Verse 12

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.10.12", "source": "וְהָיָה כִּי־יְבַצַּע אֲדֹנָי אֶת־כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂהוּ בְּהַר צִיּוֹן וּבִירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם אֶפְקֹד עַל־פְּרִי־גֹדֶל לְבַב מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר וְעַל־תִּפְאֶרֶת רוּם עֵינָיו", "text": "*wehāyāh* *kî*-*yebaṣṣaʿ* *ʾădōnāy* *ʾet*-*kāl*-*maʿăśēhû* *behar* *ṣiyyôn* *ûbîrûšālāim* *ʾep̄qōd* *ʿal*-*perî*-*gōdel* *lebab* *meleḵ*-*ʾaššûr* *weʿal*-*tip̄ʾeret* *rûm* *ʿênāyw*", "grammar": { "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/that", "*yebaṣṣaʿ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he completes/finishes", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix used as divine title - the Lord", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*maʿăśēhû*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his work", "*behar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in mountain of", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*ûbîrûšālāim*": "waw conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and in Jerusalem", "*ʾep̄qōd*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will punish/visit", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/against", "*perî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*gōdel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - greatness of", "*lebab*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*weʿal*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and upon", "*tip̄ʾeret*": "noun, feminine singular construct - glory/splendor of", "*rûm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - height/haughtiness of", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eyes" }, "variants": { "*baṣṣaʿ*": "complete/finish/accomplish/cut off", "*pāqad*": "visit/punish/attend to/muster", "*perî*": "fruit/result/outcome/product", "*gōdel*": "greatness/pride/arrogance", "*tip̄ʾeret*": "glory/splendor/beauty/pride", "*rûm*": "height/haughtiness/loftiness/exaltation" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Når Herren har fullført alt sitt arbeid på Sions høyde og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe Assurs konge og hans stolte blikk.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Derfor skal det skje når Herren har fullført alt sitt verk på Sions berg og i Jerusalem, at jeg vil straffe frukten av det stolte hjertet til kongen av Assyria, og pråligheten av hans høye blikk.

• Norsk King James

  Derfor skal det skje at når Herren har fullført sitt verk på Sion og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe frukten av kongens fast hjerte og hans stolte prakt.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Når Herren har fullført sitt verk på Sions fjell og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe Assyrias konge for hans stolte hjerte og hans oppblåste blikk.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Når Herren har fullført alt sitt arbeid på Sion-fjellet og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe frukten av kongen av Assurs stolthet og hans overmodige blikk.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Derfor, når Herren har avsluttet hele sitt verk på Sions berg og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe frukten av det hovmodige hjerte hos Assyrias konge og hans stolte blikk.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Derfor skal det skje at når Herren har fullbyrdet sitt verk på Sions fjell og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe kongens – assyrerkongens – stae hjerte og forakte hans hovmod.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Derfor, når Herren har avsluttet hele sitt verk på Sions berg og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe frukten av det hovmodige hjerte hos Assyrias konge og hans stolte blikk.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Og det skal skje når Herren har fullført alt sitt arbeid på Sions berg og i Jerusalem, vil jeg hjemsøke kongen av Assyria for hans hovmodige hjerte, og for hans stolte blikk.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  When the Lord has finished all His work against Mount Zion and Jerusalem, He will punish the pride of the king of Assyria's heart and the glory of his haughty eyes.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Når Herren har fullført alt sitt verk på Sions berg og i Jerusalem, da vil jeg straffe Assyrias konge for den frukt av hans hovmod, og for stoltheten i hans opphøyde blikk.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og det skal skee, naar Herren haver udrettet al sin Gjerning paa Zions Bjerg og i Jerusalem, da vil jeg hjemsøge over Kongen af Assyriens store Mods Frugt og over hans høie Øines Herlighed,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Wherefore it shall come to pass, that when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Når Herren har fullført hele sitt verk på Sions fjell og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe Assyrias konges stolte hjerte og herligheten i hans hovmodige blikk.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Therefore, it shall come to pass, that when the Lord has performed all his work on Mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the proud heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Wherefore it shall come to pass, that when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Derfor skal det skje, når Herren har fullført hele sitt verk på Sion-fjellet og i Jerusalem, at jeg vil straffe den stolte hjerten av Assyrias konge og imponerende blikk.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Når Herren har fullført alt sitt verk på Sion-fjellet og i Jerusalem, vil jeg straffe den frukten av kongen av Assurs stolthet, og den stoltheten hans øyne har.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Derfor skal det skje, når Herren har fullført hele sitt verk på Sions berg og i Jerusalem, at jeg vil straffe assyrerkongens stolte hjerte og hans hovmodige blikk.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Derfor vil det skje at når Herrens hensikt mot Sions berg og Jerusalem er fullført, vil jeg sende straff over stoltheten i den assyriske kongens hjerte, og hans hovmodige blikk.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Wherfore the LORDE saieth: As soone as I haue perfourmed my whole worcke vpon the Hyl of Syon and Ierusalem: the will I also vyset the noble and stoute kynge of Assiria, with his wysdome and pryde.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But when the Lorde hath accomplished all his worke vpon mount Zion and Ierusalem, I will visite the fruite of the proude heart of the King of Asshur, and his glorious and proud lookes,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Wherefore it shall come to passe, that assoone as the Lorde hath perfourmed his whole worke vpon the hill of Sion and Hierusalem, then wyll I visite the fruite of the stoute heart of the kyng of Assyria with his proude lookes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Wherefore it shall come to pass, [that] when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Therefore it shall happen that, when the Lord has performed his whole work on Mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And it hath come to pass, When the Lord doth fulfil all His work In mount Zion and in Jerusalem, I see concerning the fruit of the greatness Of the heart of the king of Asshur. And concerning the glory of the height of his eyes.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Wherefore it shall come to pass, that, when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  For this cause it will be that, when the purpose of the Lord against Mount Zion and Jerusalem is complete, I will send punishment on the pride of the heart of the king of Assyria, and on the glory of his uplifted eyes.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Therefore it will happen that, when the Lord has performed his whole work on Mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the willful proud heart of the king of Assyria, and the insolence of his haughty looks.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But when the Lord finishes judging Mount Zion and Jerusalem, then I will punish the king of Assyria for what he has proudly planned and for the arrogant attitude he displays.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Kgs 19:31 : 31 { "verseID": "2 Kings.19.31", "source": "כִּ֤י מִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ תֵּצֵ֣א שְׁאֵרִ֔ית וּפְלֵיטָ֖ה מֵהַ֣ר צִיּ֑וֹן קִנְאַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־זֹּֽאת׃", "text": "*kî* from-*yərûšālaim* *tēṣēʾ* *šəʾērît* *û-pəlêṭāh* from-*har ṣiyyôn*; *qinʾat* *yhwh* *ṣəḇāʾôt* *taʿăśeh-zōʾt*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*mi-yərûšālaim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Jerusalem", "*tēṣēʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will go out", "*šəʾērît*": "noun, feminine singular - remnant", "*û-pəlêṭāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and escapees/survivors", "*mē-har*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from mountain of", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*qinʾat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - zeal of", "*yhwh*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ṣəḇāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*taʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will do/accomplish", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors", "*pəlêṭāh*": "escapees/survivors/refugee group", "*qinʾat*": "zeal/jealousy/passion", "*ṣəḇāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/heavenly forces" } }
• Jer 50:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.18", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֥י פֹקֵ֛ד אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל וְאֶל־אַרְצ֑וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר פָּקַ֖דְתִּי אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר׃", "text": "*lakhen* thus *ʾamar* *YHWH* *tsevaʾot* *ʾelohey* *yisraʾel* behold I *poqed* against *melekh* *bavel* and against *ʾartso* as *kaʾasher* *paqadti* against *melekh* *ʾashshur*.", "grammar": { "*lakhen*": "adverb - therefore", "*ʾamar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said/spoken", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*tsevaʾot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*ʾelohey*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*yisraʾel*": "proper noun - Israel", "*poqed*": "participle, masculine singular - punishing/visiting", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bavel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʾartso*": "noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land", "*kaʾasher*": "comparative conjunction - as/just as", "*paqadti*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I have punished/visited", "*melekh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾashshur*": "proper noun - Assyria" }, "variants": { "*lakhen*": "therefore/for this reason", "*poqed*": "punishing/visiting/attending to/bringing judgment upon", "*paqadti*": "I punished/visited/attended to/brought judgment upon" } }
• Ezek 31:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.10", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה יַ֕עַן אֲשֶׁ֥ר גָּבַ֖הְתָּ בְּקוֹמָ֑ה וַיִּתֵּ֤ן צַמַּרְתּוֹ֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ין עֲבוֹתִ֔ים וְרָ֥ם לְבָב֖וֹ בְּגָבְהֽוֹ", "text": "Therefore *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* because which *gāḇahtā* in *qômāh* and *wayyittēn* *ṣammartô* to between *ʿăḇôtîm* and *rām* *ləḇāḇô* in *ḡāḇəhô*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*gāḇahtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you were high/exalted", "*qômāh*": "noun, feminine singular - height/stature", "*wayyittēn*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gave/placed", "*ṣammartô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his top/crown", "*ʿăḇôtîm*": "noun, masculine plural - leafy branches/thick clouds", "*rām*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was high/exalted", "*ləḇāḇô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*ḡāḇəhô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his height/exaltation" }, "variants": { "*ʾādōnāy*": "my Lord/Lord/sovereign", "*gāḇahtā*": "you were high/you were exalted/you were lofty", "*ṣammartô*": "his top/his crown/his highest point", "*ʿăḇôtîm*": "thick branches/leafy boughs/clouds/thickets", "*rām*": "was high/was lifted up/was exalted" } }
• Ezek 31:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.14", "source": "לְמַ֡עַן אֲשֶׁר֩ לֹא־יִגְבְּה֨וּ בְקוֹמָתָ֜ם כָּל־עֲצֵי־מַ֗יִם וְלֹֽא־יִתְּנ֤וּ אֶת־צַמַּרְתָּם֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ין עֲבֹתִ֔ים וְלֹֽא־יַעַמְד֧וּ אֵלֵיהֶ֛ם בְּגָבְהָ֖ם כָּל־שֹׁ֣תֵי מָ֑יִם כִּֽי־כֻלָּם֩ נִתְּנ֨וּ לַמָּ֜וֶת אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּ֗ית בְּת֛וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י אָדָ֖ם אֶל־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר", "text": "In order that *ʾăšer* not *yigbəhû* in *qômātām* all *ʿăṣê-mayim* and not *yittənû* *ʾet-ṣammartām* to between *ʿăḇōtîm* and not *yaʿamdû* to them in *ḡāḇhām* all *šōtê* *māyim* for *kullām* *nittənû* to the *māwet* to *ʾereṣ* *taḥtît* in midst *bənê* *ʾādām* to *yôrədê* *ḇôr*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*yigbəhû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be high/exalted", "*qômātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their height/stature", "*ʿăṣê-mayim*": "construct chain - trees of water", "*yittənû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will set/place", "*ʾet-ṣammartām*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their top/crown", "*ʿăḇōtîm*": "noun, masculine plural - leafy branches/thick clouds", "*yaʿamdû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will stand", "*ḡāḇhām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their height", "*šōtê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - drinkers of", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*kullām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*nittənû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they are given/consigned", "*māwet*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the death", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine singular - lower/nether", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/humanity", "*yôrədê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those going down to", "*ḇôr*": "noun, masculine singular - pit/grave" }, "variants": { "*ʿăṣê-mayim*": "trees of water/well-watered trees", "*ʾet-ṣammartām*": "their top/their crown/their highest point", "*ʿăḇōtîm*": "thick branches/leafy boughs/clouds/thickets", "*šōtê māyim*": "drinkers of water/well-watered ones", "*ʾereṣ taḥtît*": "lower land/netherworld/underworld" } }
• Matt 12:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Matthew.12.33", "source": "Ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον καλὸν, καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ καλόν· ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον σαπρὸν, καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ σαπρόν: ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ καρποῦ τὸ δένδρον γινώσκεται.", "text": "Either *poiēsate* the *dendron* *kalon*, and the *karpon* of it *kalon*; or *poiēsate* the *dendron* *sapron*, and the *karpon* of it *sapron*: for from the *karpou* the *dendron* *ginōsketai*.", "grammar": { "*poiēsate*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd plural - make/consider", "*dendron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - tree", "*kalon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - good", "*karpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*sapron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - bad/rotten", "*karpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the fruit", "*ginōsketai*": "present, passive, indicative, 3rd singular - is known" }, "variants": { "*poiēsate*": "make/declare/consider/accept", "*dendron*": "tree/plant", "*kalon*": "good/fine/beautiful/noble", "*karpon*": "fruit/produce/offspring/result", "*sapron*": "bad/rotten/corrupt/worthless", "*ginōsketai*": "is known/is recognized/is identified" } }
• Matt 15:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Matthew.15.19", "source": "Ἐκ γὰρ τῆς καρδίας ἐξέρχονται διαλογισμοὶ πονηροί, φόνοι, μοιχεῖαι, πορνεῖαι, κλοπαί, ψευδομαρτυρίαι, βλασφημίαι:", "text": "Out for of the *kardias* *exerchontai* *dialogismoi* *ponēroi*, *phonoi*, *moicheiai*, *porneiai*, *klopai*, *pseudomarturiai*, *blasphēmiai*:", "grammar": { "*Ek gar*": "for out of", "*tēs kardias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the heart", "*exerchontai*": "present, indicative, middle, 3rd person plural - come out", "*dialogismoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - thoughts/reasonings", "*ponēroi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - evil", "*phonoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - murders", "*moicheiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - adulteries", "*porneiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - fornications/sexual immoralities", "*klopai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - thefts", "*pseudomarturiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - false testimonies", "*blasphēmiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - blasphemies/slanders" }, "variants": { "*kardias*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*exerchontai*": "come out/go forth/proceed", "*dialogismoi*": "thoughts/reasonings/deliberations", "*ponēroi*": "evil/wicked/malicious", "*phonoi*": "murders/killings", "*moicheiai*": "adulteries/marital unfaithfulness", "*porneiai*": "fornications/sexual immoralities", "*klopai*": "thefts/stealing", "*pseudomarturiai*": "false testimonies/perjuries", "*blasphēmiai*": "blasphemies/slanders/abusive speech" } }
• 1 Pet 4:17 : 17 { "verseID": "1 Peter.4.17", "source": "Ὅτι ὁ καιρὸς τοῦ ἄρξασθαι τὸ κρίμα ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ Θεοῦ: εἰ δὲ πρῶτον ἀφʼ ἡμῶν, τί τὸ τέλος τῶν ἀπειθούντων τῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐαγγελίῳ;", "text": "Because the *kairos tou arxasthai to krima apo tou oikou tou Theou*: and if first from us, what the *telos tōn apeithountōn* to the of *Theou euangeliō*?", "grammar": { "*kairos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - time/season/appointed time", "*tou arxasthai*": "genitive articular aorist middle infinitive - of the beginning", "*krima*": "accusative, neuter, singular - judgment", "*oikou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - house/household", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*telos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - end/outcome", "*apeithountōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - of those disobeying", "*euangeliō*": "dative, neuter, singular - to gospel/good news" }, "variants": { "*kairos*": "time/appointed time/proper time/season", "*krima*": "judgment/sentence/decision", "*apeithountōn*": "disobeying/being unpersuaded/disbelieving/refusing to believe" } }
• Job 40:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Job.40.11", "source": "הָ֭פֵץ עֶבְר֣וֹת אַפֶּ֑ךָ וּרְאֵ֥ה כָל־גֵּ֝אֶ֗ה וְהַשְׁפִּילֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "*hāpēṣ* *ʿebrôt* *ʾappekā* *û-rəʾēh* *kol*-*gēʾeh* *wə-hašpîlēhû*", "grammar": { "*hāpēṣ*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - scatter, disperse", "*ʿebrôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - overflowings, outbursts", "*ʾappekā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nose/anger", "*û-rəʾēh*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular - and see", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of, every", "*gēʾeh*": "adjective, masculine singular - proud, haughty", "*wə-hašpîlēhû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and humble him" }, "variants": { "*hāpēṣ*": "to scatter, disperse, dash to pieces", "*ʿebrôt*": "outbursts, overflowings, fury, wrath", "*ʾappekā*": "nose, nostril, anger, face", "*rəʾēh*": "to see, look at, inspect, perceive", "*gēʾeh*": "proud, haughty, arrogant", "*hašpîlēhû*": "to make low, humble, abase" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.40.12", "source": "רְאֵ֣ה כָל־גֵּ֭אֶה הַכְנִיעֵ֑הוּ וַהֲדֹ֖ךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תַּחְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*rəʾēh* *kol*-*gēʾeh* *haknîʿēhû* *wă-hădōk* *rəšāʿîm* *taḥtām*", "grammar": { "*rəʾēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - see, look at", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of, every", "*gēʾeh*": "adjective, masculine singular - proud, haughty", "*haknîʿēhû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - bring him low", "*wă-hădōk*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular - and crush, tread down", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked ones", "*taḥtām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - under them" }, "variants": { "*rəʾēh*": "to see, look at, inspect, perceive", "*gēʾeh*": "proud, haughty, arrogant", "*haknîʿēhû*": "to humble, subdue, bring low", "*hădōk*": "to crush, tread down, trample", "*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked, criminal, guilty, hostile to God", "*taḥtām*": "under, beneath, instead of" } }
• Ps 18:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Psalms.18.27", "source": "עִם־נָבָ֥ר תִּתְבָּרָ֑ר וְעִם־עִ֝קֵּ֗שׁ תִּתְפַּתָּֽל׃", "text": "With-*navar* *titbarar* and with-*iqesh* *titpatal*.", "grammar": { "*navar*": "masculine singular adjective - pure", "*titbarar*": "hitpael imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you show yourself pure", "*iqesh*": "masculine singular adjective - crooked/perverse", "*titpatal*": "hitpael imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you show yourself astute" }, "variants": { "*navar*": "pure/clean/select", "*titbarar*": "you show yourself pure/you are pure/you act purely", "*iqesh*": "crooked/perverse/twisted", "*titpatal*": "you show yourself astute/you show yourself shrewd/you deal tortuously" } }
• Ps 21:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.21.10", "source": "‫תְּשִׁיתֵ֤מוֹ ׀ כְּתַנּ֥וּר אֵשׁ֮ לְעֵ֢ת פָּ֫נֶ֥יךָ יְ֭הוָה בְּאַפּ֣וֹ יְבַלְּעֵ֑ם וְֽתֹאכְלֵ֥ם אֵֽשׁ׃‬", "text": "*təšîtēmô* like-*tannûr* *ʾēš* at-time *pānêkā* *YHWH* in-*ʾappô* *yəballəʿēm* and-*tōʾkəlēm* *ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*təšîtēmô*": "2nd person masculine singular Qal imperfect with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you will make them", "*tannûr*": "masculine singular noun with preposition kaf - like a furnace", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*pānêkā*": "masculine plural noun 'face' with 2nd person masculine singular suffix + preposition lamed + noun ʿet - at the time of your presence", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun 'anger/nose' with 3rd person masculine singular suffix + preposition bet - in his anger", "*yəballəʿēm*": "3rd person masculine singular Piel imperfect with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will swallow them", "*tōʾkəlēm*": "3rd person feminine singular Qal imperfect with 3rd person masculine plural suffix + conjunction waw - and it will consume them", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire" }, "variants": { "*təšîtēmô*": "make them/set them/place them", "*tannûr*": "furnace/oven/fiery furnace", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*pānêkā*": "your face/presence/appearance", "*ʾappô*": "his anger/wrath/nostrils", "*yəballəʿēm*": "swallow them/consume them/destroy them", "*tōʾkəlēm*": "consume them/devour them/destroy them" } }
• Ps 76:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.76.10", "source": "בְּקוּם־לַמִּשְׁפָּ֥ט אֱלֹהִ֑ים לְהוֹשִׁ֖יעַ כָּל־עַנְוֵי־אֶ֣רֶץ סֶֽלָה", "text": "In *qûm*-to the *mišpāṭ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *lə-hôšîaʿ* all-*ʿanwê*-*ʾereṣ* *selâ*", "grammar": { "*qûm*": "qal infinitive construct - 'rising/standing'", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition lamed - 'for judgment'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (divine name) - 'God'", "*lə-hôšîaʿ*": "hiphil infinitive construct with prefixed preposition lamed - 'to save'", "*ʿanwê*": "masculine plural construct adjective - 'humble ones of'", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - 'earth/land'", "*selâ*": "musical notation or pause - 'selah'" }, "variants": { "*qûm*": "rising/standing/appearing", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/divine being", "*hôšîaʿ*": "to save/to deliver/to rescue", "*ʿanwê*": "humble ones/meek ones/afflicted ones", "*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*selâ*": "musical pause/interlude/elevation (meaning uncertain)" } }
• Prov 30:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Proverbs.30.13", "source": "דּ֭וֹר מָה־רָמ֣וּ עֵינָ֑יו וְ֝עַפְעַפָּ֗יו יִנָּשֵֽׂאוּ׃", "text": "*Dôr* *mâ*-*rāmû* *ʿênāyw* *weʿapʿappāyw* *yinnāśēʾû*", "grammar": { "*Dôr*": "masculine singular noun - generation", "*mâ*": "interrogative pronoun used as exclamation - how", "*rāmû*": "qal perfect, third common plural - they are lofty/high", "*ʿênāyw*": "feminine dual noun + third person masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*weʿapʿappāyw*": "conjunction + masculine dual noun + third person masculine singular suffix - and his eyelids", "*yinnāśēʾû*": "niphal imperfect, third masculine plural - they are lifted up" }, "variants": { "*rāmû*": "are lofty/high/haughty/proud", "*ʿapʿappāyw*": "his eyelids/eyelashes (figurative for arrogant look)" } }
• Isa 2:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.2.11", "source": "עֵינֵ֞י גַּבְה֤וּת אָדָם֙ שָׁפֵ֔ל וְשַׁ֖ח ר֣וּם אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְנִשְׂגַּ֧ב יְהוָ֛ה לְבַדּ֖וֹ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא׃ ס", "text": "*ʿÊnê* *gabhût* *ʾādām* *šāpēl*, and-*šaḥ* *rûm* *ʾănāšîm*, and-*niśgab* *YHWH* to-*badô* in-the-*yôm* the-*hûʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*gabhût*": "noun, feminine singular construct - haughtiness/pride of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind/humanity", "*šāpēl*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - are humbled/brought low", "*wə-šaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and is bowed down", "*rûm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - haughtiness/pride of", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men/people", "*wə-niśgab*": "conjunction + verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and is exalted", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lə-badô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - alone/by himself", "*ba-yôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + pronoun, masculine singular - that" }, "variants": { "*ʿênê gabhût*": "haughty eyes/proud looks", "*šāpēl*": "humbled/brought low/abased", "*šaḥ*": "bowed down/humbled/brought low", "*rûm*": "haughtiness/pride/exaltation", "*niśgab*": "exalted/lifted high/elevated", "*badô*": "alone/by himself/only", "*yôm ha-hûʾ*": "that day/the day/the appointed time" } }
• Isa 5:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.15", "source": "וַיִּשַּׁ֥ח אָדָ֖ם וַיִּשְׁפַּל־אִ֑ישׁ וְעֵינֵ֥י גְבֹהִ֖ים תִּשְׁפַּֽלְנָה׃", "text": "And *wayyiššaḥ* *ʾādām* and *wayyišpal*-*ʾîš*, and the *wəʿênê* of the *gəbōhîm* *tišpalnâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiššaḥ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and is bowed down", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - man/mankind", "*wayyišpal*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and is brought low", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿênê*": "feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*gəbōhîm*": "masculine plural adjective - lofty/proud", "*tišpalnâ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural - are humbled" }, "variants": { "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humanity", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/each one", "*gəbōhîm*": "lofty/proud/exalted ones" } }
• Isa 9:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.9.9", "source": "לְבֵנִ֥ים נָפָ֖לוּ וְגָזִ֣ית נִבְנֶ֑ה שִׁקְמִ֣ים גֻּדָּ֔עוּ וַאֲרָזִ֖ים נַחֲלִֽיף׃", "text": "*Ləḇēnîm* *nāp̄ālû* and *gāzît* we *niḇneh* *šiqmîm* *guddāʿû* and *ʾărāzîm* we *naḥălîp̄*.", "grammar": { "*Ləḇēnîm*": "noun, feminine, plural, absolute - bricks", "*nāp̄ālû*": "verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person, plural - they have fallen", "*gāzît*": "noun, feminine, singular, absolute - hewn stone", "*niḇneh*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 1st person, plural - we will build", "*šiqmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural, absolute - sycamores", "*guddāʿû*": "verb, Pual, perfect, 3rd person, plural - they were cut down", "*ʾărāzîm*": "noun, masculine, plural, absolute - cedars", "*naḥălîp̄*": "verb, Hiphil, imperfect, 1st person, plural - we will replace" }, "variants": { "*Ləḇēnîm*": "bricks/tiles", "*nāp̄ālû*": "fallen/collapsed", "*gāzît*": "hewn stone/dressed stone", "*šiqmîm*": "sycamores/fig-mulberry trees", "*guddāʿû*": "cut down/chopped down/felled", "*ʾărāzîm*": "cedars/cedar trees", "*naḥălîp̄*": "replace/exchange/substitute" } }
• Isa 10:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.5", "source": "הוֹי אַשּׁוּר שֵׁבֶט אַפִּי וּמַטֶּה־הוּא בְיָדָם זַעְמִי", "text": "*hôy* *ʾaššûr* *šēbeṭ* *ʾappî* *ûmaṭṭeh*-*hûʾ* *beyādām* *zaʿmî*", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe!/alas!", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria/Assyrian", "*šēbeṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - rod/staff of", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my anger", "*ûmaṭṭeh*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and staff/rod", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it", "*beyādām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their hand", "*zaʿmî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my indignation/wrath" }, "variants": { "*šēbeṭ*": "rod/staff/tribe/scepter", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/nose/face", "*maṭṭeh*": "staff/rod/branch/tribe", "*zaʿmî*": "my indignation/wrath/fury" } } 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.6", "source": "בְּגוֹי חָנֵף אֲשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ וְעַל־עַם עֶבְרָתִי אֲצַוֶּנּוּ לִשְׁלֹל שָׁלָל וְלָבֹז בַּז וּלְשׂוּמוֹ מִרְמָס כְּחֹמֶר חוּצוֹת", "text": "*begôy* *ḥānēp̄* *ʾăšalleḥennû* *weʿal*-*ʿam* *ʿebrātî* *ʾăṣawwennû* *lišlōl* *šālāl* *welābōz* *baz* *ûleśûmô* *mirmās* *keḥōmer* *ḥûṣôt*", "grammar": { "*begôy*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - against nation", "*ḥānēp̄*": "adjective, masculine singular - godless/profane/impious", "*ʾăšalleḥennû*": "piel imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will send him", "*weʿal*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and against", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*ʿebrātî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my wrath", "*ʾăṣawwennû*": "piel imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will command him", "*lišlōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to plunder", "*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - plunder/spoil", "*welābōz*": "waw conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and to seize", "*baz*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/booty", "*ûleśûmô*": "waw conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and to make it", "*mirmās*": "noun, masculine singular - trampling place/trodden thing", "*keḥōmer*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like clay/mire", "*ḥûṣôt*": "noun, feminine plural - streets/outside places" }, "variants": { "*ḥānēp̄*": "godless/profane/impious/hypocritical", "*ʿebrātî*": "my wrath/fury/rage/anger", "*šālāl*": "plunder/spoil/prey/booty", "*baz*": "spoil/booty/prey", "*mirmās*": "trampling place/thing trodden down", "*ḥōmer*": "clay/mire/mud", "*ḥûṣôt*": "streets/outside places/marketplaces" } }
• Isa 10:16-19 : 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.16", "source": "לָכֵן יְשַׁלַּח הָאָדוֹן יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת בְּמִשְׁמַנָּיו רָזוֹן וְתַחַת כְּבֹדוֹ יֵקַד יְקֹד כִּיקוֹד אֵשׁ", "text": "*lāḵēn* *yešallaḥ* *hāʾādôn* *Yhwh* *ṣebāʾôt* *bemišmannāyw* *rāzôn* *wetaḥat* *kebōdô* *yēqad* *yeqōd* *kîqôd* *ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*yešallaḥ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will send", "*hāʾādôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the Lord", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ṣebāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*bemišmannāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - among his fat ones", "*rāzôn*": "noun, masculine singular - leanness/wasting", "*wetaḥat*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and under", "*kebōdô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his glory", "*yēqad*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will burn", "*yeqōd*": "noun, masculine singular - burning", "*kîqôd*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - like the burning of", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire" }, "variants": { "*mišmannîm*": "fat ones/robust ones/strong ones", "*rāzôn*": "leanness/wasting disease/emaciation", "*kebōd*": "glory/honor/abundance/weight", "*yāqad*": "burn/kindle/be kindled", "*yeqōd*": "burning/kindling" } } 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.17", "source": "וְהָיָה אוֹר־יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאֵשׁ וּקְדוֹשׁוֹ לְלֶהָבָה וּבָעֲרָה וְאָכְלָה שִׁיתוֹ וּשְׁמִירוֹ בְּיוֹם אֶחָד", "text": "*wehāyāh* *ʾôr*-*yiśrāʾēl* *leʾēš* *ûqedôšô* *lelehābāh* *ûbāʿărāh* *weʾāḵelāh* *šîtô* *ûšemîrô* *beyôm* *ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - light of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*leʾēš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a fire", "*ûqedôšô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his Holy One", "*lelehābāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a flame", "*ûbāʿărāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will burn", "*weʾāḵelāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will devour", "*šîtô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his thorns", "*ûšemîrô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his briers", "*beyôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in day", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one" }, "variants": { "*ʾôr*": "light/luminary/flame", "*qādôš*": "holy one/sacred one", "*lehābāh*": "flame/blaze", "*bāʿar*": "burn/consume/kindle", "*ʾāḵal*": "eat/devour/consume", "*šît*": "thorns/thistles/briars", "*šāmîr*": "briers/thorns/brambles" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.18", "source": "וּכְבוֹד יַעְרוֹ וְכַרְמִלּוֹ מִנֶּפֶשׁ וְעַד־בָּשָׂר יְכַלֶּה וְהָיָה כִּמְסֹס נֹסֵס", "text": "*ûḵebôd* *yaʿrô* *weḵarmillô* *minnep̄eš* *weʿad*-*bāśār* *yeḵalleh* *wehāyāh* *kimsōs* *nōsēs*", "grammar": { "*ûḵebôd*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and glory of", "*yaʿrô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his forest", "*weḵarmillô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his fruitful field", "*minnep̄eš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from soul", "*weʿad*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and to", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - flesh", "*yeḵalleh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will consume/destroy", "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be", "*kimsōs*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - like melting of", "*nōsēs*": "qal participle, masculine singular - a sick person/one wasting away" }, "variants": { "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded area", "*karmel*": "fruitful field/orchard/garden land", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/person/being", "*bāśār*": "flesh/body/person", "*kālāh*": "finish/complete/destroy/consume", "*māsas*": "melting/wasting away/dissolving", "*nōsēs*": "one who is sick/standard-bearer/one wasting away" } } 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.19", "source": "וּשְׁאָר עֵץ יַעְרוֹ מִסְפָּר יִהְיוּ וְנַעַר יִכְתְּבֵם", "text": "*ûšeʾār* *ʿēṣ* *yaʿrô* *mispār* *yihyû* *wenaʿar* *yiḵtebēm*", "grammar": { "*ûšeʾār*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and remainder of", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - trees of", "*yaʿrô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his forest", "*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number/few", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*wenaʿar*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a child/youth", "*yiḵtebēm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - will write them" }, "variants": { "*šeʾār*": "remainder/remnant/residue", "*mispār*": "number/few/count", "*naʿar*": "child/youth/servant/boy", "*kātab*": "write/record/inscribe" } }
• Isa 10:25-34 : 25 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.25", "source": "כִּי־עוֹד מְעַט מִזְעָר וְכָלָה זַעַם וְאַפִּי עַל־תַּבְלִיתָם", "text": "*kî*-*ʿôd* *meʿaṭ* *mizʿār* *weḵālāh* *zaʿam* *weʾappî* *ʿal*-*tablîtām*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - yet/still", "*meʿaṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - little", "*mizʿār*": "adjective, masculine singular - very little", "*weḵālāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be completed", "*zaʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - indignation/wrath", "*weʾappî*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and my anger", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/toward", "*tablîtām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their destruction" }, "variants": { "*meʿaṭ* *mizʿār*": "very little/a very short time", "*kālāh*": "be complete/finished/accomplished", "*zaʿam*": "indignation/wrath/anger", "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/face", "*tablît*": "destruction/annihilation/consumption" } } 26 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.26", "source": "וְעוֹרֵר עָלָיו יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת שׁוֹט כְּמַכַּת מִדְיָן בְּצוּר עוֹרֵב וּמַטֵּהוּ עַל־הַיָּם וּנְשָׂאוֹ בְּדֶרֶךְ מִצְרָיִם", "text": "*weʿôrēr* *ʿālāyw* *Yhwh* *ṣebāʾôt* *šôṭ* *kemakkat* *midyān* *beṣûr* *ʿôrēb* *ûmaṭṭēhû* *ʿal*-*hayyām* *ûneśāʾô* *bedereḵ* *miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*weʿôrēr*": "waw conjunction + polel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will stir up", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ṣebāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*šôṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - whip/scourge", "*kemakkat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - like the striking of", "*midyān*": "proper noun - Midian", "*beṣûr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - at rock of", "*ʿôrēb*": "proper noun - Oreb", "*ûmaṭṭēhû*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his staff", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*hayyām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*ûneśāʾô*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he will lift it", "*bedereḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the way of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʿûr*": "stir up/awaken/rouse", "*šôṭ*": "whip/scourge/lash", "*makkāh*": "blow/striking/wound/defeat", "*ṣûr*": "rock/cliff/boulder", "*nāśāʾ*": "lift/carry/raise/bear", "*dereḵ*": "way/road/path/manner" } } 27 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.27", "source": "וְהָיָה בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יָסוּר סֻבֳּלוֹ מֵעַל שִׁכְמֶךָ וְעֻלּוֹ מֵעַל צַוָּארֶךָ וְחֻבַּל עֹל מִפְּנֵי־שָׁמֶן", "text": "*wehāyāh* *bayyôm* *hahûʾ* *yāsûr* *subŏlô* *mēʿal* *šiḵmeḵā* *weʿullô* *mēʿal* *ṣawwāreḵā* *weḥubbal* *ʿōl* *mippenê*-*šāmen*", "grammar": { "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will happen", "*bayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*yāsûr*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will depart/turn aside", "*subŏlô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his burden", "*mēʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon", "*šiḵmeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your shoulder", "*weʿullô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his yoke", "*ṣawwāreḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your neck", "*weḥubbal*": "waw conjunction + pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be destroyed", "*ʿōl*": "noun, masculine singular - yoke", "*mippenê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from before/because of", "*šāmen*": "noun, masculine singular - fatness/oil" }, "variants": { "*sûr*": "turn aside/depart/remove", "*sōbel*": "burden/load", "*ʿōl*": "yoke/burden", "*ḥābal*": "destroy/spoil/corrupt/ruin", "*šemen*": "oil/fat/fatness/richness" } } 28 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.28", "source": "בָּא עַל־עַיַּת עָבַר בְּמִגְרוֹן לְמִכְמָשׂ יַפְקִיד כֵּלָיו", "text": "*bāʾ* *ʿal*-*ʿayyat* *ʿābar* *bemigĕrôn* *lemiḵmāś* *yap̄qîd* *kēlāyw*", "grammar": { "*bāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has come", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against", "*ʿayyat*": "proper noun - Aiath", "*ʿābar*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has passed", "*bemigĕrôn*": "preposition + proper noun - through Migron", "*lemiḵmāś*": "preposition + proper noun - at Michmash", "*yap̄qîd*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he stores/deposits", "*kēlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his equipment/vessels" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "come/enter/arrive", "*ʿābar*": "pass/cross over/go through", "*pāqad*": "store/deposit/entrust/attend to", "*kēlîm*": "equipment/weapons/vessels/articles" } } 29 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.29", "source": "עָבְרוּ מַעְבָּרָה גֶּבַע מָלוֹן לָנוּ חָרְדָה הָרָמָה גִּבְעַת שָׁאוּל נָסָה", "text": "*ʿāberû* *maʿbārāh* *gebaʿ* *mālôn* *lānû* *ḥāredāh* *hārāmāh* *gibʿat* *šāʾûl* *nāsāh*", "grammar": { "*ʿāberû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have crossed over", "*maʿbārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - the pass/ford", "*gebaʿ*": "proper noun - Geba", "*mālôn*": "noun, masculine singular - lodging place", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1st person common plural suffix - for us", "*ḥāredāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - trembles", "*hārāmāh*": "definite article + proper noun - Ramah", "*gibʿat*": "proper noun, construct state - Gibeah of", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*nāsāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has fled" }, "variants": { "*ʿābar*": "cross over/pass through/go beyond", "*maʿbārāh*": "pass/ford/crossing place", "*mālôn*": "lodging place/inn/stopping place", "*ḥārad*": "tremble/be afraid/be terrified", "*nûs*": "flee/escape/take flight" } } 30 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.30", "source": "צַהֲלִי קוֹלֵךְ בַּת־גַּלִּים הַקְשִׁיבִי לַיְשָׁה עֲנִיָּה עֲנָתוֹת", "text": "*ṣahălî* *qôlēḵ* *bat*-*gallîm* *haqšîbî* *layšāh* *ʿăniyyāh* *ʿănātôt*", "grammar": { "*ṣahălî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - cry shrilly", "*qôlēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your voice", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*gallîm*": "proper noun - Gallim", "*haqšîbî*": "hiphil imperative, feminine singular - listen/pay attention", "*layšāh*": "proper noun - Laishah", "*ʿăniyyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - poor/afflicted", "*ʿănātôt*": "proper noun - Anathoth" }, "variants": { "*ṣāhal*": "cry shrilly/neigh/shout", "*qāšab*": "listen/pay attention/be attentive", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/wretched/humble" } } 31 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.31", "source": "נָדְדָה מַדְמֵנָה יֹשְׁבֵי הַגֵּבִים הֵעִיזוּ", "text": "*nāded̄āh* *madmēnāh* *yōšebê* *haggēbîm* *hēʿîzû*", "grammar": { "*nāded̄āh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has fled", "*madmēnāh*": "proper noun - Madmenah", "*yōšebê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*haggēbîm*": "definite article + proper noun - Gebim", "*hēʿîzû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - take refuge/gather for flight" }, "variants": { "*nādad*": "flee/wander/be restless", "*yōšēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*ʿûz*": "take refuge/flee for safety/gather for flight" } } 32 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.32", "source": "עוֹד הַיּוֹם בְּנֹב לַעֲמֹד יְנֹפֵף יָדוֹ הַר בַּת־צִיּוֹן גִּבְעַת יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם", "text": "*ʿôd* *hayyôm* *benōb* *laʿămōd* *yenōp̄ēp̄* *yādô* *har* *bat*-*ṣiyyôn* *gibʿat* *yerûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*ʿôd*": "adverb - yet/still", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*benōb*": "preposition + proper noun - in Nob", "*laʿămōd*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to stand", "*yenōp̄ēp̄*": "polel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shakes/waves", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*gibʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hill of", "*yerûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmad*": "stand/remain/endure", "*nûp̄*": "wave/shake/brandish", "*har*": "mountain/hill/hill country", "*gibʿāh*": "hill/height/elevation" } } 33 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.33", "source": "הִנֵּה הָאָדוֹן יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת מְסָעֵף פֻּארָה בְּמַעֲרָצָה וְרָמֵי הַקּוֹמָה גְּדוּעִים וְהַגְּבֹהִים יִשְׁפָּלוּ", "text": "*hinnēh* *hāʾādôn* *Yhwh* *ṣebāʾôt* *mesāʿēp̄* *puʾrāh* *bemaʿărāṣāh* *werāmê* *haqqômāh* *gedûʿîm* *wehaggebōhîm* *yišpālû*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*hāʾādôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the Lord", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ṣebāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*mesāʿēp̄*": "piel participle, masculine singular - lopping off", "*puʾrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - branch/bough", "*bemaʿărāṣāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - with terrifying power", "*werāmê*": "waw conjunction + adjective, masculine plural construct - and the tall ones of", "*haqqômāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the stature", "*gedûʿîm*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural - cut down/hewn down", "*wehaggebōhîm*": "waw conjunction + definite article + adjective, masculine plural - and the lofty ones", "*yišpālû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - will be humbled/brought low" }, "variants": { "*sāʿap̄*": "lop off/cut away/prune", "*puʾrāh*": "branch/bough/foliage", "*maʿărāṣāh*": "terror/terrifying power/fearful force", "*qômāh*": "height/stature/tallness", "*gādaʿ*": "cut down/hew down/chop off", "*gābōah*": "high/lofty/tall/proud", "*šāp̄al*": "be low/be humbled/be brought down" } } 34 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.34", "source": "וְנִקַּף סִבְכֵי הַיַּעַר בַּבַּרְזֶל וְהַלְּבָנוֹן בְּאַדִּיר יִפּוֹל", "text": "*weniqqap̄* *sibeḵê* *hayyaʿar* *babbarzel* *wehallebānôn* *beʾaddîr* *yippôl*", "grammar": { "*weniqqap̄*": "waw conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be cut down", "*sibeḵê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - thickets of", "*hayyaʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the forest", "*babbarzel*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the iron", "*wehallebānôn*": "waw conjunction + definite article + proper noun - and the Lebanon", "*beʾaddîr*": "preposition + adjective, masculine singular - by a mighty one", "*yippôl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will fall" }, "variants": { "*nāqap̄*": "cut down/strike down/go around", "*sōbeḵ*": "thicket/entanglement/interwoven branches", "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded area", "*barzel*": "iron/iron tool", "*ʾaddîr*": "mighty one/majestic one/powerful one", "*nāp̄al*": "fall/collapse/be cast down" } }
• Isa 14:24-27 : 24 { "verseID": "Isaiah.14.24", "source": "נִשְׁבַּ֛ע יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת לֵאמֹ֑ר אִם־לֹ֞א כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר דִּמִּ֙יתִי֙ כֵּ֣ן הָיָ֔תָה וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥ר יָעַ֖צְתִּי הִ֥יא תָקֽוּם׃", "text": "*nišbaʿ* *YHWH* *ṣǝḇāʾôt* *lēʾmōr*: If-not as *dimmîtî* so *hāyātāh*, and-as *yāʿaṣtî* it *tāqûm*.", "grammar": { "*nišbaʿ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has sworn", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*dimmîtî*": "piel perfect, 1st singular - I have planned/purposed", "*hāyātāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*yāʿaṣtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have planned/purposed", "*tāqûm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will stand/be established" }, "variants": { "*nišbaʿ*": "has sworn/has taken an oath", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*dimmîtî*": "I have planned/I have purposed/I have conceived", "*hāyātāh*": "it will be/it will happen/it will come to pass", "*yāʿaṣtî*": "I have planned/I have purposed/I have determined", "*tāqûm*": "it will stand/it will be established/it will come to pass" } } 25 { "verseID": "Isaiah.14.25", "source": "לִשְׁבֹּ֤ר אַשּׁוּר֙ בְּאַרְצִ֔י וְעַל־הָרַ֖י אֲבוּסֶ֑נּוּ וְסָ֤ר מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶם֙ עֻלּ֔וֹ וְסֻ֨בֳּל֔וֹ מֵעַ֥ל שִׁכְמ֖וֹ יָסֽוּר׃", "text": "To-*šǝbōr* *ʾaššûr* in-*ʾarṣî*, and-upon-*hāray* *ʾăḇûsennû*; and-*sār* from-upon-them *ʿullô*, and-*subŏlô* from-upon *šiḵmô* *yāsûr*.", "grammar": { "*šǝbōr*": "qal infinitive construct - break/crush", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʾarṣî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my land", "*hāray*": "masculine plural noun with 1st singular suffix - my mountains", "*ʾăḇûsennû*": "qal imperfect with suffix, 1st singular - I will trample him", "*sār*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will turn aside/depart", "*ʿullô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his yoke", "*subŏlô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his burden", "*šiḵmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his shoulder", "*yāsûr*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will turn aside/depart" }, "variants": { "*šǝbōr*": "break/crush/shatter", "*ʾăḇûsennû*": "I will trample him/I will tread him down", "*sār*": "will turn aside/will depart/will be removed", "*ʿullô*": "his yoke/his oppression", "*subŏlô*": "his burden/his load", "*yāsûr*": "will turn aside/will depart/will be removed" } } 26 { "verseID": "Isaiah.14.26", "source": "זֹ֛את הָעֵצָ֥ה הַיְּעוּצָ֖ה עַל־כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְזֹ֛את הַיָּ֥ד הַנְּטוּיָ֖ה עַל־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִֽם׃", "text": "This the-*ʿēṣāh* the-*yǝʿûṣāh* upon-all-the-*ʾāreṣ*; and-this the-*yād* the-*nǝṭûyāh* upon-all-the-*gôyim*.", "grammar": { "*ʿēṣāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the purpose/plan", "*yǝʿûṣāh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular with definite article - the purposed/planned", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth/land", "*yād*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the hand", "*nǝṭûyāh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular with definite article - the stretched out", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations" }, "variants": { "*ʿēṣāh*": "purpose/plan/counsel", "*yǝʿûṣāh*": "purposed/planned/determined", "*yād*": "hand/power/might", "*nǝṭûyāh*": "stretched out/extended/reached out" } } 27 { "verseID": "Isaiah.14.27", "source": "כִּֽי־יְהוָ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת יָעָ֖ץ וּמִ֣י יָפֵ֑ר וְיָד֥וֹ הַנְּטוּיָ֖ה וּֽמִ֥י יְשִׁיבֶֽנָּה׃", "text": "For-*YHWH* *ṣǝḇāʾôt* *yāʿāṣ*, and-who *yāp̄ēr*? And-*yādô* the-*nǝṭûyāh*, and-who *yǝšîḇennāh*?", "grammar": { "*yāʿāṣ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has purposed/planned", "*yāp̄ēr*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will annul/break", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*nǝṭûyāh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular with definite article - the stretched out", "*yǝšîḇennāh*": "hiphil imperfect with suffix, 3rd masculine singular - he will turn it back" }, "variants": { "*yāʿāṣ*": "has purposed/has planned/has determined", "*yāp̄ēr*": "will annul/will frustrate/will break/will thwart", "*nǝṭûyāh*": "stretched out/extended/reached out", "*yǝšîḇennāh*": "will turn it back/will reverse it/will restrain it" } }
• Isa 17:12-14 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.17.12", "source": "ה֗וֹי הֲמוֹן֙ עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים כַּהֲמ֥וֹת יַמִּ֖ים יֶהֱמָי֑וּן וּשְׁא֣וֹן לְאֻמִּ֔ים כִּשְׁא֛וֹן מַ֥יִם כַּבִּירִ֖ים יִשָּׁאֽוּן׃", "text": "*hôy* *hămôn* *ʿammîm* *rabbîm* like-*kahămôṯ* *yammîm* *yehĕmāyûn* *û-šəʾôn* *ləʾummîm* like-*kišʾôn* *mayim* *kabbîrîm* *yiššāʾûn*", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hămôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tumult/multitude of", "*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/great", "like-*kahămôṯ*": "preposition כְּ + Qal infinitive construct - like roaring of", "*yammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - seas", "*yehĕmāyûn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + paragogic nun - they roar", "*û-šəʾôn*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and rushing of", "*ləʾummîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples/nations", "like-*kišʾôn*": "preposition כְּ + noun, masculine singular construct - like rushing of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*kabbîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty/many", "*yiššāʾûn*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + paragogic nun - they roar/crash" }, "variants": { "*hămôn*": "tumult/multitude/roar/crowd", "*yehĕmāyûn*": "they roar/they make noise/they are tumultuous", "*šəʾôn*": "rushing/roaring/tumult", "*kabbîrîm*": "mighty/many/great/powerful", "*yiššāʾûn*": "they roar/they crash/they make noise" } } 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.17.13", "source": "לְאֻמִּ֗ים כִּשְׁא֞וֹן מַ֤יִם רַבִּים֙ יִשָּׁא֔וּן וְגָ֥עַר בּ֖וֹ וְנָ֣ס מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק וְרֻדַּ֗ף כְּמֹ֤ץ הָרִים֙ לִפְנֵי־ר֔וּחַ וּכְגַלְגַּ֖ל לִפְנֵ֥י סוּפָֽה׃", "text": "*ləʾummîm* like-*kišʾôn* *mayim* *rabbîm* *yiššāʾûn* *wə-gāʿar* in-him *wə-nās* from-*mimmerḥāq* *wə-ruddap̄* like-*kəmōṣ* *hārîm* before-*rûaḥ* *û-ḵəgalgal* before-*sûp̄āh*", "grammar": { "*ləʾummîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples/nations", "like-*kišʾôn*": "preposition כְּ + noun, masculine singular construct - like rushing of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/great", "*yiššāʾûn*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + paragogic nun - they roar/crash", "*wə-gāʿar*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will rebuke", "in-him": "preposition בְּ + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in him", "*wə-nās*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will flee", "from-*mimmerḥāq*": "preposition מִן + noun, masculine singular - from afar", "*wə-ruddap̄*": "conjunction + verb, Pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will be chased", "like-*kəmōṣ*": "preposition כְּ + noun, masculine singular construct - like chaff of", "*hārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mountains", "before-*rûaḥ*": "preposition לִפְנֵי + noun, feminine singular - before wind", "*û-ḵəgalgal*": "conjunction + preposition כְּ + noun, masculine singular - and like whirling dust/tumbleweed", "before-*sûp̄āh*": "preposition לִפְנֵי + noun, feminine singular - before storm/whirlwind" }, "variants": { "*yiššāʾûn*": "they roar/they crash/they make noise", "*gāʿar*": "rebuke/reprove/chide", "*mimmerḥāq*": "from afar/from a distance", "*ruddap̄*": "be chased/be driven/be pursued", "*mōṣ*": "chaff/straw/stubble", "*galgal*": "whirling dust/tumbleweed/wheel", "*sûp̄āh*": "storm/whirlwind/tempest" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.17.14", "source": "לְעֵ֥ת עֶ֙רֶב֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה בַלָּהָ֔ה בְּטֶ֥רֶם בֹּ֖קֶר אֵינֶ֑נּוּ זֶ֚ה חֵ֣לֶק שׁוֹסֵ֔ינוּ וְגוֹרָ֖ל לְבֹזְזֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "At-*ʿēṯ* *ʿereḇ* *wə-hinnēh* *ḇallāhāh* before *bōqer* *ʾênennû* *zeh* *ḥēleq* *šôsênû* *wə-gôrāl* *ləḇōzəzênû*", "grammar": { "At-*ʿēṯ*": "preposition לְ + noun, feminine singular construct - at time of", "*ʿereḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - evening", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*ḇallāhāh*": "noun, feminine singular - terror/distress", "before": "preposition בְּטֶרֶם - before", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular - morning", "*ʾênennû*": "particle of negation + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he is not", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion of", "*šôsênû*": "Qal participle, masculine plural + 1st common plural suffix - our plunderers", "*wə-gôrāl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and lot/portion", "*ləḇōzəzênû*": "preposition לְ + Qal participle, masculine plural + 1st common plural suffix - to our spoilers" }, "variants": { "*ʿēṯ*": "time/season/appointed time", "*ʿereḇ*": "evening/night", "*ḇallāhāh*": "terror/distress/sudden destruction", "*ʾênennû*": "he is not/it is no more/they are gone", "*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/territory", "*šôsênû*": "our plunderers/those who spoil us", "*gôrāl*": "lot/portion/share", "*ləḇōzəzênû*": "to our spoilers/to those who plunder us" } }
• Isa 27:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.27.9", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן בְּזֹאת֙ יְכֻפַּ֣ר עֲוֺֽן־יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְזֶ֕ה כָּל־פְּרִ֖י הָסִ֣ר חַטָּאת֑וֹ בְּשׂוּמ֣וֹ ׀ כָּל־אַבְנֵ֣י מִזְבֵּ֗חַ כְּאַבְנֵי־גִר֙ מְנֻפָּצ֔וֹת לֹֽא־יָקֻ֥מוּ אֲשֵׁרִ֖ים וְחַמָּנִֽים׃", "text": "Therefore in-*zōʾt* *yĕkuppar* *ʿăwōn*-*Yaʿăqōb* and-*zeh* all-*pĕrî* *hāsir* *ḥaṭṭāʾtô* in-*śûmô* all-*ʾabnê* *mizbēaḥ* like-*ʾabnê*-*gir* *mĕnuppāṣôt* not-*yāqûmû* *ʾăšērîm* and-*ḥammānîm*", "grammar": { "*zōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*yĕkuppar*": "Pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be atoned for", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct noun - iniquity of", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*pĕrî*": "masculine singular construct noun - fruit of", "*hāsir*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - removing", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sin", "*śûmô*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his making/placing", "*ʾabnê*": "feminine plural construct noun - stones of", "*mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - altar", "*ʾabnê*": "feminine plural construct noun - stones of", "*gir*": "masculine singular noun - chalk/limestone", "*mĕnuppāṣôt*": "Pual participle, feminine plural - shattered/broken in pieces", "*yāqûmû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will rise/stand", "*ʾăšērîm*": "masculine plural noun - Asherim/sacred poles", "*ḥammānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sun-pillars/incense altars" }, "variants": { "*yĕkuppar*": "will be atoned for/will be expiated/will be covered", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*pĕrî*": "fruit/result/outcome", "*hāsir*": "removing/taking away", "*mĕnuppāṣôt*": "shattered/crushed/broken to pieces", "*ʾăšērîm*": "Asherim/sacred poles/idolatrous images", "*ḥammānîm*": "sun-pillars/incense altars/idolatrous objects" } }
• Isa 28:21-22 : 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.28.21", "source": "כִּי כְהַר־פְּרָצִים יָקוּם יְהוָה כְּעֵמֶק בְּגִבְעוֹן יִרְגָּז לַעֲשׂוֹת מַעֲשֵׂהוּ זָר מַעֲשֵׂהוּ וְלַעֲבֹד עֲבֹדָתוֹ נָכְרִיָּה עֲבֹדָתוֹ", "text": "For like-*har*-*pərāṣîm* *yāqûm* *YHWH* like-*ʿēmeq* in-*ḡiḇʿôn* *yirəgāz* to-*laʿăśôṯ* *maʿăśēhû* *zār* *maʿăśēhû* and-to-*laʿăḇōḏ* *ʿăḇōḏāṯô* *nāḵəriyyāh* *ʿăḇōḏāṯô*", "grammar": { "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*pərāṣîm*": "proper noun - Perazim", "*yāqûm*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will rise", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʿēmeq*": "masculine singular noun - valley", "*ḡiḇʿôn*": "proper noun - Gibeon", "*yirəgāz*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be agitated", "*laʿăśôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to do", "*maʿăśēhû*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his work", "*zār*": "masculine singular adjective - strange", "*maʿăśēhû*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his work", "*laʿăḇōḏ*": "qal infinitive construct - to work", "*ʿăḇōḏāṯô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his work", "*nāḵəriyyāh*": "feminine singular adjective - strange/foreign", "*ʿăḇōḏāṯô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his work" }, "variants": { "*yāqûm*": "will rise/will stand/will arise", "*yirəgāz*": "will be agitated/will tremble/will be in wrath", "*zār*": "strange/foreign/alien", "*nāḵəriyyāh*": "strange/foreign/alien" } } 22 { "verseID": "Isaiah.28.22", "source": "וְעַתָּה אַל־תִּתְלוֹצָצוּ פֶּן־יֶחְזְקוּ מוֹסְרֵיכֶם כִּי־כָלָה וְנֶחֱרָצָה שָׁמַעְתִּי מֵאֵת אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה צְבָאוֹת עַל־כָּל־הָאָרֶץ", "text": "And-now not-*tiṯlôṣāṣû* lest-*yeḥzəqû* *môsərêḵem* for-*ḵālāh* and-*neḥĕrāṣāh* *šāmaʿtî* from-*ʾēṯ* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* upon-all-*hāʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*tiṯlôṣāṣû*": "hitpael imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you scoff", "*yeḥzəqû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they become strong", "*môsərêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your bonds", "*ḵālāh*": "feminine singular noun - complete destruction", "*neḥĕrāṣāh*": "niphal participle feminine singular - determined", "*šāmaʿtî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I have heard", "*ʾēṯ*": "preposition - from", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*tiṯlôṣāṣû*": "you scoff/you mock/you scorn", "*yeḥzəqû*": "become strong/be strengthened", "*môsərêḵem*": "your bonds/your chains/your fetters", "*ḵālāh*": "complete destruction/consumption/annihilation", "*neḥĕrāṣāh*": "determined/decreed/decided" } }
• Isa 29:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.7", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כַּֽחֲלוֹם֙ חֲז֣וֹן לַ֔יְלָה הֲמוֹן֙ כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם הַצֹּבְאִ֖ים עַל־אֲרִיאֵ֑ל וְכָל־צֹבֶ֙יהָ֙ וּמְצֹ֣דָתָ֔הּ וְהַמְּצִיקִ֖ים לָֽהּ", "text": "*wĕ-hāyāh* like-*ḥălôm* *ḥăzôn* *laylāh* *hămôn* all-*ha-gôyim* *ha-ṣōḇĕʾîm* against-*ʾărîʾēl* and-all-*ṣōḇeyhā* and-*mĕṣōdātāh* and-*ha-mĕṣîqîm* to-her", "grammar": { "*wĕ-hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*ka-ḥălôm*": "preposition kaph + noun, masculine singular - like a dream", "*ḥăzôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - vision of", "*laylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*hămôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - multitude/crowd of", "*kol-ha-gôyim*": "particle kol + definite article + noun, masculine plural - all the nations", "*ha-ṣōḇĕʾîm*": "definite article + verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones warring/fighting", "*ʿal-ʾărîʾēl*": "preposition ʿal + proper noun - against Ariel", "*wĕ-ḵol-ṣōḇeyhā*": "conjunction waw + particle kol + verb, qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and all her fighters/attackers", "*ū-mĕṣōdātāh*": "conjunction waw + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her fortress/stronghold", "*wĕ-ha-mĕṣîqîm*": "conjunction waw + definite article + verb, hiphil participle, masculine plural - and the ones causing distress", "*lāh*": "preposition lamed + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her" }, "variants": { "*ḥălôm*": "dream/dreaming", "*ḥăzôn*": "vision/revelation", "*hămôn*": "multitude/crowd/tumult", "*ṣōḇĕʾîm*": "warring/fighting/attacking", "*ṣōḇeyhā*": "her fighters/attackers/besiegers", "*mĕṣōdātāh*": "her fortress/stronghold/siege works", "*mĕṣîqîm*": "ones causing distress/afflicting/harassing" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.8", "source": "וְהָיָ֡ה כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ יַחֲלֹ֨ם הָרָעֵ֜ב וְהִנֵּ֣ה אוֹכֵ֗ל וְהֵקִיץ֮ וְרֵיקָ֣ה נַפְשׁוֹ֒ וְכַאֲשֶׁ֨ר יַחֲלֹ֤ם הַצָּמֵא֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה שֹׁתֶ֔ה וְהֵקִיץ֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה עָיֵ֔ף וְנַפְשׁ֖וֹ שׁוֹקֵקָ֑ה כֵּ֣ן יִֽהְיֶ֗ה הֲמוֹן֙ כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם הַצֹּבְאִ֖ים עַל־הַ֥ר צִיּֽוֹן", "text": "*wĕ-hāyāh* like-when *yaḥălōm* *hā-rāʿēḇ* and-behold *ʾôḵēl* *wĕ-hēqîṣ* and-*rêqāh* *nap̱šô* and-like-when *yaḥălōm* *ha-ṣṣāmēʾ* and-behold *šōteh* *wĕ-hēqîṣ* and-behold *ʿāyēp̱* and-*nap̱šô* *šôqēqāh* thus *yihyeh* *hămôn* all-*ha-gôyim* *ha-ṣṣōḇĕʾîm* against-*har ṣiyyôn*", "grammar": { "*wĕ-hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "compound conjunction - like when/just as", "*yaḥălōm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he dreams", "*hā-rāʿēḇ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the hungry one", "*wĕ-hinnēh*": "conjunction waw + particle - and behold", "*ʾôḵēl*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - eating", "*wĕ-hēqîṣ*": "conjunction waw + verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he awakens", "*wĕ-rêqāh*": "conjunction waw + adjective, feminine singular - and empty", "*nap̱šô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul/appetite", "*wĕ-ḵa-ʾăšer*": "conjunction waw + compound conjunction - and like when/just as", "*yaḥălōm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he dreams", "*ha-ṣṣāmēʾ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the thirsty one", "*wĕ-hinnēh*": "conjunction waw + particle - and behold", "*šōteh*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - drinking", "*wĕ-hēqîṣ*": "conjunction waw + verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he awakens", "*wĕ-hinnēh*": "conjunction waw + particle - and behold", "*ʿāyēp̱*": "adjective, masculine singular - faint/weary", "*wĕ-nap̱šô*": "conjunction waw + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his soul/throat", "*šôqēqāh*": "verb, qal participle, feminine singular - longing/thirsting", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*hămôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - multitude of", "*kol-ha-gôyim*": "particle kol + definite article + noun, masculine plural - all the nations", "*ha-ṣṣōḇĕʾîm*": "definite article + verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones warring/fighting", "*ʿal-har*": "preposition ʿal + noun, masculine singular construct - against mountain of", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion" }, "variants": { "*yaḥălōm*": "dreams/will dream", "*rāʿēḇ*": "hungry one/starving one", "*ʾôḵēl*": "eating/consuming", "*hēqîṣ*": "awakens/wakes up", "*rêqāh*": "empty/void/unsatisfied", "*nap̱šô*": "his soul/appetite/throat/desire", "*ṣāmēʾ*": "thirsty one/parched one", "*šōteh*": "drinking/imbibing", "*ʿāyēp̱*": "faint/weary/tired", "*šôqēqāh*": "longing/thirsting/yearning", "*hămôn*": "multitude/crowd/throng", "*ṣōḇĕʾîm*": "warring/fighting/attacking" } }
• Isa 30:30-33 : 30 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.30", "source": "וְהִשְׁמִיעַ יְהוָה אֶת־הוֹד קוֹלוֹ וְנַחַת זְרוֹעוֹ יַרְאֶה בְּזַעַף אַף וְלַהַב אֵשׁ אוֹכֵלָה נֶפֶץ וָזֶרֶם וְאֶבֶן בָּרָד׃", "text": "And *Yhwh* will cause to *hišmîaʿ* *ʾet* [the] *hôd* of his *qôlô*, and [the] descending of his *zerôʿô* he will cause to *yarʾeh* in *zaʿap* of *ʾap* and [the] flame of *ʾēš* *ʾôḵēlâ*, *nepeṣ* and *zerem* and stone of *bārād*.", "grammar": { "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*hišmîaʿ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he caused to hear", "*hôd*": "masculine singular construct - majesty/splendor of", "*qôlô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his voice", "*zerôʿô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his arm", "*yarʾeh*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will cause to see", "*zaʿap*": "masculine singular construct - indignation/rage of", "*ʾap*": "masculine singular noun - nose/anger", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*ʾôḵēlâ*": "qal participle feminine singular - consuming/devouring", "*nepeṣ*": "masculine singular noun - scattering/dispersion", "*zerem*": "masculine singular noun - downpour/flood", "*bārād*": "masculine singular noun - hail" }, "variants": { "*hišmîaʿ*": "he caused to hear/made heard/let be heard", "*hôd*": "majesty/splendor/glory of", "*qôlô*": "his voice/sound", "*zerôʿô*": "his arm/strength/power", "*yarʾeh*": "he will cause to see/show/display", "*zaʿap*": "indignation/rage/fury of", "*ʾap*": "nose/anger/wrath", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*ʾôḵēlâ*": "consuming/devouring/eating", "*nepeṣ*": "scattering/dispersion/storm", "*zerem*": "downpour/flood/cloudburst", "*bārād*": "hail/hailstones" } } 31 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.31", "source": "כִּי־מִקּוֹל יְהוָה יֵחַת אַשּׁוּר בַּשֵּׁבֶט יַכֶּה׃", "text": "For from [the] *qôl* of *Yhwh* shall *yēḥat* *ʾaššûr*; with the *šēbeṭ* he will *yakkeh*.", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice/sound of", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*yēḥat*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will be shattered", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*šēbeṭ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the rod/staff", "*yakkeh*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will strike" }, "variants": { "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise of", "*yēḥat*": "he will be shattered/dismayed/broken", "*ʾaššûr*": "Assyria (empire/nation)", "*šēbeṭ*": "the rod/staff/stick", "*yakkeh*": "he will strike/smite/hit" } } 32 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.32", "source": "וְהָיָה כֹּל מַעֲבַר מַטֵּה מוּסָדָה אֲשֶׁר יָנִיחַ יְהוָה עָלָיו בְּתֻפִּים וּבְכִנֹּרוֹת וּבְמִלְחֲמוֹת תְּנוּפָה נִלְחַם־בה בָּם׃", "text": "And it shall *hāyâ*, every passing of [the] *maṭṭēh* of *mûsādâ* which *Yhwh* shall cause to *yānîaḥ* upon him [shall be] with *tuppîm* and with *ḵinnōrôt*; and in battles of *tenûpâ* he *nilḥam* with them.", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it was/became", "*maṭṭēh*": "masculine singular construct - rod/staff of", "*mûsādâ*": "feminine singular passive participle - appointed/decreed", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*yānîaḥ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will cause to rest", "*tuppîm*": "masculine plural noun - tambourines/drums", "*ḵinnōrôt*": "masculine plural noun - lyres/harps", "*tenûpâ*": "feminine singular noun - waving/brandishing", "*nilḥam*": "niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he fought" }, "variants": { "*hāyâ*": "it was/became/will be", "*maṭṭēh*": "rod/staff/stick of", "*mûsādâ*": "appointed/decreed/destined", "*yānîaḥ*": "he will cause to rest/lay/bring down", "*tuppîm*": "tambourines/drums/timbrels", "*ḵinnōrôt*": "lyres/harps (stringed instruments)", "*tenûpâ*": "waving/brandishing/shaking", "*nilḥam*": "he fought/battled/waged war" } } 33 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.33", "source": "כִּי־עָרוּךְ מֵאֶתְמוּל תָּפְתֶּה גַם־הוא הִיא לַמֶּלֶךְ הוּכָן הֶעְמִיק הִרְחִב מְדֻרָתָהּ אֵשׁ וְעֵצִים הַרְבֵּה נִשְׁמַת יְהוָה כְּנַחַל גָּפְרִית בֹּעֲרָה בָּהּ׃", "text": "For prepared long ago [is] *tāpteh*, also *hîʾ* for the *meleḵ* is prepared, he made deep, he made wide, its *medurātāh* [with] fire and wood in abundance; [the] *nišmat* of *Yhwh* like a *naḥal* of *goperît* *bōʿărâ* in it.", "grammar": { "*tāpteh*": "proper noun - Topheth/place of burning", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - she/it", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*medurātāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its pile/pyre", "*nišmat*": "feminine singular construct - breath of", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*naḥal*": "masculine singular construct - stream/torrent of", "*goperît*": "feminine singular noun - brimstone/sulfur", "*bōʿărâ*": "qal participle feminine singular - burning" }, "variants": { "*tāpteh*": "Topheth/place of burning/fire-pit", "*hîʾ*": "she/it (emphatic)", "*meleḵ*": "the king/ruler/sovereign", "*medurātāh*": "its pile/pyre/place of burning", "*nišmat*": "breath/spirit of", "*naḥal*": "stream/torrent/wadi of", "*goperît*": "brimstone/sulfur", "*bōʿărâ*": "burning/kindling/setting on fire" } }
• Isa 31:5-9 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.31.5", "source": "כְּצִפֳּרִים עָפוֹת כֵּן יָגֵן יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָם גָּנוֹן וְהִצִּיל פָּסֹחַ וְהִמְלִיט", "text": "Like *ṣippŏrim* *ʿāp̄ôt* so *yāgēn* *Yhwh* *ṣᵉḇāʾôt* upon *Yᵉrûšālāyim* *gānôn* and *hiṣṣîl* *pāsōaḥ* and *himliṭ*", "grammar": { "*ṣippŏrim*": "noun, feminine plural - birds", "*ʿāp̄ôt*": "participle, feminine plural, qal - flying", "*yāgēn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he protects", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ṣᵉḇāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*Yᵉrûšālāyim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*gānôn*": "infinitive absolute, qal - protecting", "*hiṣṣîl*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he delivers", "*pāsōaḥ*": "infinitive absolute, qal - passing over", "*himliṭ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he rescues" }, "variants": { "*ṣippŏrim*": "birds/sparrows", "*ʿāp̄ôt*": "flying/hovering", "*yāgēn*": "protects/shields/defends", "*gānôn*": "protecting/shielding (emphatic)", "*hiṣṣîl*": "delivers/saves/rescues", "*pāsōaḥ*": "passing over/sparing", "*himliṭ*": "rescues/delivers/saves" } } 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.31.6", "source": "שׁוּבוּ לַאֲשֶׁר הֶעְמִיקוּ סָרָה בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל", "text": "*Šûḇû* to that *heʿmîqû* *sārâ* *bᵉnê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*Šûḇû*": "imperative, masculine plural, qal - return", "*heʿmîqû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, hiphil - they made deep", "*sārâ*": "noun, feminine singular - rebellion", "*bᵉnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*Šûḇû*": "return/turn back/repent", "*heʿmîqû*": "made deep/made profound/went deep into", "*sārâ*": "rebellion/apostasy/revolt" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.31.7", "source": "כִּי בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִמְאָסוּן אִישׁ אֱלִילֵי כַסְפּוֹ וֶאֱלִילֵי זְהָבוֹ אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ לָכֶם יְדֵיכֶם חֵטְא", "text": "For in the *yôm* the *hûʾ* *yimʾāsûn* *ʾîš* *ʾᵉlîlê* *kaspô* and *ʾᵉlîlê* *zᵉhāḇô* which *ʿāśû* to you *yᵉḏêḵem* *ḥēṭᵉʾ*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - that", "*yimʾāsûn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal with paragogic nun - they reject", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each man", "*ʾᵉlîlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of", "*kaspô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his silver", "*ʾᵉlîlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of", "*zᵉhāḇô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his gold", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they made", "*yᵉḏêḵem*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your hands", "*ḥēṭᵉʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - sin" }, "variants": { "*yimʾāsûn*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*ʾîš*": "man/each man/everyone", "*ʾᵉlîlê*": "idols/false gods/worthless things", "*ʿāśû*": "made/created/fashioned", "*ḥēṭᵉʾ*": "sin/offense/wrongdoing" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.31.8", "source": "וְנָפַל אַשּׁוּר בְּחֶרֶב לֹא־אִישׁ וְחֶרֶב לֹא־אָדָם תֹּאכֲלֶנּוּ וְנָס לוֹ מִפְּנֵי־חֶרֶב וּבַחוּרָיו לָמַס יִהְיוּ", "text": "And *nāp̄al* *ʾAššûr* by *ḥereḇ* not-*ʾîš* and *ḥereḇ* not-*ʾāḏām* *tōʾḵᵃlennû* and *nās* to him from *pᵉnê*-*ḥereḇ* and *baḥûrāyw* for *mas* *yihyû*", "grammar": { "*nāp̄al*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he falls", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine singular - human", "*tōʾḵᵃlennû*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it will devour him", "*nās*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he flees", "*pᵉnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*baḥûrāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his young men", "*mas*": "noun, masculine singular - forced labor/tribute", "*yihyû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they will be" }, "variants": { "*nāp̄al*": "falls/comes down/collapses", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/weapon", "*tōʾḵᵃlennû*": "will devour him/consume him/eat him", "*nās*": "flees/escapes/retreats", "*baḥûrāyw*": "his young men/his chosen ones", "*mas*": "forced labor/tribute/vassalage", "*yihyû*": "they will be/become/exist" } } 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.31.9", "source": "וְסַלְעוֹ מִמָּגוֹר יַעֲבוֹר וְחַתּוּ מִנֵּס שָׂרָיו נְאֻם־יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר־אוּר לוֹ בְּצִיּוֹן וְתַנּוּר לוֹ בִּירוּשָׁלִָם", "text": "And *salʿô* from *māgôr* *yaʿᵃḇôr* and *ḥattû* from *nēs* *śārāyw* *nᵉʾum*-*Yhwh* who *ʾûr* to him in *Ṣiyyôn* and *tannûr* to him in *Yᵉrûšālāyim*", "grammar": { "*salʿô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his rock", "*māgôr*": "noun, masculine singular - terror/fear", "*yaʿᵃḇôr*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he passes", "*ḥattû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they are terrified", "*nēs*": "noun, masculine singular - banner/standard", "*śārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his princes", "*nᵉʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾûr*": "noun, masculine singular - fire/light", "*Ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*tannûr*": "noun, masculine singular - furnace/oven", "*Yᵉrûšālāyim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*salʿô*": "his rock/cliff/stronghold", "*māgôr*": "terror/fear/dread", "*yaʿᵃḇôr*": "passes/passes away/crosses over", "*ḥattû*": "are terrified/dismayed/frightened", "*nēs*": "banner/standard/signal", "*śārāyw*": "his princes/officials/commanders", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*ʾûr*": "fire/light/flame", "*tannûr*": "furnace/oven/firepot" } }
• Isa 37:36-38 : 36 { "verseID": "Isaiah.37.36", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֣א ׀ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֗ה וַיַּכֶּה֙ בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה אַשּׁ֔וּר מֵאָ֛ה וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה אָ֑לֶף וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣ימוּ בַבֹּ֔קֶר וְהִנֵּ֥ה כֻלָּ֖ם פְּגָרִ֥ים מֵתִֽים׃", "text": "And-*yēṣēʾ* *malʾak* *YHWH* and-*yakkeh* in-*maḥănēh* *ʾAššûr* one-hundred and-eighty and-five *ʾālef* and-*yaškîmû* in-the-*bōqer* and-behold all-of-them *pegārîm* *mētîm*.", "grammar": { "*yēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went out", "*malʾak*": "masculine noun, construct state - messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yakkeh*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he struck/smote", "*maḥănēh*": "masculine noun - camp/army", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʾālef*": "masculine noun - thousand", "*yaškîmû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they rose early", "*bōqer*": "masculine noun - morning", "*pegārîm*": "masculine plural noun - corpses/dead bodies", "*mētîm*": "masculine plural adjective - dead" }, "variants": { "*yēṣēʾ*": "went out/came forth/departed", "*malʾak*": "messenger/angel/envoy", "*yakkeh*": "struck/smote/slew", "*maḥănēh*": "camp/army/host", "*yaškîmû*": "rose early/awoke early/got up early", "*bōqer*": "morning/dawn", "*pegārîm*": "corpses/dead bodies/carcasses" } } 37 { "verseID": "Isaiah.37.37", "source": "וַיִּסַּ֣ע וַיֵּ֔לֶךְ וַיָּ֖שָׁב סַנְחֵרִ֣יב מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֑וּר וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּנִֽינְוֵֽה׃", "text": "And-*yissaʿ* and-*yēlek* and-*yāšāb* *Sanḥērîb* king-of-*ʾAššûr* and-*yēšeb* in-*Nînewēh*.", "grammar": { "*yissaʿ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he journeyed/departed", "*yēlek*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went", "*yāšāb*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he returned", "*Sanḥērîb*": "proper noun - Sennacherib", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*yēšeb*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he dwelled/settled", "*Nînewēh*": "proper noun - Nineveh" }, "variants": { "*yissaʿ*": "journeyed/departed/broke camp", "*yēlek*": "went/walked/proceeded", "*yāšāb*": "returned/went back/turned back", "*yēšeb*": "dwelled/settled/stayed" } } 38 { "verseID": "Isaiah.37.38", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ ה֨וּא מִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֜ה בֵּ֣ית ׀ נִסְרֹ֣ךְ אֱלֹהָ֗יו וְֽאַדְרַמֶּ֨לֶךְ וְשַׂרְאֶ֤צֶר בָּנָיו֙ הִכֻּ֣הוּ בַחֶ֔רֶב וְהֵ֥מָּה נִמְלְט֖וּ אֶ֣רֶץ אֲרָרָ֑ט וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ אֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ן בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃", "text": "And-*wayehî* he *mištaḥăweh* house-of *Nisrōk* his-god and-*ʾAdrammelek* and-*Śarʾeṣer* his-sons *hikkuhû* with-the-sword and-they *nimleṭû* land-of *ʾĂrārāṭ* and-*yimlōk* *ʾĒsar-Ḥaddōn* his-son in-his-place.", "grammar": { "*wayehî*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it came to pass", "*mištaḥăweh*": "Hishtaphel participle, masculine singular - worshiping/bowing down", "*Nisrōk*": "proper noun - Nisroch", "*ʾAdrammelek*": "proper noun - Adrammelech", "*Śarʾeṣer*": "proper noun - Sharezer", "*hikkuhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they struck him", "*nimleṭû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd plural - they escaped", "*ʾĂrārāṭ*": "proper noun - Ararat", "*yimlōk*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he reigned", "*ʾĒsar-Ḥaddōn*": "proper noun - Esarhaddon" }, "variants": { "*mištaḥăweh*": "worshiping/bowing down/prostrating himself", "*hikkuhû*": "struck him/slew him/killed him", "*nimleṭû*": "escaped/fled/got away", "*yimlōk*": "reigned/became king/ruled" } }
• Isa 46:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.10", "source": "מַגִּ֤יד מֵֽרֵאשִׁית֙ אַחֲרִ֔ית וּמִקֶּ֖דֶם אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־נַעֲשׂ֑וּ אֹמֵר֙ עֲצָתִ֣י תָק֔וּם וְכָל־חֶפְצִ֖י אֶעֱשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "*maggid* from-*rēʾšît ʾaḥărît* and-from-*qedem* which *lōʾ-naʿăśû*; *ʾōmēr ʿăṣātî tāqûm* wə-all-*ḥepṣî ʾeʿĕśeh*.", "grammar": { "*maggid*": "participle, masculine, singular, hiphil - declaring/telling", "*rēʾšît*": "noun, feminine, singular - beginning", "*ʾaḥărît*": "noun, feminine, singular - end/outcome", "*qedem*": "noun, masculine, singular - ancient times/east", "*naʿăśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they were done", "*ʾōmēr*": "participle, masculine, singular - saying", "*ʿăṣātî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st singular suffix - my counsel/advice", "*tāqûm*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will stand", "*ḥepṣî*": "noun, masculine, singular + 1st singular suffix - my pleasure/desire", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will do" }, "variants": { "*maggid*": "declaring/telling/announcing/proclaiming", "*rēʾšît*": "beginning/first/starting point", "*ʾaḥărît*": "end/outcome/latter time/future", "*qedem*": "ancient times/east/front/formerly", "*ʾōmēr*": "saying/speaking/declaring", "*ʿăṣātî*": "my counsel/my advice/my plan/my purpose", "*tāqûm*": "will stand/will be established/will come to pass", "*ḥepṣî*": "my pleasure/my desire/my delight/my purpose" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.11", "source": "קֹרֵ֤א מִמִּזְרָח֙ עַ֔יִט מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מֶרְחָ֖ק אִ֣ישׁ *עצתו **עֲצָתִ֑י אַף־דִּבַּ֙רְתִּי֙ אַף־אֲבִיאֶ֔נָּה יָצַ֖רְתִּי אַף־אֶעֱשֶֽׂנָּה׃", "text": "*qōrēʾ* from-*mizrāḥ ʿayiṭ* from-*ʾereṣ merḥāq ʾîš ʿăṣātî*; indeed-*dibbartî* indeed-*ʾăbîʾennāh*, *yāṣartî* indeed-*ʾeʿĕśennāh*.", "grammar": { "*qōrēʾ*": "participle, masculine, singular - calling", "*mizrāḥ*": "noun, masculine, singular - east/rising (of sun)", "*ʿayiṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular - bird of prey/eagle", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - land of", "*merḥāq*": "noun, masculine, singular - distance/far country", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular - man", "*ʿăṣātî*": "noun, feminine, singular + 1st singular suffix - my counsel/purpose", "*dibbartî*": "perfect, 1st singular, piel - I have spoken", "*ʾăbîʾennāh*": "imperfect, 1st singular, hiphil + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I will bring it", "*yāṣartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I have formed/planned", "*ʾeʿĕśennāh*": "imperfect, 1st singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I will do it" }, "variants": { "*qōrēʾ*": "calling/summoning/inviting", "*mizrāḥ*": "east/rising (of sun)/eastern place", "*ʿayiṭ*": "bird of prey/eagle/vulture", "*merḥāq*": "distance/far country/remote place", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/one", "*ʿăṣātî*": "my counsel/my purpose/my plan", "*dibbartî*": "I have spoken/I have declared/I have promised", "*ʾăbîʾennāh*": "I will bring it/I will bring it about/I will cause it to come", "*yāṣartî*": "I have formed/I have planned/I have purposed", "*ʾeʿĕśennāh*": "I will do it/I will accomplish it/I will perform it" } }
• Isa 50:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.50.11", "source": "הֵ֧ן כֻּלְּכֶ֛ם קֹ֥דְחֵי אֵ֖שׁ מְאַזְּרֵ֣י זִיק֑וֹת לְכ֣וּ ׀ בְּא֣וּר אֶשְׁכֶ֗ם וּבְזִיקוֹת֙ בִּֽעַרְתֶּ֔ם מִיָּדִי֙ הָיְתָה־זֹּ֣את לָכֶ֔ם לְמַעֲצֵבָ֖ה תִּשְׁכָּבֽוּן׃", "text": "*hēn* all of you *qōḏḥê* *ʾēš* *məʾazzərê* *zîqôṯ*, *ləḵû* in the *ʾûr* your *ʾešḵem* and in the *zîqôṯ* you have *biʿartem*. From my *yāḏî* *hāyṯâ*-this for you, for *maʿăṣēḇâ* you *tišḵāḇûn*.", "grammar": { "*hēn*": "demonstrative particle - behold/indeed", "*qōḏḥê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - kindlers of", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*məʾazzərê*": "piel participle, masculine plural construct - girders/equippers of", "*zîqôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - firebrands/sparks", "*ləḵû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go/walk", "*ʾûr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - light/flame", "*ʾešḵem*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fire", "*biʿartem*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you have kindled/lit", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person suffix - my hand", "*hāyṯâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it has happened/become", "*maʿăṣēḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - pain/torment", "*tišḵāḇûn*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural + paragogic nun - you will lie down" }, "variants": { "*hēn*": "behold/indeed/look", "*qōḏḥê*": "kindlers of/lighters of", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*məʾazzərê*": "girders of/equippers of/those who arm themselves with", "*zîqôṯ*": "firebrands/sparks/flaming arrows", "*ləḵû*": "go/walk/proceed", "*ʾûr*": "light/flame/illumination", "*biʿartem*": "you have kindled/you have lit/you have set on fire", "*hāyṯâ*": "it has happened/it has become/it has come to be", "*maʿăṣēḇâ*": "pain/torment/sorrow", "*tišḵāḇûn*": "you will lie down/you will rest" } }
• Isa 65:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.65.7", "source": "עֲ֠וֺנֹתֵיכֶם וַעֲוֺנֹ֨ת אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֤ם יַחְדָּו֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר קִטְּרוּ֙ עַל־הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים וְעַל־הַגְּבָע֖וֹת חֵרְפ֑וּנִי וּמַדֹּתִ֧י פְעֻלָּתָ֛ם רִֽאשֹׁנָ֖ה *על־**אֶל־חֵיקָֽם׃", "text": "*ʿavonoteykem* and-*ʿavonot* *ʾavoteykem* *yahdaw* *ʾamar* *YHWH* that *qitteru* on-the-*harim* and-on-the-*gevaʿot* *herpuni* and-*maddoti* *peʿullatam* *rishonah* to-*heqam*", "grammar": { "*ʿavonoteykem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your iniquities", "*ʿavonot*": "masculine plural construct - iniquities of", "*ʾavoteykem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*yahdaw*": "adverb - together", "*ʾamar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*qitteru*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they burned incense", "*harim*": "masculine plural noun - mountains", "*gevaʿot*": "feminine plural noun - hills", "*herpuni*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they reproached me", "*maddoti*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will measure", "*peʿullatam*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their work/deed", "*rishonah*": "adjective, feminine singular - first/former", "*heqam*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bosom" }, "variants": { "*ʿavonoteykem*": "your iniquities/your sins/your guilts", "*ʿavonot*": "iniquities of/sins of/guilts of", "*ʾavoteykem*": "your fathers/your ancestors/your forefathers", "*yahdaw*": "together/jointly/at once", "*qitteru*": "they burned incense/they made smoke offerings/they fumigated", "*harim*": "mountains/hills/heights", "*gevaʿot*": "hills/heights", "*herpuni*": "they reproached me/they blasphemed me/they defied me", "*maddoti*": "I will measure/I will mete out/I will repay", "*peʿullatam*": "their work/their deed/their action", "*rishonah*": "first/former/previous", "*heqam*": "their bosom/their lap/their chest" } }