֵינֶ֔יךָ וְשָׁ֖מָּה לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wayyō'mer* *YHWH* unto him, This is the *'āreṣ* which *nišba'tî* to *'Abrāhām*, to *Yiṣḥāq*, and to *Ya'ăqōb* *lē'mōr*, 'To *zar'ăkā* *'ettenennāh*.' *Her'îtîkā* with eyes of you, but *šāmmāh* not *ta'ăbōr*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*'āreṣ*": "feminine singular with definite article - 'the land'", "*nišba'tî*": "Niphal perfect 1st singular - 'I swore/I have sworn'", "*'Abrāhām*": "proper noun - 'Abraham'", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - 'Isaac'", "*Ya'ăqōb*": "proper noun - 'Jacob'", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'saying'", "*zar'ăkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your seed/offspring'", "*'ettenennāh*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'I will give it'", "*Her'îtîkā*": "Hiphil perfect 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'I have caused you to see'", "*šāmmāh*": "adverb - 'there/thither'", "*ta'ăbōr*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you will cross/pass over'" }, "variants": { "*'āreṣ*": "land/territory/country/earth", "*nišba'tî*": "I swore/I took an oath", "*zar'ăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*'ettenennāh*": "I will give it/I shall give it", "*Her'îtîkā*": "I have shown you/I have caused you to see", "*šāmmāh*": "there/thither/to there", "*ta'ăbōr*": "you will cross/pass over/traverse" } }
• Josh 1:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.3", "source": "כָּל־מָק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּדְרֹ֧ךְ כַּֽף־רַגְלְכֶ֛ם בּ֖וֹ לָכֶ֣ם נְתַתִּ֑יו כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי אֶל־מֹשֶֽׁה", "text": "Every-*māqôm* which *tidrōk* *kaf*-*raglkem* in-it to-you *nətattîw* as-which *dibbartî* unto-*Mōsheh*", "grammar": { "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*tidrōk*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will tread/step", "*kaf*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sole/palm of", "*raglkem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your foot", "*nətattîw*": "qal perfect 1st singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - I have given it", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect 1st singular - I spoke/have spoken", "*Mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses" }, "variants": { "*māqôm*": "place/location/site", "*tidrōk*": "treads/steps/walks", "*kaf*": "sole/palm/flat surface", "*nətattîw*": "I have given it/I give it" } } 4 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.4", "source": "מֵהַמִּדְבָּר֩ וְהַלְּבָנ֨וֹן הַזֶּ֜ה וְֽעַד־הַנָּהָ֧ר הַגָּד֣וֹל נְהַר־פְּרָ֗ת כֹּ֚ל אֶ֣רֶץ הַֽחִתִּ֔ים וְעַד־הַיָּ֥ם הַגָּד֖וֹל מְב֣וֹא הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ יִֽהְיֶ֖ה גְּבוּלְכֶֽם", "text": "From-the *midbar* and-the *Lǝbānôn* the-this and-unto-the *nāhār* the-*gādôl* *nǝhar*-*Pǝrāt*, all *ʾerets* the-*Ḥittîm* and-unto-the *yām* the-*gādôl* *mǝbôʾ* the-*shāmesh* *yihyeh* *gǝbûlkem*", "grammar": { "*midbar*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*Lǝbānôn*": "proper noun - Lebanon", "*nāhār*": "noun, masculine singular - river", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*nǝhar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - river of", "*Pǝrāt*": "proper noun - Euphrates", "*ʾerets*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Ḥittîm*": "proper noun, plural - Hittites", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*mǝbôʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - entrance/going down of", "*shāmesh*": "noun, feminine singular - sun", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be", "*gǝbûlkem*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your border/territory" }, "variants": { "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*nāhār*": "river/stream", "*mǝbôʾ*": "entrance/setting/going down", "*gǝbûlkem*": "your border/territory/boundary" } }
• Exod 23:27-31 : 27 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.27", "source": "אֶת־אֵֽימָתִי֙ אֲשַׁלַּ֣ח לְפָנֶ֔יךָ וְהַמֹּתִי֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּבֹ֖א בָּהֶ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֧י אֶת־כָּל־אֹיְבֶ֛יךָ אֵלֶ֖יךָ עֹֽרֶף׃", "text": "*ʾEt*-*ʾêmātî* *ʾăšallaḥ* before-you and-*hammōtî* *ʾet*-all-the-*ʿām* which *tābōʾ* in-them and-*nātattî* *ʾet*-all-*ʾōyĕbekā* to-you *ʿōrep*", "grammar": { "*ʾêmātî*": "noun feminine singular with 1st person common singular suffix - my terror/dread", "*ʾăšallaḥ*": "piel imperfect 1st person common singular - I will send", "*hammōtî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - I will confuse/confound", "*ʿām*": "noun masculine singular - people/nation", "*tābōʾ*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will come/enter", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - I will give", "*ʾōyĕbekā*": "qal participle masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*ʿōrep*": "noun masculine singular - neck/back of neck" }, "variants": { "*ʾêmātî*": "my terror/dread/fear", "*ʾăšallaḥ*": "I will send/dispatch/let loose", "*hammōtî*": "I will confuse/confound/throw into panic", "*nātattî ʾet-kol-ʾōyĕbekā ʾēleykā ʿōrep*": "I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you/I will cause your enemies to flee from you" } } 28 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.28", "source": "וְשָׁלַחְתִּ֥י אֶת־הַצִּרְעָ֖ה לְפָנֶ֑יךָ וְגֵרְשָׁ֗ה אֶת־הַחִוִּ֧י אֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֛י וְאֶת־הַחִתִּ֖י מִלְּפָנֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-*šālaḥtî* *ʾet*-the-*ṣirʿāh* before-you and-*gērĕšāh* *ʾet*-the-*ḥiwwî* *ʾet*-the-*kĕnaʿănî* and-*ʾet*-the-*ḥittî* from-before-you", "grammar": { "*šālaḥtî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - I will send", "*ṣirʿāh*": "noun feminine singular - hornet/wasp", "*gērĕšāh*": "piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - it will drive out", "*ḥiwwî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Hivite", "*kĕnaʿănî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Canaanite", "*ḥittî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Hittite" }, "variants": { "*ṣirʿāh*": "hornet/wasp/terror (possibly metaphorical)", "*gērĕšāh*": "it will drive out/expel/cast out" } } 29 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.29", "source": "לֹ֧א אֲגָרְשֶׁ֛נּוּ מִפָּנֶ֖יךָ בְּשָׁנָ֣ה אֶחָ֑ת פֶּן־תִּהְיֶ֤ה הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ שְׁמָמָ֔ה וְרַבָּ֥ה עָלֶ֖יךָ חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃", "text": "Not *ʾăgārĕšennû* from-before-you in-*šānāh* one lest-*tihyeh* the-*ʾāreṣ* *šĕmāmāh* and-*rabbāh* upon-you *ḥayyat* the-*śādeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾăgārĕšennû*": "piel imperfect 1st person common singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will drive them out", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will become", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land/earth", "*šĕmāmāh*": "noun feminine singular - desolation/waste", "*rabbāh*": "qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - will multiply", "*ḥayyat*": "noun feminine singular construct - beast/animal of", "*śādeh*": "noun masculine singular - field/open country" }, "variants": { "*ʾăgārĕšennû*": "I will drive them out/expel them/cast them out", "*šĕmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/desert", "*rabbāh*": "will multiply/increase/become many", "*ḥayyat ha-śādeh*": "beast of the field/wild animal" } } 30 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.30", "source": "מְעַ֥ט מְעַ֛ט אֲגָרְשֶׁ֖נּוּ מִפָּנֶ֑יךָ עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּפְרֶ֔ה וְנָחַלְתָּ֖ אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*Mĕʿaṭ mĕʿaṭ* *ʾăgārĕšennû* from-before-you until which *tipreh* and-*nāḥaltā* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*mĕʿaṭ mĕʿaṭ*": "adjective masculine singular (repeated) - little by little", "*ʾăgārĕšennû*": "piel imperfect 1st person common singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will drive them out", "*tipreh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will be fruitful/increase", "*nāḥaltā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - you will possess/inherit", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land/earth" }, "variants": { "*mĕʿaṭ mĕʿaṭ*": "little by little/gradually/bit by bit", "*tipreh*": "you will be fruitful/increase/multiply", "*nāḥaltā*": "you will possess/inherit/take possession of" } } 31 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.31", "source": "וְשַׁתִּ֣י אֶת־גְּבֻלְךָ֗ מִיַּם־סוּף֙ וְעַד־יָ֣ם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וּמִמִּדְבָּ֖ר עַד־הַנָּהָ֑ר כִּ֣י ׀ אֶתֵּ֣ן בְּיֶדְכֶ֗ם אֵ֚ת יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ וְגֵרַשְׁתָּ֖מוֹ מִפָּנֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-*šattî* *ʾet*-*gĕbulĕkā* from-*yam*-*sûp* and-until-*yām* *pĕlištîm* and-from-*midbār* until-the-*nāhār* for I-will-*ʾettēn* in-*yedkem* *ʾēt* *yōšĕbê* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-*gēraštāmô* from-before-you", "grammar": { "*šattî*": "qal perfect 1st person common singular with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - I will set/place", "*gĕbulĕkā*": "noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your border/territory", "*yam*": "noun masculine singular construct - sea of", "*sûp*": "noun masculine singular - reed/end", "*yām*": "noun masculine singular construct - sea of", "*pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine plural - Philistines", "*midbār*": "noun masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*nāhār*": "noun masculine singular - river", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect 1st person common singular - I will give", "*yedkem*": "noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your hand", "*yōšĕbê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land/earth", "*gēraštāmô*": "piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - you will drive them out" }, "variants": { "*šattî*": "I will set/place/establish", "*gĕbulĕkā*": "your border/territory/boundary", "*yam-sûp*": "Sea of Reeds/Red Sea", "*yām pĕlištîm*": "Sea of the Philistines/Mediterranean Sea", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert", "*nāhār*": "river (likely Euphrates)", "*yōšĕbê*": "inhabitants/dwellers/residents of", "*gēraštāmô*": "you will drive them out/expel them/cast them out" } }
• Gen 13:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Genesis.13.15", "source": "כִּ֧י אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֛רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה רֹאֶ֖ה לְךָ֣ אֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה וּֽלְזַרְעֲךָ֖ עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "For all *hāʾāreṣ* which you *rōʾê*, to you *ʾettĕnennâ* and to your *zarʿăḵā* unto *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*rōʾê*": "qal participle, masculine singular - seeing", "*ʾettĕnennâ*": "qal imperfect, 1st common singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I will give it", "*zarʿăḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/descendants", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - forever/eternity" }, "variants": { "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/the earth/the territory", "*rōʾê*": "seeing/looking at", "*ʾettĕnennâ*": "I will give it/I shall give it", "*zarʿăḵā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity" } }
• Gen 24:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.24.7", "source": "יְהוָ֣ה ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם אֲשֶׁ֨ר לְקָחַ֜נִי מִבֵּ֣ית אָבִי֮ וּמֵאֶ֣רֶץ מֽוֹלַדְתִּי֒ וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּר־לִ֜י וַאֲשֶׁ֤ר נִֽשְׁבַּֽע־לִי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לְזַ֨רְעֲךָ֔ אֶתֵּ֖ן אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֑את ה֗וּא יִשְׁלַ֤ח מַלְאָכוֹ֙ לְפָנֶ֔יךָ וְלָקַחְתָּ֥ אִשָּׁ֛ה לִבְנִ֖י מִשָּֽׁם׃", "text": "*yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* *haššāmayim* *ʾăšer* *ləqāḥanî* *mibêṯ* *ʾāḇî* *ûmēʾereṣ* *môlaḏtî* *waʾăšer* *dibber-lî* *waʾăšer* *nišbaʿ-lî* *lēʾmōr* *ləzarʿăḵā* *ʾettēn* *ʾeṯ-hāʾāreṣ* *hazzōʾṯ* *hûʾ* *yišlaḥ* *malʾāḵô* *ləp̄āneḵā* *wəlāqaḥtā* *ʾiššāh* *liḇnî* *miššām*", "grammar": { "*yhwh*": "proper noun - YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine dual - the heavens", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who", "*ləqāḥanî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - took me", "*mibêṯ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from house of", "*ʾāḇî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my father", "*ûmēʾereṣ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and from land of", "*môlaḏtî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my birth/kindred", "*waʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative particle - and who", "*dibber-lî*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition with 1st singular suffix - spoke to me", "*waʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative particle - and who", "*nišbaʿ-lî*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition with 1st singular suffix - swore to me", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ləzarʿăḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to your seed", "*ʾettēn*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will give", "*ʾeṯ-*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*hazzōʾṯ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*yišlaḥ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will send", "*malʾāḵô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his angel/messenger", "*ləp̄āneḵā*": "preposition + noun, plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - before you", "*wəlāqaḥtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall take", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife", "*liḇnî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - for my son", "*miššām*": "preposition + adverb - from there" }, "variants": { "*ləzarʿăḵā*": "to your seed/to your offspring/to your descendants", "*malʾāḵô*": "his angel/his messenger", "*ləp̄āneḵā*": "before you/ahead of you" } }
• Gen 26:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.26.4", "source": "וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֤י אֶֽת־זַרְעֲךָ֙ כְּכוֹכְבֵ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְנָתַתִּ֣י לְזַרְעֲךָ֔ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הָאֲרָצֹ֖ת הָאֵ֑ל וְהִתְבָּרֲכ֣וּ בְזַרְעֲךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל גּוֹיֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "and-*hirbêtî* *ʾet*-*zarʿăkā* like-*kôkəbê* *haš-šāmayim* and-*nātattî* to-*zarʿăkā* *ʾēt* all-*hā-ʾărāṣōt* *hā-ʾēl* and-*hitbārăkû* in-*zarʿăkā* all *gôyê* *hā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*hirbêtî*": "1st singular Hiphil perfect of רבה - I will multiply", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zarʿăkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*kôkəbê*": "masculine plural construct of כוכב - stars of", "*haš-šāmayim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the heavens", "*nātattî*": "1st singular Qal perfect of נתן - I will give", "*hā-ʾărāṣōt*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the lands", "*hā-ʾēl*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - these", "*hitbārăkû*": "3rd plural Hithpael perfect of ברך - they will bless themselves", "*gôyê*": "masculine plural construct of גוי - nations of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*hirbêtî*": "I will multiply/I will increase/I will make numerous", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*hitbārăkû*": "they will bless themselves/they will be blessed/they will find blessing" } }
• Num 34:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Numbers.34.5", "source": "וְנָסַ֧ב הַגְּב֛וּל מֵעַצְמ֖וֹן נַ֣חְלָה מִצְרָ֑יִם וְהָי֥וּ תוֹצְאֹתָ֖יו הַיָּֽמָּה׃", "text": "*wə-nāsab* *ha-gəbûl* *mē-ʿaṣmôn* *naḥlâ* *miṣrāyim* *wə-hāyû* *tôṣəʾōtāyw* *ha-yāmmâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-nāsab*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall turn", "*ha-gəbûl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the border", "*mē-ʿaṣmôn*": "preposition + proper noun - from Azmon", "*naḥlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - brook/wadi/torrent", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt/of Egypt", "*wə-hāyû*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall be", "*tôṣəʾōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its extremities/its limits", "*ha-yāmmâ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - to the sea" }, "variants": { "*wə-nāsab*": "and it shall turn/circle around/go around", "*naḥlâ*": "brook/wadi/torrent/stream", "*miṣrāyim*": "Egypt/of Egypt", "*tôṣəʾōtāyw*": "its extremities/its limits/its boundaries", "*ha-yāmmâ*": "to the sea/westward/to the Mediterranean" } }
• Gen 28:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.28.4", "source": "וְיִֽתֶּן־לְךָ֙ אֶת־בִּרְכַּ֣ת אַבְרָהָ֔ם לְךָ֖ וּלְזַרְעֲךָ֣ אִתָּ֑ךְ לְרִשְׁתְּךָ֙ אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ מְגֻרֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥ן אֱלֹהִ֖ים לְאַבְרָהָֽם", "text": "*wə-yitten-ləkā* *ʾet-birkat* *ʾabrāhām* to-you and-to-*zarʿăkā* *ʾittāk* *lərištəkā* *ʾet-ʾereṣ* *məgūrekā* *ʾăšer-nātan* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*ʾabrāhām*", "grammar": { "*wə-yitten-ləkā*": "waw conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and may he give to you", "*ʾet-birkat*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the blessing of", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*zarʿăkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾittāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you", "*lərištəkā*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - for your possessing", "*ʾet-ʾereṣ*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the land of", "*məgūrekā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sojournings", "*ʾăšer-nātan*": "relative pronoun + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - which gave", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham" }, "variants": { "*yitten*": "give/grant/bestow", "*birkat*": "blessing/gift/empowerment", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*lərištəkā*": "for your possessing/for your inheriting/to possess", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*məgūrekā*": "your sojournings/your temporary dwellings/your alien residences", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form with singular meaning)" } }
• Gen 28:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.28.13", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה נִצָּ֣ב עָלָיו֮ וַיֹּאמַר֒ אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֱלֹהֵי֙ אַבְרָהָ֣ם אָבִ֔יךָ וֵאלֹהֵ֖י יִצְחָ֑ק הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתָּה֙ שֹׁכֵ֣ב עָלֶ֔יהָ לְךָ֥ אֶתְּנֶ֖נָּה וּלְזַרְעֶֽךָ", "text": "and-behold *yhwh* *niṣṣāb* upon-him *wə-yōʾmar* I *yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾabrāhām* *ʾābîkā* and-*ʾĕlōhê* *yiṣḥāq* the-*ʾāreṣ* which you *šōkēb* upon-her to-you *ʾettənenāh* and-to-*zarʿekā*", "grammar": { "*yhwh*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*niṣṣāb*": "niphal participle masculine singular - standing/positioned", "*wə-yōʾmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the land", "*šōkēb*": "qal participle masculine singular - lying", "*ʾettənenāh*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I will give it", "*zarʿekā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring" }, "variants": { "*yhwh*": "YHWH/the LORD/Yahweh (divine name)", "*niṣṣāb*": "standing/positioned/stationed", "*yōʾmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of (plural construct form)", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*šōkēb*": "lying/reclining/sleeping", "*ʾettənenāh*": "I will give it/I will bestow it/I will grant it", "*zarʿekā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants" } } 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.28.14", "source": "וְהָיָ֤ה זַרְעֲךָ֙ כַּעֲפַ֣ר הָאָ֔רֶץ וּפָרַצְתָּ֛ יָ֥מָּה וָקֵ֖דְמָה וְצָפֹ֣נָה וָנֶ֑גְבָּה וְנִבְרֲכ֥וּ בְךָ֛ כָּל־מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הָאֲדָמָ֖ה וּבְזַרְעֶֽךָ", "text": "*wə-hāyâ* *zarʿăkā* like-*ʿăpar* the-*ʾāreṣ* *û-pāraṣtā* *yāmmâ* *wā-qēdəmâ* *wə-ṣāpōnâ* *wā-negbâ* *wə-nibrəkû* in-you all-*mišpəḥōt* the-*ʾădāmâ* and-in-*zarʿekā*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyâ*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and will be", "*zarʿăkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʿăpar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dust of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the earth", "*û-pāraṣtā*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you will spread", "*yāmmâ*": "noun, masculine singular + directional heh - westward", "*wā-qēdəmâ*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - and eastward", "*wə-ṣāpōnâ*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - and northward", "*wā-negbâ*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - and southward", "*wə-nibrəkû*": "waw conjunction + niphal perfect 3rd common plural - and will be blessed", "*mišpəḥōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - families/clans of", "*ʾădāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the ground/earth", "*zarʿekā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring" }, "variants": { "*hāyâ*": "will be/shall become", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*ʿăpar*": "dust/soil/dirt", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*pāraṣtā*": "you will spread/you will break forth/you will expand", "*yāmmâ*": "westward/seaward/to the sea", "*qēdəmâ*": "eastward/to the east", "*ṣāpōnâ*": "northward/to the north", "*negbâ*": "southward/to the south", "*nibrəkû*": "will be blessed/will find blessing/will gain blessing", "*mišpəḥōt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*ʾădāmâ*": "ground/soil/earth" } }
• Gen 35:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.35.12", "source": "וְאֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֛תִּי לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם וּלְיִצְחָ֖ק לְךָ֣ אֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה וּֽלְזַרְעֲךָ֥ אַחֲרֶ֖יךָ אֶתֵּ֥ן אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *wȇʾet-hāʾāreṣ* *ʾăšer* I *nātattî* to *lȇʾabrāhām* and to *ûlȇyiṣḥāq*, to you *lȇkā* I *ʾettȇnennâ*, and to your *ûlȇzarʿăkā* after you *ʾaḥăreykā* I *ʾettēn* *ʾet-hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wȇʾet-hāʾāreṣ*": "waw consecutive + direct object marker + article + feminine singular noun - and the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I gave", "*lȇʾabrāhām*": "preposition + proper noun - to Abraham", "*ûlȇyiṣḥāq*": "waw consecutive + preposition + proper noun - and to Isaac", "*lȇkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ʾettȇnennâ*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I will give it", "*ûlȇzarʿăkā*": "waw consecutive + preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and to your seed", "*ʾaḥăreykā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - after you", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will give", "*ʾet-hāʾāreṣ*": "direct object marker + article + feminine singular noun - the land" }, "variants": { "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/the earth/the territory", "*nātattî*": "I gave/I granted/I bestowed", "*ʾettȇnennâ*": "I will give it/I shall grant it/I will bestow it", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*ʾaḥăreykā*": "after you/following you/succeeding you" } }
• Gen 50:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Genesis.50.24", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יוֹסֵף֙ אֶל־אֶחָ֔יו אָנֹכִ֖י מֵ֑ת וֵֽאלֹהִ֞ים פָּקֹ֧ד יִפְקֹ֣ד אֶתְכֶ֗ם וְהֶעֱלָ֤ה אֶתְכֶם֙ מִן־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את אֶל־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבַּ֛ע לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם לְיִצְחָ֖ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹֽב׃", "text": "*Wa-yōʾmer* *Yôsēp̱* unto-his-brothers *ʾānōḵî* *mēṯ* *wē-ʾlōhîm* *pāqōḏ* *yip̱qōḏ* *ʾeṯḵem* *wə-heʿĕlāh* *ʾeṯḵem* from-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *ha-zōʾṯ* unto-*hā-ʾāreṣ* which *nišbaʿ* to-*ʾAḇrāhām* to-*Yiṣḥāq* and-to-*Yaʿăqōḇ*", "grammar": { "*Wa-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Yôsēp̱*": "proper noun - Joseph", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st common singular independent pronoun - I", "*mēṯ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - dying/about to die", "*wē-ʾlōhîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and God", "*pāqōḏ*": "qal infinitive absolute - visiting", "*yip̱qōḏ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will visit", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*wə-heʿĕlāh*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will bring up", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*ha-zōʾṯ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*nišbaʿ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he swore", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*Yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob" }, "variants": { "*pāqōḏ yip̱qōḏ*": "surely visit/certainly remember/definitely attend to", "*mēṯ*": "dying/about to die", "*pāqōḏ*": "visit/attend to/remember" } }
• Exod 3:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.3.8", "source": "וָאֵרֵ֞ד לְהַצִּיל֣וֹ ׀ מִיַּ֣ד מִצְרַ֗יִם וּֽלְהַעֲלֹתוֹ֮ מִן־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַהִוא֒ אֶל־אֶ֤רֶץ טוֹבָה֙ וּרְחָבָ֔ה אֶל־אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָ֑שׁ אֶל־מְק֤וֹם הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְהַ֣חִתִּ֔י וְהָֽאֱמֹרִי֙ וְהַפְּרִזִּ֔י וְהַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃", "text": "*Wāʾērēd* to-*haṣṣîlō* from-*yad* *Miṣrayim* and-to-*ha'ălōtō* from-*hāʾāreṣ* *hahiwʾ* to-*ʾereṣ* *ṭōḇāh* and-*reḥāḇāh* to-*ʾereṣ* *zāḇat* *ḥālāḇ* and-*deḇāš* to-*meqōm* *hakkenă'ănî* and-*haḥittî* and-*hāʾĕmōrî* and-*happerizzî* and-*haḥiwwî* and-*hayeḇûsî*.", "grammar": { "*Wāʾērēd*": "consecutive imperfect, 1st person singular - and I have come down", "*haṣṣîlō*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with 3rd masculine singular suffix and preposition - to deliver him", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ha'ălōtō*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with 3rd masculine singular suffix and preposition - to bring him up", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*hahiwʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular with definite article - that", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ṭōḇāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - good", "*reḥāḇāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - spacious/large", "*zāḇat*": "participle, feminine singular construct, qal - flowing with", "*ḥālāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - milk", "*deḇāš*": "noun, masculine singular - honey", "*meqōm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place of", "*hakkenă'ănî*": "gentilic, masculine singular with definite article - the Canaanite", "*haḥittî*": "gentilic, masculine singular with definite article - the Hittite", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "gentilic, masculine singular with definite article - the Amorite", "*happerizzî*": "gentilic, masculine singular with definite article - the Perizzite", "*haḥiwwî*": "gentilic, masculine singular with definite article - the Hivite", "*hayeḇûsî*": "gentilic, masculine singular with definite article - the Jebusite" }, "variants": { "*haṣṣîlō*": "to deliver him/rescue him/save him", "*yad*": "hand/power/control", "*ha'ălōtō*": "to bring him up/cause him to ascend/lead him up", "*ṭōḇāh*": "good/pleasant/fertile", "*reḥāḇāh*": "spacious/large/broad", "*zāḇat*": "flowing with/oozing with/gushing", "*deḇāš*": "honey/syrup/nectar" } }
• Exod 6:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.4", "source": "וְגַ֨ם הֲקִמֹ֤תִי אֶת־בְּרִיתִי֙ אִתָּ֔ם לָתֵ֥ת לָהֶ֖ם אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן אֵ֛ת אֶ֥רֶץ מְגֻרֵיהֶ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־גָּ֥רוּ בָֽהּ׃", "text": "and-also *hăqîmōtî* *ʾet*-my-covenant with-them to-give to-them *ʾet*-land *Kənaʿan ʾēt* land *məḡûrêhem* which *gārû* in-it", "grammar": { "and-also": "conjunction + adverb *wə-ḡam* - and also", "*hăqîmōtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I established", "*ʾet*-my-covenant": "direct object marker + noun + 1st singular possessive suffix *ʾet-bərîtî* - my covenant", "with-them": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix *ʾittām* - with them", "to-give": "preposition + infinitive construct *lātēt* - to give", "to-them": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix *lāhem* - to them", "*ʾet*-land": "direct object marker + noun construct *ʾet-ʾereṣ* - the land of", "*Kənaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "land": "noun, feminine singular construct *ʾereṣ* - land of", "*məḡûrêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sojournings", "which": "relative pronoun *ʾăšer* - which, that", "*gārû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they sojourned", "in-it": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix *bāh* - in it" }, "variants": { "*hăqîmōtî*": "I established, I confirmed, I set up", "*bərîtî*": "my covenant, my agreement, my promise", "*Kənaʿan*": "Canaan, the promised land", "*məḡûrêhem*": "their sojournings, their temporary dwelling places, their alien residences", "*gārû*": "they sojourned, they lived as aliens, they resided temporarily" } }
• Exod 23:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.23", "source": "כִּֽי־יֵלֵ֣ךְ מַלְאָכִי֮ לְפָנֶיךָ֒ וֶהֱבִֽיאֲךָ֗ אֶל־הָֽאֱמֹרִי֙ וְהַ֣חִתִּ֔י וְהַפְּרִזִּי֙ וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י הַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִ֑י וְהִכְחַדְתִּֽיו׃", "text": "For-*yēlēk* *malʾākî* before-you and-*hĕbîʾăkā* to-the-*ʾĕmōrî* and-the-*ḥittî* and-the-*pĕrizzî* and-the-*kĕnaʿănî* the-*ḥiwwî* and-the-*yĕbûsî* and-*hikḥadtîw*", "grammar": { "*yēlēk*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will go/walk", "*malʾākî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st person common singular suffix - my messenger/angel", "*hĕbîʾăkā*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive (functions as imperfect) - he will bring you", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Amorite", "*ḥittî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Hittite", "*pĕrizzî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Perizzite", "*kĕnaʿănî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Canaanite", "*ḥiwwî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Hivite", "*yĕbûsî*": "proper noun, gentilic masculine singular - Jebusite", "*hikḥadtîw*": "hiphil perfect 1st person common singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will destroy him" }, "variants": { "*yēlēk*": "will go/walk/proceed", "*malʾākî*": "my messenger/my angel/my envoy", "*hĕbîʾăkā*": "he will bring you/lead you/bring you in", "*hikḥadtîw*": "I will destroy him/cut him off/annihilate him" } }
• Gen 17:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י אַבְרָ֔ם בֶּן־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וְתֵ֣שַׁע שָׁנִ֑ים וַיֵּרָ֨א יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־אַבְרָ֗ם וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ אֲנִי־אֵ֣ל שַׁדַּ֔י הִתְהַלֵּ֥ךְ לְפָנַ֖י וֶהְיֵ֥ה תָמִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yhî* *ʾAḇrām* *ben*-*tišʿîm* *šānāh* *wə-tēšaʿ* *šānîm* *wa-yērāʾ* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*ʾAḇrām* *wa-yōʾmer* *ʾēlāyw* *ʾănî*-*ʾĒl* *Šadday* *hithalēḵ* *lə-p̄ānay* *we-hyēh* *tāmîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abram", "*ben*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - son of", "*tišʿîm*": "cardinal number - ninety", "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - year", "*wə-tēšaʿ*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and nine", "*šānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years", "*wa-yērāʾ*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and appeared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*ʾĒl*": "noun, divine name - God/deity", "*Šadday*": "divine epithet - Almighty/All-sufficient", "*hithalēḵ*": "hithpael imperative masculine singular - walk yourself/continually walk", "*lə-p̄ānay*": "preposition + noun + 1st person singular suffix - before me/in my presence", "*we-hyēh*": "conjunction + qal imperative masculine singular - and be", "*tāmîm*": "adjective, masculine singular - complete/whole/blameless/perfect" }, "variants": { "*yhî*": "to be/happen/exist", "*ʾĒl Šadday*": "God Almighty/All-sufficient One/God of the mountain", "*hithalēḵ*": "walk habitually/walk back and forth/live one's life", "*tāmîm*": "complete/whole/blameless/perfect/having integrity" } } 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.2", "source": "וְאֶתְּנָ֥ה בְרִיתִ֖י בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֑ךָ וְאַרְבֶּ֥ה אוֹתְךָ֖ בִּמְאֹ֥ד מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "*wə-ʾettənāh* *bərîtî* *bênî* *û-ḇêneḵā* *wə-ʾarbeh* *ʾôtəḵā* *bi-məʾōḏ* *məʾōḏ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + qal cohortative 1st person singular - and I will give/place/set", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*û-ḇêneḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and between you", "*wə-ʾarbeh*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - and I will multiply/increase", "*ʾôtəḵā*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - you", "*bi-məʾōḏ*": "preposition + noun - in abundance/exceedingly", "*məʾōḏ*": "noun - very much/exceedingly (repetition for emphasis)" }, "variants": { "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/alliance", "*ʾarbeh*": "increase/multiply/make abundant", "*bi-məʾōḏ məʾōḏ*": "exceedingly/greatly/very very much" } } 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.3", "source": "וַיִּפֹּ֥ל אַבְרָ֖ם עַל־פָּנָ֑יו וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתּ֛וֹ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wa-yippōl* *ʾAḇrām* *ʿal*-*pānāyw* *wa-yəḏabbēr* *ʾittô* *ʾĔlōhîm* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yippōl*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fell", "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abram", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*pānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*wa-yəḏabbēr*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and spoke", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God/gods (plural form, singular meaning)", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*pānāyw*": "face/presence/surface", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say (introducing direct speech)" } } 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.4", "source": "אֲנִ֕י הִנֵּ֥ה בְרִיתִ֖י אִתָּ֑ךְ וְהָיִ֕יתָ לְאַ֖ב הֲמ֥וֹן גּוֹיִֽם׃", "text": "*ʾănî* *hinnēh* *bərîtî* *ʾittāḵ* *wə-hāyîtā* *lə-ʾaḇ* *hămôn* *gôyîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look/see", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾittāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - with you", "*wə-hāyîtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be/become", "*lə-ʾaḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - for father of", "*hămôn*": "noun masculine singular construct - multitude/crowd of", "*gôyîm*": "noun masculine plural - nations/peoples/gentiles" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see here (drawing attention)", "*hămôn*": "multitude/crowd/abundance/noise", "*gôyîm*": "nations/peoples/gentiles/non-Israelites" } } 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.5", "source": "וְלֹא־יִקָּרֵ֥א ע֛וֹד אֶת־שִׁמְךָ֖ אַבְרָ֑ם וְהָיָ֤ה שִׁמְךָ֙ אַבְרָהָ֔ם כִּ֛י אַב־הֲמ֥וֹן גּוֹיִ֖ם נְתַתִּֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-lōʾ*-*yiqqārēʾ* *ʿôḏ* *ʾet*-*šimḵā* *ʾAḇrām* *wə-hāyāh* *šimḵā* *ʾAḇrāhām* *kî* *ʾaḇ*-*hămôn* *gôyîm* *nətattîḵā*", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yiqqārēʾ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be called", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - again/still/anymore", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šimḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abram", "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "*šimḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abraham", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾaḇ*": "noun masculine singular construct - father of", "*hămôn*": "noun masculine singular construct - multitude of", "*gôyîm*": "noun masculine plural - nations/peoples", "*nətattîḵā*": "qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have made you" }, "variants": { "*ʾAḇrām*": "exalted father/high father", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "father of a multitude/father of many", "*nətattîḵā*": "I have given/placed/set/appointed you" } } 6 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.6", "source": "וְהִפְרֵתִ֤י אֹֽתְךָ֙ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֔ד וּנְתַתִּ֖יךָ לְגוֹיִ֑ם וּמְלָכִ֖ים מִמְּךָ֥ יֵצֵֽאוּ׃", "text": "*wə-hip̄rētî* *ʾōtəḵā* *bi-məʾōḏ* *məʾōḏ* *û-nətattîḵā* *lə-gôyîm* *û-məlāḵîm* *mimməḵā* *yēṣēʾû*", "grammar": { "*wə-hip̄rētî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make fruitful", "*ʾōtəḵā*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - you", "*bi-məʾōḏ*": "preposition + noun - in abundance/exceedingly", "*məʾōḏ*": "noun - very much/exceedingly (repetition for emphasis)", "*û-nətattîḵā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make you", "*lə-gôyîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - into nations", "*û-məlāḵîm*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural - and kings", "*mimməḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from you", "*yēṣēʾû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will come out/go forth" }, "variants": { "*hip̄rētî*": "make fruitful/make productive/cause to be fertile", "*nətattîḵā*": "give you/set you/establish you", "*yēṣēʾû*": "come out/go forth/proceed/emerge" } } 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.7", "source": "וַהֲקִמֹתִ֨י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֜י בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֗ךָ וּבֵ֨ין זַרְעֲךָ֧ אַחֲרֶ֛יךָ לְדֹרֹתָ֖ם לִבְרִ֣ית עוֹלָ֑ם לִהְי֤וֹת לְךָ֙ לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים וּֽלְזַרְעֲךָ֖ אַחֲרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wa-hăqîmōtî* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *bênî* *û-ḇêneḵā* *û-ḇên* *zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā* *lə-ḏōrōtām* *li-ḇərît* *ʿôlām* *li-hyôt* *ləḵā* *lēʾlōhîm* *û-lə-zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā*", "grammar": { "*wa-hăqîmōtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will establish", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*û-ḇêneḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and between you", "*û-ḇên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*zarʿăḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you", "*lə-ḏōrōtām*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - throughout their generations", "*li-ḇərît*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - for a covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity", "*li-hyôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to be", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*lēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - God/for God", "*û-lə-zarʿăḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and to your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you" }, "variants": { "*hăqîmōtî*": "establish/confirm/ratify/fulfill", "*zarʿăḵā*": "seed/offspring/descendants/posterity", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/perpetual/eternal/indefinite time" } } 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.8", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֣י לְ֠ךָ וּלְזַרְעֲךָ֨ אַחֲרֶ֜יךָ אֵ֣ת ׀ אֶ֣רֶץ מְגֻרֶ֗יךָ אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן לַאֲחֻזַּ֖ת עוֹלָ֑ם וְהָיִ֥יתִי לָהֶ֖ם לֵאלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-nātattî* *ləḵā* *û-lə-zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā* *ʾēt* *ʾereṣ* *məgureḵā* *ʾēt* *kol*-*ʾereṣ* *Kənaʿan* *la-ʾăḥuzzat* *ʿôlām* *wə-hāyîtî* *lāhem* *lēʾlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-nātattî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will give", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*û-lə-zarʿăḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and to your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*məgureḵā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sojournings", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kənaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*la-ʾăḥuzzat*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - for a possession of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity", "*wə-hāyîtî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will be", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*lēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - for God" }, "variants": { "*məgureḵā*": "sojournings/dwelling as alien/temporary residence", "*ʾăḥuzzat*": "possession/property/holding", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/perpetual/eternal/indefinite time" } } 9 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֔ם וְאַתָּ֖ה אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֣י תִשְׁמֹ֑ר אַתָּ֛ה וְזַרְעֲךָ֥ אֽ͏ַחֲרֶ֖יךָ לְדֹרֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾĔlōhîm* *ʾel*-*ʾAḇrāhām* *wə-ʾattāh* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *tišmōr* *ʾattāh* *wə-zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā* *lə-ḏōrōtām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*tišmōr*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall keep", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*wə-zarʿăḵā*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you", "*lə-ḏōrōtām*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - throughout their generations" }, "variants": { "*tišmōr*": "keep/observe/guard/preserve", "*zarʿăḵā*": "seed/offspring/descendants/posterity", "*lə-ḏōrōtām*": "throughout their generations/for their generations" } } 10 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.10", "source": "זֹ֣את בְּרִיתִ֞י אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּשְׁמְר֗וּ בֵּינִי֙ וּבֵ֣ינֵיכֶ֔ם וּבֵ֥ין זַרְעֲךָ֖ אַחֲרֶ֑יךָ הִמּ֥וֹל לָכֶ֖ם כָּל־זָכָֽר׃", "text": "*zōʾt* *bərîtî* *ʾăšer* *tišmərû* *bênî* *û-ḇênêḵem* *û-ḇên* *zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā* *himmôl* *lāḵem* *kol*-*zāḵār*", "grammar": { "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun feminine singular - this", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*tišmərû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall keep", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*û-ḇênêḵem*": "conjunction + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and between you (plural)", "*û-ḇên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*zarʿăḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you", "*himmôl*": "niphal infinitive absolute - to be circumcised", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for yourselves", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - every", "*zāḵār*": "noun masculine singular - male" }, "variants": { "*tišmərû*": "keep/observe/guard/preserve (plural)", "*himmôl*": "to be circumcised/circumcising", "*zāḵār*": "male/man-child" } } 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.11", "source": "וּנְמַלְתֶּ֕ם אֵ֖ת בְּשַׂ֣ר עָרְלַתְכֶ֑ם וְהָיָה֙ לְא֣וֹת בְּרִ֔ית בֵּינִ֖י וּבֵינֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*û-nəmaltem* *ʾēt* *bəśar* *ʿorlat'ḵem* *wə-hāyāh* *lə-ʾôt* *bərît* *bênî* *û-ḇênêḵem*", "grammar": { "*û-nəmaltem*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall circumcise", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlat'ḵem*": "noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your foreskin", "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*lə-ʾôt*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - for a sign of", "*bərît*": "noun feminine singular - covenant", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*û-ḇênêḵem*": "conjunction + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and between you (plural)" }, "variants": { "*bəśar*": "flesh/body/skin/meat", "*ʿorlah*": "foreskin/uncircumcision", "*ʾôt*": "sign/mark/token/symbol" } } 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.12", "source": "וּבֶן־שְׁמֹנַ֣ת יָמִ֗ים יִמּ֥וֹל לָכֶ֛ם כָּל־זָכָ֖ר לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶ֑ם יְלִ֣יד בָּ֔יִת וּמִקְנַת־כֶּ֙סֶף֙ מִכֹּ֣ל בֶּן־נֵכָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹ֥א מִֽזַּרְעֲךָ֖ הֽוּא׃", "text": "*û-ḇen*-*šəmōnat* *yāmîm* *yimmôl* *lāḵem* *kol*-*zāḵār* *lə-ḏōrōtêḵem* *yəlîḏ* *bāyit* *û-miqnat*-*kesep̄* *mikkōl* *ben*-*nēḵār* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ* *mi-zarʿăḵā* *hûʾ*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇen*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - and son of", "*šəmōnat*": "cardinal number feminine singular construct - eight of", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - days", "*yimmôl*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - shall be circumcised", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for you (plural)", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - every", "*zāḵār*": "noun masculine singular - male", "*lə-ḏōrōtêḵem*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - throughout your generations", "*yəlîḏ*": "noun masculine singular construct - one born in", "*bāyit*": "noun masculine singular - house", "*û-miqnat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and acquisition of", "*kesep̄*": "noun masculine singular - money/silver", "*mikkōl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from every", "*ben*": "noun masculine singular construct - son of", "*nēḵār*": "noun masculine singular - foreigner/stranger", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*mi-zarʿăḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your offspring", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*yəlîḏ bāyit*": "house-born/born in household/home-born slave", "*miqnat-kesep̄*": "purchased with money/bought with silver", "*ben-nēḵār*": "foreigner/stranger/alien" } } 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.13", "source": "הִמּ֧וֹל ׀ יִמּ֛וֹל יְלִ֥יד בּֽ͏ֵיתְךָ֖ וּמִקְנַ֣ת כַּסְפֶּ֑ךָ וְהָיְתָ֧ה בְרִיתִ֛י בִּבְשַׂרְכֶ֖ם לִבְרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*himmôl* *yimmôl* *yəlîḏ* *bêtəḵā* *û-miqnat* *kaspekā* *wə-hāytāh* *bərîtî* *bi-ḇśarḵem* *li-ḇərît* *ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*himmôl*": "niphal infinitive absolute - circumcising", "*yimmôl*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - must be circumcised", "*yəlîḏ*": "noun masculine singular construct - one born in", "*bêtəḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your house", "*û-miqnat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and acquisition of", "*kaspekā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your money/silver", "*wə-hāytāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and it shall be", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*bi-ḇśarḵem*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your flesh", "*li-ḇərît*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - for a covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity" }, "variants": { "*himmôl yimmôl*": "must certainly be circumcised (emphatic infinitive construction)", "*bi-ḇśarḵem*": "in your flesh/in your body/physically marked", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/perpetual/eternal/indefinite time" } } 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.14", "source": "וְעָרֵ֣ל ׀ זָכָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יִמּוֹל֙ אֶת־בְּשַׂ֣ר עָרְלָת֔וֹ וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵעַמֶּ֑יהָ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֖י הֵפַֽר׃", "text": "*wə-ʿārēl* *zāḵār* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*yimmôl* *ʾet*-*bəśar* *ʿorlātô* *wə-niḵrətāh* *han-nep̄eš* *ha-hiwʾ* *mē-ʿammeyhā* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *hēp̄ar*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿārēl*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and uncircumcised", "*zāḵār*": "noun masculine singular - male", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yimmôl*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - is circumcised", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his foreskin", "*wə-niḵrətāh*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and shall be cut off", "*han-nep̄eš*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the soul/person", "*ha-hiwʾ*": "definite article + 3rd person feminine singular pronoun - that", "*mē-ʿammeyhā*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - from her peoples", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*hēp̄ar*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has broken" }, "variants": { "*ʿārēl*": "uncircumcised/foreskinned", "*niḵrətāh*": "cut off/removed/excluded/destroyed", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/person/self", "*hēp̄ar*": "broken/violated/nullified/made ineffective" } } 15 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֔ם שָׂרַ֣י אִשְׁתְּךָ֔ לֹא־תִקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמָ֖הּ שָׂרָ֑י כִּ֥י שָׂרָ֖ה שְׁמָֽהּ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾĔlōhîm* *ʾel*-*ʾAḇrāhām* *Śāray* *ʾištəḵā* *lōʾ*-*tiqrāʾ* *ʾet*-*šəmāh* *Śārāy* *kî* *Śārāh* *šəmāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*Śāray*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarai", "*ʾištəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wife", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiqrāʾ*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you shall call", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šəmāh*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her name", "*Śārāy*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarai", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*Śārāh*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarah", "*šəmāh*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her name" }, "variants": { "*Śāray*": "my princess/contentious/quarrelsome", "*Śārāh*": "princess/noblewoman/lady" } } 16 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.16", "source": "וּבֵרַכְתִּ֣י אֹתָ֔הּ וְגַ֨ם נָתַ֧תִּי מִמֶּ֛נָּה לְךָ֖ בֵּ֑ן וּבֵֽרַכְתִּ֙יהָ֙ וְהָֽיְתָ֣ה לְגוֹיִ֔ם מַלְכֵ֥י עַמִּ֖ים מִמֶּ֥נָּה יִהְיֽוּ׃", "text": "*û-ḇēraḵtî* *ʾōtāh* *wə-gam* *nātattî* *mimmennāh* *ləḵā* *bēn* *û-ḇēraḵtîhā* *wə-hāytāh* *lə-gôyim* *malḵê* *ʿammîm* *mimmennāh* *yihyû*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇēraḵtî*": "conjunction + piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will bless", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her", "*wə-gam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I will give", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - from her", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bēn*": "noun masculine singular - son", "*û-ḇēraḵtîhā*": "conjunction + piel perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and I will bless her", "*wə-hāytāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and she shall be/become", "*lə-gôyim*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - into nations", "*malḵê*": "noun masculine plural construct - kings of", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - from her", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be" }, "variants": { "*bēraḵtî*": "bless/kneel/praise", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } } 17 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.17", "source": "וַיִּפֹּ֧ל אַבְרָהָ֛ם עַל־פָּנָ֖יו וַיִּצְחָ֑ק וַיֹּ֣אמֶר בְּלִבּ֗וֹ הַלְּבֶ֤ן מֵאָֽה־שָׁנָה֙ יִוָּלֵ֔ד וְאִ֨ם־שָׂרָ֔ה הֲבַת־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה תֵּלֵֽד׃", "text": "*wa-yippōl* *ʾAḇrāhām* *ʿal*-*pānāyw* *wa-yiṣḥāq* *wa-yōʾmer* *bə-libbô* *ha-ləḇen* *mēʾāh*-*šānāh* *yiwwālēḏ* *wə-ʾim*-*Śārāh* *hă-ḇat*-*tišʿîm* *šānāh* *tēlēḏ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yippōl*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fell", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*pānāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*wa-yiṣḥāq*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he laughed", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*bə-libbô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his heart", "*ha-ləḇen*": "interrogative particle + preposition + noun masculine singular - to the son of", "*mēʾāh*": "cardinal number - hundred", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*yiwwālēḏ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be born", "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*Śārāh*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarah", "*hă-ḇat*": "interrogative particle + noun feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*tišʿîm*": "cardinal number - ninety", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*tēlēḏ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will bear/give birth" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiṣḥāq*": "and he laughed/rejoiced/played/mocked", "*bə-libbô*": "in his heart/in himself/in his mind", "*tēlēḏ*": "bear/give birth/bring forth" } } 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.18", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אַבְרָהָ֖ם אֶל־הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֑ים ל֥וּ יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל יִחְיֶ֥ה לְפָנֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾAḇrāhām* *ʾel*-*hā-ʾĔlōhîm* *lû* *Yišmāʿēʾl* *yiḥyeh* *lə-p̄āneḵā*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*hā-ʾĔlōhîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the God", "*lû*": "particle of wish - O that/would that/if only", "*Yišmāʿēʾl*": "proper noun masculine singular - Ishmael", "*yiḥyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - might live", "*lə-p̄āneḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you/in your presence" }, "variants": { "*lû*": "O that/would that/if only (expressing wish or desire)", "*yiḥyeh*": "live/be alive/survive/prosper", "*lə-p̄āneḵā*": "before you/in your presence/in your sight" } } 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.19", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֗ים אֲבָל֙ שָׂרָ֣ה אִשְׁתְּךָ֗ יֹלֶ֤דֶת לְךָ֙ בֵּ֔ן וְקָרָ֥אתָ אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ יִצְחָ֑ק וַהֲקִמֹתִ֨י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֥י אִתּ֛וֹ לִבְרִ֥ית עוֹלָ֖ם לְזַרְע֥וֹ אַחֲרָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾĔlōhîm* *ʾăḇāl* *Śārāh* *ʾištəḵā* *yōleḏet* *ləḵā* *bēn* *wə-qārāʾtā* *ʾet*-*šəmô* *Yiṣḥāq* *wa-hăqîmōtî* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *ʾittô* *li-ḇərît* *ʿôlām* *lə-zarʿô* *ʾaḥărāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*ʾăḇāl*": "adverb - truly/indeed/nevertheless", "*Śārāh*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarah", "*ʾištəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wife", "*yōleḏet*": "qal participle feminine singular - is bearing/will bear", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bēn*": "noun masculine singular - son", "*wə-qārāʾtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall call", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šəmô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun masculine singular - Isaac", "*wa-hăqîmōtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will establish", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*li-ḇərît*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - for a covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity", "*lə-zarʿô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for his seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - after him" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḇāl*": "truly/indeed/nevertheless/but", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "he laughs/laughter (related to Abraham's laughing)", "*hăqîmōtî*": "establish/confirm/ratify/fulfill" } } 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.20", "source": "וּֽלְיִשְׁמָעֵאל֘ שְׁמַעְתִּיךָ֒ הִנֵּ֣ה ׀ בֵּרַ֣כְתִּי אֹת֗וֹ וְהִפְרֵיתִ֥י אֹת֛וֹ וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֥י אֹת֖וֹ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֤ר נְשִׂיאִם֙ יוֹלִ֔יד וּנְתַתִּ֖יו לְג֥וֹי גָּדֽוֹל׃", "text": "*û-lə-Yišmāʿēʾl* *šəmaʿtîḵā* *hinnēh* *bēraḵtî* *ʾōtô* *wə-hip̄rêtî* *ʾōtô* *wə-hirbêtî* *ʾōtô* *bi-məʾōḏ* *məʾōḏ* *šənêm*-*ʿāśār* *nəśîʾîm* *yôlîḏ* *û-nətattîw* *lə-gôy* *gāḏôl*", "grammar": { "*û-lə-Yišmāʿēʾl*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun masculine singular - and concerning Ishmael", "*šəmaʿtîḵā*": "qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have heard you", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*bēraḵtî*": "piel perfect 1st person singular - I have blessed", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*wə-hip̄rêtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make fruitful", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*wə-hirbêtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will multiply", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*bi-məʾōḏ*": "preposition + noun - in abundance/exceedingly", "*məʾōḏ*": "noun - very much/exceedingly (repetition for emphasis)", "*šənêm*": "cardinal number dual construct - two of", "*ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - ten", "*nəśîʾîm*": "noun masculine plural - princes/chiefs/rulers", "*yôlîḏ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will beget", "*û-nətattîw*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make him", "*lə-gôy*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - for a nation", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great/large" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿtîḵā*": "I have heard you/I have listened to you", "*nəśîʾîm*": "princes/chiefs/rulers/leaders", "*gôy gāḏôl*": "great nation/large people/mighty nation" } } 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.21", "source": "וְאֶת־בְּרִיתִ֖י אָקִ֣ים אֶת־יִצְחָ֑ק אֲשֶׁר֩ תֵּלֵ֨ד לְךָ֤ שָׂרָה֙ לַמּוֹעֵ֣ד הַזֶּ֔ה בַּשָּׁנָ֖ה הָאַחֶֽרֶת׃", "text": "*wə-ʾet*-*bərîtî* *ʾāqîm* *ʾet*-*Yiṣḥāq* *ʾăšer* *tēlēḏ* *ləḵā* *Śārāh* *lam-môʿēḏ* *haz-zeh* *baš-šānāh* *hā-ʾaḥeret*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾāqîm*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will establish", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun masculine singular - Isaac", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*tēlēḏ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will bear", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*Śārāh*": "proper noun feminine singular - Sarah", "*lam-môʿēḏ*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - at the appointed time", "*haz-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*baš-šānāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the year", "*hā-ʾaḥeret*": "definite article + adjective feminine singular - the next/other" }, "variants": { "*ʾāqîm*": "establish/set up/confirm/fulfill", "*môʿēḏ*": "appointed time/season/festival", "*hā-ʾaḥeret*": "the next/the other/the following" } } 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.22", "source": "וַיְכַ֖ל לְדַבֵּ֣ר אִתּ֑וֹ וַיַּ֣עַל אֱלֹהִ֔ים מֵעַ֖ל אַבְרָהָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yəḵal* *lə-ḏabbēr* *ʾittô* *wa-yaʿal* *ʾĔlōhîm* *mē-ʿal* *ʾAḇrāhām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəḵal*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he finished", "*lə-ḏabbēr*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - speaking", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*wa-yaʿal*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and went up", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*mē-ʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəḵal*": "finished/completed/ended", "*wa-yaʿal*": "went up/ascended/departed", "*mē-ʿal*": "from upon/from over/from above" } } 23 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.23", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֨ח אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֶת־יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בְּנ֗וֹ וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־יְלִידֵ֤י בֵיתוֹ֙ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מִקְנַ֣ת כַּסְפּ֔וֹ כָּל־זָכָ֕ר בְּאַנְשֵׁ֖י בֵּ֣ית אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיָּ֜מָל אֶת־בְּשַׂ֣ר עָרְלָתָ֗ם בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר אִתּ֖וֹ אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wa-yiqqaḥ* *ʾAḇrāhām* *ʾet*-*Yišmāʿēʾl* *bənô* *wə-ʾēt* *kol*-*yəlîḏê* *ḇêtô* *wə-ʾēt* *kol*-*miqnat* *kaspô* *kol*-*zāḵār* *bə-ʾanšê* *bêt* *ʾAḇrāhām* *wa-yāmol* *ʾet*-*bəśar* *ʿorlātām* *bə-ʿeṣem* *hay-yôm* *haz-zeh* *ka-ʾăšer* *dibber* *ʾittô* *ʾĔlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and took", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yišmāʿēʾl*": "proper noun masculine singular - Ishmael", "*bənô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son", "*wə-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəlîḏê*": "noun masculine plural construct - those born in", "*ḇêtô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*wə-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*miqnat*": "noun feminine singular construct - purchase of", "*kaspô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his money", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - every", "*zāḵār*": "noun masculine singular - male", "*bə-ʾanšê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - among the men of", "*bêt*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*wa-yāmol*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and circumcised", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātām*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their foreskin", "*bə-ʿeṣem*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - in the bone/substance of", "*hay-yôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day", "*haz-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - just as", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - had spoken", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*ʾĔlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God" }, "variants": { "*yəlîḏê ḇêtô*": "those born in his house/house-born slaves", "*miqnat kaspô*": "purchased with his money/bought with his silver", "*bə-ʿeṣem hay-yôm haz-zeh*": "in this very day/on this selfsame day/on this exact day" } } 24 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.24", "source": "וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם בֶּן־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וָתֵ֖שַׁע שָׁנָ֑ה בְּהִמֹּל֖וֹ בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾAḇrāhām* *ben*-*tišʿîm* *wā-tēšaʿ* *šānāh* *bə-himmōlô* *bəśar* *ʿorlātô*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾAḇrāhām*": "conjunction + proper noun masculine singular - and Abraham", "*ben*": "noun masculine singular construct - son of", "*tišʿîm*": "cardinal number - ninety", "*wā-tēšaʿ*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and nine", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*bə-himmōlô*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - when he was circumcised", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his foreskin" }, "variants": { "*bə-himmōlô*": "when he was circumcised/in his being circumcised", "*bəśar ʿorlātô*": "flesh of his foreskin/his foreskin" } } 25 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.25", "source": "וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בְּנ֔וֹ בֶּן־שְׁלֹ֥שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה שָׁנָ֑ה בְּהִ֨מֹּל֔וֹ אֵ֖ת בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-Yišmāʿēʾl* *bənô* *ben*-*šəlōš* *ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *bə-himmōlô* *ʾēt* *bəśar* *ʿorlātô*", "grammar": { "*wə-Yišmāʿēʾl*": "conjunction + proper noun masculine singular - and Ishmael", "*bənô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son", "*ben*": "noun masculine singular construct - son of", "*šəlōš*": "cardinal number feminine singular construct - three of", "*ʿeśrēh*": "cardinal number feminine singular - ten", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*bə-himmōlô*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - when he was circumcised", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*bəśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*ʿorlātô*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his foreskin" }, "variants": { "*šəlōš ʿeśrēh*": "thirteen", "*bə-himmōlô*": "when he was circumcised/in his being circumcised" } } 26 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.26", "source": "בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה נִמּ֖וֹל אַבְרָהָ֑ם וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל בְּנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*bə-ʿeṣem* *hay-yôm* *haz-zeh* *nimmôl* *ʾAḇrāhām* *wə-Yišmāʿēʾl* *bənô*", "grammar": { "*bə-ʿeṣem*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - in the bone/substance of", "*hay-yôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day", "*haz-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*nimmôl*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was circumcised", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun masculine singular - Abraham", "*wə-Yišmāʿēʾl*": "conjunction + proper noun masculine singular - and Ishmael", "*bənô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son" }, "variants": { "*bə-ʿeṣem hay-yôm haz-zeh*": "in this very day/on this selfsame day/on this exact day", "*nimmôl*": "was circumcised/became circumcised" } } 27 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.27", "source": "וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֤י בֵיתוֹ֙ יְלִ֣יד בָּ֔יִת וּמִקְנַת־כֶּ֖סֶף מֵאֵ֣ת בֶּן־נֵכָ֑ר נִמֹּ֖לוּ אִתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-ḵol*-*ʾanšê* *ḇêtô* *yəlîḏ* *bāyit* *û-miqnat*-*kesep̄* *mē-ʾēt* *ben*-*nēḵār* *nimmōlû* *ʾittô*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵol*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - and all of", "*ʾanšê*": "noun masculine plural construct - men of", "*ḇêtô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*yəlîḏ*": "noun masculine singular construct - one born in", "*bāyit*": "noun masculine singular - house", "*û-miqnat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and acquisition of", "*kesep̄*": "noun masculine singular - money/silver", "*mē-ʾēt*": "preposition + preposition - from", "*ben*": "noun masculine singular construct - son of", "*nēḵār*": "noun masculine singular - foreigner/stranger", "*nimmōlû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - were circumcised", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšê ḇêtô*": "men of his house/his household males", "*yəlîḏ bāyit*": "house-born/born in the household/home-born slave", "*ben-nēḵār*": "foreigner/stranger/alien" } }
• Gen 2:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.2.14", "source": "וְשֵׁ֨ם הַנָּהָ֤ר הַשְּׁלִישִׁי֙ חִדֶּ֔קֶל ה֥וּא הַֽהֹלֵ֖ךְ קִדְמַ֣ת אַשּׁ֑וּר וְהַנָּהָ֥ר הָֽרְבִיעִ֖י ה֥וּא פְרָֽת׃", "text": "And-*šēm hannāhār haššəlîšî ḥiddeqel hûʾ hahōlēḵ qiḏmaṯ ʾaššûr wə-hannāhār hārəḇîʿî hûʾ p̄ərāṯ*", "grammar": { "*šēm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - name of", "*hannāhār*": "definite article + noun, masculine, singular - the river", "*haššəlîšî*": "definite article + ordinal number, masculine, singular - the third", "*ḥiddeqel*": "proper noun - Hiddekel/Tigris", "*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd singular masculine - it/that", "*hahōlēḵ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine, singular - the one going", "*qiḏmaṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - east of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wə-hannāhār*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine, singular - and the river", "*hārəḇîʿî*": "definite article + ordinal number, masculine, singular - the fourth", "*p̄ərāṯ*": "proper noun - Euphrates" }, "variants": { "*ḥiddeqel*": "Hiddekel/Tigris [proper name of river]", "*hahōlēḵ*": "flowing/going/running", "*qiḏmaṯ*": "east of/in front of", "*ʾaššûr*": "Assyria [proper name of land]", "*p̄ərāṯ*": "Euphrates [proper name of river]" } }
• Gen 9:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־נֹ֔חַ וְאֶל־בָּנָ֥יו אִתּ֖וֹ לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*nōaḥ* and-to-*bānāyw* with-him *lēʾmōr*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he said", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural form (divine plural) - God", "*nōaḥ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Noah", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural + 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his sons", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/judges", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/as follows" } } 9 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.9", "source": "וַאֲנִ֕י הִנְנִ֥י מֵקִ֛ים אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֖י אִתְּכֶ֑ם וְאֶֽת־זַרְעֲכֶ֖ם אֽ͏ַחֲרֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*ʾănî* *hinĕnî* *mēqîm* *ʾet*-*bĕrîtî* with-you and-*ʾet*-*zarʿăkem* after-you.", "grammar": { "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*hinĕnî*": "particle + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/here I am", "*mēqîm*": "participle, masculine, singular, hiphil - establishing", "*bĕrîtî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st person singular possessive suffix - my covenant", "*ʾittĕkem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*zarʿăkem*": "noun, masculine, singular + 2nd person masculine plural possessive suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥărêkem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - after you" }, "variants": { "*hinĕnî*": "behold me/here I am/look at me", "*mēqîm*": "establishing/setting up/confirming", "*bĕrîtî*": "my covenant/my agreement/my treaty", "*zarʿăkem*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*ʾaḥărêkem*": "after you/following you/in your succession" } } 10 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.10", "source": "וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־נֶ֤פֶשׁ הֽ͏ַחַיָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתְּכֶ֔ם בָּע֧וֹף בַּבְּהֵמָ֛ה וּֽבְכָל־חַיַּ֥ת הָאָ֖רֶץ אִתְּכֶ֑ם מִכֹּל֙ יֹצְאֵ֣י הַתֵּבָ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל חַיַּ֥ת הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And-*ʾēt* *kol*-*nepeš* *haḥayyāh* which with-you in-*hāʿôp* in-*habbĕhēmāh* and-in-*kol*-*ḥayyat* *hāʾāreṣ* with-you from-*kōl* *yōṣĕʾê* *hattēbāh* to-*kōl* *ḥayyat* *hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "construct state - all of/every", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - soul/life of", "*haḥayyāh*": "article + adjective, feminine, singular - the living", "*bāʿôp*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine, singular - with the birds", "*babbĕhēmāh*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine, singular - with the cattle/livestock", "*ḥayyat*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - beast of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the earth", "*ʾittĕkem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine, singular - all/every", "*yōṣĕʾê*": "participle, masculine, plural, construct state - those going out of", "*hattēbāh*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the ark", "*ḥayyat*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - beast of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the earth" }, "variants": { "*nepeš*": "soul/being/life/creature", "*haḥayyāh*": "the living/the alive/having life", "*hāʿôp*": "the birds/the fowl/the flying creatures", "*habbĕhēmāh*": "the cattle/the livestock/the domesticated animals", "*ḥayyat*": "beast/animal/living creature of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world", "*yōṣĕʾê*": "those going out/those exiting/those coming out" } } 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.11", "source": "וַהֲקִמֹתִ֤י אֶת־בְּרִיתִי֙ אִתְּכֶ֔ם וְלֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֧ת כָּל־בָּשָׂ֛ר ע֖וֹד מִמֵּ֣י הַמַּבּ֑וּל וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה ע֛וֹד מַבּ֖וּל לְשַׁחֵ֥ת הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And-*wahăqîmōtî* *ʾet*-*bĕrîtî* with-you and-*lōʾ*-*yikkārēt* *kol*-*bāśār* again from-*mê* *hammabbûl* and-*lōʾ*-*yihyeh* again *mabbûl* to-*šaḥēt* *hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wahăqîmōtî*": "waw-consecutive + perfect, 1st singular, hiphil - and I will establish", "*bĕrîtî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st person singular possessive suffix - my covenant", "*ʾittĕkem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yikkārēt*": "imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, niphal (passive) - it will be cut off", "*kol*": "construct state - all of/every", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine, singular - flesh", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/yet", "*mê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct state - waters of", "*hammabbûl*": "noun, masculine, singular + definite article - the flood", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - it will be", "*mabbûl*": "noun, masculine, singular - flood", "*šaḥēt*": "infinitive construct, piel - to destroy", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the earth" }, "variants": { "*wahăqîmōtî*": "and I will establish/and I will confirm/and I will set up", "*bĕrîtî*": "my covenant/my agreement/my treaty", "*yikkārēt*": "will be cut off/will be destroyed/will perish", "*bāśār*": "flesh/living beings/creatures/mankind", "*ʿôd*": "again/more/still/yet", "*mê*": "waters of/flood of", "*hammabbûl*": "the flood/the deluge", "*šaḥēt*": "to destroy/to ruin/to corrupt" } } 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֗ים זֹ֤את אֽוֹת־הַבְּרִית֙ אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֣י נֹתֵ֗ן בֵּינִי֙ וּבֵ֣ינֵיכֶ֔ם וּבֵ֛ין כָּל־נֶ֥פֶשׁ חַיָּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתְּכֶ֑ם לְדֹרֹ֖ת עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *ʾĕlōhîm* this *ʾôt*-*habbĕrît* which-*ʾănî* *nōtēn* between-me and-between-you and-between *kol*-*nepeš* *ḥayyāh* which with-you for-*dōrōt* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he said", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural form (divine plural) - God", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʾôt*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - sign of", "*habbĕrît*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the covenant", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*nōtēn*": "participle, masculine, singular - giving", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*bênêkem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - between you", "*kol*": "construct state - all of/every", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - soul of", "*ḥayyāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - living", "*ʾittĕkem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*dōrōt*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct state - generations of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine, singular - eternity/forever" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/judges", "*ʾôt*": "sign/token/mark", "*habbĕrît*": "the covenant/the agreement/the treaty", "*nōtēn*": "giving/placing/setting", "*nepeš*": "soul/being/life/creature", "*ḥayyāh*": "living/alive", "*dōrōt*": "generations/ages/periods", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/forever/perpetuity/ancient time" } } 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.13", "source": "אֶת־קַשְׁתִּ֕י נָתַ֖תִּי בֶּֽעָנָ֑ן וְהָֽיְתָה֙ לְא֣וֹת בְּרִ֔ית בֵּינִ֖י וּבֵ֥ין הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*ʾet*-*qaštî* *nātattî* in-*heʿānān* and-*hāyĕtāh* for-*ʾôt* *bĕrît* between-me and-between *hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qaštî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st person singular possessive suffix - my bow", "*nātattî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I have given/placed", "*beʿānān*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine, singular - in the cloud", "*hāyĕtāh*": "perfect, 3rd singular feminine with waw-consecutive - and it will be", "*ʾôt*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - sign of", "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine, singular - covenant", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the earth" }, "variants": { "*qaštî*": "my bow/my rainbow/my arch", "*nātattî*": "I have given/I have placed/I have set", "*heʿānān*": "the cloud/the clouds", "*ʾôt*": "sign/token/mark", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world" } } 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.14", "source": "וְהָיָ֕ה בְּעֽ͏ַנְנִ֥י עָנָ֖ן עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְנִרְאֲתָ֥ה הַקֶּ֖שֶׁת בֶּעָנָֽן׃", "text": "And-*hāyāh* in-*ʿanĕnî* *ʿānān* upon-*hāʾāreṣ* and-*nirʾătāh* *haqqešet* in-*heʿānān*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine with waw-consecutive - and it will be", "*ʿanĕnî*": "infinitive construct, piel + 1st person singular suffix - my bringing clouds", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine, singular - cloud", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the earth", "*nirʾătāh*": "perfect, 3rd singular feminine, niphal (passive) with waw-consecutive - and it will be seen", "*haqqešet*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the bow", "*beʿānān*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine, singular - in the cloud" }, "variants": { "*ʿanĕnî*": "my bringing clouds/my making clouds/when I bring clouds", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/mass of clouds", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world", "*nirʾătāh*": "will be seen/will appear/will become visible", "*haqqešet*": "the bow/the rainbow/the arch", "*heʿānān*": "the cloud/the clouds" } } 15 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.15", "source": "וְזָכַרְתִּ֣י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֗י אֲשֶׁ֤ר בֵּינִי֙ וּבֵ֣ינֵיכֶ֔ם וּבֵ֛ין כָּל־נֶ֥פֶשׁ חַיָּ֖ה בְּכָל־בָּשָׂ֑ר וְלֹֽא־יִֽהְיֶ֨ה ע֤וֹד הַמַּ֙יִם֙ לְמַבּ֔וּל לְשַׁחֵ֖ת כָּל־בָּשָֽׂר׃", "text": "And-*zākartî* *ʾet*-*bĕrîtî* which between-me and-between-you and-between *kol*-*nepeš* *ḥayyāh* in-*kol*-*bāśār* and-*lōʾ*-*yihyeh* again *hammayim* for-*mabbûl* to-*šaḥēt* *kol*-*bāśār*.", "grammar": { "*zākartî*": "perfect, 1st singular with waw-consecutive - and I will remember", "*bĕrîtî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st person singular possessive suffix - my covenant", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*bênêkem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - between you", "*kol*": "construct state - all of/every", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - soul of", "*ḥayyāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - living", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine, singular - flesh", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - it will be", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/yet", "*hammayim*": "noun, masculine, plural + definite article - the waters", "*mabbûl*": "noun, masculine, singular - flood", "*šaḥēt*": "infinitive construct, piel - to destroy", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine, singular - flesh" }, "variants": { "*zākartî*": "I will remember/I will recall/I will be mindful of", "*bĕrîtî*": "my covenant/my agreement/my treaty", "*nepeš*": "soul/being/life/creature", "*ḥayyāh*": "living/alive", "*bāśār*": "flesh/living beings/creatures/mankind", "*hammayim*": "the waters/the flood", "*mabbûl*": "flood/deluge", "*šaḥēt*": "to destroy/to ruin/to corrupt" } } 16 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.16", "source": "וְהָיְתָ֥ה הַקֶּ֖שֶׁת בֶּֽעָנָ֑ן וּרְאִיתִ֗יהָ לִזְכֹּר֙ בְּרִ֣ית עוֹלָ֔ם בֵּ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֔ים וּבֵין֙ כָּל־נֶ֣פֶשׁ חַיָּ֔ה בְּכָל־בָּשָׂ֖ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And-*hāyĕtāh* *haqqešet* in-*heʿānān* and-*rĕʾîtîhā* to-*lizkōr* *bĕrît* *ʿôlām* between *ʾĕlōhîm* and-between *kol*-*nepeš* *ḥayyāh* in-*kol*-*bāśār* which upon-*hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*hāyĕtāh*": "perfect, 3rd singular feminine with waw-consecutive - and it will be", "*haqqešet*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the bow", "*beʿānān*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine, singular - in the cloud", "*rĕʾîtîhā*": "perfect, 1st singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix with waw-consecutive - and I will see it", "*lizkōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to remember", "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine, singular - eternity", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural form (divine plural) - God", "*kol*": "construct state - all of/every", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - soul of", "*ḥayyāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - living", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine, singular - flesh", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the earth" }, "variants": { "*haqqešet*": "the bow/the rainbow/the arch", "*heʿānān*": "the cloud/the clouds", "*rĕʾîtîhā*": "I will see it/I will look at it/I will observe it", "*lizkōr*": "to remember/to recall/to bring to mind", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/judges", "*nepeš*": "soul/being/life/creature", "*ḥayyāh*": "living/alive", "*bāśār*": "flesh/living beings/creatures/mankind", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world" } } 17 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.17", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־נֹ֑חַ זֹ֤את אֽוֹת־הַבְּרִית֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֲקִמֹ֔תִי בֵּינִ֕י וּבֵ֥ין כָּל־בָּשָׂ֖ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*nōaḥ* this *ʾôt*-*habbĕrît* which *hăqîmōtî* between-me and-between *kol*-*bāśār* which upon-*hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he said", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural form (divine plural) - God", "*nōaḥ*": "proper noun, masculine, singular - Noah", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʾôt*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - sign of", "*habbĕrît*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the covenant", "*hăqîmōtî*": "perfect, 1st singular, hiphil - I have established", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*kol*": "construct state - all of/every", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine, singular - flesh", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular + definite article - the earth" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/judges", "*ʾôt*": "sign/token/mark", "*habbĕrît*": "the covenant/the agreement/the treaty", "*hăqîmōtî*": "I have established/I have confirmed/I have set up", "*bāśār*": "flesh/living beings/creatures/mankind", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world" } }
• Exod 34:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.11", "source": "שְׁמָ֨ר־לְךָ֔ אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר אָנֹכִ֖י מְצַוְּךָ֣ הַיּ֑וֹם הִנְנִ֧י גֹרֵ֣שׁ מִפָּנֶ֗יךָ אֶת־הָאֱמֹרִי֙ וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י וְהַחִתִּי֙ וְהַפְּרִזִּ֔י וְהַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃", "text": "*šəmār*-to you *ʾēt* which *ʾānōkî* *məṣawwəkā* *hayyôm*. Behold I *gōrēš* from before you *ʾet*-the *ʾĕmōrî* and the *kənaʿănî* and the *ḥittî* and the *pərizzî* and the *ḥiwwî* and the *yəḇûsî*.", "grammar": { "*šəmār*": "imperative masculine singular - keep/observe", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*məṣawwəkā*": "participle masculine singular (Piel) + 2nd masculine singular suffix - commanding you", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day/today", "*gōrēš*": "active participle masculine singular - driving out/expelling", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Amorite", "*kənaʿănî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Canaanite", "*ḥittî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Hittite", "*pərizzî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Perizzite", "*ḥiwwî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Hivite", "*yəḇûsî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Jebusite" }, "variants": { "*šəmār*": "keep/observe/guard/preserve", "*məṣawwəkā*": "commanding you/ordering you", "*gōrēš*": "driving out/expelling/dispossessing" } }
• Num 34:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Numbers.34.2", "source": "צַ֞ו אֶת־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־אַתֶּ֥ם בָּאִ֖ים אֶל־הָאָ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן זֹ֣את הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּפֹּ֤ל לָכֶם֙ בְּֽנַחֲלָ֔ה אֶ֥רֶץ כְּנַ֖עַן לִגְבֻלֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*ṣaw* *ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl* *wə-ʾāmartā* *ʾǎlêhem* *kî-ʾattem bāʾîm* *ʾel-hāʾāreṣ* *kənaʿan* *zōʾt* *hāʾāreṣ* *ʾǎšer tippōl* *lākem* *bə-naḥălâ* *ʾereṣ kənaʿan* *li-gəbūlōtêhā*", "grammar": { "*ṣaw*": "piel imperative, 2nd masculine singular - command", "*ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + construct noun + proper noun - the sons of Israel", "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*ʾǎlêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*kî-ʾattem bāʾîm*": "conjunction + 2nd masculine plural pronoun + qal participle masculine plural - that you are coming/entering", "*ʾel-hāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land", "*kənaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾǎšer tippōl*": "relative pronoun + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - which shall fall", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*bə-naḥălâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - as inheritance/by lot", "*ʾereṣ kənaʿan*": "noun, feminine singular + proper noun - land of Canaan", "*li-gəbūlōtêhā*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - according to its borders" }, "variants": { "*ṣaw*": "command/order/instruct", "*bāʾîm*": "coming/entering/going", "*tippōl*": "shall fall/be allotted/be assigned", "*naḥălâ*": "inheritance/possession/lot", "*gəbūlōtêhā*": "borders/boundaries/territories" } } 3 { "verseID": "Numbers.34.3", "source": "וְהָיָ֨ה לָכֶ֧ם פְּאַת־נֶ֛גֶב מִמִּדְבַּר־צִ֖ן עַל־יְדֵ֣י אֱד֑וֹם וְהָיָ֤ה לָכֶם֙ גְּב֣וּל נֶ֔גֶב מִקְצֵ֥ה יָם־הַמֶּ֖לַח קֵֽדְמָה׃", "text": "*wə-hāyâ* *lākem* *pəʾat-negeb* *mi-midbar-ṣin* *ʿal-yədê* *ʾědôm* *wə-hāyâ* *lākem* *gəbûl* *negeb* *mi-qəṣēh* *yām-hammelaḥ* *qēdmâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyâ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for you", "*pəʾat-negeb*": "construct noun, feminine singular + noun - side/quarter/region of the south", "*mi-midbar-ṣin*": "preposition + construct noun, masculine singular + proper noun - from the wilderness of Zin", "*ʿal-yədê*": "preposition + construct noun, dual - along side/beside", "*ʾědôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*wə-hāyâ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for you", "*gəbûl*": "noun, masculine singular - border/boundary", "*negeb*": "noun, masculine singular - south/Negev", "*mi-qəṣēh*": "preposition + construct noun, masculine singular - from the end of", "*yām-hammelaḥ*": "construct noun, masculine singular + definite article + noun - sea of the salt (Dead Sea)", "*qēdmâ*": "adverb - eastward" }, "variants": { "*pəʾat*": "side/quarter/region", "*negeb*": "south/Negev/southern region", "*ʿal-yədê*": "along side/beside/adjacent to", "*gəbûl*": "border/boundary/territory", "*qəṣēh*": "end/extremity/edge", "*qēdmâ*": "eastward/toward the east" } }
• Deut 7:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.1", "source": "כִּ֤י יְבִֽיאֲךָ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אֶל־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה בָא־שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּ֑הּ וְנָשַׁ֣ל גּֽוֹיִם־רַבִּ֣ים ׀ מִפָּנֶ֡יךָ הַֽחִתִּי֩ וְהַגִּרְגָּשִׁ֨י וְהָאֱמֹרִ֜י וְהַכְּנַעֲנִ֣י וְהַפְּרִזִּ֗י וְהַֽחִוִּי֙ וְהַיְבוּסִ֔י שִׁבְעָ֣ה גוֹיִ֔ם רַבִּ֥ים וַעֲצוּמִ֖ים מִמֶּֽךָּ׃", "text": "When *yāvîʾ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* you into the *ʾereṣ* which you *bāʾ*-there to *rištāh*, and *nāšal* *gôyim*-many from before you, the *ḥittî* and the *girgāšî* and the *ʾĕmōrî* and the *kənaʿănî* and the *pərizzî* and the *ḥiwwî* and the *yəvûsî*, seven *gôyim* many and *ʿăṣûmîm* than you.", "grammar": { "*yāvîʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will bring/when he brings", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land/earth", "*bāʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - coming/entering", "*rištāh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to possess it", "*nāšal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he will cast out/clear away", "*gôyim*": "noun masculine plural - nations/peoples", "*ḥittî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Hittite", "*girgāšî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Girgashite", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Amorite", "*kənaʿănî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Canaanite", "*pərizzî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Perizzite", "*ḥiwwî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Hivite", "*yəvûsî*": "proper noun, gentilic - Jebusite", "*ʿăṣûmîm*": "adjective masculine plural - mighty/numerous/strong" }, "variants": { "*yāvîʾ*": "brings/will bring/leads", "*nāšal*": "cast out/drive out/throw down/clear away", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*ʿăṣûmîm*": "mighty/strong/numerous" } }
• Josh 12:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.1", "source": "וְאֵ֣לֶּה ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִכּ֤וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיִּֽרְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־אַרְצָ֔ם בְּעֵ֥בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן מִזְרְחָ֣ה הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ מִנַּ֤חַל אַרְנוֹן֙ עַד־הַ֣ר חֶרְמ֔וֹן וְכָל־הָעֲרָבָ֖ה מִזְרָֽחָה׃", "text": "And these *malkê* the *ʾāreṣ* which *hikkû* *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyîrəšû* *ʾet*-*ʾarṣām* in *bəʿēber* the *yardēn* *mizrəḥāh* the *šāmeš* from *naḥal* *ʾarnôn* unto *har* *ḥermôn* and all the *ʿărābāh* *mizrəḥāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*malkê*": "construct plural of *melek* - kings of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/whom/that", "*hikkû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they struck/defeated", "*bənê*": "construct plural of *ben* - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyîrəšû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they possessed/inherited", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun + 3rd plural suffix - their land", "*bəʿēber*": "preposition + noun - in the region beyond/across", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite noun - the Jordan", "*mizrəḥāh*": "noun with directional suffix - eastward", "*ha-šāmeš*": "definite noun - the sun", "*min-naḥal*": "preposition + noun - from the wadi/stream of", "*ʾarnôn*": "proper noun - Arnon", "*ʿad-har*": "preposition + noun - unto the mountain of", "*ḥermôn*": "proper noun - Hermon", "*wə-kol*": "conjunction + noun - and all", "*hā-ʿărābāh*": "definite noun - the Arabah/desert plain" }, "variants": { "*malkê*": "kings of, rulers of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land, earth, territory, country", "*hikkû*": "struck, defeated, conquered, slew", "*wayyîrəšû*": "possessed, inherited, dispossessed, took possession of", "*bəʿēber*": "beyond, across, region across, side", "*mizrəḥāh*": "eastward, toward the east, on the east side", "*šāmeš*": "sun, sunrise (by metonymy)", "*naḥal*": "wadi, stream, valley, river", "*ʿărābāh*": "desert plain, arid region, Jordan Valley" } } 2 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.2", "source": "סִיחוֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִ֔י הַיּוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן מֹשֵׁ֡ל מֵעֲרוֹעֵ֡ר אֲשֶׁר֩ עַל־שְׂפַת־נַ֨חַל אַרְנ֜וֹן וְת֤וֹךְ הַנַּ֙חַל֙ וַחֲצִ֣י הַגִּלְעָ֔ד וְעַד֙ יַבֹּ֣ק הַנַּ֔חַל גְּב֖וּל בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃", "text": "*Sîḥôn* *melek* the *ʾĕmōrî* the *hayyôšēb* in *ḥešbôn* *mōšēl* from *ʿărôʿēr* which upon *śəpat*-*naḥal* *ʾarnôn* and *tôk* the *naḥal* and half the *gilʿād* and unto *yabbōq* the *naḥal* *gəbûl* *bənê* *ʿammôn*", "grammar": { "*Sîḥôn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*hā-ʾĕmōrî*": "definite noun, gentilic singular - the Amorite", "*ha-yôšēb*": "definite qal participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling/sitting", "*bə-ḥešbôn*": "preposition + proper noun - in Heshbon", "*mōšēl*": "qal participle, masculine singular - ruling/governing", "*mē-ʿărôʿēr*": "preposition + proper noun - from Aroer", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿal-śəpat*": "preposition + noun construct - upon the bank/edge of", "*naḥal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wadi/stream of", "*ʾarnôn*": "proper noun - Arnon", "*wə-tôk*": "conjunction + noun construct - and middle of", "*ha-naḥal*": "definite noun - the stream/wadi", "*wa-ḥăṣî*": "conjunction + noun construct - and half of", "*ha-gilʿād*": "definite proper noun - the Gilead", "*wə-ʿad*": "conjunction + preposition - and unto", "*yabbōq*": "proper noun - Jabbok", "*ha-naḥal*": "definite noun - the stream/wadi", "*gəbûl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - border/territory of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign", "*yôšēb*": "dwelling, residing, sitting, inhabiting", "*mōšēl*": "ruling, governing, reigning, having dominion", "*śəpat*": "lip, edge, shore, bank", "*naḥal*": "wadi, stream, valley, river", "*tôk*": "middle, midst, center, among", "*ḥăṣî*": "half, middle part", "*gəbûl*": "border, boundary, territory, region" } } 3 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.3", "source": "וְהָעֲרָבָה֩ עַד־יָ֨ם כִּנְר֜וֹת מִזְרָ֗חָה וְ֠עַד יָ֣ם הָעֲרָבָ֤ה יָם־הַמֶּ֙לַח֙ מִזְרָ֔חָה דֶּ֖רֶךְ בֵּ֣ית הַיְשִׁמ֑וֹת וּמִ֨תֵּימָ֔ן תַּ֖חַת אַשְׁדּ֥וֹת הַפִּסְגָּֽה׃", "text": "And the *ʿărābāh* unto *yām* *kinnərôt* *mizrāḥāh* and unto *yām* the *ʿărābāh* *yām*-*hammelaḥ* *mizrāḥāh* *derek* *bêt* *hayəšimôt* and from *têmān* under *ʾašdôt* the *pisgāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-hā-ʿărābāh*": "conjunction + definite noun - and the Arabah/desert plain", "*ʿad-yām*": "preposition + noun construct - unto sea of", "*kinnərôt*": "proper noun - Kinnereth/Chinneroth", "*mizrāḥāh*": "noun with directional suffix - eastward", "*wə-ʿad*": "conjunction + preposition - and unto", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sea of", "*hā-ʿărābāh*": "definite noun - the Arabah/desert plain", "*yām-hammelaḥ*": "noun construct + definite noun - sea of the salt", "*mizrāḥāh*": "noun with directional suffix - eastward", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/road of", "*bêt*": "noun, construct - house of", "*ha-yəšimôt*": "definite proper noun - the Jeshimoth", "*û-mittêmān*": "conjunction + preposition + direction noun - and from south", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*ʾašdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - slopes/springs of", "*ha-pisgāh*": "definite proper noun - the Pisgah" }, "variants": { "*ʿărābāh*": "desert plain, arid region, Jordan Valley", "*yām*": "sea, lake, large body of water", "*kinnərôt*": "Kinnereth/Chinneroth (Sea of Galilee)", "*mizrāḥāh*": "eastward, toward the east", "*yām-hammelaḥ*": "Salt Sea, Dead Sea", "*derek*": "way, road, path, direction", "*têmān*": "south, southern region", "*ʾašdôt*": "slopes, springs, foothills, ravines", "*pisgāh*": "Pisgah (mountain or cliff)" } } 4 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.4", "source": "וּגְב֗וּל ע֚וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֔ן מִיֶּ֖תֶר הָרְפָאִ֑ים הַיּוֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּעַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת וּבְאֶדְרֶֽעִי׃", "text": "And *gəbûl* *ʿôg* *melek* the *bāšān* from *yeter* the *rəpāʾîm* the *hayyôšēb* in *ʿaštārôt* and in *ʾedreʿî*", "grammar": { "*û-gəbûl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and territory/border of", "*ʿôg*": "proper noun - Og", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ha-bāšān*": "definite proper noun - the Bashan", "*miy-yeter*": "preposition + noun construct - from remainder of", "*hā-rəpāʾîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the Rephaim", "*ha-yôšēb*": "definite qal participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling", "*bə-ʿaštārôt*": "preposition + proper noun - in Ashtaroth", "*û-bə-ʾedreʿî*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and in Edrei" }, "variants": { "*gəbûl*": "territory, border, boundary, region", "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign", "*yeter*": "remainder, remnant, rest, residue", "*rəpāʾîm*": "Rephaim (ancient race of giants)", "*yôšēb*": "dwelling, residing, sitting, inhabiting" } } 5 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.5", "source": "וּ֠מֹשֵׁל בְּהַ֨ר חֶרְמ֤וֹן וּבְסַלְכָה֙ וּבְכָל־הַבָּשָׁ֔ן עַד־גְּב֥וּל הַגְּשׁוּרִ֖י וְהַמַּעֲכָתִ֑י וַחֲצִי֙ הַגִּלְעָ֔ד גְּב֖וּל סִיח֥וֹן מֶֽלֶךְ־חֶשְׁבּֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *mōšēl* in *har* *ḥermôn* and in *salkāh* and in all the *bāšān* unto *gəbûl* the *gəšûrî* and the *maʿăkātî* and half the *gilʿād* *gəbûl* *sîḥôn* *melek*-*ḥešbôn*", "grammar": { "*û-mōšēl*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular - and ruling", "*bə-har*": "preposition + noun construct - in mountain of", "*ḥermôn*": "proper noun - Hermon", "*û-bə-salkāh*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and in Salcah", "*û-bə-kol*": "conjunction + preposition + noun construct - and in all of", "*ha-bāšān*": "definite proper noun - the Bashan", "*ʿad-gəbûl*": "preposition + noun construct - unto border of", "*ha-gəšûrî*": "definite gentilic adjective - the Geshurite", "*wə-ha-maʿăkātî*": "conjunction + definite gentilic adjective - and the Maachathite", "*wa-ḥăṣî*": "conjunction + noun construct - and half of", "*ha-gilʿād*": "definite proper noun - the Gilead", "*gəbûl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - territory of", "*sîḥôn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*melek-ḥešbôn*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Heshbon" }, "variants": { "*mōšēl*": "ruling, reigning, having dominion over", "*har*": "mountain, hill, hill country", "*gəbûl*": "border, boundary, territory, region", "*gəšûrî*": "Geshurite (people group)", "*maʿăkātî*": "Maachathite (people group)", "*ḥăṣî*": "half, middle part" } } 6 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.6", "source": "מֹשֶׁ֧ה עֶֽבֶד־יְהוָ֛ה וּבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הִכּ֑וּם וַֽ֠יִּתְּנָהּ מֹשֶׁ֨ה עֶֽבֶד־יְהוָ֜ה יְרֻשָּׁ֗ה לָרֻֽאוּבֵנִי֙ וְלַגָּדִ֔י וְלַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֥בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּֽׁה׃ ס", "text": "*Mōšeh* *ʿebed*-*YHWH* and *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *hikkûm* and *wayyittənāh* *mōšeh* *ʿebed*-*YHWH* *yəruššāh* to the *rəʾûbēnî* and to the *gādî* and to half *šēbeṭ* the *mənaššeh*", "grammar": { "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿebed-YHWH*": "noun construct + divine name - servant of YHWH", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hikkûm*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural + 3rd plural suffix - they struck them", "*wayyittənāh*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he gave it", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿebed-YHWH*": "noun construct + divine name - servant of YHWH", "*yəruššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - possession/inheritance", "*lā-rəʾûbēnî*": "preposition + gentilic adjective - to the Reubenite", "*wə-la-gādî*": "conjunction + preposition + gentilic adjective - and to the Gadite", "*wə-la-ḥăṣî*": "conjunction + preposition + noun construct - and to half of", "*šēbeṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*ha-mənaššeh*": "definite proper noun - the Manasseh" }, "variants": { "*ʿebed*": "servant, slave, subject", "*hikkûm*": "struck them, defeated them, conquered them", "*wayyittənāh*": "he gave it, allocated it, assigned it", "*yəruššāh*": "possession, inheritance, property", "*šēbeṭ*": "tribe, clan, staff, rod" } } 7 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.7", "source": "וְאֵ֣לֶּה מַלְכֵ֣י הָאָ֡רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֩ הִכָּ֨ה יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל בְּעֵ֤בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ יָ֔מָּה מִבַּ֤עַל גָּד֙ בְּבִקְעַ֣ת הַלְּבָנ֔וֹן וְעַד־הָהָ֥ר הֶחָלָ֖ק הָעֹלֶ֣ה שֵׂעִ֑ירָה וַיִּתְּנָ֨הּ יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ לְשִׁבְטֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל יְרֻשָּׁ֖ה כְּמַחְלְקֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And these *malkê* the *ʾāreṣ* which *hikkāh* *yəhôšuaʿ* and *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* in *ʿēber* the *yardēn* *yāmmāh* from *baʿal* *gād* in *biqʿat* the *ləbānôn* and unto the *hār* the *ḥālāq* the *ʿōleh* *śēʿîrāh* and *wayyittənāh* *yəhôšuaʿ* to *šibṭê* *yiśrāʾēl* *yəruššāh* according to *maḥləqōtām*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēlleh*": "conjunction + demonstrative pronoun - and these", "*malkê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - kings of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite noun - the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/whom", "*hikkāh*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he struck/defeated", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*û-bənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*bə-ʿēber*": "preposition + noun construct - in region across", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite noun - the Jordan", "*yāmmāh*": "noun with directional suffix - westward", "*mib-baʿal*": "preposition + proper noun - from Baal", "*gād*": "proper noun - Gad", "*bə-biqʿat*": "preposition + noun construct - in valley of", "*ha-ləbānôn*": "definite proper noun - the Lebanon", "*wə-ʿad*": "conjunction + preposition - and unto", "*hā-hār*": "definite noun - the mountain", "*he-ḥālāq*": "definite adjective - the smooth/bare", "*hā-ʿōleh*": "definite qal participle - the one going up", "*śēʿîrāh*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Seir", "*wayyittənāh*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he gave it", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*lə-šibṭê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - to tribes of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yəruššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - possession/inheritance", "*kə-maḥləqōtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd plural suffix - according to their divisions" }, "variants": { "*malkê*": "kings of, rulers of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land, earth, territory, country", "*hikkāh*": "struck, defeated, conquered, smote", "*ʿēber*": "region across, beyond, side of", "*yāmmāh*": "westward, seaward, toward the west", "*biqʿat*": "valley, plain, wide valley", "*hār*": "mountain, hill, hill country", "*ḥālāq*": "smooth, bare, bald", "*ʿōleh*": "going up, ascending, rising", "*wayyittənāh*": "he gave it, assigned it, allotted it", "*yəruššāh*": "possession, inheritance, property", "*maḥləqōtām*": "their divisions, their portions, their allotments" } } 8 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.8", "source": "בָּהָ֣ר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֗ה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה֙ וּבָ֣אֲשֵׁד֔וֹת וּבַמִּדְבָּ֖ר וּבַנֶּ֑גֶב הַֽחִתִּי֙ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ הַפְּרִזִּ֔י הַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃ פ", "text": "In the *hār* and in the *šəpēlāh* and in the *ʿărābāh* and in the *ʾăšēdôt* and in the *midbār* and in the *negeb* the *ḥittî* the *ʾĕmōrî* and the *kənaʿănî* the *pərizzî* the *ḥiwwî* and the *yəbûsî*", "grammar": { "*bā-hār*": "preposition + definite noun - in the mountain/hill country", "*û-ba-ššəpēlāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite noun - and in the lowland", "*û-bā-ʿărābāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite noun - and in the Arabah/desert plain", "*û-bā-ʾăšēdôt*": "conjunction + preposition + definite noun, feminine plural - and in the slopes/springs", "*û-ba-mmidbār*": "conjunction + preposition + definite noun - and in the wilderness/desert", "*û-ba-nnegeb*": "conjunction + preposition + definite noun - and in the Negev/south", "*ha-ḥittî*": "definite gentilic adjective - the Hittite", "*hā-ʾĕmōrî*": "definite gentilic adjective - the Amorite", "*wə-ha-kənaʿănî*": "conjunction + definite gentilic adjective - and the Canaanite", "*ha-pərizzî*": "definite gentilic adjective - the Perizzite", "*ha-ḥiwwî*": "definite gentilic adjective - the Hivite", "*wə-ha-yəbûsî*": "conjunction + definite gentilic adjective - and the Jebusite" }, "variants": { "*hār*": "mountain, hill country, highlands", "*šəpēlāh*": "lowland, foothills, lower region", "*ʿărābāh*": "desert plain, arid region, Jordan Valley", "*ʾăšēdôt*": "slopes, springs, ravines, foothills", "*midbār*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land", "*negeb*": "south, southern region, Negev" } } 9 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.9", "source": "מֶ֥לֶךְ יְרִיח֖וֹ אֶחָ֑ד מֶ֧לֶךְ הָעַ֛י אֲשֶׁר־מִצַּ֥ד בֵּֽית־אֵ֖ל אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *yərîḥô* one *melek* the *ʿay* which from *ṣad* *bêt*-*ʾēl* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yərîḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*hā-ʿay*": "definite proper noun - the Ai", "*ʾăšer-miṣ-ṣad*": "relative pronoun + preposition + noun construct - which from side of", "*bêt-ʾēl*": "proper noun compound - Beth-el (House of God)", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign", "*ṣad*": "side, flank, beside" } } 10 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.10", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ חֶבְר֖וֹן אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *yərûšālaim* one *melek* *ḥebrôn* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ḥebrôn*": "proper noun - Hebron", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 11 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.11", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ יַרְמוּת֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ לָכִ֖ישׁ אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *yarmût* one *melek* *lākîš* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yarmût*": "proper noun - Jarmuth", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*lākîš*": "proper noun - Lachish", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 12 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.12", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ עֶגְלוֹן֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ גֶּ֖זֶר אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *ʿeglôn* one *melek* *gezer* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʿeglôn*": "proper noun - Eglon", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*gezer*": "proper noun - Gezer", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 13 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.13", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ דְּבִר֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ גֶּ֖דֶר אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *dəbir* one *melek* *geder* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*dəbir*": "proper noun - Debir", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*geder*": "proper noun - Geder", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 14 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.14", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ חָרְמָה֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ עֲרָ֖ד אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *ḥormāh* one *melek* *ʿărād* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ḥormāh*": "proper noun - Hormah", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʿărād*": "proper noun - Arad", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 15 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.15", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ לִבְנָה֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ עֲדֻלָּ֖ם אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *libnāh* one *melek* *ʿădullām* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*libnāh*": "proper noun - Libnah", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʿădullām*": "proper noun - Adullam", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 16 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.16", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ מַקֵּדָה֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ בֵּֽית־אֵ֖ל אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *maqqēdāh* one *melek* *bêt*-*ʾēl* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*maqqēdāh*": "proper noun - Makkedah", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bêt-ʾēl*": "proper noun compound - Beth-el (House of God)", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 17 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.17", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ תַּפּ֙וּחַ֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ חֵ֖פֶר אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *tappûaḥ* one *melek* *ḥēper* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*tappûaḥ*": "proper noun - Tappuah", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ḥēper*": "proper noun - Hepher", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 18 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.18", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ אֲפֵק֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ לַשָּׁר֖וֹן אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *ʾăpēq* one *melek* *la-ššārôn* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾăpēq*": "proper noun - Aphek", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*la-ššārôn*": "preposition + definite proper noun - to the Sharon", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 19 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.19", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ מָדוֹן֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ חָצ֖וֹר אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *mādôn* one *melek* *ḥāṣôr* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*mādôn*": "proper noun - Madon", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ḥāṣôr*": "proper noun - Hazor", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } } 20 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.20", "source": "מֶ֣לֶךְ שִׁמְר֤וֹן מְראוֹן֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ אַכְשָׁ֖ף אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *šimrôn* *mərʾôn* one *melek* *ʾakšāp* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*šimrôn mərʾôn*": "proper noun compound - Shimron-meron", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾakšāp*": "proper noun - Achshaph", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } }
• Josh 15:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Joshua.15.4", "source": "וְעָבַ֣ר עַצְמ֗וֹנָה וְיָצָא֙ נַ֣חַל מִצְרַ֔יִם *והיה **וְהָי֛וּ תֹּצְא֥וֹת הַגְּב֖וּל יָ֑מָּה זֶה־יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם גְּב֥וּל נֶֽגֶב׃", "text": "*wəʿābar* *ʿAṣmônāh* *wəyāṣāʾ* *naḥal* *Miṣrayim* *wəhāyû* *tôṣəʾôt* the-*gəbûl* *yāmmāh* this-*yihyeh* to-you *gəbûl* *negeb*.", "grammar": { "*wəʿābar*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it passed over", "*ʿAṣmônāh*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Azmon", "*wəyāṣāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it went out", "*naḥal*": "construct noun, masculine singular - brook/stream of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wəhāyû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they were/became", "*tôṣəʾôt*": "construct noun, feminine plural - outgoings/extremities of", "*gəbûl*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the border/territory", "*yāmmāh*": "noun + directional heh - seaward/westward", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*negeb*": "noun, masculine singular - south/Negev" }, "variants": { "*naḥal*": "brook/stream/wadi", "*tôṣəʾôt*": "outgoings/extremities/ends", "*yāmmāh*": "seaward/westward", "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be" } }
• Josh 19:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.1", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֞א הַגּוֹרָ֤ל הַשֵּׁנִי֙ לְשִׁמְע֔וֹן לְמַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־שִׁמְע֖וֹן לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָ֑ם וַֽיְהִי֙ נַֽחֲלָתָ֔ם בְּת֖וֹךְ נַחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־יְהוּדָֽה", "text": "And *yāṣāʾ* the *gôrāl* the second to *Šimʿôn*, to *maṭṭēh* *bənê*-*Šimʿôn* to *mišpəḥôṯām*; and *hāyāh* their *naḥălāṯām* in *tôḵ* *naḥălaṯ* *bənê*-*Yəhûdāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - went out/came out", "*gôrāl*": "noun, masculine singular - lot", "*Šimʿôn*": "proper noun - Simeon", "*maṭṭēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*mišpəḥôṯām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their families", "*hāyāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it was/became", "*naḥălāṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their inheritance", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*naḥălaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance of", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "went out/came out/emerged", "*gôrāl*": "lot/portion/allotment", "*maṭṭēh*": "tribe/staff/rod", "*naḥălāṯām*": "their inheritance/possession/property", "*tôḵ*": "midst/middle/among" } } 2 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.2", "source": "וַיְהִ֥י לָהֶ֖ם בְּנַֽחֲלָתָ֑ם בְּאֵֽר־שֶׁ֥בַע וְשֶׁ֖בַע וּמוֹלָדָֽה", "text": "And *hāyāh* to them in their *naḥălāṯām*, *Bəʾēr*-*šeḇaʿ* and *Šeḇaʿ* and *Môlādāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*bə-*": "preposition - in", "*naḥălāṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their inheritance", "*Bəʾēr*-*šeḇaʿ*": "proper noun - Beer-sheba", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Šeḇaʿ*": "proper noun - Sheba", "*Môlādāh*": "proper noun - Moladah" }, "variants": { "*hāyāh*": "was/became/existed", "*naḥălāṯām*": "their inheritance/possession/property", "*Bəʾēr*-*šeḇaʿ*": "Well of Seven/Well of Oath" } } 3 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.3", "source": "וַחֲצַ֥ר שׁוּעָ֛ל וּבָלָ֖ה וָעָֽצֶם", "text": "And *Ḥăṣar Šûʿāl* and *Bālāh* and *ʿĀṣem*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Ḥăṣar Šûʿāl*": "proper noun - Hazar-shual", "*Bālāh*": "proper noun - Balah", "*ʿĀṣem*": "proper noun - Azem" }, "variants": { "*Ḥăṣar*": "settlement/village/enclosure", "*Šûʿāl*": "fox/jackal" } } 4 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.4", "source": "וְאֶלְתּוֹלַ֥ד וּבְת֖וּל וְחָרְמָֽה", "text": "And *ʾEltôlad* and *Bəṯûl* and *Ḥārmāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾEltôlad*": "proper noun - Eltolad", "*Bəṯûl*": "proper noun - Bethul", "*Ḥārmāh*": "proper noun - Hormah" }, "variants": {} } 5 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.5", "source": "וְצִֽקְלַ֥ג וּבֵית־הַמַּרְכָּב֖וֹת וַחֲצַ֥ר סוּסָֽה", "text": "And *Ṣiqlag* and *Bêṯ*-*hamMarkābôṯ* and *Ḥăṣar Sûsāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Ṣiqlag*": "proper noun - Ziklag", "*Bêṯ*-*hamMarkābôṯ*": "proper noun - Beth-hammarkaboth", "*Ḥăṣar Sûsāh*": "proper noun - Hazar-susah" }, "variants": { "*Bêṯ*": "house/place", "*hamMarkābôṯ*": "the chariots", "*Ḥăṣar*": "settlement/village/enclosure", "*Sûsāh*": "mare/horse" } } 6 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.6", "source": "וּבֵ֥ית לְבָא֖וֹת וְשָֽׁרוּחֶ֑ן עָרִ֥ים שְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן", "text": "And *Bêṯ Ləḇāʾôṯ* and *Šārûḥen*, *ʿārîm* thirteen and their *ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Bêṯ Ləḇāʾôṯ*": "proper noun - Beth-lebaoth", "*Šārûḥen*": "proper noun - Sharuhen", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*šəlōš*-*ʿeśrēh*": "number - thirteen", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their villages/settlements" }, "variants": { "*Bêṯ*": "house/place", "*Ləḇāʾôṯ*": "lionesses", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } } 7 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.7", "source": "עַ֥יִן ׀ רִמּ֖וֹן וָעֶ֣תֶר וְעָשָׁ֑ן עָרִ֥ים אַרְבַּ֖ע וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן", "text": "*ʿAyin Rimmôn* and *ʿEṯer* and *ʿĀšān*, *ʿārîm* four and their *ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*ʿAyin*": "proper noun - Ain", "*Rimmôn*": "proper noun - Rimmon", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿEṯer*": "proper noun - Ether", "*ʿĀšān*": "proper noun - Ashan", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "number - four", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their villages/settlements" }, "variants": { "*ʿAyin*": "eye/spring/fountain", "*Rimmôn*": "pomegranate", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } } 8 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.8", "source": "וְכָל־הֽ͏ַחֲצֵרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר סְבִיבוֹת֙ הֶֽעָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה עַד־בַּֽעֲלַ֥ת בְּאֵ֖ר רָ֣אמַת נֶ֑גֶב זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־שִׁמְע֖וֹן לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם", "text": "And all *haḥăṣērîm* which were *səḇîḇôṯ* *heʿārîm* *hāʾēlleh* unto *Baʿălaṯ Bəʾēr Rāʾmaṯ Negeḇ*. This is *naḥălaṯ* *maṭṭēh* *bənê*-*Šimʿôn* to their *mišpəḥōṯām*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*haḥăṣērîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the villages", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*səḇîḇôṯ*": "preposition - around/surrounding", "*heʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the cities", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until/unto", "*Baʿălaṯ Bəʾēr Rāʾmaṯ Negeḇ*": "proper noun - Baalath Beer Ramath Negev", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*naḥălaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance of", "*maṭṭēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Šimʿôn*": "proper noun - Simeon", "*lə-*": "preposition - to/for", "*mišpəḥōṯām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their families" }, "variants": { "*haḥăṣērîm*": "the villages/settlements/hamlets", "*səḇîḇôṯ*": "around/surrounding/in the vicinity of", "*Baʿălaṯ*": "mistress/lady", "*Bəʾēr*": "well", "*Rāʾmaṯ*": "height", "*Negeḇ*": "south/southern region", "*naḥălaṯ*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*maṭṭēh*": "tribe/staff/rod", "*mišpəḥōṯām*": "their families/clans" } } 9 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.9", "source": "מֵחֶ֙בֶל֙ בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה נַחֲלַ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י שִׁמְע֑וֹן כִּֽי־הָיָ֞ה חֵ֤לֶק בְּנֵֽי־יְהוּדָה֙ רַ֣ב מֵהֶ֔ם וַיִּנְחֲל֥וּ בְנֵֽי־שִׁמְע֖וֹן בְּת֥וֹךְ נַחֲלָתָֽם", "text": "From *ḥeḇel* *bənê* *Yəhûdāh* was *naḥălaṯ* *bənê* *Šimʿôn*, for *hāyāh* *ḥēleq* *bənê*-*Yəhûdāh* *raḇ* from them, and *yinḥălû* *bənê*-*Šimʿôn* in *tôḵ* their *naḥălāṯām*", "grammar": { "*mē-*": "preposition - from", "*ḥeḇel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion/territory of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*naḥălaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance of", "*Šimʿôn*": "proper noun - Simeon", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion of", "*bənê*-*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - sons of Judah", "*raḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/much/many", "*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*yinḥălû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they inherited", "*bənê*-*Šimʿôn*": "proper noun - sons of Simeon", "*bə-*": "preposition - in", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*naḥălāṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their inheritance" }, "variants": { "*ḥeḇel*": "portion/territory/region/lot", "*naḥălaṯ*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*hāyāh*": "was/became/existed", "*ḥēleq*": "portion/part/territory", "*raḇ*": "great/much/many/too large", "*yinḥălû*": "they inherited/took possession", "*tôḵ*": "midst/middle/among" } } 10 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.10", "source": "וַיַּ֙עַל֙ הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י לִבְנֵ֥י זְבוּלֻ֖ן לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם וַיְהִ֛י גְּב֥וּל נַחֲלָתָ֖ם עַד־שָׂרִֽיד", "text": "And *yaʿal* the *gôrāl* the third to *bənê* *Zəḇûlun* to their *mišpəḥōṯām*; and *yəhî* *gəḇûl* their *naḥălāṯām* unto *Śārîd*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*yaʿal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - went up/came up", "*ha-gôrāl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the lot", "*ha-šəlîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the third", "*li-*": "preposition - to/for", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Zəḇûlun*": "proper noun - Zebulun", "*lə-*": "preposition - to/for", "*mišpəḥōṯām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their families", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*yəhî*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - border/territory of", "*naḥălāṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their inheritance", "*ʿad*": "preposition - unto/as far as", "*Śārîd*": "proper noun - Sarid" }, "variants": { "*yaʿal*": "went up/came up/ascended", "*gôrāl*": "lot/portion/allotment", "*mišpəḥōṯām*": "their families/clans", "*gəḇûl*": "border/territory/boundary", "*naḥălāṯām*": "their inheritance/possession/property" } } 11 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.11", "source": "וְעָלָ֨ה גְבוּלָ֧ם ׀ לַיָּ֛מָּה וּמַרְעֲלָ֖ה וּפָגַ֣ע בְּדַבָּ֑שֶׁת וּפָגַע֙ אֶל־הַנַּ֔חַל אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י יָקְנְעָֽם", "text": "And *ʿālāh* their *gəḇûlām* toward *yāmmāh* and *Marʿălāh* and *pāgaʿ* on *Dabbāšeṯ* and *pāgaʿ* unto *hannaḥal* which is upon *pənê* *Yāqnəʿām*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿālāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went up/came up", "*gəḇûlām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their border", "*la-*": "preposition - to/toward", "*yāmmāh*": "noun, masculine singular with directional suffix - to the west/seaward", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Marʿălāh*": "proper noun - Maralah", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*pāgaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - reached/touched/met", "*bə-*": "preposition - in/at", "*Dabbāšeṯ*": "proper noun - Dabbasheth", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*pāgaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - reached/touched/met", "*ʾel*": "preposition - unto/toward", "*ha-naḥal*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wadi/valley/stream", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/over", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*Yāqnəʿām*": "proper noun - Jokneam" }, "variants": { "*ʿālāh*": "went up/ascended/climbed", "*gəḇûlām*": "their border/territory/boundary", "*yāmmāh*": "westward/seaward/to the Mediterranean", "*pāgaʿ*": "reached/touched/met/extended to", "*naḥal*": "wadi/valley/stream/brook", "*pənê*": "face of/front of/before" } } 12 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.12", "source": "וְשָׁ֣ב מִשָּׂרִ֗יד קֵ֚דְמָה מִזְרַ֣ח הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ עַל־גְּב֥וּל כִּסְלֹ֖ת תָּבֹ֑ר וְיָצָ֥א אֶל־הַדָּֽבְרַ֖ת וְעָלָ֥ה יָפִֽיעַ", "text": "And *šāḇ* from *Śārîd* *qēdmāh* *mizraḥ* *haššemeš* to *gəḇûl* *Kislōṯ Tāḇōr* and *yāṣāʾ* to *haDDāḇraṯ* and *ʿālāh* to *Yāpîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*šāḇ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - turned/returned", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*Śārîd*": "proper noun - Sarid", "*qēdmāh*": "adverb - eastward", "*mizraḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - east of", "*ha-šemeš*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sun", "*ʿal*": "preposition - to/upon", "*gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - border of", "*Kislōṯ Tāḇōr*": "proper noun - Kisloth Tabor", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went out/came out", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*ha-Dāḇraṯ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Daberath", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿālāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went up/came up", "*Yāpîaʿ*": "proper noun - Japhia" }, "variants": { "*šāḇ*": "turned/returned/went back", "*qēdmāh*": "eastward/to the east", "*mizraḥ*": "east/rising", "*haššemeš*": "the sun/sunrise", "*gəḇûl*": "border/territory/boundary", "*yāṣāʾ*": "went out/came out/proceeded", "*ʿālāh*": "went up/ascended/climbed" } } 13 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.13", "source": "וּמִשָּׁ֤ם עָבַר֙ קֵ֣דְמָה מִזְרָ֔חָה גִּתָּ֥ה חֵ֖פֶר עִתָּ֣ה קָצִ֑ין וְיָצָ֛א רִמּ֥וֹן הַמְּתֹאָ֖ר הַנֵּעָֽה", "text": "And from there *ʿāḇar* *qēdmāh* *mizrāḥāh* to *Gittāh Ḥēfer* to *ʿIttāh Qāṣîn* and *yāṣāʾ* to *Rimmôn hammətōʾār* to *hannēʿāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*mi-šām*": "preposition with adverb - from there", "*ʿāḇar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - passed over/crossed", "*qēdmāh*": "adverb - eastward", "*mizrāḥāh*": "noun, masculine singular with directional suffix - toward the east", "*Gittāh Ḥēfer*": "proper noun - Gittah-hepher", "*ʿIttāh Qāṣîn*": "proper noun - Ittah-kazin", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went out/came out", "*Rimmôn*": "proper noun - Rimmon", "*ha-mətōʾār*": "pual participle with definite article - the marked out/drawn", "*ha-nēʿāh*": "proper noun with definite article - the Neah" }, "variants": { "*ʿāḇar*": "passed over/crossed/went through", "*qēdmāh*": "eastward/to the east", "*mizrāḥāh*": "toward the east/eastward", "*yāṣāʾ*": "went out/came out/proceeded", "*hammətōʾār*": "the marked out/drawn/extended" } } 14 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.14", "source": "וְנָסַ֤ב אֹתוֹ֙ הַגְּב֔וּל מִצְּפ֖וֹן חַנָּתֹ֑ן וְהָיוּ֙ תֹּֽצְאֹתָ֔יו גֵּ֖י יִפְתַּח־אֵֽל", "text": "And *nāsaḇ* *ʾōṯô* the *haggəḇûl* from *ṣāfôn* to *Ḥannāṯōn*; and *hāyû* *tōṣəʾōṯāyw* *gêʾ* *Yiftaḥ*-*ʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*nāsaḇ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - turned around/went around", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it", "*ha-gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the border", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*ṣāfôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north", "*Ḥannāṯōn*": "proper noun - Hannathon", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - were/became", "*tōṣəʾōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its outgoings", "*gêʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*Yiftaḥ*-*ʾēl*": "proper noun - Jiphthah-el" }, "variants": { "*nāsaḇ*": "turned around/went around/circled", "*haggəḇûl*": "the border/territory/boundary", "*ṣāfôn*": "north/northern side", "*hāyû*": "were/became/existed", "*tōṣəʾōṯāyw*": "its outgoings/extremities/ends", "*gêʾ*": "valley/ravine" } } 15 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.15", "source": "וְקַטָּ֤ת וְנֽ͏ַהֲלָל֙ וְשִׁמְר֔וֹן וְיִדְאֲלָ֖ה וּבֵ֣ית לָ֑חֶם עָרִ֥ים שְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן", "text": "And *Qaṭṭāṯ* and *Năhălāl* and *Šimrôn* and *Yidʾălāh* and *Bêṯ Lāḥem*; *ʿārîm* twelve and their *ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Qaṭṭāṯ*": "proper noun - Kattath", "*Năhălāl*": "proper noun - Nahalal", "*Šimrôn*": "proper noun - Shimron", "*Yidʾălāh*": "proper noun - Idalah", "*Bêṯ Lāḥem*": "proper noun - Bethlehem", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*šətêm*-*ʿeśrēh*": "number - twelve", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their villages/settlements" }, "variants": { "*Bêṯ*": "house/place", "*Lāḥem*": "bread/food", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } } 16 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.16", "source": "זֹ֛את נַחֲלַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־זְבוּלֻ֖ן לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָ֑ם הֶֽעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן", "text": "This is *naḥălaṯ* *bənê*-*Zəḇûlun* to their *mišpəḥôṯām*, *heʿārîm* *hāʾēlleh* and their *ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*zōṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*naḥălaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Zəḇûlun*": "proper noun - Zebulun", "*lə-*": "preposition - to/for", "*mišpəḥôṯām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their families", "*he-ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the cities", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their villages/settlements" }, "variants": { "*naḥălaṯ*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*mišpəḥôṯām*": "their families/clans", "*heʿārîm*": "the cities/towns", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } } 17 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.17", "source": "לְיִ֨שָׂשכָ֔ר יָצָ֖א הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הָֽרְבִיעִ֑י לִבְנֵ֥י יִשָׂשכָ֖ר לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָֽם", "text": "To *Yiśāśḵār* *yāṣāʾ* the *gôrāl* the fourth, to *bənê* *Yiśāśḵār* to their *mišpəḥôṯām*", "grammar": { "*lə-*": "preposition - to/for", "*Yiśāśḵār*": "proper noun - Issachar", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went out/came out", "*ha-gôrāl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the lot", "*hā-rəḇîʿî*": "ordinal number with definite article - the fourth", "*li-*": "preposition - to/for", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśāśḵār*": "proper noun - Issachar", "*lə-*": "preposition - to/for", "*mišpəḥôṯām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their families" }, "variants": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "went out/came out/emerged", "*gôrāl*": "lot/portion/allotment", "*mišpəḥôṯām*": "their families/clans" } } 18 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.18", "source": "וַיְהִ֖י גְּבוּלָ֑ם יִזְרְעֶ֥אלָה וְהַכְּסוּלֹ֖ת וְשׁוּנֵֽם", "text": "And *yəhî* their *gəḇûlām* *Yizrəʿeʾlāh* and *hakKəsûlōṯ* and *Šûnēm*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*yəhî*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*gəḇûlām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their border", "*Yizrəʿeʾlāh*": "proper noun - Jezreel", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ha-Kəsûlōṯ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Chesulloth", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Šûnēm*": "proper noun - Shunem" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "was/became/existed", "*gəḇûlām*": "their border/territory/boundary", "*Yizrəʿeʾlāh*": "God sows/God will sow" } } 19 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.19", "source": "וַחֲפָרַ֥יִם וְשִׁיאֹ֖ן וַאֲנָחֲרַֽת", "text": "And *Ḥăfārayim* and *Šîʾōn* and *ʾĂnāḥărâṯ*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Ḥăfārayim*": "proper noun - Hapharaim", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Šîʾōn*": "proper noun - Shion", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾĂnāḥărâṯ*": "proper noun - Anaharath" }, "variants": {} } 20 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.20", "source": "וְהָֽרַבִּ֥ית וְקִשְׁי֖וֹן וָאָֽבֶץ", "text": "And *hāRabbîṯ* and *Qišyôn* and *ʾĀḇeṣ*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hā-Rabbîṯ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Rabbith", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Qišyôn*": "proper noun - Kishion", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾĀḇeṣ*": "proper noun - Abez" }, "variants": {} } 21 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.21", "source": "וְרֶ֧מֶת וְעֵין־גַּנִּ֛ים וְעֵ֥ין חַדָּ֖ה וּבֵ֥ית פַּצֵּֽץ", "text": "And *Remeṯ* and *ʿÊn*-*Gannîm* and *ʿÊn Ḥaddāh* and *Bêṯ Paṣṣēṣ*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Remeṯ*": "proper noun - Remeth", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿÊn*-*Gannîm*": "proper noun - En-gannim", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿÊn Ḥaddāh*": "proper noun - En-haddah", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Bêṯ Paṣṣēṣ*": "proper noun - Beth-pazzez" }, "variants": { "*ʿÊn*": "spring/eye/fountain", "*Gannîm*": "gardens", "*Bêṯ*": "house/place" } } 22 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.22", "source": "וּפָגַע֩ הַגְּב֨וּל בְּתָב֤וֹר *ושחצומה **וְשַׁחֲצִ֙ימָה֙ וּבֵ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ וְהָי֛וּ תֹּצְא֥וֹת גְּבוּלָ֖ם הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן עָרִ֥ים שֵׁשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן", "text": "And *pāgaʿ* the *haggəḇûl* on *Tāḇôr* and *Šaḥăṣîmāh* and *Bêṯ Šemeš*, and *hāyû* *tōṣəʾôṯ* their *gəḇûlām* the *Yardēn*; *ʿārîm* sixteen and their *ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*pāgaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - reached/touched/met", "*ha-gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the border", "*bə-*": "preposition - on/at", "*Tāḇôr*": "proper noun - Tabor", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Šaḥăṣîmāh*": "proper noun - Shahazimah", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*Bêṯ Šemeš*": "proper noun - Beth-shemesh", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - were/became", "*tōṣəʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - outgoings of", "*gəḇûlām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their border", "*ha-Yardēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*šēš*-*ʿeśrēh*": "number - sixteen", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their villages/settlements" }, "variants": { "*pāgaʿ*": "reached/touched/met/extended to", "*haggəḇûl*": "the border/territory/boundary", "*Bêṯ*": "house/place", "*Šemeš*": "sun", "*hāyû*": "were/became/existed", "*tōṣəʾôṯ*": "outgoings/extremities/ends", "*gəḇûlām*": "their border/territory/boundary", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } } 23 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.23", "source": "זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־יִשָׂשכָ֖ר לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם הֶעָרִ֖ים וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן", "text": "This is *naḥălaṯ* *maṭṭēh* *bənê*-*Yiśāśḵār* to their *mišpəḥōṯām*, *heʿārîm* and their *ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*zōṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*naḥălaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance of", "*maṭṭēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśāśḵār*": "proper noun - Issachar", "*lə-*": "preposition - to/for", "*mišpəḥōṯām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their families", "*he-ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the cities", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their villages/settlements" }, "variants": { "*naḥălaṯ*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*maṭṭēh*": "tribe/staff/rod", "*mišpəḥōṯām*": "their families/clans", "*heʿārîm*": "the cities/towns", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } } 24 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.24", "source": "וַיֵּצֵא֙ הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הַֽחֲמִישִׁ֔י לְמַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־אָשֵׁ֖ר לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yêṣêʾ* the *gôrāl* the *ḥămîšî* for-*maṭṭêh* *bənê*-*ʾāšêr* for-*mišpəḥôtām*", "grammar": { "*wə-yêṣêʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and came out/forth", "*gôrāl*": "noun, masculine singular - lot", "*ḥămîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular - fifth", "*maṭṭêh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe/staff of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*ʾāšêr*": "proper noun - Asher", "*mišpəḥôtām*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their families" }, "variants": { "*yêṣêʾ*": "to come out/go forth/proceed", "*gôrāl*": "lot/portion/allotment", "*maṭṭêh*": "tribe/staff/branch" } } 25 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.25", "source": "וַיְהִ֖י גְּבוּלָ֑ם חֶלְקַ֥ת וַחֲלִ֖י וָבֶ֥טֶן וְאַכְשָֽׁף׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *gəbûlām* *ḥelqat* *wə-ḥălî* *wə-beṭen* *wə-ʾakšāp*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and was", "*gəbûlām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their border/territory", "*ḥelqat*": "proper noun - Helkath", "*wə-ḥălî*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Hali", "*wə-beṭen*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Beten", "*wə-ʾakšāp*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Achshaph" }, "variants": { "*gəbûlām*": "their territory/border/boundary" } } 26 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.26", "source": "וְאַֽלַמֶּ֥לֶךְ וְעַמְעָ֖ד וּמִשְׁאָ֑ל וּפָגַ֤ע בְּכַרְמֶל֙ הַיָּ֔מָּה וּבְשִׁיח֖וֹר לִבְנָֽת׃", "text": "*wə-ʾalammelek* *wə-ʿamʿād* *û-mišʾāl* *û-pāgaʿ* in-*karmel* the-*yāmmâ* and-in-*šîḥôr* *libnāt*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾalammelek*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Alammelech", "*wə-ʿamʿād*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Amad", "*û-mišʾāl*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Mishal", "*û-pāgaʿ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it reached/met", "*karmel*": "proper noun - Carmel", "*ha-yāmmâ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - toward the sea/westward", "*šîḥôr*": "proper noun - Shihor", "*libnāt*": "proper noun - Libnath" }, "variants": { "*pāgaʿ*": "to meet/reach/touch/encounter", "*yāmmâ*": "toward the sea/westward" } } 27 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.27", "source": "וְשָׁ֨ב מִזְרַ֣ח הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ֮ בֵּ֣ית דָּגֹן֒ וּפָגַ֣ע בִּ֠זְבֻלוּן וּבְגֵ֨י יִפְתַּח־אֵ֥ל צָפ֛וֹנָה בֵּ֥ית הָעֵ֖מֶק וּנְעִיאֵ֑ל וְיָצָ֥א אֶל־כָּב֖וּל מִשְּׂמֹֽאל׃", "text": "*wə-šāb* *mizraḥ* the-*šemeš* *bêt dāgōn* *û-pāgaʿ* in-*zəbûlûn* and-in-*gêy yipttaḥ-ʾêl* *ṣāpônâ* *bêt hāʿêmeq* *û-nəʿîʾêl* *wə-yāṣāʾ* to-*kābûl* from-*śəmōʾl*", "grammar": { "*wə-šāb*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it turned", "*mizraḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - east of", "*ha-šemeš*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sun", "*bêt dāgōn*": "proper noun - Beth-dagon", "*û-pāgaʿ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it reached/met", "*zəbûlûn*": "proper noun - Zebulun", "*gêy*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*yipttaḥ-ʾêl*": "proper noun - Jiphthah-el", "*ṣāpônâ*": "noun, masculine singular + directional heh - northward", "*bêt hāʿêmeq*": "proper noun - Beth-emek", "*û-nəʿîʾêl*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Neiel", "*wə-yāṣāʾ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it went out", "*kābûl*": "proper noun - Cabul", "*śəmōʾl*": "noun, masculine singular - left/north" }, "variants": { "*šāb*": "to turn/return", "*mizraḥ ha-šemeš*": "sunrise/east", "*pāgaʿ*": "to meet/reach/touch/encounter", "*yāṣāʾ*": "to go out/come forth/proceed", "*śəmōʾl*": "left side/north" } } 28 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.28", "source": "וְעֶבְרֹ֥ן וּרְחֹ֖ב וְחַמּ֣וֹן וְקָנָ֑ה עַ֖ד צִיד֥וֹן רַבָּֽה׃", "text": "*wə-ʿebrōn* *û-rəḥōb* *wə-ḥammôn* *wə-qānâ* until *ṣîdôn* *rabbâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿebrōn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Ebron", "*û-rəḥōb*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Rehob", "*wə-ḥammôn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Hammon", "*wə-qānâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Kanah", "*ṣîdôn*": "proper noun - Sidon", "*rabbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great" }, "variants": { "*rabbâ*": "great/large/major" } } 29 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.29", "source": "וְשָׁ֤ב הַגְּבוּל֙ הָֽרָמָ֔ה וְעַד־עִ֖יר מִבְצַר־צֹ֑ר וְשָׁ֤ב הַגְּבוּל֙ חֹסָ֔ה *ויהיו **וְהָי֧וּ תֹצְאֹתָ֛יו הַיָּ֖מָּה מֵחֶ֥בֶל אַכְזִֽיבָה׃", "text": "*wə-šāb* the-*gəbûl* the-*rāmâ* and-until-*ʿîr* *mibṣar*-*ṣōr* *wə-šāb* the-*gəbûl* *ḥōsâ* *wə-hāyû* *tōṣəʾōtāyw* the-*yāmmâ* from-*ḥebel* *ʾakzîbâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-šāb*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it turned", "*ha-gəbûl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the border", "*ha-rāmâ*": "definite article + proper noun - to Ramah", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*mibṣar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fortification of", "*ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*ḥōsâ*": "proper noun - Hosah", "*wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd plural - and they were", "*tōṣəʾōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its outgoings/extremities", "*ha-yāmmâ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - to the sea/westward", "*ḥebel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - region/district of", "*ʾakzîbâ*": "proper noun - Achzib" }, "variants": { "*šāb*": "to turn/return", "*gəbûl*": "border/territory/boundary", "*mibṣar*": "fortification/stronghold", "*tōṣəʾōtāyw*": "its extremities/boundaries/outgoings", "*ḥebel*": "region/district/territory/portion" } } 30 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.30", "source": "וְעֻמָ֥ה וַאֲפֵ֖ק וּרְחֹ֑ב עָרִ֛ים עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּשְׁתַּ֖יִם וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "*wə-ʿummâ* *wa-ʾăpêq* *û-rəḥōb* *ʿārîm* *ʿeśrîm* *û-štayim* *wə-ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿummâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Ummah", "*wa-ʾăpêq*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Aphek", "*û-rəḥōb*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Rehob", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʿeśrîm*": "cardinal number - twenty", "*û-štayim*": "conjunction + cardinal number, feminine - and two", "*wə-ḥaṣrêhen*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine plural suffix - and their villages" }, "variants": { "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } } 31 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.31", "source": "זֹ֗את נַחֲלַ֛ת מַטֵּ֥ה בְנֵֽי־אָשֵׁ֖ר לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן׃ פ", "text": "*zōʾt* *naḥălat* *maṭṭêh* *bənê*-*ʾāšêr* *lə-mišpəḥōtām* the-*ʿārîm* the-*ʾêlleh* *wə-ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*naḥălat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance of", "*maṭṭêh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*ʾāšêr*": "proper noun - Asher", "*lə-mišpəḥōtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - according to their families", "*he-ʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the cities", "*ha-ʾêlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*wə-ḥaṣrêhen*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine plural suffix - and their villages" }, "variants": { "*naḥălat*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*maṭṭêh*": "tribe/staff/branch", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } } 32 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.32", "source": "לִבְנֵ֣י נַפְתָּלִ֔י יָצָ֖א הַגּוֹרָ֣ל הַשִּׁשִּׁ֑י לִבְנֵ֥י נַפְתָּלִ֖י לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם׃", "text": "For-*bənê* *naptālî* *yāṣāʾ* the-*gôrāl* the-*šiššî* for-*bənê* *naptālî* *lə-mišpəḥōtām*", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*naptālî*": "proper noun - Naphtali", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came out", "*ha-gôrāl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the lot", "*ha-šiššî*": "definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular - the sixth", "*lə-mišpəḥōtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - according to their families" }, "variants": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "to come out/go forth/proceed", "*gôrāl*": "lot/portion/allotment" } } 33 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.33", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י גְבוּלָ֗ם מֵחֵ֨לֶף מֵֽאֵל֜וֹן בְּצַעֲנַנִּ֗ים וַאֲדָמִ֥י הַנֶּ֛קֶב וְיַבְנְאֵ֖ל עַד־לַקּ֑וּם וַיְהִ֥י תֹצְאֹתָ֖יו הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî* *gəbûlām* from-*ḥêlep* from-*ʾêlôn* in-*ṣaʿănannîm* *wa-ʾădāmî* the-*neqeb* *wə-yabnəʾêl* until-*laqqûm* *wa-yəhî* *tōṣəʾōtāyw* the-*yardên*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and was", "*gəbûlām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their border", "*ḥêlep*": "proper noun - Heleph", "*ʾêlôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - oak/terebinth of", "*ṣaʿănannîm*": "proper noun - Zaanannim", "*wa-ʾădāmî*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Adami", "*ha-neqeb*": "definite article + proper noun - the Nekeb", "*wə-yabnəʾêl*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Jabneel", "*laqqûm*": "proper noun - Lakkum", "*tōṣəʾōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its outgoings", "*ha-yardên*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan" }, "variants": { "*gəbûlām*": "their border/territory/boundary", "*ʾêlôn*": "oak/terebinth/large tree", "*tōṣəʾōtāyw*": "its extremities/boundaries/outgoings" } } 34 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.34", "source": "וְשָׁ֨ב הַגְּב֥וּל יָ֙מָּה֙ אַזְנ֣וֹת תָּב֔וֹר וְיָצָ֥א מִשָּׁ֖ם חוּקֹ֑קָה וּפָגַ֨ע בִּזְבֻל֜וּן מִנֶּ֗גֶב וּבְאָשֵׁר֙ פָּגַ֣ע מִיָּ֔ם וּבִ֣יהוּדָ֔ה הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן מִזְרַ֥ח הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃", "text": "*wə-šāb* the-*gəbûl* *yāmmâ* *ʾaznôt tābôr* *wə-yāṣāʾ* from-*šām* *ḥûqōqâ* *û-pāgaʿ* in-*zəbûlûn* from-*negeb* and-in-*ʾāšêr* *pāgaʿ* from-*yām* and-in-*yəhûdâ* the-*yardên* *mizraḥ* the-*šāmeš*", "grammar": { "*wə-šāb*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it turned", "*ha-gəbûl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the border", "*yāmmâ*": "noun, masculine singular + directional heh - westward", "*ʾaznôt tābôr*": "proper noun - Aznoth-tabor", "*wə-yāṣāʾ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it went out", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ḥûqōqâ*": "proper noun - Hukkok", "*û-pāgaʿ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it reached", "*zəbûlûn*": "proper noun - Zebulun", "*negeb*": "noun, masculine singular - south", "*ʾāšêr*": "proper noun - Asher", "*pāgaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it reached", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - west/sea", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ha-yardên*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*mizraḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - east of", "*ha-šāmeš*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sun" }, "variants": { "*šāb*": "to turn/return", "*gəbûl*": "border/territory/boundary", "*yāmmâ*": "westward/seaward", "*yāṣāʾ*": "to go out/come forth/proceed", "*pāgaʿ*": "to meet/reach/touch/encounter", "*negeb*": "south/south region", "*yām*": "west/sea", "*mizraḥ ha-šāmeš*": "sunrise/east" } } 35 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.35", "source": "וְעָרֵ֖י מִבְצָ֑ר הַצִּדִּ֣ים צֵ֔ר וְחַמַּ֖ת רַקַּ֥ת וְכִנָּֽרֶת׃", "text": "*wə-ʿārê* *mibṣār* the-*ṣiddîm* *ṣêr* *wə-ḥammat* *raqqat* *wə-kinnāret*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿārê*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural construct - and cities of", "*mibṣār*": "noun, masculine singular - fortress/fortification", "*ha-ṣiddîm*": "definite article + proper noun - the Ziddim", "*ṣêr*": "proper noun - Zer", "*wə-ḥammat*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Hammath", "*raqqat*": "proper noun - Rakkath", "*wə-kinnāret*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Chinnereth" }, "variants": { "*ʿārê*": "cities of/towns of", "*mibṣār*": "fortification/fortress/stronghold" } } 36 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.36", "source": "וַאֲדָמָ֥ה וְהָרָמָ֖ה וְחָצֽוֹר׃", "text": "*wa-ʾădāmâ* *wə-hārāmâ* *wə-ḥāṣôr*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾădāmâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Adamah", "*wə-hārāmâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Ramah", "*wə-ḥāṣôr*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Hazor" }, "variants": {} } 37 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.37", "source": "וְקֶ֥דֶשׁ וְאֶדְרֶ֖עִי וְעֵ֥ין חָצֽוֹר׃", "text": "*wə-qedeš* *wə-ʾedreʿî* *wə-ʿên ḥāṣôr*", "grammar": { "*wə-qedeš*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Kedesh", "*wə-ʾedreʿî*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Edrei", "*wə-ʿên*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and spring/eye of", "*ḥāṣôr*": "proper noun - Hazor" }, "variants": { "*ʿên*": "spring/eye/fountain" } } 38 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.38", "source": "וְיִרְאוֹן֙ וּמִגְדַּל־אֵ֔ל חֳרֵ֥ם וּבֵית־עֲנָ֖ת וּבֵ֣ית שָׁ֑מֶשׁ עָרִ֥ים תְּשַֽׁע־עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "*wə-yirʾôn* *û-migdal*-*ʾêl* *ḥŏrêm* *û-bêt*-*ʿănāt* *û-bêt šāmeš* *ʿārîm* *təšaʿ*-*ʿeśrêh* *wə-ḥaṣrêhen*", "grammar": { "*wə-yirʾôn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Yiron", "*û-migdal*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and tower of", "*ʾêl*": "proper noun - El (God)", "*ḥŏrêm*": "proper noun - Horem", "*û-bêt*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and house of", "*ʿănāt*": "proper noun - Anath", "*û-bêt*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and house of", "*šāmeš*": "noun, feminine singular - sun", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*təšaʿ*": "cardinal number - nine", "*ʿeśrêh*": "cardinal number, feminine - ten", "*wə-ḥaṣrêhen*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine plural suffix - and their villages" }, "variants": { "*migdal*": "tower/watchtower", "*bêt*": "house/dwelling/place", "*ḥaṣrêhen*": "their villages/settlements/hamlets" } }
• 2 Sam 8:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.8.3", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ דָּוִ֔ד אֶת־הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר בֶּן־רְחֹ֖ב מֶ֣לֶךְ צוֹבָ֑ה בְּלֶכְתּ֕וֹ לְהָשִׁ֥יב יָד֖וֹ בִּֽנְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃", "text": "And *wayyak* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-*Hădadʿezer* son-of-*Rəḥōb* king of *Ṣôbâ* in *belektô* to *hāšîb* his hand in *nəhar*-*Pərāt*.", "grammar": { "*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular of *nākâ* - and he struck/defeated", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Hădadʿezer*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hadadezer", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Rəḥōb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Rehob", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Ṣôbâ*": "proper noun - Zobah", "*belektô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his going/when he went", "*ləhāšîb*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to restore/to recover", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand/power/control", "*binhar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - at/by the river", "*Pərāt*": "proper noun - Euphrates" }, "variants": { "*ləhāšîb yādô*": "to restore his control/to recover his power/to establish his dominion", "*yād*": "hand/power/control/monument/memorial" } }
• 2 Sam 23:5 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.23.5", "source": "כִּֽי־לֹא־כֵ֥ן בֵּיתִ֖י עִם־אֵ֑ל כּ‪י֩ בְרִ֨ית עוֹלָ֜ם שָׂ֣ם לִ֗י עֲרוּכָ֤ה בַכֹּל֙ וּשְׁמֻרָ֔ה כִּֽי־כָל־יִשְׁעִ֥י וְכָל־חֵ֖פֶץ כִּֽי־לֹ֥א יַצְמִֽיחַ", "text": "For *lōʾ*-*kēn* *bêṯî* *ʿim*-*ʾēl*; for *bərîṯ* *ʿôlām* *śām* *lî*, *ʿărûḵāh* *bakkōl* and *šəmurāh*; for *kol*-*yišʿî* and *kol*-*ḥēfeṣ* for *lōʾ* *yaṣmîaḥ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*bêṯî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my house", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*bərîṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/everlasting", "*śām*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he placed/established", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to/for me", "*ʿărûḵāh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - arranged/ordered", "*bakkōl*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in everything", "*û-*": "conjunction - and", "*šəmurāh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - kept/preserved", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yišʿî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my salvation", "*ḥēfeṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - pleasure/delight/desire", "*yaṣmîaḥ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will cause to grow/sprout" }, "variants": { "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/alliance", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual", "*śām*": "placed/established/appointed/made", "*ʿărûḵāh*": "arranged/ordered/prepared", "*šəmurāh*": "kept/preserved/guarded", "*yišʿî*": "my salvation/deliverance/victory", "*ḥēfeṣ*": "pleasure/delight/desire/purpose", "*yaṣmîaḥ*": "cause to grow/sprout/spring forth" } }
• 1 Chr 5:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.5.9", "source": "וְלַמִּזְרָ֗ח יָשַׁב֙ עַד־לְב֣וֹא מִדְבָּ֔רָה לְמִן־הַנָּהָ֖ר פְּרָ֑ת כִּ֧י מִקְנֵיהֶ֛ם רָב֖וּ בְּאֶ֥רֶץ גִּלְעָֽד׃", "text": "And to the *mizraḥ* *yašab* unto *ləboʾ* *midbara* from the *nahar* *Pərat* for *miqnehem* *rabu* in *ʾereṣ* *Gilʿad*", "grammar": { "*mizraḥ*": "noun with definite article - the east", "*yašab*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dwelt/settled", "*ləboʾ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to the entrance of", "*midbara*": "noun with directional suffix - toward the wilderness", "*nahar*": "noun with definite article - the river", "*Pərat*": "proper name - Euphrates", "*miqnehem*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their livestock", "*rabu*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - increased/multiplied", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct singular - land of", "*Gilʿad*": "proper name - Gilead" }, "variants": { "*yašab*": "dwelt/settled/inhabited", "*ləboʾ*": "to the entrance of/approach to", "*rabu*": "increased/multiplied/became numerous" } }
• 2 Chr 9:26 : 26 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.9.26", "source": "וַיְהִ֥י מוֹשֵׁ֖ל בְּכָל־הַמְּלָכִ֑ים מִן־הַנָּהָר֙ וְעַד־אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְעַ֖ד גְּב֥וּל מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wayəhî* *môšēl* over all the *məlāḵîm* from the *nāhār* and unto *ʾereṣ* *pəlištîm* and unto *gəḇûl* *miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he was", "*môšēl*": "qal participle masculine singular - ruling", "*məlāḵîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the kings", "*nāhār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the river (Euphrates)", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct feminine singular noun - land of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*gəḇûl*": "masculine singular construct - border of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*nāhār*": "the River (typically refers to the Euphrates)", "*ʾereṣ pəlištîm*": "land of the Philistines/Philistia", "*gəḇûl miṣrāyim*": "border of Egypt/Egyptian frontier" } }
• Ps 105:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.11", "source": "לֵאמֹ֗ר לְךָ֗ אֶתֵּ֥ן אֶת־אֶֽרֶץ־כְּנָ֑עַן חֶ֝֗בֶל נַחֲלַתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*lēʾmōr* to-you *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*ʾereṣ*-*Kənaʿan* *ḥebel* *naḥălatkem*", "grammar": { "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect, 1cs - I will give", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kənaʿan*": "proper name - Canaan", "*ḥebel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion/lot of", "*naḥălatkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2mp suffix - your inheritance" }, "variants": { "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*ʾettēn*": "I will give/grant/bestow", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/region", "*ḥebel*": "portion/lot/territory/region", "*naḥălatkem*": "your inheritance/possession/property" } }
• Isa 27:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.27.12", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא יַחְבֹּ֧ט יְהוָ֛ה מִשִּׁבֹּ֥לֶת הַנָּהָ֖ר עַד־נַ֣חַל מִצְרָ֑יִם וְאַתֶּ֧ם תְּלֻקְּט֛וּ לְאַחַ֥ד אֶחָ֖ד בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ ס", "text": "And-*hāyâ* in-the-*yôm* the-*hûʾ* *yaḥbōṭ* *YHWH* from-*šibbōlet* the-*nāhār* unto-*naḥal* *Miṣrāyim* and-*ʾattem* *tĕluqqĕṭû* to-*ʾaḥad* *ʾeḥād* *bĕnê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will happen/be", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - day", "*hûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun - that", "*yaḥbōṭ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will thresh/beat", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/LORD", "*šibbōlet*": "feminine singular construct noun - flowing stream of", "*nāhār*": "masculine singular noun - river", "*naḥal*": "masculine singular construct noun - wadi/stream of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural independent pronoun - you", "*tĕluqqĕṭû*": "Pual imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will be gathered", "*ʾaḥad*": "numeral - one", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral - one", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct noun - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yaḥbōṭ*": "will thresh/will beat off/will shake", "*šibbōlet*": "flowing stream/channel/flood", "*naḥal*": "wadi/stream/brook/torrent", "*tĕluqqĕṭû*": "will be gathered/will be picked up/will be collected", "*ʾaḥad* *ʾeḥād*": "one by one/one at a time/individually" } }
• Isa 55:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.55.3", "source": "הַטּוּ אָזְנְכֶם וּלְכוּ אֵלַי שִׁמְעוּ וּתְחִי נַפְשְׁכֶם וְאֶכְרְתָה לָכֶם בְּרִית עוֹלָם חַסְדֵי דָוִד הַנֶּאֱמָנִים", "text": "*Haṭṭû* *ʾāzĕnĕḵem* and-*lĕḵû* to-me *šimʿû* and-*tĕḥî* *nap̄šĕḵem* and-*ʾeḵrĕṯâ* to-you(pl) *bĕrîṯ* *ʿôlām* *ḥasdê* *Dāwid* the-*neʾĕmānîm*", "grammar": { "*Haṭṭû*": "verb, hifil imperative, masculine plural - incline/extend/turn", "*ʾāzĕnĕḵem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ear", "*lĕḵû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - go/come", "*šimʿû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - listen/hear", "*tĕḥî*": "verb, qal jussive, 3rd person feminine singular - let live/may live", "*nap̄šĕḵem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your soul", "*ʾeḵrĕṯâ*": "verb, qal cohortative, 1st person singular - I will cut/make", "*bĕrîṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - everlasting/eternity", "*ḥasdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - mercies/lovingkindnesses of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*neʾĕmānîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - faithful/sure/reliable" }, "variants": { "*Haṭṭû*": "turn/incline/extend", "*ʾeḵrĕṯâ*": "I will cut/make/establish", "*bĕrîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/alliance", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternal/forever", "*ḥasdê*": "mercies/lovingkindnesses/faithful acts/covenant faithfulness", "*neʾĕmānîm*": "faithful/reliable/sure/steadfast/enduring" } }
• Jer 31:31-34 : 31 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.31.31", "source": "הִנֵּ֛ה יָמִ֥ים בָּאִ֖ים נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וְכָרַתִּ֗י אֶת־בֵּ֧ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וְאֶת־בֵּ֥ית יְהוּדָ֖ה בְּרִ֥ית חֲדָשָֽׁה׃", "text": "*hinnēh yāmîm bāʾîm nəʾum-YHWH wə-ḵārattî ʾet-bêt yiśrāʾēl wə-ʾet-bêt yəhûḏāh bərît ḥăḏāšāh*.", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - days", "*bāʾîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - coming", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH", "*wə-ḵārattî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will cut/make", "*ʾet-bêt yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + construct state - house of Israel", "*wə-ʾet-bêt yəhûḏāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + construct state - and house of Judah", "*bərît*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*ḥăḏāšāh*": "feminine singular adjective - new" }, "variants": { "*ḵārattî*": "cut/make/establish (to cut a covenant = to establish a covenant)", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/alliance/treaty", "*ḥăḏāšāh*": "new/fresh/novel" } } 32 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.31.32", "source": "לֹ֣א כַבְּרִ֗ית אֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּרַ֙תִּי֙ אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֔ם בְּיוֹם֙ הֶחֱזִיקִ֣י בְיָדָ֔ם לְהוֹצִיאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֜מָּה הֵפֵ֣רוּ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֗י וְאָנֹכִ֛י בָּעַ֥לְתִּי בָ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*lōʾ ḵabbərît ʾăšer kārattî ʾet-ʾăḇôtām bəyôm heḥĕzîqî ḇəyāḏām ləhôṣîʾām mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim ʾăšer-hēmmāh hēp̄ērû ʾet-bərîtî wə-ʾānōḵî bāʿaltî ḇām nəʾum-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ḵabbərît*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - like the covenant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*kārattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I cut/made", "*ʾet-ʾăḇôtām*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their fathers", "*bəyôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun construct - in day of", "*heḥĕzîqî*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - my taking hold", "*ḇəyāḏām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - by their hand", "*ləhôṣîʾām*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to bring them out", "*mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim*": "preposition + construct state - from land of Egypt", "*ʾăšer-hēmmāh*": "relative pronoun + 3rd person plural pronoun - which they", "*hēp̄ērû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they broke", "*ʾet-bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*wə-ʾānōḵî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular independent pronoun - and I", "*bāʿaltî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I was a husband/lord/master", "*ḇām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*heḥĕzîqî ḇəyāḏām*": "my taking hold of their hand/my grasping their hand/my seizing their hand", "*hēp̄ērû*": "broke/violated/nullified/made void", "*bāʿaltî*": "was a husband to/was a lord over/was a master of" } } 33 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.31.33", "source": "כִּ֣י זֹ֣את הַבְּרִ֡ית אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶכְרֹת֩ אֶת־בֵּ֨ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אַחֲרֵ֨י הַיָּמִ֤ים הָהֵם֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה נָתַ֤תִּי אֶת־תּֽוֹרָתִי֙ בְּקִרְבָּ֔ם וְעַל־לִבָּ֖ם אֶכְתֲּבֶ֑נָּה וְהָיִ֤יתִי לָהֶם֙ לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים וְהֵ֖מָּה יִֽהְיוּ־לִ֥י לְעָֽם׃", "text": "*Kî* this the *bᵊrît* which *ʾekrōt* *ʾet*-house of *Yiśrāʾēl* after the *yāmîm* those, *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH*, *nātattî* *ʾet*-*tôrātî* in *qirbām* and upon-*libbām* *ʾektᵊbennâ* and *hāyîtî* to them for *ʾĕlōhîm* and they *yihyû*-to me for *ʿām*.", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because/that", "*bᵊrît*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - covenant", "*ʾekrōt*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will cut/make", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - days", "*nᵊʾum*": "construct state noun - utterance/declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have put/given", "*tôrātî*": "noun, feminine, singular with 1st person singular suffix - my law/instruction", "*qirbām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their inward part", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*ʾektᵊbennâ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I will write it", "*hāyîtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will be", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - God/gods", "*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular - people" }, "variants": { "*Kî*": "for/because/that/indeed/when", "*bᵊrît*": "covenant/agreement/alliance", "*ʾekrōt*": "I will cut/make/establish", "*qirbām*": "their inward part/midst/inside", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner being", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being [plural form used for singular deity]", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk" } } 34 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.31.34", "source": "וְלֹ֧א יְלַמְּד֣וּ ע֗וֹד אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֜הוּ וְאִ֤ישׁ אֶת־אָחִיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר דְּע֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה כִּֽי־כוּלָּם֩ יֵדְע֨וּ אוֹתִ֜י לְמִקְטַנָּ֤ם וְעַד־גְּדוֹלָם֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֤י אֶסְלַח֙ לַֽעֲוֺנָ֔ם וּלְחַטָּאתָ֖ם לֹ֥א אֶזְכָּר־עֽוֹד׃", "text": "And not *yᵊlammᵊdû* *ʿôd* *ʾîš* *ʾet*-*rēʿēhû* and *ʾîš* *ʾet*-*ʾāḥîw* saying, *dᵊʿû* *ʾet*-*YHWH*, *kî*-all of them *yēdᵊʿû* me, from *miqᵊṭannām* and until-*gᵊdôlām*, *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH*, *kî* *ʾeslaḥ* for *ʿăwōnām* and for *ḥaṭṭāʾtām* not *ʾezkār*-*ʿôd*.", "grammar": { "*yᵊlammᵊdû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will teach", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/again", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular - man/each one", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/friend", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*dᵊʿû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - know!", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yēdᵊʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will know", "*miqᵊṭannām*": "preposition + adjective, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from their small/least", "*gᵊdôlām*": "adjective, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their great/greatest", "*nᵊʾum*": "construct state noun - utterance/declaration of", "*ʾeslaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will forgive", "*ʿăwōnām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sin", "*ʾezkār*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will remember" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/person/individual", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/friend/companion/fellow", "*dᵊʿû*": "know/understand/perceive", "*ʿăwōnām*": "their iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "their sin/offense/punishment for sin" } }
• Jer 32:40 : 40 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.40", "source": "וְכָרַתִּ֤י לָהֶם֙ בְּרִ֣ית עוֹלָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־אָשׁוּב֙ מֵאַ֣חֲרֵיהֶ֔ם לְהֵיטִיבִ֖י אוֹתָ֑ם וְאֶת־יִרְאָתִי֙ אֶתֵּ֣ן בִּלְבָבָ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י ס֥וּר מֵעָלָֽי׃", "text": "And *kārattî* for them *bərît* *ʿôlām*, that not *ʾāšûb* from after them *ləhêṭîbî* *ʾôtām*; and *ʾet-yirʾātî* *ʾettēn* in *libbābām* *ləbiltî* *sûr* from me", "grammar": { "*kārattî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - 'I will cut/make'", "*bərît*": "feminine singular noun - 'covenant'", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - 'everlasting/perpetuity'", "*ʾāšûb*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - 'I will turn back'", "*ləhêṭîbî*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - 'my doing good'", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'them'", "*ʾet-yirʾātî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my fear'", "*ʾettēn*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - 'I will put'", "*libbābām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their heart'", "*ləbiltî*": "preposition + negative particle - 'so that not'", "*sûr*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to turn aside'" }, "variants": { "*kārattî* *bərît*": "I will cut/make a covenant (idiom)", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual", "*ʾāšûb*": "I will turn back/I will turn away/I will cease", "*ləhêṭîbî*": "to do good to/to benefit/to bless", "*yirʾātî*": "fear of me/reverence for me", "*sûr*": "to turn aside/to depart/to leave" } }
• Jer 33:20-26 : 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.20", "source": "כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אִם־תָּפֵ֙רוּ֙ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם וְאֶת־בְּרִיתִ֖י הַלָּ֑יְלָה וּלְבִלְתִּ֛י הֱי֥וֹת יֽוֹמָם־וָלַ֖יְלָה בְּעִתָּֽם׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* if *tāp̄ērû* *bərîṯî* *hayyôm* and *bərîṯî* *hallāyəlāh* and to not *hĕyôṯ* *yômām-wālayəlāh* in *ʿittām*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he said/says", "*tāp̄ērû*": "hiphil imperfect 2mp - you break", "*bərîṯî*": "noun fs + 1s suffix - my covenant", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun ms - the day", "*hallāyəlāh*": "definite article + noun ms - the night", "*hĕyôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to be", "*yômām-wālayəlāh*": "adverb + waw conjunction + noun ms - day and night", "*ʿittām*": "noun ms + 3mp suffix - their time" }, "variants": { "*tāp̄ērû*": "break/annul/frustrate", "*bərîṯî*": "my covenant/agreement/treaty" } } 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.21", "source": "גַּם־בְּרִיתִ֤י תֻפַר֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֣ד עַבְדִּ֔י מִהְיֽוֹת־ל֥וֹ בֵ֖ן מֹלֵ֣ךְ עַל־כִּסְא֑וֹ וְאֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֥ם הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים מְשָׁרְתָֽי׃", "text": "Also *bərîṯî* *ṯup̄ar* with *dāwiḏ* *ʿaḇdî* from *mihyôṯ*-to him *bēn* *mōlēḵ* upon *kisʾô* and with *haləwiyyîm* *hakkōhănîm* *məšārəṯāy*", "grammar": { "*bərîṯî*": "noun fs + 1s suffix - my covenant", "*ṯup̄ar*": "hophal imperfect 3fs - it will be broken", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun ms + 1s suffix - my servant", "*mihyôṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from being", "*bēn*": "noun ms - son", "*mōlēḵ*": "qal participle ms - reigning", "*kisʾô*": "noun ms + 3ms suffix - his throne", "*haləwiyyîm*": "definite article + proper noun mp - the Levites", "*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + noun mp - the priests", "*məšārəṯāy*": "piel participle mp + 1s suffix - my ministers" }, "variants": { "*ṯup̄ar*": "be broken/violated/made void", "*mōlēḵ*": "reigning/ruling/king", "*məšārəṯāy*": "my ministers/servants/attendants" } } 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.22", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יִסָּפֵר֙ צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְלֹ֥א יִמַּ֖ד ח֣וֹל הַיָּ֑ם כֵּ֣ן אַרְבֶּ֗ה אֶת־זֶ֙רַע֙ דָּוִ֣ד עַבְדִּ֔י וְאֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֖ם מְשָׁרְתֵ֥י אֹתִֽי׃", "text": "Which not *yissāp̄ēr* *ṣəḇāʾ* *haššāmayim* and not *yimmad* *ḥôl* *hayyām* so *ʾarbeh* *zeraʿ* *dāwiḏ* *ʿaḇdî* and *haləwiyyîm* *məšārəṯê* me", "grammar": { "*yissāp̄ēr*": "niphal imperfect 3ms - it can be counted", "*ṣəḇāʾ*": "noun ms construct - host of", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun mp - the heavens", "*yimmad*": "niphal imperfect 3ms - it can be measured", "*ḥôl*": "noun ms construct - sand of", "*hayyām*": "definite article + noun ms - the sea", "*ʾarbeh*": "hiphil imperfect 1s - I will multiply", "*zeraʿ*": "noun ms construct - seed of", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun ms + 1s suffix - my servant", "*məšārəṯê*": "piel participle mp construct - ministers of" }, "variants": { "*yissāp̄ēr*": "be counted/numbered/recounted", "*ṣəḇāʾ*": "host/army/service", "*yimmad*": "be measured/estimated/surveyed", "*ʾarbeh*": "multiply/increase/make many", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants" } } 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.23", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ דְּבַר־יְהוָ֔ה אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* *dəḇar-YHWH* unto *yirəməyāhû* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened/came", "*dəḇar-YHWH*": "construct state - word of YHWH", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*dəḇar-YHWH*": "word/message/command of YHWH" } } 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.24", "source": "הֲל֣וֹא רָאִ֗יתָ מָֽה־הָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ דִּבְּר֣וּ לֵאמֹ֔ר שְׁתֵּ֣י הַמִּשְׁפָּח֗וֹת אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּחַ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה בָּהֶ֖ם וַיִּמְאָסֵ֑ם וְאֶת־עַמִּי֙ יִנְאָצ֔וּן מִֽהְי֥וֹת ע֖וֹד גּ֥וֹי לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Have not *rāʾîṯā* what *hāʿām* *hazzeh* *dibbərû* *lēʾmōr* *šəttê* *hammišpāḥôṯ* which *bāḥar* *YHWH* in them *wayyimʾāsēm* and *ʿammî* *yinʾāṣûn* from *mihyôṯ* still *gôy* before them", "grammar": { "*rāʾîṯā*": "qal perfect 2ms - you have seen", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun ms - the people", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative ms - this", "*dibbərû*": "piel perfect 3p - they have spoken", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*šəttê*": "numeral construct - two of", "*hammišpāḥôṯ*": "definite article + noun fp - the families", "*bāḥar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he chose", "*wayyimʾāsēm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he rejected them", "*ʿammî*": "noun ms + 1s suffix - my people", "*yinʾāṣûn*": "piel imperfect 3mp - they despise", "*mihyôṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from being", "*gôy*": "noun ms - nation" }, "variants": { "*dibbərû*": "spoken/said/declared", "*hammišpāḥôṯ*": "families/clans/tribes", "*wayyimʾāsēm*": "rejected/spurned/despised them", "*yinʾāṣûn*": "despise/spurn/treat with contempt" } } 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.25", "source": "כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אִם־לֹ֥א בְרִיתִ֖י יוֹמָ֣ם וָלָ֑יְלָה חֻקּ֛וֹת שָׁמַ֥יִם וָאָ֖רֶץ לֹא־שָֽׂמְתִּי׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* if not *ḇərîṯî* *yômām* *wālāyəlāh* *ḥuqqôṯ* *šāmayim* *wāʾāreṣ* not *śāmtî*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he said/says", "*ḇərîṯî*": "noun fs + 1s suffix - my covenant", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day", "*wālāyəlāh*": "waw conjunction + noun ms - and night", "*ḥuqqôṯ*": "noun fp construct - ordinances of", "*šāmayim*": "noun mp - heavens", "*wāʾāreṣ*": "waw conjunction + noun fs - and earth", "*śāmtî*": "qal perfect 1s - I have appointed" }, "variants": { "*ḇərîṯî*": "my covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ḥuqqôṯ*": "ordinances/statutes/decrees", "*śāmtî*": "set/appointed/established" } } 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.26", "source": "גַּם־זֶ֣רַע יַעֲקוֹב֩ וְדָוִ֨ד עַבְדִּ֜י אֶמְאַ֗ס מִקַּ֤חַת מִזַּרְעוֹ֙ מֹֽשְׁלִ֔ים אֶל־זֶ֥רַע אַבְרָהָ֖ם יִשְׂחָ֣ק וְיַעֲקֹ֑ב כִּֽי־אָשִׁ֥יב אֶת־שְׁבוּתָ֖ם וְרִחַמְתִּֽים׃", "text": "Also *zeraʿ* *yaʿăqôḇ* and *ḏāwiḏ* *ʿaḇdî* *ʾemʾas* from *miqqaḥaṯ* from *mizzarʿô* *mōšəlîm* unto *zeraʿ* *ʾaḇrāhām* *yiśḥāq* and *yaʿăqōḇ* for *ʾāšîḇ* *šəḇûṯām* and *riḥamtîm*", "grammar": { "*zeraʿ*": "noun ms construct - seed of", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun ms + 1s suffix - my servant", "*ʾemʾas*": "qal imperfect 1s - I will reject", "*miqqaḥaṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from taking", "*mizzarʿô*": "preposition + noun ms + 3ms suffix - from his seed", "*mōšəlîm*": "qal participle mp - rulers", "*zeraʿ*": "noun ms construct - seed of", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "hiphil imperfect 1s - I will restore", "*šəḇûṯām*": "noun fs + 3mp suffix - their captivity", "*riḥamtîm*": "piel perfect 1s + 3mp suffix - I will have mercy on them" }, "variants": { "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʾemʾas*": "reject/refuse/despise", "*mōšəlîm*": "rulers/governors/ones ruling", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "restore/return/bring back", "*šəḇûṯām*": "their captivity/fortunes/prosperity", "*riḥamtîm*": "have mercy on/compassion on/pity them" } }
• Gal 3:15-17 : 15 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.15", "source": "Ἀδελφοί, κατὰ ἄνθρωπον λέγω· Ὅμως ἀνθρώπου κεκυρωμένην διαθήκην, οὐδεὶς ἀθετεῖ, ἢ ἐπιδιατάσσεται.", "text": "*Adelphoi*, according to *anthrōpon* I *legō*; yet of *anthrōpou* having been *kekyrōmenēn* *diathēkēn*, no one *athetei*, or *epidiatassetai*.", "grammar": { "*Adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers/brethren", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man/human custom", "*legō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person, singular - I speak/say", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - man/person/human", "*kekyrōmenēn*": "perfect, passive, participle, accusative, feminine, singular - having been ratified/confirmed", "*diathēkēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - covenant/testament/will", "*athetei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - sets aside/annuls/rejects", "*epidiatassetai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person, singular - adds conditions to/modifies" }, "variants": { "*Adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren/siblings", "*anthrōpon*": "man/human terms/human custom", "*anthrōpou*": "man's/person's/human's", "*kekyrōmenēn*": "having been ratified/confirmed/validated", "*diathēkēn*": "covenant/testament/will/legal agreement", "*athetei*": "sets aside/annuls/rejects/nullifies", "*epidiatassetai*": "adds conditions to/modifies/makes additional provisions" } } 16 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.16", "source": "Τῷ δὲ Ἀβραὰμ ἐρρήθησαν αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ. Οὐ Λέγει, Καὶ τοῖς σπέρμασιν, ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν· ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐφʼ ἑνός, Καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου, ὅς ἐστιν Χριστός.", "text": "Now to *Abraam* were *errēthēsan* the *epangeliai* and to the *spermati* of him. Not he *Legei*, 'And to the *spermasin*,' as of many; but as of one, 'And to the *spermati* of you,' who *estin* *Christos*.", "grammar": { "*Abraam*": "dative, masculine, singular - Abraham", "*errēthēsan*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person, plural - were spoken/said", "*epangeliai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - promises", "*spermati*": "dative, neuter, singular - seed/offspring", "*Legei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - He says/it says", "*spermasin*": "dative, neuter, plural - seeds/offspring (plural)", "*spermati*": "dative, neuter, singular - seed/offspring", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - is", "*Christos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" }, "variants": { "*errēthēsan*": "were spoken/were said/were promised", "*epangeliai*": "promises/announcements", "*spermati*": "seed/offspring/descendant", "*Legei*": "He says/it says/Scripture says", "*spermasin*": "seeds/offspring (plural)/descendants", "*Christos*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" } } 17 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.17", "source": "Τοῦτο δὲ λέγω, διαθήκην, προκεκυρωμένην ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς Χριστὸν, ὁ μετὰ ἔτη τετρακόσια καὶ τριάκοντα, γεγονὼς νόμος οὐκ ἀκυροῖ, εἰς τὸ καταργῆσαι τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν.", "text": "This now I *legō*, *diathēkēn*, having been *prokekyrōmenēn* by the *Theou* unto *Christon*, the after *etē* four hundred and thirty, having *gegonōs* *nomos* not *akyroi*, to *katargēsai* the *epangelian*.", "grammar": { "*legō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person, singular - I say/speak", "*diathēkēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - covenant/testament/will", "*prokekyrōmenēn*": "perfect, passive, participle, accusative, feminine, singular - having been previously ratified/confirmed", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*Christon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Christ", "*etē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - years", "*gegonōs*": "perfect, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having come into being", "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*akyroi*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - invalidates/nullifies", "*katargēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to nullify/render ineffective", "*epangelian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - promise" }, "variants": { "*diathēkēn*": "covenant/testament/will/legal agreement", "*prokekyrōmenēn*": "having been previously ratified/confirmed/validated", "*gegonōs*": "having come into being/having come about", "*nomos*": "law/legal system/Torah", "*akyroi*": "invalidates/nullifies/cancels", "*katargēsai*": "to nullify/render ineffective/abolish", "*epangelian*": "promise/announcement" } }
• Heb 13:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Hebrews.13.20", "source": "Ὁ δὲ Θεὸς τῆς εἰρήνης, ὁ ἀναγαγὼν ἐκ νεκρῶν τὸν ποιμένα τῶν προβάτων τὸν μέγαν, ἐν αἵματι διαθήκης αἰωνίου, τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν,", "text": "The *de* *Theos* of the *eirēnēs*, the one having *anagagōn* out of *nekrōn* the *poimena* of the *probatōn* the *megan*, in *haimati* of *diathēkēs* *aiōniou*, the *Kyrion* of us *Iēsoun*,", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*eirēnēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - peace", "*anagagōn*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having brought up", "*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - dead ones", "*poimena*": "accusative, masculine, singular - shepherd", "*probatōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - sheep", "*megan*": "accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - great", "*haimati*": "dative, neuter, singular - blood", "*diathēkēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - covenant", "*aiōniou*": "genitive, feminine, singular, adjective - eternal", "*Kyrion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus" }, "variants": { "*eirēnēs*": "peace/harmony/tranquility", "*anagagōn*": "having brought up/led up/raised", "*nekrōn*": "dead ones/corpses", "*poimena*": "shepherd/pastor", "*probatōn*": "sheep/flock", "*megan*": "great/large/mighty", "*haimati*": "blood/bloodshed", "*diathēkēs*": "covenant/testament/agreement", "*aiōniou*": "eternal/everlasting/age-long" } }