Verse 1

{ "verseID": "John.10.1", "source": "¶Ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν, Ὁ μὴ εἰσερχόμενος διὰ τῆς θύρας εἰς τὴν αὐλὴν τῶν προβάτων, ἀλλὰ ἀναβαίνων ἀλλαχόθεν, ἐκεῖνος κλέπτης ἐστὶν καὶ λῃστής.", "text": "*Amēn, amēn*, *legō* to you, the one not *eiserchomenos* through the *thyras* into the *aulēn* of the *probatōn*, but *anabainōn* *allachothen*, that one *kleptēs estin* and *lēstēs*.", "grammar": { "*Amēn*": "Hebrew term used as emphatic affirmation - truly/verily/amen", "*legō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I say/tell/speak", "*eiserchomenos*": "present middle participle, masculine nominative singular - entering/going in", "*thyras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - door/gate", "*aulēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - court/fold/enclosure", "*probatōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of sheep", "*anabainōn*": "present active participle, masculine nominative singular - climbing up/ascending", "*allachothen*": "adverb - from elsewhere/another way", "*kleptēs estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is a thief", "*lēstēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - robber/bandit" }, "variants": { "*Amēn*": "truly/verily/amen", "*legō*": "say/speak/tell", "*eiserchomenos*": "entering/going in", "*thyras*": "door/gate/entrance", "*aulēn*": "courtyard/fold/enclosure", "*probatōn*": "sheep", "*anabainōn*": "climbing up/ascending", "*allachothen*": "from elsewhere/by another way", "*kleptēs*": "thief/stealer", "*lēstēs*": "robber/bandit/plunderer" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Sannelig, sannelig, jeg sier dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til fårfoldet, men klatrer opp på en annen måte, han er en tyv og en røver.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Sannelig, sannelig, sier jeg dere, den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauefokken, men går opp en annen vei, han er en tyv og røver.

• Norsk King James

  Sannelig, jeg sier dere, den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauefoldet, men klatrer opp en annen vei, er en tyv og røver.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Sannelig, sannelig sier jeg dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauene, men klatrer over et annet sted, han er en tyv og en røver.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Sannelig, sannelig, sier jeg dere, Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til saueflokken, men klatrer opp en annen vei, han er en tyv og en røver.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Sannelig, sannelig, jeg sier dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til fåreflokken, men klatrer over et annet sted, han er en tyv og en røver.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Sannelig, sannelig, jeg sier dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til saueinnhegningen, men klatrer over et annet sted, han er en tyv og en røver.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Sannelig, sannelig, jeg sier dere: Den som ikke kommer inn gjennom døren til sauefoldet, men sniker seg inn på en annen vei, er en tyv og en røver.

• gpt4.5-preview

  Sannelig, sannelig sier jeg dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauekveen, men klatrer opp en annen vei, han er en tyv og en røver.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Sannelig, sannelig sier jeg dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauekveen, men klatrer opp en annen vei, han er en tyv og en røver.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Sannelig, sannelig, sier jeg dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauenes innhegning, men klatrer over et annet sted, han er en tyv og en røver.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Truly, truly, I tell you, anyone who does not enter the sheepfold by the door but climbs in by another way is a thief and a robber.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Sannelig, sannelig, sier jeg dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauenes inngjerding, men klatrer over et annet sted, han er en tyv og en røver.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Sandelig, sandelig siger jeg eder: Hvo, som ikke gaaer ind ad Døren i Faarestien, men stiger andensteds over, han er en Tyv og en Røver.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Sannelig, sannelig, jeg sier dere: Den som ikke går inn i sauefjøset gjennom døren, men klatrer over på en annen måte, er en tyv og en røver.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Truly, truly, I say to you, he who does not enter by the door into the sheepfold, but climbs up some other way, is a thief and a robber.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  «Sannelig, jeg sier dere, den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauefolden, men klatrer inn en annen vei, han er en tyv og en røver.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Sannelig, sannelig sier jeg dere, den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauefolden, men klatrer inn en annen vei, han er en tyv og en røver.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Sannelig, sannelig, jeg sier dere: Den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til sauenes innhengning, men klatrer over på en annen måte, han er en tyv og en røver.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Sannelig, jeg sier dere, den som ikke går inn gjennom døren til stedet der sauene er, men kommer inn på en annen måte, er en tyv og en røver.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Verely verely I saye vnto you: he that entreth not in by ye dore into the shepefolde but clymeth vp some other waye: the same is a thefe and a robber.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Verely verely I saye vnto you: He yt entreth not in at the dore in to the shepefolde, but clymmeth vp some other waye, the same is a thefe & a murthurer.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Verely, verely I say vnto you, Hee that entreth not in by the doore into the sheepefolde, but climeth vp another way, he is a theefe and a robber.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Veryly, veryly, I say vnto you: He that entreth not in by ye doore into the sheepfolde, but clymeth vp some other way, the same is a thiefe, and a robber.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ ‹Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.›

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "Most assuredly, I tell you, one who doesn't enter by the door into the sheep fold, but climbs up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Verily, verily, I say to you, He who is not entering through the door to the fold of the sheep, but is going up from another side, that one is a thief and a robber;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the fold of the sheep, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Truly I say to you, He who does not go through the door into the place where the sheep are kept, but gets in by some other way, is a thief and an outlaw.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "Most certainly, I tell you, one who doesn't enter by the door into the sheep fold, but climbs up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Jesus as the Good Shepherd“I tell you the solemn truth, the one who does not enter the sheepfold by the door, but climbs in some other way, is a thief and a robber.

Referenced Verses

• 1 John 4:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 John.4.1", "source": "¶Ἀγαπητοί, μὴ παντὶ πνεύματι πιστεύετε, ἀλλὰ δοκιμάζετε τὰ πνεύματα εἰ ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν: ὅτι πολλοὶ ψευδοπροφῆται ἐξεληλύθασιν εἰς τὸν κόσμον.", "text": "*Agapētoi*, *mē* every *pneumati* *pisteuete*, but *dokimazete* the *pneumata* if from the *Theou* *estin*: because many *pseudoprophētai* *exelēlythasin* into the *kosmon*.", "grammar": { "*Agapētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - beloved ones", "*mē*": "negative particle with imperative - not/do not", "*pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - spirit/to spirit", "*pisteuete*": "present imperative, 2nd plural - believe/trust", "*dokimazete*": "present imperative, 2nd plural - test/examine/prove", "*pneumata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - spirits", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*pseudoprophētai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - false prophets", "*exelēlythasin*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd plural - have gone out/have come forth", "*kosmon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - world/universe/order" }, "variants": { "*Agapētoi*": "beloved/dear ones", "*pneumati*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*pisteuete*": "believe/trust/have faith in", "*dokimazete*": "test/examine/prove/discern", "*pneumata*": "spirits/breaths/winds", "*exelēlythasin*": "have gone out/have departed/have come forth", "*kosmon*": "world/universe/ordered system" } }
• Heb 5:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Hebrews.5.4", "source": "Καὶ οὐχ ἑαυτῷ τις λαμβάνει τὴν τιμήν, ἀλλὰ ὁ καλούμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καθάπερ καὶ Ἀαρών.", "text": "And not *heautō* *tis* *lambanei* the *timēn*, *alla* the one *kaloumenos* by the *Theou*, *kathaper* also *Aarōn*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ouch*": "negative particle - not", "*heautō*": "dative, masculine, singular reflexive pronoun - to/for himself", "*tis*": "nominative, masculine, singular indefinite pronoun - anyone", "*lambanei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - takes/receives", "*tēn timēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular with article - the honor", "*alla*": "adversative conjunction - but", "*ho kaloumenos*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular with article - the one being called", "*hypo*": "preposition + genitive - by", "*tou Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular with article - God", "*kathaper*": "comparative adverb - just as/even as", "*kai*": "adverb - also", "*Aarōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Aaron" }, "variants": { "*lambanei*": "takes/receives/assumes", "*timēn*": "honor/dignity/office", "*kaloumenos*": "being called/being summoned/being appointed" } }
• John 10:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "John.10.8", "source": "Πάντες ὅσοι ἦλθον πρὸ ἐμοῦ κλέπται εἰσὶν καὶ λῃσταί: ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἤκουσαν αὐτῶν τὰ πρόβατα.", "text": "All *hosoi ēlthon pro emou kleptai eisin* and *lēstai*: but not *ēkousan* them the *probata*.", "grammar": { "*hosoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - as many as/whoever", "*ēlthon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they came/went", "*pro*": "preposition + genitive - before/in front of", "*emou*": "genitive, 1st person singular pronoun - of me", "*kleptai eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - are thieves", "*lēstai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - robbers/bandits", "*ēkousan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they heard/listened to", "*probata*": "nominative, neuter, plural - sheep" }, "variants": { "*hosoi*": "as many as/whoever/all who", "*ēlthon*": "came/went/arrived", "*pro*": "before/in front of/prior to", "*kleptai*": "thieves/stealers", "*lēstai*": "robbers/bandits/plunderers", "*ēkousan*": "heard/listened to/heeded", "*probata*": "sheep" } } 9 { "verseID": "John.10.9", "source": "Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ θύρα: διʼ ἐμοῦ ἐάν τις εἰσέλθῃ, σωθήσεται, καὶ εἰσελεύσεται καὶ ἐξελεύσεται, καὶ νομὴν εὑρήσει.", "text": "*Egō eimi* the *thyra*: through *emou ean tis eiselthē, sōthēsetai*, and *eiseleusetai* and *exeleusetai*, and *nomēn heurēsei*.", "grammar": { "*Egō eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular with pronoun - I am", "*thyra*": "nominative, feminine, singular - door/gate", "*emou*": "genitive, 1st person singular pronoun - of me", "*ean*": "conditional particle - if", "*tis*": "indefinite pronoun, nominative singular - anyone/someone", "*eiselthē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he might enter", "*sōthēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he will be saved", "*eiseleusetai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he will enter in", "*exeleusetai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he will go out", "*nomēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - pasture/feeding place", "*heurēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd person singular - he will find" }, "variants": { "*Egō eimi*": "I am/I exist", "*thyra*": "door/gate/entrance", "*ean*": "if/whenever", "*eiselthē*": "might enter/come in", "*sōthēsetai*": "will be saved/preserved/delivered", "*eiseleusetai*": "will enter in/come in", "*exeleusetai*": "will go out/come out", "*nomēn*": "pasture/grazing land/feeding place", "*heurēsei*": "will find/discover" } } 10 { "verseID": "John.10.10", "source": "Ὁ κλέπτης οὐκ ἔρχεται, εἰ μὴ ἵνα κλέψῃ, καὶ θύσῃ, καὶ ἀπολέσῃ: ἐγὼ ἦλθον ἵνα ζωὴν ἔχωσιν, καὶ περισσὸν ἔχωσιν.", "text": "The *kleptēs* not *erchetai*, if not in order that *klepsē*, and *thysē*, and *apolesē*: *egō ēlthon* in order that *zōēn echōsin*, and *perisson echōsin*.", "grammar": { "*kleptēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - thief", "*erchetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person singular - comes/goes", "*klepsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he might steal", "*thysē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he might kill/slaughter", "*apolesē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he might destroy", "*egō ēlthon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular with pronoun - I came", "*zōēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - life", "*echōsin*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might have", "*perisson*": "accusative, neuter, singular - abundance/more than enough" }, "variants": { "*kleptēs*": "thief/stealer", "*erchetai*": "comes/goes/arrives", "*klepsē*": "might steal/take secretly", "*thysē*": "might kill/slaughter/sacrifice", "*apolesē*": "might destroy/ruin/kill", "*ēlthon*": "came/arrived", "*zōēn*": "life/existence", "*echōsin*": "might have/possess/hold", "*perisson*": "abundance/excess/more than enough" } }
• Rom 16:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Romans.16.18", "source": "Οἱ γὰρ τοιοῦτοι τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ οὐ δουλεύουσιν, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἑαυτῶν κοιλίᾳ· καὶ διὰ τῆς χρηστολογίας καὶ εὐλογίας ἐξαπατῶσιν τὰς καρδίας τῶν ἀκάκων.", "text": "For the such to-the *Kyriō* of-us *Iēsou Christō* not *douleuousin*, but to-the *heautōn* *koilia*; and through the *chrēstologias* and *eulogias* they-*exapatōsin* the *kardias* of-the *akakōn*.", "grammar": { "γὰρ": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "τοιοῦτοι": "nominative masculine plural demonstrative - such/such ones", "*Kyriō*": "dative masculine singular - Lord", "ἡμῶν": "genitive plural pronoun - of us/our", "*Iēsou*": "dative masculine singular - Jesus", "*Christō*": "dative masculine singular - Christ", "οὐ": "negative particle - not", "*douleuousin*": "present indicative active, 3rd person plural - serve/are slaves to", "ἀλλὰ": "adversative conjunction - but", "*heautōn*": "genitive plural reflexive pronoun - their own", "*koilia*": "dative feminine singular - belly/appetite", "διὰ": "preposition with genitive - through/by means of", "*chrēstologias*": "genitive feminine singular - smooth talk/fine-sounding words", "*eulogias*": "genitive feminine singular - flattery/praise", "*exapatōsin*": "present indicative active, 3rd person plural - deceive/mislead", "*kardias*": "accusative feminine plural - hearts", "*akakōn*": "genitive masculine plural - innocent/unsuspecting" }, "variants": { "*douleuousin*": "serve/are slaves to/render service", "*koilia*": "belly/appetite/physical desires", "*chrēstologias*": "smooth talk/fine-sounding words/plausible speech", "*eulogias*": "flattery/praise/blessing", "*exapatōsin*": "deceive/mislead/delude", "*kardias*": "hearts/minds/inner being", "*akakōn*": "innocent/unsuspecting/naive" } }
• Matt 7:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.15", "source": "Προσέχετε δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν, οἵτινες ἔρχονται πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐν ἐνδύμασιν προβάτων, ἔσωθεν δέ εἰσιν λύκοι ἅρπαγες.", "text": "*Prosechete de apo tōn pseudoprophētōn*, who *erchontai pros hymas en endymasin probatōn*, *esōthen de eisin lykoi harpages*.", "grammar": { "*Prosechete*": "present active imperative, 2nd person plural - beware/pay attention to", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*tōn pseudoprophētōn*": "genitive plural masculine - the false prophets", "*hoitines*": "relative pronoun, nominative plural masculine - who/whoever", "*erchontai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person plural - come/are coming", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*hymas*": "accusative plural - you", "*en*": "preposition with dative - in/with", "*endymasin*": "dative plural neuter - garments/clothing", "*probatōn*": "genitive plural neuter - of sheep", "*esōthen*": "adverb - from within/inside", "*eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - are", "*lykoi*": "nominative plural masculine - wolves", "*harpages*": "nominative plural masculine - ravenous/rapacious" }, "variants": { "*prosechete*": "beware/pay attention to/be on guard against", "*pseudoprophētōn*": "false prophets/pretenders to divine inspiration", "*erchontai*": "come/approach/arrive", "*endymasin*": "garments/clothing/outer wear", "*probatōn*": "sheep [symbol of innocence/harmlessness]", "*esōthen*": "within/inside/inwardly", "*lykoi*": "wolves [symbol of danger/destruction]", "*harpages*": "ravenous/rapacious/predatory/greedy" } }
• 2 Pet 2:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.3", "source": "Καὶ ἐν πλεονεξίᾳ πλαστοῖς λόγοις ὑμᾶς ἐμπορεύσονται: οἷς τὸ κρίμα ἔκπαλαι οὐκ ἀργεῖ, καὶ ἡ ἀπώλεια αὐτῶν οὐ νυστάζει.", "text": "*Kai en pleonexia plastois logois hymas emporeusontai*: *hois to krima ekpalai ouk argei, kai hē apōleia autōn ou nystazei*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - 'and/also'", "*en pleonexia*": "preposition with dative singular feminine - 'in/with greed'", "*plastois*": "dative plural masculine - 'fabricated/manufactured'", "*logois*": "dative plural masculine - 'words/messages'", "*hymas*": "accusative plural - 'you'", "*emporeusontai*": "future indicative middle, 3rd plural - 'will exploit/make merchandise of'", "*hois*": "dative plural relative pronoun - 'for whom'", "*to krima*": "nominative singular neuter - 'the judgment'", "*ekpalai*": "adverb - 'from long ago/for a long time'", "*ouk argei*": "negative + present indicative active, 3rd singular - 'is not idle/inactive'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*hē apōleia*": "nominative singular feminine - 'the destruction'", "*autōn*": "genitive plural - 'of them/their'", "*ou nystazei*": "negative + present indicative active, 3rd singular - 'does not slumber'" }, "variants": { "*pleonexia*": "greed/covetousness/desire for advantage", "*plastois*": "fabricated/manufactured/invented/artificial", "*logois*": "words/messages/accounts/arguments", "*emporeusontai*": "will exploit/make merchandise of/trade in/make profit from", "*krima*": "judgment/condemnation/sentence", "*ekpalai*": "from long ago/for a long time/from of old", "*argei*": "is idle/inactive/delays/lingers", "*apōleia*": "destruction/ruin/perdition", "*nystazei*": "slumbers/dozes/is sleepy/is inactive" } }
• 1 Pet 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Peter.1.10", "source": "Περὶ ἧς σωτηρίας ἐξεζήτησαν καὶ ἐξηρεύνησαν προφῆται, οἱ περὶ τῆς εἰς ὑμᾶς χάριτος προφητεύσαντες:", "text": "Concerning which *sōtērias* *exezētēsan* and *exēreunēsan* *prophētai*, the ones concerning the unto you *charitos* having *prophēteusantes*:", "grammar": { "*sōtērias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - reference", "*exezētēsan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - completed action", "*exēreunēsan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - completed action", "*prophētai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - subject", "*charitos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - reference/content", "*prophēteusantes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - attributive" }, "variants": { "*sōtērias*": "salvation/deliverance/preservation", "*exezētēsan*": "sought diligently/inquired carefully", "*exēreunēsan*": "searched carefully/examined thoroughly", "*prophētai*": "prophets/those who speak for God", "*charitos*": "grace/favor/blessing", "*prophēteusantes*": "having prophesied/predicted/spoken for God" } }
• 2 Pet 2:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.1", "source": "¶Ἐγένοντο δὲ καὶ ψευδοπροφῆται ἐν τῷ λαῷ, ὡς καὶ ἐν ὑμῖν ἔσονται ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι, οἵτινες παρεισάξουσιν αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας, καὶ τὸν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτοὺς Δεσπότην ἀρνούμενοι, ἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν.", "text": "*Egenonto de* and *kai pseudoprophētai* in the *laō*, *hōs kai* in you *esontai pseudodidaskaloi*, *hoitines pareisaxousin haireseis apōleias*, *kai* the *agorasanta* them *Despotēn arnoumenoi*, *epagontes heautois tachinēn apōleian*.", "grammar": { "*Egenonto*": "aorist indicative middle/passive, 3rd plural - 'became/arose'", "*de*": "postpositive particle - 'but/and'", "*kai*": "conjunction/adverb - 'also/even'", "*pseudoprophētai*": "nominative plural masculine - 'false prophets'", "*laō*": "dative singular masculine - 'people'", "*hōs*": "adverb/conjunction - 'as/like'", "*esontai*": "future indicative middle, 3rd plural - 'will be'", "*pseudodidaskaloi*": "nominative plural masculine - 'false teachers'", "*hoitines*": "nominative plural masculine relative pronoun - 'who/whoever'", "*pareisaxousin*": "future indicative active, 3rd plural - 'will bring in secretly'", "*haireseis*": "accusative plural feminine - 'heresies/divisions/choices'", "*apōleias*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of destruction/ruin'", "*agorasanta*": "aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine - 'having bought/purchased'", "*Despotēn*": "accusative singular masculine - 'Master/Lord'", "*arnoumenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative plural masculine - 'denying'", "*epagontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'bringing upon'", "*heautois*": "dative plural reflexive pronoun - 'themselves'", "*tachinēn*": "accusative singular feminine - 'swift/quick'", "*apōleian*": "accusative singular feminine - 'destruction/ruin'" }, "variants": { "*Egenonto*": "arose/came to be/became", "*pseudoprophētai*": "false prophets/those who falsely claim to speak for God", "*laō*": "people/nation/crowd", "*pseudodidaskaloi*": "false teachers/those who teach falsehoods", "*pareisaxousin*": "will secretly introduce/will bring in alongside/will smuggle in", "*haireseis*": "heresies/factions/sects/divisions/choices", "*apōleias*": "of destruction/ruin/perdition/damnation", "*agorasanta*": "having bought/purchased/redeemed", "*Despotēn*": "Master/Sovereign Lord/absolute ruler", "*arnoumenoi*": "denying/disowning/rejecting", "*epagontes*": "bringing upon/drawing down upon", "*tachinēn*": "swift/quick/sudden", "*apōleian*": "destruction/ruin/perdition/damnation" } }
• 2 Cor 11:13-15 : 13 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.11.13", "source": "Οἱ γὰρ τοιοῦτοι ψευδαπόστολοι, ἐργάται δόλιοι, μετασχηματιζόμενοι εἰς ἀποστόλους Χριστοῦ.", "text": "For the such [are] *pseudapostoloi*, *ergatai dolioi*, *metaschēmatizomenoi* into *apostolous Christou*.", "grammar": { "*pseudapostoloi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - false apostles", "*ergatai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - workers/laborers", "*dolioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - deceitful/crafty", "*metaschēmatizomenoi*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - transforming/disguising themselves", "*apostolous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - apostles/emissaries", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Christ" }, "variants": { "*pseudapostoloi*": "false apostles/counterfeit emissaries", "*ergatai*": "workers/laborers", "*dolioi*": "deceitful/crafty/treacherous", "*metaschēmatizomenoi*": "transforming/disguising themselves/masquerading", "*apostolous*": "apostles/emissaries/sent ones" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.11.14", "source": "Καὶ οὐ θαυμαστόν· αὐτὸς γὰρ ὁ Σατανᾶς μετασχηματίζεται εἰς ἄγγελον φωτός.", "text": "And no *thaumaston*; for himself the *Satanas metaschēmatizetai* into *angelon phōtos*.", "grammar": { "*thaumaston*": "nominative/accusative, neuter, singular - marvelous/surprising", "*Satanas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Satan", "*metaschēmatizetai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - transforms/disguises himself", "*angelon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - angel/messenger", "*phōtos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of light" }, "variants": { "*thaumaston*": "marvelous/surprising/wonder", "*metaschēmatizetai*": "transforms/disguises himself/masquerades", "*angelon*": "angel/messenger", "*phōtos*": "light/radiance/illumination" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.11.15", "source": "Οὐ μέγα οὖν εἰ καὶ οἱ διάκονοι αὐτοῦ μετασχηματίζονται ὡς διάκονοι δικαιοσύνης· ὧν τὸ τέλος ἔσται κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν.", "text": "Not *mega* therefore if also the *diakonoi* of him *metaschēmatizontai* as *diakonoi dikaiosynēs*; of whom the *telos estai kata* the *erga* of them.", "grammar": { "*mega*": "nominative/accusative, neuter, singular - great/important thing", "*diakonoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - servants/ministers", "*metaschēmatizontai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd plural - transform/disguise themselves", "*dikaiosynēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of righteousness", "*telos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - end/outcome", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd singular - will be", "*kata*": "preposition + accusative - according to", "*erga*": "accusative, neuter, plural - works/deeds" }, "variants": { "*mega*": "great thing/important matter/surprising", "*diakonoi*": "servants/ministers/attendants", "*metaschēmatizontai*": "transform/disguise themselves/masquerade", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/uprightness", "*telos*": "end/outcome/conclusion/destiny", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions" } }
• Eph 4:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Ephesians.4.8", "source": "Διὸ λέγει, Ἀναβὰς εἰς ὕψος, ᾐχμαλώτευσεν αἰχμαλωσίαν, καὶ ἔδωκεν δόματα τοῖς ἀνθρώποις.", "text": "Therefore *legei*, *Anabas* into *hypsos*, he *ēchmalōteusen aichmalōsian*, and *edōken domata* to the *anthrōpois*.", "grammar": { "*Dio*": "conjunction - therefore/for this reason", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - he/it says", "*Anabas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having ascended", "*hypsos*": "accusative neuter singular - height/high place", "*ēchmalōteusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he led captive", "*aichmalōsian*": "accusative feminine singular - captivity/body of captives", "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he gave", "*domata*": "accusative neuter plural - gifts", "*anthrōpois*": "dative masculine plural - to men/human beings" }, "variants": { "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*Anabas*": "having ascended/gone up", "*hypsos*": "height/high place/heaven", "*ēchmalōteusen*": "led captive/took prisoners", "*aichmalōsian*": "captivity/body of captives", "*edōken*": "gave/granted/bestowed", "*domata*": "gifts/presents", "*anthrōpois*": "men/human beings/people" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ephesians.4.9", "source": "(Τὸ δὲ, Ἀνέβη, τί ἐστιν εἰ μὴ ὅτι καὶ κατέβη πρῶτον εἰς τὰ κατώτερα μέρη τῆς γῆς;", "text": "(The *de*, *Anebē*, what is it if not that also he *katebē* first into the lower *merē* of the *gēs*?", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*Anebē*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he ascended", "*katebē*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he descended", "lower": "comparative adjective, accusative neuter plural - lower", "*merē*": "accusative neuter plural - parts/regions", "*gēs*": "genitive feminine singular - of earth/land" }, "variants": { "*Anebē*": "ascended/went up", "*katebē*": "descended/went down", "*merē*": "parts/regions/areas", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ephesians.4.10", "source": "Ὁ καταβὰς αὐτός ἐστιν καὶ ὁ ἀναβὰς ὑπεράνω πάντων τῶν οὐρανῶν, ἵνα πληρώσῃ τὰ πάντα.)", "text": "The one *katabas* *autos* is also the one *anabas* *hyperanō* all the *ouranōn*, *hina* he might *plērōsē* all things.)", "grammar": { "*katabas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having descended", "*autos*": "intensive pronoun, nominative masculine singular - himself", "*anabas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having ascended", "*hyperanō*": "adverb - far above/superior to", "*ouranōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of heavens", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*plērōsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - he might fill/fulfill" }, "variants": { "*katabas*": "having descended/gone down", "*autos*": "himself/the same", "*anabas*": "having ascended/gone up", "*hyperanō*": "far above/higher than", "*ouranōn*": "heavens/skies", "*plērōsē*": "might fill/fulfill/complete" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ephesians.4.11", "source": "Καὶ αὐτὸς ἔδωκεν τοὺς μὲν, ἀποστόλους· τοὺς δὲ, προφήτας· τοὺς δὲ, εὐαγγελιστάς· τοὺς δὲ, ποιμένας, καὶ διδασκάλους·", "text": "And *autos edōken* the *men*, *apostolous*; the *de*, *prophētas*; the *de*, *euangelistas*; the *de*, *poimenas*, and *didaskalous*;", "grammar": { "*autos*": "intensive pronoun, nominative masculine singular - he himself", "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he gave/granted", "*men...de*": "correlative particles - on the one hand...on the other hand", "*apostolous*": "accusative masculine plural - apostles", "*prophētas*": "accusative masculine plural - prophets", "*euangelistas*": "accusative masculine plural - evangelists", "*poimenas*": "accusative masculine plural - shepherds/pastors", "*didaskalous*": "accusative masculine plural - teachers" }, "variants": { "*autos*": "he himself/the same", "*edōken*": "gave/granted/appointed", "*apostolous*": "apostles/sent ones/messengers", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who speak for God", "*euangelistas*": "evangelists/proclaimers of good news", "*poimenas*": "shepherds/pastors", "*didaskalous*": "teachers/instructors" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ephesians.4.12", "source": "Πρὸς τὸν καταρτισμὸν τῶν ἁγίων, εἰς ἔργον διακονίας, εἰς οἰκοδομὴν τοῦ σώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ:", "text": "*Pros* the *katartismon* of the *hagiōn*, for *ergon* of *diakonias*, for *oikodomēn* of the *sōmatos* of the *Christou*:", "grammar": { "*Pros*": "preposition with accusative - for/toward", "*katartismon*": "accusative masculine singular - equipping/perfecting", "*hagiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of saints/holy ones", "*ergon*": "accusative neuter singular - work/deed", "*diakonias*": "genitive feminine singular - of ministry/service", "*oikodomēn*": "accusative feminine singular - building up/edification", "*sōmatos*": "genitive neuter singular - of body", "*Christou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Christ" }, "variants": { "*Pros*": "for/toward/with a view to", "*katartismon*": "equipping/perfecting/complete furnishing", "*hagiōn*": "saints/holy ones/set apart ones", "*ergon*": "work/deed/task", "*diakonias*": "ministry/service/attendance", "*oikodomēn*": "building up/edification/construction", "*sōmatos*": "body/physical structure", "*Christou*": "Christ/Anointed One" } }
• Matt 23:16-28 : 16 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.16", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, ὁδηγοὶ τυφλοὶ, οἱ λέγοντες, Ὃς ἂν ὀμόσῃ ἐν τῷ ναῷ, οὐδέν ἐστιν· ὃς δʼ ἂν ὀμόσῃ ἐν τῷ χρυσῷ τοῦ ναοῦ, ὀφείλει!", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *hodēgoi* *typhloi*, the ones *legontes*, Whoever *an omosē* by the *naō*, nothing *estin*; whoever *d' an omosē* by the *chrysō* of-the *naou*, *opheilei*!", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*hodēgoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - guides (direct address)", "*typhloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - blind (direct address)", "*hoi legontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural with article - the ones saying", "*Hos an*": "relative pronoun with conditional particle - whoever", "*omosē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might swear/take oath", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*naō*": "dative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*ouden*": "nominative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - it is", "*hos d' an*": "relative pronoun with particle and conditional particle - but whoever", "*omosē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might swear/take oath", "*chrysō*": "dative, masculine, singular - gold", "*naou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the temple/sanctuary", "*opheilei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he is obligated/bound" }, "variants": { "*hodēgoi*": "guides/leaders", "*typhloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*legontes*": "saying/speaking/declaring", "*omosē*": "swears/takes an oath", "*naō*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*ouden estin*": "is nothing/amounts to nothing/is not binding", "*chrysō*": "gold/golden ornaments", "*opheilei*": "is obligated/is bound/must fulfill the oath" } } 17 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.17", "source": "Μωροὶ καὶ τυφλοί: τίς γὰρ μείζων ἐστίν, ὁ χρυσὸς, ἢ ὁ ναὸς ὁ ἁγιάζων τὸν χρυσόν;", "text": "*Mōroi* and *typhloi*: which *gar* *meizōn* *estin*, the *chrysos*, or the *naos* the one *hagiazōn* the *chryson*?", "grammar": { "*Mōroi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - fools (direct address)", "*typhloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - blind (direct address)", "*tis*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative - which/what", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*meizōn*": "nominative, masculine/feminine, singular, comparative - greater", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*chrysos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - gold", "*ē*": "disjunctive particle - or/than", "*naos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*ho hagiazōn*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular with article - the one sanctifying", "*chryson*": "accusative, masculine, singular - gold" }, "variants": { "*Mōroi*": "fools/foolish ones/morons", "*typhloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*meizōn*": "greater/more important", "*chrysos*": "gold/golden ornaments", "*naos*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*hagiazōn*": "sanctifying/making holy/consecrating" } } 18 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.18", "source": "Καί, Ὃς ἐὰν ὀμόσῃ ἐν τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ, οὐδέν ἐστιν· ὃς δʼ ἂν ὀμόσῃ ἐν τῷ δώρῳ τῷ ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ, ὀφείλει.", "text": "And, Whoever *ean omosē* by the *thysiastēriō*, nothing *estin*; whoever *d' an omosē* by the *dōrō* the one *epanō* of-it, *opheilei*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*Hos ean*": "relative pronoun with conditional particle - whoever", "*omosē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might swear/take oath", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*thysiastēriō*": "dative, neuter, singular - altar", "*ouden*": "nominative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - it is", "*hos d' an*": "relative pronoun with particle and conditional particle - but whoever", "*omosē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might swear/take oath", "*dōrō*": "dative, neuter, singular - gift/offering", "*tō epanō*": "article with adverb - the (one) upon/above", "*autou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of it", "*opheilei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he is obligated/bound" }, "variants": { "*omosē*": "swears/takes an oath", "*thysiastēriō*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*ouden estin*": "is nothing/amounts to nothing/is not binding", "*dōrō*": "gift/offering/sacrifice", "*epanō*": "upon/above/on top of", "*opheilei*": "is obligated/is bound/must fulfill the oath" } } 19 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.19", "source": "Μωροὶ καὶ τυφλοί: τί γὰρ μεῖζον, τὸ δῶρον, ἢ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τὸ ἁγιάζον τὸ δῶρον;", "text": "*Mōroi* and *typhloi*: what *gar* *meizon*, the *dōron*, or the *thysiastērion* the one *hagiazon* the *dōron*?", "grammar": { "*Mōroi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - fools (direct address)", "*typhloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - blind (direct address)", "*ti*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative, neuter - what/which", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*meizon*": "nominative, neuter, singular, comparative - greater", "*dōron*": "nominative, neuter, singular - gift/offering", "*ē*": "disjunctive particle - or/than", "*thysiastērion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - altar", "*to hagiazon*": "present, active, participle, nominative, neuter, singular with article - the one sanctifying", "*dōron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - gift/offering" }, "variants": { "*Mōroi*": "fools/foolish ones/morons", "*typhloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*meizon*": "greater/more important", "*dōron*": "gift/offering/sacrifice", "*thysiastērion*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*hagiazon*": "sanctifying/making holy/consecrating" } } 20 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.20", "source": "Ὁ οὖν ὀμόσας ἐν τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ, ὀμνύει ἐν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ.", "text": "The one *oun* *omosas* by the *thysiastēriō*, *omnuei* by it, and by all the things *epanō* of-it.", "grammar": { "*Ho oun*": "article with conjunction - therefore the one", "*omosas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having sworn", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*thysiastēriō*": "dative, neuter, singular - altar", "*omnuei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - swears", "*en autō*": "preposition with dative - by it", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pasin*": "dative, neuter, plural - all (things)", "*tois epanō*": "article with adverb - the (ones) upon/above", "*autou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of it" }, "variants": { "*omosas*": "having sworn/taken an oath", "*thysiastēriō*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*omnuei*": "swears/takes oath by", "*epanō*": "upon/above/on top of" } } 21 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.21", "source": "Καὶ ὁ ὀμόσας ἐν τῷ ναῷ, ὀμνύει ἐν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἐν τῷ κατοικοῦντι αὐτόν.", "text": "And the one *omosas* by the *naō*, *omnuei* by it, and by the one *katoikounti* it.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ho omosas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular with article - the one having sworn", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*naō*": "dative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*omnuei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - swears", "*en autō*": "preposition with dative - by it", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tō katoikounti*": "present, active, participle, dative, masculine, singular with article - by the one dwelling in", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - it" }, "variants": { "*omosas*": "having sworn/taken an oath", "*naō*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*omnuei*": "swears/takes oath by", "*katoikounti*": "dwelling in/inhabiting/residing in" } } 22 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.22", "source": "Καὶ ὁ ὀμόσας ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, ὀμνύει ἐν τῷ θρόνῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῷ καθημένῳ ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And the one *omosas* by the *ouranō*, *omnuei* by the *thronō* of-the *Theou*, and by the one *kathēmenō* *epanō* of-it.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ho omosas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular with article - the one having sworn", "*en*": "preposition with dative - by/in", "*ouranō*": "dative, masculine, singular - heaven", "*omnuei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - swears", "*thronō*": "dative, masculine, singular - throne", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tō kathēmenō*": "present, middle, participle, dative, masculine, singular with article - by the one sitting", "*epanō*": "adverb - above/upon", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of it" }, "variants": { "*omosas*": "having sworn/taken an oath", "*ouranō*": "heaven/sky/celestial realm", "*omnuei*": "swears/takes oath by", "*thronō*": "throne/seat of authority", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*kathēmenō*": "sitting/seated/enthroned", "*epanō*": "above/upon/on top of" } } 23 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.23", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι ἀποδεκατοῦτε τὸ ἡδύοσμον καὶ τὸ ἄνηθον καὶ τὸ κύμινον, καὶ ἀφήκατε τὰ βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου, τὴν κρίσιν, καὶ τὸν ἔλεον, καὶ τὴν πίστιν: ταῦτα ἔδει ποιῆσαι, κἀκεῖνα μὴ ἀφιέναι.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *apodekatoute* the *hēdyosmon* and the *anēthon* and the *kyminon*, and *aphēkate* the *barutera* of-the *nomou*, the *krisin*, and the *eleon*, and the *pistin*: these *edei* *poiēsai*, and-those *mē aphienai*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*apodekatoute*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you tithe/give tenth", "*hēdyosmon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - mint", "*anēthon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - dill", "*kyminon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - cumin", "*aphēkate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you left/neglected", "*barutera*": "accusative, neuter, plural, comparative - weightier/more important", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the law", "*krisin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - justice/judgment", "*eleon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - mercy", "*pistin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - faith/faithfulness", "*tauta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - these things", "*edei*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - it was necessary", "*poiēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to do", "*kakeina*": "accusative, neuter, plural - and those things", "*mē aphienai*": "present, active, infinitive with negative - not to leave/neglect" }, "variants": { "*apodekatoute*": "tithe/give a tenth of/pay tithes on", "*hēdyosmon*": "mint/aromatic herb", "*anēthon*": "dill/herb", "*kyminon*": "cumin/spice", "*aphēkate*": "left/neglected/abandoned", "*barutera*": "weightier/more important/more significant", "*nomou*": "law/Torah", "*krisin*": "justice/judgment/legal decision", "*eleon*": "mercy/compassion", "*pistin*": "faith/faithfulness/trust", "*edei*": "it was necessary/ought/should", "*poiēsai*": "to do/practice/perform", "*aphienai*": "to leave/neglect/omit" } } 24 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.24", "source": "Ὁδηγοὶ τυφλοί, οἱ διϋλίζοντες τὸν κώνωπα, τὴν δὲ κάμηλον καταπίνοντες.", "text": "*Hodēgoi* *typhloi*, the ones *diülizontes* the *kōnōpa*, the *de* *kamēlon* *katapinontes*.", "grammar": { "*Hodēgoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - guides (direct address)", "*typhloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - blind (direct address)", "*hoi diülizontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural with article - the ones straining out", "*kōnōpa*": "accusative, masculine, singular - gnat/mosquito", "*tēn de*": "accusative with adversative particle - but the", "*kamēlon*": "accusative, feminine, singular - camel", "*katapinontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - swallowing" }, "variants": { "*Hodēgoi*": "guides/leaders", "*typhloi*": "blind/unable to see", "*diülizontes*": "filtering out/straining out/removing by filtering", "*kōnōpa*": "gnat/mosquito/tiny insect", "*kamēlon*": "camel/large animal", "*katapinontes*": "swallowing/gulping down/consuming whole" } } 25 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.25", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι καθαρίζετε τὸ ἔξωθεν τοῦ ποτηρίου καὶ τῆς παροψίδος, ἔσωθεν δὲ γέμουσιν ἐξ ἁρπαγῆς καὶ ἀκρασίας.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *katharizete* the *exōthen* of-the *potēriou* and of-the *paropsidos*, *esōthen* *de* they-*gemousin* from *harpagēs* and *akrasias*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*katharizete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you clean", "*exōthen*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*potēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of cup", "*paropsidos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of dish/platter", "*esōthen*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*de*": "adversative particle - but/yet/however", "*gemousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are full", "*ex*": "preposition with genitive - from/out of", "*harpagēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - robbery/plunder", "*akrasias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - excess/lack of self-control" }, "variants": { "*katharizete*": "clean/cleanse/purify", "*exōthen*": "outside/exterior/outer part", "*potēriou*": "cup/drinking vessel", "*paropsidos*": "dish/platter/bowl", "*esōthen*": "inside/interior/inner part", "*gemousin*": "are full/filled/laden with", "*harpagēs*": "robbery/plunder/extortion", "*akrasias*": "self-indulgence/excess/lack of self-control" } } 26 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.26", "source": "Φαρισαῖε τυφλέ, καθάρισον πρῶτον τὸ ἐντὸς τοῦ ποτηρίου καὶ τῆς παροψίδος, ἵνα γένηται καὶ τὸ ἐκτὸς αὐτῶν καθαρόν.", "text": "*Pharisaie* *typhle*, *katharison* first the *entos* of-the *potēriou* and of-the *paropsidos*, *hina* *genētai* also the *ektos* of-them *katharon*.", "grammar": { "*Pharisaie*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Pharisee (direct address)", "*typhle*": "vocative, masculine, singular - blind (direct address)", "*katharison*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person singular - clean!", "*prōton*": "adverb - first/firstly", "*entos*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*potēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of cup", "*paropsidos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of dish/platter", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*genētai*": "aorist, middle, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might become", "*kai*": "adverb - also/too", "*ektos*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*autōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of them", "*katharon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - clean/pure" }, "variants": { "*Pharisaie*": "Pharisee/separated one", "*typhle*": "blind/unable to see", "*katharison*": "clean/cleanse/purify!", "*entos*": "inside/interior/inner part", "*potēriou*": "cup/drinking vessel", "*paropsidos*": "dish/platter/bowl", "*genētai*": "might become/might be/might be made", "*ektos*": "outside/exterior/outer part", "*katharon*": "clean/pure/undefiled" } } 27 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.27", "source": "Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι παρομοιάζετε τάφοις κεκονιαμένοις, οἵτινες ἔξωθεν μὲν φαίνονται ὡραῖοι, ἔσωθεν δὲ γέμουσιν ὀστέων νεκρῶν, καὶ πάσης ἀκαθαρσίας.", "text": "*Ouai* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *paromoiazete* *taphois* *kekoniamenois*, which *exōthen* *men* *phainontai* *hōraioi*, *esōthen* *de* *gemousin* *osteōn* *nekrōn*, and of-all *akatharsias*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*paromoiazete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are like/resemble", "*taphois*": "dative, masculine, plural - tombs/graves", "*kekoniamenois*": "perfect, passive, participle, dative, masculine, plural - having been whitewashed", "*hoitines*": "nominative, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - which", "*exōthen*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand (correlates with de)", "*phainontai*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 3rd person plural - appear/seem", "*hōraioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - beautiful/attractive", "*esōthen*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*de*": "particle - on the other hand (correlates with men)", "*gemousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are full", "*osteōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of bones", "*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of dead (persons)", "*pasēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of all/every", "*akatharsias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of uncleanness/impurity" }, "variants": { "*paromoiazete*": "are like/resemble/compare to", "*taphois*": "tombs/graves/sepulchers", "*kekoniamenois*": "whitewashed/plastered with lime", "*exōthen*": "outside/on the exterior", "*phainontai*": "appear/seem/look", "*hōraioi*": "beautiful/attractive/handsome", "*esōthen*": "inside/on the interior", "*gemousin*": "are full/filled with/laden with", "*osteōn*": "bones/skeletal remains", "*nekrōn*": "dead (persons)/corpses", "*akatharsias*": "uncleanness/impurity/filthiness" } } 28 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.28", "source": "Οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔξωθεν μὲν φαίνεσθε τοῖς ἀνθρώποις δίκαιοι, ἔσωθεν δὲ μεστοί ἐστε ὑποκρίσεως καὶ ἀνομίας.", "text": "*Houtōs* also you *exōthen* *men* *phainesthe* to-the *anthrōpois* *dikaioi*, *esōthen* *de* *mestoi* *este* *hypokriseōs* and *anomias*.", "grammar": { "*Houtōs*": "adverb - thus/in this way", "*kai*": "adverb - also/too", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you (emphatic, subject)", "*exōthen*": "adverb - outside/exterior", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand (correlates with de)", "*phainesthe*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 2nd person plural - you appear/seem", "*anthrōpois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to men/people", "*dikaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - righteous/just", "*esōthen*": "adverb - inside/interior", "*de*": "particle - on the other hand (correlates with men)", "*mestoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - full/filled", "*este*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you are", "*hypokriseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of hypocrisy", "*anomias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of lawlessness/iniquity" }, "variants": { "*Houtōs*": "thus/in this way/likewise", "*exōthen*": "outside/outwardly/on the exterior", "*phainesthe*": "appear/seem/look", "*dikaioi*": "righteous/just/upright", "*esōthen*": "inside/inwardly/on the interior", "*mestoi*": "full/filled with/complete with", "*hypokriseōs*": "hypocrisy/pretense/play-acting", "*anomias*": "lawlessness/iniquity/unrighteousness" } }
• John 3:3 : 3 { "verseID": "John.3.3", "source": "Ἀπεκρίθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν, λέγω σοι, Ἐὰν μή τις γεννηθῇ ἄνωθεν, οὐ δύναται ἰδεῖν τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "*Apekrithē ho Iēsous kai eipen* to him, *Amēn, amēn, legō soi*, Unless *tis gennēthē anōthen*, not *dunatai idein tēn basileian tou Theou*.", "grammar": { "*Apekrithē*": "aorist, passive, 3rd singular - answered/responded", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*eipen*": "aorist, 3rd singular - said/spoke", "*Amēn*": "Hebrew term - truly/verily [emphatic affirmation]", "*legō*": "present, 1st singular - I say/tell", "*soi*": "personal pronoun, dative - to you", "*tis*": "indefinite pronoun, nominative - anyone/someone", "*gennēthē*": "aorist, passive, subjunctive, 3rd singular - might be born", "*anōthen*": "adverb - from above/again", "*dunatai*": "present, middle/passive, 3rd singular - is able/can", "*idein*": "aorist, infinitive - to see/perceive", "*basileian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - kingdom/reign", "*tou Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*Amēn*": "truly/verily/certainly [solemn assertion]", "*anōthen*": "from above/again/anew [deliberate double meaning]", "*idein*": "to see/perceive/experience", "*basileian*": "kingdom/reign/rule/sovereignty" } }
• Rom 10:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Romans.10.15", "source": "Πῶς δὲ κηρύξουσιν, ἐὰν μὴ ἀποσταλῶσιν; καθὼς γέγραπται, Ὡς ὡραῖοι οἱ πόδες τῶν εὐαγγελιζομένων εἰρήνην, τῶν εὐαγγελιζομένων τὰ ἀγαθά!", "text": "*Pōs de kēryxousin*, *ean mē apostalōsin*? *kathōs gegraptai*, *Hōs hōraioi hoi podes tōn euangelizomenōn eirēnēn*, *tōn euangelizomenōn ta agatha*!", "grammar": { "*Pōs*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*kēryxousin*": "future indicative, active, 3rd plural - they will preach", "*ean mē*": "conditional negative - if not/unless", "*apostalōsin*": "aorist subjunctive, passive, 3rd plural - they are sent", "*kathōs*": "comparative conjunction - just as", "*gegraptai*": "perfect passive, 3rd singular - it has been written", "*Hōs*": "adverb - how", "*hōraioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - beautiful", "*hoi podes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - the feet", "*tōn euangelizomenōn*": "present participle, genitive, masculine, plural - of the ones evangelizing", "*eirēnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - peace", "*ta agatha*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the good things" }, "variants": { "*kēryxousin*": "they will preach/proclaim/herald", "*apostalōsin*": "they are sent/commissioned/dispatched", "*hōraioi*": "beautiful/timely/lovely", "*euangelizomenōn*": "bringing good news/evangelizing/preaching good news", "*agatha*": "good things/benefits/blessings" } }
• Isa 56:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.10", "source": "*צפו **צֹפָ֞יו עִוְרִ֤ים כֻּלָּם֙ לֹ֣א יָדָ֔עוּ כֻּלָּם֙ כְּלָבִ֣ים אִלְּמִ֔ים לֹ֥א יוּכְל֖וּ לִנְבֹּ֑חַ הֹזִים֙ שֹֽׁכְבִ֔ים אֹהֲבֵ֖י לָנֽוּם׃", "text": "*ṣōpāyw* *ʿiwrîm* *kullām*, not *yādāʿû*; *kullām* *kĕlābîm* *ʾillĕmîm*, not *yûklû* *linbōaḥ*; *hōzîm* *šōkĕbîm*, *ʾōhăbê* *lānûm*.", "grammar": { "*ṣōpāyw*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his watchmen", "*ʿiwrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - blind", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādāʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know/knew", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*kĕlābîm*": "masculine plural noun - dogs", "*ʾillĕmîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mute/unable to speak", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yûklû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they are able", "*linbōaḥ*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to bark", "*hōzîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - dreaming/seeing visions", "*šōkĕbîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - lying down", "*ʾōhăbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - loving", "*lānûm*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to slumber" }, "variants": { "*ṣōpāyw*": "his watchmen/lookouts/sentinels", "*ʿiwrîm*": "blind/sightless", "*yādāʿû*": "they know/understand/perceive", "*kĕlābîm*": "dogs/scavengers", "*ʾillĕmîm*": "mute/silent/unable to speak", "*hōzîm*": "dreamers/visionaries/those seeing visions", "*šōkĕbîm*": "lying down/reclining", "*ʾōhăbê lānûm*": "loving to slumber/fond of sleeping" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.11", "source": "וְהַכְּלָבִ֣ים עַזֵּי־נֶ֗פֶשׁ לֹ֤א יָֽדְעוּ֙ שָׂבְעָ֔ה וְהֵ֣מָּה רֹעִ֔ים לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ הָבִ֑ין כֻּלָּם֙ לְדַרְכָּ֣ם פָּנ֔וּ אִ֥ישׁ לְבִצְע֖וֹ מִקָּצֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "And *hakkĕlābîm* *ʿazzê*-*nepeš*, not *yādĕʿû* *śobʿāh*; and they [are] *rōʿîm* [who] not *yādĕʿû* *hābîn*; *kullām* to-*darkām* *pānû*, *ʾîš* to-*biṣʿô* from-*qāṣēhû*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hakkĕlābîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the dogs", "*ʿazzê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - fierce/strong/greedy of", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/appetite/desire", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know", "*śobʿāh*": "feminine singular noun - satisfaction/fullness", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - they", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds/pastors", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know", "*hābîn*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to understand/discern", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lĕdarkām*": "preposition with feminine singular noun and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to their way", "*pānû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they turned", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man/each one", "*lĕbiṣʿô*": "preposition with masculine singular noun and 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his gain", "*miqqāṣēhû*": "preposition with masculine singular noun and 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his end/extremity" }, "variants": { "*hakkĕlābîm*": "the dogs/scavengers", "*ʿazzê-nepeš*": "greedy of appetite/fierce in soul/strong in desire", "*śobʿāh*": "satisfaction/fullness/contentment", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/pastors/leaders", "*hābîn*": "to understand/discern/have insight", "*pānû*": "they turned/faced/looked", "*lĕbiṣʿô*": "to his gain/profit/unjust gain", "*miqqāṣēhû*": "from his end/extremity/quarter (idiom: every one of them without exception)" } } 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.12", "source": "אֵתָ֥יוּ אֶקְחָה־יַ֖יִן וְנִסְבְּאָ֣ה שֵׁכָ֑ר וְהָיָ֤ה כָזֶה֙ י֣וֹם מָחָ֔ר גָּד֖וֹל יֶ֥תֶר מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "*ʾētāyû*, *ʾeqḥāh*-*yayin* and *nisbbĕʾāh* *šēkār*; and *hāyāh* like-this *yôm* *māḥār*, *gādôl* *yeter* *mĕʾōd*.", "grammar": { "*ʾētāyû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - come", "*ʾeqḥāh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular, cohortative - let me take/fetch", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun - wine", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*nisbbĕʾāh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person plural, cohortative - let us drink our fill", "*šēkār*": "masculine singular noun - strong drink/intoxicating drink", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*kāzeh*": "preposition with demonstrative pronoun - like this", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - day", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*yeter*": "masculine singular noun - exceeding/abundant/remnant", "*mĕʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*ʾētāyû*": "come!/arrive!/enter!", "*ʾeqḥāh-yayin*": "let me fetch wine/I will take wine", "*nisbbĕʾāh*": "let us drink our fill/let us be intoxicated/let us carouse", "*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating drink/beer", "*kāzeh yôm māḥār*": "like this day tomorrow/tomorrow will be like today", "*gādôl yeter mĕʾōd*": "exceedingly great/very abundant/even much better" } }
• Jer 14:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.15", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה עַֽל־הַנְּבִאִ֞ים הַנִּבְּאִ֣ים בִּשְׁמִי֮ וַאֲנִ֣י לֹֽא־שְׁלַחְתִּים֒ וְהֵ֙מָּה֙ אֹֽמְרִ֔ים חֶ֣רֶב וְרָעָ֔ב לֹ֥א יִהְיֶ֖ה בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֑את בַּחֶ֤רֶב וּבָֽרָעָב֙ יִתַּ֔מּוּ הַנְּבִאִ֖ים הָהֵֽמָּה׃", "text": "Therefore thus-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* concerning-the-*nəḇīʾîm* the-*nibbəʾîm* in-*šəmî* and-I not-*šəlaḥtîm* and-they *ʾōmərîm* *ḥereḇ* and-*rāʿāḇ* not *yihyeh* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-this by-the-*ḥereḇ* and-by-the-*rāʿāḇ* *yittammû* the-*nəḇīʾîm* the-those", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*nəḇīʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural with preposition + definite article - concerning the prophets", "*nibbəʾîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones prophesying", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix with preposition - in my name", "*šəlaḥtîm*": "qal perfect, 1st singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix with negative particle - I did not send them", "*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - saying", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*rāʿāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - famine", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine with negative particle - it will not be", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition + definite article - in the land", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition + definite article - by the sword", "*rāʿāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition + definite article - by the famine", "*yittammû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will be consumed/finished", "*nəḇīʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the prophets" }, "variants": { "*yittammû*": "they will be consumed/finished/completed/destroyed" } }
• Jer 23:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.16", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת אַֽל־תִּשְׁמְע֞וּ עַל־דִּבְרֵ֤י הַנְּבִאִים֙ הַנִּבְּאִ֣ים לָכֶ֔ם מַהְבִּלִ֥ים הֵ֖מָּה אֶתְכֶ֑ם חֲז֤וֹן לִבָּם֙ יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ לֹ֖א מִפִּ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*: *ʾal*-*tišməʿû* upon-*dibrê* the-*nəbīʾîm* the-*nibəʾîm* to-you, *mahbilîm* they you; *ḥăzôn* *libbām* *yədabbērû*, not from-*pî* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - hosts/armies", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*tišməʿû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - listen/hear/obey", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*nəbīʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - prophets", "*nibəʾîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - prophesying", "*mahbilîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - causing to be vain/making empty", "*ḥăzôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - vision of", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*yədabbērû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they speak", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of" }, "variants": { "*mahbilîm*": "causing to be vain/making empty/filling with false hopes", "*ḥăzôn*": "vision/revelation/oracle", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/will/understanding" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.17", "source": "אֹמְרִ֤ים אָמוֹר֙ לִֽמְנַאֲצַ֔י דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שָׁל֖וֹם יִֽהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם וְ֠כֹל הֹלֵ֞ךְ בִּשְׁרִר֤וּת לִבּוֹ֙ אָֽמְר֔וּ לֹֽא־תָב֥וֹא עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם רָעָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾōmərîm* *ʾāmôr* to-*mənaʾăṣay*: *dibber* *YHWH*, *šālôm* *yihyeh* to-you; and-all *hōlēk* in-*šərirût* *libbô* *ʾāmərû*: not-*tābôʾ* upon-you *rāʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - saying/speaking", "*ʾāmôr*": "infinitive absolute - saying repeatedly/emphatically", "*mənaʾăṣay*": "piel participle, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - those despising me", "*dibber*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke/declared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/welfare/prosperity", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be", "*hōlēk*": "qal participle, masculine singular - walking/following", "*šərirût*": "noun, feminine singular construct - stubbornness of", "*libbô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*ʾāmərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they said", "*tābôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will come", "*rāʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster/calamity" }, "variants": { "*mənaʾăṣay*": "those despising me/my rejecters/those contemning me", "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/prosperity/safety/completeness", "*šərirût*": "stubbornness/firmness/obstinacy", "*libbô*": "his heart/mind/will/understanding", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune" } }
• Jer 23:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.21", "source": "לֹא־שָׁלַ֥חְתִּי אֶת־הַנְּבִאִ֖ים וְהֵ֣ם רָ֑צוּ לֹא־דִבַּ֥רְתִּי אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וְהֵ֥ם נִבָּֽאוּ׃", "text": "Not-*šālaḥtî* *ʾet*-the-*nəbīʾîm* and-they *rāṣû*; not-*dibbartî* to-them and-they *nibbāʾû*.", "grammar": { "*šālaḥtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I sent", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nəbīʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - prophets", "*rāṣû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they ran", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect, 1st singular - I spoke", "*nibbāʾû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they prophesied" }, "variants": { "*rāṣû*": "they ran/they hurried/they rushed", "*nibbāʾû*": "they prophesied/they acted as prophets" } }
• Jer 23:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.32", "source": "הִ֠נְנִי עַֽל־נִבְּאֵ֞י חֲלֹמ֥וֹת שֶׁ֙קֶר֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וַֽיְסַפְּרוּם֙ וַיַּתְע֣וּ אֶת־עַמִּ֔י בְּשִׁקְרֵיהֶ֖ם וּבְפַחֲזוּתָ֑ם וְאָנֹכִ֨י לֹֽא־שְׁלַחְתִּ֜ים וְלֹ֣א צִוִּיתִ֗ים וְהוֹעֵ֛יל לֹֽא־יוֹעִ֥ילוּ לָֽעָם־הַזֶּ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה", "text": "*Hinnēnî* against-*nībbeʾê* *ḥălōmôt* *šeqer* *neʾum*-*YHWH*, and-*yesapperûm* and-*yatʿû* *ʾet*-*ʿammî* in-*šiqrêhem* and-in-*paḥăzûtām*; and-*ʾānōkî* not-*šelaḥtîm* and-not *ṣiwwîtîm*, and-*hôʿêl* not-*yôʿîlû* to-*ʿām*-the-this *neʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Hinnēnî*": "particle + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*nībbeʾê*": "construct plural noun - prophets of", "*ḥălōmôt*": "construct plural noun - dreams of", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie", "*neʾum*": "construct noun - utterance/declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*yesapperûm*": "imperfect 3rd person plural + 3rd person plural suffix - they tell them", "*yatʿû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - they lead astray", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿammî*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*šiqrêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix - their lies", "*paḥăzûtām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix - their recklessness", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*šelaḥtîm*": "perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person plural suffix - I sent them", "*ṣiwwîtîm*": "perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person plural suffix - I commanded them", "*hôʿêl*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - to profit/benefit", "*yôʿîlû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - they will profit/benefit", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of" }, "variants": { "*Hinnēnî*": "behold me/I am/I am here", "*nībbeʾê*": "prophets of/those who prophesy", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*neʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle", "*yesapperûm*": "they tell them/they recount them", "*yatʿû*": "they lead astray/they cause to err", "*paḥăzûtām*": "their recklessness/their wantonness/their frivolity", "*hôʿêl*": "profiting/benefiting", "*yôʿîlû*": "they will profit/they will benefit/they will help" } }
• Jer 28:15-17 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.28.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִרְמְיָ֧ה הַנָּבִ֛יא אֶל־חֲנַנְיָ֥ה הַנָּבִ֖יא שְׁמַֽע־נָ֣א חֲנַנְיָ֑ה לֹֽא־שְׁלָחֲךָ֣ יְהוָ֔ה וְאַתָּ֗ה הִבְטַ֛חְתָּ אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה עַל־שָֽׁקֶר", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *yirmyâ* the-*nābîʾ* to-*ḥănanyâ* the-*nābîʾ* *šəmaʿ*-*nāʾ* *ḥănanyâ* not-*šəlāḥăkā* *YHWH* and-*ʾattâ* *hibṭaḥtā* *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* upon-*šāqer*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*yirmyâ*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*nābîʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - prophet", "*ḥănanyâ*": "proper noun - Hananiah", "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - hear/listen", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*šəlāḥăkā*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - he sent you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*hibṭaḥtā*": "hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have made trust", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*šāqer*": "noun, masculine singular - lie/falsehood" }, "variants": { "*nābîʾ*": "prophet/one who speaks for God", "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/pay attention", "*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray", "*šəlāḥăkā*": "he sent you/he commissioned you", "*hibṭaḥtā*": "you have made to trust/you have caused to rely", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/crowd", "*šāqer*": "lie/falsehood/deception" } } 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.28.16", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִי֙ מְשַֽׁלֵּֽחֲךָ֔ מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה הַשָּׁנָה֙ אַתָּ֣ה מֵ֔ת כִּֽי־סָרָ֥ה דִבַּ֖רְתָּ אֶל־יְהוָֽה", "text": "Therefore thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *hinənî* *məšallēḥăkā* from-upon *pənê* the-*ʾădāmâ* the-*šānâ* *ʾattâ* *mēt* because-*sārâ* *dibbartā* against-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*məšallēḥăkā*": "piel participle masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - sending you away", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/surface of", "*ʾădāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - ground/land/earth", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - year", "*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*mēt*": "qal participle masculine singular - dying/dead", "*sārâ*": "noun, feminine singular - rebellion/turning aside", "*dibbartā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have spoken" }, "variants": { "*hinənî*": "behold me/here I am/look, I am about to", "*məšallēḥăkā*": "sending you away/dismissing you/removing you", "*pənê*": "face/surface/presence", "*ʾădāmâ*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*mēt*": "dying/dead/will die", "*sārâ*": "rebellion/revolt/turning aside/defection", "*dibbartā*": "you have spoken/you have declared" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.28.17", "source": "וַיָּ֛מָת חֲנַנְיָ֥ה הַנָּבִ֖יא בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַהִ֑יא בַּחֹ֖דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִֽי", "text": "*wa-yāmāt* *ḥănanyâ* the-*nābîʾ* in-*šānâ* the-*hî* in-*ḥōdeš* the-*šəbîʿî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*ḥănanyâ*": "proper noun - Hananiah", "*nābîʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - prophet", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - year", "*hî*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - that", "*ḥōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - month", "*šəbîʿî*": "ordinal number, masculine singular - seventh" }, "variants": { "*wa-yāmāt*": "and he died/and he expired", "*nābîʾ*": "prophet/one who speaks for God", "*šānâ*": "year/season", "*ḥōdeš*": "month/new moon" } }
• Jer 29:31-32 : 31 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.29.31", "source": "שְׁלַ֤ח עַל־כָּל־הַגּוֹלָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־שְׁמַעְיָ֖ה הַנֶּחֱלָמִ֑י יַ֡עַן אֲשֶׁר֩ נִבָּ֨א לָכֶ֜ם שְׁמַעְיָ֗ה וַֽאֲנִי֙ לֹ֣א שְׁלַחְתִּ֔יו וַיַּבְטַ֥ח אֶתְכֶ֖ם עַל־שָֽׁקֶר׃", "text": "*shəlaḥ* *ʿal*-all-the-*gôlāh* *lēʾmōr* thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*Shəmaʿyāh* the-*neḥělāmî* *yaʿan* *ʾăsher* *nibbāʾ* to-you(plural) *Shəmaʿyāh* *wə-ʾănî* not *shəlaḥtîw* *wə-yavṭaḥ* you(plural) *ʿal*-*shāqer*", "grammar": { "*shəlaḥ*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - send", "*ʿal*": "preposition - to/concerning", "*gôlāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the exile/exiles", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*Shəmaʿyāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Shemaiah", "*neḥělāmî*": "adjective or gentilic noun with definite article - the Nehelamite", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*ʾăsher*": "relative particle - that/which/who", "*nibbāʾ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - prophesied", "*wə-ʾănî*": "conjunction + personal pronoun, 1st singular - and I", "*shəlaḥtîw*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I sent him", "*wə-yavṭaḥ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to trust", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on/upon", "*shāqer*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie" }, "variants": { "*shəlaḥ*": "send/dispatch", "*gôlāh*": "exile/exiles/captivity", "*neḥělāmî*": "Nehelamite/dreamer (if from root related to dreams)", "*yaʿan*": "because/since/on account of", "*nibbāʾ*": "prophesied/spoke as a prophet", "*wə-yavṭaḥ*": "and he made [you] trust/rely/be confident in" } } 32 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.29.32", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה הִנְנִ֨י פֹקֵ֜ד עַל־שְׁמַעְיָ֣ה הַנֶּחֱלָמִי֮ וְעַל־זַרְעוֹ֒ לֹא־יִהְיֶ֨ה ל֜וֹ אִ֣ישׁ ׀ יוֹשֵׁ֣ב ׀ בְּתוֹךְ־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֗ה וְלֹֽא־יִרְאֶ֥ה בַטּ֛וֹב אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י עֹשֶֽׂה־לְעַמִּ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה כִּֽי־סָרָ֥ה דִבֶּ֖ר עַל־יְהוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*lākēn* thus-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* *hinənî* *pōqēd* *ʿal*-*Shəmaʿyāh* the-*neḥělāmî* *wə-ʿal*-*zarʿô* not-*yihyeh* to-him *ʾîsh* *yôshēv* *bə-tôk*-the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* *wə-lōʾ*-*yirʾeh* in-the-*ṭôv* *ʾăsher*-I *ʿōśeh*-for-*ʿammî* *nəʾum*-*YHWH* *kî*-*sārāh* *dibbēr* *ʿal*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*hinənî*": "particle + 1st singular pronominal suffix - behold me/I am", "*pōqēd*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - visiting/punishing", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/against", "*Shəmaʿyāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Shemaiah", "*neḥělāmî*": "adjective or gentilic noun with definite article - the Nehelamite", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon/against", "*zarʿô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his seed/offspring", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be", "*ʾîsh*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yôshēv*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/sitting", "*bə-tôk*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular with definite article - this", "*yirʾeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will see", "*ṭôv*": "noun/adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the good", "*ʾăsher*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ʿōśeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - doing/making", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st singular suffix - my people", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*sārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - rebellion/apostasy", "*dibbēr*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke/declared", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/for this reason", "*hinənî*": "behold me/here I am/I am about to", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*zarʿô*": "his seed/offspring/descendants", "*yôshēv*": "dwelling/sitting/living/remaining", "*bə-tôk*": "in the midst of/among", "*ṭôv*": "good/pleasant/beneficial/prosperity", "*sārāh*": "rebellion/apostasy/revolt/turning aside" } }
• Ezek 13:2-6 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.13.2", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הִנָּבֵ֛א אֶל־נְבִיאֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הַנִּבָּאִ֑ים וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ לִנְבִיאֵ֣י מִלִּבָּ֔ם שִׁמְע֖וּ דְּבַר־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*ben*-*ʾādām* *hinnāḇēʾ* *ʾel*-*nəḇîʾê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ha-nnibāʾîm* *wə-ʾāmartā* *li-nəḇîʾê* *mi-llibām* *šimʿû* *dəḇar*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "construct phrase, vocative - son of man", "*hinnāḇēʾ*": "Niphal imperative masculine singular - prophesy", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/against", "*nəḇîʾê*": "construct masculine plural - prophets of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ha-nnibāʾîm*": "article + Niphal participle masculine plural - the ones prophesying", "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*li-nəḇîʾê*": "preposition + construct masculine plural - to prophets of", "*mi-llibām*": "preposition + noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from their heart", "*šimʿû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - hear/listen", "*dəḇar*": "construct masculine singular - word of" }, "variants": { "*mi-llibām*": "from their heart/mind/inner self/own imagination", "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey/understand" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.13.3", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה ה֖וֹי עַל־הַנְּבִיאִ֣ים הַנְּבָלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֹלְכִ֛ים אַחַ֥ר רוּחָ֖ם וּלְבִלְתִּ֥י רָאֽוּ׃", "text": "*kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾĂdōnāy* *YHWH* *hôy* *ʿal*-*ha-nəḇîʾîm* *ha-nəḇālîm* *ʾăšer* *hōləḵîm* *ʾaḥar* *rûḥām* *û-ləḇiltî* *rāʾû*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/says", "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "noun + 1st person plural suffix used as divine title - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/upon", "*ha-nəḇîʾîm*": "article + masculine plural noun - the prophets", "*ha-nəḇālîm*": "article + adjective masculine plural - the foolish/senseless", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*hōləḵîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - walking/following", "*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - after", "*rûḥām*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their spirit", "*û-ləḇiltî*": "conjunction + preposition - and without", "*rāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they have seen" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*ha-nəḇālîm*": "foolish/senseless/disgraceful", "*rûḥām*": "their spirit/wind/breath/mind", "*ləḇiltî*": "without/not/so as not to" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.13.4", "source": "כְּשֻׁעָלִ֖ים בָּחֳרָב֑וֹת נְבִיאֶ֥יךָ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הָיֽוּ׃", "text": "*kə-šuʿālîm* *bā-ḥorāḇôt* *nəḇîʾeḵā* *Yiśrāʾēl* *hāyû*", "grammar": { "*kə-šuʿālîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - like foxes/jackals", "*bā-ḥorāḇôt*": "preposition + article + feminine plural noun - in the ruins", "*nəḇîʾeḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your prophets", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they were/have been" }, "variants": { "*šuʿālîm*": "foxes/jackals", "*ḥorāḇôt*": "ruins/waste places/desolate places" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.13.5", "source": "לֹ֤א עֲלִיתֶם֙ בַּפְּרָצ֔וֹת וַתִּגְדְּר֥וּ גָדֵ֖ר עַל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל לַעֲמֹ֥ד בַּמִּלְחָמָ֖ה בְּי֥וֹם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*lōʾ* *ʿălîtem* *ba-pərāṣôt* *wa-tigdərû* *gādēr* *ʿal*-*bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl* *la-ʿămōd* *ba-mmilḥāmāh* *bə-yôm* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿălîtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you went up/ascended", "*ba-pərāṣôt*": "preposition + article + feminine plural noun - in the breaches", "*wa-tigdərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - and you repaired/built", "*gādēr*": "masculine singular noun - wall/fence", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for", "*bêt*": "construct masculine singular - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*la-ʿămōd*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to stand", "*ba-mmilḥāmāh*": "preposition + article + feminine singular noun - in the battle", "*bə-yôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in day of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*pərāṣôt*": "breaches/gaps/broken places", "*gādēr*": "wall/fence/hedge/barrier", "*la-ʿămōd*": "to stand/withstand/take a stand" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.13.6", "source": "חָ֤זוּ שָׁוְא֙ וְקֶ֣סֶם כָּזָ֔ב הָאֹֽמְרִים֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וַֽיהוָ֖ה לֹ֣א שְׁלָחָ֑ם וְיִֽחֲל֖וּ לְקַיֵּ֥ם דָּבָֽר׃", "text": "*ḥāzû* *šāwəʾ* *wə-qesem* *kāzāḇ* *hā-ʾōmərîm* *nəʾum*-*YHWH* *wa-YHWH* *lōʾ* *šəlāḥām* *wə-yiḥălû* *lə-qayyēm* *dāḇār*", "grammar": { "*ḥāzû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they have seen/envisioned", "*šāwəʾ*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/emptiness", "*wə-qesem*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and divination", "*kāzāḇ*": "masculine singular adjective - false/lying", "*hā-ʾōmərîm*": "article + Qal participle masculine plural - the ones saying", "*nəʾum*": "construct masculine singular - utterance/oracle of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*wa-YHWH*": "conjunction + divine name - and Yahweh/LORD", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šəlāḥām*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - sent them", "*wə-yiḥălû*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd common plural - and they hope/expect", "*lə-qayyēm*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to confirm/establish", "*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun - word/matter" }, "variants": { "*šāwəʾ*": "falsehood/emptiness/vanity/worthlessness", "*qesem*": "divination/oracle/prediction", "*kāzāḇ*": "false/lying/deceptive", "*nəʾum*": "utterance/oracle/declaration", "*yiḥălû*": "they hope/expect/wait for" } }
• Ezek 34:2-5 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.2", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הִנָּבֵ֖א עַל־רוֹעֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הִנָּבֵ֣א וְאָמַרְתָּ֩ אֲלֵיהֶ֨ם לָרֹעִ֜ים כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה ה֤וֹי רֹעֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הָיוּ֙ רֹעִ֣ים אוֹתָ֔ם הֲל֣וֹא הַצֹּ֔אן יִרְע֖וּ הָרֹעִֽים׃", "text": "*ben*-*ʾādām* *hinnāḇēʾ* against-*rôʿê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *hinnāḇēʾ* and-*ʾāmartā* unto-them to-the-*rōʿîm* thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *hôy* *rōʿê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* who *hāyû* *rōʿîm* them, *hălôʾ* the-*ṣōʾn* *yirʿû* the-*rōʿîm*?", "grammar": { "*ben*": "construct state, masculine singular - son of", "*ʾādām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - man/Adam/mankind", "*hinnāḇēʾ*": "niphal imperative, masculine singular - prophesy", "*rôʿê*": "plural construct state - shepherds of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun", "*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - and you will say", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*ʾădōnāy*": "proper noun, divine title - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they were", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is it not?", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular collective - flock/sheep", "*yirʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they feed/shepherd" }, "variants": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "son of man/human", "*hinnāḇēʾ*": "prophesy/speak as a prophet", "*rôʿê*": "shepherds/pastors/rulers", "*ʾāmartā*": "you shall say/speak", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/those who feed", "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*hālôʾ*": "is it not?/shouldn't?", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/small cattle", "*yirʿû*": "they should feed/tend/shepherd" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.3", "source": "אֶת־הַחֵ֤לֶב תֹּאכֵ֙לוּ֙ וְאֶת־הַצֶּ֣מֶר תִּלְבָּ֔שׁוּ הַבְּרִיאָ֖ה תִּזְבָּ֑חוּ הַצֹּ֖אן לֹ֥א תִרְעֽוּ׃", "text": "*ʾēṯ*-the-*ḥēleḇ* *tōʾḵēlû* and-*ʾēṯ*-the-*ṣemer* *tilbāšû*, the-*bərîʾâ* *tizbāḥû*, the-*ṣōʾn* not *ṯirʿû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ḥēleḇ*": "common noun, masculine singular - fat", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you eat", "*ṣemer*": "common noun, masculine singular - wool", "*tilbāšû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you clothe/wear", "*bərîʾâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - fat/fattened", "*tizbāḥû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you slaughter/sacrifice", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular collective - flock/sheep", "*ṯirʿû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you feed/shepherd" }, "variants": { "*ḥēleḇ*": "fat/best part", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "you eat/consume/devour", "*ṣemer*": "wool/fleece", "*tilbāšû*": "you wear/clothe yourselves with", "*bərîʾâ*": "fat/fattened/plump [animal]", "*tizbāḥû*": "you slaughter/kill/sacrifice", "*ṯirʿû*": "you shepherd/feed/tend" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.4", "source": "אֶֽת־הַנַּחְלוֹת֩ לֹ֨א חִזַּקְתֶּ֜ם וְאֶת־הַחוֹלָ֣ה לֹֽא־רִפֵּאתֶ֗ם וְלַנִּשְׁבֶּ֙רֶת֙ לֹ֣א חֲבַשְׁתֶּ֔ם וְאֶת־הַנִּדַּ֙חַת֙ לֹ֣א הֲשֵׁבֹתֶ֔ם וְאֶת־הָאֹבֶ֖דֶת לֹ֣א בִקַּשְׁתֶּ֑ם וּבְחָזְקָ֛ה רְדִיתֶ֥ם אֹתָ֖ם וּבְפָֽרֶךְ׃", "text": "*ʾēṯ*-the-*naḥlôṯ* not *ḥizzaqtem* and-*ʾēṯ*-the-*ḥôlâ* not-*rippēʾṯem* and-to-the-*nišbereṯ* not *ḥăḇaštem* and-*ʾēṯ*-the-*niddaḥaṯ* not *hăšēḇōṯem* and-*ʾēṯ*-the-*ʾōḇedeṯ* not *biqqaštem*, and-in-*ḥozqâ* *rəḏîṯem* them and-in-*pāreḵ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*naḥlôṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine plural - weak/sick ones", "*ḥizzaqtem*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you strengthened", "*ḥôlâ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - sick one", "*rippēʾṯem*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you healed", "*nišbereṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - broken one", "*ḥăḇaštem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you bound up", "*niddaḥaṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - driven away/scattered one", "*hăšēḇōṯem*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you brought back", "*ʾōḇedeṯ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - lost one", "*biqqaštem*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you sought", "*ḥozqâ*": "noun, feminine singular - strength/force", "*rəḏîṯem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you ruled", "*pāreḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - harshness/severity" }, "variants": { "*naḥlôṯ*": "weak/sick/diseased ones", "*ḥizzaqtem*": "you strengthened/made strong/supported", "*ḥôlâ*": "sick/ill/diseased one", "*rippēʾṯem*": "you healed/cured", "*nišbereṯ*": "broken/injured/fractured one", "*ḥăḇaštem*": "you bound up/bandaged", "*niddaḥaṯ*": "driven away/banished/outcast one", "*hăšēḇōṯem*": "you brought back/returned/restored", "*ʾōḇedeṯ*": "lost/straying/perishing one", "*biqqaštem*": "you sought/searched for", "*ḥozqâ*": "force/harshness/severity", "*rəḏîṯem*": "you ruled/dominated/governed", "*pāreḵ*": "harshness/rigor/cruelty" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.5", "source": "וַתְּפוּצֶ֖ינָה מִבְּלִ֣י רֹעֶ֑ה וַתִּהְיֶ֧ינָה לְאָכְלָ֛ה לְכָל־חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה וַתְּפוּצֶֽינָה׃", "text": "And-*wattəp̄ûṣeynâ* from-without *rōʿeh*, and-*wattiḥyeynâ* for-*ʾoḵlâ* to-all-*ḥayyaṯ* the-*śāḏeh* and-*wattəp̄ûṣeynâ*.", "grammar": { "*wattəp̄ûṣeynâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural with waw-consecutive - and they were scattered", "*rōʿeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - shepherd", "*wattiḥyeynâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural with waw-consecutive - and they became", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - food", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "construct state, feminine singular - living thing/beast of", "*śāḏeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field" }, "variants": { "*wattəp̄ûṣeynâ*": "and they were scattered/dispersed", "*rōʿeh*": "shepherd/herdsman/pastor", "*wattiḥyeynâ*": "and they became/were", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "food/prey/consumption", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "beasts/animals of", "*śāḏeh*": "field/open country/wild" } }
• Zech 11:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.4", "source": "כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֑י רְעֵ֖ה אֶת־צֹ֥אן הַהֲרֵגָֽה׃", "text": "*kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhāy* *rəʿēh* *ʾeṯ-ṣōʾn* *hahărēḡāh*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my God", "*rəʿēh*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal - shepherd/pasture/feed", "*ʾeṯ-ṣōʾn*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the flock of", "*hahărēḡāh*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the slaughter" }, "variants": { "*kōh*": "thus/so/in this manner", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*YHWH*": "LORD/Yahweh (divine name)", "*ʾĕlōhāy*": "my God", "*rəʿēh*": "shepherd/tend/pasture/feed", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep", "*hahărēḡāh*": "the slaughter/killing/destruction" } } 5 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.5", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֨ר קֹנֵיהֶ֤ן יַֽהֲרְגֻן֙ וְלֹ֣א יֶאְשָׁ֔מוּ וּמֹכְרֵיהֶ֣ן יֹאמַ֔ר בָּר֥וּךְ יְהוָ֖ה וַאעְשִׁ֑ר וְרֹ֣עֵיהֶ֔ם לֹ֥א יַחְמ֖וֹל עֲלֵיהֶֽן׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *qōnêhen* *yahărḡun* *wəlōʾ* *yeʾšāmû* *ûmōḵərêhen* *yōʾmar* *bārûḵ* *YHWH* *waʿšir* *wərōʿêhem* *lōʾ* *yaḥmôl* *ʿălêhen*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/whom", "*qōnêhen*": "participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine plural suffix, qal - their buyers", "*yahărḡun*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they kill/slay", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yeʾšāmû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they feel guilty", "*ûmōḵərêhen*": "conjunction + participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine plural suffix, qal - and their sellers", "*yōʾmar*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - says/will say", "*bārûḵ*": "passive participle, masculine singular, qal - blessed", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*waʿšir*": "conjunction + imperfect, 1st person singular, qal - and I become rich", "*wərōʿêhem*": "conjunction + participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix, qal - and their shepherds", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaḥmôl*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - he has pity/compassion", "*ʿălêhen*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine plural suffix - upon them" }, "variants": { "*qōnêhen*": "their buyers/purchasers", "*yahărḡun*": "they kill/slay/slaughter", "*yeʾšāmû*": "they feel guilty/acknowledge guilt/are held responsible", "*mōḵərêhen*": "their sellers/vendors", "*yōʾmar*": "says/will say", "*bārûḵ*": "blessed/praised", "*waʿšir*": "and I become rich/wealthy", "*rōʿêhem*": "their shepherds/pastors", "*yaḥmôl*": "has pity/shows compassion/spares", "*ʿălêhen*": "upon them/concerning them" } }
• Zech 11:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.16", "source": "כִּ֣י הִנֵּֽה־אָנֹכִי֩ מֵקִ֨ים רֹעֶ֜ה בָּאָ֗רֶץ הַנִּכְחָד֤וֹת לֹֽא־יִפְקֹד֙ הַנַּ֣עַר לֹֽא־יְבַקֵּ֔שׁ וְהַנִּשְׁבֶּ֖רֶת לֹ֣א יְרַפֵּ֑א הַנִּצָּבָה֙ לֹ֣א יְכַלְכֵּ֔ל וּבְשַׂ֤ר הַבְּרִיאָה֙ יֹאכַ֔ל וּפַרְסֵיהֶ֖ן יְפָרֵֽק׃ ס", "text": "*kî* *hinnēh-ʾānōḵî* *mēqîm* *rōʿeh* *bāʾāreṣ* *hannikḥāḏôṯ* *lōʾ-yip̄qōḏ* *hannaʿar* *lōʾ-yəḇaqqēš* *wəhannišbereṯ* *lōʾ* *yərappēʾ* *hanniṣṣāḇāh* *lōʾ* *yəḵalkēl* *ûḇəśar* *habbrîʾāh* *yōʾḵal* *ûp̄arsêhen* *yəp̄ārēq*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hinnēh-ʾānōḵî*": "demonstrative particle + personal pronoun, 1st person singular - behold I", "*mēqîm*": "participle, masculine singular, hiphil - raising up", "*rōʿeh*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - shepherd", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - in the land", "*hannikḥāḏôṯ*": "article + participle, feminine plural, niphal - the ones being cut off", "*lōʾ-yip̄qōḏ*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - he will not visit/attend to", "*hannaʿar*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the young one", "*lōʾ-yəḇaqqēš*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he will not seek", "*wəhannišbereṯ*": "conjunction + article + participle, feminine singular, niphal - and the broken one", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yərappēʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he will heal", "*hanniṣṣāḇāh*": "article + participle, feminine singular, niphal - the one standing/healthy", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yəḵalkēl*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, pilpel - he will sustain", "*ûḇəśar*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and flesh of", "*habbrîʾāh*": "article + adjective, feminine singular - the fat one", "*yōʾḵal*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, qal - he will eat", "*ûp̄arsêhen*": "conjunction + noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person feminine plural suffix - and their hooves", "*yəp̄ārēq*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he will tear off" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because/indeed", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look", "*ʾānōḵî*": "I/myself", "*mēqîm*": "raising up/establishing/appointing", "*rōʿeh*": "shepherd/pastor", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "in the land/in the country", "*hannikḥāḏôṯ*": "the ones being cut off/the perishing/the lost", "*yip̄qōḏ*": "will visit/attend to/care for", "*hannaʿar*": "the young one/the straying/the scattered", "*yəḇaqqēš*": "will seek/search for", "*hannišbereṯ*": "the broken one/the injured", "*yərappēʾ*": "will heal/cure", "*hanniṣṣāḇāh*": "the one standing/the healthy/the sound", "*yəḵalkēl*": "will sustain/nourish/support", "*bəśar*": "flesh/meat of", "*habbrîʾāh*": "the fat one/the healthy one", "*yōʾḵal*": "will eat/devour/consume", "*p̄arsêhen*": "their hooves/their feet", "*yəp̄ārēq*": "will tear off/break/tear in pieces" } } 17 { "verseID": "Zechariah.11.17", "source": "ה֣וֹי רֹעִ֤י הֽ͏ָאֱלִיל֙ עֹזְבִ֣י הַצֹּ֔אן חֶ֥רֶב עַל־זְרוֹע֖וֹ וְעַל־עֵ֣ין יְמִינ֑וֹ זְרֹעוֹ֙ יָב֣וֹשׁ תִּיבָ֔שׁ וְעֵ֥ין יְמִינ֖וֹ כָּהֹ֥ה תִכְהֶֽה׃ ס", "text": "*hôy* *rōʿî* *hāʾĕlîl* *ʿōzəḇî* *haṣṣōʾn* *ḥereḇ* *ʿal-zərôʿô* *wəʿal-ʿên* *yəmînô* *zərōʿô* *yāḇôš* *tîḇāš* *wəʿên* *yəmînô* *kāhōh* *ṯiḵheh*", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe", "*rōʿî*": "participle, masculine singular construct, qal - shepherd of", "*hāʾĕlîl*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the worthlessness", "*ʿōzəḇî*": "participle, masculine singular construct, qal - one abandoning", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the flock", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*ʿal-zərôʿô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against his arm", "*wəʿal-ʿên*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and against eye of", "*yəmînô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his right", "*zərōʿô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his arm", "*yāḇôš*": "infinitive absolute, qal - withering", "*tîḇāš*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, qal - it shall wither", "*wəʿên*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and eye of", "*yəmînô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his right", "*kāhōh*": "infinitive absolute, qal - dimming", "*ṯiḵheh*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, qal - it shall be dimmed" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas", "*rōʿî*": "shepherd of/pastor of", "*hāʾĕlîl*": "the worthlessness/the nothingness/the idol", "*ʿōzəḇî*": "one abandoning/deserting/leaving", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "the flock/the sheep", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/drought", "*zərôʿô*": "his arm/his power", "*ʿên*": "eye of", "*yəmînô*": "his right (eye)", "*yāḇôš tîḇāš*": "shall completely wither/shall surely dry up", "*kāhōh ṯiḵheh*": "shall be completely dimmed/shall surely be darkened" } }
• Titus 1:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Titus.1.11", "source": "Οὓς δεῖ ἐπιστομίζειν, οἵτινες ὅλους οἴκους ἀνατρέπουσιν, διδάσκοντες ἃ μὴ δεῖ, αἰσχροῦ κέρδους χάριν.", "text": "Whom it is necessary to *epistomizein*, who *holous oikous anatrepousin*, *didaskontes* things which *mē dei*, *aischrou kerdous charin*.", "grammar": { "*Hous*": "accusative, masculine, plural relative pronoun - whom", "*dei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular, impersonal - it is necessary", "*epistomizein*": "present, active, infinitive - to silence/muzzle", "*hoitines*": "nominative, masculine, plural relative pronoun - who/whoever", "*holous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - whole/entire", "*oikous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - houses/households", "*anatrepousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they overturn/upset", "*didaskontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - teaching", "*ha*": "accusative, neuter, plural relative pronoun - which things", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*dei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular, impersonal - it is necessary", "*aischrou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - shameful/dishonest", "*kerdous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - gain/profit", "*charin*": "preposition + accusative - for the sake of" }, "variants": { "*epistomizein*": "to silence/muzzle/stop the mouth", "*holous oikous*": "whole houses/entire households/whole families", "*anatrepousin*": "overturn/upset/subvert", "*didaskontes*": "teaching/instructing", "*aischrou kerdous*": "shameful gain/dishonest profit/sordid advantage", "*charin*": "for the sake of/because of/on account of" } }
• 2 Pet 2:14-19 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.14", "source": "Ὀφθαλμοὺς Ἔχοντες μεστοὺς μοιχαλίδος, καὶ ἀκαταπαύστους ἁμαρτίας· δελεάζοντες ψυχὰς ἀστηρίκτους: καρδίαν γεγυμνασμένην πλεονεξίαις ἔχοντες· κατάρας τέκνα:", "text": "*Ophthalmous Echontes mestous moichalidos, kai akatapauaustous hamartias; deleazontes psychas astēriktous: kardian gegymnasmemēn pleonexiais echontes; kataras tekna*:", "grammar": { "*Ophthalmous*": "accusative plural masculine - 'eyes'", "*Echontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'having'", "*mestous*": "accusative plural masculine - 'full'", "*moichalidos*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of adulteress'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*akatapauaustous*": "accusative plural masculine - 'unceasing'", "*hamartias*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of sin'", "*deleazontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'enticing/baiting'", "*psychas*": "accusative plural feminine - 'souls'", "*astēriktous*": "accusative plural feminine - 'unstable'", "*kardian*": "accusative singular feminine - 'heart'", "*gegymnasmemēn*": "perfect passive participle, accusative singular feminine - 'having been trained'", "*pleonexiais*": "dative plural feminine - 'in covetousness'", "*echontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'having'", "*kataras*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of curse'", "*tekna*": "nominative plural neuter - 'children'" }, "variants": { "*mestous*": "full/filled with", "*moichalidos*": "of adulteress/of adultery", "*akatapauaustous*": "unceasing/that never stops/restless", "*hamartias*": "of sin/wrongdoing", "*deleazontes*": "enticing/baiting/luring/alluring", "*psychas*": "souls/lives/persons", "*astēriktous*": "unstable/unsteady/not firmly established", "*kardian*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*gegymnasmemēn*": "having been trained/exercised/practiced", "*pleonexiais*": "in covetousness/greed/avarice", "*kataras tekna*": "children of curse/accursed children" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.15", "source": "Καταλίποντες τὴν εὐθεῖαν ὁδὸν, ἐπλανήθησαν, ἐξακολουθήσαντες τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ τοῦ Βοσόρ, ὃς μισθὸν ἀδικίας ἠγάπησεν·", "text": "*Katalipontes tēn eutheian hodon, eplanēthēsan, exakolouthēsantes tē hodō tou Balaam tou Bosor, hos misthon adikias ēgapēsen*;", "grammar": { "*Katalipontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'having left/forsaken'", "*tēn eutheian*": "accusative singular feminine - 'the straight'", "*hodon*": "accusative singular feminine - 'way/path'", "*eplanēthēsan*": "aorist indicative passive, 3rd plural - 'were led astray'", "*exakolouthēsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'having followed'", "*tē hodō*": "dative singular feminine - 'the way'", "*tou Balaam*": "genitive singular masculine - 'of Balaam'", "*tou Bosor*": "genitive singular masculine - 'of Bosor'", "*hos*": "nominative singular masculine relative pronoun - 'who'", "*misthon*": "accusative singular masculine - 'wages/reward'", "*adikias*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of unrighteousness'", "*ēgapēsen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd singular - 'loved'" }, "variants": { "*Katalipontes*": "having left/forsaken/abandoned", "*eutheian*": "straight/right/direct", "*hodon*": "way/path/road", "*eplanēthēsan*": "were led astray/were deceived/went astray", "*exakolouthēsantes*": "having followed/pursued/adhered to", "*Balaam*": "Balaam (proper name)", "*Bosor*": "Bosor (either a place name or father's name)", "*misthon adikias*": "wages of unrighteousness/reward for wrongdoing", "*ēgapēsen*": "loved/cherished/preferred" } } 16 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.16", "source": "Ἔλεγξιν δὲ ἔσχεν ἰδίας παρανομίας: ὑποζύγιον ἄφωνον ἐν ἀνθρώπου φωνῇ φθεγξάμενον ἐκώλυσεν τὴν τοῦ προφήτου παραφρονίαν.", "text": "*Elegxin de eschen idias paranomias: hypozygion aphōnon en anthrōpou phōnē phthegxamenon ekōlysen tēn tou prophētou paranian*.", "grammar": { "*Elegxin*": "accusative singular feminine - 'rebuke'", "*de*": "postpositive particle - 'but/and'", "*eschen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd singular - 'had/received'", "*idias*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of his own'", "*paranomias*": "genitive singular feminine - 'transgression/lawlessness'", "*hypozygion*": "nominative singular neuter - 'beast of burden'", "*aphōnon*": "nominative singular neuter - 'voiceless/dumb'", "*en anthrōpou*": "preposition with genitive singular masculine - 'with of human'", "*phōnē*": "dative singular feminine - 'voice'", "*phthegxamenon*": "aorist middle participle, nominative singular neuter - 'having spoken'", "*ekōlysen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd singular - 'hindered/restrained'", "*tēn*": "accusative singular feminine article - 'the'", "*tou prophētou*": "genitive singular masculine - 'of the prophet'", "*paranian*": "accusative singular feminine - 'madness'" }, "variants": { "*Elegxin*": "rebuke/reproof/correction", "*eschen*": "had/received/got", "*idias*": "his own/personal/private", "*paranomias*": "transgression/lawlessness/wrongdoing", "*hypozygion*": "beast of burden/donkey/ass", "*aphōnon*": "voiceless/dumb/mute", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound/utterance", "*phthegxamenon*": "having spoken/uttered/made sound", "*ekōlysen*": "hindered/restrained/prevented/forbade", "*prophētou*": "prophet/seer", "*paranian*": "madness/insanity/folly" } } 17 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.17", "source": "Οὗτοί εἰσιν πηγαὶ ἄνυδροι, νεφέλαι ὑπὸ λαίλαπος ἐλαυνόμεναι· οἷς ὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους εἰς αἰῶνα τετήρηται.", "text": "*Houtoi eisin pēgai anydroi, nephelai hypo lailapos elaunomenai; hois ho zophos tou skotous eis aiōna tetērētai*.", "grammar": { "*Houtoi*": "nominative plural masculine demonstrative pronoun - 'these'", "*eisin*": "present indicative active, 3rd plural - 'are'", "*pēgai*": "nominative plural feminine - 'springs/fountains'", "*anydroi*": "nominative plural feminine - 'waterless/dry'", "*nephelai*": "nominative plural feminine - 'clouds'", "*hypo lailapos*": "preposition with genitive singular feminine - 'by storm'", "*elaunomenai*": "present passive participle, nominative plural feminine - 'being driven'", "*hois*": "dative plural masculine relative pronoun - 'for whom'", "*ho zophos*": "nominative singular masculine - 'the blackness/gloom'", "*tou skotous*": "genitive singular neuter - 'of darkness'", "*eis aiōna*": "preposition with accusative singular masculine - 'for eternity'", "*tetērētai*": "perfect indicative passive, 3rd singular - 'has been reserved'" }, "variants": { "*pēgai*": "springs/fountains/wells", "*anydroi*": "waterless/dry/without water", "*nephelai*": "clouds/mists", "*lailapos*": "storm/tempest/whirlwind", "*elaunomenai*": "being driven/carried/propelled", "*zophos*": "blackness/gloom/deep darkness", "*skotous*": "of darkness/obscurity", "*eis aiōna*": "for eternity/forever/for an age", "*tetērētai*": "has been reserved/kept/preserved" } } 18 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.18", "source": "Ὑπέρογκα γὰρ ματαιότητος φθεγγόμενοι, δελεάζουσιν ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκὸς, ἀσελγείαις, τοὺς ὄντως ἀποφύγοντας τοὺς ἐν πλάνῃ ἀναστρεφομένους.", "text": "*Hyperogka gar mataiotētos phtheggomenoi, deleazousin en epithymiais sarkos, aselgeiais, tous ontōs apophygontas tous en planē anastrephomenous*.", "grammar": { "*Hyperogka*": "accusative plural neuter - 'arrogant/boastful'", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - 'for'", "*mataiotētos*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of emptiness/vanity'", "*phtheggomenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative plural masculine - 'speaking/uttering'", "*deleazousin*": "present indicative active, 3rd plural - 'they entice/lure'", "*en epithymiais*": "preposition with dative plural feminine - 'in lusts/desires'", "*sarkos*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of flesh'", "*aselgeiais*": "dative plural feminine - 'by sensuality/debauchery'", "*tous*": "accusative plural masculine article - 'those'", "*ontōs*": "adverb - 'actually/really'", "*apophygontas*": "aorist active participle, accusative plural masculine - 'having escaped'", "*tous*": "accusative plural masculine article - 'those'", "*en planē*": "preposition with dative singular feminine - 'in error'", "*anastrephomenous*": "present middle participle, accusative plural masculine - 'living/conducting themselves'" }, "variants": { "*Hyperogka*": "arrogant things/boastful words/inflated speech", "*mataiotētos*": "of emptiness/vanity/futility", "*phtheggomenoi*": "speaking/uttering/proclaiming", "*deleazousin*": "they entice/lure/bait/allure", "*epithymiais*": "lusts/desires/cravings", "*sarkos*": "of flesh/body/human nature", "*aselgeiais*": "by sensuality/debauchery/licentiousness", "*ontōs*": "actually/really/truly/indeed", "*apophygontas*": "having escaped/fled from/avoided", "*planē*": "error/deception/wandering", "*anastrephomenous*": "living/conducting themselves/behaving" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.19", "source": "Ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς: ᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ καὶ δεδούλωται.", "text": "*Eleutherian autois epangellomenoi, autoi douloi hyparchontes tēs phthoras: hō gar tis hēttētai, toutō kai dedoulōtai*.", "grammar": { "*Eleutherian*": "accusative singular feminine - 'freedom/liberty'", "*autois*": "dative plural masculine - 'to them'", "*epangellomenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative plural masculine - 'promising'", "*autoi*": "nominative plural masculine intensive pronoun - 'themselves'", "*douloi*": "nominative plural masculine - 'slaves'", "*hyparchontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'being/existing'", "*tēs phthoras*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of corruption'", "*hō*": "dative singular masculine/neuter relative pronoun - 'by what/whom'", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - 'for'", "*tis*": "nominative singular masculine indefinite pronoun - 'someone'", "*hēttētai*": "perfect indicative passive, 3rd singular - 'has been overcome'", "*toutō*": "dative singular masculine/neuter demonstrative pronoun - 'to this/by this'", "*kai*": "conjunction/adverb - 'also'", "*dedoulōtai*": "perfect indicative passive, 3rd singular - 'has been enslaved'" }, "variants": { "*Eleutherian*": "freedom/liberty/independence", "*epangellomenoi*": "promising/proclaiming/announcing", "*douloi*": "slaves/servants/bondservants", "*hyparchontes*": "being/existing/belonging as", "*phthoras*": "corruption/destruction/depravity", "*hēttētai*": "has been overcome/conquered/defeated", "*dedoulōtai*": "has been enslaved/made a slave" } }