Verse 43

{ "verseID": "Luke.19.43", "source": "Ὅτι ἥξουσιν ἡμέραι ἐπὶ σέ, καὶ περιβαλοῦσιν οἱ ἐχθροί σου χάρακά σοι, καὶ περικυκλώσουσίν σε, καὶ συνέξουσίν σε πάντοθεν,", "text": "For will come *hēmerai* upon you, and will *peribalousin* the *echthroi* of you *charaka* for you, and will *perikyklōsousin* you, and will *synexousin* you *pantothen*,", "grammar": { "*hēmerai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - days", "*peribalousin*": "future active, 3rd person plural - will cast around", "*echthroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - enemies", "*charaka*": "accusative, masculine, singular - palisade/barricade", "*perikyklōsousin*": "future active, 3rd person plural - will surround", "*synexousin*": "future active, 3rd person plural - will press hard", "*pantothen*": "adverb - from all sides" }, "variants": { "*hēmerai*": "days/times", "*peribalousin*": "will cast around/build/construct", "*echthroi*": "enemies/foes", "*charaka*": "palisade/barricade/rampart", "*perikyklōsousin*": "will surround/encircle completely", "*synexousin*": "will press hard/hem in/constrain", "*pantothen*": "from all sides/on every side" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  For dager skal komme over deg, da dine fiender skal legge en grøft rundt deg og omringe deg, og holde deg innesperret fra alle sider,

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  For dager skal komme over deg, da dine fiender skal legge rundt deg en voll og omringe deg, og knuse deg på alle kanter.

• Norsk King James

  For dager skal komme over deg, da dine fiender skal kaste en voll rundt deg og omringe deg fra alle kanter,

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  For det skal komme dager over deg da fiendene dine skal bygge en voll rundt deg og kringsette deg og trenge deg fra alle kanter.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  For dager skal komme over deg da dine fiender skal kaste en voll opp omkring deg og kringsette deg og trenge deg på alle kanter,

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  For dager skal komme over deg, da dine fiender skal bygge en voll rundt deg og omringe deg, og trenge seg inn på deg fra alle kanter,

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  For det skal komme dager over deg da dine fiender skal bygge en voll rundt deg, omringe deg og trenge deg fra alle kanter.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  For dagene skal komme da dine fiender graver en grøft rundt deg, omringer deg og holder deg innestengt på alle sider,

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  For det skal komme dager over deg da dine fiender skal bygge en voll rundt deg, omringe deg og trenge deg fra alle kanter.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  For dager skal komme over deg, da dine fiender skal bygge voller rundt deg, omslutte deg og presse deg fra alle sider.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  For the days will come upon you when your enemies will build a barricade against you, surround you, and hem you in on every side.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  ‘For det skal komme dager over deg da dine fiender skal bygge en voll rundt deg, omringe deg og trenge deg på alle kanter.’

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Derfor skulle de Dage komme over dig, at dine Fjender skulle kaste en Vold op omkring dig og beleire dig rundt omkring og trænge dig allevegne.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,

• KJV 1769 norsk

  For dager skal komme da dine fiender skal reise en voll omkring deg og kringsette deg fra alle kanter.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  For the days shall come upon you, when your enemies will build an embankment around you and surround you and enclose you on every side,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  For dager skal komme over deg, da fiendene dine skal bygge en voll mot deg, omringe deg, og trenge inn på alle sider.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  For det skal komme dager over deg, da dine fiender skal kaste opp en voll mot deg, omringe deg og trenge deg fra alle kanter.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Det skal komme dager over deg da fiendene dine skal kaste opp en voll rundt deg, kringsette deg og trenge deg på alle sider.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  For dager skal komme over deg da dine fiender skal bygge en voll omkring deg, omringe deg og holde deg innesperret på alle kanter.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  For the dayes shall come vpo the that thy enemys shall cast a banke aboute the and copasse the rounde and kepe the in on every syde

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For the tyme shal come vpon the, that thine enimies shal cast vp a bake aboute the, and aboute thy children with the, and besege ye, and kepe the in on euery syde,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  For the dayes shall come vpon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compasse thee round, and keepe thee in on euery side,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For the dayes shall come vpon thee, that thyne enemies also shall caste a banke about thee, and compasse thee rounde, and kepe thee in on euery syde:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ‹For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,›

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  For the days will come on you, when your enemies will throw up a barricade against you, surround you, hem you in on every side,

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Because days shall come upon thee, and thine enemies shall cast around thee a rampart, and compass thee round, and press thee on every side,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For the days shall come upon thee, when thine enemies shall cast up a bank about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  For the time will come when your attackers will put a wall round you, and come all round you and keep you in on every side,

• World English Bible (2000)

  For the days will come on you, when your enemies will throw up a barricade against you, surround you, hem you in on every side,

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  For the days will come upon you when your enemies will build an embankment against you and surround you and close in on you from every side.

Referenced Verses

• Ezek 4:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.4.2", "source": "וְנָתַתָּ֨ה עָלֶ֜יהָ מָצ֗וֹר וּבָנִ֤יתָ עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ דָּיֵ֔ק וְשָׁפַכְתָּ֥ עָלֶ֖יהָ סֹֽלְלָ֑ה וְנָתַתָּ֨ה עָלֶ֧יהָ מַחֲנ֛וֹת וְשִׂים־עָלֶ֥יהָ כָּרִ֖ים סָבִֽיב׃", "text": "And *nāṯattāh* against-it *māṣôr* and *bānîṯā* against-it *dāyēq* and *šāp̄aḵtā* against-it *sōlᵊlāh* and *nāṯattāh* against-it *maḥănôṯ* and set against-it *kārîm* around", "grammar": { "*nāṯattāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person, masculine, singular - you will place/put", "*māṣôr*": "noun, masculine, singular - siege/entrenchment", "*bānîṯā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person, masculine, singular - you will build", "*dāyēq*": "noun, masculine, singular - siege wall/bulwark", "*šāp̄aḵtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person, masculine, singular - you will pour out/heap up", "*sōlᵊlāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - mound/ramp/siege ramp", "*maḥănôṯ*": "noun, masculine, plural - camps/encampments", "*śîm*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine, singular - set/place", "*kārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - battering rams" }, "variants": { "*māṣôr*": "siege/siege works/entrenchment", "*dāyēq*": "siege wall/bulwark/watchtower", "*sōlᵊlāh*": "mound/ramp/siege ramp", "*kārîm*": "battering rams/siege engines" } }
• Ezek 26:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.8", "source": "בְּנוֹתַ֥יִךְ בַּשָּׂדֶ֖ה בַּחֶ֣רֶב יַהֲרֹ֑ג וְנָתַ֨ן עָלַ֜יִךְ דָּיֵ֗ק וְשָׁפַ֤ךְ עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ סֹֽלְלָ֔ה וְהֵקִ֥ים עָלַ֖יִךְ צִנָּֽה׃", "text": "Your *benôtayik* *bassādeh* with the *chereb* *yaharōg*, and *nātan* against you *dāyēq*, and *shāphak* against you *sôlelâ*, and *hēqîm* against you *tsinnâ*.", "grammar": { "*benôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your daughters", "*bassādeh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with definite article - in the field", "*chereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*yaharōg*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will kill", "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will set up", "*dāyēq*": "masculine singular noun - siege wall", "*shāphak*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will pour out", "*sôlelâ*": "feminine singular noun - siege ramp/mound", "*hēqîm*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will raise up", "*tsinnâ*": "feminine singular noun - large shield/buckler" }, "variants": { "*benôtayik*": "your daughters/your dependent towns", "*dāyēq*": "siege wall/siege works", "*sôlelâ*": "siege ramp/siege mound", "*tsinnâ*": "large shield/shield wall/protective barrier" } }
• Dan 9:26-27 : 26 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.26", "source": "וְאַחֲרֵ֤י הַשָּׁבֻעִים֙ שִׁשִּׁ֣ים וּשְׁנַ֔יִם יִכָּרֵ֥ת מָשִׁ֖יחַ וְאֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ וְהָעִ֨יר וְהַקֹּ֜דֶשׁ יַ֠שְׁחִית עַ֣ם נָגִ֤יד הַבָּא֙ וְקִצּ֣וֹ בַשֶּׁ֔טֶף וְעַד֙ קֵ֣ץ מִלְחָמָ֔ה נֶחֱרֶ֖צֶת שֹׁמֵמֽוֹת׃", "text": "And after the *šāḇuʿîm* sixty and two *yikkārêṯ* *māšîaḥ* and *ʾên* to him; and the *ʿîr* and the *qōḏeš* *yašḥîṯ* *ʿam* *nāḡîḏ* the *bāʾ* and *qiṣṣô* in the *šeṭep̄*; and until *qêṣ* *milḥāmāh*, *neḥĕreṣeṯ* *šōmēmôṯ*.", "grammar": { "*šāḇuʿîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the weeks/sevens", "*yikkārêṯ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - he shall be cut off", "*māšîaḥ*": "noun, masculine, singular - anointed one", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the city", "*qōḏeš*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the sanctuary", "*yašḥîṯ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he shall destroy", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - people of", "*nāḡîḏ*": "noun, masculine, singular - prince/ruler", "*bāʾ*": "participle, qal, masculine, singular with definite article - the coming", "*qiṣṣô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3ms suffix - his end", "*šeṭep̄*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the flood", "*qêṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - end of", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - war", "*neḥĕreṣeṯ*": "passive participle, niphal, feminine, singular - determined", "*šōmēmôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - desolations" }, "variants": { "*šāḇuʿîm*": "weeks/sevens/periods of seven", "*yikkārêṯ*": "he shall be cut off/removed/eliminated", "*māšîaḥ*": "anointed one/messiah", "*ʾên*": "there is not/nothing/without", "*qōḏeš*": "sanctuary/holy place/temple", "*yašḥîṯ*": "he shall destroy/ruin/corrupt", "*nāḡîḏ*": "prince/ruler/leader", "*bāʾ*": "the coming/approaching/arriving", "*qiṣṣô*": "his end/completion/termination", "*šeṭep̄*": "flood/overwhelming force/inundation", "*qêṣ*": "end/conclusion/termination of", "*milḥāmāh*": "war/battle/fighting", "*neḥĕreṣeṯ*": "determined/decreed/decided", "*šōmēmôṯ*": "desolations/devastations" } } 27 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.27", "source": "וְהִגְבִּ֥יר בְּרִ֛ית לָרַבִּ֖ים שָׁב֣וּעַ אֶחָ֑ד וַחֲצִ֨י הַשָּׁב֜וּעַ יַשְׁבִּ֣ית ׀ זֶ֣בַח וּמִנְחָ֗ה וְעַ֨ל כְּנַ֤ף שִׁקּוּצִים֙ מְשֹׁמֵ֔ם וְעַד־כָּלָה֙ וְנֶ֣חֱרָצָ֔ה תִּתַּ֖ךְ עַל־שֹׁמֵֽם׃", "text": "And *hiḡbîr* *bərîṯ* to the *rabbîm* *šāḇûaʿ* one; and half the *šāḇûaʿ* *yašbîṯ* *zeḇaḥ* and *minḥāh*, and upon *kənap̄* *šiqqûṣîm* *məšōmêm*; and until *kālāh* and *neḥĕrāṣāh* *tittaḵ* upon *šōmêm*.", "grammar": { "*hiḡbîr*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular with vav consecutive, hiphil - and he shall make strong", "*bərîṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - covenant", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the many", "*šāḇûaʿ*": "noun, masculine, singular - week/seven", "*šāḇûaʿ*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the week/seven", "*yašbîṯ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he shall cause to cease", "*zeḇaḥ*": "noun, masculine, singular - sacrifice", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - offering", "*kənap̄*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - wing of", "*šiqqûṣîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - abominations", "*məšōmêm*": "participle, poel, masculine, singular - making desolate", "*kālāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - completion/end", "*neḥĕrāṣāh*": "passive participle, niphal, feminine, singular - determined", "*tittaḵ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal - it will be poured out", "*šōmêm*": "participle, qal, masculine, singular - one who is desolate" }, "variants": { "*hiḡbîr*": "and he shall make strong/confirm/strengthen", "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*rabbîm*": "the many/multitude/great ones", "*šāḇûaʿ*": "week/seven/period of seven", "*yašbîṯ*": "he shall cause to cease/stop/end", "*zeḇaḥ*": "sacrifice/slaughter offering", "*minḥāh*": "offering/gift/tribute", "*kənap̄*": "wing/extremity/corner of", "*šiqqûṣîm*": "abominations/detestable things", "*məšōmêm*": "making desolate/causing horror", "*kālāh*": "completion/end/consumption", "*neḥĕrāṣāh*": "determined/decreed/decided", "*tittaḵ*": "it will be poured out/spilled/brought down", "*šōmêm*": "one who is desolate/devastated/appalled" } }
• Matt 22:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Matthew.22.7", "source": "Καὶ ἀκούσας ὁ βασιλεὺς, ὠργίσθη: καὶ πέμψας τὰ στρατεύματα αὐτοῦ, ἀπώλεσεν τοὺς φονεῖς ἐκείνους, καὶ τὴν πόλιν αὐτῶν ἐνέπρησεν.", "text": "And *akousas* the *basileus*, *ōrgisthē*: and *pempsas* the *strateumata* of him, *apōlesen* the *phoneis* *ekeinous*, and the *polin* of them *eneprēsen*.", "grammar": { "*akousas*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having heard", "*basileus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - king", "*ōrgisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was angered/became enraged", "*pempsas*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having sent", "*strateumata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - armies/troops", "*apōlesen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - destroyed/killed", "*phoneis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - murderers/killers", "*ekeinous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - those/those ones", "*polin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - city", "*eneprēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - burned/set on fire" }, "variants": { "*akousas*": "having heard/learned of", "*ōrgisthē*": "was angered/became enraged/was furious", "*strateumata*": "armies/troops/military forces", "*apōlesen*": "destroyed/killed/eliminated", "*phoneis*": "murderers/killers", "*eneprēsen*": "burned/set on fire/burned down" } }
• Matt 23:37-39 : 37 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.37", "source": "Ἰερουσαλήμ, Ἰερουσαλήμ, ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ λιθοβολοῦσα τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν, ποσάκις ἠθέλησα ἐπισυναγαγεῖν τὰ τέκνα σου, ὃν τρόπον ἐπισυνάγει ὄρνις τὰ νοσσία ἑαυτῆς ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας, καὶ οὐκ ἠθελήσατε!", "text": "*Ierousalēm*, *Ierousalēm*, the one *apokteinousa* the *prophētas*, and *lithobolousa* the ones *apestalmenous* *pros* her, how-often *ēthelēsa* *episynagagein* the *tekna* of-you, which *tropon* *episynagei* *ornis* the *nossia* of-herself under the *pterygas*, and not *ēthelēsate*!", "grammar": { "*Ierousalēm*": "vocative - Jerusalem (direct address, repeated for emphasis)", "*hē apokteinousa*": "present, active, participle, nominative, feminine, singular with article - the one killing", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*lithobolousa*": "present, active, participle, nominative, feminine, singular - stoning", "*apestalmenous*": "perfect, passive, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - having been sent", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*autēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - her", "*posakis*": "interrogative adverb - how often/how many times", "*ēthelēsa*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I wanted/wished", "*episynagagein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to gather together", "*tekna*": "accusative, neuter, plural - children", "*sou*": "genitive, singular - of you", "*hon tropon*": "accusative of manner - in which manner/way", "*episynagei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - gathers together", "*ornis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - bird/hen", "*nossia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - young birds/chicks", "*heautēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular, reflexive pronoun - of herself", "*hypo*": "preposition with accusative - under", "*pterygas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - wings", "*ouk ēthelēsate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural with negative - you did not want/wish" }, "variants": { "*apokteinousa*": "killing/putting to death/slaying", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who speak for God", "*lithobolousa*": "stoning/throwing stones at", "*apestalmenous*": "having been sent/commissioned/dispatched", "*ēthelēsa*": "wanted/wished/desired", "*episynagagein*": "to gather together/collect/bring together", "*tekna*": "children/offspring/inhabitants", "*tropon*": "manner/way/method", "*episynagei*": "gathers together/collects/brings together", "*ornis*": "bird/hen/mother bird", "*nossia*": "young birds/chicks/brood", "*pterygas*": "wings/feathered appendages", "*ēthelēsate*": "wanted/wished/were willing" } } 38 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.38", "source": "Ἰδού, ἀφίεται ὑμῖν ὁ οἶκος ὑμῶν ἔρημος.", "text": "*Idou*, *aphietai* to-you the *oikos* of-you *erēmos*.", "grammar": { "*Idou*": "interjection - behold/look", "*aphietai*": "present, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - is left/abandoned", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*oikos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - house", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - of you", "*erēmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - desolate/deserted" }, "variants": { "*Idou*": "behold/look/see", "*aphietai*": "is left/is abandoned/is forsaken", "*oikos*": "house/dwelling/temple", "*erēmos*": "desolate/deserted/abandoned" } } 39 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.39", "source": "Λέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν, Οὐ μή με ἴδητε ἀπʼ ἄρτι, ἕως ἂν εἴπητε, Εὐλογημένος ὁ ἐρχόμενος ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου.", "text": "*Legō* *gar* to-you, Not not me *idēte* from *arti*, until *an eipēte*, *Eulogēmenos* the one *erchomenos* in *onomati* *Kyriou*.", "grammar": { "*Legō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I say/tell", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*Ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*me*": "accusative, singular - me (direct object)", "*idēte*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might see", "*ap' arti*": "prepositional phrase - from now", "*heōs an*": "conjunction with conditional particle - until", "*eipēte*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might say", "*Eulogēmenos*": "perfect, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been blessed", "*ho erchomenos*": "present, middle, participle, nominative, masculine, singular with article - the one coming", "*en*": "preposition with dative - in", "*onomati*": "dative, neuter, singular - name", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Lord" }, "variants": { "*Legō*": "say/tell/speak", "*Ou mē*": "certainly not/by no means (strongest form of negation)", "*idēte*": "see/behold/perceive", "*arti*": "now/at present", "*eipēte*": "say/speak/declare", "*Eulogēmenos*": "blessed/praised/favored", "*erchomenos*": "coming/arriving/appearing", "*onomati*": "name/title/authority", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/YHWH/master" } }
• Mark 13:14-20 : 14 { "verseID": "Mark.13.14", "source": "¶Ὅταν δὲ ἴδητε τὸ βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως, τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ Δανιὴλ τοῦ προφήτου, ἑστὼς ὅπου οὐ δεῖ, (ὁ ἀναγινώσκων νοείτω,) τότε οἱ ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ φευγέτωσαν εἰς τὰ ὄρη:", "text": "When *de* you *idēte* the *bdelygma* of-the *erēmōseōs*, the *rhēthen* by *Daniēl* the *prophētou*, *hestōs* where not *dei*, (the one *anaginōskōn* *noeitō*,) then those in the *Ioudaia* *pheugetōsan* into the *orē*:", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction, adversative/continuative - but/and/now", "*idēte*": "aorist, subjunctive, active, 2nd plural - you might see", "*bdelygma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - abomination", "*erēmōseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - desolation", "*rhēthen*": "aorist participle, passive, accusative, neuter, singular - having been spoken", "*prophētou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - prophet", "*hestōs*": "perfect participle, active, accusative, neuter, singular - standing/set up", "*dei*": "present, indicative, active, impersonal - it is necessary", "*anaginōskōn*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - reading", "*noeitō*": "present imperative, active, 3rd singular - let him understand", "*Ioudaia*": "dative, feminine, singular - Judea", "*pheugetōsan*": "present imperative, active, 3rd plural - let them flee", "*orē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - mountains" }, "variants": { "*idēte*": "you might see/perceive/notice", "*bdelygma*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*erēmōseōs*": "desolation/devastation/destruction", "*rhēthen*": "having been spoken/said/told", "*hestōs*": "standing/set up/established", "*dei*": "it is necessary/proper/right", "*anaginōskōn*": "reading/recognizing", "*noeitō*": "let him understand/comprehend/perceive", "*pheugetōsan*": "let them flee/escape/run away", "*orē*": "mountains/hills" } } 15 { "verseID": "Mark.13.15", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἐπὶ τοῦ δώματος μὴ καταβάτω εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν, μηδὲ εἰσελθέτω, ἆραί τι ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας αὐτοῦ:", "text": "The *de* one on the *dōmatos* *mē* *katabatō* into the *oikian*, *mēde* *eiselthetō*, to *arai* anything from the *oikias* of-him:", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction, adversative/continuative - but/and/now", "*dōmatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - roof/housetop", "*mē*": "negative particle with imperative - not", "*katabatō*": "aorist imperative, active, 3rd singular - let him go down", "*oikian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - house", "*mēde*": "negative conjunction - nor/and not", "*eiselthetō*": "aorist imperative, active, 3rd singular - let him enter", "*arai*": "aorist infinitive, active - to take/pick up", "*oikias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - house" }, "variants": { "*dōmatos*": "roof/housetop/terrace", "*katabatō*": "let him go down/descend", "*oikian*": "house/home/dwelling", "*eiselthetō*": "let him enter/go into", "*arai*": "to take/pick up/carry away" } } 16 { "verseID": "Mark.13.16", "source": "Καὶ ὁ εἰς τὸν ἀγρὸν ὢν μὴ ἐπιστρεψάτω εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω ἆραι τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And the one in the *agron* being *mē* *epistrepsatō* to the things behind to *arai* the *himation* of-him.", "grammar": { "*agron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - field", "*mē*": "negative particle with imperative - not", "*epistrepsatō*": "aorist imperative, active, 3rd singular - let him return/turn back", "*arai*": "aorist infinitive, active - to take/pick up", "*himation*": "accusative, neuter, singular - outer garment/cloak" }, "variants": { "*agron*": "field/farm/countryside", "*epistrepsatō*": "let him return/turn back/turn around", "*arai*": "to take/pick up/carry away", "*himation*": "outer garment/cloak/mantle" } } 17 { "verseID": "Mark.13.17", "source": "Οὐαὶ δὲ ταῖς ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσαις, καὶ ταῖς θηλαζούσαις ἐν ἐκείναις ταῖς ἡμέραις!", "text": "*Ouai* *de* to-the ones in *gastri* *echousais*, and to-the ones *thēlazousais* in those the *hēmerais*!", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*de*": "conjunction, adversative/continuative - but/and/now", "*gastri*": "dative, feminine, singular - belly/womb", "*echousais*": "present participle, active, dative, feminine, plural - having [pregnant]", "*thēlazousais*": "present participle, active, dative, feminine, plural - nursing/breastfeeding", "*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days" }, "variants": { "*Ouai*": "woe/alas/grief", "*gastri*": "belly/womb/stomach [idiom: with child]", "*echousais*": "having/holding/possessing [pregnant]", "*thēlazousais*": "nursing/breastfeeding/suckling", "*hēmerais*": "days/time periods" } } 18 { "verseID": "Mark.13.18", "source": "Προσεύχεσθε δὲ ἵνα μὴ γένηται ἡ φυγὴ ὑμῶν χειμῶνος.", "text": "*Proseuchesthe* *de* that *mē* *genētai* the *phygē* of-you in-*cheimōnos*.", "grammar": { "*Proseuchesthe*": "present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - pray", "*de*": "conjunction, adversative/continuative - but/and/now", "*mē*": "negative particle with subjunctive - not", "*genētai*": "aorist, subjunctive, middle, 3rd singular - might happen/occur", "*phygē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - flight/escape", "*cheimōnos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - winter/stormy weather [temporal genitive]" }, "variants": { "*Proseuchesthe*": "pray/petition/ask", "*genētai*": "might happen/occur/come to pass", "*phygē*": "flight/escape/fleeing", "*cheimōnos*": "winter/stormy weather/cold season" } } 19 { "verseID": "Mark.13.19", "source": "Ἔσονται γὰρ αἱ ἡμέραι ἐκεῖναι θλῖψις, οἵα οὐ γέγονεν τοιαύτη ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς κτίσεως ἣς ἔκτισεν ὁ Θεὸς ἕως τοῦ νῦν, καὶ οὐ μὴ γένηται.", "text": "*Esontai* *gar* the *hēmerai* those *thlipsis*, such-as not *gegonen* such from *archēs* *ktiseōs* which *ektisen* the *Theos* until the now, and *ou mē* *genētai*.", "grammar": { "*Esontai*": "future, indicative, middle, 3rd plural - will be", "*gar*": "conjunction, explanatory - for/because", "*hēmerai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - days", "*thlipsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - tribulation/affliction", "*gegonen*": "perfect, indicative, active, 3rd singular - has been/occurred", "*archēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - beginning", "*ktiseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - creation", "*ektisen*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd singular - created", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*ou mē*": "strong double negative - by no means/certainly not", "*genētai*": "aorist, subjunctive, middle, 3rd singular - might happen/occur" }, "variants": { "*Esontai*": "will be/exist", "*hēmerai*": "days/time periods", "*thlipsis*": "tribulation/affliction/distress", "*gegonen*": "has been/occurred/happened", "*archēs*": "beginning/origin/first", "*ktiseōs*": "creation/founding/establishment", "*ektisen*": "created/made/formed", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*genētai*": "might happen/occur/come to pass" } } 20 { "verseID": "Mark.13.20", "source": "Καὶ εἰ μὴ Κύριος ἐκολόβωσεν τὰς ἡμέρας, οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ: ἀλλὰ διὰ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς, οὓς ἐξελέξατο, ἐκολόβωσεν τὰς ἡμέρας.", "text": "And if not *Kyrios* *ekolobōsen* the *hēmeras*, not *an* *esōthē* all *sarx*: but because-of the *eklektous*, whom *exelexato*, he *ekolobōsen* the *hēmeras*.", "grammar": { "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*ekolobōsen*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd singular - shortened/cut short", "*hēmeras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - days", "*an*": "particle indicating unreality of condition - would", "*esōthē*": "aorist, indicative, passive, 3rd singular - was saved", "*sarx*": "nominative, feminine, singular - flesh", "*eklektous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - elect/chosen ones", "*exelexato*": "aorist, indicative, middle, 3rd singular - chose/selected" }, "variants": { "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master", "*ekolobōsen*": "shortened/cut short/curtailed", "*hēmeras*": "days/time periods", "*esōthē*": "was saved/rescued/preserved", "*sarx*": "flesh/body/human being", "*eklektous*": "elect/chosen ones/selected", "*exelexato*": "chose/selected/picked out" } }
• Luke 21:20-24 : 20 { "verseID": "Luke.21.20", "source": "Ὅταν δὲ ἴδητε κυκλουμένην ὑπὸ στρατοπέδων τὴν Ἰερουσαλήμ, τότε γνῶτε ὅτι ἤγγικεν ἡ ἐρήμωσις αὐτῆς.", "text": "When *de* you *idēte* *kykloumenēn* by *stratopedōn* the *Ierousalēm*, then *gnōte* *hoti* *ēngiken* the *erēmōsis* of it.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*idēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you see", "*kykloumenēn*": "present passive participle, accusative feminine singular - being surrounded", "*stratopedōn*": "genitive neuter plural - armies", "*Ierousalēm*": "accusative feminine singular - Jerusalem", "*gnōte*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - know", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*ēngiken*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - has drawn near", "*erēmōsis*": "nominative feminine singular - desolation" }, "variants": { "*de*": "and/but/now", "*idēte*": "see/observe/notice", "*kykloumenēn*": "being surrounded/being encircled", "*stratopedōn*": "armies/camps/military forces", "*gnōte*": "know/understand/recognize", "*hoti*": "that/because", "*ēngiken*": "has drawn near/is at hand/is close", "*erēmōsis*": "desolation/devastation/destruction" } } 21 { "verseID": "Luke.21.21", "source": "Τότε οἱ ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ φευγέτωσαν εἰς τὰ ὄρη· καὶ οἱ ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς ἐκχωρείτωσαν· καὶ οἱ ἐν ταῖς χώραις μὴ εἰσερχέσθωσαν εἰς αὐτήν.", "text": "Then the ones in the *Ioudaia* *pheugetōsan* to the *orē*· *kai* the ones in *mesō* of it *ekchōreitōsan*· *kai* the ones in the *chōrais* not *eiserchesthōsan* into it.", "grammar": { "*Ioudaia*": "dative feminine singular - Judea", "*pheugetōsan*": "present active imperative, 3rd person plural - let them flee", "*orē*": "accusative neuter plural - mountains", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*mesō*": "dative neuter singular - middle/midst", "*ekchōreitōsan*": "present active imperative, 3rd person plural - let them depart", "*chōrais*": "dative feminine plural - countryside/fields", "*eiserchesthōsan*": "present middle imperative, 3rd person plural - let them enter" }, "variants": { "*Ioudaia*": "Judea", "*pheugetōsan*": "let them flee/let them escape", "*orē*": "mountains/hills", "*mesō*": "middle/midst/center", "*ekchōreitōsan*": "let them depart/let them leave/let them go out", "*chōrais*": "countryside/fields/regions", "*eiserchesthōsan*": "let them enter/let them go in" } } 22 { "verseID": "Luke.21.22", "source": "Ὅτι ἡμέραι ἐκδικήσεως αὗταί εἰσιν, τοῦ πλησθῆναι πάντα τὰ γεγραμμένα.", "text": "Because *hēmerai* *ekdikēseōs* these *eisin*, for *plēsthēnai* all the things *gegrammena*.", "grammar": { "*hēmerai*": "nominative feminine plural - days", "*ekdikēseōs*": "genitive feminine singular - vengeance", "*eisin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they are", "*plēsthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be fulfilled", "*gegrammena*": "perfect passive participle, nominative neuter plural - having been written" }, "variants": { "*hēmerai*": "days/times", "*ekdikēseōs*": "vengeance/retribution/punishment", "*eisin*": "are/exist", "*plēsthēnai*": "to be fulfilled/to be accomplished/to be completed", "*gegrammena*": "having been written/things written" } } 23 { "verseID": "Luke.21.23", "source": "Οὐαὶ δὲ ταῖς ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσαις, καὶ ταῖς θηλαζούσαις, ἐν ἐκείναις ταῖς ἡμέραις! ἔσται γὰρ ἀνάγκη μεγάλη ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ὀργὴ ἐν τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ.", "text": "*Ouai* *de* to the ones in *gastri* *echousais*, *kai* to the ones *thēlazousais*, in those the *hēmerais*! *estai* *gar* *anankē* *megalē* upon the *gēs*, *kai* *orgē* in the *laō* this.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*gastri*": "dative feminine singular - womb/belly", "*echousais*": "present active participle, dative feminine plural - having", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*thēlazousais*": "present active participle, dative feminine plural - nursing", "*hēmerais*": "dative feminine plural - days", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will be", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - for", "*anankē*": "nominative feminine singular - distress/necessity", "*megalē*": "nominative feminine singular - great", "*gēs*": "genitive feminine singular - earth/land", "*orgē*": "nominative feminine singular - wrath", "*laō*": "dative masculine singular - people" }, "variants": { "*Ouai*": "woe/alas", "*de*": "and/but/now", "*gastri*": "womb/belly/pregnancy", "*echousais*": "having/being pregnant", "*thēlazousais*": "nursing/breastfeeding", "*hēmerais*": "days/times", "*estai*": "will be/shall be", "*gar*": "for/because/indeed", "*anankē*": "distress/necessity/calamity", "*megalē*": "great/severe/large", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground", "*orgē*": "wrath/anger", "*laō*": "people/nation" } } 24 { "verseID": "Luke.21.24", "source": "Καὶ πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαίρας, καὶ αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη: καὶ Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ Ἐθνῶν, ἄχρι πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ Ἐθνῶν.", "text": "*Kai* they will *pesountai* by *stomati* of *machairas*, *kai* will be *aichmalōtisthēsontai* to all the *ethnē*: *kai* *Ierousalēm* *estai* *patoumenē* by *Ethnōn*, until are *plērōthōsin* *kairoi* of *Ethnōn*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pesountai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they will fall", "*stomati*": "dative neuter singular - edge/mouth", "*machairas*": "genitive feminine singular - sword", "*aichmalōtisthēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they will be taken captive", "*ethnē*": "accusative neuter plural - nations", "*Ierousalēm*": "nominative feminine singular - Jerusalem", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will be", "*patoumenē*": "present passive participle, nominative feminine singular - being trampled", "*Ethnōn*": "genitive neuter plural - Gentiles/nations", "*plērōthōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - may be fulfilled", "*kairoi*": "nominative masculine plural - times/seasons" }, "variants": { "*Kai*": "and/also", "*pesountai*": "will fall/will be killed", "*stomati*": "edge/mouth/blade", "*machairas*": "sword/knife", "*aichmalōtisthēsontai*": "will be taken captive/will be led away as prisoners", "*ethnē*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*estai*": "will be/shall be", "*patoumenē*": "being trampled/being trodden down", "*Ethnōn*": "Gentiles/nations/peoples", "*plērōthōsin*": "may be fulfilled/may be completed", "*kairoi*": "times/seasons/appointed periods" } }
• 1 Thess 2:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.2.15", "source": "Τῶν Καὶ τὸν Κύριον ἀποκτεινάντων Ἰησοῦν, καὶ τοὺς ἰδίους προφήτας, καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐκδιωξάντων· καὶ Θεῷ μὴ ἀρεσκόντων, καὶ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐναντίων:", "text": "The ones *Kai* the *Kyrion* having *apokteinantōn* *Iēsoun*, *kai* the *idious* *prophētas*, *kai* us having *ekdiōxantōn*; *kai* *Theō* not *areskontōn*, *kai* to all *anthrōpois* *enantiōn*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and/also/even", "*Kyrion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*apokteinantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having killed", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*idious*": "accusative, masculine, plural - their own", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*ekdiōxantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having driven out/persecuted", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*areskontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - pleasing", "*anthrōpois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to men/people", "*enantiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - contrary/hostile" }, "variants": { "*apokteinantōn*": "having killed/put to death", "*ekdiōxantōn*": "having driven out/persecuted/expelled", "*areskontōn*": "pleasing/seeking to please", "*enantiōn*": "contrary/hostile/opposed" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.2.16", "source": "Κωλυόντων ἡμᾶς τοῖς Ἔθνεσιν λαλῆσαι ἵνα σωθῶσιν, εἰς τὸ ἀναπληρῶσαι αὐτῶν τὰς ἁμαρτίας πάντοτε: ἔφθασεν δὲ ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ἡ ὀργὴ εἰς τέλος.", "text": "*Kōlyontōn* us to the *Ethnesin* to *lalēsai* *hina* they might be *sōthōsin*, to the *anaplērōsai* of them the *hamartias* *pantote*: *ephthasen* *de* upon them the *orgē* to *telos*.", "grammar": { "*Kōlyontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - hindering/forbidding", "*Ethnesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - to Gentiles/nations", "*lalēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to speak", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*sōthōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might be saved", "*anaplērōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to fill up/complete", "*hamartias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - sins", "*pantote*": "adverb - always/at all times", "*ephthasen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came/has come", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*orgē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wrath/anger", "*telos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - end/uttermost" }, "variants": { "*Kōlyontōn*": "hindering/forbidding/preventing", "*Ethnesin*": "Gentiles/nations/peoples", "*sōthōsin*": "they might be saved/rescued", "*anaplērōsai*": "to fill up/complete/fulfill", "*ephthasen*": "came/has come/overtook", "*orgē*": "wrath/anger", "*telos*": "end/uttermost/completely" } }
• Deut 28:49-58 : 49 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.49", "source": "יִשָּׂ֣א יְהוָה֩ עָלֶ֨יךָ גּ֤וֹי מֵרָחוֹק֙ מִקְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִדְאֶ֖ה הַנָּ֑שֶׁר גּ֕וֹי אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תִשְׁמַ֖ע לְשֹׁנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Yiśśāʾ* *YHWH* upon-*ʿāleykā* *gôy* from-*mērāḥôq* from-*qəṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ* as-which *yidʾeh* the-*nāšer* *gôy* which not-*tišmaʿ* *ləšōnô*.", "grammar": { "*Yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will lift up/bring'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'against you'", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*mērāḥôq*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - 'from afar'", "*qəṣēh*": "masculine singular construct - 'end of'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the earth'", "*yidʾeh*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'it will swoop'", "*nāšer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the eagle'", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will understand'", "*ləšōnô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'its tongue/language'" }, "variants": { "*Yiśśāʾ*": "lift up/bring/carry", "*gôy*": "nation/people", "*mērāḥôq*": "from afar/from a distant place", "*qəṣēh ha-ʾāreṣ*": "end of the earth/extremity of the land", "*yidʾeh*": "swoop/fly swiftly", "*nāšer*": "eagle/vulture", "*tišmaʿ ləšōnô*": "understand its language/comprehend its tongue" } } 50 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.50", "source": "גּ֖וֹי עַ֣ז פָּנִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־יִשָּׂ֤א פָנִים֙ לְזָקֵ֔ן וְנַ֖עַר לֹ֥א יָחֹֽן׃", "text": "*Gôy* *ʿaz* *pānîm* which not-*yiśśāʾ* *pānîm* to-*zāqēn* *wə*-*naʿar* not *yāḥōn*.", "grammar": { "*Gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*ʿaz*": "masculine singular adjective - 'fierce'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will lift up/show respect'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular noun - 'old man/elder'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular noun - 'young man/youth'", "*yāḥōn*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will show favor'" }, "variants": { "*Gôy ʿaz pānîm*": "fierce-faced nation/nation of fierce countenance", "*yiśśāʾ pānîm*": "show respect/regard/be partial to", "*zāqēn*": "old man/elder", "*naʿar*": "young man/youth/boy", "*yāḥōn*": "show favor/be gracious to/have mercy on" } } 51 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.51", "source": "וְ֠אָכַל פְּרִ֨י בְהֶמְתְּךָ֥ וּפְרִֽי־אַדְמָתְךָ֮ עַ֣ד הִשָּֽׁמְדָךְ֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־יַשְׁאִ֜יר לְךָ֗ דָּגָן֙ תִּיר֣וֹשׁ וְיִצְהָ֔ר שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ וְעַשְׁתְּרֹ֣ת צֹאנֶ֑ךָ עַ֥ד הַאֲבִיד֖וֹ אֹתָֽךְ׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʾākal* *pərî* *bəhemtəkā* *û*-*pərî*-*ʾadmātəkā* until *hiššāmədāk* which not-*yašʾîr* to-*ləkā* *dāgān* *tîrôš* *wə*-*yiṣhār* *šəgar* *ʾălāpeykā* *wə*-*ʿaštərōt* *ṣōʾnekā* until *haʾăbîdô* *ʾōtāk*.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾākal*": "perfect Qal 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'it will eat/consume'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*bəhemtəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your beast/cattle'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*ʾadmātəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your ground'", "*hiššāmədāk*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your destruction'", "*yašʾîr*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular - 'it will leave'", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'for you'", "*dāgān*": "masculine singular noun - 'grain'", "*tîrôš*": "masculine singular noun - 'new wine'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*yiṣhār*": "masculine singular noun - 'fresh oil'", "*šəgar*": "masculine singular construct - 'offspring of'", "*ʾălāpeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your cattle'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʿaštərōt*": "feminine plural construct - 'young ones of'", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your flock'", "*haʾăbîdô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his destroying'", "*ʾōtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you'" }, "variants": { "*ʾākal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*pərî bəhemtəkā*": "fruit of your cattle/produce of your livestock", "*pərî-ʾadmātəkā*": "fruit of your ground/produce of your land", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/until you are destroyed", "*yašʾîr*": "leave/leave remaining/spare", "*dāgān*": "grain/corn", "*tîrôš*": "new wine/fresh wine", "*yiṣhār*": "fresh oil/olive oil", "*šəgar ʾălāpeykā*": "offspring of your cattle/increase of your herds", "*ʿaštərōt ṣōʾnekā*": "young ones of your flocks/increase of your sheep", "*haʾăbîdô*": "his destroying/his causing to perish" } } 52 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.52", "source": "וְהֵצַ֨ר לְךָ֜ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֗יךָ עַ֣ד רֶ֤דֶת חֹמֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ הַגְּבֹה֣וֹת וְהַבְּצֻר֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֛ה בֹּטֵ֥חַ בָּהֵ֖ן בְּכָל־אַרְצֶ֑ךָ וְהֵצַ֤ר לְךָ֙ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֛ן יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*hēṣar* to-you in-all-*šĕʿārêkā* until *redet* *ḥōmōtêkā* the-*gĕbōhôt* and-the-*bĕṣurôt* which you *bōṭēaḥ* in-them in-all-*ʾarṣekā*; and-*hēṣar* to-you in-all-*šĕʿārêkā* in-all-*ʾarṣĕkā* which *nātan* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to-you.", "grammar": { "*hēṣar*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd singular - make narrow/besiege/distress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities", "*redet*": "Qal infinitive construct - coming down/falling", "*ḥōmōtêkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your walls", "*gĕbōhôt*": "adjective feminine plural - high/tall", "*bĕṣurôt*": "adjective feminine plural - fortified/inaccessible", "*bōṭēaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - trusting", "*ʾarṣekā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - give/place/set", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*hēṣar*": "besiege/distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns", "*redet*": "coming down/falling/descending", "*ḥōmōtêkā*": "your walls/your fortifications", "*bōṭēaḥ*": "trusting/relying/having confidence" } } 53 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.53", "source": "וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ פְרִֽי־בִטְנְךָ֗ בְּשַׂ֤ר בָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ וּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָֽתַן־לְךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁר־יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֖ אֹיְבֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And-*ʾākaltā* *pĕrî*-*biṭnĕkā*, *bĕśar* *bānêkā* and-*bĕnōtêkā* which *nātan*-to-you *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*, in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which-*yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyebêkā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾākaltā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will eat", "*pĕrî*": "noun masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*biṭnĕkā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your belly/womb", "*bĕśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bānêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*bĕnōtêkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your daughters", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has given", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyebêkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy" }, "variants": { "*pĕrî*-*biṭnĕkā*": "fruit of your womb/offspring/children", "*bĕśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress" } } 54 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.54", "source": "הָאִישׁ֙ הָרַ֣ךְ בְּךָ֔ וְהֶעָנֹ֖ג מְאֹ֑ד תֵּרַ֨ע עֵינ֤וֹ בְאָחִיו֙ וּבְאֵ֣שֶׁת חֵיק֔וֹ וּבְיֶ֥תֶר בָּנָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹתִֽיר׃", "text": "The-*ʾîš* the-*rak* in-you and-the-*ʿānōg* *mĕʾōd*, *tēraʿ* *ʿênô* against-*ʾāḥîw* and-against-*ʾēšet* *ḥêqô* and-against-*yeter* *bānāw* which *yôtîr*.", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man", "*rak*": "adjective masculine singular - tender/soft/delicate", "*ʿānōg*": "adjective masculine singular - dainty/delicate/luxurious", "*mĕʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*tēraʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be evil", "*ʿênô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eye", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*ʾēšet*": "noun feminine singular construct - wife of", "*ḥêqô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his bosom", "*yeter*": "noun masculine singular construct - remainder/rest of", "*bānāw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*yôtîr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will leave remaining" }, "variants": { "*rak*": "tender/soft/delicate/sensitive/pampered", "*ʿānōg*": "dainty/delicate/luxurious/refined", "*tēraʿ* *ʿênô*": "his eye will be evil/he will look with evil intent/he will be stingy toward", "*ḥêqô*": "his bosom/his embrace/his lap", "*yeter*": "remainder/rest/remnant" } } 55 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.55", "source": "מִתֵּ֣ת ׀ לְאַחַ֣ד מֵהֶ֗ם מִבְּשַׂ֤ר בָּנָיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֹאכֵ֔ל מִבְּלִ֥י הִשְׁאִֽיר־ל֖וֹ כֹּ֑ל בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֛ אֹיִבְךָ֖ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "From-*tēt* to-*ʾaḥad* of-them from-*bĕśar* *bānāyw* which *yōʾkēl*, from-*bĕlî* *hišʾîr*-to-him *kōl*, in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which *yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyibĕkā* in-all-*šĕʿārêkā*.", "grammar": { "*tēt*": "Qal infinitive construct - giving", "*ʾaḥad*": "numeral masculine singular - one", "*bĕśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*yōʾkēl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will eat", "*bĕlî*": "preposition - without", "*hišʾîr*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - leaving", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all/any", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyibĕkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities" }, "variants": { "*tēt*": "giving/offering/providing", "*bĕśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*bĕlî*": "without/because of not/failure to", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns" } } 56 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.56", "source": "הָרַכָּ֨ה בְךָ֜ וְהָעֲנֻגָּ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־נִסְּתָ֤ה כַף־רַגְלָהּ֙ הַצֵּ֣ג עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ מֵהִתְעַנֵּ֖ג וּמֵרֹ֑ךְ תֵּרַ֤ע עֵינָהּ֙ בְּאִ֣ישׁ חֵיקָ֔הּ וּבִבְנָ֖הּ וּבְבִתָּֽהּ׃", "text": "The-*rakkāh* in-you and-the-*ʿănuggāh* who not-*nissĕtāh* *kap*-*raglāh* *haṣṣēg* on-the-*ʾāreṣ* from-*hithʿannēg* and-from-*rōk*, *tēraʿ* *ʿênāh* against-*ʾîš* *ḥêqāh* and-against-*bĕnāh* and-against-*bittāh*.", "grammar": { "*rakkāh*": "adjective feminine singular - tender/soft/delicate", "*ʿănuggāh*": "adjective feminine singular - dainty/delicate/luxurious", "*nissĕtāh*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - she has tried/attempted", "*kap*": "noun feminine singular construct - palm of", "*raglāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her foot", "*haṣṣēg*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - to place/set", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land/ground", "*hithʿannēg*": "Hithpael infinitive construct - to pamper oneself/be delicate", "*rōk*": "noun masculine singular - tenderness/delicacy", "*tēraʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be evil", "*ʿênāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her eye", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular construct - man of", "*ḥêqāh*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her bosom", "*bĕnāh*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her son", "*bittāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her daughter" }, "variants": { "*rakkāh*": "tender/soft/delicate/sensitive woman", "*ʿănuggāh*": "dainty/delicate/luxurious/refined woman", "*nissĕtāh*": "she has tried/attempted/tested/ventured", "*kap*-*raglāh* *haṣṣēg*": "to set the sole of her foot", "*hithʿannēg*": "pampering herself/being delicate/being luxurious", "*rōk*": "tenderness/delicacy/softness", "*tēraʿ* *ʿênāh*": "her eye will be evil/she will look with evil intent/she will be stingy" } } 57 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.57", "source": "וּֽבְשִׁלְיָתָ֞הּ הַיּוֹצֵ֣ת ׀ מִבֵּ֣ין רַגְלֶ֗יהָ וּבְבָנֶ֙יהָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּלֵ֔ד כִּֽי־תֹאכְלֵ֥ם בְּחֹֽסֶר־כֹּ֖ל בַּסָּ֑תֶר בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֛ אֹיִבְךָ֖ בִּשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-in-*šilyātāh* the-*yôṣēt* from-between *raglêhā* and-in-*bānêhā* which *tēlēd* for-*tōʾklēm* in-*ḥōser*-*kōl* in-the-*sāter* in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which *yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyibĕkā* in-*šĕʿārêkā*.", "grammar": { "*šilyātāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her afterbirth", "*yôṣēt*": "Qal participle feminine singular - coming out/emerging", "*raglêhā*": "noun feminine dual with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her feet", "*bānêhā*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her children", "*tēlēd*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she will bear", "*tōʾklēm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - she will eat them", "*ḥōser*": "noun masculine singular construct - lack of", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all/everything", "*sāter*": "noun masculine singular - secrecy/hiding", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyibĕkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities" }, "variants": { "*šilyātāh*": "her afterbirth/placenta", "*yôṣēt*": "coming out/emerging/exiting", "*ḥōser*-*kōl*": "lack of everything/complete want/utter destitution", "*sāter*": "secrecy/hiding/concealment", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns" } } 58 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.58", "source": "אִם־לֹ֨א תִשְׁמֹ֜ר לַעֲשׂ֗וֹת אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵי֙ הַתּוֹרָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את הַכְּתוּבִ֖ים בַּסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֑ה לְ֠יִרְאָה אֶת־הַשֵּׁ֞ם הַנִּכְבָּ֤ד וְהַנּוֹרָא֙ הַזֶּ֔ה אֵ֖ת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "If-not *tišmōr* to-*ʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*dibrê* the-*tôrāh* the-this, the-*kĕtûbîm* in-the-*sēper* the-this, to-*yirʾāh* *ʾet*-the-*šēm* the-*nikbād* and-the-*nôrāʾ* the-this, *ʾēt* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*.", "grammar": { "*tišmōr*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will observe/keep", "*ʿăśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - doing/performing", "*dibrê*": "noun masculine plural construct - words of", "*tôrāh*": "noun feminine singular - instruction/law/teaching", "*kĕtûbîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - written/inscribed", "*sēper*": "noun masculine singular - book/scroll/document", "*yirʾāh*": "Qal infinitive construct - fearing/revering", "*šēm*": "noun masculine singular - name", "*nikbād*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - honored/glorious", "*nôrāʾ*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - feared/awesome", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*tišmōr*": "observe/keep/guard/preserve", "*ʿăśôt*": "to do/perform/accomplish/fulfill", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/things", "*tôrāh*": "instruction/law/teaching/direction", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document/writing", "*yirʾāh*": "to fear/revere/be in awe of", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*nikbād*": "honored/glorious/weighty/distinguished", "*nôrāʾ*": "feared/awesome/terrible/dreadful" } }
• Ps 37:12-13 : 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.12", "source": "זֹמֵ֣ם רָ֭שָׁע לַצַּדִּ֑יק וְחֹרֵ֖ק עָלָ֣יו שִׁנָּֽיו׃", "text": "*zōmēm rāšāʿ* against *ṣaddîq*, and *ḥōrēq* upon him his *šinnāyw*.", "grammar": { "*zōmēm*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - plots/plans", "*rāšāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - wicked person", "*laṣṣaddîq*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular adjective/noun - against the righteous person", "*ḥōrēq*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - gnashes", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him", "*šinnāyw*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his teeth" }, "variants": { "*zōmēm*": "plots/plans/schemes against", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evil one", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous person/just one", "*ḥōrēq... šinnāyw*": "gnashes his teeth/grinds his teeth (in rage)" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.13", "source": "אֲדֹנָ֥י יִשְׂחַק־ל֑וֹ כִּֽי־רָ֝אָ֗ה כִּֽי־יָבֹ֥א יוֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ʾĂdōnāy* will *yiśḥaq* at him, for he *rāʾâ* that his *yômô* will *yābōʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "proper noun - Lord/my Lord", "*yiśḥaq*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will laugh", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at him", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*rāʾâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has seen", "*yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will come", "*yômô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his day" }, "variants": { "*yiśḥaq-lô*": "will laugh at him/will mock him/will scorn him", "*rāʾâ*": "has seen/sees/observes", "*yābōʾ yômô*": "his day will come/his time will come/his judgment will come" } }
• Isa 29:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.1", "source": "ה֚וֹי אֲרִיאֵ֣ל אֲרִיאֵ֔ל קִרְיַ֖ת חָנָ֣ה דָוִ֑ד סְפ֥וּ שָׁנָ֛ה עַל־שָׁנָ֖ה חַגִּ֥ים יִנְקֹֽפוּ", "text": "*Hōy* *ʾărîʾēl* *ʾărîʾēl*, *qiryat* *ḥānāh* *dāwid*; *sĕp̱û* *šānāh* upon-*šānāh*, *ḥaggîm* *yinqōp̱û*", "grammar": { "*Hōy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*ʾărîʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'lion of God'/Jerusalem/altar hearth", "*qiryat*": "construct state, feminine singular - city of", "*ḥānāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - encamped/settled", "*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*sĕp̱û*": "verb, qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - add/join", "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - year", "*ḥaggîm*": "noun, masculine plural - festivals/feasts", "*yinqōp̱û*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - go around/complete cycle" }, "variants": { "*ʾărîʾēl*": "lion of God/altar hearth/Jerusalem/symbolic name for Jerusalem", "*ḥānāh*": "encamped/settled/dwelt", "*sĕp̱û*": "add/join/continue", "*yinqōp̱û*": "go around/complete cycle/come in succession" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.2", "source": "וַהֲצִיק֖וֹתִי לַֽאֲרִיאֵ֑ל וְהָיְתָ֤ה תַֽאֲנִיָּה֙ וַֽאֲנִיָּ֔ה וְהָ֥יְתָה לִּ֖י כַּאֲרִיאֵֽל", "text": "*wă-hăṣîqôtî* to-*ʾărîʾēl* *wĕ-hāyĕtāh* *tăʾăniyyāh* *wa-ʾăniyyāh* *wĕ-hāyĕtāh* to-me like-*ʾărîʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wă-hăṣîqôtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - I will distress/cause distress", "*lă-ʾărîʾēl*": "preposition lamed + proper noun - to/against Ariel", "*wĕ-hāyĕtāh*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will be", "*tăʾăniyyāh*": "noun, feminine singular - mourning/lamentation", "*wa-ʾăniyyāh*": "conjunction waw + noun, feminine singular - and mourning/groaning", "*wĕ-hāyĕtāh*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will be", "*kă-ʾărîʾēl*": "preposition kaph + proper noun - like/as Ariel" }, "variants": { "*hăṣîqôtî*": "distress/cause distress/bring into straits", "*tăʾăniyyāh*": "mourning/lamentation/sorrow", "*ʾăniyyāh*": "mourning/groaning/lamentation", "*ʾărîʾēl*": "lion of God/altar hearth (possibly with blood)/Jerusalem" } } 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.3", "source": "וְחָנִ֥יתִי כַדּ֖וּר עָלָ֑יִךְ וְצַרְתִּ֤י עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ מֻצָּ֔ב וַהֲקֽ͏ִימֹתִ֥י עָלַ֖יִךְ מְצֻרֹֽת", "text": "*wĕ-ḥānîtî* like-*kaddûr* against-you[fs] *wĕ-ṣartî* against-you[fs] *muṣṣāḇ* *wa-hăqîmōtî* against-you[fs] *mĕṣurōt*", "grammar": { "*wĕ-ḥānîtî*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - I will encamp/camp", "*kaddûr*": "preposition kaph + noun, masculine singular - like a circle/round", "*ʿālāyiḵ*": "preposition ʿal + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - against you", "*wĕ-ṣartî*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - I will besiege/bind", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition ʿal + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - against you", "*muṣṣāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - siege/army post/garrison", "*wa-hăqîmōtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - I will raise/establish", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition ʿal + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - against you", "*mĕṣurōt*": "noun, feminine plural - siegeworks/bulwarks/fortifications" }, "variants": { "*ḥānîtî*": "encamp/camp against/besiege", "*kaddûr*": "circle/ball/round/surrounding", "*ṣartî*": "besiege/bind/distress", "*muṣṣāḇ*": "siege/army post/garrison/military installation", "*mĕṣurōt*": "siegeworks/bulwarks/fortifications/watchtowers" } } 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.4", "source": "וְשָׁפַלְתְּ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ תְּדַבֵּ֔רִי וּמֵֽעָפָ֖ר תִּשַּׁ֣ח אִמְרָתֵ֑ךְ וְֽ֠הָיָה כְּא֤וֹב מֵאֶ֙רֶץ֙ קוֹלֵ֔ךְ וּמֵעָפָ֖ר אִמְרָתֵ֥ךְ תְּצַפְצֵֽף", "text": "*wĕ-šāp̱alt* from-*ʾereṣ* *tĕdabbērî* and-from-*ʿāp̱ār* *tiššaḥ* *ʾimrātēḵ* *wĕ-hāyāh* like-*ʾôḇ* from-*ʾereṣ* *qôlēḵ* and-from-*ʿāp̱ār* *ʾimrātēḵ* *tĕṣap̱ṣēp̱*", "grammar": { "*wĕ-šāp̱alt*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be brought low", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition min + noun, feminine singular - from the earth/ground", "*tĕdabbērî*": "verb, piel imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will speak", "*mē-ʿāp̱ār*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from the dust", "*tiššaḥ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be low/humbled", "*ʾimrātēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your speech/utterance", "*wĕ-hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*kĕ-ʾôḇ*": "preposition kaph + noun, masculine singular - like a ghost/medium", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition min + noun, feminine singular - from the earth/ground", "*qôlēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your voice", "*mē-ʿāp̱ār*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from the dust", "*ʾimrātēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your speech/utterance", "*tĕṣap̱ṣēp̱*": "verb, pilpel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will chirp/whisper" }, "variants": { "*šāp̱alt*": "be brought low/humbled/abased", "*ʾereṣ*": "earth/ground/land", "*tiššaḥ*": "be low/humbled/brought down", "*ʾimrātēḵ*": "speech/utterance/saying", "*ʾôḇ*": "ghost/spirit of the dead/medium", "*tĕṣap̱ṣēp̱*": "chirp/whisper/squeak (like bird sounds)" } }
• Isa 37:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Isaiah.37.33", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר לֹ֤א יָבוֹא֙ אֶל־הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את וְלֹֽא־יוֹרֶ֥ה שָׁ֖ם חֵ֑ץ וְלֹֽא־יְקַדְּמֶ֣נָּה מָגֵ֔ן וְלֹֽא־יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ עֳלֶ֖יהָ סֹלְלָֽה׃", "text": "Therefore thus-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* concerning-king-of-*ʾAššûr* not *yābôʾ* to-the-city the-this and-not-*yôreh* there *ḥēṣ* and-not-*yeqaddemenāh* *māgēn* and-not-*yišpōk* against-it *sōlelāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has said/spoken", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*yābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will come/enter", "*yôreh*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will shoot/cast", "*ḥēṣ*": "masculine noun - arrow", "*yeqaddemenāh*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - he will come before it with", "*māgēn*": "masculine noun - shield", "*yišpōk*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will pour out/heap up", "*sōlelāh*": "feminine noun - siege mound/embankment" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "has said/has spoken/has declared", "*yābôʾ*": "will come/will enter/will arrive", "*yôreh*": "will shoot/will cast/will direct", "*yeqaddemenāh*": "will come before it with/will advance against it with", "*māgēn*": "shield/defense/protection", "*yišpōk*": "will pour out/will heap up/will build", "*sōlelāh*": "siege mound/embankment/ramp" } }
• Jer 6:3-6 : 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.3", "source": "אֵלֶ֛יהָ יָבֹ֥אוּ רֹעִ֖ים וְעֶדְרֵיהֶ֑ם תָּקְע֨וּ עָלֶ֤יהָ אֹהָלִים֙ סָבִ֔יב רָע֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־יָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "To-her *yābōʾû* *rōʿîm* and-their-*ʿedrêhem* *tāqəʿû* against-her *ʾōhālîm* *sābîb* *rāʿû* *ʾîš* *ʾet*-his-*yādô*.", "grammar": { "*yābōʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will come", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds", "*ʿedrêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their flocks", "*tāqəʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they pitched/set up", "*ʾōhālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - tents", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*rāʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they pastured/grazed", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand/portion" }, "variants": { "*rāʿû*": "they pastured/grazed/fed/consumed", "*yādô*": "his hand/portion/place/space" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.4", "source": "קַדְּשׁ֤וּ עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ מִלְחָמָ֔ה ק֖וּמוּ וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה בַֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִם א֥וֹי לָ֙נוּ֙ כִּי־פָנָ֣ה הַיּ֔וֹם כִּ֥י יִנָּט֖וּ צִלְלֵי־עָֽרֶב׃", "text": "*qaddəšû* against-her *milḥāmāh* *qûmû* and-let-us-*naʿăleh* in-the-*ṣāhŏrāyim* *ʾôy* to-us for-*pānāh* the-*yôm* for *yinnāṭû* shadows-of-*ʿāreb*.", "grammar": { "*qaddəšû*": "piel imperative, masculine plural - sanctify/prepare/consecrate", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*qûmû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - arise/stand up", "*naʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person plural cohortative - let us go up/attack", "*ṣāhŏrāyim*": "noun, masculine dual - noon/midday", "*ʾôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*pānāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it has turned/declined", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*yinnāṭû*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they stretch out/extend", "*ʿāreb*": "noun, masculine singular - evening" }, "variants": { "*qaddəšû*": "consecrate/prepare/sanctify", "*pānāh*": "turned/declined/gone down/disappeared", "*yinnāṭû*": "stretch out/extend/lengthen/cast" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.5", "source": "ק֚וּמוּ וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה בַלָּ֔יְלָה וְנַשְׁחִ֖יתָה אַרְמְנוֹתֶֽיהָ׃ ס", "text": "*qûmû* and-let-us-*naʿăleh* in-the-*laylāh* and-let-us-*našḥîtāh* her-*ʾarmənôtêhā*.", "grammar": { "*qûmû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - arise/stand up", "*naʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person plural cohortative - let us go up/attack", "*laylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*našḥîtāh*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person plural cohortative - let us destroy", "*ʾarmənôtêhā*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her palaces/fortresses" }, "variants": { "*naʿăleh*": "let us go up/attack/ascend", "*našḥîtāh*": "let us destroy/ruin/corrupt" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.6", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת כִּרְת֣וּ עֵצָ֔ה וְשִׁפְכ֥וּ עַל־יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם סֹלְלָ֑ה הִ֚יא הָעִ֣יר הָפְקַ֔ד כֻּלָּ֖הּ עֹ֥שֶׁק בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *kirtû* *ʿēṣāh* and-*šipḵû* against-*yərûšālaim* *sōləlāh* she the-city the-*hāpəqad* all-of-her *ʿōšeq* in-*qirbāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*kirtû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - cut down/cut off", "*ʿēṣāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wood/trees/timber", "*šipḵû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - pour out", "*sōləlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - siege mound/ramp", "*hāpəqad*": "hophal infinitive absolute or participle - the punished/visited", "*ʿōšeq*": "noun, masculine singular - oppression/extortion", "*qirbāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her midst/interior" }, "variants": { "*kirtû*": "cut down/cut off/fell (trees)", "*ʿēṣāh*": "wood/trees/timber/counsel", "*hāpəqad*": "the punished/the visited/appointed for punishment", "*ʿōšeq*": "oppression/extortion/violence/fraud" } }