Verse 9

{ "verseID": "John.4.9", "source": "Λέγει οὖν αὐτῷ ἡ γυνὴ ἡ Σαμαρεῖτις, Πῶς σὺ, Ἰουδαῖος, ὢν παρʼ ἐμοῦ πιεῖν αἰτεῖς, οὔσης γυναικὸς Σαμαρείτιδος; οὐ γὰρ συγχρῶνται Ἰουδαῖοι Σαμαρείταις.", "text": "*Legei oun autō* the *gynē* the *Samareitis*, How you, *Ioudaios*, *ōn par' emou piein aiteis*, being *gynaikos Samareitidos*? *ou gar sygchrōntai Ioudaioi Samareitais*.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/is saying", "*oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore/then/accordingly", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular - to him", "*gynē*": "nominative feminine singular - woman", "*Samareitis*": "nominative feminine singular - Samaritan woman", "*Ioudaios*": "nominative masculine singular - Jew/Jewish man", "*ōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - being", "*par'*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*emou*": "genitive 1st singular pronoun - me", "*piein*": "aorist active infinitive - to drink", "*aiteis*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - you ask/are asking", "*gynaikos*": "genitive feminine singular - woman", "*Samareitidos*": "genitive feminine singular - Samaritan", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*sygchrōntai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd plural - associate with/have dealings with", "*Ioudaioi*": "nominative masculine plural - Jews", "*Samareitais*": "dative masculine plural - Samaritans" }, "variants": { "*Samareitis*": "Samaritan woman", "*aiteis*": "ask/request/demand", "*sygchrōntai*": "associate with/have dealings with/use together with" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Da sa kvinnen fra Samaria til ham: "Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be meg, som er en samaritansk kvinne, om å drikke?" For jødene har ikke omgang med samaritanere.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Den samaritanske kvinnen sier til ham: "Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om å drikke?" For jøder samhandler ikke med samaritanere.

• Norsk King James

  Kvinnen fra Samaria sier til ham, Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be meg om å drikke, som er en kvinne fra Samaria? For jøder har ingen omgang med samaritanere.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Den samaritanske kvinnen sa da til ham: Hvordan kan du, som er en jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om å drikke? — Jøder omgås ikke samaritanere. —

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Da sa den samaritanske kvinnen til ham: Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om å drikke? For jødene har ikke omgang med samaritanene.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Den samaritanske kvinnen sa til ham: «Hvordan kan du, en jøde, be om å få drikke av meg, en samaritansk kvinne?» For jødene omgås ikke samaritaner.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Den samaritanske kvinnen sa til ham: Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be om å få drikke av meg, en kvinne fra Samaria? For jøder har intet å gjøre med samaritanere.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Kvinnen fra Samaria spurte ham: 'Hvordan er det at du, som jøde, ber meg – en samaritansk kvinne – om vann? For jødene omgås ikke samaritanere.'

• gpt4.5-preview

  Da sier den samaritanske kvinnen til ham: «Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om å drikke?» For jøder har ikke fellesskap med samaritanerne.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Da sier den samaritanske kvinnen til ham: «Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om å drikke?» For jøder har ikke fellesskap med samaritanerne.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Den samaritanske kvinnen sa til ham: "Hvordan kan du, en jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om noe å drikke?" For jøder har ikke samkvem med samaritanere.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The Samaritan woman said to him, "How is it that you, a Jew, ask for a drink from me, a Samaritan woman?" For Jews do not associate with Samaritans.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Da sa den samaritanske kvinnen til ham: «Hvordan kan du som er jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om å drikke?» For jøder omgås ikke samaritanere.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Den samaritanske Qvinde sagde da til ham: Hvorledes beder du, som er en Jøde, mig, som er en samaritansk Qvinde, om Drikke? — Thi Jøder omgaaes ei med Samaritaner. —

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Da sa den samaritanske kvinnen til ham: Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om å drikke? For jødene har ingenting med samaritanene å gjøre.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Then the woman of Samaria said to him, How is it that you, being a Jew, ask a drink from me, a woman of Samaria? For the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Samaritankvinnen sa derfor til ham: "Hvordan kan det ha seg at du, som er jøde, ber meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om noe å drikke?" (For jøder har ingen omgang med samaritanere.)

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Den samaritanske kvinnen sa da til ham: «Hvordan kan du, en jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om drikke?» For jøder har ingen omgang med samaritanere.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Samaritankvinnen sa derfor til ham: Hvordan kan du, som er jøde, be meg, en samaritanerkvinne, om å få drikke? (For jøder har ikke omgang med samaritanere.)

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Kvinnen fra Samaria sa til ham: Hvordan kan du, en jøde, be meg, en samaritansk kvinne, om vann? For jødene har ikke omgang med samaritanene.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Then sayde the woman of Samaria vnto him: how is it that thou beinge a Iewe axest drinke of me which am a Samaritane? for the Iewes medle not with the Samaritans.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  So the woman of Samaria sayde vnto him: How is it that thou axest drynke of me, seynge thou art a Iewe, and I a woman of Samaria? For the Iewes medle not with the Samaritans.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then sayde the woman of Samaria vnto him, Howe is it, that thou being a Iewe, askest drinke of me, which am a woman of Samaria? For the Iewes meddle not with the Samaritans.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then sayth the woman of Samaria vnto hym: Howe is it, that thou beyng a Iewe, askest drynke of me, which am a Samaritane? For the Iewes meddle not with the Samaritanes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The Samaritan woman therefore said to him, "How is it that you, being a Jew, ask for a drink from me, a Samaritan woman?" (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.)

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  the Samaritan woman therefore saith to him, `How dost thou, being a Jew, ask drink from me, being a Samaritan woman?' for Jews have no dealing with Samaritans.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The Samaritan woman therefore saith unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, who am a Samaritan woman? (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.)

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The woman of Samaria said to him, Why do you, a Jew, make a request for water to me, a woman of Samaria? She said this because Jews have nothing to do with the people of Samaria.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The Samaritan woman therefore said to him, "How is it that you, being a Jew, ask for a drink from me, a Samaritan woman?" (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.)

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So the Samaritan woman said to him,“How can you– a Jew– ask me, a Samaritan woman, for water to drink?”(For Jews use nothing in common with Samaritans.)

Referenced Verses

• Acts 10:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Acts.10.28", "source": "Ἔφη τε πρὸς αὐτούς, Ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε ὡς ἀθέμιτόν ἐστιν ἀνδρὶ Ἰουδαίῳ κολλᾶσθαι, ἢ προσέρχεσθαι ἀλλοφύλῳ· καὶ ἐμοὶ ὁ Θεὸς ἔδειξεν μηδένα κοινὸν ἢ ἀκάθαρτον λέγειν ἄνθρωπον.", "text": "He *ephē* both *pros* them, You *epistasthe* how *athemiton* *estin* for *andri* *Ioudaiō* to *kollasthai*, or to *proserchesthai* *allophylō*; and to me the *Theos* *edeixen* no one *koinon* or *akatharton* to *legein* *anthrōpon*.", "grammar": { "*ephē*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - he said/was saying", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*epistasthe*": "present middle indicative, 2nd plural - you know/understand", "*athemiton*": "nominative, neuter, singular - unlawful/forbidden", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - it is", "*andri*": "dative, masculine, singular - for a man", "*Ioudaiō*": "dative, masculine, singular - Jewish", "*kollasthai*": "present middle infinitive - to associate with/join with", "*proserchesthai*": "present middle infinitive - to approach/come to", "*allophylō*": "dative, masculine, singular - foreigner/one of another race", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*edeixen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he showed/demonstrated", "*koinon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - common/unclean", "*akatharton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - unclean/impure", "*legein*": "present active infinitive - to call/name/say", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - human/man" }, "variants": { "*athemiton*": "unlawful/forbidden/against custom", "*kollasthai*": "to associate with/join with/cling to", "*allophylō*": "foreigner/one of another race/Gentile", "*koinon*": "common/unclean/defiled/unholy", "*akatharton*": "unclean/impure/defiled" } }
• John 8:48 : 48 { "verseID": "John.8.48", "source": "Ἀπεκρίθησαν οὖν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, καὶ εἶπον αὐτῷ, Οὐ καλῶς Λέγομεν ἡμεῖς ὅτι Σαμαρείτης εἶ σύ, καὶ δαιμόνιον ἔχεις;", "text": "*Apekrithēsan oun* the *Ioudaioi*, and *eipon autō*, Not *kalōs Legomen hēmeis* that *Samareitēs ei sy*, and *daimonion echeis*?", "grammar": { "*Apekrithēsan*": "aorist passive, 3rd plural - they answered", "*oun*": "conjunction - therefore/then", "*Ioudaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - Jews", "*eipon*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - they said", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*kalōs*": "adverb - well/rightly", "*Legomen*": "present indicative, 1st plural - we say", "*hēmeis*": "nominative, plural - we", "*Samareitēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Samaritan", "*ei*": "present indicative, 2nd singular - you are", "*sy*": "nominative, singular - you", "*daimonion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - demon", "*echeis*": "present indicative, 2nd singular - you have" }, "variants": { "*Ioudaioi*": "Jews/Judeans/people of Judea", "*kalōs*": "well/rightly/properly", "*Samareitēs*": "Samaritan [ethnic insult in context]", "*daimonion*": "demon/evil spirit" } }
• Luke 10:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Luke.10.33", "source": "Σαμαρείτης δέ τις, ὁδεύων, ἦλθεν κατʼ αὐτόν: καὶ ἰδὼν αὐτὸν, ἐσπλαγχνίσθη,", "text": "*Samareitēs de tis*, *hodeuōn*, *ēlthen kat'* him: and *idōn* him, *esplanchnisthē*,", "grammar": { "*Samareitēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Samaritan", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*tis*": "indefinite pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - a certain/someone", "*hodeuōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - journeying", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - came/went", "*kat'*": "preposition + accusative - to/by", "*idōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having seen", "*esplanchnisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - was moved with compassion" }, "variants": { "*Samareitēs*": "Samaritan/person from Samaria", "*hodeuōn*": "journeying/traveling/going along the way", "*ēlthen*": "came/went/arrived", "*kat'*": "to/by/toward", "*idōn*": "having seen/noticed/observed", "*esplanchnisthē*": "was moved with compassion/felt deep pity/had gut-wrenching compassion" } }
• Luke 17:16-19 : 16 { "verseID": "Luke.17.16", "source": "Καὶ ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον παρὰ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ, εὐχαριστῶν αὐτῷ: καὶ αὐτὸς ἦν Σαμαρείτης.", "text": "And *epesen* upon *prosōpon* beside the *podas* of him, *eucharistōn* him: and he was *Samareitēs*.", "grammar": { "*epesen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - fell", "*prosōpon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - face", "*podas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - feet", "*eucharistōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - thanking/giving thanks", "*Samareitēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Samaritan" }, "variants": { "*epesen epi prosōpon*": "fell on his face/prostrated himself", "*eucharistōn*": "giving thanks/thanking/expressing gratitude", "*Samareitēs*": "Samaritan (ethnically distinct from Jews)" } } 17 { "verseID": "Luke.17.17", "source": "Ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν, Οὐχὶ οἱ δέκα ἐκαθαρίσθησαν; οἱ δὲ ἐννέα ποῦ;", "text": "*Apokritheis* *de* the *Iēsous* *eipen*, Were not the ten *ekatharisthēsan*? the *de* nine *pou*?", "grammar": { "*Apokritheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - answering/having answered", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*ekatharisthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural - were cleansed", "*pou*": "interrogative adverb - where" }, "variants": { "*Apokritheis*": "answering/responding/replying", "*ekatharisthēsan*": "were cleansed/were purified/were healed" } } 18 { "verseID": "Luke.17.18", "source": "Οὐχ εὑρέθησαν ὑποστρέψαντες δοῦναι δόξαν τῷ Θεῷ, εἰ μὴ ὁ ἀλλογενὴς οὗτος.", "text": "Not *heurethēsan* *hypostrepsantes* *dounai* *doxan* to the *Theō*, if not the *allogenēs* this.", "grammar": { "*heurethēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural - were found", "*hypostrepsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having returned", "*dounai*": "aorist active infinitive - to give", "*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - glory", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - God", "*allogenēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - foreigner/of another race" }, "variants": { "*heurethēsan*": "were found/were discovered", "*hypostrepsantes*": "returning/coming back", "*doxan*": "glory/honor/praise", "*allogenēs*": "foreigner/of another race/non-Jew" } } 19 { "verseID": "Luke.17.19", "source": "Καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἀναστὰς, πορεύου: ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε.", "text": "And *eipen* to him, Having *anastas*, *poreuou*: the *pistis* of you has *sesōken* you.", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*anastas*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having risen", "*poreuou*": "present middle imperative, 2nd singular - go", "*pistis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - faith", "*sesōken*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd singular - has saved" }, "variants": { "*anastas*": "rising/standing up", "*poreuou*": "go/proceed/journey", "*pistis*": "faith/trust/belief", "*sesōken*": "has saved/has healed/has made whole" } }
• John 4:27 : 27 { "verseID": "John.4.27", "source": "¶Καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ ἦλθον οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐθαύμασαν ὅτι μετὰ γυναικὸς ἐλάλει: οὐδεὶς μέντοι εἶπεν, Τί ζητεῖς; ἤ, Τί λαλεῖς μετʼ αὐτῆς;", "text": "And at this *ēlthon* the *mathētai* of-him, and *ethaumasan* that with *gynaikos* he-was-*elalei*: *oudeis mentoi eipen*, What *zēteis*? or, What *laleis* with her?", "grammar": { "Καὶ": "conjunction - and", "ἐπὶ τούτῳ": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun, dative, neuter, singular - at/upon this [moment]", "*ēlthon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - came/arrived", "οἱ μαθηταὶ": "nominative, masculine, plural with article - the disciples", "αὐτοῦ": "genitive, masculine, singular - of him/his", "*ethaumasan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they marveled/were amazed", "ὅτι": "conjunction - that/because", "μετὰ": "preposition - with", "*gynaikos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - woman/wife", "*elalei*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - was speaking/was talking", "*oudeis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - no one", "*mentoi*": "adverbial particle - however/nevertheless", "*eipen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "Τί": "interrogative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - what", "*zēteis*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you seek/are seeking", "ἤ": "conjunction - or", "*laleis*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you speak/are speaking", "μετʼ": "preposition (elided form) - with", "αὐτῆς": "genitive, feminine, singular - her/of her" }, "variants": { "*ethaumasan*": "marveled/were amazed/were astonished", "*mentoi*": "however/yet/nevertheless" } }
• Matt 10:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Matthew.10.5", "source": "Τούτους τοὺς δώδεκα ἀπέστειλεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς, παραγγείλας αὐτοῖς, λέγων, Εἰς ὁδὸν Ἐθνῶν μὴ ἀπέλθητε, καὶ εἰς πόλιν Σαμαρειτῶν μὴ εἰσέλθητε:", "text": "These the twelve *apesteilen* the *Iēsous*, *paraggeilas* to-them, *legōn*, Into *hodon* of-*Ethnōn* *mē* *apelthēte*, and into *polin* of-*Samareitōn* *mē* *eiselthēte*:", "grammar": { "*apesteilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - sent forth/out", "*paraggeilas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having instructed/commanded", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying", "*hodon*": "accusative feminine singular - way/road/journey", "*Ethnōn*": "genitive neuter plural - of Gentiles/nations", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*apelthēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural - you should go away/depart", "*polin*": "accusative feminine singular - city", "*Samareitōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of Samaritans", "*eiselthēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural - you should enter" }, "variants": { "*apesteilen*": "sent forth/commissioned/sent out", "*paraggeilas*": "having instructed/commanded/charged", "*hodon*": "way/road/journey/path", "*Ethnōn*": "Gentiles/nations/foreigners", "*apelthēte*": "go away/depart/leave", "*polin*": "city/town", "*eiselthēte*": "enter/go into" } }
• Luke 9:52-56 : 52 { "verseID": "Luke.9.52", "source": "Καὶ ἀπέστειλεν ἀγγέλους πρὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ: καὶ πορευθέντες, εἰσῆλθον εἰς κώμην Σαμαρειτῶν, ὡστε ἑτοιμάσαι αὐτῷ.", "text": "And *apesteilen* *angelous* *pro* *prosōpou* of him: and *poreuthentes*, *eisēlthon* into *kōmēn* *Samareitōn*, *hōste* *hetoimasai* for him.", "grammar": { "*apesteilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - sent/dispatched", "*angelous*": "accusative masculine plural - messengers/angels", "*pro*": "preposition + genitive - before/ahead of", "*prosōpou*": "genitive neuter singular - face/presence", "*poreuthentes*": "aorist passive participle, nominative masculine plural - having gone/traveled", "*eisēlthon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - entered/went into", "*kōmēn*": "accusative feminine singular - village/town", "*Samareitōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of Samaritans", "*hōste*": "conjunction - so that/in order to", "*hetoimasai*": "aorist active infinitive - to prepare/make ready" }, "variants": { "*apesteilen*": "sent/dispatched/commissioned", "*angelous*": "messengers/angels/envoys", "*pro*": "before/ahead of/in front of", "*prosōpou*": "face/presence/appearance", "*poreuthentes*": "having gone/traveled/journeyed", "*eisēlthon*": "entered/went into/came into", "*kōmēn*": "village/town/small settlement", "*Samareitōn*": "of Samaritans", "*hōste*": "so that/in order to/with the result that", "*hetoimasai*": "to prepare/make ready/arrange" } } 53 { "verseID": "Luke.9.53", "source": "Καὶ οὐκ ἐδέξαντο αὐτόν, ὅτι τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἦν πορευόμενον εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ.", "text": "And not *edexanto* him, because the *prosōpon* of him was *poreuomenon* into *Ierousalēm*.", "grammar": { "*edexanto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural - received/welcomed/accepted", "*prosōpon*": "nominative neuter singular - face/countenance", "*poreuomenon*": "present middle participle, nominative neuter singular - traveling/going/journeying", "*Ierousalēm*": "accusative feminine singular - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*edexanto*": "received/welcomed/accepted", "*prosōpon*": "face/countenance/appearance", "*poreuomenon*": "traveling/going/journeying/proceeding", "*Ierousalēm*": "Jerusalem" } } 54 { "verseID": "Luke.9.54", "source": "Ἰδόντες δὲ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ Ἰάκωβος καὶ Ἰωάννης, εἶπον, Κύριε, θέλεις εἴπωμεν πῦρ καταβῆναι ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ἀναλῶσαι αὐτούς, ὡς καὶ Ἠλίας ἐποίησεν;", "text": "*Idontes* *de* the *mathētai* of him *Iakōbos* and *Iōannēs*, *eipon*, *Kyrie*, do you *theleis* *eipōmen* *pyr* *katabēnai* from the *ouranou*, and *analōsai* them, as also *Ēlias* *epoiēsen*?", "grammar": { "*Idontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having seen/observed", "*de*": "postpositive adversative particle - but/and/now", "*mathētai*": "nominative masculine plural - disciples/students", "*Iakōbos*": "nominative masculine singular - James", "*Iōannēs*": "nominative masculine singular - John", "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - said/spoke", "*Kyrie*": "vocative masculine singular - Lord/Master/Sir", "*theleis*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - you wish/want/desire", "*eipōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural - we might say/command", "*pyr*": "accusative neuter singular - fire", "*katabēnai*": "aorist active infinitive - to come down/descend", "*ouranou*": "genitive masculine singular - heaven/sky", "*analōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to consume/destroy", "*Ēlias*": "nominative masculine singular - Elijah", "*epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - did/made" }, "variants": { "*Idontes*": "having seen/observed/noticed", "*mathētai*": "disciples/students/followers", "*Iakōbos*": "James", "*Iōannēs*": "John", "*eipon*": "said/spoke/asked", "*Kyrie*": "Lord/Master/Sir", "*theleis*": "you wish/want/desire", "*eipōmen*": "we might say/command/order", "*pyr*": "fire", "*katabēnai*": "to come down/descend/fall", "*ouranou*": "heaven/sky", "*analōsai*": "to consume/destroy/devour", "*Ēlias*": "Elijah", "*epoiēsen*": "did/made/performed" } } 55 { "verseID": "Luke.9.55", "source": "Στραφεὶς δὲ, ἐπετίμησεν αὐτοῖς, καὶ εἶπεν, Οὐκ οἰδατε οἵου πνεύματός ἐστε ὑμεῖς.", "text": "*Strapheis* *de*, *epetimēsen* them, and *eipen*, Not *oidate* of what kind of *pneumatos* are you.", "grammar": { "*Strapheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative masculine singular - having turned", "*de*": "postpositive adversative particle - but/and/now", "*epetimēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - rebuked/reproved", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said/spoke", "*oidate*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd plural - you know/understand", "*pneumatos*": "genitive neuter singular - spirit/disposition", "*este*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - you are" }, "variants": { "*Strapheis*": "having turned/turned around", "*epetimēsen*": "rebuked/reproved/admonished", "*eipen*": "said/spoke", "*oidate*": "you know/understand/perceive", "*pneumatos*": "spirit/disposition/temperament", "*este*": "you are/exist" } } 56 { "verseID": "Luke.9.56", "source": "Ὁ γὰρ Ὑιὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἦλθεν ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων ἀπολέσαι, ἀλλὰ σῶσαι. Καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν εἰς ἑτέραν κώμην.", "text": "The for *Huios* of the *anthrōpou* not *ēlthen* *psychas* of *anthrōpōn* *apolesai*, but *sōsai*. And *eporeuthēsan* into *heteran* *kōmēn*.", "grammar": { "*Huios*": "nominative masculine singular - Son", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive masculine singular - of man", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - came/went", "*psychas*": "accusative feminine plural - lives/souls", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of men/people", "*apolesai*": "aorist active infinitive - to destroy/ruin", "*sōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to save/rescue/preserve", "*eporeuthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural - traveled/went/journeyed", "*heteran*": "accusative feminine singular - another/different", "*kōmēn*": "accusative feminine singular - village/town" }, "variants": { "*Huios*": "Son/descendant", "*anthrōpou*": "of man/of a human being", "*ēlthen*": "came/went/arrived", "*psychas*": "lives/souls/persons", "*anthrōpōn*": "of men/of people/of human beings", "*apolesai*": "to destroy/ruin/kill", "*sōsai*": "to save/rescue/preserve/deliver", "*eporeuthēsan*": "traveled/went/journeyed/proceeded", "*heteran*": "another/different/other", "*kōmēn*": "village/town/small settlement" } }
• 2 Kgs 17:24-41 : 24 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.24", "source": "וַיָּבֵ֣א מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֡וּר מִבָּבֶ֡ל וּ֠מִכּוּ֠תָה וּמֵעַוָּ֤א וּמֵֽחֲמָת֙ וּסְפַרְוַ֔יִם וַיֹּ֙שֶׁב֙ בְּעָרֵ֣י שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן תַּ֖חַת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּֽרְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־שֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן וַיֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ בְּעָרֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And he *bôʾ* king-of *ʾaššûr* from *bābel* and from *kûtâ* and from *ʿawwāʾ* and from *ḥămāt* and *sᵊparwayim*, and he *yāšab* in cities of *šōmᵊrôn* in place of sons of *yiśrāʾēl*; and they *yāraš* *ʾēt*-*šōmᵊrôn* and they *yāšab* in cities of her.", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he brought", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*kûtâ*": "proper noun - Cuthah", "*ʿawwāʾ*": "proper noun - Avva", "*ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*sᵊparwayim*": "proper noun - Sepharvaim", "*yāšab*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he settled", "*šōmᵊrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yāraš*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they took possession of", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yāšab*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they dwelt/settled" }, "variants": { "*bôʾ*": "bring/carry/import", "*yāšab*": "settle/cause to dwell/place", "*yāraš*": "take possession of/inherit/dispossess", "*yāšab*": "dwell/settle/inhabit" } } 25 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.25", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י בִּתְחִלַּת֙ שִׁבְתָּ֣ם שָׁ֔ם לֹ֥א יָרְא֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה וַיְשַׁלַּ֨ח יְהוָ֤ה בָּהֶם֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֲרָי֔וֹת וַיִּֽהְי֥וּ הֹרְגִ֖ים בָּהֶֽם׃", "text": "And it *hāyâ*, in *tᵊḥillâ* of dwelling them there, not they *yārēʾ* *ʾēt*-*YHWH*; and he *šālaḥ* *YHWH* among them *ʾēt*-the *ʾaryēh*, and they *hāyâ* *hārag* among them.", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - it became/happened", "*tᵊḥillâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - beginning of", "dwelling them": "infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their dwelling", "*yārēʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they feared", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*šālaḥ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he sent", "*ʾaryēh*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the lions", "*hāyâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they were", "*hārag*": "Qal participle masculine plural - killing" }, "variants": { "*hāyâ*": "happen/become/come to pass", "*tᵊḥillâ*": "beginning/start/commencement", "*yārēʾ*": "fear/reverence/respect", "*šālaḥ*": "send/dispatch/let loose", "*ʾaryēh*": "lions/predators", "*hārag*": "kill/slay/murder" } } 26 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.26", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁוּר֮ לֵאמֹר֒ הַגּוֹיִ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר הִגְלִ֙יתָ֙ וַתּ֙וֹשֶׁב֙ בְּעָרֵ֣י שֹׁמְר֔וֹן לֹ֣א יָֽדְע֔וּ אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיְשַׁלַּח־בָּ֣ם אֶת־הָאֲרָי֗וֹת וְהִנָּם֙ מְמִיתִ֣ים אוֹתָ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁר֙ אֵינָ֣ם יֹדְעִ֔ים אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And they *ʾāmar* to king of *ʾaššûr* saying, 'The *gôy* which you *gālâ* and caused to *yāšab* in cities of *šōmᵊrôn* not they *yādaʿ* *ʾēt*-*mišpāṭ* of *ʾĕlōhîm* of the *ʾereṣ*; and he sent among them *ʾēt*-the *ʾaryēh*, and behold them *mût* them, because they are not *yādaʿ* *ʾēt*-*mišpāṭ* of *ʾĕlōhîm* of the *ʾereṣ*.'", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they said", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations", "*gālâ*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you exiled", "*yāšab*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - you caused to dwell", "*šōmᵊrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*yādaʿ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they knew", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - custom/manner of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*ʾaryēh*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the lions", "*mût*": "Hiphil participle masculine plural - causing to die", "*yādaʿ*": "Qal participle masculine plural - knowing" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*gôy*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*gālâ*": "exile/deport/remove", "*yāšab*": "cause to dwell/settle/place", "*yādaʿ*": "know/understand/be acquainted with", "*mišpāṭ*": "custom/manner/law/ordinance", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/deity", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*ʾaryēh*": "lions/predators", "*mût*": "causing to die/killing" } } 27 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.27", "source": "וַיְצַ֨ו מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֜וּר לֵאמֹ֗ר הֹלִ֤יכוּ שָׁ֙מָּה֙ אֶחָ֤ד מֵהַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִגְלִיתֶ֣ם מִשָּׁ֔ם וְיֵלְכ֖וּ וְיֵ֣שְׁבוּ שָׁ֑ם וְיֹרֵ֕ם אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*wə-yəṣaw* *melek*-*ʾaššûr* *lēmōr* *hôlîkû* *šāmmāh* *ʾeḥād* *mē-ha-kōhănîm* *ʾăšer* *higlîtem* *miš-šām* *wə-yēlkû* *wə-yēšbû* *šām* *wə-yōrēm* *ʾet*-*mišpaṭ* *ʾĕlōhê* *hā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəṣaw*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 3ms - and commanded", "*melek*": "construct masculine singular - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*lēmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hôlîkû*": "Hiphil imperative 2mp - cause to go/bring", "*šāmmāh*": "adverb - there, to there", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*mē-ha-kōhănîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - from the priests", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*higlîtem*": "Hiphil perfect 2mp - you exiled", "*miš-šām*": "preposition + adverb - from there", "*wə-yēlkû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3mp - and they shall go", "*wə-yēšbû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3mp - and they shall dwell", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*wə-yōrēm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3mp object suffix - and he shall teach them", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mišpaṭ*": "masculine singular construct - judgment/manner/custom of", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəṣaw*": "and he commanded/ordered", "*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/custom/manner/ordinance", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "god/gods of (plural form with singular meaning in construct)", "*higlîtem*": "you exiled/deported/removed" } } 28 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.28", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֞א אֶחָ֣ד מֵהַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר הִגְלוּ֙ מִשֹּׁ֣מְר֔וֹן וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּבֵֽית־אֵ֑ל וַֽיְהִי֙ מוֹרֶ֣ה אֹתָ֔ם אֵ֖יךְ יִֽירְא֥וּ אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yābōʾ* *ʾeḥād* *mē-ha-kōhănîm* *ʾăšer* *higlû* *miš-šōmərôn* *wa-yēšeb* *bə-bêt*-*ʾēl* *wa-yəhî* *môreh* *ʾōtām* *ʾêk* *yîrəʾû* *ʾet*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and came", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*mē-ha-kōhănîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - from the priests", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*higlû*": "Hiphil perfect 3cp - they exiled", "*miš-šōmərôn*": "preposition + proper noun - from Samaria", "*wa-yēšeb*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and dwelt", "*bə-bêt*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in house of", "*ʾēl*": "proper noun - El/God", "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he was", "*môreh*": "Hiphil participle ms - teaching", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3mp suffix - them", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*yîrəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp - they should fear", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*yîrəʾû*": "they should fear/revere/worship", "*bêt-ʾēl*": "Bethel (place name) or 'house of God'" } } 29 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.29", "source": "וַיִּהְי֣וּ עֹשִׂ֔ים גּ֥וֹי גּ֖וֹי אֱלֹהָ֑יו וַיַּנִּ֣יחוּ ׀ בְּבֵ֣ית הַבָּמ֗וֹת אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשׂוּ֙ הַשֹּׁ֣מְרֹנִ֔ים גּ֥וֹי גּוֹי֙ בְּעָ֣רֵיהֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥ם יֹשְׁבִ֖ים שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wa-yihyû* *ʿōśîm* *gôy* *gôy* *ʾĕlōhāyw* *wa-yannîḥû* *bə-bêt* *ha-bāmôt* *ʾăšer* *ʿāśû* *ha-šōmərōnîm* *gôy* *gôy* *bə-ʿārêhem* *ʾăšer* *hēm* *yōšbîm* *šām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yihyû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3mp - and they were", "*ʿōśîm*": "Qal participle mp - making", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - nation (repeated)", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - nation", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3ms suffix - its gods", "*wa-yannîḥû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3mp - and they placed", "*bə-bêt*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in house of", "*ha-bāmôt*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the high places", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - had made", "*ha-šōmərōnîm*": "definite article + gentilic mp - the Samaritans", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - nation (repeated)", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - nation", "*bə-ʿārêhem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3mp suffix - in their cities", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - where", "*hēm*": "3mp pronoun - they", "*yōšbîm*": "Qal participle mp - dwelling", "*šām*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*gôy gôy*": "each nation/every nation individually", "*wa-yannîḥû*": "they placed/set/established", "*bāmôt*": "high places/shrines/cult platforms" } } 30 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.30", "source": "וְאַנְשֵׁ֣י בָבֶ֗ל עָשׂוּ֙ אֶת־סֻכּ֣וֹת בְּנ֔וֹת וְאַנְשֵׁי־כ֔וּת עָשׂ֖וּ אֶת־נֵֽרְגַ֑ל וְאַנְשֵׁ֥י חֲמָ֖ת עָשׂ֥וּ אֶת־אֲשִׁימָֽא׃", "text": "*wə-ʾanšê* *bābel* *ʿāśû* *ʾet*-*sukkôt* *bənôt* *wə-ʾanšê*-*kût* *ʿāśû* *ʾet*-*nērəgal* *wə-ʾanšê* *ḥămāt* *ʿāśû* *ʾet*-*ʾăšîmāʾ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾanšê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and men of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - made", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*sukkôt*": "feminine plural construct - Succoth/booths/tabernacles of", "*bənôt*": "feminine plural noun - daughters", "*wə-ʾanšê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and men of", "*kût*": "proper noun - Cuth", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - made", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nērəgal*": "proper noun - Nergal", "*wə-ʾanšê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and men of", "*ḥămāt*": "proper noun - Hamath", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - made", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšîmāʾ*": "proper noun - Ashima" }, "variants": { "*sukkôt bənôt*": "Succoth-benoth (deity name) or 'booths of daughters'", "*ʿāśû*": "made/fashioned/created (idols)" } } 31 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.31", "source": "וְהָעַוִּ֛ים עָשׂ֥וּ נִבְחַ֖ז וְאֶת־תַּרְתָּ֑ק וְהַסְפַרְוִ֗ים שֹׂרְפִ֤ים אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ לְאַדְרַמֶּ֥לֶךְ וַֽעֲנַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֱלֹהֵ֥י סְפַרְוָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wə-hā-ʿawwîm* *ʿāśû* *nibḥaz* *wə-ʾet*-*tartāq* *wə-ha-səparwîm* *śōrəpîm* *ʾet*-*bənêhem* *bā-ʾēš* *lə-ʾadrammelek* *wa-ʿănammelek* *ʾĕlōhê* *səparwāyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-hā-ʿawwîm*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun - and the Avvites", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - made", "*nibḥaz*": "proper noun - Nibhaz", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*tartāq*": "proper noun - Tartak", "*wə-ha-səparwîm*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun - and the Sepharvites", "*śōrəpîm*": "Qal participle mp - burning", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural construct + 3mp suffix - their sons", "*bā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the fire", "*lə-ʾadrammelek*": "preposition + proper noun - for Adrammelech", "*wa-ʿănammelek*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Anammelech", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - gods of", "*səparwāyim*": "proper noun - Sepharvaim" }, "variants": { "*śōrəpîm*": "burning/consuming by fire (as sacrifice)", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "gods of (plural construct)" } } 32 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.32", "source": "וַיִּהְי֥וּ יְרֵאִ֖ים אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה וַיַּעֲשׂ֨וּ לָהֶ֤ם מִקְצוֹתָם֙ כֹּהֲנֵ֣י בָמ֔וֹת וַיִּהְי֛וּ עֹשִׂ֥ים לָהֶ֖ם בְּבֵ֥ית הַבָּמֽוֹת׃", "text": "*wa-yihyû* *yərēʾîm* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *wa-yaʿăśû* *lāhem* *miqqəṣôtām* *kōhănê* *bāmôt* *wa-yihyû* *ʿōśîm* *lāhem* *bə-bêt* *ha-bāmôt*", "grammar": { "*wa-yihyû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3mp - and they were", "*yərēʾîm*": "Qal participle mp - fearing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wa-yaʿăśû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3mp - and they made", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - for themselves", "*miqqəṣôtām*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix - from their ends/extremities", "*kōhănê*": "masculine plural construct - priests of", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural noun - high places", "*wa-yihyû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3mp - and they were", "*ʿōśîm*": "Qal participle mp - making/performing", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - for themselves", "*bə-bêt*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in house of", "*ha-bāmôt*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the high places" }, "variants": { "*miqqəṣôtām*": "from their extremities/from all sorts of them/from their ends", "*yərēʾîm*": "fearing/revering/worshiping", "*ʿōśîm*": "performing (sacrifices)/making (offerings)" } } 33 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.33", "source": "אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה הָי֣וּ יְרֵאִ֑ים וְאֶת־אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶם֙ הָי֣וּ עֹֽבְדִ֔ים כְּמִשְׁפַּט֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־הִגְל֥וּ אֹתָ֖ם מִשָּֽׁם׃", "text": "*ʾet*-*YHWH* *hāyû* *yərēʾîm* *wə-ʾet*-*ʾĕlōhêhem* *hāyû* *ʿōbdîm* *kə-mišpaṭ* *ha-gôyim* *ʾăšer*-*higlû* *ʾōtām* *miš-šām*", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect 3mp - they were", "*yərēʾîm*": "Qal participle mp - fearing", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix - their gods", "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect 3mp - they were", "*ʿōbdîm*": "Qal participle mp - serving", "*kə-mišpaṭ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - according to custom of", "*ha-gôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*higlû*": "Hiphil perfect 3cp - they exiled", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3mp suffix - them", "*miš-šām*": "preposition + adverb - from there" }, "variants": { "*yərēʾîm*": "fearing/revering/worshiping", "*ʿōbdîm*": "serving/worshiping/working for", "*mišpaṭ*": "custom/manner/practice/law" } } 34 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.34", "source": "עַ֣ד הַיּ֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ הֵ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים כַּמִּשְׁפָּטִ֖ים הָרִֽאשֹׁנִ֑ים אֵינָ֤ם יְרֵאִים֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה וְאֵינָ֣ם עֹשִׂ֗ים כְּחֻקֹּתָם֙ וּכְמִשְׁפָּטָ֔ם וְכַתּוֹרָ֣ה וְכַמִּצְוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יַעֲקֹ֔ב אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֥ם שְׁמ֖וֹ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*ʿad* *ha-yôm* *ha-zeh* *hēm* *ʿōśîm* *ka-mišpāṭîm* *hā-riʾšōnîm* *ʾênām* *yərēʾîm* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *wə-ʾênām* *ʿōśîm* *kə-ḥuqqōtām* *û-kə-mišpāṭām* *wə-ka-tôrāh* *wə-ka-miṣwāh* *ʾăšer* *ṣiwwāh* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*bənê* *yaʿăqōb* *ʾăšer*-*śām* *šəmô* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative ms - this", "*hēm*": "3mp pronoun - they", "*ʿōśîm*": "Qal participle mp - doing", "*ka-mišpāṭîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - according to the customs", "*hā-riʾšōnîm*": "definite article + masculine plural adjective - the former/first", "*ʾênām*": "negative particle + 3mp suffix - they are not", "*yərēʾîm*": "Qal participle mp - fearing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-ʾênām*": "conjunction + negative particle + 3mp suffix - and they are not", "*ʿōśîm*": "Qal participle mp - doing", "*kə-ḥuqqōtām*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3mp suffix - according to their statutes", "*û-kə-mišpāṭām*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix - and according to their ordinances", "*wə-ka-tôrāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - and according to the law", "*wə-ka-miṣwāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - and according to the commandment", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*ṣiwwāh*": "Piel perfect 3ms - commanded", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*śām*": "Qal perfect 3ms - he placed/set", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun + 3ms suffix - his name", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*ʿōśîm*": "doing/practicing/performing", "*ḥuqqōtām*": "their statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*mišpāṭîm*": "customs/judgments/ordinances", "*śām šəmô*": "set his name/named/renamed" } } 35 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.35", "source": "וַיִּכְרֹ֨ת יְהוָ֤ה אִתָּם֙ בְּרִ֔ית וַיְצַוֵּ֣ם לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א תִֽירְא֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וְלֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲו֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֣א תַעַבְד֔וּם וְלֹ֥א תִזְבְּח֖וּ לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yikrōt* *YHWH* *ʾittām* *bərît* *wa-yəṣawwēm* *lēmōr* *lōʾ* *tîrəʾû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* *wə-lōʾ*-*tištaḥăwû* *lāhem* *wə-lōʾ* *taʿabdûm* *wə-lōʾ* *tizbəḥû* *lāhem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yikrōt*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he cut/made", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾittām*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*bərît*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*wa-yəṣawwēm*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he commanded them", "*lēmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tîrəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall fear", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tištaḥăwû*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 2mp - you shall bow down", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*taʿabdûm*": "Qal imperfect 2mp + 3mp suffix - you shall serve them", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tizbəḥû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall sacrifice", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - to them" }, "variants": { "*wa-yikrōt bərît*": "made a covenant/cut a covenant (idiom)", "*tîrəʾû*": "fear/revere/worship", "*tištaḥăwû*": "bow down to/prostrate before/worship" } } 36 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.36", "source": "כִּ֣י אִֽם־אֶת־יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁר֩ הֶעֱלָ֨ה אֶתְכֶ֜ם מֵאֶ֧רֶץ מִצְרַ֛יִם בְּכֹ֧חַ גָּד֛וֹל וּבִזְר֥וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֖ה אֹת֣וֹ תִירָ֑אוּ וְל֥וֹ תִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ וְל֥וֹ תִזְבָּֽחוּ׃", "text": "*kî* *ʾim*-*ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾăšer* *heʿĕlāh* *ʾetkem* *mē-ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* *bə-kōaḥ* *gādôl* *û-bi-zrôaʿ* *nəṭûyāh* *ʾōtô* *tîrāʾû* *wə-lô* *tištaḥăwû* *wə-lô* *tizbāḥû*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/but", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if/but", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who", "*heʿĕlāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3ms - brought up", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2mp suffix - you", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*bə-kōaḥ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with power", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great", "*û-bi-zrôaʿ*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular noun - and with arm", "*nəṭûyāh*": "Qal passive participle fs - stretched out", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3ms suffix - him", "*tîrāʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall fear", "*wə-lô*": "conjunction + preposition + 3ms suffix - and to him", "*tištaḥăwû*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 2mp - you shall bow down", "*wə-lô*": "conjunction + preposition + 3ms suffix - and to him", "*tizbāḥû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall sacrifice" }, "variants": { "*kî ʾim*": "but rather/except/only", "*bə-kōaḥ gādôl û-bi-zrôaʿ nəṭûyāh*": "with great power and outstretched arm (set phrase for divine deliverance)", "*tîrāʾû*": "fear/revere/worship" } } 37 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.37", "source": "וְאֶת־הַחֻקִּ֨ים וְאֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֜ים וְהַתּוֹרָ֤ה וְהַמִּצְוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּתַ֣ב לָכֶ֔ם תִּשְׁמְר֥וּן לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת כָּל־הַיָּמִ֑ים וְלֹ֥א תִֽירְא֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-ʾet*-*ha-ḥuqqîm* *wə-ʾet*-*ha-mišpāṭîm* *wə-ha-tôrāh* *wə-ha-miṣwāh* *ʾăšer* *kātab* *lākem* *tišmərûn* *la-ʿăśôt* *kol*-*ha-yāmîm* *wə-lōʾ* *tîrəʾû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ha-ḥuqqîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the statutes", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ha-mišpāṭîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the ordinances", "*wə-ha-tôrāh*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the law", "*wə-ha-miṣwāh*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the commandment", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*kātab*": "Qal perfect 3ms - he wrote", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2mp suffix - for you", "*tišmərûn*": "Qal imperfect 2mp paragogic nun - you shall observe", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*ha-yāmîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the days", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tîrəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall fear", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other" }, "variants": { "*tišmərûn*": "you shall observe/keep/guard (paragogic form for emphasis)", "*kol-ha-yāmîm*": "all the days/forever/continually", "*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/customs" } } 38 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.38", "source": "וְהַבְּרִ֛ית אֲשֶׁר־כָּרַ֥תִּי אִתְּכֶ֖ם לֹ֣א תִשְׁכָּ֑חוּ וְלֹ֥א תִֽירְא֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-ha-bərît* *ʾăšer*-*kārattî* *ʾittəkem* *lōʾ* *tiškāḥû* *wə-lōʾ* *tîrəʾû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ha-bərît*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the covenant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*kārattî*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I cut/made", "*ʾittəkem*": "preposition + 2mp suffix - with you", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiškāḥû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall forget", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tîrəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall fear", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other" }, "variants": { "*kārattî bərît*": "I made a covenant/I cut a covenant (idiom)", "*tîrəʾû*": "fear/revere/worship", "*tiškāḥû*": "you shall forget/neglect/ignore" } } 39 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.39", "source": "כִּ֛י אִֽם־אֶת־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם תִּירָ֑אוּ וְהוּא֙ יַצִּ֣יל אֶתְכֶ֔ם מִיַּ֖ד כָּל־אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*kî* *ʾim*-*ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *tîrāʾû* *wə-hûʾ* *yaṣṣîl* *ʾetkem* *mi-yad* *kol*-*ʾōyəbêkem*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/but", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if/but", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your God", "*tîrāʾû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall fear", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + 3ms pronoun - and he", "*yaṣṣîl*": "Hiphil imperfect 3ms - will deliver", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2mp suffix - you", "*mi-yad*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from hand of", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*kî ʾim*": "but rather/only/except", "*tîrāʾû*": "fear/revere/worship", "*mi-yad*": "from hand of/from power of/from (idiom for control)" } } 40 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.40", "source": "וְלֹ֖א שָׁמֵ֑עוּ כִּ֛י אִֽם־כְּמִשְׁפָּטָ֥ם הָֽרִאשׁ֖וֹן הֵ֥ם עֹשִֽׂים׃", "text": "*wə-lōʾ* *šāmēʿû* *kî* *ʾim*-*kə-mišpāṭām* *hā-riʾšôn* *hēm* *ʿōśîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāmēʿû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - they listened", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/but", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if/but", "*kə-mišpāṭām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3mp suffix - according to their custom", "*hā-riʾšôn*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the former/first", "*hēm*": "3mp pronoun - they", "*ʿōśîm*": "Qal participle mp - doing" }, "variants": { "*šāmēʿû*": "they listened/obeyed/heeded", "*kî ʾim*": "but rather/only/instead", "*mišpāṭām*": "their custom/manner/practice" } } 41 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.41", "source": "וַיִּהְי֣וּ ׀ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֗לֶּה יְרֵאִים֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־פְּסִֽילֵיהֶ֖ם הָי֣וּ עֹֽבְדִ֑ים גַּם־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם ׀ וּבְנֵ֣י בְנֵיהֶ֗ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֤וּ אֲבֹתָם֙ הֵ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ פ", "text": "*wə-ᵋihyû* *ha-gôyim* *ha-ʾēlleh* *yərēʾîm* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *wə-ʾet*-*pəsîlêhem* *hāyû* *ʿōḇdîm* *gam*-*bənêhem* *û-ḇnê* *ḇnêhem* *ka-ʾăšer* *ʿāśû* *ʾăḇōtām* *hēm* *ʿōśîm* *ʿad* *ha-yôm* *ha-zeh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ᵋihyû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they were/became", "*ha-gôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*ha-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*yərēʾîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - fearing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*pəsîlêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their carved images/idols", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they were", "*ʿōḇdîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - serving/worshiping", "*gam*": "adverb - also", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*û-ḇnê*": "conjunction + masculine construct plural - and sons of", "*ḇnêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - just as/according to what", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they did", "*ʾăḇōtām*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*ʿōśîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - doing", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*yərēʾîm*": "fearing/revering/worshiping", "*pəsîlêhem*": "their carved images/their idols/their graven images", "*ʿōḇdîm*": "serving/worshiping/working for", "*ʿāśû*": "did/made/performed", "*ʾăḇōtām*": "their fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*ʿōśîm*": "doing/making/practicing" } }
• Ezra 4:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.1", "source": "וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֔וּ צָרֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה וּבִנְיָמִ֑ן כִּֽי־בְנֵ֤י הַגּוֹלָה֙ בּוֹנִ֣ים הֵיכָ֔ל לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wayyišmᵉʿû* *ṣārê* *yᵉhûdāh* and *binyāmin* that *bᵉnê* the *haggôlāh* *bônim* *hêkāl* to *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyišmᵉʿû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they heard", "*ṣārê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - adversaries of/enemies of", "*yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin", "*bᵉnê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of/children of", "*haggôlāh*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the exile", "*bônim*": "qal participle, masculine plural - building/were building", "*hêkāl*": "noun, masculine singular - temple/palace", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*ṣārê*": "adversaries/enemies/foes", "*haggôlāh*": "the exile/captivity/deportation", "*bônim*": "building/constructing", "*hêkāl*": "temple/palace/sanctuary" } } 2 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.2", "source": "וַיִּגְּשׁ֨וּ אֶל־זְרֻבָּבֶ֜ל וְאֶל־רָאשֵׁ֣י הֽ͏ָאָב֗וֹת וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ לָהֶם֙ נִבְנֶ֣ה עִמָּכֶ֔ם כִּ֣י כָכֶ֔ם נִדְר֖וֹשׁ לֽ͏ֵאלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם *ולא **וְל֣וֹ ׀ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ זֹבְחִ֗ים מִימֵי֙ אֵסַ֤ר חַדֹּן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר הַמַּעֲלֶ֥ה אֹתָ֖נוּ פֹּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiggᵉšû* to *zᵉrubbābel* and to *rāʾšê* the *hāʾābôt* and *wayyōmᵉrû* to them, \"*nibneh* with you, for like you *nidrôš* to your *lēʾlōhêkem*, and to him *ʾănạḥnû* *zōbᵉḥîm* from days of *ʾēsar ḥaddōn* *melek* *ʾaššûr* who *hammaʿăleh* *ʾōtānû* here.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyiggᵉšû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they approached", "*zᵉrubbābel*": "proper noun - Zerubbabel", "*rāʾšê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - heads of/chiefs of", "*hāʾābôt*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the fathers/ancestors", "*wayyōmᵉrû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they said", "*nibneh*": "qal imperfect, 1st plural cohortative - let us build", "*nidrôš*": "qal imperfect, 1st plural - we seek", "*lēʾlōhêkem*": "preposition + construct noun, masculine plural + 2nd plural suffix - to your God", "*ʾănạḥnû*": "1st person plural pronoun - we", "*zōbᵉḥîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - sacrificing", "*ʾēsar ḥaddōn*": "proper noun - Esarhaddon", "*melek*": "construct noun, masculine singular - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*hammaʿăleh*": "definite article + hiphil participle, masculine singular - the one who brought up", "*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker + 1st plural suffix - us" }, "variants": { "*nibneh*": "let us build/we will build", "*nidrôš*": "we seek/we inquire of/we worship", "*zōbᵉḥîm*": "sacrificing/offering", "*hammaʿăleh*": "who brought up/who caused to ascend/who relocated" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.3", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ לָהֶ֨ם זְרֻבָּבֶ֜ל וְיֵשׁ֗וּעַ וּשְׁאָ֨ר רָאשֵׁ֤י הָֽאָבוֹת֙ לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹֽא־לָכֶ֣ם וָלָ֔נוּ לִבְנ֥וֹת בַּ֖יִת לֵאלֹהֵ֑ינוּ כִּי֩ אֲנַ֨חְנוּ יַ֜חַד נִבְנֶ֗ה לַֽיהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔נוּ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרָֽס׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to them *zᵉrubbābel* and *yēšûaʿ* and rest of *rāʾšê* the *hāʾābôt* to *yiśrāʾēl*, \"Not to you and to us to *libnôt* *bayit* to our *lēʾlōhênû*, but *ʾănạḥnû* together *nibneh* to *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl*, as *kaʾăšer* *ṣiwwānû* the *hammelek* *kôreš* *melek*-*pārās*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd singular - and he said", "*zᵉrubbābel*": "proper noun - Zerubbabel", "*yēšûaʿ*": "proper noun - Jeshua", "*rāʾšê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - heads of/chiefs of", "*hāʾābôt*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the fathers/ancestors", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*libnôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to build", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular - house", "*lēʾlōhênû*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 1st plural suffix - to our God", "*ʾănạḥnû*": "1st person plural pronoun - we", "*nibneh*": "qal imperfect, 1st plural - we will build", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - as", "*ṣiwwānû*": "piel perfect, 3rd singular + 1st plural suffix - he commanded us", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*kôreš*": "proper noun - Cyrus", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*pārās*": "proper noun - Persia" }, "variants": { "*libnôt*": "to build/to construct", "*bayit*": "house/temple/dwelling", "*ṣiwwānû*": "commanded us/ordered us/instructed us" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.4", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ עַם־הָאָ֔רֶץ מְרַפִּ֖ים יְדֵ֣י עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה *ומבלהים **וּֽמְבַהֲלִ֥ים אוֹתָ֖ם לִבְנֽוֹת׃", "text": "And *wayᵉhî* *ʿam*-the *hāʾāreṣ* *mᵉrappîm* *yᵉdê* *ʿam*-*yᵉhûdāh* and *ûmᵉbahălîm* them to *libnôt*.", "grammar": { "*wayᵉhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd singular - and it happened/became", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*mᵉrappîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - weakening", "*yᵉdê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - hands of", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ûmᵉbahălîm*": "waw-conjunction + piel participle, masculine plural - and terrifying/frightening", "*libnôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to build" }, "variants": { "*mᵉrappîm*": "weakening/discouraging/making feeble", "*ûmᵉbahălîm*": "terrifying/troubling/frightening/making afraid", "*libnôt*": "to build/to construct" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.5", "source": "וְסֹכְרִ֧ים עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם יוֹעֲצִ֖ים לְהָפֵ֣ר עֲצָתָ֑ם כָּל־יְמֵ֗י כּ֚וֹרֶשׁ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרַ֔ס וְעַד־מַלְכ֖וּת דָּרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרָֽס׃", "text": "And *wᵉsōkᵉrîm* against them *yôʿăṣîm* to *lᵉhāpēr* their *ʿăṣātām* all *yᵉmê* *kôreš* *melek* *pāras* and until *malkût* *dārᵉyāweš* *melek*-*pārās*.", "grammar": { "*wᵉsōkᵉrîm*": "waw-conjunction + qal participle, masculine plural - and hiring", "*yôʿăṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural - counselors/advisers", "*lᵉhāpēr*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to frustrate/annul", "*ʿăṣātām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their plan/counsel", "*yᵉmê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - days of", "*kôreš*": "proper noun - Cyrus", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*pāras*": "proper noun - Persia", "*malkût*": "noun, feminine singular construct - kingdom of/reign of", "*dārᵉyāweš*": "proper noun - Darius", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*pārās*": "proper noun - Persia" }, "variants": { "*wᵉsōkᵉrîm*": "hiring/bribing", "*yôʿăṣîm*": "counselors/advisers", "*lᵉhāpēr*": "to frustrate/to annul/to break/to make ineffective", "*ʿăṣātām*": "their plan/their purpose/their counsel" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.6", "source": "וּבְמַלְכוּת֙ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ בִּתְחִלַּ֖ת מַלְכוּת֑וֹ כָּתְב֣וּ שִׂטְנָ֔ה עַל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה וִירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃ ס", "text": "And in *ûbᵉmalkût* *ʾăḥašwērôš*, in *bitᵉḥillat* his *malkûtô* they *kātᵉbû* *śiṭᵉnāh* against *yōšᵉbê* *yᵉhûdāh* and *wirûšālāim*.", "grammar": { "*ûbᵉmalkût*": "waw-conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and in the reign of", "*ʾăḥašwērôš*": "proper noun - Ahasuerus (Xerxes)", "*bitᵉḥillat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the beginning of", "*malkûtô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his reign", "*kātᵉbû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they wrote", "*śiṭᵉnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - accusation", "*yōšᵉbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - dwellers of/inhabitants of", "*yᵉhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wirûšālāim*": "waw-conjunction + proper noun - and Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*śiṭᵉnāh*": "accusation/complaint/charge", "*yōšᵉbê*": "inhabitants/dwellers/residents" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.7", "source": "וּבִימֵ֣י אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֗שְׂתָּא כָּתַ֨ב בִּשְׁלָ֜ם מִתְרְדָ֤ת טָֽבְאֵל֙ וּשְׁאָ֣ר *כנותו **כְּנָוֺתָ֔יו עַל־*ארתחששתא **אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרָ֑ס וּכְתָב֙ הַֽנִּשְׁתְּוָ֔ן כָּת֥וּב אֲרָמִ֖ית וּמְתֻרְגָּ֥ם אֲרָמִֽית׃ פ", "text": "And in days of *ûbîmê* *ʾartaḥšaśtāʾ* wrote *kātab* *bišlām* *mitᵉrᵉdāt* *ṭābᵉʾēl* and rest *ûšᵉʾār* his *kᵉnāwōtāyw* to *ʾartaḥšaśt* *melek* *pārās*; and writing of the *ûkᵉtāb* the *hanništᵉwān* written *kātûb* *ʾărāmît* and translated *ûmᵉturgām* *ʾărāmît*.", "grammar": { "*ûbîmê*": "waw-conjunction + preposition + construct noun, masculine plural - and in days of", "*ʾartaḥšaśtāʾ*": "proper noun - Artaxerxes", "*kātab*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - wrote", "*bišlām*": "proper noun - Bishlam", "*mitᵉrᵉdāt*": "proper noun - Mithredath", "*ṭābᵉʾēl*": "proper noun - Tabeel", "*ûšᵉʾār*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and rest of", "*kᵉnāwōtāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his colleagues/associates", "*ʾartaḥšaśt*": "proper noun - Artaxerxes", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*pārās*": "proper noun - Persia", "*ûkᵉtāb*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and writing of", "*hanništᵉwān*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the letter", "*kātûb*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - written", "*ʾărāmît*": "noun, feminine singular - Aramaic", "*ûmᵉturgām*": "waw-conjunction + pual participle, masculine singular - and translated", "*ʾărāmît*": "noun, feminine singular - Aramaic" }, "variants": { "*kᵉnāwōtāyw*": "his colleagues/his associates/his companions", "*hanništᵉwān*": "the letter/the document/the dispatch" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.8", "source": "רְח֣וּם בְּעֵל־טְעֵ֗ם וְשִׁמְשַׁי֙ סָֽפְרָ֔א כְּתַ֛בוּ אִגְּרָ֥ה חֲדָ֖ה עַל־יְרוּשְׁלֶ֑ם לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥שְׂתְּא מַלְכָּ֖א כְּנֵֽמָא׃", "text": "*rᵉḥûm* *bᵉʿēl*-*ṭᵉʿēm* and *wᵉšimšay* *sāpᵉrāʾ* they wrote *kᵉtabû* *ʾiggᵉrāh* one *ḥădāh* against *yᵉrûšᵉlem* to *lᵉʾartaḥšaśtᵉʾ* *malkāʾ* as follows *kᵉnēmāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*rᵉḥûm*": "proper noun - Rehum", "*bᵉʿēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lord of/master of", "*ṭᵉʿēm*": "noun, masculine singular - decree/command", "*wᵉšimšay*": "waw-conjunction + proper noun - and Shimshai", "*sāpᵉrāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the scribe", "*kᵉtabû*": "peal perfect, 3rd plural - they wrote", "*ʾiggᵉrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - letter", "*ḥădāh*": "numeral, feminine singular - one", "*yᵉrûšᵉlem*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*lᵉʾartaḥšaśtᵉʾ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Artaxerxes", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the king", "*kᵉnēmāʾ*": "adverb - as follows/thus" }, "variants": { "*bᵉʿēl*-*ṭᵉʿēm*": "commander/lord of command/official", "*sāpᵉrāʾ*": "the scribe/the secretary", "*ʾiggᵉrāh*": "letter/document/dispatch" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.9", "source": "אֱדַ֜יִן רְח֣וּם בְּעֵל־טְעֵ֗ם וְשִׁמְשַׁי֙ סָֽפְרָ֔א וּשְׁאָ֖ר כְּנָוָתְה֑וֹן דִּ֠ינָיֵא וַאֲפַרְסַתְכָיֵ֞א טַרְפְּלָיֵ֣א אֲפָֽרְסָיֵ֗א *ארכוי **אַרְכְּוָיֵ֤א בָבְלָיֵא֙ שֽׁוּשַׁנְכָיֵ֔א *דהוא **דֶּהָיֵ֖א עֵלְמָיֵֽא׃", "text": "Then *ʾĕdayin* *rᵉḥûm* *bᵉʿēl*-*ṭᵉʿēm* and *wᵉšimšay* *sāpᵉrāʾ* and rest *ûšᵉʾār* their *kᵉnāwātᵉhôn*: the *dînāyēʾ* and the *waʾăparsatᵉkāyēʾ* the *ṭarpᵉlāyēʾ* the *ʾăpārsāyēʾ* the *ʾarkᵉwāyēʾ* the *bābᵉlāyēʾ* the *šûšankāyēʾ* the *dehāyēʾ* the *ʿēlᵉmāyēʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĕdayin*": "adverb - then", "*rᵉḥûm*": "proper noun - Rehum", "*bᵉʿēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lord of/master of", "*ṭᵉʿēm*": "noun, masculine singular - decree/command", "*wᵉšimšay*": "waw-conjunction + proper noun - and Shimshai", "*sāpᵉrāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the scribe", "*ûšᵉʾār*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and rest of", "*kᵉnāwātᵉhôn*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their colleagues", "*dînāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural - the Dinaites", "*waʾăparsatᵉkāyēʾ*": "waw-conjunction + gentilic plural - and the Apharsathchites", "*ṭarpᵉlāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural - the Tarpelites", "*ʾăpārsāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural - the Apharsites", "*ʾarkᵉwāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural - the Archevites", "*bābᵉlāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural - the Babylonians", "*šûšankāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural - the Susanchites", "*dehāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural - the Dehaites", "*ʿēlᵉmāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural - the Elamites" }, "variants": { "*bᵉʿēl*-*ṭᵉʿēm*": "commander/lord of command/official", "*kᵉnāwātᵉhôn*": "their colleagues/their associates/their companions" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.10", "source": "וּשְׁאָ֣ר אֻמַּיָּ֗א דִּ֤י הַגְלִי֙ אָסְנַפַּר֙ רַבָּ֣א וְיַקִּירָ֔א וְהוֹתֵ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ בְּקִרְיָ֖ה דִּ֣י שָׁמְרָ֑יִן וּשְׁאָ֥ר עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֖ה וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃", "text": "And rest *ûšᵉʾār* *ʾummāyāʾ* that *dî* *haglî* *ʾāsnappar* the great *rabbāʾ* and the honorable *wᵉyaqqîrāʾ* and settled *wᵉhôtēb* them *himmô* in city *bᵉqiryāh* of *dî* *šāmᵉrāyin* and rest *ûšᵉʾār* of *ʿăbar*-*nahărāh* and now *ûkᵉʿenet*.", "grammar": { "*ûšᵉʾār*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and rest of", "*ʾummāyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural with Aramaic definite article - the peoples/nations", "*dî*": "relative particle - that/whom", "*haglî*": "haphel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - exiled/transported", "*ʾāsnappar*": "proper noun - Osnappar (Ashurbanipal)", "*rabbāʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the great", "*wᵉyaqqîrāʾ*": "waw-conjunction + adjective, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - and the honorable", "*wᵉhôtēb*": "waw-conjunction + haphel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he settled", "*himmô*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - them", "*bᵉqiryāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in city of", "*dî*": "relative particle - of", "*šāmᵉrāyin*": "proper noun - Samaria", "*ûšᵉʾār*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and rest of", "*ʿăbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beyond", "*nahărāh*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the river", "*ûkᵉʿenet*": "waw-conjunction + adverb - and now" }, "variants": { "*haglî*": "exiled/transported/deported", "*ʾāsnappar*": "Osnappar/Ashurbanipal", "*wᵉhôtēb*": "settled/caused to dwell/relocated", "*ʿăbar*-*nahărāh*": "beyond the River/Trans-Euphrates" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.11", "source": "דְּנָה֙ פַּרְשֶׁ֣גֶן אִגַּרְתָּ֔א דִּ֚י שְׁלַ֣חוּ עֲל֔וֹהִי עַל־אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא מַלְכָּ֑א עַבְדָ֛יךְ אֱנָ֥שׁ עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֖ה וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃ פ", "text": "This *dᵉnāh* *paršegen* *ʾiggartāʾ* which *dî* they sent *šᵉlaḥû* to him *ʿălôhî* to *ʾartaḥšaśtᵉʾ* *malkāʾ*: Your servants *ʿabdāyk* men *ʾĕnāš* *ʿăbar*-*nahărāh* and now *ûkᵉʿenet*.", "grammar": { "*dᵉnāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*paršegen*": "noun, masculine singular construct - copy of", "*ʾiggartāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - the letter", "*dî*": "relative particle - which", "*šᵉlaḥû*": "peal perfect, 3rd plural - they sent", "*ʿălôhî*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾartaḥšaśtᵉʾ*": "proper noun - Artaxerxes", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the king", "*ʿabdāyk*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servants", "*ʾĕnāš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of", "*ʿăbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beyond", "*nahărāh*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the river", "*ûkᵉʿenet*": "waw-conjunction + adverb - and now" }, "variants": { "*paršegen*": "copy/transcript", "*ʾiggartāʾ*": "letter/document/dispatch", "*ʿăbar*-*nahărāh*": "beyond the River/Trans-Euphrates" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.12", "source": "יְדִ֙יעַ֙ לֶהֱוֵ֣א לְמַלְכָּ֔א דִּ֣י יְהוּדָיֵ֗א דִּ֤י סְלִ֙קוּ֙ מִן־לְוָתָ֔ךְ עֲלֶ֥ינָא אֲת֖וֹ לִירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם קִרְיְתָ֨א מָֽרָדְתָּ֤א *ובאישתא **וּבִֽישְׁתָּא֙ בָּנַ֔יִן *ושורי **וְשׁוּרַיָּ֣א *אשכללו **שַׁכְלִ֔ילוּ וְאֻשַּׁיָּ֖א יַחִֽיטוּ׃", "text": "Let it be known *yᵉdîaʿ* *lehĕwēʾ* to the *lᵉmalkāʾ* that *dî* the *yᵉhûdāyēʾ* who *dî* came up *sᵉliqû* from *min*-with you *lᵉwātāk* to us *ʿălênāʾ* have come *ʾătô* to *lîrûšᵉlem*, the city *qiryᵉtāʾ* rebellious *mārādᵉtāʾ* and evil *ûbîšᵉtāʾ* they are building *bānāyin*, and the walls *wᵉšûrayyāʾ* they have completed *šaklîlû* and the foundations *wᵉʾuššayyāʾ* they have repaired *yaḥîṭû*.", "grammar": { "*yᵉdîaʿ*": "peal passive participle, masculine singular - known", "*lehĕwēʾ*": "preposition + peal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular jussive - let it be", "*lᵉmalkāʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - to the king", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*yᵉhûdāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural with Aramaic definite article - the Jews", "*dî*": "relative particle - who", "*sᵉliqû*": "peal perfect, 3rd plural - came up/went up", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*lᵉwātāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you", "*ʿălênāʾ*": "preposition + 1st plural suffix - to us", "*ʾătô*": "peal perfect, 3rd plural - have come", "*lîrûšᵉlem*": "preposition + proper noun - to Jerusalem", "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - the city", "*mārādᵉtāʾ*": "adjective, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - the rebellious", "*ûbîšᵉtāʾ*": "waw-conjunction + adjective, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - and the evil", "*bānāyin*": "peal participle, masculine plural - building", "*wᵉšûrayyāʾ*": "waw-conjunction + noun, feminine plural with Aramaic definite article - and the walls", "*šaklîlû*": "peal perfect, 3rd plural - they have completed", "*wᵉʾuššayyāʾ*": "waw-conjunction + noun, feminine plural with Aramaic definite article - and the foundations", "*yaḥîṭû*": "peal perfect, 3rd plural - they have repaired" }, "variants": { "*sᵉliqû*": "came up/went up/ascended", "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "city/town", "*mārādᵉtāʾ*": "rebellious/seditious", "*bānāyin*": "building/constructing", "*šaklîlû*": "completed/finished/restored", "*yaḥîṭû*": "repaired/joined together/fixed" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.13", "source": "כְּעַ֗ן יְדִ֙יעַ֙ לֶהֱוֵ֣א לְמַלְכָּ֔א דִּ֠י הֵ֣ן קִרְיְתָ֥א דָךְ֙ תִּתְבְּנֵ֔א וְשׁוּרַיָּ֖ה יִֽשְׁתַּכְלְל֑וּן מִנְדָּֽה־בְל֤וֹ וַהֲלָךְ֙ לָ֣א יִנְתְּנ֔וּן וְאַפְּתֹ֥ם מַלְכִ֖ים תְּהַנְזִֽק׃", "text": "Now *kᵉʿan* let it be known *yᵉdîaʿ* *lehĕwēʾ* to the *lᵉmalkāʾ* that *dî* if *hēn* city *qiryᵉtāʾ* this *dāk* is built *titbᵉnēʾ* and its walls *wᵉšûrayyāh* are completed *yištakᵉlᵉlûn*, tax *mindāh*-toll *bᵉlô* and custom *wahălāk* they will not *lāʾ* give *yintᵉnûn*, and revenue of *wᵉʾappᵉtōm* kings *malkîm* will be damaged *tᵉhanziq*.", "grammar": { "*kᵉʿan*": "adverb - now", "*yᵉdîaʿ*": "peal passive participle, masculine singular - known", "*lehĕwēʾ*": "preposition + peal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular jussive - let it be", "*lᵉmalkāʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - to the king", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*hēn*": "conditional particle - if", "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - the city", "*dāk*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*titbᵉnēʾ*": "hitpeel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - is built", "*wᵉšûrayyāh*": "waw-conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and its walls", "*yištakᵉlᵉlûn*": "hitpaal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - are completed", "*mindāh*": "noun, feminine singular - tax", "*bᵉlô*": "noun, masculine singular - toll/tribute", "*wahălāk*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and custom/duty", "*lāʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yintᵉnûn*": "peal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will give", "*wᵉʾappᵉtōm*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and revenue of", "*malkîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*tᵉhanziq*": "haphel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will be damaged" }, "variants": { "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "city/town", "*titbᵉnēʾ*": "is built/will be built", "*yištakᵉlᵉlûn*": "are completed/will be restored/finished", "*mindāh*": "tax/tribute", "*bᵉlô*": "toll/tribute", "*wahălāk*": "custom/duty", "*tᵉhanziq*": "will be damaged/will suffer harm" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.14", "source": "כְּעַ֗ן כָּל־קֳבֵל֙ דִּֽי־מְלַ֤ח הֵֽיכְלָא֙ מְלַ֔חְנָא וְעַרְוַ֣ת מַלְכָּ֔א לָ֥א אֲ‍ֽרִֽיךְ‪[c]‬ לַ֖נָא לְמֶֽחֱזֵ֑א עַ֨ל־דְּנָ֔ה שְׁלַ֖חְנָא וְהוֹדַ֥עְנָא לְמַלְכָּֽא׃", "text": "Now *kᵉʿan* because *kāl*-*qŏbēl* that *dî*-salt of *mᵉlaḥ* the *hêkᵉlāʾ* we eat *mᵉlaḥnāʾ* and dishonor of *wᵉʿarwat* the *malkāʾ* not *lāʾ* proper *ʾărîk* for us *lanāʾ* to *lᵉmeḥĕzēʾ*; therefore *ʿal*-*dᵉnāh* we have sent *šᵉlaḥnāʾ* and informed *wᵉhôdaʿnāʾ* the *lᵉmalkāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*kᵉʿan*": "adverb - now", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*qŏbēl*": "preposition - because", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*mᵉlaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - salt of", "*hêkᵉlāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the palace", "*mᵉlaḥnāʾ*": "peal perfect, 1st plural - we eat/have eaten", "*wᵉʿarwat*": "waw-conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and nakedness of/dishonor of", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the king", "*lāʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾărîk*": "adjective, masculine singular - fitting/appropriate", "*lanāʾ*": "preposition + 1st plural suffix - for us", "*lᵉmeḥĕzēʾ*": "preposition + peal infinitive - to see", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because of", "*dᵉnāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*šᵉlaḥnāʾ*": "peal perfect, 1st plural - we have sent", "*wᵉhôdaʿnāʾ*": "waw-conjunction + haphel perfect, 1st plural - and we have informed", "*lᵉmalkāʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - to the king" }, "variants": { "*mᵉlaḥ* *hêkᵉlāʾ* *mᵉlaḥnāʾ*": "we eat the salt of the palace/we are dependent on the king's provision", "*wᵉʿarwat* *malkāʾ*": "dishonor of the king/injury to the king", "*ʾărîk*": "fitting/proper/appropriate" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.15", "source": "דִּ֡י יְבַקַּר֩ בִּֽסְפַר־דָּכְרָ֨נַיָּ֜א דִּ֣י אֲבָהָתָ֗ךְ וּ֠תְהַשְׁכַּח בִּסְפַ֣ר דָּכְרָנַיָּא֮ וְתִנְדַּע֒ דִּי֩ קִרְיְתָ֨א דָ֜ךְ קִרְיָ֣א מָֽרָדָ֗א וּֽמְהַנְזְקַ֤ת מַלְכִין֙ וּמְדִנָ֔ן וְאֶשְׁתַּדּוּר֙ עָבְדִ֣ין בְּגַוַּ֔הּ מִן־יוֹמָ֖ת עָלְמָ֑א עַ֨ל־דְּנָ֔ה קִרְיְתָ֥א דָ֖ךְ הָֽחָרְבַֽת׃", "text": "That *dî* let search be made *yᵉbaqqar* in *bispᵉphar*-*dākrānayyāʾ* of *dî* your *ʾăbāhātāk* and you will find *ûtᵉhaškạḥ* in *bispᵉphar* *dākrānayyāʾ* and learn *wᵉtindaʿ* that *dî* city *qiryᵉtāʾ* this *dāk* a city *qiryāʾ* rebellious *mārādāʾ* and harmful *ûmᵉhanzᵉqat* to kings *malkîn* and provinces *ûmᵉdînān*, and rebellion *wᵉʾeštaddûr* they make *ʿābdîn* within it *bᵉgawwạh* from *min*-days *yômāt* ancient *ʿālᵉmāʾ*; on account of which *ʿal*-*dᵉnāh* city *qiryᵉtāʾ* this *dāk* was destroyed *hāḥārbat*.", "grammar": { "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*yᵉbaqqar*": "pael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular jussive - let him search", "*bispᵉphar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in book of", "*dākrānayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural with Aramaic definite article - the records", "*dî*": "relative particle - of", "*ʾăbāhātāk*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*ûtᵉhaškạḥ*": "waw-conjunction + haphel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you will find", "*bispᵉphar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in book of", "*dākrānayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural with Aramaic definite article - the records", "*wᵉtindaʿ*": "waw-conjunction + peal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you will know", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - the city", "*dāk*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*qiryāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - a city", "*mārādāʾ*": "adjective, feminine singular - rebellious", "*ûmᵉhanzᵉqat*": "waw-conjunction + haphel participle, feminine singular construct - and causing harm to", "*malkîn*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*ûmᵉdînān*": "waw-conjunction + noun, feminine plural - and provinces", "*wᵉʾeštaddûr*": "waw-conjunction + hitpaal infinitive - and rebellion", "*ʿābdîn*": "peal participle, masculine plural - making", "*bᵉgawwạh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - within it", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*yômāt*": "construct noun, masculine plural - days of", "*ʿālᵉmāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - ancient/eternal", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on account of", "*dᵉnāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - the city", "*dāk*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*hāḥārbat*": "hophal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - was destroyed/laid waste" }, "variants": { "*dākrānayyāʾ*": "records/annals/chronicles", "*mārādāʾ*": "rebellious/seditious", "*ûmᵉhanzᵉqat*": "harmful to/injuring/damaging", "*wᵉʾeštaddûr*": "rebellion/sedition/insurrection", "*ʿālᵉmāʾ*": "ancient/eternal/long-standing", "*hāḥārbat*": "was destroyed/laid waste/devastated" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.16", "source": "מְהוֹדְעִ֤ין אֲנַ֙חְנָה֙ לְמַלְכָּ֔א דִּ֠י הֵ֣ן קִרְיְתָ֥א דָךְ֙ תִּתְבְּנֵ֔א וְשׁוּרַיָּ֖ה יִֽשְׁתַּכְלְל֑וּן לָקֳבֵ֣ל דְּנָ֔ה חֲלָק֙ בַּעֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֔א לָ֥א אִיתַ֖י לָֽךְ׃ פ", "text": "We inform *mᵉhôdᵉʿîn* *ʾănaḥnāh* to the *lᵉmalkāʾ* that *dî* if *hēn* city *qiryᵉtāʾ* this *dāk* is built *titbᵉnēʾ* and its walls *wᵉšûrayyāh* are completed *yištakᵉlᵉlûn*, then on account of *lāqŏbēl* this *dᵉnāh* no portion *ḥălāq* in *baʿăbar* *nahărāʾ* will not *lāʾ* be *ʾîtay* to you *lāk*.", "grammar": { "*mᵉhôdᵉʿîn*": "haphel participle, masculine plural - informing", "*ʾănaḥnāh*": "1st person plural pronoun - we", "*lᵉmalkāʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - to the king", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*hēn*": "conditional particle - if", "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - the city", "*dāk*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*titbᵉnēʾ*": "hitpeel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - is built", "*wᵉšûrayyāh*": "waw-conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and its walls", "*yištakᵉlᵉlûn*": "hitpaal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - are completed", "*lāqŏbēl*": "preposition - on account of/because of", "*dᵉnāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ḥălāq*": "noun, masculine singular - portion/share", "*baʿăbar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in beyond", "*nahărāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the river", "*lāʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾîtay*": "particle of existence - there will be", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "city/town", "*titbᵉnēʾ*": "is built/will be built", "*yištakᵉlᵉlûn*": "are completed/will be finished", "*ḥălāq*": "portion/share/territory", "*baʿăbar* *nahărāʾ*": "beyond the River/Trans-Euphrates" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.17", "source": "פִּתְגָמָ֞א שְׁלַ֣ח מַלְכָּ֗א עַל־רְח֤וּם בְּעֵל־טְעֵם֙ וְשִׁמְשַׁ֣י סָֽפְרָ֔א וּשְׁאָר֙ כְּנָוָ֣תְה֔וֹן דִּ֥י יָתְבִ֖ין בְּשָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן וּשְׁאָ֧ר עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֛ה שְׁלָ֖ם וּכְעֶֽת׃ ס", "text": "A *pitgāmāʾ* sent *šᵉlaḥ* the *malkāʾ* to *ʿal*-*rᵉḥûm* *bᵉʿēl*-*ṭᵉʿēm* and *wᵉšimšay* *sāpᵉrāʾ* and rest *ûšᵉʾār* their *kᵉnāwātᵉhôn* who *dî* dwell *yātᵉbîn* in *bᵉšāmᵉrāyin* and rest *ûšᵉʾār* *ʿăbar*-*nahărāh*: Peace *šᵉlām* and now *ûkᵉʿet*.", "grammar": { "*pitgāmāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the message/decree", "*šᵉlaḥ*": "peal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - sent", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the king", "*ʿal*": "preposition - to", "*rᵉḥûm*": "proper noun - Rehum", "*bᵉʿēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lord of/master of", "*ṭᵉʿēm*": "noun, masculine singular - decree/command", "*wᵉšimšay*": "waw-conjunction + proper noun - and Shimshai", "*sāpᵉrāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the scribe", "*ûšᵉʾār*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and rest of", "*kᵉnāwātᵉhôn*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their colleagues", "*dî*": "relative particle - who", "*yātᵉbîn*": "peal participle, masculine plural - dwelling", "*bᵉšāmᵉrāyin*": "preposition + proper noun - in Samaria", "*ûšᵉʾār*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and rest of", "*ʿăbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beyond", "*nahărāh*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the river", "*šᵉlām*": "noun, masculine singular - peace", "*ûkᵉʿet*": "waw-conjunction + adverb - and now" }, "variants": { "*pitgāmāʾ*": "message/decree/command", "*bᵉʿēl*-*ṭᵉʿēm*": "commander/lord of command/official", "*kᵉnāwātᵉhôn*": "their colleagues/their associates/their companions", "*yātᵉbîn*": "dwelling/residing/living", "*ʿăbar*-*nahărāh*": "beyond the River/Trans-Euphrates" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.18", "source": "נִשְׁתְּוָנָ֕א דִּ֥י שְׁלַחְתּ֖וּן עֲלֶ֑ינָא מְפָרַ֥שׁ קֱרִ֖י קָדָמָֽי׃", "text": "The *ništᵉwānāʾ* which *dî* you sent *šᵉlaḥtûn* to us *ʿălênāʾ* clearly *mᵉpāraš* was read *qĕrî* before me *qādāmāy*.", "grammar": { "*ništᵉwānāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the letter", "*dî*": "relative particle - which", "*šᵉlaḥtûn*": "peal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you sent", "*ʿălênāʾ*": "preposition + 1st plural suffix - to us", "*mᵉpāraš*": "pual participle, masculine singular - clearly/distinctly", "*qĕrî*": "peal passive participle, masculine singular - was read", "*qādāmāy*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - before me" }, "variants": { "*ništᵉwānāʾ*": "letter/document/dispatch", "*mᵉpāraš*": "clearly/distinctly/translated" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.19", "source": "וּמִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ וּבַקַּ֣רוּ וְהַשְׁכַּ֔חוּ דִּ֚י קִרְיְתָ֣א דָ֔ךְ מִן־יוֹמָת֙ עֽ͏ָלְמָ֔א עַל־מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה וּמְרַ֥ד וְאֶשְׁתַּדּ֖וּר מִתְעֲבֶד־בַּֽהּ׃", "text": "And from me *ûminnî* was set *śîm* *ṭᵉʿēm* and they searched *ûbaqqarû* and found *wᵉhaškạḥû* that *dî* city *qiryᵉtāʾ* this *dāk* from *min*-days *yômāt* ancient *ʿālᵉmāʾ* against *ʿal*-kings *malkîn* rising *mitnāśᵉʾāh* and rebellion *ûmᵉrad* and sedition *wᵉʾeštaddûr* done *mitʿăbed*-in it *bạh*.", "grammar": { "*ûminnî*": "waw-conjunction + preposition + 1st singular suffix - and from me", "*śîm*": "peal perfect, 3rd masculine singular passive - was put/set", "*ṭᵉʿēm*": "noun, masculine singular - decree/command", "*ûbaqqarû*": "waw-conjunction + pael perfect, 3rd plural - and they searched", "*wᵉhaškạḥû*": "waw-conjunction + haphel perfect, 3rd plural - and they found", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - the city", "*dāk*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*yômāt*": "construct noun, masculine plural - days of", "*ʿālᵉmāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - ancient/eternal", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against", "*malkîn*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*mitnāśᵉʾāh*": "hitpaal participle, feminine singular - lifting itself up", "*ûmᵉrad*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and rebellion", "*wᵉʾeštaddûr*": "waw-conjunction + hitpaal infinitive - and sedition", "*mitʿăbed*": "hitpeel participle, masculine singular - being done", "*bạh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*śîm* *ṭᵉʿēm*": "a decree was issued/an order was given", "*qiryᵉtāʾ*": "city/town", "*ʿālᵉmāʾ*": "ancient/eternal/long-standing", "*mitnāśᵉʾāh*": "rising up/rebelling/lifting itself up", "*wᵉʾeštaddûr*": "sedition/insurrection/revolt" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.20", "source": "וּמַלְכִ֣ין תַּקִּיפִ֗ין הֲווֹ֙ עַל־יְר֣וּשְׁלֶ֔ם וְשַׁ֨לִּיטִ֔ין בְּכֹ֖ל עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑ה וּמִדָּ֥ה בְל֛וֹ וַהֲלָ֖ךְ מִתְיְהֵ֥ב לְהֽוֹן׃", "text": "And kings *ûmalkîn* mighty *taqqîpîn* have been *hăwô* over *ʿal*-*yᵉrûšᵉlem* and ruling *wᵉšallîṭîn* in all *bᵉkōl* *ʿăbar* *nahărāh*; and tax *ûmiddāh* toll *bᵉlô* and custom *wahălāk* was given *mityᵉhēb* to them *lᵉhôn*.", "grammar": { "*ûmalkîn*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and kings", "*taqqîpîn*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty/powerful", "*hăwô*": "peal perfect, 3rd plural - have been", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*yᵉrûšᵉlem*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*wᵉšallîṭîn*": "waw-conjunction + adjective, masculine plural - and ruling", "*bᵉkōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in all", "*ʿăbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beyond", "*nahărāh*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the river", "*ûmiddāh*": "waw-conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and tax", "*bᵉlô*": "noun, masculine singular - toll/tribute", "*wahălāk*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and custom/duty", "*mityᵉhēb*": "hitpeel participle, masculine singular - being given", "*lᵉhôn*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them" }, "variants": { "*taqqîpîn*": "mighty/powerful/strong", "*wᵉšallîṭîn*": "ruling/having authority", "*ʿăbar* *nahărāh*": "beyond the River/Trans-Euphrates", "*ûmiddāh*": "tax/tribute", "*bᵉlô*": "toll/tribute", "*wahălāk*": "custom/duty" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.21", "source": "כְּעַן֙ שִׂ֣ימוּ טְּעֵ֔ם לְבַטָּלָ֖א גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֑ךְ וְקִרְיְתָ֥א דָךְ֙ לָ֣א תִתְבְּנֵ֔א עַד־מִנִּ֖י טַעְמָ֥א יִתְּשָֽׂם׃", "text": "Now *kᵉʿan* set *śîmû* *ṭᵉʿēm* to stop *lᵉbaṭṭālāʾ* the men *gubhrayyāʾ* these *ʾillēk* and city *wᵉqiryᵉtāʾ* this *dāk* not *lāʾ* shall be built *titbᵉnēʾ* until *ʿad*-from me *minnî* decree *ṭaʿmāʾ* is issued *yitᵉśām*.", "grammar": { "*kᵉʿan*": "adverb - now", "*śîmû*": "peal imperative, masculine plural - set/issue", "*ṭᵉʿēm*": "noun, masculine singular - decree/command", "*lᵉbaṭṭālāʾ*": "preposition + pael infinitive - to stop", "*gubhrayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural with Aramaic definite article - the men", "*ʾillēk*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these", "*wᵉqiryᵉtāʾ*": "waw-conjunction + noun, feminine singular with Aramaic definite article - and the city", "*dāk*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*lāʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*titbᵉnēʾ*": "hitpeel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - shall be built", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*minnî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - from me", "*ṭaʿmāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the decree", "*yitᵉśām*": "hitpeel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is issued" }, "variants": { "*śîmû* *ṭᵉʿēm*": "issue a decree/give an order", "*lᵉbaṭṭālāʾ*": "to stop/to cause to cease", "*titbᵉnēʾ*": "shall be built/will be built", "*yitᵉśām*": "is issued/is established/is given" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.22", "source": "וּזְהִירִ֥ין הֱו֛וֹ שָׁל֖וּ לְמֶעְבַּ֣ד עַל־דְּנָ֑ה לְמָה֙ יִשְׂגֵּ֣א חֲבָלָ֔א לְהַנְזָקַ֖ת מַלְכִֽין׃ ס", "text": "And be careful *ûzᵉhîrîn* *hĕwô* neglect *šālû* to do *lᵉmeʿbad* about *ʿal*-this *dᵉnāh*; why *lᵉmāh* should grow *yiśgēʾ* damage *ḥăbālāʾ* to harm *lᵉhanzāqat* kings *malkîn*?", "grammar": { "*ûzᵉhîrîn*": "waw-conjunction + adjective, masculine plural - and careful", "*hĕwô*": "peal imperative, 2nd masculine plural - be", "*šālû*": "peal infinitive - to neglect", "*lᵉmeʿbad*": "preposition + peal infinitive - to do", "*ʿal*": "preposition - about", "*dᵉnāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*lᵉmāh*": "preposition + interrogative - why", "*yiśgēʾ*": "peal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - should grow", "*ḥăbālāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the damage", "*lᵉhanzāqat*": "preposition + haphel infinitive construct - to harm", "*malkîn*": "noun, masculine plural - kings" }, "variants": { "*ûzᵉhîrîn* *hĕwô*": "be careful/be diligent", "*šālû*": "to neglect/to be remiss", "*yiśgēʾ*": "should grow/should increase", "*ḥăbālāʾ*": "damage/destruction/harm", "*lᵉhanzāqat*": "to harm/to injure/to damage" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.23", "source": "אֱדַ֗יִן מִן־דִּ֞י פַּרְשֶׁ֤גֶן נִשְׁתְּוָנָא֙ דִּ֚י *ארתחששתא **אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֣שְׂתְּ מַלְכָּ֔א קֱרִ֧י קֳדָם־רְח֛וּם וְשִׁמְשַׁ֥י סָפְרָ֖א וּכְנָוָתְה֑וֹן אֲזַ֨לוּ בִבְהִיל֤וּ לִירֽוּשְׁלֶם֙ עַל־יְה֣וּדָיֵ֔א וּבַטִּ֥לוּ הִמּ֖וֹ בְּאֶדְרָ֥ע וְחָֽיִל׃ ס", "text": "Then *ʾĕdayin* when *min*-*dî* the copy *paršegen* of the *ništᵉwānāʾ* of *dî* *ʾartaḥšaśtᵉʾ* the *malkāʾ* was read *qĕrî* before *qŏdām*-*rᵉḥûm* and *wᵉšimšay* *sāpᵉrāʾ* and their *ûkᵉnāwātᵉhôn*, they went *ʾăzalû* in haste *bibhîlû* to *lîrûšᵉlem* to *ʿal*-the *yᵉhûdāyēʾ* and made cease *ûbaṭṭilû* them *himmô* by *bᵉʾedrāʿ* and *wᵉḥāyil*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĕdayin*": "adverb - then", "*min*": "preposition - when", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*paršegen*": "noun, masculine singular construct - copy of", "*ništᵉwānāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the letter", "*dî*": "relative particle - of", "*ʾartaḥšaśtᵉʾ*": "proper noun - Artaxerxes", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the king", "*qĕrî*": "peal passive participle, masculine singular - was read", "*qŏdām*": "preposition - before", "*rᵉḥûm*": "proper noun - Rehum", "*wᵉšimšay*": "waw-conjunction + proper noun - and Shimshai", "*sāpᵉrāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the scribe", "*ûkᵉnāwātᵉhôn*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their colleagues", "*ʾăzalû*": "peal perfect, 3rd plural - they went", "*bibhîlû*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in haste", "*lîrûšᵉlem*": "preposition + proper noun - to Jerusalem", "*ʿal*": "preposition - to", "*yᵉhûdāyēʾ*": "gentilic plural with Aramaic definite article - the Jews", "*ûbaṭṭilû*": "waw-conjunction + pael perfect, 3rd plural - and they made cease", "*himmô*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - them", "*bᵉʾedrāʿ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - by force/arm", "*wᵉḥāyil*": "waw-conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and power/army" }, "variants": { "*paršegen*": "copy/transcript", "*ništᵉwānāʾ*": "letter/document/dispatch", "*bibhîlû*": "in haste/quickly/hurriedly", "*ûbaṭṭilû*": "made cease/stopped/restrained", "*bᵉʾedrāʿ*": "by force/by arm/with power", "*wᵉḥāyil*": "and power/might/army" } } 24 { "verseID": "Ezra.4.24", "source": "בֵּאדַ֗יִן בְּטֵלַת֙ עֲבִידַ֣ת בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֔א דִּ֖י בִּירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם וַהֲוָת֙ בָּֽטְלָ֔א עַ֚ד שְׁנַ֣ת תַּרְתֵּ֔ין לְמַלְכ֖וּת דָּרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרָֽס׃ פ", "text": "At that time *bēʾdayin* ceased *bᵉṭēlat* work *ʿăbîdat* of *bêt*-*ʾĕlāhāʾ* which *dî* in *bîrûšᵉlem*; and it was *wahăwāt* stopped *bāṭᵉlāʾ* until *ʿad* year *šᵉnat* second *tartēn* of reign *lᵉmalkût* *dārᵉyāweš* *melek*-*pārās*.", "grammar": { "*bēʾdayin*": "preposition + adverb - at that time", "*bᵉṭēlat*": "peal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - ceased", "*ʿăbîdat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - work of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with Aramaic definite article - the God", "*dî*": "relative particle - which", "*bîrûšᵉlem*": "preposition + proper noun - in Jerusalem", "*wahăwāt*": "waw-conjunction + peal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it was", "*bāṭᵉlāʾ*": "pael participle, feminine singular - stopped/being stopped", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*šᵉnat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - year of", "*tartēn*": "numeral, feminine - second", "*lᵉmalkût*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - to reign of", "*dārᵉyāweš*": "proper noun - Darius", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*pārās*": "proper noun - Persia" }, "variants": { "*bēʾdayin*": "at that time/then", "*bᵉṭēlat*": "ceased/stopped", "*ʿăbîdat*": "work/service/labor", "*bāṭᵉlāʾ*": "stopped/idle/inactive" } }
• Neh 4:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.4.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י כַאֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׁמַ֣ע סַנְבַלַּ֡ט וְ֠טוֹבִיָּה וְהָעַרְבִ֨ים וְהָעַמֹּנִ֜ים וְהָאַשְׁדּוֹדִ֗ים כִּֽי־עָלְתָ֤ה אֲרוּכָה֙ לְחֹמ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם כִּי־הֵחֵ֥לּוּ הַפְּרֻצִ֖ים לְהִסָּתֵ֑ם וַיִּ֥חַר לָהֶ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* when *šāmaʿ* *Sanballat* and *Tôbiyyâ* and the *hāʿarbîm* and the *hāʿammōnîm* and the *hāʾašdôdîm* that *ʿālətâ* *ʾarûkâ* to *ḥōmôt* *Yərûšālaim*, that *hēḥēllû* the *happərušîm* to *hissātēm*; and *wayyîḥar* to them very much.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened/came to pass", "*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect 3ms - heard", "*Sanballat*": "proper noun", "*Tôbiyyâ*": "proper noun", "*hāʿarbîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the Arabs", "*hāʿammōnîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the Ammonites", "*hāʾašdôdîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the Ashdodites", "*ʿālətâ*": "qal perfect 3fs - went up/arose", "*ʾarûkâ*": "noun feminine singular - healing/restoration", "*ḥōmôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - walls of", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*hēḥēllû*": "hiphil perfect 3cp - they began", "*happərušîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the breaches/gaps", "*hissātēm*": "niphal infinitive construct + pronominal suffix 3mp - to be closed/repaired", "*wayyîḥar*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and became hot/angry" }, "variants": { "*ʾarûkâ*": "healing/restoration/repair", "*ḥōmôt*": "walls/fortifications", "*happərušîm*": "breaches/gaps/broken places", "*hissātēm*": "to be closed/stopped/repaired" } } 2 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.4.2", "source": "וַיִּקְשְׁר֤וּ כֻלָּם֙ יַחְדָּ֔ו לָב֖וֹא לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת ל֖וֹ תּוֹעָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiqšərû* all of them *yaḥdāw* to *lābôʾ* to *ləhillāḥēm* against *bîrûšālāim* and to *laʿaśôt* to him *tôʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqšərû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they conspired/plotted", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together", "*lābôʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to come", "*ləhillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*bîrûšālāim*": "preposition + proper noun - against Jerusalem", "*laʿaśôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to make/do", "*tôʿâ*": "noun feminine singular - error/confusion/harm" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqšərû*": "they conspired/plotted/made alliance", "*tôʿâ*": "error/confusion/harm/disturbance" } }
• Acts 1:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Acts.1.8", "source": "Ἀλλὰ λήψεσθε δύναμιν, ἐπελθόντος τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς: καὶ ἔσεσθέ μοι μάρτυρες ἔν τε Ἰερουσαλήμ, καὶ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ, καὶ Σαμαρείᾳ, καὶ ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς.", "text": "But you *lēpsesthe dynamin*, *epelthontos* the *Hagiou Pneumatos* upon you: and you *esesthe* to me *martyres* in both *Ierousalēm*, and in all the *Ioudaia*, and *Samareia*, and until *eschatou* of the *gēs*.", "grammar": { "*lēpsesthe*": "future, middle, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will receive", "*dynamin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - power", "*epelthontos*": "aorist, active, participle, genitive, neuter, singular - having come upon", "*Hagiou Pneumatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - Holy Spirit", "*esesthe*": "future, middle, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will be", "*martyres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - witnesses", "*Ierousalēm*": "dative, feminine, singular - Jerusalem (indeclinable)", "*Ioudaia*": "dative, feminine, singular - Judea", "*Samareia*": "dative, feminine, singular - Samaria", "*eschatou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - uttermost/farthest", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*lēpsesthe*": "you will receive/obtain/take", "*dynamin*": "power/strength/ability", "*epelthontos*": "having come upon/arrived/descended upon", "*martyres*": "witnesses/testifiers", "*eschatou*": "uttermost/farthest/end", "*gēs*": "earth/land/world" } }